Sash structure and opening reinforcement material

Abstract

The present invention provides a sash structure that improves the thermal insulation of window glass in openings where opening reinforcement materials such as anti-fall members are provided. [Solution] The sash structure 20 includes an opening reinforcement member 10 used as a glass fall prevention member to prevent glass members from falling in the event of a fire or the like in an opening having a window glass 15 and a frame (holding member) 21. The opening reinforcement member 10 has a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a sash structure in an opening having a window glass and an opening reinforcing member used in an opening having a window glass.

Background Art

[0002] Currently, towards a decarbonized society, efforts are being made to improve the heat insulation performance of buildings. Heat intrusion into buildings occurs frequently through the openings in the buildings. Most of the openings in buildings are closed by window glass. Therefore, improving the heat insulation of window glass is important for enhancing the heat insulation of buildings.

[0003] Window glass is generally composed of a glass plate held by a holding member such as a frame. In addition, window glass used in fire protection equipment may be provided with a U-shaped drop prevention member, for example, inside a groove of the frame, to prevent the glass plate from falling. As the drop prevention member, a drop prevention fitting formed by bending a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate or a steel plate is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, when a drop prevention member is used in window glass, the metal drop prevention member becomes a heat bridge and is a factor in reducing the heat insulation of fire protection equipment.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sash structure that improves the heat insulation of window glass in an opening provided with an opening reinforcing member such as a drop prevention member.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] As a result of diligent research, the present invention has been found to solve the above problems by using an opening reinforcement material with a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less for use in window glass, and has been completed as follows. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [6]. [1] A sash structure comprising an opening with a windowpane, which is equipped with an opening reinforcing material having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less. [2] The sash structure according to [1] above, wherein the thickness of the opening reinforcing material is 2 mm or less. [3] The sash structure according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the opening reinforcing material is made of fiber-reinforced plastic. [4] The sash structure according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the opening reinforcing material is made of metal composite plastic. [5] The sash structure according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the opening reinforcing material is made of a plastic having a sintering function. [6] An opening reinforcement material used in an opening with window glass, wherein the thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K) or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, the thermal insulation performance of window glass can be improved in an opening where an opening reinforcing material is provided. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing an opening reinforcement material in one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view showing the sash structure in one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, using embodiments. [Opening reinforcement material] Figure 1 shows an opening reinforcement member 10 in one embodiment of the present invention. The opening reinforcement member 10 is used in an opening with window glass. Furthermore, as will be described later, the opening reinforcement member 10 is preferably used as a glass fall prevention member to prevent glass members from falling in the event of a fire or the like.

[0011] As shown in Figure 1, the opening reinforcement member 10 comprises, for example, a bottom plate-like portion 11 and a pair of side plate-like portions 12 and 13 erected on both sides of the bottom plate-like portion 11, and has a U-shaped cross-section. The opening reinforcement member 10 is used by being placed inside a groove that holds a glass member, as will be described later. However, the shape of the opening reinforcement member 10 may be an L-shaped member with one of the side plate-like portions 12 and 13 omitted, or it may be a shape other than those known as opening reinforcement members. For example, it may have a shape in which the bottom plate-like portion or the side plate-like portion is further bent. Furthermore, it may be a shape composed of multiple plate-like portions.

[0012] In the present invention, the opening reinforcement material 10 has a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less. If the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10 exceeds 10 W / (m·K), the opening reinforcement material 10 acts as a thermal bridge, reducing the thermal insulation performance of the window glass. From the viewpoint of thermal insulation, the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10 is preferably 5 W / (m·K) or less, more preferably 1 W / (m·K) or less, and even more preferably 0.5 W / (m·K) or less. Furthermore, the lower the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10, the better; it should be 0 W / (m·K) or more, but practically, it may be, for example, 0.001 W / (m·K) or more, or even 0.01 W / (m·K). The method for measuring the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10 is as described in the embodiments below, but it is preferable that the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10 in the thickness direction (in this embodiment, the thickness direction of the bottom plate-like portion 11 and the side plate-like portions 12 and 13) be within the above range. Alternatively, an evaluation body may be formed using the same composition and molding method as the opening reinforcement material 10, and the thermal conductivity measured on the evaluation body may be taken as the thermal conductivity of the opening reinforcement material 10.

