Light-emitting devices, light-emitting apparatus, display devices, lighting apparatus, and electronic equipment

Abstract

To provide novel light-emitting devices, light-emitting apparatuses, electronic devices, display devices, and lighting apparatuses that offer superior convenience, usefulness, or reliability. [Solution] A light-emitting device having a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer, and a second layer, wherein the second electrode has a region that overlaps with the first electrode, the first layer has a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first layer contains a light-emitting material, the light-emitting material has the function of emitting photoluminescent light in solution, the photoluminescent light has a first spectrum, the first spectrum has a maximum peak at wavelength λ1, and the wavelength λ1 is in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm. The second layer has a region sandwiched between the first layer and the second electrode, the second layer contains a first organic compound, the first organic compound has a first refractive index n1 with respect to light having wavelength λ1, and the first refractive index n1 is 1.4 to 1.75.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] One aspect of the present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a light-emitting apparatus, an electronic device, a display device, a lighting device, or a semiconductor device. Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification or the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example.

[0002] Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification or the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example. One aspect of the present invention relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example. One aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example. Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification or the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example. Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification or the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example. Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. The technical field of one aspect of the invention disclosed in this specification or the like relates to an article, a method, or a manufacturing method. Or, one aspect of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, as a more specific technical field of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in this specification, semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, their driving methods, or their manufacturing methods can be cited as an example.

Background Art

[0003] The practical application of a light-emitting device (organic EL device) that uses electroluminescence (EL) using an organic compound has been progressing. The basic configuration of these light-emitting devices is one in which an organic compound layer (EL layer) containing a light-emitting material is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. When a voltage is applied to this element to inject carriers (holes and electrons) and the recombination energy of the carriers is utilized, light emission from the light-emitting material can be obtained. Since such a light-emitting device is self-emitting, when used as a pixel of a display, it has advantages such as higher visibility and no need for a backlight compared to liquid crystals, and is suitable as a flat panel display element. In addition, a display using such a light-emitting device The basic configuration of these light-emitting devices is one in which an organic compound layer (EL layer) containing a light-emitting material is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. When a voltage is applied to this element to inject carriers (holes and electrons) and the recombination energy of the carriers is utilized, light emission from the light-emitting material can be obtained. When a voltage is applied to this element to inject carriers (holes and electrons) and the recombination energy of the carriers is utilized, light emission from the light-emitting material can be obtained. When a voltage is applied to this element to inject carriers (holes and electrons) and the recombination energy of the carriers is utilized, light emission from the light-emitting material can be obtained. When a voltage is applied to this element to inject carriers (holes and electrons) and the recombination energy of the carriers is utilized, light emission from the light-emitting material can be obtained.

[0004] Since such a light-emitting device is self-emitting, when used as a pixel of a display, it has advantages such as higher visibility and no need for a backlight compared to liquid crystals, and is suitable as a flat panel display element. In addition, a display using such a light-emitting device Since such a light-emitting device is self-emitting, when used as a pixel of a display, it has advantages such as higher visibility and no need for a backlight compared to liquid crystals, and is suitable as a flat panel display element. In addition, a display using such a light-emitting device Since such a light-emitting device is self-emitting, when used as a pixel of a display, it has advantages such as higher visibility and no need for a backlight compared to liquid crystals, and is suitable as a flat panel display element. In addition, a display using such a light-emitting device Furthermore, the ability to manufacture it in a thin and lightweight form is a major advantage. In addition, its extremely fast response speed is also a significant feature. It is one of the signs.

[0005] Furthermore, these light-emitting devices allow for the continuous formation of a light-emitting layer in two dimensions. This allows for the emission of light in a planar manner. This is a point light source, such as an incandescent light bulb or an LED. Alternatively, it is a characteristic that is difficult to obtain with linear light sources such as fluorescent lamps, and therefore can be applied to lighting and other applications. It also has high value as a source of nutrients.

[0006] Thus, displays or lighting devices using light-emitting devices are suitable for a variety of electronic devices. While suitable, research and development are underway to find light-emitting devices with even better characteristics.

[0007] One of the issues often raised when discussing organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is light extraction efficiency. It has low efficiency. In particular, attenuation due to reflection caused by the difference in refractive index of adjacent layers is a factor in the effectiveness of the element. This is a major factor in reducing the efficiency. To mitigate this effect, low refractive index is used inside the EL layer. A configuration has been proposed in which layers made of a specific material are formed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0008] Light-emitting devices with this configuration have higher light extraction efficiency than light-emitting devices with conventional configurations. This makes it possible to create a light-emitting device with high external quantum efficiency, but such low temperature The refractive index layer is placed inside the EL layer without adversely affecting other important properties in the light-emitting device. It is not easy to form, because it requires a low refractive index and high carrier transport properties. This is because reliability is a trade-off when used in light-emitting devices. The carrier transportability or reliability in organic compounds is derived from the presence of unsaturated bonds. This is because organic compounds with large pores and many unsaturated bonds tend to have a high refractive index. There is. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2020 / 0176692 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] One aspect of the present invention provides a novel light-emitting device that is superior in convenience, usefulness, or reliability. One of the challenges is to develop new electronic devices that are superior in convenience, usefulness, or reliability. One of the challenges is to provide a new table that is superior in convenience, usefulness, or reliability. One of the objectives is to provide a display device, or a device that is excellent in terms of convenience, usefulness, or reliability. One of the objectives is to provide a novel lighting device. Alternatively, a novel light-emitting device, a novel Light-emitting devices, novel electronic devices, novel display devices, novel lighting devices, or novel semiconductor devices One of the challenges is to provide it.

[0011] Furthermore, the description of these problems does not preclude the existence of other problems. The approach does not need to solve all of these problems. This will become clear from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and the specification, drawings It is possible to extract other issues from the descriptions in the surfaces, claims, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] (1) One aspect of the present invention is a light-emitting device having a first electrode, a second electrode, and a unit. It is a chair.

[0013] The second electrode has a region that overlaps with the first electrode, and the unit is the first electrode and the second electrode The unit comprises a first layer and a second layer, with an intermediate region in between.

[0014] The first layer comprises a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the first layer is luminescent Includes materials.

[0015] Light-emitting materials have the function of emitting photoluminescent light in solution, and photoluminescence The ray light has a first spectrum φ1, and the first spectrum φ1 has a maximum peak at wavelength λ1. Furthermore, the wavelength λ1 is in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm.

[0016] The second layer comprises a region sandwiched between the first layer and the second electrode, and the second layer is made of the first organic Contains compound ETM.

[0017] The first organic compound ETM has a first refractive index n1 for light having wavelength λ1, and the first The refractive index n1 is between 1.4 and 1.75.

[0018] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from the first layer. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light. As a result, it is superior in terms of convenience, usefulness, and reliability. This allows us to provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0019] (2) In addition, one aspect of the present invention is that the first spectrum φ1 has a full width at half maximum FWHM, The above-mentioned light-emitting device has a total width (FWHM) of 10 nm to 35 nm.

[0020] (3) Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above-described light-emitting device in which the second electrode contains silver.

[0021] Thereby, the light emitted from the first layer can be efficiently extracted. Or, blue light can be efficiently extracted. Or, light with high chroma can be efficiently extracted. Or, a microresonator structure can be formed using the second layer and the second electrode. Or, using the microresonator structure, the width of the spectrum of the emitted light can be narrowed. Or, even when using the microresonator structure, light can be utilized with high efficiency. As a result, a novel light-emitting device excellent in convenience, usefulness or reliability can be provided.

[0022] (4) Further, one aspect of the present invention is the above-described light-emitting device in which the first organic compound ETM is represented by the following general formula (G e1 2).

[0023] [Chemical formula]

[0024] Note that, among Q 1 to Q 3 , two or three are nitrogen atoms, and when two of Q 1 to Q 3 are nitrogen atoms, one represents CH.

[0025] Also, at least one of R 201 to R 215 is a phenyl group having a substituent, and the others of R 2 01 to R 215 are each independently hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 3 ​​​Up to 10 alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic compounds with 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming a substituted or unsubstituted ring. It represents either a group hydrocarbon group or a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl group.

[0026] Furthermore, the phenyl group having the substituent has one or two substituents, and each substituent is independent The structure may consist of an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substitution. Alternatively, it is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms that forms a ring.

[0027] (5) In another aspect of the present invention, the first organic compound ETM contains sp3 carbon, The element forms bonds with other atoms in sp3 hybrid orbitals, and the sp3 carbon becomes the first organic compound ETM. The above-mentioned light-emitting device contains between 10% and 60% of the total carbon content.

[0028] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from the first layer. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light. As a result, it is superior in terms of convenience, usefulness, and reliability. This allows us to provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0029] (6) In addition, one aspect of the present invention provides the above-mentioned light-emitting device and a transistor or substrate. It is a light-emitting device.

[0030] (7) In addition, one aspect of the present invention provides the above-mentioned light-emitting device and a transistor or substrate. It is a display device.

[0031] (8) Another aspect of the present invention is a lighting device having the above-mentioned light-emitting device and a housing.

[0032] (9) Another aspect of the present invention is a display device, a sensor, an operation button, a speaker, and It is an electronic device that has a microphone.

[0033] In this specification, the term "light-emitting device" includes image display devices that use light-emitting devices. Also, connectors, such as anisotropic conductive film or TCP (Tape) may be attached to the light-emitting device. Module with Carrier Package attached, print to TCP A module equipped with a wiring board, or a light-emitting device, with COG (Chip On Glas Modules in which ICs (integrated circuits) are directly mounted using method s) may also be included as light-emitting devices. Yes, there are. Furthermore, lighting devices and the like may have light-emitting devices. [Effects of the Invention]

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, a novel light-emitting device with superior convenience, usefulness, or reliability is provided. It can be provided. Or, it can provide novel electronic devices that are superior in convenience, usefulness or reliability. It can be provided. Or, a novel display device that is superior in convenience, usefulness or reliability can be provided. It can be provided. Or, a novel lighting device with superior convenience, usefulness, or reliability can be provided. It can be provided. Or, a novel light-emitting device, a novel light-emitting apparatus, a novel electronic device, This allows us to provide novel display devices, novel lighting devices, or novel semiconductor devices.

[0035] Furthermore, the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. The embodiment does not necessarily have to have all of these effects. Furthermore, other effects are... This will become clear from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and the specification, drawings Furthermore, it is possible to extract other effects from the descriptions in the claims and other documents. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0036] [Figure 1] Figures 1(A) to 1(C) illustrate the configuration of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] Figures 2(A) and 2(B) illustrate the configuration of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a functional panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] Figures 4(A) to 4(C) illustrate the configuration of a functional panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] Figures 5(A) and (B) are conceptual diagrams of an active matrix type light-emitting device. [Figure 6] Figures 6(A) and (B) are conceptual diagrams of an active matrix type light-emitting device. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram of an active matrix type light-emitting device. [Figure 8] Figures 8(A) and (B) are conceptual diagrams of a passive matrix type light-emitting device. [Figure 9] Figures 9(A) and (B) are diagrams representing lighting devices. [Figure 10] Figures 10(A) through (D) are diagrams representing electronic devices. [Figure 11] Figures 11(A) through (C) are diagrams representing electronic devices. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a diagram representing a lighting device. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is a diagram representing a lighting device. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a diagram representing an in-vehicle display device and lighting system. [Figure 15] Figures 15(A) through (C) are diagrams representing electronic devices. [Figure 16] Figure 16 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment. [Figure 17] Figure 17 illustrates the emission spectrum of the luminescent material according to the example. [Figure 18]Figure 18 illustrates the wavelength-refractive index characteristics of the organic compound ETM according to the example. [Figure 19] Figure 19 illustrates the current density-luminance characteristics of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 20] Figure 20 illustrates the brightness-current efficiency characteristics of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 21] Figure 21 illustrates the voltage-luminance characteristics of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 22] Figure 22 illustrates the voltage-current characteristics of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 23] Figure 23 illustrates the luminance-blue index characteristics of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 24] Figure 24 illustrates the emission spectrum of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment. [Figure 25] Figure 25 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment. [Figure 26] Figure 26 illustrates the emission spectrum of the luminescent material according to the example. [Figure 27] Figure 27 illustrates the wavelength-refractive index and wavelength-reflectance characteristics of the material according to the example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0037] A light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer, and a second layer The second electrode has a region that overlaps with the first electrode, and the first layer has the first electrode and It comprises a region sandwiched between the second electrode, and the second layer is sandwiched between the first layer and the second electrode. It comprises a region. The first layer contains a light-emitting material, and the light-emitting material is photoluminescent. It emits light, and the photoluminescent light has a first spectrum, and the first spectrum is wave The peak is at length λ1, and the wavelength λ1 is in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm. The second layer contains the first organic compound ETM, and the first organic compound ETM has a wavelength λ1. For light, it has a first refractive index n1, and the first refractive index n1 is between 1.4 and 1.75. be.

[0038] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from the first layer. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light. As a result, it is superior in terms of convenience, usefulness, and reliability. This allows us to provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0039] Embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, its form and details may be modified in various ways. It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art to obtain this. Therefore, the present invention is as shown in the embodiments below. The description is not to be interpreted as being limited to the stated content. The same reference numeral is used in common across different drawings for parts that are identical or have similar functions. I will omit the explanation of that repetition.

[0040] (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, the configuration of a light-emitting device 150 according to one aspect of the present invention will be shown with reference to Figure 1. I'll explain while doing so.

[0041] Figure 1(A) is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 1(B) This describes the emission spectrum and wavelength-refractive index characteristics of a light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention. It is a characteristic of the present invention. Figure 1(C) is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. .

[0042] <Example configuration of light-emitting device 150 1> The light-emitting device 150 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit It has 103 and (see Figure 1(A)).

[0043] Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101, and unit 103 consists of electrode 101 and electrode 1 It includes a region sandwiched between 02.

[0044] <Example configuration of Unit 103 1> Unit 103 comprises layers 111 and 113. Unit 103 emits light EL1. It has the function to do so.

[0045] For example, select from functional layers such as light-emitting layers, hole transport layers, electron transport layers, and carrier block layers. The resulting layer can be used in unit 103. Furthermore, a hole injection layer, an electron injection layer, and an excitation layer can be used. A layer selected from functional layers such as the sub-block layer and the charge generation layer is used in unit 103. It is possible.

[0046] 《Example of Layer 111 Configuration 1》 Layer 111 includes a region sandwiched between electrodes 101 and 102.

[0047] For example, a light-emitting material can be used for layer 111. Layer 111 can also be called a light-emitting layer. This is possible. Furthermore, a configuration in which layer 111 is placed in the region where holes and electrons recombine is preferable. This allows the energy generated by carrier recombination to be efficiently converted into light and emitted. This is possible. Furthermore, a configuration in which layer 111 is positioned away from the metal used for electrodes, etc., is preferred. This makes it possible to suppress the quenching phenomenon caused by metals used in electrodes, etc.

[0048] [Example 1 of a luminescent material] Materials that emit photoluminescent light can be used as luminescent materials.

[0049] Furthermore, photoluminescent light has a spectrum φ1, and the spectrum φ1 is most at wavelength λ1. It exhibits a large peak (see Figure 1(B)). Furthermore, the wavelength λ1 is between 440 nm and 470 nm. It falls within this range. Photoluminescence of luminescent materials is, for example, when the luminescent material is placed in a solvent. It can be observed in a dissolved state. For example, dissolved in polar solvents, nonpolar solvents, or water. In this state, the photoluminescence of luminescent materials can be observed. Specifically Toluene, dichloromethane, acetonitrile, etc. can be used as solvents. Toluene can be suitably used in this case.

[0050] Examples of luminescent materials include 2,12-di(tert-butyl)-5,9-di(4- tert-butylphenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-5H,9H-[1,4]benzaz Borino[2,3,4-kl]phenazavolin-7-amine (abbreviation: DPhA-tBu4D) Materials having a diazabora-naphthanthracene skeleton such as ABNA, 3,10-bis[N -(dibenzofuran-3-yl)-N-phenylamino]naphtho[2,3-b;6,7- b'] Bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10FrA2Nbf(IV)-02), 3,10- Bis[N-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]na Futo[2,3-b;6,7-b']bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10PCA2Nbf( Materials having a naphthobenzofuran skeleton, such as those described in IV)-02), can be used.

[0051] [Example 2 of luminescent materials] Furthermore, luminescent materials emit photoluminescent light, and photoluminescent light is spectrally luminescent. It is equipped with a torque φ1 (see Figure 1(B)). Note that the spectrum φ1 is equipped with the full width at half maximum (FWHM). The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is between 10nm and 35nm.

[0052] Examples of luminescent materials include 2,12-di(tert-butyl)-5,9-di(4- tert-butylphenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-5H,9H-[1,4]benzaz Borino[2,3,4-kl]phenazavolin-7-amine (abbreviation: DPhA-tBu4D) Materials having a diazabora-naphthanthracene skeleton such as ABNA, 3,10-bis[N -(dibenzofuran-3-yl)-N-phenylamino]naphtho[2,3-b;6,7- b'] Bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10FrA2Nbf(IV)-02), 3,10- Bis[N-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]na Futo[2,3-b;6,7-b']bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10PCA2Nbf( Materials having a naphthobenzofuran skeleton, such as those described in IV)-02), can be used.

[0053] 《Example of Layer 111 Configuration 2》 Materials with carrier transport properties can be used as host materials. For example, materials with hole transport properties Materials possessing electron transport properties, materials having thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties Substances exhibiting Activated Delayed Fluorescence, Materials and mixed materials having a transene skeleton can be used as the host material. A material with a larger band gap than the luminescent material contained in layer 111 is used as the host material. A configuration used in this way is preferred. This allows excitons generated in layer 111 to be transferred to the host material. This can suppress energy transfer.

[0054] [Materials with hole transport properties] The hole mobility is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm 2 Materials with a value of / Vs or higher are converted into materials with hole transport properties. It can be used suitably.

[0055] For example, amine compounds or organic compounds having a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring skeleton are subjected to hole transport. It can be used in materials that have a transportable property. Specifically, compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton. Compounds having a carbazole skeleton, compounds having a thiophene skeleton, compounds having a furan skeleton Compounds such as those having an aromatic amine skeleton can be used. In particular, compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton or carba Compounds with a zole skeleton have good reliability and high hole transport properties, and the driving voltage This is preferable because it also contributes to reduction.

[0056] [Materials with electron transport properties] For example, an organic compound having a metal complex or a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton is used for electron transport. It can be used with materials that have the following properties.

[0057] Examples of organic compounds having a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton include, for example, a polyazole skeleton. Heterocyclic compounds having a diazine skeleton, heterocyclic compounds having a pyridine skeleton Compounds, heterocyclic compounds having a triazine skeleton, etc., can be used. In particular, diazine Heterocyclic compounds with a skeleton or heterocyclic compounds with a pyridine skeleton are reliable. It is preferable. Also, heterocyclic compounds having a diazine (pyrimidine or pyrazine) skeleton. This offers high electron transport efficiency and allows for a reduction in drive voltage.

[0058] [Materials containing an anthracene skeleton] Organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton can be used as host materials. In particular, luminescence When using a fluorescent material, organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton are preferred. This makes it possible to realize a light-emitting device with good luminous efficiency and durability. ru.

[0059] Organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton include diphenylanthracene skeletons, particularly 9, Organic compounds with a 10-diphenylanthracene skeleton are preferred because they are chemically stable. Furthermore, if the host material has a carbazole skeleton, the injection and transport of holes will be enhanced. It is preferable. In particular, when the host material contains a dibenzocarbazole skeleton, carbazole is preferable. Furthermore, the HOMO level becomes shallower by about 0.1 eV, making it easier for holes to enter, and also improving hole transport. It is also excellent and has high heat resistance, making it suitable. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of hole injection and transport, Instead of the zole skeleton, a benzofluorene skeleton or a dibenzofluorene skeleton may be used. stomach.

[0060] Therefore, it has both a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a carbazole skeleton. The substance contains both a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a benzocarbazole skeleton. The substance combines a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a dibenzocarbazole skeleton. The substance contained therein is preferred as a host material.

[0061] [Substances exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)] TADF material can be used as the host material. The triplet excitation energy generated with TADF material is converted to singlet excitation energy by reverse intersystem crossing. It can be converted into energy. Furthermore, the excitation energy can be transferred to the light-emitting material. In other words, the TADF material functions as an energy donor, and the light-emitting material provides energy - It functions as an acceptor. This allows for increased luminescence efficiency of the light-emitting device. Cut.

[0062] [Example of mixed material composition 1] Furthermore, a material made by mixing multiple types of substances can be used as the host material. For example, electron Materials with transport properties and materials with hole transport properties can be used in a mixed material. The weight ratio of hole-transporting material to electron-transporting material contained in the material is related to hole transport. The ratio of materials with electron transport properties to materials with electron transport properties should be 1:19 to 19:1. Furthermore, the carrier transport properties of layer 111 can be easily adjusted. Also, control of the recombination region. It can also be done easily.

