Method and apparatus for positioning in wireless communication systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for performing measurements for positioning. The method includes performing a first type measurement for positioning, which includes a carrier phase measurement (CPM); performing a second type measurement for positioning that is different from the first type measurement; and reporting both the first type measurement and the second type measurement, wherein the number of time instances associated with the second type measurement is equal to or greater than the number of time instances associated with the first type measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method and an apparatus for a positioning procedure including measurements for positioning.

Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice and data. Generally, a wireless communication system is a multiple access system that shares available system resources (such as bandwidth and transmission power) to assist communication with multiple users. Examples of multiple access systems include CDMA (code division multiple access) systems, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) systems, TDMA (time division multiple access) systems, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) systems, SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access) systems, and the like.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently and accurately performing a positioning procedure and an apparatus therefor.

[0004] The technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above technical problems, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the following description.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] In one aspect of the present invention, a method by which user equipment (UE) performs positioning measurements in a wireless communication system includes performing a first type measurement for positioning, including a carrier phase measurement (CPM); performing a second type measurement for positioning different from the first type measurement; and reporting both the first and second type measurements, wherein the number of time instances associated with the second type measurement is equal to or greater than the number of time instances associated with the first type measurement.

[0006] Preferably, the first type measurement is performed based on a single time instance, and the second type measurement is performed based on multiple time instances.

[0007] Preferably, a single result obtained from the second type measurement is related to multiple results obtained from the first type measurement.

[0008] Preferably, the plurality of results obtained from the first type measurement have a plurality of different timestamp values.

[0009] Preferably, the UE transmits a UE capability report that includes at least one of first information regarding whether the UE assists with the first type measurement and second information regarding the number of time instances that the UE assists with for the second type measurement.

[0010] Preferably, the UE receives third information relating to the number of time instances associated with the second type measurement.

[0011] Preferably, the third piece of information includes the number of minimum time instances related to the second type measurement.

[0012] Preferably, the UE transmits a number of time instances preferred by the UE, relating to the second type measurement.

[0013] Preferably, the first type measurement and the second type measurement are reported in a single measurement report.

[0014] Preferably, the single measurement report includes the number of time instances related to the second type of measurement.

[0015] Preferably, the single measurement report includes timestamp information for the first type of measurement.

[0016] Preferably, the timestamp information for the first type measurement indicates the time instance in which the first type measurement is performed.

[0017] Preferably, the second type of measurement includes at least one of downlink-reference signal time difference (DL-RSTD) measurement, uplink-relative time of arrival (UL-RTOA) measurement, or receive-transmit time difference measurement.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a non-temporary medium for storing instructions that cause a processor to perform the method described above.

[0019] In another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for performing the method for performing measurements for positioning is provided. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] According to the present invention, positioning procedures can be performed efficiently and accurately in a wireless communication system.

[0021] The effects that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the technical effects mentioned above, and other advantages of the present invention will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the accompanying drawings and the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0022] [Figure 1] This is a diagram illustrating physical channels used in a 3GPP (registered trademark) system, which is an example of a wireless communication system, and a general signal transmission method using these channels. [Figure 2] This is a diagram showing the architecture of a 5G system applicable to positioning of a UE connected to NG-RAN or E-UTRAN. [Figure 3] This is a diagram showing the OTDOA (observed time difference of arrival) positioning method. [Figure 4] This is a diagram showing a method for determining an unknown integer (integer ambiguity resolution) with respect to the ToA of four mutually different (right-side) BS sets. [Figure 5] This is a diagram showing outliers discarding by minimizing the observed MSE. [Figure 6] This is a diagram showing performance improvement by appropriate processing of a series of PRS frames of results. [Figure 7] This is a diagram showing messaging during CP positioning. [Figure 8] This is a diagram showing UE position measurement in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a diagram showing a method for performing measurements for positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] This is a diagram showing an example of a communication system applicable to the present invention. [Figure 11] This is a diagram illustrating a wireless device applicable to the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0023] The following technologies can be used in various wireless connectivity systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as UTRA (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) and CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) / GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) / EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and E-UTRA (Evolved UTRA). UTRA is part of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (long term evolution) is part of E-UMTS (Evolved UMTS) which uses E-UTRA, and LTE-A (Advanced) is an advanced version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP NR (New Radio or New Radio Access Technology) is an advanced version of 3GPP LTE / LTE-A.

[0024] As more communication devices demand greater communication capacity, the need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to conventional RAT (Radio Access Technology) is emerging. Furthermore, massive MTC (Machine Type Communications), which connects multiple devices and things to provide various services anytime, anywhere, is one of the important issues to consider in next-generation communications. Moreover, communication system designs that take into account reliability and latency-sensitive services / terminals are being discussed. Thus, the introduction of next-generation RATs that take into account eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband Communication), massive MTC, URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), etc., is being discussed, and in this invention, for convenience, the relevant technology is referred to as NR (New radio or New RAT).

