Weed control methods

Abstract

This invention provides "flat tiles, a frame, and a method for constructing the same weed-blocking structure" that can be easily and accurately constructed even on uneven or undulating land, soft ground, or steep slopes, and that provides long-term weed-blocking effects. [Solution] A frame made of flat tiles that can block light and angle steel is used, and a support structure is provided on top of the support structure, which has a roughly rectangular opening in a crossbar called a horizontal bar. The projections provided on the flat tiles are fitted together, clamped, and fixed on the support structure, and the frame and the horizontal bar are fastened together to form a light-blocking structure in which the flat tiles and the support structure are integrated, creating an environment in which plants cannot perform photosynthesis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a weed control technology.

Background Art

[0002] Conventional weed control technologies include a construction method of directly installing roof tiles on the ground to form a light-shielding structure for weed control, a method of laying a weed control sheet, etc., but each has its drawbacks.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003] Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-173793 (paragraph number 0010)

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The weed control construction method described in Patent Document 1 is described as "a construction method of using roof tiles of a roofing material that can block light and a structural member that can block light directly on the ground within the weed control range to form a light-shielding structure with a high weed control effect...". However, since one end of the tiles to be constructed is directly installed on the ground, the preparation of the land within the weed control range is insufficient. When there are irregularities or undulations on the ground, it is difficult to accurately form a light-shielding structure. Also, when constructing on soft ground or sloping ground, the occurrence of tile displacement or sinking is predicted, and it becomes difficult to accurately maintain the light-shielding structure. Due to this, when sunlight shines in, plants perform photosynthesis and grow, so weeds cannot be suppressed over a long period. The weed control construction method described in Patent Document 1 is inconvenient for construction in places with insufficient preparation, soft ground, sloping ground, etc.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the aforementioned inconveniences and to provide a "flat tile, frame, and method for constructing the same weed control structure" that can be easily and accurately constructed even if the weed control site is undeveloped land, soft ground, or a steep slope, and that can form a light-shielding structure with high weed control effect over a long period of time, creating an environment in which plants cannot perform photosynthesis. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Here, the "flat tile" element of the present invention is defined as a flat tile for weed control, which is molded from a light-shielding material for weed control, has a square surface that is flat, has substantially rectangular protrusions (hereinafter referred to as protrusions) at the top and bottom of the tile, has an overlapping portion on the left side of the tile, has an underlap portion on the right side, can form a continuous flat surface, has a contour rib (hereinafter referred to as contour rib) with a substantially rectangular cross-section on the back of the flat tile and a trapezoidal rib within the inner contour, and has a structure that does not interfere with bolt fastening that fixes the frame and crossbars by cutting out a part of the contour rib at the four corners in Figure 3 and providing a predetermined stepped portion.

[0007] The "frame" element of this invention is defined as a weed control frame (hereinafter referred to as "frame") which is a device that has the function of placing, positioning, fitting, clamping, and fixing flat tiles with protrusions on a crossbar (a crossbar) provided on top of two frames made of angle steel material, with a roughly rectangular opening (hereinafter referred to as the opening) as shown in Figure 9.

[0008] The "light-shielding structure" in this invention is defined as a structure formed by placing flat tiles on a base to block sunlight from the sky and prevent sunlight from entering from the side.

[0009] To achieve this objective, the gist of the invention described in claim 1 is a weed control construction method that allows for the formation of a light-shielding structure in which the flat tiles and the frame are integrated by placing, positioning, fitting (to a loose degree), clamping, and fixing multiple flat tiles 13 equipped with protrusions on a frame 1 formed by processing multiple angle steel materials to form frames 2 and frames 3, and welding the angle steel materials back to back and processing them to form crossbars 4, 5, 6, and 7.

[0010] The gist of the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention is a flat tile 13 having light-shielding properties as described in claim 1, wherein the flat tile 13 whose surface 111 is flat is provided with one or more protrusions 14, 15, 16 on the sides of the head portion 1b and tail portion 1a for positioning and preventing the tile from being blown away, the right side surface 1c is provided with a matching underlap portion, and the left side surface 1d is provided with a matching overlap portion to enable connection, the back surface 112 is provided with the contour rib 24 around the entire circumference along the outer circumference of the flat tile 13 to increase strength, and one or more trapezoidal ribs 26 are provided within the inner contour of the contour rib to further increase strength, the front and back surfaces are parallel, and at the corners of the head portion and tail portion on the 1a and 1b sides of the flat tile 13, a part of the contour rib is cut out to provide a predetermined stepped portion 17, providing a relief shape that can reduce weight and avoid contact with fastening bolts.

[0011] The gist of the invention described in claim 3 of the present invention is that the frame 1 described in claim 1 comprises the constituent members shown in Figure 7, and is characterized in that it has the function of being able to fasten bolts after moving the horizontal bars 5, 6, and 7 by aligning the projections 14, 15, and 16 provided on the head and tail of the flat tiles with openings (8a, 8b) provided on the horizontal bars, and then moving the horizontal bars 5, 6, and 7 to fit and clamp the projections of the flat tiles and fasten them with bolts.