[0063] 《Example of Layer 113 Configuration 1》 Layer 113 comprises a region sandwiched between layer 111 and electrode 102.

[0064] For example, materials with electron transport properties, materials with an anthracene skeleton, and mixed materials, It can be used in layer 113. Furthermore, layer 113 can be referred to as the electron transport layer. A material having a larger band gap than the luminescent material contained in layer 111 is placed in layer 113. A configuration used in this is preferable. This allows the excitons generated in layer 111 to reach layer 113. Energy transfer can be suppressed.

[0065] [Materials with electron transport properties] For example, an organic compound having a metal complex or a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton is used for electron transport. It can be used with materials that have the following properties.

[0066] Under the condition that the square root of the electric field strength [V / cm] is 600, the electron mobility is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 cm 2 / Vs or more, 5×10 -5 cm 2 Materials with a Vs of / or less are considered to have electron transport properties. It can be suitably used in materials. This suppresses electron transport in the electron transport layer. It is possible to control the amount of electrons injected into the light-emitting layer. Alternatively, This prevents the photolayer from becoming electron-rich.

[0067] Examples of organic compounds having a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton include, for example, a polyazole skeleton. Heterocyclic compounds having a diazine skeleton, heterocyclic compounds having a pyridine skeleton Compounds, heterocyclic compounds having a triazine skeleton, etc., can be used. In particular, diazine Heterocyclic compounds with a skeleton or heterocyclic compounds with a pyridine skeleton are reliable. It is preferable. Also, heterocyclic compounds having a diazine (pyrimidine or pyrazine) skeleton. This offers high electron transport efficiency and allows for a reduction in drive voltage.

[0068] [Materials containing an anthracene skeleton] Organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton can be used in layer 113. In particular, anthracene Organic compounds containing both a helical skeleton and a heterocyclic skeleton can be suitably used.

[0069] For example, organic compounds containing both an anthracene skeleton and a nitrogen-containing five-membered ring skeleton can be used. It is possible to use both a nitrogen-containing five-membered ring skeleton containing two complex atoms in the ring and an anthracene skeleton. Organic compounds containing pyrazole rings, imidazole rings, etc. can be used. Specifically, pyrazole rings, imidazole rings, etc. Xazole rings, thiazole rings, etc., can be suitably used in the heterocyclic skeleton.

[0070] For example, organic compounds containing both an anthracene skeleton and a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring skeleton can be used. It is possible to use both a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring skeleton containing two complex atoms in the ring and an anthracene skeleton. Organic compounds containing pyrazine rings, pyrimidine rings, pyrida can be used. Specifically, pyrazine rings, pyrimidine rings, pyrida A zinc ring or the like can be suitably used in the heterocyclic skeleton.

[0071] [Example of mixed material composition] Furthermore, a material made by mixing multiple types of substances can be used in layer 113. Specifically, A A material containing alkali metal, alkali metal compound, or alkali metal complex, and an electron-transporting substance. A mixed material containing H can be used in layer 113. It is more preferable that the OMO level is -6.0 eV or higher.

[0072] Furthermore, in combination with a configuration in which a composite material is used in layer 104, the mixed material is suitable for layer 113. It can be used in applications such as a material having acceptor properties and a material having hole transport properties. A composite material can be used in layer 104. Specifically, a material having acceptor properties, A substance having a relatively deep HOMO level HOMO1 between -5.7eV and -5.4eV The composite material can be used in layer 104 (see Figure 1(C)). By combining this with a configuration in which layer 104 is used, and by using the mixed material in layer 113, This can improve the reliability of light-emitting devices.

[0073] Furthermore, in a configuration in which the mixed material is used in layer 113 and the composite material is used in layer 104, It is preferable to combine this with a configuration in which a material having hole transport properties is used for layer 112. For example, For the relatively deep HOMO level HOMO1 mentioned above, in the range of -0.2eV to 0eV A material having the HOMO level HOMO2 can be used in layer 112 (see Figure 1(C)). (Illumination). This can improve the reliability of light-emitting devices.

[0074] Alkali metals, alkali metal compounds, or alkali metal complexes are present in the thickness direction of layer 113. A configuration in which there is a concentration difference (including cases where it is 0) is preferred.

[0075] For example, a metal complex containing an 8-hydroxyquinolinate structure can be used. - Methyl-substituted metal complexes containing a hydroxyquinolinate structure (e.g., 2-methyl-substituted) Alternatively, 5-methyl substituted derivatives can also be used.

[0076] Metal complexes containing the 8-hydroxyquinolinate structure include 8-hydroxyquinolinate Thium (abbreviated as Liq), 8-hydroxyquinolinato-sodium (abbreviated as Naq), etc. It can be used. In particular, monovalent metal ion complexes, especially lithium complexes, are preferred. Liq is more preferable.

[0077] 《Example of Layer 113 Configuration 2》 Layer 113 contains the organic compound ETM. The organic compound ETM is for light having wavelength λ1. It has a refractive index n1, and the refractive index n1 is between 1.4 and 1.75 (see Figure 1(B)). .

[0078] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from layer 111. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light. As a result, it is superior in terms of convenience, usefulness, and reliability. This allows us to provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0079] Furthermore, when a reflective metal such as silver is used for the electrode 102, the electrode The reflectivity can be increased by 102. As a result, it offers superior convenience, usefulness, or reliability. We can provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0080] Furthermore, when the reflectivity of electrode 102 is high, the emission spectrum has a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM). If a light-emitting material having the function of emitting light is used in layer 111, then the light emitted from layer 111 Light can be extracted efficiently.

[0081] Therefore, layer 111 emits light with a narrow emission spectrum having a full width at half maximum (FWHM). The material has light-emitting properties, and the layer 113 contains an organic compound with a low refractive index, It is possible to provide light-emitting devices with high light efficiency. Also, generally speaking, organic compounds are red. Because the refractive index is high in the blue wavelength range, the refractive index in the blue wavelength range is By using low-grade organic compounds in layer 113, blue light can be extracted efficiently, particularly It is useful for that purpose.

[0082] [Example 1 of organic compound ETM] As for organic compound ETMs, they are common in the blue emission region (455nm to 465nm). A refractive index of 1.50 to 1.75, or 633 nm, which is commonly used for measuring refractive index. A material with an ordinary refractive index of 1.45 to 1.70 in light should be used.

[0083] Furthermore, if anisotropy occurs in the material, the refractive index for ordinary light and the refractive index for extraordinary light will be different. This can happen. If the thin film being measured is in such a state, anisotropy analysis can be performed. By separating the refractive index into ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices, the refractive index of each can be calculated. In the specification, if the measured material has both an ordinary refractive index and an extraordinary refractive index, The refractive index of light is used as an indicator.

[0084] One example of an organic compound ETM is a six-membered heteroaromatic ring containing one to three nitrogen atoms. It has at least one aromatic hydrocarbon ring with 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming a ring, At least two of the multiple aromatic hydrocarbon rings are benzene rings, and they have sp3 hybrid orbitals. Examples include organic compounds having multiple hydrocarbon groups that form bonds.

[0085] Furthermore, such organic compounds have sp3 hybridization relative to the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Preferably, the proportion of carbon atoms forming bonds in the orbitals is between 10% and 60%. It is more preferable that the concentration is between 10% and 50%. Alternatively, such an organic compound may be 1 H -Integrated signal value of less than 4 ppm obtained by NMR measurement of the organic compound in question However, it is preferable that the integral value is at least half the integral value of a signal of 4 ppm or higher.

[0086] Furthermore, the hydrocarbon groups that form bonds in all sp3 hybrid orbitals of the organic compound in question. It is bonded to the aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms that forms the above ring, and its aromatic carbonization It is preferable that the LUMO of the organic compound is not distributed in the hydrogen ring.

[0087] [Example 2 of organic compound ETM] For example, the following general formula (G e1 The organic compound represented in 1) is used in the organic compound ETM. It is possible.

[0088] [ka]

[0089] In the formula, A represents a six-membered heteroaromatic ring containing 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, such as a pyridine ring or a pyrimidine ring. A pyrazine ring, a pyridazine ring, or a triazine ring is preferred.

[0090] Also, R 200 These are hydrogen, alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and alicyclic groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. or formula (G e1 It represents any of the substituents represented in 1-1).

[0091] R 201 ~R 215 At least one of them is a substituted phenyl group, and the others are each a phenyl group. In addition, hydrogen, C1 to C6 alkyl groups, C3 to C10 alicyclic groups, substitution or no substitution. Aromatic hydrocarbon groups with 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming a substituted ring, substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl It represents either the R group or the R group. 201 , R 203 , R 205 , R 206 , R 208 , R 210 , R 211 , R 213 and R 215 The substituent is preferably hydrogen. A phenyl group having one or two substituents, each substituent independently having a carbon number Forms 1 to 6 alkyl groups, 3 to 10 alicyclic groups, and substituted or unsubstituted rings. It is one of the aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.

[0092] Note that the above general formula (G e1 1) The organic compound represented by the above is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It has multiple hydrocarbon groups selected from alicyclic groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule The proportion of the total number of carbon atoms forming bonds with sp3 hybrid orbitals is between 10% and 60%. That is the case.

[0093] [Example 3 of organic compound ETM] For example, the following general formula (G e1 The organic compound represented in 2) is used in the organic compound ETM. It is possible.

[0094] [ka]

[0095] In the general formula above, Q 1 ~Q 3 Two or three of them are nitrogen atoms, Q 1 ~Q 3 of If 2 of the atoms is a nitrogen atom, then 1 represents CH.

[0096] R 201 ~R 215 At least one of them is a phenyl group having a substituent, R 201 No To R 215 Other than these, each is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic carbons with 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming substituted or unsubstituted rings It represents either a hydrogen group or a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl group.

[0097] A phenyl group with substituents has one or two substituents, each substituent independently of a carbon Alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or substituted or unsubstituted groups. These are aromatic hydrocarbon groups with 6 to 14 carbon atoms that form a substituted ring.

[0098] [Example 4 of organic compound ETM] Also, for example, the general formula (G e1 2) Among the organic compounds represented by the above, the organic compounds contained in the said organic compound Organic compounds in which 10% to 60% of all carbon atoms are sp3 carbons are considered organic compounds. It can be used in ETM. Note that sp3 carbon is bonded to other atoms via sp3 hybrid orbitals. It is the carbon that forms it.

[0099] Also, the above general formula (G e1 1) or (G e1 In the organic compound represented in 2), substitution A phenyl group having a group is given by the following formula (G e1 It is preferable that the group is represented by 1-2).

[0100] [ka]

[0101] In the formula, α represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, and is a meta-substituted phenylene group. This is preferable. Also, if the meta-substituted phenylene group has one substituent, the substituent It is preferable that the substituent is also substituted at the meta position. The substituent may be a C1 to C6 atom. It is preferably a lucyl group or an alicyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It is more preferably an alkyl group, and even more preferably a t-butyl group.

[0102] R 220 These are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alicyclic groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or substituted groups. Alternatively, it represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group with 6 to 14 carbon atoms that forms an unsubstituted ring.

[0103] Furthermore, j and k represent 1 to 2. Note that when j is 2, multiple α are the same but different. It is also acceptable to have multiple R 220 They can be the same or different. Yes. Also, R 220 It is preferably a phenyl group, and one or both of the two meta positions. A phenyl having an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms. It is more preferable that the phenyl group is at one or both of the two meta positions. The substituents are more preferably C1 to C6 alkyl groups, and t-butyl groups It is even more preferable that this be the case.

[0104] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from layer 111. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light. As a result, it is superior in terms of convenience, usefulness, and reliability. This allows us to provide novel light-emitting devices.

[0105] <Example configuration of electrode 102> Conductive materials can be used for electrode 102. Specifically, metals, alloys, conductive compounds Materials and mixtures thereof can be used in electrode 102. For example, electrode 101 A material with a smaller work function can be suitably used for electrode 102. Specifically, Materials with a function of 3.8 eV or less are preferred.

[0106] For example, silver (Ag) or a silver-containing alloy (such as MgAg) can be used for electrode 102. can.

[0107] This allows for efficient extraction of light emitted from layer 111. Alternatively, blue It can efficiently extract colored light, or, more precisely, efficiently extract highly saturated light. This can be done. Alternatively, a micro-resonator structure can be constructed using layer 113 and electrode 102. This can be done. Alternatively, by using a micro-resonator structure, the spectrum width of the emitted light can be narrowed. This is possible. Alternatively, light can be utilized with high efficiency even by using a micro-resonator structure. As a result, it is possible to provide novel light-emitting devices that are superior in convenience, usefulness, or reliability. Cut.

[0108] <Example configuration of Unit 103 2> Unit 103 comprises layer 112. Layer 112 is sandwiched between electrode 101 and layer 111. It includes a region (see Figure 1(A)).

[0109] Example of Layer 112 configuration For example, a material having hole transport properties can be used for layer 112. This can be called a hole transport layer. Note that the luminescent material contained in layer 111 is larger than the vanes. A configuration in which a material with a gap is used for layer 112 is preferable. This allows layer 111 to Energy transfer from excitons generated in this state to layer 112 can be suppressed.

[0110] [Materials with hole transport properties] The hole mobility is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm 2 Materials with a value of / Vs or higher are converted into materials with hole transport properties. It can be used suitably.

[0111] For example, amine compounds or organic compounds having a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring skeleton are subjected to hole transport. It can be used in materials that have a transportable property. Specifically, compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton. Compounds having a carbazole skeleton, compounds having a thiophene skeleton, compounds having a furan skeleton Compounds such as those having an aromatic amine skeleton can be used. In particular, compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton or carba Compounds with a zole skeleton have good reliability and high hole transport properties, and the driving voltage This is preferable because it also contributes to reduction.

[0112] Examples of compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton include 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl [N-phenylamino]biphenyl (abbreviation: NPB), N,N'-bis(3-methyl) Phenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine( Abbreviation: TPD), 4,4'-bis[N-(spiro-9,9'-bifluoren-2-yl) -N-phenylamino]biphenyl (abbreviation: BSPB), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenyl Phenylfluoren-9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BPAFLP), 4-phenyl Lu-3'-(9-phenylfluoren-9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: mBPA) FLP), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)tri Phenylamine (abbreviation: PCBA1BP), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(9-phenyl Nyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBBi1BP) , 4-(1-naphthyl)-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)tri Phenylamine (abbreviation: PCBANB), 4,4'-di(1-naphthyl)-4''-(9 -phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBNBB) ), 9,9-dimethyl-N-phenyl-N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole -3-yl)phenyl]fluoren-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBAF), N-phenyl- N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)phenyl]spiro-9,9 '-Bifluoren-2-amine (abbreviated as PCBASF), etc., can be used.

[0113] Examples of compounds having a carbazole skeleton include 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl) Benzene (abbreviation: mCP), 4,4'-di(N-carbazolyl)biphenyl (abbreviation: CB) P), 3,6-bis(3,5-diphenylphenyl)-9-phenylcarbazole (abbreviation) :CzTP), 3,3'-bis(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole) (abbreviation: PCCP) ), etc. can be used.

[0114] Examples of compounds having a thiophene skeleton include 4,4',4''-(benzene-1, 3,5-triyl)tri(dibenzothiophene) (abbreviation: DBT3P-II), 2,8- Diphenyl-4-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phenyl]diphenyl-4-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phenyl]diphenyl Nzothiophene (abbreviation: DBTFLP-III), 4-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-phenyl Luolen-9-yl)phenyl]-6-phenyldibenzothiophene (abbreviation: DBTFL) P-IV), etc., can be used.

[0115] Examples of compounds having a furan skeleton include 4,4',4''-(benzene-1,3, 5-triyl)tri(dibenzofuran) (abbreviation: DBF3P-II), 4-{3-[3- (9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phenyl]phenyl}dibenzofuran ( Abbreviations such as mmDBFFLBi-II can be used.

[0116] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0117] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, the configuration of the light-emitting device 150 according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 while.

[0118] <Configuration Example of Light-Emitting Device 150> The light-emitting device 150 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit 103, and a layer 104. The electrode 102 includes a region overlapping the electrode 101, and the unit 103 includes a region sandwiched between the electrode 101 and the electrode 102. Further, the layer 10 4 includes a region sandwiched between the electrode 101 and the unit 103. For example, the configuration described in Embodiment 1 can be used for the unit 103.

[0119] <Configuration Example of Electrode 101> For example, a conductive material can be used for the electrode 101. Specifically, a metal, an alloy, a conductive compound, and a mixture thereof can be used for the electrode 101. For example, 4. A material having a work function of 0 eV or more can be preferably used.

[0120] For example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin oxide containing silicon or silicon oxide, indium zinc oxide oxide, indium oxide containing tungsten and zinc oxide (IWZO), etc. can be used for this.

[0121] Also, for example, gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), or a nitride of a metal material (e.g., titanium nitride) can be used for this. ​Alternatively, graphene can be used.

[0122] Example of Layer 104 configuration For example, a material having hole injection properties can be used for layer 104. This can be called a hole injection layer.

[0123] Specifically, a material having acceptor properties can be used in layer 104. Or, A composite material consisting of a substance with xepta properties and a material with hole transport properties is used in layer 104. This makes it possible to inject holes, for example, from electrode 101. This is possible. Alternatively, the driving voltage of the light-emitting device can be reduced.

[0124] [Substances with acceptability] Organic and inorganic compounds can be used as acceptor substances. A septate material, when an electric field is applied, can cause the adjacent hole transport layer or hole transport properties to change. It can extract electrons from materials it possesses.

[0125] For example, a compound having an electron-withdrawing group (halogen group or cyano group) has acceptor properties. It can be used in substances that have acceptor properties. It is easy to deposit thin films. This can increase the productivity of light-emitting devices.

[0126] Specifically, 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroquinodyne Tan (abbreviation: F4-TCNQ), chloranyl, 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexasia No-1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (abbreviation: HAT-CN), 1 ,3,4,5,7,8-Hexafluorotetracyano-naphthoquinodimethane (abbreviation: F6) -TCNNQ), 2-(7-dicyanomethylene-1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10-o You can use kutafluoro-7H-pyrene-2-ylidene)malononitrile, etc. .

[0127] In particular, electron-withdrawing groups are bonded to condensed aromatic rings that have multiple complex atoms, such as HAT-CN. The compound is preferably thermally stable.

[0128] Furthermore, they may have electron-withdrawing groups (especially halogen groups such as fluoro groups or cyano groups) [3] Radialene derivatives are preferred because they have very high electron-accepting properties.

[0129] Specifically, α,α',α''-1,2,3-cyclopropanetriylidentris[4- [Cyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzeneacetonitrile], α,α',α'' -1,2,3-cyclopropanetriylidentris[2,6-dichloro-3,5-diflu] Oro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneacetonitrile], α,α',α''-1, 2,3-Cyclopropanetriylidenates[2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobene Zenacetonitrile, etc., can be used.

[0130] Also, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, ruthenium oxide, tungsten oxide, Manganese oxides and the like can be used as acceptor substances.

[0131] Also, phthalocyanines such as phthalocyanine (abbreviated as H2Pc) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) Anine-based complex compounds, 4,4'-bis[N-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-N- Phenylamino]biphenyl (abbreviation: DPAB), N,N'-bis{4-[bis(3-methyl) {[phenyl(phenylamino)phenyl]-N,N'-diphenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)} Compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton such as -4,4'-diamine (abbreviation: DNTPD) can be used.

[0132] In addition, polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT / PSS) can be used.

[0133] [Composite Material Composition Example 1] In addition, a material obtained by compounding a plurality of substances can be used as a material having hole injection properties. For example, a substance having acceptor properties and a material having hole transport properties can be used in the composite material. As a result, not only materials with a large work function but also materials with a small work function can be used for electrode 101. Alternatively, regardless of the work function, materials for electrode 101 can be selected from a wide range of materials.

[0134] For example, compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton, carbazole derivatives, aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons having a vinyl group, polymer compounds (oligomers, dendrimers, polymers, etc.) can be used as materials having hole transport properties in the composite material. In addition, materials with a hole mobility of 1×10 cm / Vs or more can be preferably used as materials having hole transport properties in the composite material. -6 cm 2

[0135] In addition, substances having a relatively deep HOMO level can be preferably used as materials having hole transport properties in the composite material. Specifically, it is preferable that the HOMO level is -5.7 eV or more and -5.4 eV or less. This facilitates the injection of holes into unit 103. ​​​​​​​​​ This allows for the injection of holes into layer 112. Alternatively, a light-emitting device can be used. This can improve the reliability of the system.