[0025] For clarity, the explanation will be based on a 3GPP communication system (e.g., NR), but the technical concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. For background art, terminology, abbreviations, etc. related to this invention, refer to the previously published standard documents of the present invention (e.g., 3GPP TS 38.211, 38.212, 38.213, 38.214, 38.300, 38.331, etc.).

[0026] In wireless communication systems, a terminal receives information from a base station via the downlink (DL) and transmits information to the base station via the uplink (UL). The information transmitted and received between the base station and the terminal includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type and purpose of the information being transmitted and received.

[0027] Figure 1 illustrates the physical channels and common signal transmission methods used in 3GPP systems.

[0028] When a terminal is powered on from an OFF state or enters a new cell, it performs initial cell search operations, such as establishing synchronization with the base station (S11). For this purpose, the terminal receives an SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) from the base station. The SSB includes a PSS (Primary Synchronization Signal), an SSS (Secondary Synchronization Signal), and a PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel). Based on the PSS / SSS, the terminal establishes synchronization with the base station and obtains information such as the cell ID (cell identity). The terminal also receives the PBCH from the base station to obtain broadcast information within the cell. Furthermore, during the initial cell search operation, the terminal can receive a DL RS (Downlink Reference Signal) to check the status of the downlink channel.

[0029] Once the initial cell search is complete, the terminal receives the PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) and its corresponding PDSCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) to obtain more specific system information (S12).

[0030] Subsequently, the terminal performs a random access procedure (S13-S16) to complete the connection to the base station. More specifically, the terminal transmits a preamble via PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) (S13) and receives a Random Access Response (RAR) for the preamble via PDCCH and its corresponding PDSCH (S14). After that, the terminal transmits a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) using the scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and performs a contention resolution procedure such as PDCCH and its corresponding PDSCH (S16).

[0031] If the arbitrary connection process is performed in two operations, S13 / S15 is performed in one operation (transmitted by the terminal) (Message A), and S14 / S16 is performed in one operation (transmitted by the base station) (Message B).

[0032] A terminal that has performed these procedures then receives PDCCH / PDSCH (S17) and transmits PUSCH / PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) (S18), which are standard procedures for transmitting uplink / downlink signals. The control information that the terminal transmits to the base station is called UCI (Uplink Control Information). UCI includes HARQ ACK / NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CSI (Channel State Information), etc. CSI includes CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indication), etc. UCI is generally transmitted via PUCCH, but if control information and data need to be transmitted simultaneously, it is transmitted via PUSCH. In addition, the terminal can transmit UCI aperiodically via PUSCH at the request / instruction of the network.

[0033] A terminal can perform a network connection process to carry out the procedures and / or methods described / proposed by the present invention. For example, the terminal connects to a network (e.g., a base station) and receives and stores in memory the system information and configuration information necessary to carry out the procedures and / or methods described / proposed later. The configuration information necessary for the present invention is received via higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC layer; Medium Access Control, MAC, layer, etc.).

[0034] Positioning

[0035] Positioning refers to determining the geographical location and / or velocity of a UE based on radio signal measurements. Location information is requested and reported by clients associated with the UE (e.g., applications). Location information may also be requested by clients located within or connected to the core network. Location information is reported in a standard format, such as cell-based coordinates or geographic coordinates, along with errors in the UE's location and velocity and / or the positioning method used for positioning.

[0036] Figure 2 shows an architecture of a 5G system applicable to the positioning of UEs connected to NG-RAN or E-UTRAN.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2, the AMF receives a request for location services related to a specific target UE from another entity, such as a GMLC (Gateway Mobile Location Center), or decides to initiate location services on behalf of a specific target UE. After this, the AMF sends a request for location services to the LMF (Location Management Function). Upon receiving a request for location services, the LMF processes the request and returns the processing results, including the estimated location of the UE, to the AMF. If an entity other than the AMF, such as a GMLC, requests location services, the AMF sends the processing results received by the LMF to that entity.

[0038] ng-eNB (new generation evolved-NB) and gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that provide measurement results for positioning. ng-eNB and gNB measure radio signals to the target UE and transmit the measurement results to the LMF. ng-eNB controls PRS-only TPs to support PRS-based beacon systems for multiple TPs or E-UTRAs, such as remote radio heads.

[0039] The LMF connects to an E-SMLC (enhanced serving mobile location center) that allows the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC enables the LMF to use DL measurements obtained from the target UE via signals transmitted from a TP dedicated to the E-UTRAN's eNB and / or PRS to support OTDOA, one of the E-UTRAN's positioning methods.

