Firefighting components

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire extinguishing composition that has excellent flowability and foaming properties, and minimizes environmental impact. [Solution] A fire extinguishing composition containing (A) an alkyl monoglyceride, (B) an amphoteric surfactant, and (C) an alkyl glucoside, wherein the mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing composition containing an alkyl monoglyceride, a fire extinguishing method using the fire extinguishing composition, and a method using a fire extinguishing liquid obtained by diluting the fire extinguishing composition. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, various types of fire extinguishing agents have been proposed, including gas-based fire extinguishing agents, water-based fire extinguishing agents, powder-based fire extinguishing agents, and foam fire extinguishing agents.

[0003] For example, the gaseous fire extinguishing agent can extinguish fires by covering the burning material with non-combustible carbon dioxide or the like, while the water-based fire extinguishing agent can extinguish fires by exhibiting a high cooling effect and a penetrating effect on the burning material.

[0004] Foam fire extinguishing agents can extinguish fires through a cooling effect and a suffocating effect by covering the burning material, and are mainly used for oil fires. For example, fire extinguishing agents containing fluorinated surfactants, hydrocarbon surfactants, and fluorinated copolymer oligomers containing perfluoroalkyl groups and hydrophilic groups have been disclosed (see Patent Document 1).

[0005] Furthermore, a foam fire extinguishing agent (foam fire extinguishing agent) containing a surfactant containing an aromatic condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon and a fluorinated surfactant containing a fluorinated alkyl group, etc., has been disclosed for fires caused by liquid hazardous materials such as gasoline (see Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-187163 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-252731 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The foam fire extinguishing agent disclosed in Patent Document 1 extinguishes fires by covering the surface of a burning flammable liquid with foam, thereby suppressing the evaporation of the flammable liquid, blocking and suffocating oxygen with the foam, and cooling it down. The foam fire extinguishing agent disclosed in Patent Document 2 achieves rapid fire extinguishing by forming an aqueous film on the surface of liquid hazardous materials such as gasoline. However, while these foam fire extinguishing agents have excellent fire extinguishing capabilities, they contain so-called organofluorine compounds (PFAS), such as fluorine-containing surfactants including perfluoroalkyl groups. Because these PFAS are poorly biodegradable and highly bioaccumulative, there are concerns about their harmful effects on human health and their impact on the deterioration of the global environment. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternatives to fire extinguishing agents that primarily use PFAS.

[0008] Furthermore, while restrictions on the use of PFAS are spreading both domestically and internationally, in Europe and the United States in particular, regulations on PFAS as a whole are being strengthened, and there is a trend toward prohibiting the use of PFAS in foam fire extinguishing agents altogether.

[0009] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a fire extinguishing composition that, compared to conventional fire extinguishing agents, mainly consists of components other than PFAS, which are subject to increasing restrictions on use both domestically and internationally, and exhibits excellent foaming and flow-dispersing properties when extinguishing oil fires. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] As a result of diligent research, the inventors have found that the above problems can be solved with the following fire extinguishing composition.

[0011] In other words, the present invention relates to the following 1. to 3. 1. A fire extinguishing composition comprising (A) an alkyl monoglyceride, (B) an amphoteric surfactant, and (C) an alkyl glucoside, wherein the mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less. 2. A fire extinguishing method comprising the step of applying the fire extinguishing composition to a burning object. 3. A method of using the fire extinguishing liquid, wherein the fire extinguishing composition is further diluted with water to obtain a fire extinguishing liquid, and the water content in the fire extinguishing liquid is 90% by mass or more. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire extinguishing composition that has excellent flowability and foaming properties, and reduces environmental impact. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0014] <Fire extinguishing composition> The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing composition containing (A) an alkyl monoglyceride, (B) an amphoteric surfactant, and (C) an alkyl glucoside, wherein the mass ratio of (A) to (C) ((A) / (C)) is 0.8 or less.

[0015] In this invention, "fire extinguishing composition" means "concentrated liquid" (which may contain water), and a diluted liquid obtained by further diluting the concentrated liquid with water and using it as a practical product means "fire extinguishing liquid". Furthermore, in this invention, "fire extinguishing properties" refer to the properties consisting of foaming properties, fluid spreadability, oil resistance, and fire resistance. "Foaming properties" refer to the ability to form foam. "Fluid spreadability" refers to the ability of foam to wet and spread on oily surfaces (wettability), which is a characteristic that leads to rapid fire extinguishing. "Oil resistance" refers to the ability of foam to persist on oily surfaces, which is a characteristic that leads to the suppression of re-ignition. "Fire resistance" refers to the stability of foam against flames. In addition, "formulation stability" refers to the ability of the formulation to maintain stable properties without solidification or separation.