[0012] The gist of the invention described in claim 4 of the present invention is a construction method for forming a light-shielding structure from the lower to the upper levels on a frame 1 described in claim 3, which is constructed using the flat tiles 13 constructed in the construction method described in claim 1, and the construction method for the first row is as follows: According to Figure 11 1), the first step is to align the elongated holes 9 provided in the two left and right frames 2 and frame 3 with the lower holes 10 provided in the horizontal bars, temporarily fasten them with bolts, washers and nuts, move each horizontal bar upward until it stops, and expand it until the flat tiles 13 can be placed on it; According to Figure 11 2), the projection 14 on the top of the placed first flat tile 13 is fitted into the opening 8b of the horizontal bar 4, and moved until the end face of the top hits the vertical part of the horizontal bar 4, and then, while aligning the underlap portion on the 1c side of the placed flat tile 13 with the overlap portion on the 1d side of the flat tile 13 to be placed on the horizontal bar 4, the projection 14 on the top of the flat tile 13 is moved The second step involves fitting the tile into the opening 8b, moving it until the end face of the top touches, and then repeating the same method sequentially until the weed control area is reached. Next, according to Figures 11-3) and 11-4), the first row of flat tiles placed on the plane of the horizontal rail 5 is moved downward while still on the horizontal rail 5, and the protrusions 15 and 16 at the bottom of the flat tile 13 are fitted into the opening 8a of the horizontal rail 5, so that the end face of the bottom of the flat tile 13 touches the end face of the horizontal rail 5. This weed control method comprises the following steps: first, move the frame until it is in place, and while holding it in place, tighten and secure the holes 12a of the two left and right frames 2 and frame 3 and the holes 12b of the horizontal bar with their respective bolts and nuts, and then further tighten the bolts and nuts on the left and right that were initially temporarily tightened to secure them; and second, for the second row and beyond, the construction method is carried out sequentially up to the construction area in the same manner as the first row, forming an integrated, flat light-shielding structure over the entire frame.

[0013] As the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the weed control construction method described in claim 1, a frame made by processing angle steel is used, and a light-shielding structure can be formed on the frame, which has the function of positioning, fitting, clamping, and fixing flat tiles with multiple protrusions in the openings of the horizontal bars. As a result, plants cannot perform photosynthesis under the frame as shown in Figures 1, 13(1) and 19(1), and a weed control effect that suppresses weed growth can be achieved.

[0015] As shown in Figure 11, 4) the flat tile with light-shielding properties described in claim 2 has a flat surface and one or more protrusions on its sides, so by fitting it into the openings provided in the horizontal bars and frame, it has the effect of preventing the tile from coming off the support structure. Also, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the left side has an overlapping portion and the right side has an underlap portion, so adjacent flat tiles can be connected to each other, and a flat light-shielding structure can be formed over a wide area. Furthermore, as shown in the EE cross-sectional view in Figure 12, the overlapping portion of the lap can block sunlight even with an overlap width L of about 5 mm to 10 mm, so a large flat surface can be made and it is also effective in terms of strength. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, the back surface has a contour rib along the entire circumference, and one or more trapezoidal ribs are provided within the inner contour of the rib, so the strength of the tile body can be increased and the weight of the tile body can be reduced. Furthermore, at the four corners of the top and bottom ends of the flat tile, a portion of the contour rib is cut away to create a stepped section, providing relief for the fastening member. As shown in the FF cross-section of Figure 12, this does not interfere with fastening the horizontal rail to the frame. Also, as shown in the AA cross-section of Figure 5, the front and back surfaces of the flat tile are parallel, so even when the flat tile is placed on the stand, it is possible to form an integrated light-shielding structure without wobbling. For these reasons, when using this weed-suppressing flat tile and weed-suppressing stand, they can mutually exhibit the necessary characteristics and functions. As a result, plants under the stand cannot photosynthesize, creating an environment where weeds are less likely to grow, thus exhibiting a weed-suppressing effect.

[0016] According to the frame described in claim 3, by using a highly rigid frame made of angle steel, the flat tiles described in claim 2 can be placed, positioned, fitted, clamped, and fixed onto the frame. By following the procedure shown in Figure 11, which is the base of the "flat tiles, frame, and weed control method thereof" of the present invention, a flat light-shielding structure integrating the flat tiles and the frame can be formed on the entire surface of the frame. As a result, light does not reach beneath the frame, suppressing plant photosynthesis and thus providing a high weed control effect.

[0017] Furthermore, since the shading structure is installed on a frame and does not directly touch the ground, air and water do not stagnate, and because it is breathable, it is less likely for bacteria to grow and does not negatively affect the soil environment.

[0018] Furthermore, preferably, if anchor bolts 998, as shown in Figure 13-3)f) and Figure 22-i), are embedded and fixed in the construction surface where a high-rigidity square frame is to be installed, then by fixing it using the holes 999 made in the frame in Figure 1, a light-shielding structure with high weed control effect can be easily and accurately constructed even if the weed control construction site is undeveloped land, soft ground, or a steep slope.

[0019] According to the weed control construction method described in claim 4, by using flat tiles 13 that have light-shielding properties, placing, positioning, fitting, and clamping the flat tiles on a frame 1, and then, as shown in Figures 1 and 11, fitting the projections provided on the flat tiles into the openings of opposing horizontal bars, and then moving the horizontal bars and fastening the frame and horizontal bars with bolts and nuts as shown in the FF cross-sectional view of Figure 12, construction can be easily, accurately, and quickly carried out even without experience.

[0020] Also, as shown in the cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. 12, by aligning the underlap portion on the 1c side of the laid flat tile 13 with the overlap portion on the 1d side of the second flat tile 13 to be laid, and constructing in the same manner successively, a continuous planar light-shielding structure can be formed over the entire area of the pedestal. As a result, the plants under the pedestal cannot perform photosynthesis, creating an environment where weeds are less likely to grow, and the weed control effect can be exerted.