[0040] The LMF can connect to the SLP (SUPL location platform). The LMF assists in managing various location services for the target UE. The LMF can interact with the target UE's serving ng-eNB or serving gNB to obtain location measurements for the target UE. For the positioning of the target UE, the LMF determines a positioning method based on the location service (LCS) client type, required quality of service (QoS), UE positioning capability, gNB positioning capability, and ng-eNB positioning capability, and then applies this positioning method to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. The LMF determines additional information such as the accuracy of the target UE's location estimation and velocity. The SLP is a SUPL (secure user plane location) entity responsible for positioning on the user plane.

[0041] A UE can determine its position using DL RS transmitted via NG-RAN and E-UTRAN. DL RS transmitted to the UE from NG-RAN and E-UTRAN includes SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS, and / or PRS. The DL RS used to determine the UE's position follows configurations such as LMF / E-SMLC / ng-eNB / E-UTRAN. The UE's position can be determined using a RAT-independent scheme with different GNSS (global navigation satellite systems), TBS (terrestrial beacon systems), WLAN access points, Bluetooth® beacons, and sensors (e.g., barometric pressure sensors) installed on the UE. The UE also includes an LCS application, or accesses the LCS application through communication with the network it accesses or through other applications installed on the UE. The LCS application includes measurement and calculation functions necessary to determine the UE's position. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as GPS (Global Positioning System) and report its position independently of NG-RAN transmission. Location information acquired independently in this way is used as supplementary information to location information acquired from the network.

[0042] Positioning methods supported by NG-RAN include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID, barometric pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, TBS, and UTDOA (uplink time difference of arrival). One of these positioning methods may be used for UE positioning, or two or more positioning methods may be used for UE positioning.

[0043] Figure 3 illustrates the OTDOA (observed time difference of arrival) positioning method.

[0044] The OTDOA positioning method utilizes the time measured by the UE for DL ​​signals received at multiple TPs, including eNBs, ng-eNBs, and PRS-dedicated TPs. The UE uses location assistance data received from the location server to measure the time of the received DL signals. The UE's position is determined based on these measurement results and the geographical coordinates of adjacent TPs.

[0045] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap to perform an OTDOA measurement from a TP. If the UE does not know the SFN of at least one TP from the OTDOA auxiliary data, the UE can use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform a reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurement.

[0046] Here, RSTD is defined by the minimum relative time difference between the two subframe boundaries received from the reference cell and the measurement cell. That is, RSTD is calculated by the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell and the start time of the subframe of the reference cell closest to the subframe received from the measurement cell. The reference cell is selected by the UE.

[0047] For accurate OTDOA measurement, it is necessary to measure the time of arrival (ToA) of signals received from three or more geographically dispersed TPs or BSs. For example, the ToA for TP 1, TP 2, and TP 3 can be measured, and the RSTD for TP 1 and TP 2, TP 2 and TP 3, and TP 3 and TP 1 can be calculated based on the three ToA values. The calculated RSTD values ​​determine a geometric hyperbola, and the point where the curves of the hyperbola intersect is estimated to be the location of the UE. In this case, accuracy and / or uncertainty may occur for each ToA measurement, and the estimated UE location is indicated as a predetermined range due to the uncertainty of the measurement.

[0048] Carrier Phase Positioning (CPP)

[0049] The following documents are cited and referenced.

[0050] [1] Intel, “Revised SID on Study on expanded and improved NR positioning” RP-213588, e-Meeting, December 6th - 17th, 2021

[0051] [2] RAN1 Chair's Notes, RAN1 #109-e, e-Meeting, May 9th - 20th, 2022

[0052] [3] LGE, “Discussion on OFDM based carrier phase measurement in NR”, R1- 2207710, Toulouse, France, August 22nd - 26th, 2022

[0053] [4] Han Dun, Christian CJM Tiberius, and Gerard JM Janssen, “Positioning in a multipath channel using OFDM signals with carrier phase tracking”, IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 13011 - 13028, Jan. 2020

[0054] 5G NR continues to expand in ways that enhance its capabilities for new areas and use cases. Positioning and location management functions are extremely useful ancillary functions in all communication systems and are continuously being developed within the specifications. Starting with the simplest cell / sector-based positioning in 2G / 3G systems, the accuracy of positioning was greatly improved in the LTE release. The scalable 5G architecture sets up even more challenging tasks for positioning, considering scenarios that require millimeter-level accuracy. One example of such a scenario / use model is an indoor factory where 5G-NR-based sensors help track the movement of containers and parts. Robotics and manufacturing applications require extremely precise positioning that cannot be achieved by conventional means.