[0136] Examples of compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton include N,N'-di(p-tolyl)-N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (abbreviation: DTDPPA), 4,4'-bis[ N-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (abbreviation: DP) AB), N,N'-bis{4-[bis(3-methylphenyl)amino]phenyl}-N, N'-diphenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (abbreviation: DNTPD) ), 1,3,5-Tris[N-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-N-phenylamino Benzene (abbreviation: DPA3B), etc., can be used.

[0137] Examples of carbazole derivatives include 3-[N-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-I] [Phenylamino]-9-phenylcarbazole (abbreviation: PCzPCA1), 3 ,6-bis[N-(9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)-N-phenylamino]-9 -Phenylcarbazole (abbreviation: PCzPCA2), 3-[N-(1-naphthyl)-N- (9-phenylcarbazole-3-yl)amino]-9-phenylcarbazole (abbreviation: PCzPCN1), 4,4'-di(N-carbazolyl)biphenyl (abbreviation: CBP), 1 ,3,5-Tris[4-(N-carbazolyl)phenyl]benzene (abbreviation: TCPB), 9-[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthracenyl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole ( Abbreviation: CzPA), 1,4-bis[4-(N-carbazolyl)phenyl]-2,3,5, 6-tetraphenylbenzene, etc., can be used.

[0138] Examples of aromatic hydrocarbons include 2-tert-butyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl). ) Anthracene (abbreviation: t-BuDNA), 2-tert-butyl-9,10-di(1- Naphthyl)anthracene, 9,10-bis(3,5-diphenylphenyl)anthracene (Abbreviation: DPPA), 2-tert-butyl-9,10-bis(4-phenylphenyl) Anthracene (abbreviation: t-BuDBA), 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene ( Abbreviations: DNA), 9,10-diphenylanthracene (abbreviations: DPAnth), 2-te rt-butylanthracene (abbreviation: t-BuAnth), 9,10-bis(4-methyl- 1-Naphthyl)anthracene (abbreviation: DMNA), 2-tert-butyl-9,10-butyl Su[2-(1-naphthyl)phenyl]anthracene, 9,10-bis[2-(1-naphthyl] Phenyl anthracene, 2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-9,10-di(1-naph (Tyl)anthracene, 2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl) Ntracene, 9,9'-biantryl, 10,10'-diphenyl-9,9'-biant Lil, 10,10'-bis(2-phenylphenyl)-9,9'-biantrill, 10, 10'-Bis[(2,3,4,5,6-pentaphenyl)phenyl]-9,9'-bian Trill, anthracene, tetracene, rubrene, perylene, 2,5,8,11-tetra( Tert-butyl)perylene, pentacene, coronene, etc. can be used.

[0139] Examples of aromatic hydrocarbons having a vinyl group include 4,4'-bis(2,2-diph (Phenyl vinyl) biphenyl (abbreviation: DPVBi), 9,10-bis[4-(2,2-diphenyl) [Phenylvinyl]phenyl]anthracene (abbreviated as DPVPA), etc., can be used. .

[0140] Examples of polymer compounds include poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (abbreviation: PVK), Li(4-vinyltriphenylamine) (abbreviation: PVTPA), poly[N-(4-{N'- [4-(4-diphenylamino)phenyl]phenyl-N'-phenylamino}phenyl )methacrylamide] (abbreviation: PTPDMA), poly[N,N'-bis(4-butylphenyl)] Using [Nyl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine (abbreviation: Poly-TPD), etc. It is possible to be there.

[0141] Also, for example, the carbazole skeleton, the dibenzofuran skeleton, the dibenzothiophene skeleton and Materials comprising any of the anthracene skeletons are suitable for use as hole-transporting materials in composite materials. It can be used for this purpose. Also, substitutions containing a dibenzofuran ring or a dibenzothiophene ring. Aromatic amines having a group, aromatic monoamines having a naphthalene ring, or 9-fluorescein. A substance comprising an aromatic monoamine in which a nyl group is bonded to the nitrogen of the amine via an arylene group. It can be used in composite materials that have hole transport properties. Using a substance containing a biphenyl-amino group can improve the reliability of light-emitting devices. can.

[0142] Examples of these materials include N-(4-biphenyl)-6,N-diphenylbenzo[ b)Naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (abbreviation: BnfABP), N,N-bis( 4-biphenyl)-6-phenylbenzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (Abbreviation: BBABnf), 4,4'-bis(6-phenylbenzo[b]naphtho[1,2- d]Fran-8-yl)-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BnfBB1B) P), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan-6- Amine (abbreviation: BBABnf(6)), N,N-bis(4-biphenyl)benzo[b]na Phtho[1,2-d]furan-8-amine (abbreviation: BBABnf(8)), N,N-bis( 4-biphenyl)benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]furan-4-amine (abbreviation: BBA) Bnf(II)(4)), N,N-bis[4-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)phenyl] -4-amino-p-terphenyl (abbreviation: DBfBB1TP), N-[4-(dibenzothi Offen-4-yl)phenyl]-N-phenyl-4-biphenylamine (abbreviation: ThB) A1BP), 4-(2-naphthyl)-4',4''-diphenyltriphenylamine (abbreviated) Name: BBAβNB), 4-[4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4',4''-diphenyl 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(6 ;1'-Binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAαNβNB), 4, 4'-Diphenyl-4''-(7;1'-Binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine ( Abbreviation: BBAαNβNB-03), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(7-phenyl)na Phthyl-2-yltriphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAPβNB-03), 4,4'-diph Phenyl-4''-(6;2'-binaphthyl-2-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BB) A(βN2)B), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(7;2'-binaphthyl-2-yl) ) Triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBA(βN2)B-03), 4,4'-diphenyl-4 ''-(4;2'-binaphthyl-1-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BBAβNαN) B) 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-(5;2'-binaphthyl-1-yl)triphenyl Luamine (abbreviation: BBAβNαNB-02), 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4'-(2- Naphthyl)-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: TPBiAβNB), 4-( 3-biphenylyl)-4'-[4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4''-phenyltri Phenylamine (abbreviation: mTPBiAβNBi), 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4'-[ 4-(2-naphthyl)phenyl]-4''-phenyltriphenylamine (abbreviation: TPB) iAβNBi), 4-phenyl-4'-(1-naphthyl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: α NBA1BP), 4,4'-bis(1-naphthyl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: αNBB) 1BP), 4,4'-diphenyl-4''-[4'-(carbazole-9-yl)bife Nyl-4-yl]triphenylamine (abbreviation: YGTBi1BP), 4'-[4-(3- Phenyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl]tris(1,1'-biphenyl- 4-yl)amine (abbreviation: YGTBi1BP-02), 4-[4'-(carbazole-9 -yl)biphenyl-4-yl]-4'-(2-naphthyl)-4''-phenyltriphen Nylamine (abbreviation: YGTBiβNB), N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazo [Lu-3-yl)phenyl]-N-[4-(1-naphthyl)phenyl]-9,9'-spiron Bi[9H-fluorene]-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBNBSF), N,N-bis([1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9'-spirobio[9H-fluorene]-2-amine N (abbreviation: BBASF), N,N-bis([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9, 9'-Spirobi[9H-Fluorene]-4-amine (abbreviation: BBASF(4)), N-( 1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2- Il)-9,9'-spirobi(9H-fluorene)-4-amine (abbreviation: oFBiSF) N-(4-biphenyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)di Benzofuran-4-amine (abbreviation: FrBiF), N-[4-(1-naphthyl)phenyl ]-N-[3-(6-phenyldibenzofuran-4-yl)phenyl]-1-naphthyl Mine (abbreviation: mPDBfBNBN), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenylfluorene- 9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: BPAFLP), 4-phenyl-3'-(9-f Phenylfluoren-9-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: mBPAFLP), 4-Fe Nyl-4'-[4-(9-phenylfluoren-9-yl)phenyl]triphenylamine (Abbreviation: BPAFLBi), 4-phenyl-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazo Lu-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBA1BP), 4,4'-diphenyl- 4''-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBBi1BP), 4-(1-naphthyl)-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol) (Lu-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: PCBANB), 4,4'-di(1-naphthyl (Lu)-4''-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine( Abbreviation: PCBNBB), N-phenyl-N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole] -3-yl)phenyl]spiro-9,9'-bifluoren-2-amine (abbreviation: PCBA) SF), N-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-N-[4-(9-phenyl-9H- Carbazole-3-yl)phenyl]-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine N,N-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene-2- Il)-9,9'-spirobio-9H-fluoren-4-amine, N,N-bis(9,9- Dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-9,9'-spirobio-9H-fluoren-3 -amine, N,N-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-9,9' -Spirobi-9H-fluoren-2-amine, N,N-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H- Fluoren-2-yl)-9,9'-spirobio-9H-fluoren-1-amine, etc. It is possible to be there.

[0143] [Example of composite material composition 2] For example, a substance with acceptor properties, a material with hole transport properties, and alkali metal fluoride A composite material containing a fluoride of an alkaline earth metal or an alkaline earth metal, having hole-injectable properties. It can be used in composite materials in which fluorine atoms make up 20% or more of the atomic ratio. The material can be used suitably. This makes it possible to lower the refractive index of layer 104. Alternatively, a layer with a low refractive index can be formed inside the light-emitting device. This can improve the external quantum efficiency of the device.

[0144] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0145] (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, the configuration of a light-emitting device 150 according to one aspect of the present invention will be shown with reference to Figure 1. I'll explain while doing so.

[0146] <Example configuration of light-emitting device 150> The light-emitting device 150 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit It has 103 and layer 105. Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101, and The 103 includes a region sandwiched between electrodes 101 and 102. Also, layer 10 5 comprises a region sandwiched between unit 103 and electrode 102. The configuration described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is used in Unit 103. can.

[0147] <Example configuration of electrode 102> For example, conductive materials can be used for electrode 102. Specifically, metals, alloys, conductive materials... Chemical compounds and mixtures thereof can be used in electrode 102. For example, electrode Materials with a work function smaller than 101 can be suitably used for electrode 102. Specifically, Materials with a work function of 3.8 eV or less are preferred.

[0148] For example, elements belonging to Group 1 of the periodic table, elements belonging to Group 2 of the periodic table, rare earth metals The group and alloys containing them can be used in electrode 102.

[0149] Specifically, lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), magnesium (Mg), calcium Calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), europium (Eu), ytterbium (Yb) ) and alloys containing these (MgAg, AlLi) can be used for electrode 102. ru.

[0150] Example of Layer 105 configuration For example, an electron-injection material can be used for layer 105. This can be called an electron injection layer.

[0151] Specifically, a substance having donor properties can be used in layer 105. Or, donor A composite material consisting of a substance having electron transport properties and a material having electron transport properties can be used in layer 105. Alternatively, an electride can be used in layer 105. This allows electrons to For example, it can be made easier to inject from electrode 102. Or, a material with a small work function. In addition to the material itself, materials with a large work function can be used for electrode 102. Regardless of the function, the material to be used for electrode 102 can be selected from a wide range of materials. In particular, indium oxide containing Al, Ag, ITO, silicon, or silicon oxide Tin or the like can be used for electrode 102. Alternatively, the driving voltage of the light-emitting device can be reduced. It can be done.

[0152] [Substances with donor properties] For example, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, or compounds thereof (oxides, Halides, carbonates, etc. can be used as donor substances. Alternatively, Organic compounds such as tratianaphthacene (abbreviation: TTN), nickerosene, and decamethylnickerosene. The compound can also be used as a donor substance.

[0153] Alkali metal compounds (including oxides, halides, and carbonates) include lithium oxide. Lithium fluoride (LiF), cesium fluoride (CsF), lithium carbonate, cesium carbonate, 8-Hydroxyquinolinatolithium (abbreviated as Liq), etc., can be used.

[0154] Alkaline earth metal compounds (including oxides, halides, and carbonates) include calcium fluoride. Cium (CaF2), etc., can be used.

[0155] [Example of composite material composition 1] Furthermore, materials composed of multiple types of substances can be used as materials with electron injection properties. For example, a material with donor properties and a material with electron transport properties can be used in a composite material. Cut.

[0156] [Materials with electron transport properties] For example, an organic compound having a metal complex or a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton is used for electron transport. It can be used with materials that have the following properties.

[0157] Under the condition that the square root of the electric field strength [V / cm] is 600, the electron mobility is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 cm 2 / Vs or more, 5×10 -5 cm 2 Materials with a Vs of / or less are considered to have electron transport properties. It can be suitably used in materials. This suppresses electron transport in the electron transport layer. It is possible to control the amount of electrons injected into the light-emitting layer. Alternatively, This prevents the photolayer from becoming electron-rich.

[0158] Examples of metal complexes include bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryl Mu(II) (abbreviation: BeBq2), bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate)(4-pheny Luphenolate (aluminum(III)) (abbreviation: BAlq), bis(8-quinolinolate) Zinc(II) (abbreviation: Znq), bis[2-(2-benzoxazolyl)phenolate] Lead(II) (abbreviation: ZnPBO), bis[2-(2-benzothiazolyl)phenolate] Lead(II) (abbreviated as ZnBTZ), etc., can be used.

[0159] Examples of organic compounds having a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring skeleton include, for example, a polyazole skeleton. Heterocyclic compounds having a diazine skeleton, heterocyclic compounds having a pyridine skeleton Compounds, heterocyclic compounds having a triazine skeleton, etc., can be used. In particular, diazine Heterocyclic compounds with a skeleton or heterocyclic compounds with a pyridine skeleton are reliable. It is preferable. Also, heterocyclic compounds having a diazine (pyrimidine or pyrazine) skeleton. This offers high electron transport efficiency and allows for a reduction in drive voltage.

[0160] Examples of heterocyclic compounds having a polyazole skeleton include 2-(4-biphenylyl)- 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (abbreviation: PBD) ), 3-(4-biphenylyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole (abbreviation: TAZ), 1,3-bis[5-(p-tert-br [Tylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]benzene (abbreviation: OXD- 7) 9-[4-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)phenyl ]-9H-carbazole (abbreviation: CO11), 2,2',2''-(1,3,5-bence Tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzoimidazole) (abbreviation: TPBI), 2-[3-(dibenzothiophen-4-yl)phenyl]-1-phenyl-1H-benzo Imidazole (abbreviated as mDBTBIm-II), etc., can be used.

[0161] Examples of heterocyclic compounds having a diazine skeleton include 2-[3-(dibenzothiophene). -4-yl)phenyl]dibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline (abbreviation: 2mDBTPDBq- II) 2-[3'-(dibenzothiophen-4-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]diben Zo[f,h]quinoxaline (abbreviation: 2mDBTBPDBq-II), 2-[3'-(9H -Carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]dibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline ( Abbreviation: 2mCzBPDBq), 4,6-bis[3-(phenanthrene-9-yl)pheni [Lu]pyrimidine (abbreviation: 4,6mPnP2Pm), 4,6-bis[3-(4-dibenzothin Enyl)phenyl]pyrimidine (abbreviation: 4,6mDBTP2Pm-II), 4,8-bis [3-(dibenzothiophen-4-yl)phenyl]benzo[h]quinazoline (abbreviation: 4 ,8mDBtP2Bqn), etc. can be used.

[0162] Examples of heterocyclic compounds having a pyridine skeleton include 3,5-bis[3-(9H-cal Bazole-9-yl)phenyl]pyridine (abbreviation: 35DCzPPy), 1,3,5- Use ly[3-(3-pyridyl)phenyl]benzene (abbreviation: TmPyPB), etc. It is possible.

[0163] Examples of heterocyclic compounds having a triazine skeleton include 2-[3'-(9,9-dimethyl Lu-9H-fluoren-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1, 3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mFBPTzn), 2-[(1,1'-biphenyl)-4- [yl]-4-phenyl-6-[9,9'-spirobio(9H-fluorene)-2-yl]- 1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: BP-SFTzn), 2-{3-[3-(benzo[b] Naphtho[1,2-d]furan-8-yl)phenyl]phenyl}-4,6-diphenyl- 1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mBnfBPTzn), 2-{3-[3-(benzo[b ]Naphtho[1,2-d]furan-6-yl)phenyl]phenyl}-4,6-diphenyl -1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mBnfBPTzn-02), etc., can be used. ru.

[0164] [Example of composite material composition 2] Furthermore, materials with electron-transporting properties, such as fluorides of alkali metals in a microcrystalline state, are used in composite materials. It can be present. Alternatively, it can have electron transport properties with fluorides of alkaline earth metals in a microcrystalline state. Materials can be used in composite materials. In particular, alkali metal fluorides or aluminum Composite materials containing 50 wt% or more of potassium earth metal fluoride can be suitably used. Alternatively, composite materials containing organic compounds having a bipyridine skeleton can be suitably used. This allows the refractive index of layer 104 to be reduced. Alternatively, the external quantity of the light-emitting device This can improve efficiency.

[0165] [Electride] For example, a substance obtained by adding a high concentration of electrons to a mixed oxide of calcium and aluminum, It can be used with materials that are injectable.

[0166] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0167] (Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, the configuration of a light-emitting device 150 according to one aspect of the present invention is shown in Figure 2(A). I will explain while referring to it.

[0168] Figure 2(A) is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0169] <Example configuration of light-emitting device 150> Furthermore, the light-emitting device 150 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and It has a knit 103 and an intermediate layer 106 (see Figure 2(A)). Electrode 102 is electrode 1 Having an overlapping region with 01, unit 103 is sandwiched between electrodes 101 and 102. The intermediate layer 106 is the region sandwiched between the unit 103 and the electrode 102. It is equipped with.

[0170] 《Example of the configuration of the intermediate layer 106》 The intermediate layer 106 comprises layer 106A and layer 106B. Layer 106B is made of layer 106A and It includes a region sandwiched between the electrodes 102.

[0171] 《Example of Layer 106A Configuration》 For example, an electron-transporting material can be used for layer 106A. This can be called an electronic relay layer. When layer 106A is used, the anode side of layer 106A is in contact with The layer can be moved away from the layer in contact with the cathode side of layer 106A. This reduces the interaction between the layer in contact with the cathode and the layer in contact with the cathode side of layer 106A. Electrons can be smoothly supplied to the layer in contact with the anode side of layer 106A.

[0172] The LUMO level of the acceptor material contained in the layer adjacent to the anode side of layer 106A, Between the LUMO levels of the material contained in the layer in contact with the cathode side of layer 106A, the LUMO levels are provided. The substance can be suitably used in layer 106A.

[0173] For example, in the range of -5.0eV or higher, preferably -5.0eV or higher and -3.0eV or lower, LU A material having an MO level can be used in layer 106A.

[0174] Specifically, phthalocyanine-based materials can be used in layer 106A. Alternatively, metal - Metal complexes having oxygen bonds and aromatic ligands can be used in layer 106A.

[0175] 《Example of Layer 106B Configuration》 For example, a material that, when a voltage is applied, supplies electrons to the anode and holes to the cathode. This can be used in layer 106B. Specifically, unit 103, which is located on the anode side. It can supply electrons to it. Furthermore, layer 106B can be called a charge generation layer.

[0176] Specifically, a material with hole injection properties that can be used in layer 104 is used in layer 106B. This is possible. For example, a composite material can be used for layer 106B. Or, for example, A laminated film is formed by laminating a film containing the composite material and a film containing a material having hole transport properties, layer 1 It can be used with 06B.

[0177] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0178] (Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, the configuration of a light-emitting device 150 according to one aspect of the present invention is shown in Figure 2(B). I will explain while referring to it.

[0179] Figure 2(B) shows a light emission of one embodiment of the present invention, which has a configuration different from that shown in Figure 2(A). This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the device.

[0180] <Example configuration of light-emitting device 150> The light-emitting device 150 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit It has 103, an intermediate layer 106, and a unit 103(12) (see Figure 2(B)). Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101, and unit 103 has an overlapping region with electrode 101. The intermediate layer 106 comprises a region sandwiched between the electrodes 102, and the unit 103 and electrode 102 It includes a region sandwiched between them. Unit 103(12) also includes the intermediate layer 106 and the electric Having a region sandwiched between poles 102, unit 103(12) emits light EL1(2) It has the function to do so.

[0181] Furthermore, a configuration comprising an intermediate layer 106 and multiple units is referred to as a stacked light-emitting device or This is sometimes referred to as a tandem-type light-emitting device. This allows for maintaining a low current density, High-brightness light emission can be obtained. Or, reliability can be improved. Or, the same The drive voltage can be reduced by comparing it at a single brightness level. Alternatively, power consumption can be suppressed. It is possible.

[0182] 《Example configuration of Unit 103(12)》 A configuration that can be used in unit 103 can be used in unit 103(12). In other words, the light-emitting device 150 has multiple stacked units. Furthermore, the number of stacked units is not limited to two; it is possible to stack three or more units. Cut.

[0183] The same configuration as unit 103 can be used for unit 103(12). Alternatively, A different configuration from that of unit 103 can be used for unit 103(12).