[0021] The weed control construction method according to the present invention exhibits excellent effects as described above. Therefore, even if the site for weed control construction according to the present invention is unimproved land, soft ground, or a steep slope, it can be easily and accurately constructed, and a light-shielding structure with a high weed control effect over a long period can be formed. Thus, the object of the present invention, "providing a flat tile, a pedestal, and a weed control construction method thereof" can be achieved. From this, the present invention can be suitably used as a construction method for land where weed growth is to be suppressed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] [Figure 1] is a perspective view seen from the front side of the assembly process of the light-shielding structure in Embodiment 1. [Figure 2] is a perspective view of the flat tile constituting the light-shielding structure. [Figure 3] is a perspective view of the back surface of the flat tile. [Figure 4] is a plan view of the flat tile. [Figure 5] are the cross-sectional views taken along the lines A-A and B-B in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] are the views seen in the directions of the arrows a, b, c, and d in FIG. 4. [Figure 7] is a schematic view of the member forming the pedestal. [Figure 8] is a front view of the pedestal 1. [Figure 9] is the view seen in the direction of the arrow e in FIG. 8 [Figure 10] is the cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 8. [Figure 11]These are displacement cross-sectional diagrams illustrating the movement, placement, fitting, clamping, and fixing of the horizontal bars in steps 1), 2), 3), and 4). [Figure 12] This is a cross-sectional view of EE, FF, GG, and HH in Figure 1. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view of the sloping ground I of Embodiment 1. 1) the slope, 2) the plan view of the extension unit frame, and 3) the view of the displacement arrow at the joint f). [Figure 14] This is a perspective view of the 1) frame 40 on the sloping ground J of Embodiment 2. 2) X-arrow view, 3) Y-arrow view, and 4) Z-arrow view. [Figure 15] This is a plan view of the support structure 40 installed on slope J in Figure 13. 1) Plan view, 2) Partial enlargement view (a), Partial enlargement view (b), 3) Partial enlargement view (c), 4) Cross-sectional view of NN in Figure 15. [Figure 16] This is a schematic diagram of the members forming the support structure 50 on the slope K in Figure 13. 1) Schematic diagram, 2) Views 0, P, and Q. [Figure 17] These are: 1) a plan view of the frame 50, 2) enlarged partial views (E) and (O), and 3) cross-sectional view and cross-sectional view (Ka). [Figure 18] These are: 1) a cutaway view of the back side of the plan view in Figure 3, 2) a cutaway view of the tiles on the inclined surface J in Figure 13, and 3) a cutaway view of the tiles on the inclined surface K in Figure 13. [Figure 19] These are 1) a perspective view of the slope surface, 2) a plan view of the unit frame, and 3) a view of the displacement arrow in the direction of arrow g of the sloping ground L in Embodiment 3. [Figure 20] This is a view from arrow h in Figure 19. [Figure 21] This is a magnified view of section Z in Figure 20. [Figure 22] This is a view from arrow i in Figure 19 (partially enlarged). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] The most preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the embodiments described below are merely examples of the present invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of the present invention, Figures 2 to 6 are drawings relating to flat tiles, Figures 7 to 10 are drawings relating to the support structure, Figures 11 to 12 show the relationship between the flat tiles and the support structure, Figures 13 and 19 show examples of installation on an inclined surface according to the embodiment, Figures 14 to 17 are drawings relating to the support structure on an inclined surface, Figure 18 shows an example of cut tiles used on an inclined section, and Figures 20 to 22 are drawings relating to special cases.

[0024] (1) Flat tiles In the case of flat tiles, Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of the assembly process of the light-shielding structure as seen from the front, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the flat tile 13 constituting the light-shielding structure, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the back surface 112 of the flat tile 13, Figure 4 is a plan view of the flat tile 13, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of AA and BB in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a view of the arrows (a), (b), (c), and (d) in Figure 4. The flat tile 13 in Figure 2 according to the present invention has a square-shaped surface (exposed surface) 111 that receives sunlight and also has a flat surface, with a projection 14 on the head side 1b and projections 15 and 16 on the tail side 1a. These protrusions are provided to prevent the flat tiles 13 from being blown away by strong winds or peeling off on steep slopes. The protrusions shown in 3) and 4) of Figure 11 are fitted into the openings (8a, 8b) in the horizontal bars of Figures 7 and 9 that constitute the frame 1, clamping and fixing them in place to prevent physical movement. The height of these protrusions is preferably less than the thickness t (mm) × 2 of the angle steel material forming the horizontal bars, considering strength and formability.

[0025] As shown in Figure 6, overlapping sections 21, 22, and 23 are provided on the side 1d of the flat tile 13, and overlapping underlap sections 18, 19, and 20 are provided on the side 1c, so that adjacent flat tiles can be connected, as shown in the EE cross-section in Figure 12. Furthermore, the overlap width L (joint portion) only needs to prevent sunlight from reaching the bottom of the mounting frame, so even a width of at least 5 mm to 10 mm is sufficient to block sunlight. Therefore, the effective (shading) area of ​​the plane can be increased, and the strength can also be increased.

[0026] Next, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the back surface 112 of the flat tile 13. On the back surface 112, a contour rib 24 is provided around the entire circumference of the flat tile 13, and within the inner contour of the rib, as shown in the BB cross section of Figure 4, three trapezoidal ribs 26 are provided, which allows for weight reduction of the tile body while maintaining the strength of the tile body. Furthermore, at the four corners of the flat tile 13, a portion of the contour rib 24 is cut off to create a predetermined stepped portion 17, which allows for further weight reduction and saving of clay. This step, as shown in the FF cross section of Figure 12, allows the bolts fastening the frame and the horizontal rail to not interfere with the flat tile placed on the frame, thereby integrating the frame and the placed flat tile.

