building

Abstract

To provide a building with multiple floors that can properly manage rainwater and handle overflow during heavy rainfall. [Solution] The building of the present invention is a multi-story building and is configured to include a roof gutter 12 provided on the roof section 10, a first soil cultivation section 16A provided in the outdoor space of the first floor, a second soil cultivation section 16B provided in the outdoor space of the second floor above the first floor, a first channel 24A connected to the roof gutter 12 for directing water in the roof gutter 12 toward the second soil cultivation section 16B, and a through hole 34 formed in the wall 30B surrounding the second soil cultivation section 16B in a portion located above the second soil cultivation section 16B for discharging water that has overflowed onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a building, and particularly to a building provided with a rainwater drainage mechanism.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to guerrilla heavy rain that occurs locally and brings heavy rain in a short time, and heavy rain caused by a linear precipitation band, the drainage treatment by the drainage facilities of residential houses cannot keep up, and the damage caused by rainwater intrusion into the residential houses is increasing. As a countermeasure against such problems, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a water intake is provided in the middle of a downspout, and rainwater flowing down from the downspout above the water intake is divided and flowed into the downspout below the water intake and a water storage tank (water storage cistern). In such a method, when the tank is full of rainwater, the rainwater can flow from the tank to the lower downspout inside the water intake. Also, if the water intake is removed from the tank, the rainwater stored in the tank can be used for watering and the like. Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a method of guiding rainwater that has fallen on the roof of a house to a water storage tank provided outside the house.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in the method of Patent Document 1, when the tank is full, the amount of drainage to the sewer increases. Therefore, if the amount of rainwater drained to the sewer exceeds the drainage capacity on the residential house side due to reasons such as the small capacity of the tank, there is a risk that the rainwater will overflow from the tank and cause damage to the residential house by flooding. Furthermore, the equipment described in Patent Document 2 is difficult to implement in confined spaces where it is difficult to secure space for installing a water storage tank.

[0005] Furthermore, outdoor spaces on the second floor or higher (such as balconies and verandas) are generally only equipped with drainage facilities for rainwater. Therefore, if the rainfall exceeds the drainage capacity of these facilities, rainwater may overflow and seep from the outdoor space into the interior of the building.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its objective is to provide a building with multiple floors that can properly handle rainwater during heavy rainfall and can cope with overflow from outdoor spaces. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The above problem is solved by having a multi-story building that includes a roof gutter on the roof, a first soil cultivation section provided in the outdoor space of the first floor, a second soil cultivation section provided in the outdoor space of the second floor above the first floor, a first channel connected to the roof gutter for directing water from the roof gutter toward the second soil cultivation section, and a through-hole formed in the wall surrounding the second soil cultivation section in a portion located above the second soil cultivation section for discharging water that has overflowed onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section.

[0008] In the building of the present invention configured as described above, a certain amount of rainwater can be stored (retained) in the second soil cultivation section during heavy rain. Furthermore, even if water overflows onto the surface of the soil cultivation section, exceeding its storage capacity, the overflowing water can be drained through the through-holes. As a result, it becomes possible to avoid flooding damage to the interior of the second floor. In addition, if plants are planted in the soil cultivation section, the rainwater stored in the soil can be used to grow plants, and the outdoor spaces on each floor can be greened. In other words, it becomes possible to effectively utilize rainwater and green outdoor spaces.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned building, it is preferable that a portion of the wall surrounding the first soil cultivation area is a first parapet wall that partitions the outdoor space on the first floor, and a portion of the wall surrounding the second soil cultivation area is a second parapet wall that partitions the outdoor space on the second floor, and that through holes are formed in the second parapet wall. According to the above configuration, the walls surrounding the first and second soil cultivation sections can be integrated with the walls that partition the outdoor space, allowing for greening of the outdoor space without the need to prepare separate planters or other equipment. In other words, it becomes possible to achieve building greening in a simple and low-cost manner.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned building, it is preferable that through-holes are formed in the portion of the first parapet wall located above the first soil cultivation section. With the above configuration, water that overflows onto the upper surface of the first soil cultivation section can be drained outside the building through the through-holes, thereby preventing flooding damage to the interior of the first floor.