[0184] For example, a configuration in unit 103(12) with a different light-emitting color than that of unit 103 can be used. It can be used. Specifically, a unit 103 that emits red light and green light and A unit 103(12) that emits blue light can be used. We can provide a light-emitting device that emits light of a certain color. For example, a device that emits white light. We can provide light-emitting devices.

[0185] 《Example of the configuration of the intermediate layer 106》 The intermediate layer 106 supplies electrons to either unit 103 or unit 103(12), It has the function of supplying holes to the other side. For example, using the intermediate layer 106 described in Embodiment 4 It is possible to be there.

[0186] <Method for fabricating the light-emitting device 150> For example, using a dry method, wet method, vapor deposition method, droplet ejection method, coating method or printing method, electrode 1 01, electrode 102, unit 103, intermediate layer 106, and each of unit 103(12) Layers can be formed. Furthermore, different methods can be used to form each component.

[0187] Specifically, coating equipment such as vacuum deposition equipment, inkjet equipment, and spin coaters. Using a light-emitting device, gravure printing machine, offset printing machine, screen printing machine, etc. It is possible to manufacture 150 chairs.

[0188] For example, electrodes are formed using a wet method or sol-gel method with a paste of a metallic material. It is possible to add 1-20 wt% zinc oxide to indium oxide as a target. Using a tweezers, an indium oxide-zinc oxide film can be formed by sputtering. Yes, it is possible. Also, 0.5-5 wt% tungsten oxide and zinc oxide can be added to indium oxide. Using a target containing 0.1-1 wt%, tungsten oxide is produced by sputtering. An indium oxide (IWZO) film containing zinc oxide can be formed.

[0189] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0190] (Embodiment 6) In this embodiment, the configuration of a functional panel 700 according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 3. I will explain.

[0191] <Example configuration of the 700 function panel> The functional panel 700 described in this embodiment includes a light-emitting device 150 and a light-emitting device 15 It has 0(2) (see Figure 3).

[0192] For example, the light-emitting device described in Embodiments 1 to 5 is a light-emitting device It can be used for 150.

[0193] <Example configuration of light-emitting device 150(2)> The light-emitting device 150(2) described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101(2) and an electrode 102 It has unit 103(2) and (see Figure 3). Electrode 102 is electrode 101(2) and It has overlapping regions. Note that a part of the configuration of the light-emitting device 150 is the light-emitting device 150(2 It can be used as part of the configuration. This allows a part of the configuration to be made common. Alternatively, the manufacturing process can be simplified.

[0194] 《Example of Unit 103(2) Configuration 1》 Unit 103(2) comprises a region sandwiched between electrodes 101(2) and 102. Unit 103(2) comprises layer 111(2).

[0195] Unit 103(2) comprises a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer. A layer selected from functional layers such as the carrier layer, carrier block layer, and exciton block layer is used in the Uni It can be used with 103(2).

[0196] Unit 103(2) is a positive electrode that receives electrons injected from one electrode and electrons injected from the other electrode. It has a region that recombines with the pore. For example, a hole injected from electrode 101(2) It has a region that recombines with electrons injected from 2.

[0197] 《Example of Layer 111(2) Configuration 1》 Layer 111(2) contains a light-emitting material and a host material. This can be called a layer. Furthermore, layer 111(2) is placed in the region where holes and electrons recombine. This configuration is preferable. This allows the energy generated by carrier recombination to be efficiently converted into light. It can be injected in this manner. Also, the layer 111(2) can be kept away from the metal used for electrodes, etc. This arrangement is preferable. This suppresses the quenching phenomenon caused by the metal used in electrodes, etc. It is possible.

[0198] For example, a different luminescent material from the one used in layer 111 is used in layer 111(2). This can be achieved by using luminescent materials with different emission colors in layer 111(2). This allows for the arrangement of light-emitting devices with different hues. Alternatively, additive color mixing can be performed using multiple light-emitting devices with different hues. This allows for the representation of hues that cannot be displayed by individual light-emitting devices.

[0199] For example, a light-emitting device that emits blue light, a light-emitting device that emits green light, and red light A light-emitting device that emits white light can be placed on the functional panel 700. Alternatively, white A light-emitting device that emits light, a light-emitting device that emits yellow light, and a device that emits infrared light The light-emitting device can be placed on the function panel 700.

[0200] For example, fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) Substances exhibiting (fully activated, delayed fluorescence) (Also known as TADF material) can be used as a luminescent material. This allows carrier The energy generated by the recombination of A is released as light EL1 from the luminescent material. It is possible (see Figure 1).

[0201] [Fluorescent material] A fluorescent material can be used in layer 111(2). For example, the fluorescent material shown below is an example of fluorescent emission. The material can be used in layer 111(2). However, it is not limited to this.

[0202] Specifically, 5,6-bis[4-(10-phenyl-9-antryl)phenyl]-2, 2'-Bipyridine (abbreviation: PAP2BPy), 5,6-Bis[4'-(10-phenyl- 9-Anthryl)biphenyl-4-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine (abbreviation: PAPP2B) Py), N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis[4-(9-phenyl-9H-fluore] [Phenyl-9-yl]pyrene-1,6-diamine (abbreviation: 1,6FLPAPrn), N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-bis[3-(9-phenyl-9H- Fluoren-9-yl)phenyl]pyrene-1,6-diamine (abbreviation: 1,6mMemF) LPAPrn), N,N'-bis[4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)phenyl]- N,N'-diphenylstilbene-4,4'-diamine (abbreviation: YGA2S), 4-(9 H-carbazole-9-yl)-4'-(10-phenyl-9-antryl)triphenyl Luamine (abbreviation: YGAPA), 4-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)-4'-(9, 10-Diphenyl-2-anthryl)triphenylamine (abbreviation: 2YGAPPA), N ,9-diphenyl-N-[4-(10-phenyl-9-antryl)phenyl]-9H- Carbazole-3-amine (abbreviation: PCAPA), perylene, 2,5,8,11-tetra (tert-butyl)perylene (abbreviation: TBP), 4-(10-phenyl-9-antylene) (Lu)-4'-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-yl)triphenylamine (abbreviated) Name: PCBAPA), N,N''-(2-tert-butylanthracene-9,10-di Ildi-4,1-phenylene)bis[N,N',N'-triphenyl-1,4-phenylene [Diphenyl-N-[4-(9,10-di]diamine] (abbreviation: DPABPA), N,9-diphenyl-N-[4-(9,10-di Phenyl-2-anthryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole-3-amine (abbreviation: 2P) CAPPA), N-[4-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)phenyl]-N, N',N'-triphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (abbreviation: 2DPAPPA), N ,N,N',N',N'',N'',N''',N'''-Octaphenyldibenzo[g ,p]chrysene-2,7,10,15-tetraamine (abbreviation: DBC1), coumarin 30 N-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)-N,9-diphenyl-9H-carb Zole-3-amine (abbreviation: 2PCAPA), N-[9,10-bis(1,1'-bife [Nyl-2-yl)-2-anthryl]-N,9-diphenyl-9H-carbazole-3- Amine (abbreviation: 2PCABPhA), N-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)- N,N',N'-triphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (abbreviation: 2DPAPA), N-[9,10-bis(1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-2-anthryl]-N,N ',N'-triphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (abbreviation: 2DPABPhA), 9 ,10-bis(1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-[4-(9H-carbazole- 9-yl)phenyl]-N-phenylanthracene-2-amine (abbreviation: 2YGABPh) A) N,N,9-triphenylanthracene-9-amine (abbreviation: DPhAPhA), Coumarin 545T, N,N'-diphenylquinacridone (abbreviation: DPQd), rubrene , 5,12-bis(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-6,11-diphenyltetrace n (abbreviation: BPT), 2-(2-{2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethenyl} -6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)propanedinitrile (abbreviation: DCM1), 2-{2-methyl-6-[2-(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[ ij]Quinolysin-9-yl)ethenyl]-4H-pyran-4-ylidene}propanedin Toryl (abbreviation: DCM2), N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(4-methylphenyl) Tracene-5,11-diamine (abbreviation: p-mPhTD), 7,14-diphenyl-N, N,N',N'-Tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)acenaphtho[1,2-a]fluora Nten-3,10-diamine (abbreviation: p-mPhAFD), 2-{2-isopropyl-6 -[2-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H -Benzo[ij]quinoridine-9-yl)ethenyl]-4H-pyran-4-ylidene} Ropanedinitrile (abbreviation: DCJTI), 2-{2-tert-butyl-6-[2-(1 ,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[i j]Quinoridine-9-yl)ethenyl]-4H-pyran-4-ylidene}propanedinite Lyl (abbreviation: DCJTB), 2-(2,6-bis{2-[4-(dimethylamino)pheny [Lu]ethenyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)propanedinitrile (abbreviation: BisDC) M), 2-{2,6-bis[2-(8-methoxy-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2, 3,6,7-Tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinoridine-9-yl)ethen [Lu]-4H-pyran-4-ylidene}propanedinitrile (abbreviation: BisDCJTM), N,N'-(pyrene-1,6-diyl)bis[(6,N-diphenylbenzo[b]naphthate [1,2-d]furan)-8-amine](abbreviation: 1,6BnfAPrn-03), 3,1 0-Bis[N-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-2-yl)-N-phenylamino ]Naphtho[2,3-b;6,7-b']bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10PCA2Nb f(IV)-02), 3,10-bis[N-(dibenzofuran-3-yl)-N-phenyl Luamino]naphtho[2,3-b;6,7-b']bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10Fr A2Nbf(IV)-02), etc., can be used.

[0203] In particular, 1,6FLPAPrn or 1,6mMemFLPAPrn, 1,6BnfAPr Condensed aromatic diamine compounds, such as pyrenediamine compounds like n-03, are ho It is preferable because it has high trapping properties and excellent luminous efficiency or reliability.

[0204] [Phosphorescent material] A phosphorescent material can be used in layer 111(2). For example, the phosphorescent material exemplified below A light-emitting material can be used in layer 111(2). However, it is not limited to this.

[0205] For example, organometallic iridium complexes having a 4H-triazole skeleton, 1H-triazole Organometallic iridium complexes with a skeleton, organometallic iridium complexes with an imidazole skeleton organometallic iridium complex with a phenylpyridine derivative having an electron-withdrawing group as a ligand. , organometallic iridium complex having a pyrimidine skeleton, organometallic iridium having a pyrazine skeleton Dium complexes, organometallic iridium complexes with a pyridine skeleton, rare earth metal complexes, platinum complexes , etc. can be used in layer 111(2).

[0206] [Phosphorescent material (blue)] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a 4H-triazole skeleton include Tris{2-[5 -(2-methylphenyl)-4-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4H-1,2,4- Reazol-3-yl-κN 2 ]phenyl-κC}iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir (mpptz-dmp)3]), Tris(5-methyl-3,4-diphenyl-4H-1, 2,4-Triazolat) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(Mptz)3]), Tri S[4-(3-biphenyl)-5-isopropyl-3-phenyl-4H-1,2,4- Ryazolat Iridium (III) (abbreviation: [Ir(iPrptz-3b)3]), etc. It can be used.

[0207] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a 1H-triazole skeleton include tris[3-methicone]. [Lu-1-(2-methylphenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazolato] Lydium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(Mptz1-mp)3]), Tris(1-methyl- 5-Phenyl-3-propyl-1H-1,2,4-Triazolat) Iridium(III) (Abbreviation: [Ir(Prptz1-Me)3]), etc. can be used.

[0208] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having an imidazole skeleton include fac-tris[1-( 2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)-2-phenyl-1H-imidazole]Iridium( III) (abbreviation: [Ir(iPrpmi)3]), Tris[3-(2,6-dimethylphenylene) [nyl]-7-methylimidazo[1,2-f]phenantridinato]iridium(III) (Abbreviation: [Ir(dmpimpt-Me)3]), etc. can be used.

[0209] organometallic iridium complexes, etc., using phenylpyridine derivatives having electron-withdrawing groups as ligands. Therefore, bis[2-(4',6'-difluorophenyl)pyridinate-N,C 2’ ] Iri Dium(III) tetrakis(1-pyrazolyl) borate (abbreviation: Fir6), bis[2 -(4',6'-difluorophenyl)pyridinate-N,C 2’ Iridium (III) Picolinate (abbreviation: Firpic), bis{2-[3',5'-bis(trifluoromethyl) [Cyl(phenyl)]pyridinate-N,C 2’ Iridium(III) picolinate (abbreviation: [Ir(CF3ppy)2(pic)]), bis[2-(4',6'-difluoropheny (Lu) Pyridinate-N,C 2’ Iridium(III) acetylacetonate (abbreviation: FI) (racac), etc. can be used.

[0210] These compounds exhibit blue phosphorescence, emitting light between 440 nm and 520 nm. It is a compound that has a peak at a specific wavelength.

[0211] [Phosphorescent material (green)] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyrimidine skeleton include tris(4-methyl-6- Phenylpyrimidina) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(mppm)3]), Tri Su(4-t-butyl-6-phenylpyrimidinato)iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir (tBuppm)3), (acetylacetonato)bis(6-methyl-4-phenylpyryl) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(mppm)2(acac)]), (A Cetylacetonate) bis(6-tert-butyl-4-phenylpyrimidinato) iridiu Mu (III) (abbreviation: [Ir(tBuppm)2(acac)]), (acetylacetonate) (III) Bis[6-(2-norbornyl)-4-phenylpyrimidinato]iridium(III) )(Abbreviation: [Ir(nbppm)2(acac)]), (acetylacetonato)bis[5 -methyl-6-(2-methylphenyl)-4-phenylpyrimidinato]iridium(II I) (Abbreviation: [Ir(mpmppm)2(acac)]), (acetylacetonato)bis (4,6-diphenylpyrimidinato)iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(dppm)] 2(acac)), etc. can be used.

[0212] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyrazine skeleton include (acetylacetonato)bis (3,5-dimethyl-2-phenylpyradinate)iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir( mppr-Me)2(acac)]), (acetylacetonato)bis(5-isopropyl Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(mpp)) -3-methyl-2-phenylpyradinate) r-iPr)2(acac)]), etc. can be used.

[0213] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyridine skeleton include tris(2-phenylpyridium Nato-N,C 2’ ) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(ppy)3]), bis(2- Phenylpyridinato-N,C 2’ ) Iridium(III) acetylacetonate (abbreviation: [Ir(ppy)2(acac)]), bis(benzo[h]quinolinate) iridium (I II) Acetylacetonate (abbreviation: [Ir(bzq)2(acac)]), Tris(be Iridium (III) (abbreviation: [Ir(bzq)3]), Tris (2-phenylquinolinato-N,C 2’ Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(pq) 3]), bis(2-phenylquinolinato-N,C 2’ Iridium(III) acetylated Setanate (abbreviation: [Ir(pq)2(acac)]), [2-d3-methyl-8-(2 -pyridinyl-κN)benzofloxacin[2,3-b]pyridinyl-κC]bis[2-(5-d3 -methyl-2-pyridinyl-κN 2 )phenyl-κC]iridium(III) (abbreviation:[ Ir(5mppy-d3)2(mbfpypy-d3)]), [2-d3-methyl-(2 -pyridinyl-κN)benzoflox[2,3-b]pyridinyl-κC]bis[2-(2-pyridinyl] [Dinyl-κN)phenyl-κC]Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(ppy)2(m (bfpypy-d3), etc. can be used.

[0214] As for rare earth metal complexes, tris(acetylacetonate)(monophenanthroline) Examples include bium(III) (abbreviation: [Tb(acac)3(Phen)]).

[0215] These compounds primarily exhibit green phosphorescence, and their emission range is from 500 nm to 600 nm. It has a peak at the emission wavelength. Furthermore, organometallic iridium complexes with a pyrimidine skeleton are It is outstanding in terms of reliability or luminous efficiency.

[0216] [Phosphorescent material (red)] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyrimidine skeleton include (diisobutyrylmethanat )Bis[4,6-bis(3-methylphenyl)pyrimidinato]iridium(III) (abbreviated) Name: [Ir(5mdppm)2(dibm)]), bis[4,6-bis(3-methylphenyl] Iridium(III) (Abbreviation: [Ir( (5mdppm)2(dpm)]), bis[4,6-di(naphthalene-1-yl)pyrimid Iridium(III) (Abbreviation: Ir(d1npm)2) (dpm)]), etc. can be used.

[0217] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyrazine skeleton include (acetylacetonato)bis (2,3,5-triphenylpyrazinate)iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(tpp r)2(acac)]), bis(2,3,5-triphenylpyradinate)(dipivaloyl Metanat) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(tppr)2(dpm)]), (Acetyl) (Tylacetonato)bis[2,3-bis(4-fluorophenyl)quinoxalinato]iridi Um(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(Fdpq)2(acac)]), etc. can be used. ru.

[0218] Examples of organometallic iridium complexes having a pyridine skeleton include tris(1-phenylisopropylmethylcellulose). Norinato-N,C 2’ ) Iridium(III) (abbreviation: [Ir(piq)3]), bis( 1-Phenylisoquinolinato-N,C 2’ Iridium(III) acetylacetonate (Abbreviation: [Ir(piq)2(acac)]), etc. can be used.

[0219] Examples of rare earth metal complexes include tris(1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionato). (Monophenanthroline) Europium(III) (Abbreviation: [Eu(DBM)3(Phe n)]), Tris[1-(2-tenoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetonate](mo Europium(III) (abbreviation: [Eu(TTA)3(Phen) ]), etc. can be used.

[0220] Examples of platinum complexes include 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-21H , 23H-porphyrin platinum(II) (abbreviation: PtOEP), etc. can be used.

[0221] These compounds exhibit red phosphorescence, emitting light between 600 nm and 700 nm. It has a light peak. Also, organometallic iridium complexes with a pyrazine skeleton are used in display devices. A red emission with a chromaticity suitable for use is obtained.

[0222] [Substances exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)] TADF material can be used for layer 111(2). For example, the TADF shown below is an example. The material can be used as a luminescent material. However, it is not limited to this.

[0223] TADF materials have a small difference between the S1 and T1 levels, and require only a small amount of thermal energy to form three levels. This allows for reverse intersystem crossing (upconversion) from a multiplet excited state to a singlet excited state. Furthermore, it is possible to efficiently generate a singlet excited state from a triplet excited state. It is possible to convert electromotive energy into light emission.

[0224] Furthermore, an excited complex (exciplex) is formed by two different substances forming an excited state. Exciplex (also called 'x' or 'exciplex') is a state where the difference between the S1 level and the T1 level is extremely small. As a TADF material capable of converting triplet excitation energy to singlet excitation energy, It has the function of being functional.

[0225] Furthermore, phosphorescence observed at low temperatures (e.g., 10K to 77K) can be used as an indicator of the T1 level. A vector can be used. For TADF materials, the short-wavelength tail of its fluorescence spectrum is Draw a tangent line, and set the energy at the wavelength of the extrapolation line as the S1 level, and the phosphorescence spectrum When a tangent is drawn at the tail on the short wavelength side, and the energy at the wavelength of the extrapolation is taken as the T1 level, Preferably, the difference between S1 and T1 is 0.3 eV or less, and preferably 0.2 eV or less. And is even more preferable.

[0226] Furthermore, when using TADF material as a light-emitting material, the S1 level of the host material is the TADF material. It is preferable that the T1 level of the host material is higher than the S1 level of the TADF material. A higher rank is preferable.

[0227] For example, fullerenes and their derivatives, acridines and their derivatives, eosin derivatives, etc. It can be used in ADF materials. Also, magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), cadmium Um (Cd), tin (Sn), platinum (Pt), indium (In), or palladium Metal-containing porphyrins, including those containing (Pd), can be used in TADF materials.

[0228] Specifically, the protoporphyrin-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(P) is shown in the structural formula below. roto IX), Mesoporphyrin-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(Meso IX) ), hematoporphyrin-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(Hemato IX)), copro Porphyrin tetramethyl ester-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(Copro III- 4Me)), Octaethylporphyrin-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(OEP)), Ethyl Oporphyrin-tin fluoride complex (SnF2(Etio I)), octaethylporphyrin Phosphorus-platinum chloride complex (PtCl2OEP), etc., can be used.

[0229] [ka]

[0230] Furthermore, for example, it may have one or both of a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring and a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring. These heterocyclic compounds can be used in TADF materials.