[0013] The thickness of the opening reinforcement material 10, that is, the thickness of the bottom plate-like portion 11 and the side plate-like portions 12 and 13, is preferably 2 mm or less. A thickness of 2 mm or less for the opening reinforcement material 10 makes it easier to form a large space between the holding member and the glass member, thereby improving heat insulation. More preferably, the thickness of the opening reinforcement material 10 is 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.8 mm or less. The thickness of the opening reinforcement material 10 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.3 mm or more. By setting the thickness of the opening reinforcement material 10 above a certain level, the mechanical strength of the opening reinforcement material 10 can be increased.

[0014] The opening reinforcement member 10 is preferably made of a plastic material. Forming it of a plastic material makes it easier to lower the thermal conductivity while ensuring a certain level of mechanical strength. The resin constituting the plastic material is not particularly limited and may be a thermoplastic resin or a curable resin such as a thermosetting resin.

[0015] Examples of resins that make up the opening reinforcement material include polyolefin resins such as acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyethylene resin, and polypropylene resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, polyarylate resin, butyral resin, polystyrene resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer resin, polybutadiene resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, cellulose resin, cellulose derivative, diallyl phthalate resin, silicone resin, polysulfone resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, alkyd resin, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer resin, phenolic resin, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyacetal resin, and modified polyphenylene ether resin. These resins may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0016] Among these, as the resin, preferably, polyvinyl chloride resin and polyurethane resin are mentioned. These resins are highly versatile and can be made difficult to burn during a fire. The polyvinyl chloride resin may be a vinyl chloride homopolymer, a vinyl chloride copolymer, etc., or may be a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin obtained by chlorinating a vinyl chloride homopolymer, a vinyl chloride copolymer, etc. By using polyvinyl chloride resin, particularly chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, as the resin, it becomes more difficult to burn during a fire. The polyurethane resin is preferably a polyisocyanurate in which isocyanate is nurated. By using polyisocyanurate, it becomes difficult to burn during a fire.

[0017] Also, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength, engineering plastics are also preferable as the resin, and among them, from the viewpoint of versatility, general-purpose engineering plastics are more preferable. Specifically, polyamide resin, PEEK, polycarbonate resin, polyacetal resin, modified polyphenylene ether resin, polyester resin, etc. are also preferable. When using engineering plastics, the mechanical strength becomes high and it can be suitably used as a glass dropout prevention member, and it can also be suitably used when window glass constitutes a fire protection facility. Also, engineering plastics may be used in the fiber-reinforced plastics described later, but it is more preferable to use them other than fiber-reinforced plastics. On the other hand, when the window glass does not constitute a fire protection facility, high mechanical strength is not required during a fire, and it is also preferable to use a highly versatile resin such as polyvinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, epoxy resin, or phenol resin as the resin.

[0018] When the opening reinforcing member 10 is formed of a plastic member, the resin may be the main component in the plastic member. Here, the resin being the main component means that the content of the resin is 50% by mass or more. When the resin is the main component, the content of the resin is preferably 60 to 1OO% by mass, more preferably 70 to 1OO% by mass. In addition, the plastic member may contain components other than resin, may contain fibers to become a fiber-reinforced plastic described later, or may contain an inorganic filler to become an inorganic filler-containing plastic. Further, the plastic member may appropriately contain additives (other additives) other than inorganic fillers and fibers such as catalysts, flame retardants, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, metal deactivators, antistatic agents, crosslinking agents, lubricants, softeners, plasticizers, pigments, dyes, etc.

[0019] (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) The opening reinforcing member 10 is preferably formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic. By being formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic, the opening reinforcing member can be suitably used as a glass dropout prevention member with excellent mechanical strength and can be suitably used when the window glass constitutes a fire protection facility. The fiber-reinforced plastic contains a matrix resin and reinforcing fibers, and is composed of a fiber-reinforced plastic in which the reinforcing fibers are compounded and integrated with the matrix resin. As the matrix resin, those generally used in fiber-reinforced plastics are used, and there is no particular limitation. Either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin may be used. The resin used for the matrix resin in the fiber-reinforced plastic can be appropriately selected from the above-described resins. Among them, from the viewpoint of fire resistance, matrix resins with high flame retardancy such as polyvinyl chloride resin, polyisocyanurate resin, epoxy resin, and phenolic resin are preferable. The content of the matrix resin in the fiber-reinforced plastic is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 to 90% by mass, preferably 20 to 80% by mass.