[0011] Furthermore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned building further includes a horizontal pipe buried within the second soil cultivation section, and a second channel connected to the horizontal pipe for draining water from the second soil cultivation section toward the first soil cultivation section. According to the above configuration, the water stored in the second soil cultivation section flows to the first soil cultivation section through the second channel, making it less likely for water to overflow onto the top surface of the second soil cultivation section. As a result, it becomes possible to avoid flooding damage to the interior of the second floor. In addition, it is possible to improve the drainage of the second soil cultivation section and create soil suitable for plant growth.

[0012] Furthermore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned building also has a water storage section located directly below the second soil cultivation section. According to the above configuration, the water stored in the second soil cultivation section flows into the reservoir, making it less likely for water to overflow onto the top of the second soil cultivation section. As a result, it becomes possible to avoid flooding damage inside the rooms on the second floor. In addition, measures against building flooding can be taken without installing a separate water storage tank. Furthermore, by placing the reservoir directly below the second soil cultivation section, it is possible to reduce the amount of rainwater that flows into gutters and waterways around the building. As a result, flooding and inundation damage in the area surrounding the building can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to improve the drainage of the second soil cultivation section and create soil suitable for plant growth.

[0013] Furthermore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned building has a second channel that receives water overflowing onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section from an opening located above the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section and directs it toward the first soil cultivation section. With the above configuration, water overflowing onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section can be directed towards the first soil cultivation section, thereby preventing flooding into the interior of the second floor.

[0014] Furthermore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned building has a second channel for draining water overflowing from the water storage section toward the first soil cultivation section, from an opening located at the bottom of the second soil cultivation section. With the above configuration, water exceeding the storage capacity of the second soil cultivation section can be diverted to the first soil cultivation section, thereby preventing flooding damage to the interior of the second floor.

[0015] Furthermore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned building also includes an overflow pipe for draining water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section from the outdoor space provided on the second floor. With the above configuration, it becomes possible to drain the water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section to a suitable location outside the building.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned building, it is preferable that multiple first channels are provided in a manner aligned in the direction of extension of the roof gutter, and that each of the first channels is composed of a downpipe. According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a planting where plants suitable for wall greening climb on the vertical downspout. As a result, it is possible to suppress rainwater from directly blowing into the outdoor space on the second floor. In addition, the temperature rise of the building wall surface is expected to be suppressed by the blocking of direct sunlight by the plants and the transpiration effect.

[0017] Further, in the above building, it is preferable that a plurality of second flow paths are provided side by side in the extending direction of the roof gutter, and each second flow path is constituted by a vertical downspout. According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a planting where plants suitable for wall greening climb on the vertical downspout. As a result, it is possible to suppress rainwater from directly blowing into the outdoor space on the first floor. In addition, the temperature rise of the building wall surface is expected to be suppressed by the blocking of direct sunlight by the plants and the transpiration effect.

[0018] Further, in the above building, it is preferable that a member that defines the boundary between the lower end of the second soil cultivation part and the water storage part is provided between the second soil cultivation part and the water storage part. According to the above configuration, the amount of water stored in the second soil cultivation part can be adjusted, and the second soil cultivation part can be made into soil more suitable for the growth of plants.

Effect of the Invention

[0019] According to the building of the present invention, even during heavy rain, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the indoor space from the outdoor space on the second floor and above.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] [Figure 1] It is a front view schematically showing a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a view showing the state of the second-floor balcony of the building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a view showing a cross-sectional view of the building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a view showing a top view of the second floor of the building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5A] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the drainage mechanism of the building, showing the situation under normal conditions (before rainfall). [Figure 5B] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the drainage mechanism of the building, showing its condition during heavy rainfall. [Figure 6] This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modified example 1 of the drainage mechanism. [Figure 7] This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modified example 2 of the drainage mechanism. [Figure 8] This figure shows a modified example 3 of the drainage mechanism, and is a schematic front view of the building relating to modified example 3. [Figure 9] This figure shows the second-floor balcony of the building in Figure 8. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0021] <<Regarding a building according to one embodiment of the present invention>> Hereinafter, a building according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, this embodiment) will be described with reference to the attached drawings. Hereinafter, the embodiment described below is merely an example to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. That is, the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from its spirit. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. Please note that in the drawings, the structure of each component is simplified and schematic for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, the sizes (dimensions) of each component and the spacing between them shown in the drawings may differ from the actual dimensions.