[0231] Specifically, the structural formula is as follows: 2-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4,6-bis(12 -phenylindoro[2,3-a]carbazole-11-yl)-1,3,5-triazi (Abbreviation: PIC-TRZ), 9-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2) -yl)-9'-phenyl-9H,9'H-3,3'-bicarbazole (abbreviation: PCCz) Tzn), 2-{4-[3-(N-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9H- Carbazole-9-yl]phenyl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine ( Abbreviation: PCCzPTzn), 2-[4-(10H-phenoxazine-10-yl)phen [Lu]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: PXZ-TRZ), 3-[ 4-(5-phenyl-5,10-dihydrophenazine-10-yl)phenyl]-4,5 -Diphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (abbreviation: PPZ-3TPT), 3-(9,9- Dimethyl-9H-acridine-10-yl)-9H-xanthene-9-one (abbreviation: AC) RXTN), bis[4-(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacrylidine)phenyl ]Sulfone (abbreviation: DMAC-DPS), 10-phenyl-10H,10'H-spiro[ Using acridine-9,9'-anthracene]-10'-one (abbreviated as ACRSA), etc. It is possible.

[0232] [ka]

[0233] The heterocyclic compound has a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring and a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring, It is preferable because it has both high electron transport and hole transport properties. In particular, it has a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring. Among the skeletons, pyridine skeleton, diazine skeleton (pyrimidine skeleton, pyrazine skeleton, pyridadi The benzo (mcg) and triazine skeletons are preferred because they are stable and reliable. In particular, benzo Flopyrimidine skeleton, benzothienopyrimidine skeleton, benzoflopyrazine skeleton, benzoth The enopyrazine skeleton is preferred because it has high acceptability and good reliability.

[0234] Furthermore, among skeletons having a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring, the acridine skeleton and phenoxazine The skeleton, phenothiazine skeleton, furan skeleton, thiophene skeleton, and pyrrole skeleton are stable. Because of its good reliability, it is preferable to have at least one of the skeletal structures. In terms of structural integrity, it's the dibenzofuran skeleton, and in terms of thiophene skeleton, it's the dibenzothiophene skeleton. Each is preferable. In addition, as for the pyrrole skeleton, the indole skeleton, the carbazole skeleton, Indolocarbazole skeleton, bicarbazole skeleton, 3-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazo The yl-3-yl)-9H-carbazole skeleton is particularly preferred.

[0235] Furthermore, in substances in which a π-electron-rich heteroaromatic ring and a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring are directly bonded, Both the electron-donating ability of electron-excessive heteroaromatic rings and the electron-accepting ability of π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic rings become stronger. Therefore, the energy difference between the S1 and T1 levels becomes smaller, allowing for efficient acquisition of thermally activated delayed fluorescence. This is particularly preferable. Furthermore, instead of a π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring, a cyano group can be used. Aromatic rings to which electron-withdrawing groups are bonded may also be used. In addition, aromatic rings may be used as π-electron-rich skeletons. A amine skeleton, a phenazine skeleton, and the like can be used.

[0236] Furthermore, as π-electron-deficient skeletons, xanthene skeletons, thioxanthene dioxide skeletons, and Xadiazole skeleton, triazole skeleton, imidazole skeleton, anthraquinone skeleton, fe Boron-containing skeletons such as nylborane or volanthrene, benzonitrile or cyanobenzene Aromatic rings or heteroaromatic rings having nitrile or cyano groups, such as benzophenone, etc. Rubonyl skeletons, phosphine oxide skeletons, sulfone skeletons, etc., can be used.

[0237] Thus, at least one of the π-electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring and the π-electron-excess heteroaromatic ring Alternatively, π-electron-deficient and π-electron-excess skeletons can be used.

[0238] 《Example of Layer 111(2) Configuration 2》 Materials with carrier transport properties can be used as host materials. For example, materials with hole transport properties Materials possessing electron transport properties, TADF materials, materials with an anthracene skeleton Mixed materials and the like can be used as the host material. A configuration using a host material with a larger band gap than the photosensitive material is preferred. This allows for the transfer of energy from excitons generated in layer 111(2) to the host material. Movement can be suppressed.

[0239] [Materials with hole transport properties] The hole mobility is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm 2Materials with a value of / Vs or higher are converted into materials with hole transport properties. It can be used suitably.

[0240] For example, a hole-transporting material that can be used in layer 112 can be used in layer 111(2). It is possible. Specifically, a hole-transporting material that can be used in a hole transport layer. The material can be used in layer 111(2).

[0241] For example, an electron-transporting material that can be used in layer 105 can be used in layer 111(2). It is possible. Specifically, an electron-transporting material that can be used in an electron injection layer. The material can be used in layer 111(2).

[0242] [Materials containing an anthracene skeleton] Organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton can be used as host materials. In particular, luminescence When using a fluorescent material, organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton are preferred. This makes it possible to realize a light-emitting device with good luminous efficiency and durability. ru.

[0243] Organic compounds having an anthracene skeleton include diphenylanthracene skeletons, particularly 9, Organic compounds with a 10-diphenylanthracene skeleton are preferred because they are chemically stable. Furthermore, if the host material has a carbazole skeleton, the injection and transport of holes will be enhanced. It is preferable. In particular, when the host material contains a dibenzocarbazole skeleton, carbazole is preferable. Furthermore, the HOMO level becomes shallower by about 0.1 eV, making it easier for holes to enter, and also improving hole transport. It is also excellent and has high heat resistance, making it suitable. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of hole injection and transport, Instead of the zole skeleton, a benzofluorene skeleton or a dibenzofluorene skeleton may be used. stomach.

[0244] Therefore, it has both a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a carbazole skeleton. The substance contains both a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a benzocarbazole skeleton. The substance combines a 9,10-diphenylanthracene skeleton and a dibenzocarbazole skeleton. The substance contained therein is preferred as a host material.

[0245] For example, 6-[3-(9,10-diphenyl-2-anthryl)phenyl]-benzo[b ]Naphtho[1,2-d]furan (abbreviation: 2mBnfPPA), 9-phenyl-10-{4 -(9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)biphenyl-4'-yl}anthrace (Abbreviation: FLPPA), 9-(1-naphthyl)-10-[4-(2-naphthyl)pheny [Lu]anthracene (abbreviation: αN-βNPAnth), 9-phenyl-3-[4-(10- Phenyl-9-antryl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole (abbreviation: PCzPA), 9 -[4-(10-phenyl-9-anthracenyl)phenyl]-9H-carbazole (abbreviated) Name: CzPA), 7-[4-(10-phenyl-9-antryl)phenyl]-7H-di Benzo[c,g]carbazole (abbreviation: cgDBCzPA), 3-[4-(1-naphthyl Using )-phenyl]-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole (abbreviation: PCPN), etc. It is possible.

[0246] In particular, CzPA, cgDBCzPA, 2mBnfPPA, and PCzPA exhibit very good characteristics. This indicates.

[0247] [Substances exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)] TADF material can be used as the host material. The triplet excitation energy generated with TADF material is converted to singlet excitation energy by reverse intersystem crossing. It can be converted into energy. Furthermore, the excitation energy can be transferred to the light-emitting material. In other words, the TADF material functions as an energy donor, and the light-emitting material provides energy - It functions as an acceptor. This allows for increased luminescence efficiency of the light-emitting device. Cut.

[0248] This is very effective when the above-mentioned light-emitting material is a fluorescent material. In order to obtain high luminescence efficiency, the S1 level of the TADF material is higher than the S1 level of the fluorescent material. It is preferable that the T1 level of the TADF material is higher than the S1 level of the fluorescent material. A high level is preferable. Therefore, the T1 level of the TADF material is the same as the T1 level of the fluorescent material. A higher value is preferable.

[0249] Furthermore, T exhibits emission that overlaps with the wavelength of the lowest energy absorption band of the fluorescent material. It is preferable to use ADF material. This allows the fluorescent material to be converted from TADF material. This is preferable because it allows for smoother transfer of excitation energy and efficient emission.

[0250] Furthermore, singlet excitation energy is efficiently generated from triplet excitation energy through reverse intersystem crossing. For this to occur, it is preferable that carrier recombination occurs in the TADF material. The triplet excitation energy generated by the DF material is transferred to the triplet excitation energy of the fluorescent material. It is preferable not to do so. To that end, the fluorescent material has a luminescent phosphodiolus ( It is preferable to have a protecting group around the skeleton that causes light emission. The protecting group is a π bond. Substituents that do not have a substituent are preferred, saturated hydrocarbons are preferred, specifically those having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. The alkyl group below, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, carbon Examples include trialkylsilyl groups with a number between 3 and 10, and it is even preferable if there are multiple protecting groups. Substituents that do not have a π bond have poor carrier transport function, therefore carrier transport Alternatively, with minimal impact on carrier recombination, the luminescent phosphodiphorus of the TADF material and the fluorescent material It can increase the distance between them.

[0251] Here, a luminescent group refers to the group of atoms (skeleton) that causes light emission in a fluorescent material. The photon is preferably a skeleton having π bonds, preferably containing an aromatic ring, and also a condensed aromatic ring. It is preferable that it has a condensed heteroaromatic ring.

[0252] Examples of condensed aromatic rings or condensed heteroaromatic rings include the phenanthrene skeleton, the stilbene skeleton, and acrylic acid. Examples include lidone skeletons, phenoxazine skeletons, and phenothiazine skeletons. In particular, naphthalene N skeleton, anthracene skeleton, fluorene skeleton, chrysene skeleton, triphenylene skeleton, tetra Helical skeleton, pyrene skeleton, perylene skeleton, coumarin skeleton, quinacridone skeleton, naphthobis Fluorescent materials having a benzofuran skeleton are preferred because they have a high fluorescence quantum yield.

[0253] For example, using TADF material, which can be used in luminescent materials, as a host material. can.

[0254] [Example of mixed material composition 1] Furthermore, a material made by mixing multiple types of substances can be used as the host material. For example, electron Materials with transport properties and materials with hole transport properties can be used in a mixed material. The weight ratio of hole-transporting material to electron-transporting material contained in the material is related to hole transport. The ratio of materials with electron transport properties to materials with electron transport properties should be 1:19 to 19:1. Furthermore, the carrier transport properties of layer 111(2) can be easily adjusted. Also, the recombination region Control of this can also be done easily.

[0255] [Example of mixed material composition 2] A material mixed with a phosphorescent substance can be used as the host material. When using a fluorescent material as a light-emitting substance, the energy that provides excitation energy to the fluorescent material is It can be used as an energy donor.

[0256] A mixed material containing a material that forms an excited complex can be used as the host material. For example, The emission spectrum of the formed excited complex corresponds to the wavelength of the lowest energy absorption band of the luminescent material. A material that overlaps with it can be used as the host material. This allows for smoother energy transfer. This can improve luminous efficiency. Alternatively, the drive voltage can be suppressed. ru.

[0257] A phosphorescent material can be used as at least one of the materials that form the excitation complex. This allows us to utilize reverse intersystem crossing. Alternatively, we can efficiently obtain the triplet excitation energy. It can be converted to singlet excitation energy.

[0258] As for combinations of materials that form excited complexes, the HOMO levels of hole-transporting materials Preferably, the electron transport level is above the HOMO level of the electron transport material. Alternatively, the hole transport property is It is preferable that the LUMO level of the material possessing electron transport properties is higher than or equal to the LUMO level of the material possessing electron transport properties. This allows for the efficient formation of excited complexes. Note that the LUMO level of the material The HOMO level can be derived from the electrochemical properties (reduction potential and oxidation potential). Specifically, using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement method, the reduction potential is... The oxidation potential can be measured.

[0259] Furthermore, the formation of excited complexes is related to, for example, the emission spectrum of hole-transporting materials and electron-transporting properties. The emission spectrum of a material having the above properties, and the emission spectrum of a mixed film obtained by mixing these materials. In comparison, the emission spectrum of the mixed film is shifted to longer wavelengths than the emission spectra of each individual material. Alternatively, this can be confirmed by observing a phenomenon (which has a new peak on the longer wavelength side). Alternatively, transient photoluminescence (PL) and electron transport of materials with hole transport properties. The transient PL of materials possessing certain properties and the transient PL of a mixed film obtained by mixing these materials are compared, and the mixing The transient PL lifetime of the film has a longer lifetime component than the transient PL lifetime of each material, or a delayed lifetime component. This can be confirmed by observing differences in transient responses, such as an increase in the proportion of the time. Furthermore, the transient PL mentioned above can be interpreted as transient electroluminescence (EL). No. That is, transient EL for hole-transporting materials, transient E for electron-transporting materials. By comparing the transient EL of L and mixed films and observing the differences in transient response, Excitation complex formation can be confirmed.

[0260] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0261] (Embodiment 7) In this embodiment, the configuration of a functional panel 700 according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 4. I will explain.

[0262] <Example configuration of function panel 700 1> The functional panel 700 described in this embodiment includes a light-emitting device 150 and an optical functional device 1 It has 70 (see Figure 4(A)).

[0263] For example, the light-emitting device described in Embodiments 1 to 5 is a light-emitting device It can be used for 150.

[0264] <Example configuration of optical functional device 170> The optical functional device 170 described in this embodiment includes an electrode 101S, an electrode 102, and a unit It has electrode 103S and, Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101S, and unit 1 03S comprises a region sandwiched between electrode 101S and electrode 102.

[0265] Furthermore, the optical functional device 170 has layer 104 and layer 105. Layer 104 is an electrode Having a region sandwiched between 101S and unit 103S, layer 105 is unit 10 It includes a region sandwiched between 3S and electrode 102. A portion of it can be used as part of the configuration of the optical functional device 170. Parts can be made common, or the manufacturing process can be simplified.

[0266] <Example configuration of Unit 103S 1> Unit 103S has a single-layer structure or a laminated structure. For example, Unit 103S has a layer It comprises layer 114, layer 112, and layer 113 (see Figure 4(A)).

[0267] Layer 114 comprises a region sandwiched between layers 112 and 113, and layer 112 is electrode 101S and a region sandwiched between layer 114, with layer 113 between electrode 102 and layer 114 It has an area that can be sandwiched.

[0268] For example, from functional layers such as the photoelectric conversion layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and carrier block layer The selected layer can be used in unit 103S. Also, the exciton blocking layer and A layer selected from functional layers, such as a charge generation layer, can be used in unit 103S.

[0269] Unit 103S absorbs light hv and supplies electrons to one electrode and holes to the other electrode. For example, unit 103S supplies holes to electrode 101S and electrons to electrode 102.

[0270] Example of Layer 112 configuration For example, a material having hole transport properties can be used for layer 112. This can be called a hole transport layer. For example, the configuration described in Embodiment 1 is layer 11 It can be used in 2.

[0271] Example of Layer 113 configuration For example, materials with electron transport properties, materials with an anthracene skeleton, and mixed materials, It can be used in layer 113. For example, the configuration described in Embodiment 1 can be used in layer 11 It can be used in 3.

[0272] 《Example of Layer 114 Configuration 1》 For example, electron-accepting materials and electron-donating materials can be used in layer 114. Specifically, materials that can be used in organic solar cells can be used in layer 114. Furthermore, layer 114 can be called a photoelectric conversion layer. Layer 114 absorbs light hv, and on the other hand... Electrons are supplied to one electrode and holes to the other electrode. For example, layer 114 supplies holes to electrode 101S. Electrons are supplied to electrode 102.

[0273] [Examples of electron-accepting materials] For example, using fullerene derivatives, non-fullerene electron acceptors, etc., as electron-accepting materials. It is possible.

[0274] As for electron-accepting materials, C 60 Fullerene, C 70 Fullerene, [6,6]-pheni Ru-C 71 -Methyl butyrate (abbreviation: PC71BM), [6,6]-phenyl-C6 1-Methyl butyrate (abbreviation: PC61BM), 1',1'',4',4''-tetra Hydro-di[1,4]methanonaphthaleno[1,2:2',3',56,60:2'',3 ''][5,6]Fullerene-C 60 (Abbreviation: ICBA) etc. can be used.

[0275] Furthermore, perylene derivatives and dicyanomethyleneindanone can be used as non-fullerene electron acceptors. Compounds having the N,N'- group, etc., can be used. Perylenedicarboxymide (abbreviated as Me-PTCDI), etc., can be used.

[0276] [Examples of electron-donating materials] For example, phthalocyanine compounds, tetracene derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, rubren derivatives The body, etc., can be used as an electron-donating material.

[0277] Electron-donating materials include copper(II) phthalocyanine (abbreviated as CuPc) and tin(II) ) Phthalocyanine (abbreviation: SnPc), zinc phthalocyanine (abbreviation: ZnPc), tetra Phenyldibenzoperifuranthene (abbreviated as DBP), rubrene, etc. can be used.

[0278] 《Example of Layer 114 Configuration 2》 For example, a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure can be used for layer 114. Specifically, bulk A heterojunction structure can be used in layer 114. Alternatively, a heterojunction structure can be used in layer It can be used for 114.

[0279] [Example of mixed material composition] For example, a mixed material containing an electron-accepting material and an electron-donating material can be used in layer 114. This can be done. Furthermore, a mixed material containing an electron-accepting material and an electron-donating material is added to layer 114. The configuration used in this case can be called a bulk heterojunction type.

[0280] Specifically, C 70 A mixed material containing fullerene and DBP can be used in layer 114. Cut.

[0281] [Example of heterozygous type] Layers 114N and 114P can be used for layer 114. Layer 114N is one of the electrodes. and a region sandwiched between layer 114P, where layer 114P is between layer 114N and the other electrode It includes a region sandwiched between the electrodes 102 and 114P. For example, layer 114N is between electrode 102 and layer 114P. The layer 114P has a region that is sandwiched between layer 114N and electrode 101S. Prepare (see Figure 4(B)).

[0282] n-type semiconductors can be used in layer 114N. For example, Me-PTCDI can be used in layer 114N. It can be used for N.

[0283] Furthermore, a p-type semiconductor can be used in layer 114P. For example, rubrene can be used in layer 114P. It can be used for this purpose.

[0284] Furthermore, the optical functional device 170, which has a configuration in which layer 114P is in contact with layer 114N, is a PN junction. It can be described as a type of photodiode.

[0285] <Example configuration of Unit 103S 2> Unit 103S comprises layer 111(2), and layer 111(2) is a layer of layer 114 and layer 113. It has an area sandwiched in between (see Figure 4(C)).

[0286] Configuration example 2 of unit 103S is characterized by having layer 111(2). This differs from 1. Here, we will explain the differences in detail and the parts that have the same configuration. Therefore, we will refer to the explanation above.

[0287] 《Example of Layer 111(2) Configuration 3》 For example, a luminescent material or a luminescent material and a host material may be used in layer 111(2). It is possible. Also, layer 111(2) can be called the light-emitting layer. Note that holes and electrons A configuration in which layer 111(2) is placed in the region to be recombined is preferred. This allows the carrier recombination The energy generated by the bonding can be efficiently converted into light and emitted. Also, electrodes, etc. A configuration in which layer 111(2) is positioned away from the metal used is preferred. This can suppress the quenching phenomenon caused by metals used in applications such as [mention specific applications].

[0288] Specifically, the configuration described in Embodiment 6 can be used for layer 111(2). In particular, a configuration that emits light of a wavelength that is less likely to be absorbed by layer 114 is preferable for layer 111(2). It can be used for this purpose. This allows the light EL2 emitted by layer 111(2) to be processed with high efficiency. It can be removed.

[0289] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. .

[0290] (Embodiment 8) In this embodiment, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used I will now explain the light-emitting device used.

[0291] In this embodiment, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used The light-emitting device fabricated using this method will be explained with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5(A) shows the light-emitting device. Figure 5(B) is a top view showing the position, and Figure 5(A) is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along AB and CD. This light-emitting device controls the light emission of the light-emitting device, as indicated by the dotted line drive circuit. Pixel section (source line drive circuit 601), pixel section 602, drive circuit section (gate line drive circuit 603) It includes. Also, 604 is a sealing substrate, and 605 is a sealing material, and the sealing material 605 surrounds The inside of the box is space 607.

[0292] The routing wire 608 is input to the source line drive circuit 601 and the gate line drive circuit 603. FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) is a wiring system for transmitting signals and serves as an external input terminal. (Input circuit) 609 receives video signals, clock signals, start signals, reset signals, etc. Receive. Note that only the FPC is shown in the diagram here, but this FPC has a print distribution A wire substrate (PWB) may be attached. The light-emitting device in this specification is a light-emitting device This includes not only the main unit but also the state in which the FPC or PWB is attached to it. ru.

[0293] Next, the cross-sectional structure will be explained using Figure 5(B). The drive circuit section is located on the element substrate 610. And a pixel section is formed, but here, the source line drive circuit 601 which is the drive circuit section and One pixel in the pixel section 602 is shown.

[0294] The element substrate 610 is a substrate made of glass, quartz, organic resin, metal, alloy, semiconductor, etc. FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), PVF (Polyvinyl Fiber) Made using a plastic substrate made of fluoride, polyester, or acrylic resin. Just make it.

[0295] The structure of the transistor used in the pixel or driving circuit is not particularly limited. For example, reverse It may be a hoop-type transistor or a stagger-type transistor. Either a top-gate or bottom-gate transistor is acceptable. The semiconductor material used is not particularly limited; for example, silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, Gallium nitride and the like can be used. Alternatively, In-Ga-Zn metal oxides, etc. An oxide semiconductor containing at least one of indium, gallium, and zinc may also be used.