[0020] As the reinforcing fibers contained in the fiber-reinforced plastic, reinforcing fibers usually used for fiber-reinforced plastics can be used. Specifically, organic and inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, alumina fibers, boron fibers, tyrano fibers, and SiC fibers can be mentioned. The form of the reinforcing fibers is not particularly limited, and may be either continuous fibers or discontinuous fibers, or may have a sheet-like form such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric. The reinforcing fiber content in fiber-reinforced plastics is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 to 90% by mass, preferably 20 to 80% by mass. In fiber-reinforced plastics, the reinforcing fibers may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

[0021] Among the above, glass fiber (GF) and carbon fiber (CF) are preferred from the viewpoint of versatility and mechanical properties, and glass fiber is more preferred from the viewpoint of improving thermal insulation. Therefore, the fiber-reinforced plastic is preferably carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) or glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), and GFRP is more preferred.

[0022] The plastic component may be a plastic other than the fiber-reinforced plastic described above. In that case, the plastic component may preferably be a plastic containing an inorganic filler (hereinafter also referred to as "inorganic filler-containing plastic"), but it may also be a plastic that does not contain an inorganic filler. In plastic components other than inorganic filler-containing plastics and fiber-reinforced plastics, resin is typically the main component of the plastic component, as described above. Furthermore, it is preferable that the plastic component is a plastic with sintering properties. Sintering properties refer to the bonding of components when heated to high temperatures (e.g., 500°C or higher), as described later with mica. This makes it easier to maintain the shape of the combustion residue, allowing for a more effective prevention of detachment during fire, and making it more suitable for use in fire protection equipment.

[0023] (Plastics containing inorganic fillers) Inorganic filler-containing plastics may consist of a matrix resin and a resin composition containing an inorganic filler. The matrix resin used in inorganic filler-containing plastics may be a thermoplastic resin or a curable resin such as a thermosetting resin. Specific resins used in inorganic filler-containing plastics are as described above, but polyvinyl chloride resin and polyurethane resin are particularly preferred. The content of the matrix resin in the inorganic filler-containing plastic, i.e., the resin composition, may be, for example, about 1 to 95% by mass, but is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 15 to 75% by mass, and even more preferably 25 to 50% by mass.

[0024] Plastics containing inorganic fillers can be easily improved in terms of mechanical strength while preventing high thermal conductivity due to the inclusion of inorganic fillers. For example, they can be suitably used as glass fall prevention members, and can also be suitably used when window glass constitutes a fire protection device. The inorganic filler is preferably dispersed in and held within the matrix resin.

[0025] Examples of inorganic fillers include diatomaceous earth, alumina, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, ferrites, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, barium carbonate, dawsonite, hydrotalcite, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium silicate, talc, clay, mica, montmorillonite, bentonite, activated clay, sepiolite, imogolite, sericite, glass beads, silica balloons, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, various metal powders, potassium titanate, magnesium sulfate, lead zirconate titanate, aluminum borate, molybdenum sulfide, silicon carbide, various magnetic powders, wollastonite, kaolin, graphite, and barium sulfate. The graphite referred to here should preferably be something other than expandable graphite. The shape of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, but examples include spherical, flaky, needle-shaped, fragmented, polygonal, and irregular shapes. Inorganic fillers may be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0026] Among the inorganic fillers mentioned above, mica, talc, wollastonite, kaolin, and graphite are preferred from the viewpoint of heat insulation and shape retention in the event of a fire, with mica being the most preferred among these. Mica can be melted and bonded together (i.e., sintered) by heating at, for example, 800 to 1000°C, thereby maintaining the shape of the residue, which can more effectively prevent the glass from falling out in the event of a fire, and is particularly suitable when the window glass constitutes a fire-resistant structure. The shape of the mica is not particularly limited, but for example, it may be flaky.

[0027] The average particle size of inorganic fillers such as mica is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 to 100 μm, preferably 5 to 50 μm, more preferably 10 to 40 μm, and even more preferably 12 to 30 μm. Having a particle size within the above range makes it easier to achieve a high residue retention rate and shape retention after high-temperature heating. The average particle size is the volume-average diameter (D50) determined by laser diffraction and scattering.