[0022] In this specification, “horizontal,” “vertical,” “orthogonal,” and “parallel” include a range of errors that are generally acceptable in the art of the present invention, and also include deviations of less than a few degrees (e.g., 2-3°) from strictly horizontal, vertical, orthogonal, and parallel. In the following explanation, the vertical direction refers to the up-down direction. The width direction of the soil cultivation section corresponds to the left-right direction of the soil cultivation section when viewed from the front, and the front-to-back direction of the soil cultivation section corresponds to the direction perpendicular to both the vertical direction and the width direction of the soil cultivation section.

[0023] In this specification, "outdoor space" refers to an outdoor space that has a floor that extends outward from the exterior wall of a building and is also enclosed within the building's interior, such as a balcony, veranda, or terrace. Furthermore, in this specification, "outside the building" means the space outside the building, specifically the space located outside the outdoor space.

[0024] The building of the present invention is used for the purpose of properly draining rainwater and avoiding flood damage caused by heavy rain. In the following description, a two-story detached house with an outdoor space (hereinafter referred to as "house") will be given as an example of a building. However, the building of the present invention may be any multi-story building with an outdoor space, and may be a building other than a house, such as an apartment building, public facility, commercial facility, etc. Also, it may be a building other than a two-story building, such as a three-story building. The house in this embodiment is a house having a first floor and a second floor, with outdoor space on each floor, for example, a house like the one shown in Figures 1 to 3 (hereinafter referred to as House H). In this invention, the first floor of House H corresponds to the first floor of the present invention, and the second floor of House H corresponds to the second floor, which is a floor above the first floor.

[0025] The house H according to this embodiment includes an internal gutter 12 provided on the roof 10, a first soil cultivation section 16A provided on the first-floor balcony 14A, a second soil cultivation section 16B provided on the second-floor balcony 14B, a first water storage section 20A located directly below the first soil cultivation section 16A, a second water storage section 20B located directly below the second soil cultivation section 16B, a downpipe 24 that carries water from the internal gutter 12 to the soil cultivation section 16 (hereinafter, when referring to both the "first soil cultivation section" and the "second soil cultivation section", it is simply referred to as the "soil cultivation section"), and a horizontal pipe 25 that allows the water flowing from the downpipe 24 to permeate into the soil cultivation section 16. Furthermore, in the following, when referring to both the "first-floor balcony" and the "second-floor balcony," the term "balcony" will be used simply. Furthermore, in the following, when referring to both the "First Reservoir" and the "Second Reservoir," the term "reservoir" will be used simply.

[0026] Each balcony 14 on each floor is separated from the exterior space of the building by a parapet wall 26. Specifically, the first-floor balcony 14A has a first parapet wall 26A erected on the exterior side of its floor 15, and the second-floor balcony 14B has a second parapet wall 26B erected on the exterior side of its floor 15. In other words, the first-floor balcony 14A is a space separated from the outside of the building by the first parapet wall 26A, and the second-floor balcony 14B is a space separated from the outside of the building by the second parapet wall 26B. Furthermore, each balcony 14 on each floor is separated from the interior space R by the exterior wall 27 of the house H, and a sliding window W is provided in the exterior wall 27. In this invention, the balcony 14A on the first floor corresponds to the "outdoor space provided on the first floor," and the balcony 14B on the second floor corresponds to the "outdoor space provided on the second floor."

[0027] The internal gutter 12 corresponds to the "roof gutter" of the present invention and is a concave portion (groove) formed near the eaves of the sloping roof section 10, and is configured to receive rainwater that falls on the roof section 10. The internal gutter 12 is also connected to the downpipe 24, which will be described later. Furthermore, the roof gutter is not limited to an internal gutter, as long as it can collect rainwater from the roof section 10; for example, it may also be an eave gutter installed at the eaves of the roof section.

[0028] The soil cultivation section 16 is composed of soil for cultivating plants (plant soil) and is housed in the soil storage section 18. Specifically, the first soil cultivation section 16A is housed in the concave first soil storage section 18A, and the second soil cultivation section 16B is housed in the concave second soil storage section 18B. Each soil cultivation section 16 stores (retains) a certain amount of rainwater, and drains any water that exceeds the soil's storage capacity. Trees and flowers are planted in each soil cultivation section 16, forming planted areas 29 on the balconies 14 on each floor.