[0296] The crystallinity of semiconductor materials used in transistors is not particularly limited; amorphous semiconductors, Crystalline semiconductors (microcrystalline semiconductors, polycrystalline semiconductors, single-crystal semiconductors, or semiconductors with a crystalline region in part) Any semiconductor having the properties of [the semiconductor material] may be used. If a semiconductor having crystalline properties is used, transients may occur. This is preferable because it suppresses the deterioration of the stanic characteristics.

[0297] Here, in addition to the transistors provided in the above-mentioned pixels or driving circuits, there are also touch sensors, which will be described later. For semiconductor devices such as transistors used in applications like the above, oxide semiconductors are preferred. It is preferable to use oxide semiconductors, which have a wider band gap than silicon. By using oxide semiconductors with a wider bandgap than silicon, transistors can be made The current in the "F" state can be reduced.

[0298] The above oxide semiconductor preferably contains at least indium (In) or zinc (Zn). It is also In-M-Zn oxides (where M is Al, Ti, Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Sn, It is an oxide semiconductor containing an oxide (such as a metal like La, Ce, or Hf). It is preferable.

[0299] In particular, the semiconductor layer has multiple crystalline portions, and the c-axis of the crystalline portion is the surface on which the semiconductor layer is formed. Alternatively, an acid oriented perpendicular to the upper surface of the semiconductor layer and having no grain boundaries between adjacent crystalline regions. It is preferable to use a crystalline semiconductor film.

[0300] By using such materials as semiconductor layers, fluctuations in electrical properties are suppressed, resulting in high reliability. This makes it possible to create a transistor.

[0301] Furthermore, due to its low off-current, the transistor having the aforementioned semiconductor layer can be used to... This makes it possible to retain the charge stored in the capacity over a long period of time. By applying a generator to each pixel, the gradation of the image displayed in each display area is maintained while driving It also becomes possible to shut down the circuit. As a result, it is possible to realize electronic devices with extremely reduced power consumption. It can be expressed.

[0302] It is preferable to provide an undercoat to stabilize the characteristics of the transistor. The undercoat may be: Inorganic silicon oxide films, silicon nitride films, silicon oxide-nitride films, silicon nitride-oxide films, etc. It can be fabricated using an insulating film, either as a single layer or in a multilayer configuration. The underlayer is fabricated by sputtering. CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method (Plasma CVD method) , thermal CVD method, MOCVD (Metal Organic CVD) method, ALD ( Formed using methods such as Atomic Layer Deposition, coating, and printing. Yes, it is possible. However, a base coat does not need to be applied unless necessary.

[0303] Note that FET623 is one of the transistors formed in the source line drive circuit 601. Furthermore, the drive circuit consists of various CMOS circuits, PMOS circuits, or NMOS circuits. It is sufficient to form it in this way. In addition, in this embodiment, a driver integrated with a drive circuit formed on the substrate. While this indicates a type, it is not always necessary, and the drive circuit can be formed externally rather than on the circuit board. can.

[0304] Furthermore, the pixel section 602 includes a switching FET 611 and a current control FET 612 and its drive It is formed by a plurality of pixels, each including a first electrode 613 electrically connected to the rain. However, it is not limited to this, and can also be used as a pixel unit combining three or more FETs and a capacitive element. good.

[0305] Furthermore, an insulator 614 is formed covering the end of the first electrode 613. Here, positive It can be formed by using a photosensitive acrylic resin film of a mold.

[0306] Furthermore, in order to ensure good coverage of the EL layer and other layers formed later, the upper end of the insulator 614 is Alternatively, a curved surface with curvature is formed at the lower end. For example, the material of the insulator 614 and When a positive-type photosensitive acrylic resin is used, the radius of curvature is only at the upper end of the insulator 614. It is preferable to have a curved surface having a thickness of 0.2 μm or more and 3 μm or less. Also, insulating material 61 4. Either a negative-type photosensitive resin or a positive-type photosensitive resin can be used. Cut.

[0307] An EL layer 616 and a second electrode 617 are formed on the first electrode 613, respectively. Here, the material used for the first electrode 613 which functions as an anode is a material with a work function of It is desirable to use large materials. For example, ITO film or silicon-containing indigo Indium oxide film containing 2 wt% to 20 wt% zinc oxide, nitriding In addition to single-layer films such as titanium films, chromium films, tungsten films, Zn films, and Pt films, titanium nitride films are also available. Lamination of a film mainly composed of aluminum, and a titanium nitride film and a film mainly composed of aluminum A three-layer structure consisting of a film and a titanium nitride film can be used. Note that in a laminated structure, wiring... It has low resistance as an anode, provides good ohmic contact, and can also function as an anode. It is possible.

[0308] Furthermore, the EL layer 616 was coated using a vapor deposition method with a vapor deposition mask, an inkjet method, and a spin coating method. It is formed by various methods such as those described above. The EL layer 616 is formed by the methods described in Embodiments 1 to 6. It includes the configuration described in one of the above. Also, the other materials that make up the EL layer 616 These include low molecular weight compounds or high molecular weight compounds (including oligomers and dendrimers). That's fine.

[0309] Furthermore, the material used for the second electrode 617, which is formed on the EL layer 616 and functions as a cathode. Examples include materials with a low work function (Al, Mg, Li, Ca, or alloys thereof) It is preferable to use compounds (such as MgAg, MgIn, AlLi, etc.). If the light generated at 616 passes through the second electrode 617, then the second electrode 617 is defined as follows: A thin metal film with a reduced thickness and a transparent conductive film (ITO, 2wt% to 20wt% of sulfate oxide). Indium oxide containing lead, indium tin oxide containing silicon, zinc oxide (ZnO), etc. It is best to use lamination with )

[0310] Furthermore, the first electrode 613, the EL layer 616, and the second electrode 617 form the shape of the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device is described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. It is a light-emitting device. Note that the pixel section has multiple light-emitting devices formed within it, and in this embodiment... In the light-emitting device in the state, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 It is possible for both chairs and light-emitting devices with other configurations to be mixed together.

[0311] Furthermore, by bonding the sealing substrate 604 to the element substrate 610 with the sealing material 605, A light-emitting device is placed in the space 607 surrounded by the sub-substrate 610, the sealing substrate 604, and the sealing material 605. The structure is equipped with chair 618. Furthermore, the space 607 is filled with filler material. In addition to cases where an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) is filled, it is also filled with a sealing material. In some cases, a recess is formed in the sealing substrate and a desiccant is placed there to reduce the effects of moisture. This configuration is preferable because it can suppress deterioration.

[0312] Furthermore, it is preferable to use epoxy resin or glass frit for the sealing material 605. Furthermore, it is desirable that these materials be as impermeable to moisture and oxygen as possible. Furthermore, in addition to glass substrates or quartz substrates, FRP (F) can also be used as the material for the sealing substrate 604. Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVF), Reinforced Plastics ), a plastic substrate made of polyester or acrylic resin can be used. .

[0313] Although not shown in Figures 5(A) and 5(B), a protective film may be provided on the second electrode. The protective film may be formed from an organic resin film or an inorganic insulating film. Also, the dew of the sealant 605 A protective film may be formed to cover the exposed portion. Furthermore, the protective film may be attached to a pair of substrates. It can be provided to cover the surface and sides, the sealing layer, the insulating layer, and other exposed sides.

[0314] The protective film can be made of a material that is impermeable to impurities such as water. This effectively suppresses the diffusion of impurities such as these from the outside to the inside.

[0315] Materials that make up the protective film include oxides, nitrides, fluorides, sulfides, ternary compounds, and metals. Alternatively, polymers can be used, for example, aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, etc. Phenium silicate, lanthanum oxide, silicon oxide, strontium titanate, tantalum oxide Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, yttrium oxide cerium oxide, scandium oxide, erbium oxide, vanadium oxide, or indi oxide Materials containing um, etc., or aluminum nitride, hafnium nitride, silicon nitride, tantalum nitride, Contains titanium nitride, niobium nitride, molybdenum nitride, zirconium nitride, or gallium nitride, etc. Materials, nitrides containing titanium and aluminum, oxides containing titanium and aluminum Substances, oxides containing aluminum and zinc, sulfides containing manganese and zinc, cerium and sulfides containing strontium, oxides containing erbium and aluminum, Materials containing oxides such as thorium and zirconium can be used.

[0316] The protective film can be formed using a film deposition method that provides good step coverage. This is preferable. One such method is atomic layer deposition (ALD). There is a deposition method. Protecting materials that can be formed using the ALD method. It is preferable to use it in membranes. By using the ALD method, dense cracks or pinholes can be detected. It is possible to form a protective film with reduced defects or uniform thickness. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the damage inflicted on the processed member when forming the protective film.

[0317] For example, by forming a protective film using the ALD method, a surface or tape with a complex uneven shape can be formed. A uniform and low-defect protective film can be formed on the top, sides, and back surfaces of the panel. ru.

[0318] As described above, the light-emitting device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 A light-emitting device can be obtained by using this method.

[0319] The light-emitting device in this embodiment is described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. Because a light-emitting device is used, a light-emitting device with excellent characteristics can be obtained. In terms of the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, the luminous efficiency is Because of its excellent performance, it is possible to create a light-emitting device with low power consumption.

[0320] Figure 6 shows a light-emitting device that emits white light, with a colored layer (color filter) provided. This shows an example of a light-emitting device that has been made full-color. Figure 6(A) shows substrate 1001, base Insulating film 1002, gate insulating film 1003, gate electrode 1006, gate electrode 1007, Electrode 1008, first interlayer insulating film 1020, second interlayer insulating film 1021, peripheral portion 10 42, pixel section 1040, drive circuit section 1041, first electrode 1024W of light-emitting device, Electrode 1024R, first electrode 1024G, first electrode 1024B, partition wall 1025, E L layer 1028, second electrode 1029 of the light-emitting device, encapsulation substrate 1031, sealing material 103 Figure 2 illustrates this.

[0321] Furthermore, Figure 6(A) shows the colored layers (red colored layer 1034R, green colored layer 1034G, blue The colored layer 1034B is provided on a transparent substrate 1033. Also, the black matrix 1 A 035 layer may be further provided. Transparent substrate 1 provided with a colored layer and a black matrix. 033 is aligned and fixed to substrate 1001. Note that the colored layer and black matrix Kus 1035 is covered with an overcoat layer 1036. Also, in Figure 6(A) This consists of a light-emitting layer that allows light to escape to the outside without passing through the colored layers, and a layer that allows light to escape to the outside by passing through the colored layers of each color. There is a light-emitting layer, and light that does not pass through the colored layer is white, while light that passes through the colored layer is red, green, and blue. Therefore, images can be represented using four colored pixels.

[0322] Figure 6(B) shows the colored layers (red colored layer 1034R, green colored layer 1034G, blue colored layer Example of forming layer 1034B) between the gate insulating film 1003 and the first interlayer insulating film 1020. This was shown. Thus, the colored layer is provided between the substrate 1001 and the sealing substrate 1031. That's good too.

[0323] Furthermore, in the light-emitting device described above, light is taken to the substrate 1001 side on which the FET is formed. Although a light-emitting device with a bottom-emission structure was used, the light emission was taken from the sealing substrate 1031 side. It can also be used as a light-emitting device with a projection structure (top emission type). A cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device is shown in Figure 7. In this case, the substrate 1001 is a substrate that does not transmit light. This can be done. Until the connecting electrode that connects the FET and the anode of the light-emitting device is fabricated, the bottle It is formed in the same manner as a Mu-emission type light-emitting device. Then, the third interlayer insulating film 1037 is formed. It is formed covering electrode 1022. This insulating film may also serve a planarization role. Third The interlayer insulating film 1037 is formed using the same material as the second interlayer insulating film, as well as other known materials. It is possible.

[0324] The first electrodes of the light-emitting device, 1024W, 1024R, 1024G, and 1024B, are located here. It is designated as the anode, but it can also be the cathode. Also, a top-emission type generator as shown in Figure 7. In the case of an optical device, it is preferable that the first electrode be a reflective electrode. Configuration of EL layer 1028 This was described as unit 103 in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. The device structure is configured in such a way that white light emission can be obtained.

[0325] In the top emission structure shown in Figure 7, the colored layer (red colored layer 1034R, green colored layer) The sealing is performed using a sealing substrate 1031 having a color layer 1034G and a blue colored layer 1034B. This can be done. The encapsulation substrate 1031 has a black matrix positioned between the pixels. 1035 may be provided. Colored layer (red colored layer 1034R, green colored layer 1034G, The blue colored layer (1034B) or black matrix is ​​formed by the overcoat layer (1036). It is acceptable if it is covered. Furthermore, the sealing substrate 1031 shall be a light-transmitting substrate. Furthermore, although an example of full-color display using four colors—red, green, blue, and white—is shown here, there are no particular limitations. Alternatively, full-color display may be performed using four colors: red, yellow, green, and blue, or three colors: red, green, and blue. .

[0326] In top-emission type light-emitting devices, a microcavity structure can be suitably applied. A light-emitting device having a microcavity structure has a first electrode as a reflective electrode and a second electrode as This is obtained by using semi-transparent and semi-reflective electrodes. Between the reflective electrode and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective electrode It has at least an EL layer and at least an emissive layer that forms an emissive region.

[0327] The reflective electrode has a visible light reflectance of 40% to 100%, preferably 70% to 100%. It is %, and its resistivity is 1 × 10⁻⁶. -2 Assume the membrane is less than Ωcm in diameter. Also, semipermeable... The semi-reflective electrode has a visible light reflectance of 20% to 80%, preferably 40% to 70%. , and its resistivity is 1 × 10 -2 Assume the membrane is less than Ωcm in diameter.

[0328] The light emitted from the light-emitting layer contained in the EL layer is reflected by the reflective electrode and the semi-transmitting / semi-reflective electrode. It is reflected and resonates.

[0329] The light-emitting device has a thickness of a transparent conductive film or the aforementioned composite material, carrier transport material, etc. By changing this, the optical distance between the reflective electrode and the semitransmissive / semi-reflective electrode can be altered. This enhances the light of resonant wavelengths between the reflective electrode and the semitransmissive / semi-reflective electrode, and It can attenuate light of wavelengths that do not vibrate.

[0330] Furthermore, the light reflected back by the reflective electrode (the first reflected light) is semi-transmitted from the light-emitting layer. • Because it causes significant interference with the light (first incident light) that directly enters the semi-reflecting electrode, the reflective electrode and The optical distance of the light-emitting layer is (2n-1)λ / 4 (where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and λ is amplified). It is preferable to adjust the wavelength of the emitted light. By adjusting the optical distance, the first By aligning the phase of the reflected light and the first incident light, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer can be further amplified. ru.

[0331] Furthermore, even if the EL layer in the above configuration has a structure with multiple light-emitting layers, it may still be a single light-emitting layer The structure may also have the following characteristics, for example, in combination with the configuration of the tandem light-emitting device described above. Furthermore, multiple EL layers are provided in a single light-emitting device with a charge generation layer in between, and each EL layer This may also be applied to a configuration in which one or more light-emitting layers are formed.

[0332] Having a microcavity structure enhances the emission intensity in the front direction at specific wavelengths. This makes it possible to reduce power consumption. Furthermore, the four sub-colors red, yellow, green, and blue are used. In the case of a light-emitting device that displays images as is, in addition to the brightness enhancement effect of yellow light emission, all sub-pixels By applying a microcavity structure tailored to the wavelength of each color, a light-emitting device with excellent characteristics can be produced. It can be placed there.

[0333] The light-emitting device in this embodiment is described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. Because a light-emitting device is used, a light-emitting device with excellent characteristics can be obtained. In terms of the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, the luminous efficiency is Because of its excellent performance, it is possible to create a light-emitting device with low power consumption.

[0334] Up to this point, we have explained active-matrix light-emitting devices, but from here on we will discuss passive devices. A matrix-type light-emitting device will be described. Figure 8 shows a passive light-emitting device fabricated by applying the present invention. This shows a matrix-type light-emitting device. Figure 8(A) is a perspective view showing the light-emitting device, Figure 8( B) is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting Figure 8(A) along the XY line. In Figure 8, on the substrate 951, An EL layer 955 is provided between electrode 952 and electrode 956. The end of electrode 952 is It is covered with an insulating layer 953. And a partition layer 954 is provided on top of the insulating layer 953. The side walls of the partition layer 954, as they approach the substrate surface, have a gap between one side wall and the other side wall. It has a slope that narrows as the partition becomes narrower. In other words, the cross-section of the partition wall layer 954 in the short-side direction is It is a shape, and the bottom edge (which faces the same direction as the surface direction of the insulating layer 953 and is in contact with the insulating layer 953) ) is the upper edge (the edge that faces the same direction as the surface direction of the insulating layer 953 and does not come into contact with the insulating layer 953). It is shorter than that. In this way, by providing the partition layer 954, light emission devices caused by static electricity, etc. This can prevent defects in the system. Furthermore, it can also be implemented in passive matrix type light-emitting devices. The light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used, and the reliability is good. This allows for the creation of a suitable light-emitting device, or a light-emitting device with low power consumption.

[0335] The light-emitting device described above consists of numerous tiny light-emitting devices arranged in a matrix. Because these can be controlled, it can be suitably used as a display device for representing images. It is a light-emitting device.

[0336] Furthermore, this embodiment can be freely combined with other embodiments.

[0337] (Embodiment 9) In this embodiment, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used An example of its use as a lighting device will be explained with reference to Figure 9. Figure 9(B) shows the top view of the lighting device. Figure 9(A) is a cross-sectional view of ef in Figure 9(B).

[0338] The lighting device in this embodiment has a light-transmitting substrate 400 which is a support, and a first An electrode 401 is formed. The first electrode 401 is one of the embodiments 1 to 6. This corresponds to electrode 101 in any one of them. When light is extracted from the first electrode 401 side, Electrode 401 is formed from a translucent material.

[0339] A pad 412 for supplying voltage to the second electrode 404 is formed on the substrate 400.

[0340] An EL layer 403 is formed on the first electrode 401. The EL layer 403 is the same as in Embodiment 1. The configuration of layer 104, unit 103 and layer 105 in any one of the embodiments up to 6, Alternatively, layer 104, unit 103, intermediate layer 106, unit 103(2) and layer 105 This corresponds to the structure, etc. Please refer to the relevant description for details on these structures.

[0341] The EL layer 403 is covered to form the second electrode 404. The second electrode 404 is the same as in Embodiment 1. This corresponds to electrode 102 in any one of the embodiments up to 6. The light emission is directed to the first electrode 401 side. When removed from, the second electrode 404 is formed of a material with high reflectivity. Voltage is supplied to pole 404 by connecting it to pad 412.

[0342] The above describes a light-emitting device having a first electrode 401, an EL layer 403, and a second electrode 404. The lighting device shown in this embodiment has a light-emitting device with high luminous efficiency. Since it is a chair, the lighting device in this embodiment is a lighting device with low power consumption. It is possible.

[0343] The substrate 400 on which the light-emitting device having the above configuration is formed and the sealing substrate 407 are sealed The lighting device is completed by fixing and sealing it using materials 405 and 406. Either 405 or 406 is acceptable. Also, the inner sealant 406 (Figure 9 (B) (Not shown) A desiccant can also be mixed in, which allows it to absorb moisture. This leads to improved reliability.

[0344] Furthermore, the pad 412 and a portion of the first electrode 401 are extended outside the sealing materials 405 and 406. By providing it, it can be used as an external input terminal. Also, a converter can be placed on top of it. An IC chip 420 or similar, which incorporates such features, may also be provided.

[0345] As described above, the lighting device described in this embodiment has an EL element as described in Embodiments 1 to 6. By using the light-emitting device described in either of the above, it is possible to create a lighting device with low power consumption. Cut.

[0346] (Embodiment 10) In this embodiment, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used Examples of electronic devices included in part of this will be described. Any of Embodiments 1 to 6 The light-emitting device described in (1) has good luminous efficiency and is a light-emitting device with low power consumption. As a result, the electronic device described in this embodiment has an electronic light-emitting part with low power consumption. It can be used as a device.

[0347] Examples of electronic devices to which the above-mentioned light-emitting device is applied include television equipment (televisions, and (Also called a television receiver), monitors for computers, digital cameras, digital cameras Digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones (both mobile phones and mobile phone devices) (Examples include) portable game consoles, personal digital assistants, audio playback devices, and large game machines such as pachinko machines. These are some examples. Specific examples of these electronic devices are shown below.

[0348] Figure 10(A) shows an example of a television system. The television system is housed in a casing 71 The display unit 7103 is incorporated into 01. Also, here the stand 7105 is used to form the enclosure. This shows the configuration supporting the body 7101. The display unit 7103 can display images. It is possible, and the display unit 7103 is as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. It is constructed by arranging optical devices in a matrix.