[0016] [(A) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains (A) alkyl monoglyceride (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (A)"). The aforementioned component (A) is useful because it can produce a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent solubility in water, flowability on the surface of flammable liquids (oils), and foaming properties. The alkyl monoglyceride corresponds to a nonionic surfactant. Further, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing composition lowers the surface tension and the oil-water interfacial tension. Thereby, the water permeability to combustibles during a fire is improved, early fire extinguishing and prevention of re-ignition are improved, and the fire extinguishing performance against nonpolar solvents such as petroleum raw materials can be improved. The component (A) can improve the fluid spreading property while suppressing an increase in the surface tension and the oil-water interfacial tension and maintaining the foaming property.

[0017] From the viewpoints of improving solubility in water, improving fluid spreading property, and improving foaming property, particularly from the viewpoint of foaming property, the component (A) is preferably an alkyl monoglyceride having 8 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms in the alkyl group, more preferably 8 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and still more preferably 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

[0018] From the viewpoints of improving solubility in water, improving fluid spreading property, and improving foaming property, the component (A) preferably contains an alkyl monoglyceride having 8 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms in the alkyl group, preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 85% by mass or more, and still more preferably 90% by mass or more.

[0019] From the viewpoints of improving solubility in water, improving fluid spreading property, and improving foaming property of the component (A), the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value indicating affinity for water or a flammable liquid (oil) is preferably 5.0 or more, more preferably 5.3 or more, and still more preferably 5.5 or more. Also, from the same viewpoints, it is preferably 8.5 or less, more preferably 8.0 or less, and still more preferably 7.8 or less.

[0020] The HLB value of the component (A) is determined by the Griffin's formula shown below. HLB = 20×(1 - S / A) Here, S is the saponification value of the ester (the alkyl monoglyceride), and A is the acid value of the fatty acid constituting the alkyl monoglyceride.

[0021] Furthermore, if the component (A) contains multiple alkyl monoglycerides, the HLB value of component (A) shall be calculated by multiplying the content ratio (mass) of each alkyl monoglyceride by the HLB value of each alkyl monoglyceride, and then dividing the sum of these products by the total content (mass) of each alkyl monoglyceride (weighted average).

[0022] Examples of component (A) include caprylic acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 8, HLB value: 7.2), capric acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 10, HLB value: 6.5), and lauric acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 12, HLB value: 5.3). Among these, caprylic acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 8, HLB value: 7.2) is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of improving solubility in water, improving flowability, and improving foaming properties. Other commercially available products include "Sunsoft 700P-2-C," "Sunsoft 750C," and "Sunsoft 760C" manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku.

[0023] From the viewpoint of improving solubility in water, improving flowability, and improving foaming properties, the content of component (A) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 0.05% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.2% by mass or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, the content of component (A) is preferably 3.0% by mass or less, more preferably 2.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or less.

[0024] [(B) Component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains (B) an amphoteric surfactant (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (B)"). The said (B) component is useful because it can produce a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent foaming properties.

[0025] Examples of component (B) include alkyl or alkenyl betaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenylamide betaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenyl sulfobetaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenylamide sulfobetaine type surfactants, imidazoline type surfactants, amino acid type surfactants, and amine oxide type compounds. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) of the present invention is useful as a foam fire extinguishing composition (foam fire extinguishing agent) by containing component (B), which contributes to foaming, in addition to component (A).

[0026] From the viewpoint of improving foaming properties, component (B) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkylamidopropyl betaine, dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, hydroxysulfobetaine, amine oxide, and carboxymethylhydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, and laurylhydroxysulfobetaine. Other commercially available products include Kao's "Anhitol® 20AB" and "Anhitol® 20HD."

[0027] From the viewpoint of improving foaming properties, the content of component (B) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, the content of component (B) is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 8.5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 7.0% by mass or less.

[0028] The mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of (A) to (B) is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, and even more preferably 0.3 or less, from the viewpoint of improving flowability and foaming ability. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, and even more preferably 0.08 or more.