[0028] The inorganic filler content in the inorganic filler-containing plastic, i.e., the resin composition, may be, for example, 1 to 95% by mass, but is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 25 to 85% by mass, and even more preferably 50 to 75% by mass. By keeping the inorganic filler content within the above range, it is possible to improve mechanical strength and fall-prevention performance while preventing a decrease in thermal insulation performance. Furthermore, when mica is used as an inorganic filler, the preferred value for the mica content is as described above. By keeping the mica content within the above range, the shape retention of the residue after high-temperature heating is improved, and the fire prevention performance is more effectively enhanced. The inorganic filler-containing plastic (resin composition) may contain a matrix resin and components other than the inorganic filler, and may also contain the other additives mentioned above as appropriate.

[0029] Furthermore, the plastic component may be a foam. For example, when using a resin used for foams such as polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, or phenolic resin, the plastic component may be a foam. Foam is preferably used when the window glass does not constitute a fire-resistant device. Furthermore, if the plastic component is a foam, it is preferable to obtain it by foaming a foamable resin composition containing a resin, an inorganic filler as needed, the above-mentioned other additives, a foaming agent, a foaming aid, etc., while curing the resin as needed.

[0030] When the opening reinforcement member 10 is formed from a plastic material, it may be manufactured by molding using known methods, such as extrusion molding, injection molding, or mold molding. Alternatively, it may be manufactured by further processing a pre-formed sheet of plastic material using press molding or the like. Furthermore, if the plastic component is a fiber-reinforced plastic, the opening reinforcement material 10 may be appropriately molded using known methods for molding fiber-reinforced plastics, such as resin transfer molding or pultrusion, in addition to extrusion molding, injection molding, and press molding.

[0031] (Metal composite plastic) In one embodiment, the opening reinforcement material 10 is preferably made of a metal-composite plastic. By being a metal-composite plastic, the opening reinforcement material 10 can maintain high mechanical strength while having low thermal conductivity. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a glass fall prevention member and can also be suitably used when window glass constitutes a fire protection system. A metal-composite plastic can be any composite material of metal and plastic, but it is preferable that the surface of the metal material is coated with plastic. That is, the metal material may have a shape similar to that of an opening reinforcement material, such as a U-shape or an L-shape, and it is preferable that a plastic coating layer is provided on the surface of the U-shape or L-shape. The metal material is not particularly limited, but examples include aluminum, aluminum alloys, and steel.

[0032] The plastic coating layer may be provided, for example, on both sides of the main surface of the bottom plate-like portion 11 and on both sides of the main surfaces of the side plate-like portions 12 and 13. It is preferable that the entire opening reinforcement material 10 is covered with the plastic coating layer, but as long as the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the plate-like portion is within the above range, the plastic coating layer may be provided only on a part of the surface of the opening reinforcement material 10. For example, the plastic coating layer may be provided only on one side of the main surface of the bottom plate-like portion 11 and the side plate-like portions 12 and 13.

[0033] When using metal-composite plastics, the thickness of the plastic coating layer and the metal material are not particularly limited as long as the thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K) or less. However, it is preferable that the thickness of the opening reinforcement material be adjusted to fall within the above-mentioned preferred range. The thickness of the plastic coating layer is, for example, 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm. The thickness of the metal material is, for example, 0.05 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

[0034] The method for forming a plastic coating layer on a metal material is not particularly limited and includes methods such as a spray coating method, in which a coating liquid containing resin and optionally inorganic fillers and other additives is sprayed onto the surface of the metal material, and a dip coating method, in which the metal material is dipped in the coating liquid. Alternatively, the coating liquid may be applied to the surface of the metal material using a known coating machine, brush, etc. The coating may be repeated multiple times as needed. Furthermore, a plastic coating layer may be formed on the metal material by laminating the components constituting the plastic coating layer using methods other than those described above.

[0035] The resin constituting the plastic coating layer may be selected and used from those exemplified as resins constituting the plastic components mentioned above, but polyvinyl chloride resin is preferred among them. When using polyvinyl chloride resin, a thick plastic coating layer can be easily formed by the dip-coating method using so-called paste PVC. Furthermore, the plastic coating layer is preferably formed from a resin composition that contains the inorganic fillers and other additives mentioned above in addition to the resin, as needed, but it is preferable that the resin is the main component in the plastic coating layer.