[0055] When using conventional correlation-based positioning methods, the requirements for synchronization / interoperability between the TX and RX radio frequency chains and the transceivers are minimized. In such access methods, accuracy is highly dependent on signal bandwidth and therefore limited by the amount of available resources.

[0056] In this case, if a larger bandwidth can be allocated for positioning purposes, sub-centimeter and millimeter-level positional accuracy can be achieved at FR2 high frequencies only. However, for FR1 frequencies below 6 GHz, the correlation between total bandwidth and the baseband, and the positional accuracy using CIR estimation methods are limited.

[0057] One promising access method for high-precision positioning is carrier phase positioning (CPP) based on carrier phase measurement (CPM). In this access method, accuracy depends primarily on the carrier phase frequency, which can be far greater than the signal bandwidth (BW).

[0058] However, estimating and tracking the carrier phase of the signal requires strict generator stability, necessitating TX / RX chain correction and synchronization. These difficulties can be overcome using various difference and double difference methods.

[0059] Even in the case of ideal phase synchronization of TX and RX, a fundamental problem exists regarding phase periodicity. If the signal phase can be accurately determined, only a fraction of the wavelength distance measurement is known; the integer cannot be obtained from phase measurement alone. This is a problem widely known as integer ambiguity resolution (IAR). Methods for determining the integer ambiguity resolution have worked successfully in GPS systems and are also considered in CPM positioning in OFDM systems [4]. Typical solutions useful for determining the integer ambiguity resolution in recent positioning communication systems are as follows:

[0060] - Use of multiple (three or more) carrier waves;

[0061] - Use of multiple reference points (satellites) for dual difference and TDoA positioning; and / or

[0062] - Use of constant signals that allow object tracking

[0063] In the case of a carrier phase positioning system based on the 5G NR framework, using multiple carriers solely for positioning is undesirable and therefore not considered. Simultaneously, in packet-based network traffic where multiple users primarily transmit data and positioning is a secondary function, a sustained flow of special positioning signals is not feasible. Due to traffic prioritization and system load, 5G NR systems cannot perform distance estimation updates regularly.

[0064] Therefore, in the case of 5G NR CPP, it is necessary to propose a methodology that enables reliable IAR based on a single carrier in a packet-based mode, using one or more subsequent observations (multiple samples / instances).

[0065] Consider the coordinates TRPmxyz of a subset of M base stations and the ToA geometric positioning as a function of part of the measured distance between a selected UE and the mth TRP.

[0066] [Equation 1]

number

[0067] Equation 1 is used to obtain a rough estimate of the ToA location using a suboptimal set of base stations, as explained in a previous section.

[0068] When using carrier phase distance measurement, a highly accurate estimate can be obtained for the fractional wavelength portion of the distance measurement. The carrier phase estimate of the total distance consists of an integer N and a fraction Δ, as shown in Equation 2.

[0069] [Equation 2]

number

[0070] By using baseline coarse distance measurements, the initial estimate for an unknown integer can be expressed by Equation 3.

[0071] [Equation 3]

number

[0072] However, this initial estimate may differ from the actual value N by a certain degree, defined by the accuracy of the basic range measurement algorithm. For simplicity, a 95-99% confidence interval for the distance estimate d can be considered, which can be expressed in wavelengths. For example, for a good 100 MHz estimate, the range value is within 3 wavelengths from the initial rough estimate (N=3). If we denote such an integer error value as K, it can be set as follows:

[0073] [Equation 4]

number

[0074] With this preparation, we can obtain a cloud of 3D spatial points corresponding to the solution of Equation 1 for all possible N values:

[0075] [Formula 5]

number

[0076] Since an independent search is required for every TRP and its distance measurement d, the total number of points in the cloud will be (2K+1)M.

[0077] Equation 5 provides a point cloud for each of the possible integer wavelengths per measurement distance. The actual location lies among these, but a single cloud is not sufficient to resolve the ambiguity. Considering single-packet measurements, if there is no possibility of using different time observations, other point clouds are generated using other sets of BS. By deriving a point common to all clouds, a solution for the unknown integer can be provided (see Figure 4). Alternatively, the actual point can be selected from the clouds using other constraints and a cost function.

[0078] Simulation results showed that, in the typical CPP test scenario of an indoor factory (InF), a single observation access method can provide reliable IAR only for relatively large signal bandwidths (BW) (approximately 100 MHz). At this bandwidth, the initial rough estimates are already highly accurate, allowing the IAR algorithm to function well.

[0079] However, for small signal bandwidths of approximately 20-50 MHz, it is difficult to achieve the target accuracy in a single measurement, and it is also difficult to achieve a 90% confidence level for the IAR. Therefore, several observation processes are required, and it is necessary to transmit a large number of result PRSs.