[0027] The flat tile 13 shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6 is a light-shielding flat tile, and the flat tile 13, whose surface 111 is flat, has one projection 14 on the top side 1b and two projections 15 and 16 on the side of the bottom side 1a. By fitting it into the openings (8a, 8b) provided in the horizontal rail, clamping it, and fixing it to the frame, the cross-sectional view 4) in Figure 11 and the HH cross-sectional view in Figure 12 are diagrams of the base showing the fitting state between the projections of the flat tile and the openings provided in the horizontal rail. As a result, the flat tile 13 is constructed in a way that prevents it from physically coming off the frame, thus preventing the flat tile from shifting, rattling, or being blown away.

[0028] Figure 4 is a plan view of the flat tile 13. The size of the flat tile 13 used in this embodiment is set to be the same as that of the existing flat tile F-type tile, with a vertical dimension of 35 cm and a horizontal dimension of 34.5 cm. Even if the overlap width is 1 cm, the working area (shading) is 35 × 33.5 ≈ 0.117 m 2 Therefore, 3.3m 2 Approximately 28 tiles are needed (3.3 ÷ 0.117 ≈ 28). Incidentally, in the case of existing F-shaped tiles, the working length is 35cm → 28cm, and the working width is 34.5cm → 30.5cm, so the working area is 28 × 30.5 ≈ 0.085m 2 So, 3.3m 2 Approximately 39 tiles are needed (3.3 ÷ 0.085 ≈ 39 tiles). Therefore, the weed-suppressing flat tiles of the present invention can create a light-shielding structure with 1.39 times the flat surface area compared to conventional flat tiles, even with the same number of tiles installed. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the material, shape, size, thickness, etc. can be appropriately selected and changed within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application.

[0029] Furthermore, in the frame 1, as shown in the perspective view of Figure 1, the plan view of Figure 8, and the cross-sectional view of Figure 10, it is preferable to screw or weld the flat steel members 11 to the center of the horizontal bars. This has the effect of increasing the rigidity of the frame and widening the installation area of ​​the flat tiles, making it less likely to be damaged when stepping on the structure during construction or maintenance of the light-shielding structure, and is effective in preventing cracking from stepping on it.

[0030] Furthermore, the construction of the inclined surfaces J and K in Figure 13 requires flat tiles with an angled shape. The back surface of the flat tiles is equipped with trapezoidal ribs 26, and as shown in the BB cross-section in Figure 5, the front and back surfaces of the flat tiles are parallel regardless of the cutting angle, so a structure can be formed that does not wobble when placed on a frame. Figure 18(1) shows the cutting angles of the tiles to be placed on the frames constructed on the inclined surfaces J and K in Figure 13. The tiles can be cut to fit each frame and fitted in to form a structure without gaps. Preferably, an adhesive adhesive can be applied to the entire circumference and bottom surface of the cut tiles and fitted in to form a light-shielding structure that will not peel off. Even more preferably, as shown in Figure 17(k), L-shaped angles or the like can be screwed in to physically prevent them from being blown away.

[0031] The material used for the flat tile 13 in this embodiment is preferably a clay material that has light-shielding properties, good moldability, strength, and weather resistance. Concrete material, synthetic resin material, or glass material may also be used. Furthermore, the size, thickness, and shape of the tile can be changed according to the application, and the embodiment can be implemented with modifications to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired.

[0032] Furthermore, as shown in the cross-section AA of Figures 4 and 5, the flat tile 13 is square in shape with parallel surfaces on both sides, allowing multiple flat tiles to be compactly packaged, making them easy to load, and preventing breakage or chipping during transport.

[0033] (2) Stand Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the components constituting the frame, Figure 8 is a plan view of frame 1, Figure 9 is a view from arrow e in Figure 8, Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view CC of Figure 8, Figure 11 is a displacement cross-sectional view of steps 1), 2), 3), and 4) showing the movement of the horizontal bars, placement of the flat tiles, fitting, clamping, and fixing when placing flat tiles, and Figure 12 shows cross-sectional views of EE, FF, GG, and HH in Figure 1. To form frame 1, angle steel members 2 and 3 and horizontal bars 4, 5, 6, and 7 on which flat tiles can be placed are prepared from the components in Figure 7, and multiple holes 12a and elongated holes 9 are provided at predetermined positions on the planar portions of the two angle steel members 2 and 3, and they are arranged parallel to each other so as to face each other left and right. Next, angle steel members are joined back to back, and multiple openings 8a and 8b are provided on their vertical surfaces, and multiple holes 10 and 12b are also provided on their planar surfaces. These horizontal bars 4 and 7 are then placed at the bottom of the left and right angle steel members, with the horizontal bar 4 at the bottom and the horizontal bar 7 at the top. They are fastened together with bolts and nuts to form a rectangular frame as shown in Figure 8, and then horizontal bars 5 and 6 are added to form the frame 1.

[0033] By using a highly rigid frame made of angle steel, multiple flat tiles can be placed on it, and by adding more frames as needed, a large shading structure can be formed. This will be explained in Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0034] Furthermore, a distinctive feature of this frame is that, as shown in Figure 11, the projections 14 and 15, 16 provided on the top 1b and bottom 1a of the flat tile 13 are positioned in accordance with the openings 8a, 8b shown in Figure 9(e) provided on the horizontal bar, the horizontal bar is moved to fit the projections of the flat tile into place, and after being clamped, it has a structure that allows it to be fastened with bolts and nuts.