[0036] Furthermore, the opening reinforcement material may be made of materials other than the plastic components or metal-composite plastics mentioned above, as long as its thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K) or less. For example, it may be made of ceramics.

[0037] [Sash structure] The sash structure of the present invention includes the above-described opening reinforcing member in an opening having a window pane. The sash structure also includes a holding member for holding the glass member. Window panes typically consist of a frame that forms an opening in a building, with a stile fitted inside the frame, and the stile constituting the aforementioned retaining member. In the case of fixed windows, the frame forming the opening constitutes the retaining member. The retaining member may be made of a single metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or steel, or it may be made of a single resin, or it may be a composite type having both metal and resin.

[0038] The opening is generally formed in a rectangular shape, and frames or framing members (i.e., retaining members) are provided on both sides, as well as on the top and bottom. However, the opening is not limited to a rectangular shape; it may be circular or have a shape other than a rectangle or a circle. If the opening is circular, the retaining members will also be curved to match its shape. The opening reinforcement member 10 is usually formed with a straight axial direction as shown in Figure 1, but if the opening is circular and the retaining members are curved, the axial direction of the opening reinforcement member 10 should also be curved.

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the sash structure 20. Figure 2 shows a specific example where the retaining member is a frame 21. The frame 21 has a groove 23 for holding the glass member 30, with the edge of the glass member 30 positioned inside. In Figure 2, the glass member 30 is shown as double-glazed glass, but it is not particularly limited as long as it is a plate-shaped glass member, and may be single-glazed glass, laminated glass, or other types of glass members. Furthermore, if the window glass 15 constitutes a fire-resistant device, the glass member 30 is preferably wired glass, but the glass member 30 may be something other than wired glass.

[0040] The frame 21 comprises a bottom surface portion 24 that forms the bottom surface of the groove portion 23, and side wall portions 25 and 26 that form both sides of the groove portion 23, respectively. The sash structure 20 also includes the opening reinforcing member 10 described above, which is positioned inside the groove portion 23 and extends over substantially the entire length of the frame 21. In this embodiment, the opening reinforcing member 10 is U-shaped. The opening reinforcement member 10 has a bottom plate-like portion 11 positioned on the bottom surface of the groove 23, and side plate-like portions 12 and 13 positioned on the inside of each side of the groove 23. The side plate-like portions 12 and 13 are positioned between each side of the groove 23 and the glass member 30. The opening reinforcement member 10 is preferably fixed to the bottom surface of the groove 23 by fasteners such as screws (not shown) with the bottom plate-like portion 11.

[0041] A gasket 31 is attached to the edge of the glass member 30, and the glass member 30 is fitted into the groove 23 via the gasket 31. The gasket 31 is made of an elastic material such as rubber or elastomer. In this embodiment, the gasket 31 abuts against the side walls 25 and 26 of the groove 23, thereby fitting the glass member 30 into the groove 23. However, the glass member 30 may also be fitted inside the opening reinforcement member 10 by the gasket 31 abutting against the side plate-like portions 12 and 13 of the opening reinforcement member 10. In this embodiment, the side plate portions 12 and 13 of the opening reinforcement member 10 are spaced apart from the side walls 25 and 26 of the groove 23, respectively, but they may also abut against the inner surfaces of the side walls 25 and 26 of the groove 23, respectively.

[0042] It is preferable to have appropriate space between the glass member 30 and the opening reinforcement member 10, and between the opening reinforcement member 10 and the holding member (frame 21 in this embodiment). Having space improves the thermal insulation of the window glass 15. Furthermore, as described above, by keeping the thickness of the opening reinforcement member 10 below a certain level, it becomes easier to secure a space of a certain size or larger, further improving the thermal insulation of the window glass 15. Examples of spaces include the space 34 between the end face of the glass member 30 (gasket 31 in the configuration of Figure 2) and the bottom plate-like portion 11 of the opening reinforcement member 10, and the spaces 35 and 36 between the side plate-like portions 12 and 13 of the opening reinforcement member 10 and the side wall portions 25 and 26, respectively. However, spaces 34, 35, and 36 may be omitted as appropriate, and other spaces may also be present.