[0029] [(C) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains (C) alkyl glucoside (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (C)"). The (C) component is useful because it can produce a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent foaming properties and oil resistance. Furthermore, the alkyl glucoside corresponds to a nonionic surfactant, and the concept of alkyl glucoside includes not only alkyl monoglucosides but also alkyl polyglucosides, and consists of a mixture of glucose condensation degrees of different types.

[0030] The aforementioned component (C) includes, for example, decyl glucoside and lauryl glucoside. These may be present individually or in combination of two or more. Other commercially available products include Kao's "MyDoll (registered trademark) 12" and "MyDoll (registered trademark) 10."

[0031] The content of component (C) is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more, in the fire extinguishing composition from the viewpoint of improving foaming properties and oil resistance. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of suppressing the increase in surface tension and oil-water interface tension, it is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 8.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 6% by mass or less.

[0032] The mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less, preferably 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.3 or less, from the viewpoint of achieving both foaming properties and flowability, and improving oil resistance. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.02 or more, and even more preferably 0.03 or more.

[0033] [(D) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may contain a nonionic surfactant (D) other than (A) and (C) above (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (D)"). Component (D) is useful because it can produce a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent flowability and oil resistance.

[0034] The aforementioned component (D) includes, for example, acetylene glycol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, specifically polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyethylene lauryl ether, etc. These can be present individually or in combination of two or more. Other commercially available products include Kao's "Leodor (registered trademark) TW-L120" and "Emulgen (registered trademark) 150."

[0035] Furthermore, the average number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO) added to the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and the polyethylene lauryl ether is preferably 5 to 200 moles, and more preferably 10 to 100 moles, from the viewpoint of improving oil resistance.

[0036] From the viewpoint of improving flowability and oil resistance, the content of component (D) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less.

[0037] The mass ratio of (A) to the sum of (A), (C), and (D) ((A) / ((A)+(C)+(D)) is preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.28 or less, and even more preferably 0.26 or less, from the viewpoint of improving foaming properties. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 0.01 or more, and more preferably 0.02 or more.

[0038] [(E) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may contain (E) an anionic surfactant (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (E)"). The said (E) component is useful in obtaining a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent fire resistance.

[0039] The aforementioned component (E) is, for example, a C12-C22 fatty acid or salt thereof such as sodium laurate, potassium palmitate, arginine stearate; a C12-C22 alkyl sulfate ester or salt thereof such as sodium lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate; a C12-C22 alkyl ether sulfate ester or salt thereof such as polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate triethanolamine; an N-C12-C22 acyl sarcosine or salt thereof such as sodium lauroyl sarcosinate; a C12-C22 alkyl phosphate or salt thereof such as sodium monostearyl phosphate; a polyoxyethylene C12-C22 alkyl ether phosphate or salt thereof such as sodium polyoxyethylene oleyl ether phosphate, sodium polyoxyethylene stearyl ether phosphate; di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate At least one selected from the group consisting of C12-C24 dialkyl sulfosuccinate or salt thereof, such as thorium; C12-C22 N-alkylylmethyl taurate or salt thereof, such as N-stearoyl-N-methyltaurate sodium; N-C12-C22 acyl glutamate or salt thereof, such as dilauroyl glutamate sodium, N-lauroyl glutamate monosodium, N-stearoyl-L-glutamate sodium, N-stearoyl-L-glutamate arginine, N-stearoyl glutamate sodium, N-myristoyl-L-glutamate sodium, etc., and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of C12-C22 alkyl sulfate esters or salt thereof, and C12-C22 alkyl ether sulfate esters or salts thereof. These can be present individually or in combination of two or more. Other commercially available products include Kao's "Emal® 2F Paste" and "Emal® 20T".

[0040] From the viewpoint of improving fire resistance, the content of component (E) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more.

[0041] Furthermore, if the fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains (E) an anionic surfactant, from the viewpoint of improving fire resistance and foaming ability, the mass ratio ((E) / (B)) of (E) to (B) is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less.

[0042] [(F) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may contain (F) an aliphatic alcohol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (F)"). The said (F) component is useful in obtaining a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent fire resistance.