[0035] The function and procedure of this frame will be explained from the cross-sectional view in Figure 11. Step 1) in Figure 11 involves passing embedded anchor bolts through the holes 999 in the frames 2 and 3 and the crossbars 4 and 7 that form the frame, and tightening them with nuts. Next, the crossbar 5 is placed on top, and the holes 10 provided on the left and right sides of the crossbar 5 are aligned with the elongated holes 9 in the frame, and the frame is loosely tightened using bolts, nuts, and washers.

[0036] Step 2) in Figure 11 involves moving the horizontal bar 5, which has been temporarily fastened to frames 2 and 3, to the left (upward) until the bolt catches on the left end of the elongated hole and stops, thereby creating a width that allows for the placement of the flat tile A shown in Figure 1, and then placing the flat tile A on the flat surfaces of horizontal bar 4 and horizontal bar 5. The flat tile has a bolt or nut relief shape 17 as shown in Figures 2 and 3, so it can be placed without interference.

[0037] Step 3) in Figure 11 involves moving flat tile A to the right (downward) and fitting the projection 14 into the opening 8b of the horizontal bar 4, moving it until the end face 1b of the flat tile makes contact, and then similarly moving the flat tile B...up to flat tile C in the construction area until the end face 1b of the flat tile makes contact, and then placing them in place.

[0038] Step 4) in Figure 11 involves moving the horizontal bar 5 to the right with the bottom end of the flat tile resting on it, fitting the protrusions 15 and 16 of the flat tile into the opening 8a of the horizontal bar 5, and while maintaining the position and fit (to the point where it can move loosely), moving the horizontal bar 5 to the right until it can no longer move, and while holding it in place, tightening bolts and nuts to align the holes 12b on both ends of the horizontal bar 5 with the holes in the frame 12a and secure it in place. Subsequently, the bolts and nuts that were temporarily tightened in step 1) in Figure 11 are tightened further to securely fix it and complete the construction of the first row.

[0039] For the second row and beyond, the same process as steps 1) to 4) in Figure 11 can be repeated to form a flat, integrated light-shielding structure across the entire frame. As described above, the weed control construction method of the present invention involves fitting the protrusions of the flat tiles into openings provided at predetermined positions on the frame, so it can be easily and accurately assembled even without experience.

[0040] Furthermore, by using this robust frame, even on undeveloped land, uneven ground, soft ground, or steep slopes, construction can be carried out safely as long as preparations are made to securely fix the frame at the installation point using anchor bolts, as shown in Figure 11-1) and Figure 13-3). This is also effective from a safety perspective, as it eliminates the need for dangerous grass cutting on steep slopes.

[0041] Furthermore, the steel material used for the frame is preferably angle steel treated with rust prevention, and more preferably, a rust preventative is applied after processing the holes, elongated holes, and rectangular openings to prevent rust from occurring on the frame and maintain its performance over a long period of time.

[0042] (3) Weed control construction method Since there are various embodiments of the weed control method in this embodiment, a representative embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0043] Embodiment 1: When installed on a flat surface such as a solar power generation site. The construction procedure involves preparing the required number of flat tiles 13 and a frame and crossbars, leveling the ground in the area to be weeded, determining the location for installing the frame, and for small-scale construction, it is preferable to embed concrete blocks in the four corners of the construction area as shown in Figure 11 1), insert anchor bolts 998 and solidify them with cement or the like before starting construction. Specifically, it is preferable to start construction by passing anchor bolts 998 through the four holes in the 999 parts of frames 2 and 3 and crossbars 4 and 7 as shown in Figure 11 1), inserting washers 72 and securing them with nuts 71.

[0045] In this embodiment, weed control work on flat ground for solar power generation, etc., is preferable because it can be efficiently carried out by connecting the unit frame (extended horizontally) shown in Figure 13-2) and the unit frame (extended vertically) shown in Figure 19-2) and incorporating flat tiles to create a unitized structure, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing costs.

[0046] The method for placing the flat tiles on the aforementioned frame is to implement the weed control construction method described in paragraph 0012 of this specification, thereby forming a light-shielding structure on the entire surface of the frame in which the frame and flat tiles are integrated. This integrated light-shielding structure is considered as one unit, and as shown in Figures 13(2) and 19(2), this unit is connected in the vertical and horizontal directions to expand to a predetermined size, thereby forming a light-shielding structure with a vast area. In this way, a weed control effect is achieved over a wide area. Furthermore, the flat tiles and frame are the same as those described in (1) and (2) of "Modes for Carrying Out the Invention," so a detailed explanation is omitted.

[0047] Embodiment 2: When constructing on a slope such as an embankment. For construction on slope I as shown in Figure 13-1), a high-rigidity rectangular frame is prepared, and the positions of the anchor bolts are determined in advance on the slope to be installed, and the anchor bolts are driven in and fixed. Preferably, it may be done as shown in Figure 13-3), or it may be attached to the concrete foundation work section 64 with driven-in anchor bolts.

[0048] The frame 30 to be constructed on this slope I may be made by adding a frame to the frame of the present invention as shown in Figure 13-2) and joining them using the joining method shown in Figure 13-3), or by welding. The construction method after the frame is installed is the same as in paragraph 0012 of "Means for Solving the Problem," so it will be omitted, but by performing the same construction, a light-shielding structure along the inclined surface can be formed.