[0043] The opening reinforcement member 10 is preferably a glass fall prevention member. That is, the opening reinforcement member 10 holds the glass member in place in the event of a fire, preventing the glass member from falling out. Therefore, when the opening reinforcement member 10 is used as a glass fall prevention member, it will not burn, or even if it does burn, it will maintain a certain shape. Furthermore, when the opening reinforcement member 10 is used as a glass fall prevention member, the window glass 15 should constitute a fire-resistant device. The fire-resistant device should be one that conforms to Article 2, Paragraph 9, Item 2 of the Building Standards Act. However, the window glass 15 does not necessarily have to constitute a fire-resistant device. If the window glass 15 does not constitute a fire-resistant device, the opening reinforcement member 10 does not have to be a glass fall prevention member, but even in that case, it may be used as a reinforcement member to improve the mechanical strength of the opening.

[0044] In the sash structure 20, it is preferable that the frame (i.e., the retaining member) 21 and the opening reinforcement member 10 be provided with a thermally expandable member 38. When the thermally expandable member 38 is provided on the opening reinforcement member 10, it is preferable that it be attached, for example, to the inner surface of the bottom plate-like portion 11. The thermally expandable member 38 is a member that expands when heated, and for example, when heated during a fire, it expands to form an insulating layer, thereby preventing fire and the spread of fire. As a result, the fire-resistant performance of the window glass 15 is further improved. The thermally expandable member 38 is preferably used when the window glass 15 constitutes a fire-resistant device, but it may also be used when it does not constitute a fire-resistant device.

[0045] The thermally expandable member 38 may consist of a thermally expandable resin composition comprising a thermally expandable material. The thermally expandable resin composition may comprise a thermally expandable material and a matrix resin, wherein the thermally expandable material is dispersed and held within the matrix resin. The thermally expandable material is preferably expandable graphite. As the matrix resin, conventionally known resins used for thermally expandable members can be used. Commercially available products can also be used as the thermally expandable member 38; for example, the thermally expandable fire-resistant material "Fiblock" manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used.

[0046] In Figure 2, frame 21 shows a vertical frame provided on one side of the opening, but other frames such as the upper frame, which is an upper retaining member, or the lower frame, which is a lower retaining member, may have a similar configuration. Furthermore, the retaining member does not have to be a frame; as described above, it may be a frame material that constitutes the retaining member in a fixed window, for example. In that case, the retaining member (i.e., the frame material) may, for example, have a groove, and the opening reinforcing material or the edge of the glass member may be placed inside the groove. The details are as explained using the frame as an example, so the explanation will be omitted here. Furthermore, while the opening reinforcement member 10 may be provided on any of the four retaining members of the window glass 15, it is not necessarily required to be provided on all four retaining members, and the opening reinforcement member 10 may not be provided on some of the retaining members. For example, the opening reinforcement member 10 may be provided on the lower and upper retaining members, but not on the retaining members on both sides. Furthermore, even if the window glass 15 has a shape other than a rectangle, the opening reinforcement member 10 does not need to be provided around the entire circumference of the retaining member, but may be provided only in part. [Examples]

[0047] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited in any way by these examples.

[0048] [Example 1] The composition of the polyurethane resin used in Example 1 is as follows. Each component was blended in the parts by mass shown below. (1) Polyol compounds (i) Polyester polyol: 80 parts by mass • p-phthalate-based polyester polyol (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: SV-208, hydroxyl value = 235 mg KOH / g) (ii) Polyether polyol: 20 parts by mass • Mannich-type polyether polyol (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., product name: DK3776, hydroxyl value = 350 mg KOH / g) (2) Flame retardants • Phosphate ester-based liquid flame retardant <Tris(β-chloropropyl) phosphate> (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd., product name: TMCPP, chlorine concentration 32.5% by mass): 50 parts by mass (3) Foam stabilizer • Silicone-based foam stabilizer (manufactured by Toray Dow Corning, product name: SH-193): 3 parts by mass (4) Catalyst (i) Trimerization catalyst • Quaternary ammonium salt (manufactured by Evonik Japan, product name: TMR-7) and mixture with ethylene glycol (quaternary ammonium salt 45-55% by mass, ethylene glycol 45-55% by mass): 6 parts by mass (ii) Urethane catalyst • Imidazole compound (manufactured by Kao Corporation, product name: KL No. 390): 8 parts by mass • Bismuth compound, bismuth strioctate (manufactured by Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd., product name: Neostan U-600), concentration 55-58% by mass: 8 parts by mass (5) Foaming agent • HFO-1233zd (Hydrofluoroolefin) (Honeywell, product name: Solstice LBA): 25 parts by mass ·Water: 0.2 part by mass (6) Polyisocyanate compounds • MDI (manufactured by Sumika Covestro Urethane Co., Ltd., product name: 44V-20): 20 parts by mass Using the polyurethane resin composition described above, an opening reinforcement material with a U-shaped cross-section, as shown in Figure 1, was fabricated by mold molding. The opening reinforcement material had a thickness of 0.5 mm, a width (width of the bottom plate-like part 11) of 40 cm, and a height (width of the side plate-like parts 12 and 13) of 20 cm.