[0043] The aforementioned component (F) may be, for example, a linear or branched aliphatic alcohol, and either saturated or unsaturated, and its carbon number is preferably 8 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and even more preferably 12 or more, from the viewpoint of improving fire resistance. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 18 or less, more preferably 16 or less, and even more preferably 14 or less. These aliphatic alcohols may be present individually or in combination of two or more. In this invention, the aliphatic alcohol of component (F) is a monohydric alcohol.

[0044] The aforementioned component (F) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol (caprin alcohol), lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol, from the viewpoint of improving fire resistance. Other commercially available aliphatic alcohols include Kao's "Calcol (registered trademark) 2098" and "Calcol (registered trademark) 4098."

[0045] From the viewpoint of improving fire resistance, the content of component (F) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.5% by mass or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 7.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 3.0% by mass or less.

[0046] [(G) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may contain (G) a non-aqueous solvent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (G)"), excluding (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F). Component (G) is useful because it can yield a fire extinguishing composition (fire extinguishing agent) with excellent formulation stability.

[0047] The aforementioned component (G) is a non-aqueous solvent other than those described in (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F), and examples include polyols and alkylene glycol ethers that are liquid at 20°C. More specifically, examples include divalent or trivalent alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and glycerin; polyalkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol; monoalkyl ethers of mono or polyalkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether. These can contain any one of them individually, or two or more of them.

[0048] The above (G) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and glycerin, from the viewpoint of improving formulation stability. Examples of commercially available products include "Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether" manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries and "Purified Glycerin" manufactured by Kao Corporation.

[0049] From the viewpoint of improving formulation stability, the content of component (G) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 5.0% by mass or more, more preferably 20.0% by mass or more, and even more preferably 30.0% by mass or more. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 80.0% by mass or less, more preferably 65.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 50.0% by mass or less.

[0050] [(H) component] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may further contain (H) polysaccharides (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "(H) component") in addition to the above-mentioned (A) component. The inclusion of the above-mentioned (H) component in the fire extinguishing composition can improve fire resistance, which is preferable.

[0051] The (H) component is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, guar gum, gellan gum, mannan gum, dieutan gum, carrageenan, starch, agar, pectin, alginic acid, and cellulose derivatives, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum and guar gum.

[0052] From the viewpoint of improving fire resistance, the content of component (H) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more.

[0053] Furthermore, when the fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains component (H), from the viewpoint of improving fire resistance, the mass ratio ((H) / (B)) of component (H) to (B) is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and even more preferably 1 or less.

[0054] From the viewpoint of reducing environmental impact, the fire extinguishing composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and even more preferably substantially no organic fluorine compounds (PFAS). By reducing the amount of PFAS used, and even by eliminating PFAS altogether, the fire extinguishing composition can be made an environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent, which is useful. In this invention, the absence of PFAS means that it is intentionally omitted as a raw material component included in the fire extinguishing composition, and does not exclude the presence of PFAS that is inevitably mixed in. Furthermore, seawater may contain compounds containing fluorine, and the amount of fluorine compounds present in seawater is acceptable.

[0055] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of reducing environmental impact, if the fire extinguishing composition of the present invention contains an organofluorine compound, the mass ratio of the organofluorine compound to (B) (organofluorine compound / (B)) is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less.

[0056] [water] The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention may further contain water in addition to the above-mentioned component (A). The inclusion of water in the fire extinguishing composition is preferable because it makes the components more easily soluble in the formulation. The fire extinguishing composition that uses water here refers to a concentrated liquid (undiluted liquid).

[0057] Furthermore, the water can be tap water, distilled water, or deionized water, and from the viewpoint of improving the stability of the formulation, distilled water and deionized water are preferred.

[0058] From the viewpoint of improving formulation stability, the water content in the fire extinguishing composition (concentrated liquid) is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and from the same viewpoint, preferably 98% by mass or less, more preferably 96% by mass or less.

[0059] [Other ingredients] The fire-extinguishing composition of the present invention may use components other than (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), and water without particular limitation, as long as they do not impair the properties of the present invention. For example, neutralizing agents, rust inhibitors, etc., can be used.

[0060] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving foaming properties, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing composition of the present invention does not contain inorganic powders, silicone components, metal soaps, carbonates, etc.

[0061] The diluted solution (fire extinguishing liquid) obtained by diluting the fire extinguishing composition (concentrated liquid) has a total concentration of (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), and (H) that is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving flowability and foaming properties. Also, from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 4.0% by mass or less, more preferably 2.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or less.