[0029] The type and amount of soil cultivation section 16 used are not particularly limited, as long as they are suitable for the characteristics of the plants to be planted and have a good balance of water retention and drainage. Furthermore, they can be appropriately selected according to the type and amount of plants to be grown in the soil cultivation section 16, and the size and number of through holes 34. In particular, the type of plants that form the planting 29 can be freely chosen as long as they are suitable for planting 29, but it is preferable to select plants or trees that are suitable for green walls. In that case, the planting 29 will form a so-called green curtain, making it possible to block rain and direct sunlight from entering the balcony 14.

[0030] The first soil storage section 18A is constructed so as to surround the first soil cultivation section 16A with a wall 30A erected on the floor 15 of the first-floor balcony 14A. In other words, the first soil storage section 18A and the first soil cultivation section 16A contained within it constitute a planter on the first-floor balcony 14A. Furthermore, a portion of the wall 30A is made of the first low wall 26A. That is, the wall 30A is made of the same material as the first low wall 26A and is formed integrally with the first low wall 26A. This makes it possible to green the first-floor balcony 14A without having to prepare separate planters or the like.

[0031] The first parapet wall 26A has through-holes 34 formed in a portion located above the upper end (top surface) of the first soil cultivation section 16A. The through-holes 34 can drain water that overflows from the top surface of the first soil cultivation section 16A to the outside of the building. The size and number of through-holes 34 are not particularly limited, as long as they can drain water that overflows from the top surface of the first soil cultivation section 16A (hereinafter also referred to as overflow water) to the outside of the building to the extent that it does not flow into the balcony 14A.

[0032] The second soil storage section 18B is constructed so as to surround the second soil cultivation section 16B with a wall 30B erected on the floor 15 of the second-floor balcony 14B. In other words, the second soil storage section 18B and the second soil cultivation section 16B contained within it constitute a planter on the second-floor balcony 14B. Furthermore, a portion of the wall 30B is made of the second low wall 26B. That is, the wall 30B is made of the same material as the second low wall 26B and is formed integrally with the second low wall 26B. This makes it possible to green the second-floor balcony 14B without having to prepare separate planters or the like.

[0033] The second parapet wall 26B has through-holes 34 formed in a portion located above the upper end (top surface) of the second soil cultivation section 16B. The through-holes 34 allow water that overflows from the top surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B to drain outside the building (arrows in Figure 4). The size and number of through-holes 34 are not particularly limited, as long as they can drain the overflow water that overflows from the top surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B outside the building to the extent that it does not flow into the balcony 14B.

[0034] The arrangement spaces for the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B, specifically the arrangement spaces for the first soil storage section 18A and the second soil storage section 18B, are located in positions that overlap each other in the vertical direction. While these arrangement spaces are not particularly limited, it is preferable that at least a portion of the arrangement space for the first soil cultivation section 16A overlaps vertically with at least a portion of the arrangement space for the second soil cultivation section 16B. This is because it facilitates the installation of the downpipe 24 that passes through the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B.

[0035] The first water storage section 20A is a water storage tank located directly below the first soil cultivation section 16A, via a water retention and drainage panel 32 or nonwoven fabric (not shown) placed at the bottom of the first soil storage section 18A, and stores a certain amount of water that exceeds the storage capacity of the first soil cultivation section 16A. The second water storage section 20B is a water storage tank located directly below the second soil cultivation section 16B, via a water retention and drainage panel 32 and nonwoven fabric (not shown) placed at the bottom of the second soil storage section 18B, and stores a certain amount of water that exceeds the storage capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B.

[0036] The water retention and drainage panel 32 and the nonwoven fabric are components that define the boundary between the first soil cultivation section 16A and the first water storage section 20A, and the boundary between the second soil cultivation section 16B and the second water storage section 20B. The water retention and drainage panel 32 is made of a sheet with an uneven surface, and while it stores a certain amount of water, any water exceeding the storage capacity of the soil cultivation section 16 can be dropped into the water storage section 20. The nonwoven fabric is a component that prevents the soil cultivation section 16 from flowing out. A grating 33 is provided below the water retention and drainage panel 32 to prevent the soil cultivation section 16 and the water retention and drainage panel 32 from falling into the first water storage section 20A and the second water storage section 20B due to the weight of the soil cultivation section 16, etc.