[0049] [Example 2] Using chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin (HA-53F, manufactured by Tokuyama Sekisui Kogyo Co., Ltd.), an opening reinforcing material having the same shape and size as in Example 1 was manufactured by extrusion molding.

[0050] [Example 3] Using glass fiber reinforced plastic (50% by mass of a polyurethane resin composition having the same composition as in Example 1, with a glass fiber content of 50% by mass, manufactured by Central Glass Fiber Co., Ltd.: roving), an opening reinforcement material having the same shape and size as in Example 1 was manufactured by pultrusion molding.

[0051] [Example 4] Using carbon fiber reinforced plastic (manufactured by Teijin, carbon fiber, Tenax, chopped fiber, carbon fiber content 30% by mass; matrix resin: chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Tokuyama Sekisui Kogyo Co., Ltd., "HA-53F"), resin content 70% by mass), an opening reinforcement material having the same shape and size as in Example 1 was manufactured by extrusion molding.

[0052] [Example 5] Using carbon fiber reinforced plastic (manufactured by Teijin, carbon fiber, Tenax, chopped fiber, carbon fiber content 75% by mass, matrix resin: chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resin (manufactured by Tokuyama Sekisui Kogyo Co., Ltd., "HA-53F"), resin content 25% by mass), an opening reinforcement material having the same shape and size as in Example 1 was manufactured by extrusion molding.

[0053] [Comparative Example] A glass fall prevention fitting made of SUS304 was used as a comparative example. The size and shape of the glass fall prevention fitting were the same as those of the opening reinforcement material in Example 1.

[0054] The opening reinforcement materials in each of the above embodiments, and the glass fall prevention fittings in the comparative examples, were evaluated as follows. [Thermal conductivity] Thermal conductivity was measured using the hot disk method in accordance with ISO 22007-2:2022. In each example, a 0.5 mm thick plate was prepared using the same formulation and molding method as in the example and used as the evaluation specimen.

[0055] [U value] In each embodiment, commercially available fire-resistant window glass equipped with a glass fall prevention fitting made of SUS304 was used. The glass fall prevention fitting was removed, and the opening reinforcement material prepared in each embodiment was incorporated into the sash structure, and the U-value of the window glass was measured. In the comparative example, the U-value of commercially available fire-resistant window glass equipped with a glass fall prevention fitting made of SUS304 was measured. The U-value was measured by a thermal transmittance test based on JIS A4710.

[0056] The evaluation results for the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1 below. [Table 1]

[0057] As shown in the above examples, when an opening reinforcing material with a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less is used in place of the glass fall prevention fitting of the comparative example in the window glass opening, the U value is lowered and the thermal insulation performance is improved. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0058] 10. Opening reinforcement material 11 Bottom plate-shaped part 12, 13 Side plate-like part 15 Windowpanes 20 Sash structure 21 Frame (retaining member) 23 Groove 30 Glass components 31 Gasket 38 Thermally expandable members

Claims

1. A sash structure comprising an opening with window glass, equipped with an opening reinforcing material having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / (m·K) or less.

2. The sash structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the opening reinforcing material is 2 mm or less.

3. The sash structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening reinforcing material is formed of fiber-reinforced plastic.

4. The sash structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening reinforcing material is formed of a metal composite plastic.

5. The sash structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening reinforcing material is formed of a plastic having a sintering function.

6. An opening reinforcement material used in an opening with window glass, wherein the thermal conductivity is 10 W / (m·K) or less.

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