[0049] Furthermore, when constructing on slope J as shown in Figure 13 1), the position for installing the support structure is determined, anchor bolts are embedded, and preferably the support structure is manufactured in a factory or similar facility. The flat tiles and diagonally cut tiles are then fitted into the support structure for verification, and after disassembly, it is reassembled on-site. This allows for the precise and reliable formation of a light-shielding structure. This is because working on slopes is dangerous, and it is difficult to immediately address any problems, making it more effective to carry out the work after prior preparation.

[0050] Here, the fabrication of the support structure for slope J in Figure 13 (1) involves surveying the construction site, designing the frame and crossbars based on the horizontal plane, and creating drawings. For example, as shown in Figure 18 (2), the support structure 40 for slope J is constructed by making frame 41 horizontal, using the intersection point with frame 42 as the reference point, and denoting the intersection angle as θ. Then, the intersection angle with frame 43 can be expressed as 90-θ. The fastening holes, elongated holes, and openings of the frame and crossbars are also drawn, and fabrication is carried out based on the drawings. Regarding the processing of the frame 41 and crossbars 44, 45, 46 to be attached to the frames 42, 43 shown in Figure 14 (1), as shown in Figure 18 (2), the angle at which they intersect with frame 41 is θ, so the right end faces of the crossbars 44, 45, 46 are cut at a cutting angle of θ according to the drawing, and the angle at which frame 43 and frame 41 intersect is 90-θ, so the left end faces of the crossbars 44, 45, 46 are cut at a cutting angle of 90-θ.

[0051] Furthermore, the function of fitting, clamping, and fixing the projections on the flat tiles, which is a characteristic of the frame of the present invention, is also applied to this frame used on an inclined surface. However, if the angle of intersection between the frame and the horizontal bar is less than 90 degrees, as shown in (a) and (b) of Figure 15, the right end face of the horizontal bar 46 is cut so that it can be moved upward, and the projections of the tiles can be fitted into the opening of the horizontal bar by lifting the horizontal bar upward until the end face makes contact. The length required for lifting is such that the projections can be fitted if the thickness of the angle steel material is t × 2 mm or more, as shown in 1) to 4) of Figure 11. Therefore, if the lifting distance is L2, it can be calculated as 2 × t ≤ L2 = L1 / cosθ, so if L1 ≥ 2 × t × cosθ mm is cut further from the surface of the horizontal bar cut at the cutting angle θ, the horizontal bar can be moved upward and the projections of the flat tiles can be fitted into the opening of the horizontal bar. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 15, 3), the left end face of the horizontal bar does not interfere with the frame 43 even when the horizontal bar is lifted upwards. Therefore, holes may be provided at the tightening positions determined by theoretical calculations. However, it is preferable to machine elongated holes in the frame 43 to provide adjustment space.

[0052] For construction on the inclined surface J in Figure 13, the frame 40 in Figure 14 is used. The frame 40 consists of frames 41, 42, and 43 and horizontal bars 44, 45, and 46. Cut tiles in the shaded area shown in Figure 18 2) are used on the plane of each frame. To prevent the cut tiles from rattling when they are placed on the frame, backing plates 58 (shaded area) shown in the arrow views of Figure 14 2) to 4) are attached and fastened with screws or welded to the same height as the plane of the horizontal bar. Preferably, although not shown in Figure 14 1), it is even better to provide backing plates 11 shown in Figure 8 between the horizontal bars. Similarly, at the intersection of frame 42 and frame 43, backing plates 58 may be attached to the top and bottom of both frames by screws or welding, as shown in the NN cross section of Figure 15 4).

[0053] The frame 42 that constitutes the support structure needs to have holes and elongated holes for fastening the crossbars. As shown in (a) and (b) of Figure 15-2), fastening holes 48a and elongated holes 47a are provided, and fastening holes 48b and 47b are provided in the crossbars 44, 45, and 46. Also, as shown in Figure 15-3), the frame 43 has holes 48a and elongated holes 47a perpendicular (up and down) to the frame 41. The elongated holes should be provided within a range in which the crossbar can move L2 mm from a predetermined position. Holes 47b and 48b for joining with the frame are provided in predetermined positions and bolted together.

[0054] Next, the left end face of the crossbar is cut at an angle (90-θ) that intersects with the frame 43, taking length into consideration. Since the crossbar does not hit the frame when lifted, it is sufficient to provide fastening holes 48a and 47a in the frame and holes 48b and 47b in the crossbar at the predetermined positions. Preferably, as shown in Figure 15 3) (c), elongated holes may be provided to allow for adjustment. After the crossbar is mounted on the frame, the frame and crossbar are actually assembled to complete the frame.

[0055] Next, prepare the required number of flat tiles 13 and tiles for the cut tiles (shaded area) shown in Figure 18, 2). First, fit the flat tiles into the frame 30, measure the dimensions of the empty spaces (where the cut tiles can be fitted), create a drawing, and cut the tiles to fit the frame. Next, leaving the cut tiles without protrusions for later, assemble the frame from the bottom up according to the procedure in Figure 11. However, when assembling the top row, it is preferable to loosen the tightening bolts of the frame 41, fit the protrusions of the flat tiles into place, and then tighten them again.

[0056] Next, when fitting cut tiles without protrusions into the frame, adhesive is applied to the back surface and outer circumference of the tile and then fitted into place to secure it. Preferably, as shown in the N-NN cross-sectional view of Figure 15, 4), angle members are attached to frames 42 and 43 and screwed in to secure the tiles so that they do not peel off (fly away).