[0062] <Extinguishing method> The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method that includes the step of using the fire extinguishing composition on a burning object. This fire extinguishing method is useful because, by using the fire extinguishing composition whose main component is a component other than PFAS, which is subject to increasing restrictions on use both domestically and internationally, it can reduce concerns about harmful effects on the human body and its impact on the deterioration of the global environment, and it can provide a fire extinguishing method with excellent foaming properties and fluid spreadability when extinguishing oil fires. In particular, the fire extinguishing composition is useful because it can be used as a foam fire extinguishing composition.

[0063] <How to use> The present invention relates to a method of using a fire extinguishing liquid, wherein the fire extinguishing composition is further diluted with water to form a fire extinguishing liquid, and the water content in the fire extinguishing liquid is 90% by mass or more. When extinguishing a fire using the fire extinguishing composition (concentrated liquid) on an actual burning object, a diluted solution of the fire extinguishing composition (concentrated liquid) can be used as the fire extinguishing liquid. Furthermore, in addition to water, seawater can also be used for dilution. In actual oil fires, when using the above-mentioned fire extinguishing method, the fire extinguishing liquid obtained by diluting the fire extinguishing composition (concentrated liquid) with water or the like is supplied to the burning object (combustible material) in a foaming state, for example, using a foaming device (foam cannon, nozzle, etc.). This extinguishing method is achieved through a cooling effect and a suffocating effect by covering the burning material, and is mainly used in oil fires.

[0064] The water content in the fire extinguishing liquid is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 92% by mass or more, and even more preferably 94% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving foaming ability, and from the same viewpoint, preferably 99% by mass or less, more preferably 98% by mass or less, and even more preferably 96% by mass or less.

[0065] <Application> The fire extinguishing composition of the present invention is useful for extinguishing fires such as oil fires because it has excellent fluidity and foaming properties. In particular, the fire extinguishing composition with foaming properties can be used as a foam fire extinguishing composition (foam fire extinguishing agent) and is useful.