[0080] Multiple observation processing includes the following actions:

[0081] - An action to improve the accuracy of a poor baseband estimate (Equation 1)

[0082] - An operation that increases the accuracy of IAR determination by removing IAR outliers using the MSE minimization method (see Figure 5).

[0083] Applying both of the aforementioned methods can significantly improve IAR reliability for small BW signals.

[0084] The simulation results in Figure 6 show that performance can be improved by appropriately processing a series of result PRS frames at a 10ms cycle.

[0085] (a) At 20 MHz, the accurate IAR establishment was doubled, and (b) at 50 MHz, the proposed processing was found to be able to reach the percentile rank of the critical 90% CDF level.

[0086] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for combining multiple observations for carrier phase positioning in a 5G NR system.

[0087] On the other hand, conventional 5G standards include a consequent PRS transmission mechanism along with information elements for a given number of repetitions (dl-PRS-ResourceRepetitionFactor-r16) and the interval between repetitions (dl-PRS-ResourceTimeGap-r16). The repetition mechanism included in conventional 5G standards was introduced to improve SINR and accuracy when channel conditions are extremely poor and the distance is long. However, this repetition mechanism is not triggered in general good conditions where CPP is possible.

[0088] Therefore, in order to enable repeated PRS transmission even with a good SNR, the TRP needs to know the CPP-related capabilities of the network (LMF). Thus, in relation to a series of repetitive processes, specific messages are introduced into CPP-related messaging (see Figure 7).

[0089] (1) Explanation

[0090] As mentioned above,

[0091] - Using multiple observations improves TDoA / ToA performance.

[0092] - As the number of observations increases, we can expect even higher accuracy in TDoA / ToA.

[0093] - Improved TDoA / ToA accuracy helps increase the estimation of integer values.

[0094] - As a result, CPP accuracy is significantly improved, especially when the BW size is small.

[0095] Conversely, due to phase changes caused by UE mobility, it is difficult to improve the accuracy of phase measurements in order to average multiple observations.

[0096] Therefore, the phase value must be measured by a single observation.

[0097] (2) Background

[0098] In conventional 5G standards:

[0099] - Up to four observation values ​​can be used for TDoA / ToA measurement.

[0100] - To inform the LMF about when the UE performs location measurements, it can report both a "timestamp" and a location measurement (e.g., TDoA / ToA).

[0101] - The timestamp is the frame / slot index that the UE uses to measure the PRS. Even if multiple observations are used for the measurement, a single timestamp is reported, which is at the discretion of the UE.

[0102] - Auxiliary data is used to support LMF / gNB / UE in positioning-related actions. For example, it is used by the LMF to recommend an appropriate number of observations to the UE for position measurement.

[0103] - Capability signaling is used to inform the gNB / LMF of the UE's ability to perform specific UE operations. Based on the reported UE capabilities, the LMF / gNB can determine which functions the UE can utilize and any associated limitations (e.g., the number of observations the UE uses for measurement).

[0104] (3) Proposal

[0105] (1) Explanation and (2) Background (improvement of the conventional 5G standard considering (1)):

[0106] - When the UE reports CPM along with OPM (Other Positioning Measurements) (e.g., DL-RSTD, UL-RTOA, or UE / TRP Rx-Tx time difference), M≧1 samples (instances) can be used for OPM, while N=1 samples (instances) can be used for CPM.

[0107] - UE will report its capacity for CPP support to LMF / gNB, and it is basically expected that N=1 will be formed.

[0108] - The UE can measure M samples (or instances) from the DL-PRS resource set and report its measurement support capabilities to the LMF / gNB.

[0109] - The LMF can inform the UE / gNB of the minimum M value required for OPM measurement.

[0110] - UE can provide LMF with auxiliary data, including preferred M values.

[0111] - LMF can provide UE / gNB with supplementary data, including recommended M values.

[0112] - UE / gNB can report the actual M-value used in OPM measurement along with the position measurement in the position measurement report.

[0113] - When the UE reports CPM along with OPM, a timestamp can be reported in the same measurement report, where the timestamp indicates the time instance in which the UE measured CPM.

[0114] In NR Rel-18 positioning, it is considered to support the UE in reporting both CPM (Carrier Phase Measurement) and OPM (Other Positioning Measurements, e.g., RSTD, RTOA, or Rx-Tx time difference) for CPP (Carrier Phase Based Positioning).

[0115] As mentioned above, OPM is used to solve the problem of unknown integers, and CPM can accurately estimate the location of the UE.

[0116] The evaluation results showed that the higher the OPM accuracy, the higher the CPP accuracy was observed to be.

[0117] Furthermore, using a larger sample size during measurement resulted in higher OPM accuracy.

[0118] In NR positioning, the basic method involves using M=4 samples to obtain the OPM (Original Product Model).