[0037] The downpipe 24 is connected to the internal gutter 12 and the horizontal pipe 25, and is configured to drain rainwater that falls on the roof section 10 towards the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B. Specifically, the downpipe 24 consists of a first downpipe 24A, one end of which is connected to the internal gutter 12 and the other end of which is connected to the first horizontal pipe 25A buried in the second soil cultivation section 16B; a second downpipe 24B, one end of which is connected to the first horizontal pipe 25A and the other end of which is connected to the second horizontal pipe 25B buried in the first soil cultivation section 16A; and a third downpipe 24C, one end of which is connected to the second horizontal pipe 25B and the other end of which leads to the sewer or biotope 36. Hereafter, when referring to both "first horizontal pipe 25A" and "second horizontal pipe 25B," the term "horizontal pipe 25" will be used.

[0038] The first downpipe 24A is a first channel for draining water from the inner pipe 12 toward the second soil cultivation section 16B, the second downpipe 24B is connected to the first horizontal pipe 25A and is a second channel for draining water exceeding the storage capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B toward the first soil cultivation section 16A, and the third downpipe 24C is connected to the second horizontal pipe 25B and is a third channel for draining water exceeding the storage capacity of the first soil cultivation section 16A toward the sewer or biotope 36.

[0039] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, multiple (three in Figure 4) first downpipes 24A are provided on the exterior walls 27 and corners of the house H. The method of installing the first downpipes 24A is not particularly limited. As in this embodiment, they may be installed by penetrating the roof section 10, or, in the case of eaves gutters, the first downpipes 24A may be routed from the roof section 10 to near the exterior wall and installed along the exterior wall 27. Furthermore, the first downpipe 24A is connected to the upper surface of the first horizontal pipe 25A via an orifice (not shown). The orifice is configured to allow rainwater that has flowed out from the inner gutter 12 to flow into the first horizontal pipe 25A once a certain amount has accumulated.

[0040] The second downpipe 24B is also installed in a position that overlaps with the first downpipe 24A in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the second downpipe 24B is connected from the lower surface of the first horizontal pipe 25A to the upper surface of the second horizontal pipe 25B via an orifice (not shown). The orifice is configured so that when a certain amount of water discharged from the first horizontal pipe 25A is stored, it flows out to the second horizontal pipe 25B through the second downpipe 24B. Furthermore, a nonwoven fabric or purification device is installed midway along the second downpipe 24B to prevent soil from the second soil cultivation section 16B and other foreign matter contained in the water discharged from the first horizontal pipe 25A from flowing down to the floor below.

[0041] Multiple third downpipes 24C are provided at intervals in the direction of extension of the second horizontal pipe 25B. The third downpipe 24C is connected from the underside of the second horizontal pipe 25B to a pipe that carries water to the biotope 36 and the sewer. Furthermore, a non-woven fabric and a purification device are installed at an intermediate position in the third downpipe 24C to prevent soil and foreign matter contained in the water discharged from the second horizontal pipe 25B from being discharged into the sewer system.

[0042] The first downpipe 24A and the second downpipe 24B may each be constructed by connecting multiple pipes using joints (not shown). The joints should be used according to the installation location, the average rainfall in the building's location area, and the soil volume. This makes it possible to remove the downpipe 24 and clean the dirt inside it. Alternatively, a nonwoven fabric may be placed inside the flow channel of the joint to remove soil, gravel (small stones and sand), and other foreign matter that flows into the flow channel mixed with water from the inner trough 12 and the first soil cultivation section 16A.

[0043] The number of downpipes 1 through 3 (24A to 24C) can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the soil cultivation section 16 and the plants 29, the structure and characteristics of the downpipes 24, horizontal pipes 25, orifices, etc. (e.g., material, inner diameter, type), and the average rainfall in the area where the building is located.

[0044] The horizontal pipe 25 is a perforated pipe (specifically, a fully perforated pipe), and is configured to supply water flowing in from the upper floor through the downpipe 24 and water absorbed from the soil cultivation section 16 to the soil cultivation section 16 on the lower floor. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the second horizontal pipe 25B is buried in the second soil cultivation section 16B along the low wall 26, and discharges and permeates the water flowing in from the first downpipe 24A into the second soil cultivation section 16B. On the other hand, it also absorbs excess water in the second soil cultivation section 16B and discharges it into the second downpipe 24B. The first horizontal pipe 25A, like the second horizontal pipe 25B, is buried in the first soil cultivation section 16A and discharges and allows water flowing in from the second downpipe 24B into the first soil cultivation section 16A. On the other hand, it also absorbs excess water in the first soil cultivation section 16A and discharges it into the third downpipe 24C.