[0066] In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention discloses the following. <1> A fire extinguishing composition comprising (A) an alkyl monoglyceride, (B) an amphoteric surfactant, and (C) an alkyl glucoside, wherein the mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less. <2> The above-mentioned component (A) is preferably an alkyl monoglyceride with an alkyl group having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, and even more preferably an alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms. <1> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <3> The above-mentioned component (A) contains, preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 85% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more, an alkyl monoglyceride with an alkyl group having 8 to 10 carbon atoms. <1> or <2> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <4> The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of component (A) is preferably 5.0 or higher, more preferably 5.3 or higher, even more preferably 5.5 or higher, and also preferably 8.5 or lower, more preferably 8.0 or lower, and even more preferably 7.8 or lower. <1> ~ <3> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <5> The aforementioned component (A) is caprylic acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 8, HLB value: 7.2), capric acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 10, HLB value: 6.5), and lauric acid monoglyceride (alkyl group carbon number: 12, HLB value: 5.3). <1> ~ <4> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <6> The content of component (A) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 0.05% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, even more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and preferably 3.0% by mass or less, more preferably 2.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or less. <1> ~ <5> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <7> The component (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl or alkenyl betaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenylamide betaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenyl sulfobetaine type surfactants, alkyl or alkenylamide sulfobetaine type surfactants, imidazoline type surfactants, amino acid type surfactants, and amine oxide type compounds. <1> ~ <6> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <8> The aforementioned component (B) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkylamidopropyl betaine, dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, hydroxysulfobetaine, amine oxide, and carboxymethylhydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, and laurylhydroxysulfobetaine. <1> ~ <7> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <9> The content of component (B) is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 1.0% by mass or more in the fire extinguishing composition. Also, from a similar viewpoint, the content of component (B) is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 8.5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 7.0% by mass or less. <1> ~ <8> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <10> The mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of (A) to (B) is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, even more preferably 0.3 or less, preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, and even more preferably 0.08 or more. <1> ~ <9> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <11> The aforementioned component (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of decyl glucoside and lauryl glucoside. <1> ~ <10> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <12> The content of component (C) is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1.0% by mass or more, preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 8.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 6% by mass or less in the fire extinguishing composition. <1> ~ <11> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <13> The mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less, preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.3 or less, and from the same viewpoint, preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.02 or more, and even more preferably 0.03 or more. <1> ~ <12> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <14> The product contains a nonionic surfactant (D), excluding (A) and (C) above, wherein component (D) is at least one selected from the group consisting of acetylene glycol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether. <1> ~ <13> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <15> The aforementioned component (D) is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and polyethylene lauryl ether. <14> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <16> The average number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO) added to the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is preferably 5 to 200 moles, and more preferably 10 to 100 moles. <14> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <17> The average number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO) added to the polyethylene lauryl ether is preferably 5 to 200 moles, more preferably 10 to 100 moles. <15> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <18> The content of component (D) is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and preferably 15% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass or less, in the fire extinguishing composition. <14> ~ <17> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <19> The mass ratio of (A) to the sum of (A), (C), and (D) ((A) / ((A)+(C)+(D)) is preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.28 or less, even more preferably 0.26 or less, and preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.02 or more. <14> ~ <18> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <20> (E) Contains an anionic surfactant, wherein component (E) is preferably a C12-C22 fatty acid or salt thereof such as sodium laurate, potassium palmitate, arginine stearate; a C12-C22 alkyl sulfate ester or salt thereof such as sodium lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate; a C12-C22 alkyl ether sulfate ester or salt thereof such as polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate triethanolamine; an N-C12-C22 acyl sarcosine or salt thereof such as sodium lauroyl sarcosinate; a C12-C22 alkyl phosphate or salt thereof such as sodium monostearyl phosphate; a polyoxyethylene C12-C22 alkyl ether phosphate or salt thereof such as sodium polyoxyethylene oleyl ether phosphate, sodium polyoxyethylene stearyl ether phosphate; di-2 - At least one selected from the group consisting of dialkyl sulfosuccinates having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, such as sodium ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, or salts thereof; N-alkylyl methyl taurates having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, such as sodium N-stearoyl-N-methyl taurate, or salts thereof; acyl glutamates having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, such as sodium dilauroyl glutamate, monosodium N-lauroyl glutamate, sodium N-stearoyl-L-glutamate, N-stearoyl-L-glutamate arginine, sodium N-stearoyl glutamate, sodium N-myristoyl-L-glutamate, or salts thereof; more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfate esters having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or salts thereof; and alkyl ether sulfate esters having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or salts thereof. <1> ~ <19> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <21> The content of component (E) is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, in the fire extinguishing composition. <20> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <22> When the above-mentioned component (E) is included, the mass ratio ((E) / (B)) of (E) to (B) is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less. <20> or <21> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <23> (F) Contains an aliphatic alcohol, wherein component (F) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol (caprin alcohol), lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of lauryl alcohol and myristyl alcohol. <1> ~ <22> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <24> The content of component (F) is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.3% by mass or more, even more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and preferably 7.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 3.0% by mass or less in the fire extinguishing composition. <23> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <25> (G) contains a non-aqueous solvent, excluding (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F), wherein component (G) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of liquid polyols at 20°C and alkylene glycol ethers, more preferably divalent or trivalent alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and glycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, At least one selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycols of repropylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and monoalkyl ethers of triethylene glycol monobutyl ether or polyalkylene glycols. <1> ~ <24> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <26> The above (G) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and glycerin. <25> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <27> The content of component (G) in the fire extinguishing composition is preferably 5.0% by mass or more, more preferably 20.0% by mass or more, even more preferably 30.0% by mass or more, and preferably 80.0% by mass or less, more preferably 65.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 50.0% by mass or less. <25> or <26> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <28> (H) contains polysaccharides, wherein component (H) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, guar gum, gellan gum, mannan gum, dieutan gum, carrageenan, starch, agar, pectin, alginic acid, and cellulose derivatives, and more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum and guar gum. <1> ~ <27> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <29> The content of component (H) is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 2% by mass or less, and preferably 0.01% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, in the fire extinguishing composition. <28> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <30> When the (H) component is present, the mass ratio ((H) / (B)) of the (H) component to the (B) is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less, and even more preferably 1 or less. <28> or <29> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <31> The content of organofluorine compounds (PFAS) is preferably 0.1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and even more preferably substantially absent. <1> ~ <30> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <32> When the aforementioned organofluorine compound is included, the mass ratio of the organofluorine compound to (B) (organofluorine compound / (B)) is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.05 or less, and even more preferably 0.01 or less. <31> The fire extinguishing composition described above. <33> It contains water, and the water content is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and preferably 98% by mass or less, and more preferably 96% by mass or less, in the fire extinguishing composition. <1> ~ <32> A fire extinguishing composition as described in any of the following. <34> <1> ~ <33> A method of using a fire extinguishing liquid in which a fire extinguishing composition described in any of the above is further diluted with water, and the water content in the fire extinguishing liquid is 90% by mass or more. <35> In addition to water, seawater is used for the aforementioned dilution. <34> Method using the fire extinguishing liquid described above. <36> The water content in the fire extinguishing liquid is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 92% by mass or more, even more preferably 94% by mass or more, and also preferably 99% by mass or less, more preferably 98% by mass or less, and even more preferably 96% by mass or less. <34> Method using the fire extinguishing liquid described above. [Examples]