[0119] Generally, using multiple samples ensures high accuracy in most positioning measurements (e.g., time-domain based positioning methods).

[0120] In contrast, due to phase changes caused by UE mobility, averaging multiple observations does not improve the accuracy of phase measurements.

[0121] Furthermore, in order to implement a dual-diff method that is useful for removing TX / RX initial phase error components, the location server needs to know the exact time instance in which CPM is performed.

[0122] Therefore, CPM measurements using M=4 samples (e.g., averaging phase values ​​estimated over four time instances) may not be suitable for CPM reporting.

[0123] From this perspective, the following method for reporting location measurements and related procedures are proposed.

[0124] When an Rx node reports both CPM and OPM (e.g., DL-RSTD, UL-RTOA, or UE / TRP Rx-Tx time difference), M ≥ 1 sample (instance) is used for OPM and N = 1 sample (instance) is used for CPM.

[0125] - For example, UE reports a DL-RSTD measurement obtained by averaging four samples with other time instances, along with a CPM obtained from one time instance sample.

[0126] - For example, UE reports the Rx-Tx time difference obtained by averaging four samples with other time instances, along with the CPM obtained from one time instance sample.

[0127] - For example, gNB reports UL-RTOA measurements obtained by averaging four samples with other time instances, along with CPM obtained from one time instance sample.

[0128] - For example, gNB reports the Rx-Tx time difference obtained by averaging four samples with other time instances, along with the CPM obtained from one time instance sample.

[0129] An Rx node can report multiple pairs of location measurements in its location measurement report, with each pair of location measurements including a single OPM and a single associated CPM for the TRP (or RS resource).

[0130] An Rx node can report multiple pairs of location measurements in its location measurement report, and each pair of location measurements includes a single OPM and multiple associated CPMs for the TRP (or RS resource).

[0131] - Each CPM within a pair of position measurements is measured in a different time instance from each other.

[0132] When an Rx node reports CPM along with OPM, a timestamp is reported for each pair of position measurements, where the timestamp indicates the time instance in which the Rx node measured the CPM.

[0133] - If a pair of location measurements includes a single CPM, a single timestamp for the CPM is reported.

[0134] - If a pair of location measurements includes multiple CPMs, a timestamp corresponding to each CPM will be reported.

[0135] To support the methods described above, UE can report its capacity for CPP support.

[0136] To support the method described above, the UE can report its capability for the size of the supported M(s), where M is the number of samples that can be supported for the OPM. To obtain even higher accuracy than conventional methods, it can support M>4.

[0137] To support the method described above, the location server can set an M value for the Rx node. In this case, the Rx node measures OPM using M sample observations, while measuring CPM using a single sample observation.

[0138] To support the method described above, the location server can set the minimum M value that the Rx node should consider as the minimum value. In this case, the Rx node measures OPM using M or more sample observations, while measuring CPM using a single sample observation.

[0139] In addition to capability reports, the UE can request preferred M values ​​from the location server using auxiliary data.

[0140] In addition to the settings mentioned above, the location server can recommend an M value for gNB / UE based on auxiliary data.

[0141] If M is determined by the Rx node, the Rx node must report the M value used in the measurement in the report.

[0142] The method described above can improve the performance of CPP accuracy.

[0143] The method described above is useful when the BW size of the position reference signal is limited. For example, the CPP accuracy of a RedCap UE (i.e., where up to 20 MHz is allowed in the FR1 range) can be improved by applying the method described above.

[0144] Figure 8 shows an example of the method described above.

[0145] Figure 8(a) shows an example where a pair of location measurements includes a single OPM and a single associated CPM for a TRP (or RS resource). In this example, four time instances are used to measure the OPM, and one time instance is used for the associated CPM. The timestamp of the pair of location measurements is determined by the time instance of the CPM.

[0146] Figure 8(b) shows an example where a pair of location measurements includes a single OPM and multiple associated CPMs for a TRP (or RS resource). In this example, four time instances are used to measure the OPM, and a single time instance is used for each associated CPM. Additionally, the time instance for each CPM is used to determine each timestamp.

[0147] Figure 9 shows a method for performing position measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0148] Referring to Figure 9, the UE can perform various types of measurements for positioning (905). For example, the UE performs a first type of measurement for positioning, including carrier phase measurement (CPM), and a second type of measurement for positioning, which is different from the first type of measurement. Preferably, the number of time instances associated with the second type of measurement is equal to or greater than the number of time instances associated with the first type of measurement.

[0149] The UE can report various types of measurements for the positioning (910). For example, the UE reports both a first type measurement and a second type measurement.

[0150] Preferably, the first type measurement is performed based on a single time instance, and the second type measurement is performed based on multiple time instances.