[0045] Next, with reference to Figures 3-5, the rainwater drainage treatment in the house H of this embodiment will be described. Under normal conditions (before rainfall), as shown in Figure 5A, the downpipe 24, horizontal pipe 25, and water storage section 20 are empty or nearly empty, and the water retention capacity of the soil cultivation section 16 is low.

[0046] In the event of light rain, rainwater that falls on the roof section 10 is collected in the internal gutter 12 and flows into the first downpipe 24A. When a certain amount of rainwater accumulates in the orifice installed in the first downpipe 24A, it is drained into the first horizontal pipe 25A. The water discharged into the first horizontal pipe 25A permeates from the first horizontal pipe 25A into the entire second soil cultivation section 16B, increasing the water retention capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B. When the water retention capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B reaches saturation, rainwater can no longer permeate from the first horizontal pipe 25A into the second soil cultivation section 16B, and the amount of rainwater in the first horizontal pipe 25A begins to increase and is discharged into the second downpipe 24B. Also, when the water retention capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B reaches saturation, excess water begins to fall from the second soil cultivation section 16B into the second water storage section 20B.

[0047] Rainwater flowing into the second downpipe 24B is drained into the second horizontal pipe 25B once a certain amount of rainwater has accumulated in the orifice. The water discharged into the second horizontal pipe 25B permeates from the second horizontal pipe 25B into the entire first soil cultivation section 16A, increasing the water retention capacity of the first soil cultivation section 16A. When the water retention capacity of the first soil cultivation section 16A reaches saturation, rainwater can no longer permeate from the second horizontal pipe 25B into the first soil cultivation section 16A, and the amount of rainwater in the second horizontal pipe 25B begins to increase and is discharged into the third downpipe 24C. At the same time, when the water retention capacity of the first soil cultivation section 16A reaches saturation, excess water begins to fall from the first soil cultivation section 16A into the first water storage section 20A.

[0048] In the event of heavy rainfall such as torrential downpours, the amount of water flowing through all drainage pipes (first downpipe 24A, second downpipe 24B, first horizontal pipe 25A, and second horizontal pipe 25B) increases, as shown in Figure 5B. Furthermore, when the water exceeds the storage capacity (water retention capacity) of the second soil cultivation section 16B, the second water storage section 20B, the first soil cultivation section 16A, and the first water storage section 20A, water overflows onto the upper surfaces of the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B and begins to accumulate on the upper surface of the soil cultivation section 16. When the water level caused by the overflow from the soil cultivation section 16 reaches the height of the through-hole 34 provided in the parapet wall 26, the water is discharged outside the building through the through-hole 34.

[0049] According to the present invention, in a building with multiple floors, rainwater can be properly managed during heavy rainfall. Specifically, on the upper floors, rainwater can be stored in the soil cultivation section 16 and the water storage section 20, and excess water can be sent to the lower floors or the sewer. Furthermore, any water that overflows onto the upper surface of the soil cultivation section 16 can be discharged outside the building through the through-hole 34 in the parapet wall 26, thus preventing overflow water from entering the interior of the building. Furthermore, the water reservoir 20 located directly below the soil cultivation section 16 makes it difficult for water to overflow onto the top surface of the soil cultivation section 16. This prevents overflow water from entering the chamber. Furthermore, by providing water storage units 20 on each floor, the amount of water discharged into drainage ditches located in the building's area can be reduced, thereby preventing flooding in the surrounding area. As a result, it becomes possible to contribute to mitigating urban flooding. Furthermore, by allowing rainwater that falls on the roof to flow into the soil on each floor, it becomes possible to grow plants in the soil cultivation section 16 and green the balcony without the need for manual irrigation.

[0050] <<Regarding other embodiments>> Although one embodiment relating to the building of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely an example to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. In other words, the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from its spirit. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

[0051] Furthermore, other embodiments (modified versions) of the present invention that differ from the embodiments described above are conceivable. The modified versions will be described below. In the following, the differences from the embodiments described above will be the main focus, and common points will be omitted from the explanation.