[0057] For construction on slope K in Figure 13, the construction site is surveyed and the frame 50 in Figure 17 (1) is fabricated. As shown in Figure 18 (3), the horizontal (bottom) frame 53 is used as the reference point, and the intersection with frame 52 is used as the reference point for drawing. Also, if the intersection angle between frame 51 and frame 53 is θ1, the right end faces of frame 53 and horizontal bars 54-57 are processed at a cutting angle of θ1. As shown in Figure 17 (E) and (O), the length required to lift the frame is such that the projection can be fitted into the angle steel thickness = t × 2 mm or more. If the lifting distance is L4 and the cutting length from the end face at angle θ1 is L3, then it can be calculated as 2 × t ≤ L4 = L3 / cosθ. If L3 ≥ 2 × t × cosθ mm is cut from the surface where the horizontal bar was cut at a cutting angle θ1, the horizontal bar can be moved upward and the projection of the flat tile can be fitted into the opening of the horizontal bar.

[0058] When constructing on the inclined surface K in Figure 13, the frame 53 shown in Figure 18 3) along the bottom of the inclination is used as a reference, and frames 51 and 52 are used to form the support structure 50. For the fabrication of this support structure, the components are processed as shown in Figures 16 and 17, similar to the support structures fabricated on inclined surfaces I and J in Figure 13. The support structure fabrication procedure involves aligning frames 52 and 53 at a right angle as shown in Figure 17 1), aligning frames 51 and 53 at an angle θ1, fixing them to the backing plate 58 shown in the OO cross section of Figure 17 1), and joining them with bolts, washers, and nuts at each fastening hole. In addition, the right end faces of the horizontal bars 54, 55, and 56 are provided with elongated holes perpendicular to frame 53 in order to lift the horizontal bars and place the tiles, similar to the support structure 40. As shown in Figure 17 2), they are cut at an angle θ1. Therefore, if we let the lifting distance be L4 and the cutting length be L3, we can find the value using 2×t≦L4=L3 / cosθ1. By cutting L3≧2×t×cosθ1mm from the surface where the crossbar was cut at a cutting angle θ1, we can move the crossbar upwards and fit the protrusion of the flat tile into the opening of the crossbar.

[0059] Furthermore, similar to the frame 40 described above, for parts of the cut tile that cannot include protrusions, even at any angle on the back of the flat tile as shown in Figure 18, the surface of the flat tile and the back of the rib are parallel due to the relationship between the cutting line, the contour rib, and the trapezoidal rib. Therefore, the tile may be attached and fixed to the frame using an adhesive to prevent it from coming off. Preferably, as shown in (k) of 3) in Figure 17, angle steel members may be attached to the frame and crossbars forming the frame to fix the tile in place so that it does not fly off. Even when diagonal cuts of the tile are required on an inclined surface, as shown in Figure 13, the front and back surfaces of the flat tile are parallel planes, so it can be placed on the frame and crossbars without rattling, regardless of the part.

[0060] Embodiment 3: Slopes of public transportation (roads, railways) In construction at the location shown in Figure 19-1), a vast shading structure can be formed by adding additional frames as needed, as shown in Figure 13-2) and Figure 19-2). This is the same method as in Embodiment 2 and will be omitted here, but the following construction method is also possible and will be explained. For construction on sloping ground over a large area, it is preferable to manufacture frames that fit on the bed of a truck in a factory, etc., and then incorporate flat tiles to unitize them as a structure. By installing them on-site with heavy machinery, construction can be carried out safely and accurately, significantly reducing time and costs, making it suitable for large-scale weed control construction projects.

[0061] On the other hand, large-scale shading structures constructed on inclined surfaces are integrated shading structures built on a flat base, so it is preferable to perform concrete foundation work at the construction site in advance and bury anchor bolts for construction as defined by JIS before installation. Furthermore, in construction sites with steep slopes and high elevations, as a means of preventing rainwater from flowing rapidly across the surface of the tiles during heavy rain and becoming dangerous, an unequal-sided angle 66 may be used on one side of the horizontal rails shown in Figures 20, 21, and 22, and welded to an equal-sided angle 65, with holes 61 provided above the flat tiles to allow rainwater to pass through gradually and to serve as a footing during construction, thus enabling safe construction. In addition, as shown in Figure 22, grooves that serve as side ditches 62 may be made at the joints between units to drain rainwater. Moreover, by constructing a large shading structure on an inclined surface, the loosening of the ground due to rainfall can be reduced, making it effective in preventing slope collapse.

[0062] When implementing the present invention, it is not limited to those shown in the embodiments above, but can be modified in various ways within the scope of the invention depending on the purpose and application. The material, shape, size, number, etc. can be appropriately selected according to the application. As described above, Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 are weed control construction methods that make use of the characteristics of flat tiles and frames, and can easily form a light-shielding structure on any type of land and any slope, so that an environment is created in which plants cannot perform photosynthesis and a weed control effect can be reliably achieved. [Industrial applicability]