[0067] The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

[0068] (Example 1) A fire extinguishing composition was prepared by mixing components (A) to (D) and water in the proportions shown in Table 1 to obtain a concentrated solution (stock solution). Artificial seawater (MgCl2·6H2O: 1.10% by mass, CaCl2·2H2O: 0.16% by mass, NaCl: 2.50% by mass, Na2SO4: 0.40% by mass, ion-exchanged water: 95.84% by mass) was added to this to prepare a diluted solution (fire extinguishing solution) with a mass ratio of concentrated solution (stock solution):artificial seawater = 3:97, which was used as the test solution. The concentrated liquid (stock solution) was prepared by placing each component in a beaker and stirring at 20°C until all components were uniformly dissolved. Furthermore, the aforementioned test solution was prepared by placing the concentrated solution (undiluted solution) and artificial seawater in a beaker and stirring and mixing them at 20°C. The aforementioned stirring and mixing was carried out using a general mixer such as a stirring blade or a stirrer.

[0069] (Examples 2-18 and Comparative Examples 1-2) Using the same procedure as in Example 1, concentrated solutions (stock solutions) were prepared using components (A) to (G) and water, according to the respective formulations listed in Tables 1 and 2. Test solutions were then prepared and evaluated using each of the obtained concentrated solutions (stock solutions).

[0070] The following provides detailed information on components (A) through (G), and water. Note that the formulations (proportions) of the concentrated solutions listed in Tables 1 and 2 are calculated by converting the active ingredient concentration to 100%. [(A) component] Caprylic monoglyceride (number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group: 8, HLB value: 7.2) (manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku, product name: Sunsoft 700P-2-C, active ingredient concentration: 100%) • Capric acid monoglyceride (number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group: 10, HLB value: 6.5) (manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku, product name: Sunsoft 760C, active ingredient concentration: 100%) • Lauric acid monoglyceride (number of C atoms in the alkyl group: 12, HLB value: 5.3) (manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku, product name: Sunsoft 750C, active ingredient concentration: 100%) [(B) Component] • Lauryl amidopropyl betaine (manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Anhitoll (registered trademark) 20AB, active ingredient concentration: 30%) [(C) component] • Lauryl glucoside (manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Mydol (registered trademark) 12, active ingredient concentration: 40%) [(D) component] • Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (average number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO) added: 20) (Manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Leodol® TW-L120, active ingredient concentration: 100%) • Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (average number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO) added: 47) (Manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Emulgen® 150, active ingredient concentration: 100%) [(E) component] • Sodium lauryl sulfate (manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Emal® 2F Paste, active ingredient concentration: 30%) [(F) component] • Lauryl alcohol (manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: Calcol (registered trademark) 2098, active ingredient concentration: 100%) [(G) component] • Butylcarbitol (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, active ingredient concentration: 100%) Glycerin (manufactured by Kao Corporation, active ingredient concentration: 100%) [Water] ·Ion-exchanged water (prepared using the cartridge water purifier G-10 manufactured by Organo Corporation)