[0349] The television equipment is operated using the control switches on the housing 7101 or a separate remote control. This can be done using the control unit 7110. The control keys 710 are provided on the remote control unit 7110. 9 allows you to control the channel or volume, and the information displayed on the display unit 7103 is shown. The video can be controlled. Also, the remote control unit 7110 is connected to the remote control unit 7 A display unit 7107 that displays the information output from 110 may also be provided.

[0350] The television system shall consist of a receiver or modem, etc. It can receive regular television broadcasts, and also via wired or wireless connection through a modem. By connecting to a communication network, communication can be one-way (sender to receiver) or two-way (sender to receiver). It is also possible to communicate information between believers and recipients, or between recipients themselves.

[0351] Figure 10(B) is a computer, consisting of the main unit 7201, the casing 7202, the display unit 7203, and a key - Includes board 7204, external connection port 7205, pointing device 7206, etc. Furthermore, this computer is a light-emitting device as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. It is manufactured by arranging devices in a matrix and using them in the display unit 7203. Figure 1 The computer in 0(B) may take the form shown in Figure 10(C). The computer uses a second keyboard 7204 and a pointing device 7206 instead of the keyboard 7204. A display unit 7210 is provided. The second display unit 7210 is a touch panel type. The input display shown on the second display unit 7210 is operated with a finger or a dedicated pen. Input can be made by this. In addition, the second display unit 7210 is not only for input display but also Furthermore, it is also possible to display other images. The display unit 7203 is also a touch panel. That's fine. The two screens are connected by a hinge, making storage or transport easier. This also helps prevent problems such as scratching or damaging the screen.

[0352] Figure 10(D) shows an example of a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal is incorporated into the housing 7401. In addition to the display unit 7402, there are operation buttons 7403, an external connection port 7404, and a speaker 740 5. It is equipped with a microphone 7406, etc. The mobile terminal is an embodiment of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment A display unit 740 is manufactured by arranging the light-emitting devices described in any one of the 6 in a matrix. It has 2.

[0353] The mobile terminal shown in Figure 10(D) allows information to be entered by touching the display unit 7402 with a finger or the like. It is also possible to configure it so that you can make a phone call or compose an email. Operations such as this can be performed by touching the display unit 7402 with a finger or the like.

[0354] The display unit 7402 has three main modes. The first is a display that primarily displays images. The first mode is display mode, the second is input mode which is mainly for inputting information such as characters. The third is display mode. This is a display + input mode, which is a combination of two modes: display mode and input mode.

[0355] For example, when making a phone call or composing an email, the display unit 7402 is used for text input. In this case, the primary text input mode should be used, and you should perform the input operation for the characters displayed on the screen. It is preferable to display a keyboard or number buttons on most of the screen of the display unit 7402. It seems so.

[0356] Furthermore, the mobile device has sensors inside that detect tilt, such as a gyroscope and an accelerometer. By providing a detection device, the orientation of the mobile terminal (portrait or landscape) is determined, and the display unit 7402 The screen display can be set to switch automatically.

[0357] Furthermore, screen modes can be switched by touching the display unit 7402 or by operating the housing 7401. This is done by operating button 7403. Also, the type of image displayed on display unit 7402 Therefore, it is also possible to switch between them. For example, the image signal displayed on the display unit is a video signal. Switch to display mode if it's data, or to input mode if it's text data.

[0358] Furthermore, in input mode, the signal detected by the optical sensor of the display unit 7402 is detected and displayed If there is no input via touch operation on unit 7402 for a certain period of time, the screen mode will be changed to input mode. You may also control the system to switch from that display mode to a different mode.

[0359] The display unit 7402 can also function as an image sensor. For example, the display unit 74 By touching device 02 with the palm or finger, the user can authenticate their identity by capturing images of their palm print, fingerprints, etc. Furthermore, the display unit may have a backlight that emits near-infrared light or a sensing device that emits near-infrared light. Using a suitable light source, it is also possible to image finger veins, palmar veins, and other veins.

[0360] Figure 11(A) is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cleaning robot.

[0361] The cleaning robot 5100 has a display 5101 located on the top and multiple displays located on the sides. It has several cameras 5102, brushes 5103, and operation buttons 5104. However, the underside of the 5100 cleaning robot is equipped with wheels, a suction port, etc. The 5100 robot also includes an infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, acceleration sensor, and piezo sensor. It is equipped with various sensors such as optical sensors and gyro sensors. Also, the cleaning robot 5 Unit 100 is equipped with wireless communication means.

[0362] The cleaning robot 5100 moves autonomously, detects the dirt 5120, and uses the suction port located on its underside to... It can then vacuum up the dust.

[0363] Furthermore, the cleaning robot 5100 analyzes images captured by the camera 5102, and detects walls, furniture, or It can determine the presence or absence of obstacles such as steps. Furthermore, image analysis can detect wiring and other obstacles. If an object that may become entangled in brush 5103 is detected, the rotation of brush 5103 will be stopped. can.

[0364] The display 5101 can show the battery level or the amount of dust collected. This can be done. The path taken by the cleaning robot 5100 is displayed on the display 5101. Alternatively, the display 5101 can be a touch panel, and the operation buttons 5104 can be a touch panel. It may be placed in play 5101.

[0365] The cleaning robot 5100 can communicate with portable electronic devices 5140 such as smartphones. Yes, it is possible. Images captured by camera 5102 can be displayed on the portable electronic device 5140. Therefore, the owner of the 5100 cleaning robot can know what's happening in the room even when they're away from home. It is possible to display the information on the display 5101 on portable electronic devices such as smartphones. You can also check it using 5140.

[0366] A light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention can be used in a display 5101.

[0367] The robot 2100 shown in Figure 11(B) consists of a computing unit 2110, an illuminance sensor 2101, and a microcontroller. Crossphone 2102, upper camera 2103, speaker 2104, display 2105, It is equipped with a lower camera 2106, an obstacle sensor 2107, and a movement mechanism 2108.

[0368] Microphone 2102 has the function of detecting the user's voice and ambient sounds, etc. Speaker 2104 has the function of emitting sound. Robot 2100 has a microphone Using the 2102 and speaker 2104, communication with the user is possible. It is possible.

[0369] The display 2105 has the function of displaying various information. The robot 2100 is The user can display the desired information on the display 2105. The 2105 may have a touch panel. Also, the display 2105 is removable. It can be any information terminal capable of charging, and by installing it in a fixed position on the robot 2100, And it enables the transfer of data.

[0370] The upper camera 2103 and lower camera 2106 are used to image the area around the robot 2100. It has the ability to detect obstacles. Furthermore, the obstacle sensor 2107 uses the moving mechanism 2108 to detect robot 210 Robot 21 can detect the presence or absence of obstacles in the direction of travel as it moves forward. 00 uses the upper camera 2103, the lower camera 2106 and the obstacle sensor 2107 The light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention can recognize its surroundings and move safely. It can be used in display 2105.

[0371] Figure 11(C) shows an example of a goggle-type display. For example, the components include the casing 5000, the display unit 5001, the speaker 5003, and the LED lamp 5004. , operation key (including power switch or operation switch), connection terminal 5006, sensor 50 07 (Force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotational speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical Chemical substances, sound, time, hardness, electric field, electric current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration (including functions for measuring odor or infrared radiation), microphone 5008, display unit 5 It includes parts 002, a support part 5012, an earphone 5013, etc.

[0372] The light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention can be used in the display unit 5001 and the display unit 5002. .

[0373] Figure 12 shows a light-emitting device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, installed in a lighting system. This is an example of its use in a desk lamp. The desk lamp shown in Figure 12 has a housing 2001 and The device has a light source 2002, and the light source 2002 is the lighting device described in Embodiment 9. That's good too.

[0374] Figure 13 shows a light-emitting device according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 in an indoor environment. This is an example of its use as a lighting device 3001. The described light-emitting device is a light-emitting device with high luminous efficiency, and therefore has low power consumption. It can be placed in this manner. Also, the light emission described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 Because the device can be scaled up to cover a large area, it can be used as a large-area lighting device. Furthermore, the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is thin. Therefore, it can be used as a thin lighting device.

[0375] The light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 is used in the front of an automobile. It can also be mounted on glass or the dashboard. Figure 14 shows embodiments 1 to 2. The light-emitting device described in any one of the forms of 6 can be used on the windshield or dashboard of an automobile. One embodiment for use in the code is shown. Display areas 5200 to 5203 are from Embodiment 1 to This is a display area provided using the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 6.

[0376] Display area 5200 and display area 5201 are in an embodiment provided on the windshield of an automobile. This is a display device equipped with a light-emitting device as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6. The light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 comprises a first electrode and a second electrode By fabricating the electrode with a translucent electrode, the opposite side can be seen through, a so-called see-through electrode. It can be used as a display device in a see-through state. If it is a see-through display, then the car's Even when installed on the front glass, it can be installed without obstructing the view. Oh, if transistors for driving are to be provided, organic transistors made of organic semiconductor material Transmissive transistors, such as those using zista or oxide semiconductors, are used. It would be good to have one.

[0377] The display area 5202 is provided in the pillar portion, one of the embodiments 1 to 6. This is a display device equipped with the light-emitting device described above. The display area 5202 is provided on the vehicle body. By displaying images from a specially equipped imaging device, the field of view obstructed by the pillar is compensated for. This is possible. Similarly, the display area 5203 provided on the dashboard is also available on the vehicle body. By displaying images from an imaging device installed on the outside of the car, the obstructed view can be compensated for. This can compensate for blind spots and enhance safety. The video complements what is not visible. By displaying the image, safety checks can be performed more naturally and without causing any sense of unease.

[0378] Display area 5203 displays navigation information, speed or rotation, mileage, fuel level, and gear. By displaying status, air conditioning settings, etc., various information can be provided. The displayed items or layout can be changed as needed to suit the user's preferences. This information can also be provided in display areas 5200 to 5202. Display areas 5200 to 5203 can also be used as lighting devices.

[0379] Figures 15(A) to 15(C) also show a foldable portable information terminal 9310. Figure 15(A) shows the portable information terminal 9310 in its unfolded state. Figure 15(B) shows the unfolded state. A portable information terminal 9310 in a state in between, either in a normal state or a folded state, and changing to the other state. Figure 15(C) shows the folded state of the personal digital assistant (PDA). The 9310 offers excellent portability when folded, and a seamless, wide design when unfolded. The display area provides excellent readability.

[0380] The display panel 9311 is supported by three housings 9315 connected by hinges 9313. The display panel 9311 is a touch panel equipped with a touch sensor (input device). It may also be an input / output device. In addition, the display panel 9311 is connected via the hinge 9313. By bending the two housings 9315, the mobile information terminal 9310 is unfolded. It can be reversibly transformed from a folded state. A light-emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention It can be used with the display panel 9311.

[0381] The configuration shown in this embodiment is achieved by appropriately combining the configurations shown in Embodiments 1 to 6. They can be used together.

[0382] As described above, an electrical device equipped with the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 The applications of optical devices are extremely broad, and these light-emitting devices can be applied to electronic equipment in all fields. This is possible. Using the light-emitting device described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 This allows for the creation of electronic devices with low power consumption.

[0383] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments shown herein. . [Examples]

[0384] In this embodiment, the configuration of light-emitting device 1 and light-emitting device 2 according to one aspect of the present invention is described below. This will be explained with reference to Figures 16 through 24.

[0385] Figure 16 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device.

[0386] Figure 17 illustrates the emission spectrum of the luminescent material according to the example.

[0387] Figure 18 illustrates the wavelength-refractive index characteristics of the organic compound ETM according to the example.

[0388] Figure 19 illustrates the current density-luminance characteristics of a light-emitting device.

[0389] Figure 20 illustrates the brightness-current efficiency characteristics of a light-emitting device.

[0390] Figure 21 illustrates the voltage-luminance characteristics of a light-emitting device.

[0391] Figure 22 illustrates the voltage-current characteristics of the light-emitting device.

[0392] Figure 23 illustrates the luminance-blue index characteristics of a light-emitting device. Blue Index (BI) is a measure of current efficiency (cd / A) This is the value obtained by dividing by the y-chromaticity, and is one of the indicators that represent the emission characteristics of blue light emission. Blue light emission is y The lower the chromaticity, the higher the color purity of the emitted light tends to be. High color purity blue light emission is luminance Even with a small fraction of a second, it is possible to express a wide range of blue colors, and high-purity blue light emission is used. This reduces the required brightness to display blue, resulting in a reduction in power consumption. Therefore, BI, which takes into account y-chromaticity, one of the indicators of blue purity, is efficient for blue emission. It is preferably used as a means of representing, and the higher the BI of the light-emitting device, the more suitable it is for displays. It can be said that it has good efficiency as a blue light-emitting device.

[0393] Figure 24 shows the light-emitting device at 1000 cd / m². 2 The emission spectrum when emitted at this brightness A diagram for explanation.

[0394] <Light-emitting device 1> The light-emitting device 1 described in this embodiment has the same configuration as the light-emitting device 150. (See Figure 16).

[0395] The light-emitting device 150 has an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit 103. Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101, and unit 103 has an overlapping region with electrode 101 and electrode 10 It has a region sandwiched between 2. Unit 103 has layers 111, 112 and 113 It is equipped with layers 104 and 105.

[0396] Layer 111 comprises a region sandwiched between electrodes 101 and 102, and layer 111 is luminescent Includes materials. The luminescent material emits photoluminescent light, and the photoluminescent light is It has a first spectrum φ1. The first spectrum φ1 has a maximum peak at wavelength λ1. The wavelength λ1 is in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm. Specifically, 3,10-bi S[N-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]naph [2,3-b;6,7-b']bisbenzofuran (abbreviation: 3,10PCA2Nbf(I V)-02) was used as the luminescent material. 3,10PCA2Nbf(IV)-02 luminescent The vector is shown in Figure 17. In a toluene solution of 3,10PCA2Nbf(IV)-02... The maximum peak in the emission spectrum is at 448 nm, within the range of 440 nm to 470 nm. It is located within the specified range. Furthermore, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 26 nm, within the range of 10 nm to 35 nm. It is located at [location]. Note that the photoluminescence spectrum of luminescent materials is measured using a fluorescence spectrometer ((Nippon Microfilm Corporation)). Measurements were taken at room temperature using a spectrometer (FP-8600) manufactured by Honkotsu.

[0397] Layer 112 includes a region sandwiched between electrode 101 and layer 111.

[0398] Layer 113 comprises a region sandwiched between layer 111 and electrode 102, and layer 113 is made of an organic compound ETM is included, and the organic compound ETM has a first refractive index n1 for light having wavelength λ1. The first refractive index n1 is between 1.4 and 1.75. Specifically, 2-{(3',5 '-di-tert-butyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-3-yl}-4,6-diphenyl -1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mmtBumBPTzn) is used in the organic compound ETM. The wavelength-refractive index characteristics of mmtBumBPTzn are shown in Figure 18. Note that the refractive index of ordinary light is shown. The ordinary n is shown in the diagram. The refractive index of mmtBumBPTzn is 440n Within the wavelength range of m to 470 nm, the value is in the range of 1.67 to 1.68, and between 1.4 and 1. It is 75 or less. Furthermore, the material for each layer is deposited onto a quartz substrate at a thickness of approximately 50 nm using a vacuum deposition method. The film was deposited and the sample was prepared. Next, a spectroscopic ellipsometer (J.A. Woolam J) was used. The refractive index of the sample was measured using a Japan M-2000U. n, Ordinary was shown.

[0399] Furthermore, the light-emitting device 1 comprises layers 104 and 105, with layer 104 being unit 103 and The layer 105 has a region sandwiched between the electrodes 101 and the unit 103 It has an area sandwiched in between.

[0400] Configuration of Light-Emitting Device 1 Table 1 shows the configuration of the light-emitting device 1. Also, the materials used in the light-emitting device described in this embodiment are shown. The structural formula of the material is shown below.

[0401] [Table 1]

[0402] [ka]

[0403] [ka]

[0404] 《Method for fabricating light-emitting device 1》 The light-emitting device 1 described in this embodiment was fabricated using a method comprising the following steps.

[0405] [Step 1] In the first step, a reflective film REF was formed on the target. Specifically, silver and palladium were used. Formed by sputtering using an alloy containing zinc and copper (abbreviated as APC). .

[0406] The reflective film REF includes APC and has a thickness of 100 nm.

[0407] [Step 2] In the second step, an electrode 101 was formed on the reflective film REF. Specifically, the target Indium oxide-tin oxide (abbreviation: ITSO) containing silicon or silicon oxide in the net. It was formed by sputtering using )

[0408] Electrode 101 contains ITSO and has a thickness of 85 nm and 4 mm 2 (2mm x 2mm) It has area.

[0409] Next, the substrate on which the electrodes 101 are formed is washed with water, fired at 200°C for 1 hour, and then UV Ozone treatment was performed for 370 seconds. After that, 10 -4 Vacuum deposition with internal pressure reduced to approximately Pa The substrate is placed in the apparatus and vacuum-fired at 170°C for 30 minutes in the heating chamber of the vacuum deposition apparatus. The process was then carried out. Afterwards, the circuit board was allowed to cool for about 30 minutes.

[0410] [Step 3] In the third step, a layer 104 was formed on the electrode 101. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was co-deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0411] Furthermore, layer 104 is N-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-N-[4-(9-phenyl [9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenyl]-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene -2-amine (abbreviation: PCBBiF) and electron acceptor material (abbreviation: OCHD-00 3) contains PCBBiF:OCHD-003 at a ratio of 1:0.05 (by weight) and has a thickness of 10 nm. It possesses the following properties. Furthermore, OCHD-003 contains fluorine and has acceptor properties, and its molecular weight The answer is 672.

[0412] [Step 4] In the fourth step, layer 112A was formed on layer 104. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0413] Layer 112A contains PCBBiF and has a thickness of 20 nm.

[0414] [Step 5] In the fifth step, layer 112B was formed on layer 112A. Specifically, resistance heating The material was deposited using the following method.

[0415] Furthermore, layer 112B is N,N-bis[4-(dibenzofuran-4-yl)phenyl]-4- It contains amino-p-terphenyl (abbreviation: DBfBB1TP) and has a thickness of 10 nm. .

[0416] [Step 6] In the sixth step, layer 112C was formed on layer 112B. Specifically, resistance heating The material was deposited using the following method.

[0417] Furthermore, layer 112C is 3,3'-(naphthalene-1,4-diyl)bis(9-phenyl-9 It contains H-carbazole (abbreviated as PCzN2) and has a thickness of 10 nm.

[0418] [Step 7] In the seventh step, layer 111 was formed on layer 112C. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was co-deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0419] Layer 111 is 2-(10-phenyl-9-anthracenyl)-benzo[b]naphthate [2,3-d] furan (abbreviation: Bnf(II)PhA) and 3,10PCA2Nbf( IV)-02 = Bnf(II)PhA:3,10PCA2Nbf(IV)-02=1:0 It contains 0.015 (by weight) and has a thickness of 25 nm.

[0420] [Step 8] In the eighth step, layer 113A was formed on layer 111. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0421] Layer 113A contains mmtBumBPTzn and has a thickness of 10 nm.

[0422] [Step 9] In the ninth step, layer 113B was formed on layer 113A. Specifically, resistance heating The material was co-deposited using the following method.

[0423] Layer 113B consists of mmtBumBPTzn and 8-hydroxyquinolinatolithium. (Abbreviation: Liq) contains mmtBumBPTzn:Liq=0.5:0.5 (by weight ratio) It has a thickness of 20nm.

[0424] [Step 10] In the tenth step, layer 105 was formed on layer 113B. Specifically, resistance heating The material was deposited using the following method.

[0425] Layer 105 contains Liq and has a thickness of 1 nm.

[0426] [Step 11] In the 11th step, an electrode 102 was formed on layer 105. Specifically, resistance heating The material was co-deposited using the following method.

[0427] Electrode 102 contains Ag and Mg in an Ag:Mg=10:1 (volume ratio) and has a 15nm wavelength. It has thickness.

[0428] [Step 12] In the twelfth step, a layer CAP was formed on the electrode 102. Specifically, resistance heating The material was deposited using the following method.

[0429] Note that the layer CAP is 1,3,5-tri(dibenzothiophen-4-yl)-benzene (abbreviated) It includes DBT3PII and has a thickness of 70nm.

[0430] Operating characteristics of the light-emitting device 1 When power was supplied, the light-emitting device 1 emitted light EL1 (see Figure 16). Light-emitting device 1 The operating characteristics were measured (see Figures 19 to 24). The measurements were taken at room temperature.