[0151] Preferably, a single result obtained from the second type measurement is related to a plurality of results obtained from the first type measurement. Preferably, the plurality of results obtained from the first type measurement may have a plurality of different timestamp values ​​(e.g., Figure 8(b)).

[0152] Preferably, the UE submits a UE capability report that includes at least one of first information regarding whether the UE assists with a first type measurement and second information regarding the number of time instances the UE assists with for a second type measurement.

[0153] Preferably, the UE receives third information regarding the number of time instances related to the second type measurement.

[0154] Preferably, the third piece of information includes the number of minimum time instances related to the second type measurement.

[0155] Preferably, the UE transmits a number of time instances preferred by the UE, related to the second type measurement.

[0156] Preferably, the first type measurement and the second type measurement are included in a single measurement report.

[0157] Preferably, a single measurement report includes the number of time instances related to the second type of measurement.

[0158] Preferably, a single measurement report includes timestamp information for the first type of measurement.

[0159] Preferably, the timestamp information for the first type measurement indicates the time instance in which the first type measurement is performed.

[0160] Preferably, the second type of measurement includes at least one of the following: downlink reference signal time difference (DL-RSTD) measurement, uplink relative arrival time (UL-RTOA) measurement, or receive-transmit time difference measurement.

[0161] Another aspect of the present invention provides a non-temporary medium for storing instructions that cause a processor to perform the method described above.

[0162] In another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for performing a method for performing the measurement for positioning is provided.

[0163] Figure 10 illustrates a communication system 1 applicable to the present invention.

[0164] Referring to Figure 10, the communication system 1 to which the present invention applies includes wireless equipment, a base station, and a network. Here, wireless equipment means equipment that communicates using wireless connectivity technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)), and is also referred to as communication / wireless / 5G equipment. However, wireless equipment includes, but is not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1, 100b-2, XR (eXtended Reality) equipment 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, IoT (Internet of Things) equipment 100f, and AI servers / equipment 400. For example, vehicles include vehicles equipped with wireless communication functions, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of inter-vehicle communication. Here, vehicles include UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) (e.g., drones). XR devices include AR (Augmented Reality) / VR (Virtual Reality) / MR (Mixed Reality) devices and are embodied in forms such as HMDs (Head-Mounted Devices), HUDs (Head-Up Displays) installed in vehicles, TVs, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, and robots. Mobile devices include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebook computers). Home appliances include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices include sensors and smart meters. For example, base stations and networks are also embodied in wireless devices, and certain wireless devices 200a can also operate as base stations / network nodes for other wireless devices.

[0165] Wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to network 300 via base station 200. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 is configured using a 3G network, 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or 5G (e.g., NR) network. Wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via base station 200 / network 300, but can also communicate directly without going through the base station / network (e.g., side-link communication). For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0166] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c are performed between wireless devices 100a-100f / base station 200 and between base stations 200 / base station 200. Here, wireless communication / connection is performed by uplink / downlink communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), and communication between base stations 150c (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul), etc., using various wireless connection technologies (e.g., 5G NR)). Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c enable wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations to transmit / receive radio signals from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present invention, one of the following is performed: a process of setting various configuration information for transmitting / receiving radio signals, a process of various signal processing (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), or a resource allocation process.

[0167] Figure 11 illustrates a wireless device to which the present invention can be applied.

[0168] Referring to Figure 11, the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 transmit and receive wireless signals using various wireless connection technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {first wireless device 100, second wireless device 200} correspond to {wireless device 100x, base station 200} and / or {wireless device 100x, wireless device 100x} in Figure 10.

[0169] The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and further includes one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 controls the memory 104 and / or the transceivers 106 and is configured to embody the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. For example, the processor 102 processes information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmits a wireless signal containing the first information / signals with the transceiver 106. The processor 102 also receives a wireless signal containing second information / signals with the transceiver 106, and then stores the information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 is linked to the processor 102 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 stores software code that includes instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102, or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. Here, the processor 102 and memory 104 are part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to embody wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 is connected to the processor 102 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 includes a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver 106 can also be mixed with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In this invention, wireless equipment can also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0170] The second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and further includes one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 controls the memory 204 and / or the transceivers 206 and is configured to embody the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. For example, the processor 202 processes information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmits a wireless signal containing the third information / signals with the transceiver 206. The processor 202 also receives a wireless signal containing fourth information / signals with the transceiver 206, and then stores the information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 is linked to the processor 202 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 stores software code that includes instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202, or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. Here, the processor 202 and memory 204 are part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to embody wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 is connected to the processor 202 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 includes a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver 206 can also be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In this invention, wireless equipment also means a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0171] The hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. However, one or more protocol layers are embodied by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 embody one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 generate one or more PDUs (Protocol Data Units) and / or one or more SDUs (Service Data Units) by means of the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. One or more processors 102 and 202 generate messages, control information, data, or information by means of the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. One or more processors 102, 202 generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) containing PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information by the functions, procedures, suggestions and / or methods disclosed in this specification and provide them to one or more transceivers 106, 206. One or more processors 102, 202 receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206 and can obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information by the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification.