[0071] For Example 1 and the like, the evaluation results of the fluid spreading property and foaming property shown below are presented in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0072] [Fluid spreading property (foam wettability, wet spreading area)] Put 3 mL of the test solution into a centrifuge tube (15 mL, manufactured by IWAKI), and shake it up and down 30 times by hand to generate foam. Put 100 mL of cyclohexane into a metal tray (vertical 200 mm, horizontal 100 mm, depth 30 mm). On the surface of cyclohexane, use a pipetteman to take out 0.5 mL of the foam near the liquid surface of the test solution after shaking, and drop it on the surface of cyclohexane. Measure the diameter of the spread foam immediately after dropping with a vernier caliper. Considering the foam as circular, calculate the covered area of the foam (mm 2 ) and evaluate the fluid spreading property. The evaluation is performed 4 times in total, and the average value is used for the evaluation of the fluid spreading property. Covered area of the foam (mm 2 ) = Pi × (diameter (mm) / 2) 2

[0073] From the perspective of improving the fluid spreading property, at least when using a fire extinguishing liquid obtained by diluting a fire extinguishing composition (concentrate) containing components (A) to component (C) and water (further, in some cases, component (D)) (for example, see Table 1), preferably 310 mm 2 or more, more preferably 315 mm 2 or more, still more preferably 320 mm 2 or more. Also, from the same perspective, at least in addition to components (A) to component (C) and water, when using a fire extinguishing liquid obtained by diluting a fire extinguishing composition (concentrate) containing component (F) from the perspective of improving fire resistance and component (G) from the perspective of formulation stability (further, in some cases, component (D) and / or component (E)) (for example, see Table 2), preferably 280 mm 2 or more, more preferably 285 mm 2 or more, still more preferably 290 mm 2That concludes the explanation. Furthermore, although the effect of fluidity development is reduced compared to when component (F) is not used, fluidity development can be improved even when component (F) is used.

[0074] [Foaming property] Place 10 mL of the test solution into a centrifuge tube (50 mL, diameter: 29 mm, manufactured by IWAKI Corporation) and shake it up and down by hand about 30 cm 10 times to create bubbles. Read the scale (volume of bubbles) (mL) reached by the bubbles and evaluate the foaming ability. Perform the evaluation a total of three times, and use the average value as the evaluation of foaming ability.

[0075] From the viewpoint of improving foaming ability, the amount of foam is preferably 25 mL or more, more preferably 30 mL or more, and even more preferably 35 mL or more.

[0076] [Table 1]

[0077] [Table 2]

[0078] From the evaluation results in Tables 1 and 2 above, it was confirmed that all examples exhibited excellent flowability and foaming properties.

[0079] On the other hand, as shown in the evaluation results in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that in Comparative Example 1, because component (A) was not included, the flowability was inferior to that of Examples 1 to 12, and all properties could not be satisfied simultaneously. Similarly, in Comparative Example 2, because component (A) was not included, it was confirmed that the flowability was inferior to that of Examples 13 to 18, and all properties could not be satisfied simultaneously. [Industrial applicability]

[0080] The fire-extinguishing composition of the present invention has excellent fluidity and foaming properties, and is particularly useful in oil fires and other similar situations.

Claims

1. (A) Alkyl monoglycerides, (B) Amphoteric surfactants, and (C) Contains alkyl glucoside, A fire extinguishing composition in which the mass ratio ((A) / (C)) of (A) to (C) is 0.8 or less.

2. If the fire extinguishing composition contains an organofluorine compound, The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the organofluorine compound to (B) (organofluorine compound / (B)) is 0.1 or less.

3. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein (A) contains 80% by mass or more of an alkyl monoglyceride in which the alkyl group has 8 or more carbon atoms and 12 or less carbon atoms.

4. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, comprising (D) a nonionic surfactant, excluding (A) and (C) above.

5. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of (A) to the sum of (A), (C), and (D) ((A) / ((A) + (C) + (D)) is 0.3 or less.

6. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of (A) to (B) is 0.5 or less.

7. (E) Contains an anionic surfactant, The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of (E) to (B) ((E) / (B)) is 5 or less.

8. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, wherein (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of amidopropyl betaine, dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, hydroxysulfobetaine, amine oxide, and carboxymethylhydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine.

9. (F) The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 1, which contains an aliphatic alcohol.

10. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 9, comprising (G) a non-aqueous solvent, excluding (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F).

11. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 10, wherein component (G) is at least one selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and glycerin.

12. A fire extinguishing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which contains water.

13. A fire extinguishing method comprising the step of using the fire extinguishing composition described in claim 12 on a burning object.

14. The fire extinguishing composition according to claim 12 is further diluted with water to make a fire extinguishing liquid. A method using the fire extinguishing liquid in which the water content is 90% by mass or more.

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