[0431] Light-emitting device 1 has a brightness of 1000 cd / m². 2 Table 2 shows the main initial characteristics when the light is emitted at a certain level. As shown below. A spectroradiometer (manufactured by Topcon Corporation) is used to measure luminance, CIE chromaticity, and emission spectrum. Measurements were taken at room temperature using SR-UL1R. (Note: Initial characteristics of other light-emitting devices are also available.) (This is also listed in Table 2, and its composition will be described later.)

[0432] [Table 2]

[0433] The Blue Index (BI) refers to the current efficiency (cd / A). This value is obtained by further dividing it by the y-chromaticity, and is one of the indicators that represent the emission characteristics of blue light emission. Light tends to emit light with higher color purity the lower its y-chromaticity. High-color-purity blue light is Even with a small luminance component, it is possible to represent a wide range of blue colors, resulting in a high-purity blue color. By using light emission, the required brightness for representing blue is reduced, thus lowering power consumption. The effect can be obtained. Therefore, BI, which takes into account y chromaticity, one of the indicators of blue purity, is blue emission It is preferably used as a means of expressing the efficiency of light, and the higher the BI of a light-emitting device, the better it is for the display. It can be said that the blue light-emitting device used has good efficiency.

[0434] <Light-emitting device 2> The light-emitting device 2 described in this embodiment consists of layers 113A, 113B and 105 Its configuration is different from that of light-emitting device 1.

[0435] Configuration of Light-Emitting Device 2 Table 3 shows the configuration of the light-emitting device 2. Note that 2-{(3',5'-di-tert-butyl )-1,1'-biphenyl-3-yl}-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl) Phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn) ) was used in the organic compound ETM. Wavelength-refraction of mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn The ratio characteristics are shown in Figure 18. The refractive index of mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn is 440n Within the wavelength range of m to 470 nm, the value is in the range of 1.60 to 1.61, and between 1.4 and 1. It is 75 or less.

[0436] [Table 3]

[0437] 《Method for fabricating light-emitting device 2》 The light-emitting device 2 described in this embodiment was fabricated using a method comprising the following steps.

[0438] The method for fabricating the light-emitting device 2 involves forming layers 113A, 113B, and 105. In this step, the method for fabricating the light-emitting device 1 is different. Here, we will discuss the differences. This will be explained in detail, and where similar methods are used, the above explanation will be referenced.

[0439] [Step 8] In the eighth step, layer 113A was formed on layer 111. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0440] Layer 113A contains mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn and has a thickness of 10 nm. It is equipped with.

[0441] [Step 9] In the ninth step, layer 113B was formed on layer 113A. Specifically, resistance heating The material was co-deposited using the following method.

[0442] Furthermore, layer 113B is composed of mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn and 6-methyl-8- Quinolinolato-lithium (abbreviation: Li-6mq) to mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPT It contains Zn:Li-6mq in a ratio of 0.5:0.5 (by weight) and has a thickness of 20nm.

[0443] [Step 10] In the tenth step, layer 105 was formed on layer 113B. Specifically, resistance heating The material was deposited using the following method.

[0444] Layer 105 contains Li-6mq and has a thickness of 1 nm.

[0445] Operating characteristics of the light-emitting device 2 When power was supplied, the light-emitting device 2 emitted light EL1 (see Figure 16). Light-emitting device 2 The operating characteristics were measured (see Figures 19 to 24). The measurements were taken at room temperature.

[0446] Light-emitting device 2 has a brightness of 1000 cd / m². 2 Table 2 shows the main initial characteristics when the light is emitted at a certain level. This will be shown.

[0447] Light-emitting device 1 and light-emitting device 2, which are aspects of the present invention, are compared with the following comparative light-emitting device. It showed higher current efficiency and blue index than 1. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is It is suitable for light-emitting devices used in displays.

[0448] (Reference example 1) Table 4 shows the configuration of comparative light-emitting device 1. Note that 2-[3'-(9,9-dimethyl-9H -Fluoren-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5- Triazine (abbreviated as mFBPTzn) was used as an electron transport material. The wave of mFBPTzn The longitudinal refractive index characteristics are shown in Figure 18. The refractive index of mFBPTzn is between 440 nm and 470 nm. The wavelength range is from 1.79 to 1.81.

[0449] The comparative light-emitting device 1 described in this embodiment has a thickness of layer 112A and layer 113A 2-[3'-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)biphenyl-3-yl Contains ]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mFBPTzn), layer 113B is 2-[3-(2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinyl)-5-(9-phenanthrene) [nyl)phenyl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mPn-mD The configuration including MePyPTzn is different from that of light-emitting device 1.

[0450] [Table 4]

[0451] 《Method for fabricating comparative light-emitting device 1》 A comparative light-emitting device 1 was fabricated using a method comprising the following steps.

[0452] The method for fabricating the comparative light-emitting device 1 involves the steps of forming layer 112A and layer 113A. The steps of forming and forming layer 113B are part of the method for fabricating the light-emitting device 1. They are different. Here, we will explain the differences in detail and the parts that use similar methods. The above explanation is used as a reference.

[0453] [Step 4] In the fourth step, layer 112A was formed on layer 104. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0454] Layer 112A contains PCBBiF and has a thickness of 15 nm.

[0455] [Step 8] In the eighth step, layer 113A was formed on layer 111. Specifically, by resistance heating. The material was deposited using [a specific method / tool].

[0456] Layer 113A contains mFBPTzn and has a thickness of 10 nm.

[0457] [Step 9] In the ninth step, layer 113B was formed on layer 113A. Specifically, resistance heating The material was co-deposited using the following method.

[0458] Furthermore, layer 113B uses mPn-mDMePyPTzn and Liq to create mPn-mDMeP It contains yPTzn:Liq in a 1:1 (weight ratio) ratio and has a thickness of 20 nm.

[0459] 《Operating characteristics of comparative light-emitting device 1》 When power was supplied, the comparison light-emitting device 1 emitted light EL1 (see Figure 16). The operating characteristics of vise 1 were measured (see Figures 19 to 24). The measurements were taken at room temperature.

[0460] Comparative light-emitting device 1 has a brightness of 1000 cd / m². 2 The main initial characteristics when emitting light at a certain level are as follows: This is shown in Table 2. [Examples]

[0461] In this embodiment, the configuration of a light-emitting device 3 according to one aspect of the present invention is shown in Figures 25 and 26. I will explain while referring to it.

[0462] Figure 25 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a light-emitting device.

[0463] Figure 26 illustrates the emission spectrum of the luminescent material according to the example.

[0464] <Light-emitting device 3> The light-emitting device 3 described in this embodiment has the same configuration as the light-emitting device 150. (See Figure 25).

[0465] The light-emitting device 150 has an electrode 101, an electrode 102, and a unit 103. Electrode 102 has a region that overlaps with electrode 101, and unit 103 has an overlapping region with electrode 101 and electrode 10 It has a region sandwiched between 2. Unit 103 has layers 111, 112 and 113 Prepare.

[0466] Layer 111 comprises a region sandwiched between electrodes 101 and 102, and layer 111 is luminescent Includes materials. The luminescent material emits photoluminescent light, and the photoluminescent light is It has a spectrum. The spectrum has a maximum peak at wavelength λ1, and wavelength λ1 is 4 It is in the range of 40 nm to 470 nm. Specifically, in a solution of the luminescent material... The maximum peak in the emission spectrum is at 450 nm, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission spectrum is... The wavelength is 30 nm (see Figure 26). The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is between 10 nm and 35 nm. It is within the range.

[0467] Layer 112 includes a region sandwiched between electrode 101 and layer 111.

[0468] Layer 113 comprises a region sandwiched between layer 111 and electrode 102, and layer 113 is made of an organic compound ETM is included, and the organic compound ETM has a first refractive index n1 for light having wavelength λ1. The first refractive index n1 is between 1.4 and 1.75. Specifically, mmtBumBP Tzn was used in the organic compound ETM. The wavelength-refractive index characteristics of mmtBumBPTzn are shown in Figure 1. As shown in 8. Note that the refractive index of mmtBumBPTzn is between 440 nm and 470 nm. The wavelength range is between 1.67 and 1.68, and is between 1.4 and 1.75.

[0469] Configuration of Light-Emitting Device 3 Table 5 shows the configuration of the light-emitting device 3. Also, the materials used in the light-emitting device described in this embodiment are shown. The structural formula of the material is shown above.

[0470] [Table 5]

[0471] 《Simulation of the operating characteristics of light-emitting device 3》 The operating characteristics of light-emitting device 3 were simulated. The software used for the calculations was Organic De Vice Simulator (Cybernet Systems Co., Ltd. Product Name: semiconduc) ting emissive thin film optics simulator :setfos)

[0472] The simulation results showed that the blue index of light-emitting device 3 was 480.2 (cd / A). The value of the blue index was / y). Compared to the comparative light-emitting device 2 described later, the blue index value was The ratio was 1.19 times.

[0473] (Reference example 2) The configuration of the comparative light-emitting device 2 differs from that of light-emitting device 3 in the configuration of layer 111. Specifically, Layer 111 contains a different luminescent material from the light-emitting device 3. The maximum peak in the emission spectrum is at 450 nm, and the full width at half maximum (FW) of the emission spectrum is at 450 nm. HM is 40 nm (see Figure 26). The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is between 10 nm and 35 nm. It is outside the range.

[0474] 《Simulation of the operating characteristics of comparative light-emitting device 2》 The operating characteristics of comparative light-emitting device 2 were simulated. The simulation was similar to that of light-emitting device 3. The evaluation results showed that the blue index of comparative light-emitting device 2 was 404.3. [Examples]

[0475] Figure 27 shows the wavelength-refractive index characteristics of the organic compound ETM according to the example, and the organic compound ETM This diagram illustrates the wavelength-reflectance characteristics of the silver in contact with the surface.

[0476] The reflectance R(1) of the silver in contact with layer n(1) which has a refractive index of 1.5, and the reflectance of silver which has a refractive index of 1.9. The reflectivity R(2) of the silver in contact with layer n(2) was simulated using software. The software used for the calculations was the Organic Device Simulator (Cybernet Systems) Mu Co., Ltd. Product name: semiconducting emissive thin f The ILM Optics Simulator is setfos.

[0477] The calculations show that a layer with a refractive index of 1.5 is more sensitive to silver than a layer with a refractive index of 1.9. The reflectivity of silver was higher (see Figure 27).

[0478] (Reference synthesis example 1) An example of a synthesis method for the low refractive index electron transport material used in the organic compound ETM in the examples is described below. The following is shown.

[0479] First, let's look at the organic compound represented by structural formula (200), 2-{(3',5'-di-tert-br (Tyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-3-yl}-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-b Tylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (abbreviation: mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPT) This explains the synthesis method of Zn. The structure of mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn is described below. The following is shown.

[0480] [ka]

[0481] <Step 1: Synthesis of 3-bromo-3',5'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl> 1.0 g (4.3 mmol) of 3,5-di-t-butylphenylboronic acid in a three-necked flask. 1-Bromo-3-iodobenzene 1.5g (5.2 mmol), 2 mol / L potassium carbonate Add 4.5 mL of aqueous solution, 20 mL of toluene, and 3 mL of ethanol, and stir under reduced pressure. Degassing was performed by [method]. Furthermore, tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine 52 mg (0 Add 0.17 mmol) and 10 mg (0.043 mmol) of palladium(II) acetate, and nitrate. The reaction was carried out at 80°C for 14 hours under an ambient atmosphere. After the reaction was complete, extraction with toluene was performed to obtain the result. The prepared organic layer was dried with magnesium sulfate. This mixture was naturally filtered, and the resulting filtrate... By purifying it using silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane) 1.0 g of the target white solid was obtained (yield: 68%). The synthesis scheme for Step 1 is shown below. vinegar.

[0482] [ka]

[0483] <Step 2: 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4, Synthesis of 4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane 1.0 g of 3-bromo-3',5'-di-tert-butylbiphenyl in a three-necked flask (2 0.9 mmol), Bis(pinacolate) diboron 0.96 g (3.8 mmol), Ca acetate Add 0.94 g (9.6 mmol) of lium and 30 mL of 1,4-dioxane, and stir under reduced pressure. Degassing was performed by mixing. Furthermore, 2-dicyclohexylphosphin-2',6' was added. -Dimethoxybiphenyl 0.12g (0.30 mmol), [1,1'-Bis(diphenyl [Luphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct 0. 12 g (0.15 mmol) was added and the reaction was carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere at 110°C for 24 hours. After the reaction is complete, extraction with toluene is performed, and the resulting organic layer is dried with magnesium sulfate. The mixture was allowed to breathe naturally. The resulting filtrate was subjected to silica gel column chromatography. By purification with toluene (eluent), 0.89 g of the target yellow oil was obtained. (Yield: 78%). The synthesis scheme for Step 2 is shown below.

[0484] [ka]

[0485] <Step 3: Synthesis of mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn> In a three-necked flask, add 4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2-chloro -1,3,5-triazine 0.8g (1.6 mmol), 2-(3',5'-di-ter t-butylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-diole Xaborolane 0.89g (2.3 mmol), Tripotassium phosphate 0.68g (3.2 mg) Add 3 mL of water, 8 mL of toluene, and 3 mL of 1,4-dioxane, and stir under reduced pressure. Degassing was performed by doing so. Furthermore, palladium(II) acetate 3.5 mg (0.016 m) was added to this. (mol), Tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine 10 mg (0.032 mmol) In addition, the mixture was heated under a nitrogen atmosphere under reflux for 12 hours. After the reaction was complete, extraction with ethyl acetate was performed. The resulting organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate. This mixture was then naturally filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and subjected to silica gel column chromatography (eluent: ethyl acetate:hexa The solid was purified using a 1:20 ratio of ions to obtain a solid. This solid was then subjected to silica gel column chromatography. - Purified using (eluent chloroform:hexane = changed from 5:1 to 1:0). The obtained solid was recrystallized in hexane to obtain 0.88 g of the desired white solid (yield :76% was obtained. The synthesis scheme for Step 3 is shown below.

[0486] [ka]

[0487] The obtained white solid 0.87 g was subjected to the train sublimation method at a pressure of 5.8 Pa. The product was purified by sublimation at 230°C while flowing argon gas. After sublimation purification, the target product was white. 0.82 g of solid was obtained with a recovery rate of 95%.

[0488] Furthermore, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the white solid obtained in step 3 above ( 1 (H-NMR) The analysis results are shown below. From these results, it can be seen that the above synthesis method produces the structure represented by the above structural formula (200). It was found that mmtBumBP-dmmtBuPTzn was obtained.

[0489] 1 H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):δ=1.42-1.49(m,54H), 7.50(s,1H),7.61-7.70(m,5H),7.87(d,1H),8. 68-8.69(m,4H),8.78(d,1H),9.06(s,1H).

[0490] (Reference synthesis example 2) Similarly, the organic compound represented by the following structural formula (201), 2-{(3',5'-di-ter t-butyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-3-yl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5- Triazine (abbreviated as mmtBumBPTzn) was synthesized.

[0491] [ka]

[0492] Furthermore, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the above organic compounds ( 1 The results of the analysis (H-NMR) are shown below. .

[0493] 1 H NMR(CDCl3,300MHz):δ=1.44(s,18H),7.51- 7.68(m,10H),7.83(d,1H),8.73-8.81(m,5H),9 .01(s,1H).

[0494] All of the above organic compounds exhibit normal emission in the blue emission region (455 nm to 465 nm). A refractive index of 1.50 to 1.75, or 633 nm, which is commonly used for measuring refractive index. It is an organic compound whose ordinary refractive index in light is between 1.45 and 1.70.

[0495] (Reference synthesis example 3) The lithium 6-methyl-8-quinolinolato-lithium (abbreviated as Li-6mq) used in the examples. The synthesis method of ) will be explained. The structural formula of Li-6mq is shown.

[0496] [ka]

[0497] 8-Hydroxy-6-methylquinoline 2.0g (12.6 mmol), dehydrated tetrahydroxylindrical 130 mL of Lofran (abbreviated as THF) was placed in a three-necked flask and stirred. Lithium was added to this solution. Um tert-butoxide (abbreviation: tBuOLi) 1M THF solution 10.1 mL 10.1 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 47 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated to obtain a yellow solid. Acetonitrile was added to this solid, and it was subjected to ultrasonic irradiation and filtration to obtain a pale yellow solid. This washing procedure was performed twice. 1.6 g of a pale yellow solid containing Li-6 mq was filtered out (yield 95%). %) was obtained. The synthesis scheme is shown below.

[0498] [ka] [Explanation of symbols]

[0499] CAP layer 101 Electrode 101S electrode 102 electrode 103 units 103S Unit 104 layers 105 layers 106 layers 106A layer 106B layer 111 layers 112 layers 112A layer 112B layer 112C layer 113 layers 113A layer 113B layer 114 layers 114N layer 114P layer 150 Light-Emitting Devices 400 circuit boards 401 Electrode 403 EL layer 404 Electrode 405 sealant 406 Sealant 407 Sealing substrate 412 pads 420 IC chips 513 Charge generation layer 601 Source Line Drive Circuit 602 pixel section 603 Gate wire drive circuit 604 Sealing substrate 605 Sealant 607 Space 608 Wiring 610 circuit board 611 Switching FET 612 Current-Controlled FET 613 Electrode 614 Insulators 616 EL layer 617 Electrode 618 Light-emitting devices 623 FET 700 Function Panel 951 circuit board 952 Electrode 953 Insulating layer 954 Partition layer 955 EL layer 956 Electrode 1001 circuit board 1002 Underlying insulating film 1003 Gate Insulator 10:06 Guard Station 1007 🙏 1008 Gate 1020 Interlayer insulating film 1021 Interlayer insulating film 1022 Electrode 1024B Electrode 1024G electrode 1024R electrode 1024W electrode 1025 Bulkhead 1028 EL layer 1029 Electrode 1031 Sealing substrate 1032 Sealant 1033 Base material 1034B Colored layer 1034G colored layer 1034R colored layer 1035 Black Matrix 1036 Overcoat layer 1037 Interlayer insulating film 1040 pixel section 1041 Drive circuit section 1042 Peripheral area 2001 cabinet 2002 light source 2100 Robots 2101 Illuminance Sensor 2102 Microphone 2103 Top Camera 2104 Speaker 2105 Display 2106 Lower Camera 2107 Obstacle Sensor 2108 Moving mechanism 2110 Arithmetic equipment 3001 Lighting device 5000 cabinets 5001 Display section 5002 Display section 5003 Speaker 5004 LED Lamp 5006 Connection terminal 5007 Sensor 5008 Microphone 5012 Support part 5013 Earphones 5100 Cleaning Robot 5101 Display 5102 Camera 5103 Brush 5104 Operation Buttons 5120 Garbage 5140 Portable electronic devices 5200 display area 5201 Display area 5202 Display area 5203 Display area 7101 enclosure 7103 Display section 7105 Stand 7107 Display section 7109 Operation Keys 7110 Remote Control Unit 7201 Main Unit 7202 enclosure 7203 Display section 7204 Keyboard 7205 External connection port 7206 Pointing device 7210 Display section 7401 enclosure 7402 Display section 7403 Operation Buttons 7404 External connection port 7405 Speaker 7406 Microphone 9310 Mobile Information Terminal 9311 Display Panel 9313 Hinge 9315 enclosure

Claims

1. A blue light-emitting device having a first electrode, a second electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a first layer, The second electrode has a region that overlaps with the first electrode, The light-emitting layer includes a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, The first layer comprises a region sandwiched between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode, The first layer comprises a first organic compound, The first organic compound is a light-emitting device having a paraphotonic refractive index of 1.50 or more and 1.75 or less in the blue wavelength range.

2. A blue light-emitting device having a first electrode, a second electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a first layer, The second electrode has a region that overlaps with the first electrode, The light-emitting layer includes a region sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, The first layer comprises a region sandwiched between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode, The first layer comprises a first organic compound, The first organic compound is a light-emitting device having a paraphotonic refractive index of 1.50 to 1.75 at a wavelength of 455 nm to 465 nm.

3. In claim 1 or claim 2, The first organic compound is a light-emitting device having at least one six-membered heteroaromatic ring containing one to three nitrogen atoms, and having a plurality of aromatic hydrocarbon rings with 6 to 14 carbon atoms forming the ring, at least two of which are benzene rings, and having a plurality of hydrocarbon groups that form bonds in sp3 hybrid orbitals.

4. In any one of claims 1 to 3, A light-emitting device in which the ratio of the number of carbon atoms forming bonds in sp3 hybrid orbitals to the total number of carbon atoms in the molecule of the first organic compound is 10% or more and 60% or less.

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, The second electrode is a light-emitting device containing silver.

6. A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A light-emitting device having at least one of a transistor and a substrate.

7. A light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A display device having at least one of a transistor and a substrate.

8. The light-emitting device according to claim 6, A lighting device having a housing.

9. The display device according to claim 7, An electronic device having at least one of a sensor, an operating button, a speaker, and a microphone.

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