[0063] The present invention's "flat roof tile, mounting frame, and weed control construction method" can be used for long-term countermeasures against weeds, dust, and sand on slopes such as roads, railways, factories, and embankments around residences of public institutions, as well as on vacant land, uncultivated land, road widening sites, and large-scale solar power generation facilities (mega solar). This will have a positive impact on industries such as exterior design, civil engineering, and construction, as well as the advertising industry, where it can be used as a sign that also provides weed control, and on individuals and small and medium-sized enterprises that make a living from this type of construction. In particular, the shipment volume of clay roof tiles in recent years is only about 10% of the peak volume in 1973 and is still in decline. The flat roof tile of the present invention was invented to utilize clay material for weed control purposes, and is expected to greatly contribute to the revitalization of the clay roof tile and concrete roof tile industries. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0064] 1: Stand 2, 3: Frame 4, 5, 6, 7: Horizontal bars 8a: Butt opening 8b: Head opening 9: Long hole 10: Tightening holes 11: Backing plate (flat steel) 12a: Tightening hole 12b: Tightening hole 13: Flat roof tile body 14: Head side protrusion 15, 16: Side projections of the buttocks 17: Corner step 18: Upper end face of underwrap portion 19: Underwrap section, inclined section 20: Lower end face of underwrap portion 21: Lower end face of overlapping portion 22: Overlapping section, slope section 23: Upper end face of overlapping portion 24: Contour Rib 25: Contoured rib bottom surface 26: Trapezoidal Rib 27: Bolt 28: Washer 29: Nut 30: Connecting frame 31, 33: Connecting frame 32, 34: Frame 35, 36, 37: Connecting crossbars 40: Stand 41, 42, 43: Frame 44, 45, 46: Horizontal bars 47a: Tightening hole 47b: Tightening hole 48a: Tightening hole 48b: Tightening hole 49: Cut roof tiles 50: Stand 51: Frame 52: Frame 53, 54, 55, 56, 57: Horizontal bars 58: Backing plate 60: Crossbar mounting section 61: Rainwater drainage hole 62: Rainwater drainage gutter 63: Mounting plate 64: Foundation Construction Department 65: Equilateral angle 66: Unequal-sided angle 67: Additional Shapes 70: Bolt 71: Nut 72: Washer 111: Surface 112: Bottom surface 995: L-shaped angle steel 996: Set screw 997: Concrete block + cement 998: Anchor bolt 999: Hole for anchor bolt

Claims

1. A weed control construction method characterized by using a frame (1) formed by applying predetermined processing to multiple angle steel members, joining the frame and angle steel members back to back, and using a frame (1) composed of a horizontal bar that has undergone predetermined processing, and placing flat tiles (13) provided with multiple protrusions on the frame, which has the function of positioning, fitting, clamping, and fixing, thereby forming a light-shielding structure in which the flat tiles and the frame are integrated.

2. A flat tile (13) having light-shielding properties, wherein the top side (111) of the flat tile (13) has one or more protrusions (14) on the top side (1b) and one or more protrusions (15) and protrusions (16) on the bottom side (1a), the right side (1c) has overlapping underlap portions (18, 19, 20) in a joint shape, and the left side (1d) has overlapping portions (21, 22, 23) in a joint shape, and on the back side (112), a contour rib (24) with a substantially rectangular cross-section is provided around the entire circumference of the outer circumference of the flat tile (13), and one or more trapezoidal ribs (26) are provided within the inner contour, and a portion of the four corners of the contour rib is cut out to provide a predetermined stepped portion (17), and the flat tile (13) has surfaces on the front and back sides that are parallel.

3. A frame (1) is formed by joining horizontal bars (4) and (7), which have multiple holes and elongated holes in the planar surfaces of two angle steel members (2) and angle steel member (3), which are arranged parallel to each other on the left and right sides, with the angle steel members joined back to back, and with one or more openings (8a, 8b) in their vertical surfaces, and multiple holes in the planar surfaces of the horizontal bars (4) and horizontal bars (7), which are placed at the bottom of the left and right angle steel members and at the top of the horizontal bars, and joining them together. Furthermore, the frame (1) is equipped with multiple horizontal bars, which are positioned to align the projections (14, 15, 16) on the head and tail of the flat tiles with the openings (8a, 8b) in the horizontal bars, and after moving the horizontal bars to fit and clamp the projections of the flat tiles, the frame and the horizontal bars are bolted together.

4. A construction method for forming a light-shielding structure from the lower to the upper levels on a frame (1) equipped with horizontal bars, using the frame which is configured in the same way as the flat tile (13), wherein the construction method for the first row is as follows: first step: Align the elongated holes (9) provided in the left and right frames with the lower holes (10) provided in the horizontal bars, temporarily fasten them with fastening members, and move each horizontal bar upward until it stops; then, align the projection (14) at the top of the first flat tile (13) with the opening (8b) of the horizontal bar (4), move it until the end face of the top hits the vertical part of the horizontal bar (4) and fit it in place; next, align the overlapping part (1d) of the second flat tile (13) to be placed with the underlap part (1c) of the placed flat tile (13), align the projection (14) at the top of the flat tile (13) with the opening (8b) of the horizontal bar (4) and fit it in, move it until the end face of the top hits and fit it in place A weed control construction method according to claim 1, comprising: a second step of aligning and placing the tiles, and then repeating the same method sequentially until the weed control construction area is reached; a third step of moving the first row of flat tiles placed on the plane of the horizontal rail (5) downwards while keeping them in place, fitting the projections (15) and (16) at the base of the flat tiles (13) into the opening (8a) of the horizontal rail (5), moving until the end face of the base of the flat tiles (13) touches the end face of the horizontal rail (5), and while holding them in place, tightening and fixing the holes (12a) of the two left and right frames (2) and frame (3) and the holes (12b) of the horizontal rail with their respective fastening members, and further tightening the left and right fastening members that were temporarily tightened earlier to secure them; and a fourth step of sequentially performing the construction for the second row and subsequent rows in the same manner as the first row until the construction area is reached, thereby forming an integrated flat light-shielding structure over the entire frame.

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