[0052] (Variation 1) In the above embodiment of the house H, rainwater that falls on the roof section 10 is drained to the soil cultivation section 16 using a downpipe 24 and a horizontal pipe 25 that are connected to the internal gutter 12. However, the invention is not limited to this, and for example, if the area where the soil cultivation section 16 is provided is small, as shown in Figure 6, the horizontal pipe 25 may not be provided, and the house may be configured with two separate downpipes 42, specifically, a first downpipe 42A whose first channel is connected to the internal gutter 12 at one end and whose other end is open above the second soil cultivation section 16B, and a second downpipe 42B whose second channel is an open end positioned above the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B, receiving water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B and directing it towards the first soil cultivation section 16A.

[0053] Rainwater in the internal gutter 12 passes through the first downpipe 42A and is discharged from above the second soil cultivation section 16B. The water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B flows into the opening of the second downpipe 42B and is discharged above the first soil cultivation section 16A.

[0054] Furthermore, while the house H discharges water overflowing from the upper surfaces of the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B to the outside of the building through the through-hole 34, it may also be equipped with an overflow pipe 38 that leads from the through-hole 34 to the outside of the building, such as a biotope 36 or a sewer pipe. This prevents water overflowing from the upper surfaces of the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B from entering the interior of the building.

[0055] (Modification 2) In the house H according to the above embodiment, rainwater that falls on the roof 10 is allowed to permeate and be retained in the soil cultivation section 16 using a downpipe 24 and a horizontal pipe 25 connected to the internal gutter 12. However, the invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in Figure 7, a bottom water-absorbing member 44 may be provided between the second soil cultivation section 16B and the water storage section 23, allowing water to permeate from the water storage section 23 to the second soil cultivation section 16B. Specifically, the horizontal pipe 25 may not be provided, and the configuration may consist of two separate downpipes 48, more specifically, a first downpipe 42A with one end connected to the internal gutter 12 and the other end open above the second soil cultivation section 16B, and a second downpipe 46 with one end positioned at the bottom of the second soil cultivation section 16B and the other end open above the first soil cultivation section 16A. An orifice is provided at the end of the second downpipe 46, which is located on the bottom surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B, so that water inside the second downpipe 46 is discharged to the other end through the orifice.

[0056] The bottom water-absorbing member 44 is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of utilizing the water retention capacity and pores of the soil to absorb water from the water storage section 23 from the bottom of the second soil cultivation section 16B and permeate the water throughout the soil, and can use a configuration similar to that of a general bottom water-storage type planter. For example, the bottom water-absorbing member 44 may be configured to irrigate from the bottom via a nonwoven fabric that utilizes capillary action, or it may have a structure that includes an air layer between the water storage section and the soil section to prevent the plants from drying out.

[0057] Furthermore, any water that overflows from the water storage section 23, specifically water that exceeds the water level (L2) when the water storage section 23 is full, flows into the second downpipe 46 through the opening of the second downpipe 46 located at the bottom of the second soil cultivation section 16B, and is discharged downward through the second downpipe 46. The water storage section 23 is a water storage space or tank provided for irrigating the second soil cultivation section 16B, and is configured to maintain the water level in the water storage section 23 at full capacity (L2) from normal conditions (before rainfall). The water storage section 23 may also have a drain plug (not shown) for cleaning and other maintenance.

[0058] Furthermore, while the house H discharges water overflowing from the upper surfaces of the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B to the outside of the building through the through-hole 34, an overflow pipe 40 extending from the upper surfaces of the first soil cultivation section 16A and the second soil cultivation section 16B toward the sewer pipe or biotope 36 may also be connected to the through-hole 34. One end of the overflow pipe 40 is provided with an open end positioned above the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B. The inner diameter of the overflow pipe 40 can be used according to the average rainfall in the building's location, the type and amount of soil, and the type of plants, etc.

[0059] Under normal conditions (before rainfall), the water storage section 23 is filled with water up to the position (L2) where the bottom water absorption member 44, which is in contact with the second soil cultivation section 16B, is installed, supplying water to the soil from the bottom of the second soil cultivation section 16B. During light rainfall, rainwater is discharged from the inner gutter 12 through the first downpipe 42A to the top surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B. When the water retention capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B reaches saturation and exceeds the amount of water that the water storage section 23 can store (L2), the water is discharged to the first soil cultivation section 16A through the orifice provided in the second downpipe 46. On the other hand, during heavy rainfall such as torrential downpours, when the water retention capacity of the second soil cultivation section 16B reaches saturation and also exceeds the drainage capacity when using the second downpipe 46, water overflows onto the top surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B. When the water level overflowing onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B reaches the position (L1) where the through-hole 34 and the overflow pipe 38 openings are provided, the water is discharged outside the building through the through-hole 34 and the overflow pipe 38. This prevents the water overflowing onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section 16B from entering the interior of the building.