[0172] One or more processors 102, 202 are also referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102, 202 are embodied by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), one or more DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), one or more DSPDs (Digital Signal Processing Devices), one or more PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), or one or more FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) are included in one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification are embodied using firmware or software, and the firmware or software is embodied to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification is included in one or more processors 102, 202, or is stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and driven by one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification may be embodied using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0173] One or more memory units 104, 204 are connected to one or more processors 102, 202 and can store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memory units 104, 204 consist of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memory units 104, 204 are located inside and / or outside one or more processors 102, 202. Furthermore, one or more memory units 104, 204 are connected to one or more processors 102, 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0174] One or more transceivers 106, 206 can transmit user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the methods and / or flowcharts described herein, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 can receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed herein, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 to transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. Also, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. Furthermore, one or more transceivers 106, 206 are connected to one or more antennas 108, 208, and one or more transceivers 106, 206 are configured by one or more antennas 108, 208 to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or flowcharts disclosed in this specification. In this specification, one or more antennas are multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102, 202. One or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed by one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106, 206 include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0175] The embodiments described above are combinations of the components and features of the present invention in a predetermined form. Each component or feature should be considered optional unless otherwise explicitly mentioned. Each component or feature can be implemented in a form that is not combined with other components or features. It is also possible to combine some components and / or features to constitute embodiments of the present invention. The order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present invention is changeable. Some components or features of any embodiment can be included in other embodiments, or replaced with corresponding components or features of other embodiments. It is obvious that embodiments can be formed by combining claims that are not explicitly related by reference in the claims, or by including them as new claims through amendments after filing.

[0176] In this specification, embodiments of the present invention are primarily described focusing on the signal transmission and reception relationship between a terminal and a base station. Such transmission and reception relationships can be similarly / identically extended to signal transmission and reception between a terminal and a relay, or between a base station and a relay. Specific operations described in this specification as being performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. That is, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal in a network consisting of multiple network nodes including a base station can be performed by the base station or other network nodes. Base stations may also be referred to as fixed stations, Node B, eNode B (eNB), or access points. Terminals may also be referred to as UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), or MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station).

[0177] It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that this disclosure can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the features of this disclosure. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be constrained in any way restrictively, but should be considered illustrative. The scope of the invention shall be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the invention are included within the scope of the invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0178] This invention can be used in terminals, base stations, or other equipment of wireless mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for a UE (user equipment) to perform positioning measurements in a wireless communication system, Perform a first type of measurement for positioning, including carrier phase measurement (CPM). Perform a second type measurement for positioning different from the first type measurement, and Including reporting both the first type measurement and the second type measurement, The number of time instances associated with the second type measurement is equal to or greater than the number of time instances associated with the first type measurement.

2. A single result obtained from the second type measurement is related to a plurality of results obtained from the first type measurement. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of results obtained from the first type measurement have a plurality of different timestamp values.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first type measurement is performed once for a single time instance, and the second type measurement is performed several times for a plurality of time instances.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting a UE capability report comprising at least one of first information relating to whether the UE assists in the first type measurement and second information relating to the number of time instances that the UE assists in for the second type measurement.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising receiving third information relating to the number of time instances associated with the second type measurement.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the third information includes the number of minimum time instances related to the second type measurement.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising transmitting a number of time instances preferred by the UE, relating to the second type measurement.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first type measurement and the second type measurement are reported in a single measurement report.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the single measurement report includes a number of time instances related to the second type of measurement.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the single measurement report includes timestamp information for the first type of measurement.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the timestamp information for the first type measurement indicates a time instance in which the first type measurement is performed.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second type of measurement comprises at least one of downlink-reference signal time difference (DL-RSTD) measurement, uplink-relative time of arrival (UL-RTOA) measurement, or receive-transmit time difference measurement.

13. A non-temporary medium for storing instructions causing a processor to perform the method described in claim 1.

14. A device for wireless communication, Memory configured to store instructions, and Includes a processor configured to perform operations by executing the aforementioned instructions, The operation performed by the aforementioned processor is: Perform a first type of measurement for positioning, including carrier phase measurement (CPM). Perform a second type measurement for positioning different from the first type measurement, and Including reporting both the first type measurement and the second type measurement, An apparatus in which the number of time instances related to the second type measurement is equal to or greater than the number of time instances related to the first type measurement.

15. Further including a transceiver, The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the apparatus is a UE (user equipment) that operates in a wireless communication system.

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