[0060] (Variation 3) In the house H according to the above embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, downpipes 24, specifically the first downpipe 24A and the second downpipe 24B, were installed only at the corners and along the walls of the house H to allow rainwater to flow from top to bottom. However, the invention is not limited to this, and multiple downpipes 24 of Modification 1 may be installed in a manner aligned in the direction of extension of the internal gutter, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 (the area enclosed by the dotted line in Figure 8). This makes it possible to allow rainwater to permeate the entire soil. Furthermore, it becomes possible to wrap climbing plants, for example, around each downpipe 24 to create a green wall. As a result, a so-called green curtain can be formed in the outdoor space of the building, blocking rain and direct sunlight from entering the balcony. It is also possible to achieve effects such as mitigating the heat island effect. Moreover, the effect of the green curtain makes it possible to use the balcony as if it were an indoor space.

[0061] Furthermore, the downpipe 24 may also be a water conduit for irrigation. In that case, it becomes possible to grow plants wrapped around the downpipe (water conduit) without watering them, in addition to the soil. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] 10. Roof section 12 Inner gutter 14 Balcony 14A First floor balcony 14B Second floor balcony 15 beds 16. Soil Cultivation Department 16A 1st Soil Cultivation Section 16B Second Soil Cultivation Section 18. Soil containment section 18A First Soil Containment Section 18B Second Soil Containment Section 20, 23 Water storage section 20A First Water Storage Unit 20B Second Water Reservoir 24, 42, 48 Downpipe 24A, 42A 1st downpipe 24B, 42B, 46 2nd downpipe 24C 3rd downpipe 25 Horizontal draw pipe 25A 1st horizontal draw pipe 25B 2nd horizontal draw pipe 26 Wainscoting 26A First wainscoting 26B Second low wall 27 Exterior Wall 29 Planting 30A, 30B wall 32 Water retention and drainage panels 33 Grating 34 Through holes 36 Biotope 38, 40 Overflow pipe 44 Bottom water absorption member H Housing R Indoor space W sliding window

Claims

1. It is a multi-story building, A roof gutter installed on the roof, The first soil cultivation section is located in the outdoor space on the first floor, A second soil cultivation section is provided in the outdoor space of the second floor, which is located above the first floor, A first channel is connected to the aforementioned roof gutter and is used to direct water from the roof gutter toward the second soil cultivation section, A building having a through-hole formed in the wall surrounding the second soil cultivation section, in a portion located above the second soil cultivation section, for draining water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section.

2. The building according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the wall surrounding the first soil cultivation area is a first parapet wall that partitions the outdoor space provided on the first floor, and a portion of the wall surrounding the second soil cultivation area is a second parapet wall that partitions the outdoor space provided on the second floor, and the through-hole is formed in the second parapet wall.

3. The building according to claim 2, wherein the through-hole is formed in the portion of the first parapet wall located above the first soil cultivation section.

4. A horizontal pipe buried within the second soil cultivation section, The building according to claim 1, further comprising a second channel connected to the horizontal pipe for directing water from the second soil cultivation section toward the first soil cultivation section.

5. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a water storage section located directly below the second soil cultivation section.

6. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a second channel for receiving water that overflows onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section from an opening positioned above the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section and directing it toward the first soil cultivation section.

7. The building according to claim 5, further comprising a second channel for draining water overflowing from the water storage section toward the first soil cultivation section, from an open end located at the bottom surface of the second soil cultivation section.

8. The building according to claim 1, further comprising an overflow pipe for discharging water that has overflowed onto the upper surface of the second soil cultivation section from the outdoor space provided on the second floor.

9. The building according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first channels are provided in a manner aligned in the direction of extension of the roof gutter, and each of the first channels is composed of a downpipe.

10. The building according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the second channels are provided in a manner aligned in the direction of extension of the roof gutter, and each of the second channels is composed of a downpipe.

11. The building according to claim 5, wherein a member is provided between the second soil cultivation section and the water storage section to define the boundary between the lower end of the second soil cultivation section and the water storage section.

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