Signaling support for multiple coding schemes to a single user device

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A first device may transmit control signaling to a second device. The control signaling may indicate a set of different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of spatial streams or a set of resource units (RUs), and the control signaling may indicate that each MCS is applied to each spatial stream or each RU. The first device may use the first MCS to transmit one or more first bits of a first service data unit to the second device via a first spatial stream of the first RU or via the first RU, and may use the second MCS to transmit one or more second bits of the first or second service data unit via a second spatial stream or via the second RU.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross-reference) This patent application claims priority to Indian Patent Application No. 202324070670, filed on October 17, 2023, by YANG et al. entitled "SIGNALING SUPPORT FOR MULTIPLE CODING SCHEMES TO A SINGLE USER DEVICE", which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This Indian Patent Application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 321,624, filed on May 22, 2023, by YANG et al. entitled "SIGNALING SUPPORT FOR MULTIPLE CODING SCHEMES TO A SINGLE USER DEVICE".

Background Art

[0002] The following relates to wireless communication and includes signaling support for multiple coding schemes to a single user device.

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, including voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcast. These systems may be multiple access systems capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Wireless networks, such as Wi-Fi (i.e., IEEE 802.11) networks, or WLANs, may include access points (APs) that can communicate with one or more stations (STAs) or mobile devices. APs may be coupled to a network such as the Internet, enabling mobile devices to communicate over the network (or with other devices coupled to the access point). Wireless devices may communicate bidirectionally with network devices. For example, in a WLAN, an STA may communicate with the associated AP via DLs and ULs. DL (or forward link) may refer to a communication link from the AP to the station, and UL (or reverse link) may refer to a communication link from the station to the AP. [Overview of the Initiative] [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] A method for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device is described. The method involves transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a plurality of different sets of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) to be applied to at least one of a plurality of sets of spatial streams or a plurality of sets of resource units (RUs), the control signaling indicating that each MCS from the plurality of different sets of MCS is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the set of RUs, and, in accordance with the control signaling, using the first MCS from the plurality of different sets of MCS, a set of spatial streams This may include transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream or via a first RU of a set of multiple RUs, and transmitting one or more second bits of a first or second service data unit to the first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams or via a second RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS of a set of multiple different MCSs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0005] A first wireless device for wireless communication is described. The first wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating to execute the code individually or collectively, wherein the code causes the first wireless device to transmit control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling representing a set of multiple different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of multiple spatial streams or a set of multiple RUs, and the control signaling representing each of the multiple different MCSs applied to each of the multiple spatial streams or each of the multiple RUs The system indicates that it is present and, in accordance with control signaling, causes a second wireless device to transmit one or more first bits of a first service data unit according to a first MCS among a set of multiple different MCSs, via a first spatial stream among a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a first RU among a set of multiple RUs, and, in accordance with control signaling, causes a second wireless device to transmit one or more second bits of the first or second service data unit according to a second MCS among a set of multiple different MCSs, via a second spatial stream among a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU among a set of multiple RUs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0006] Another first wireless device for wireless communication. The first wireless device is a means for transmitting a control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling indicating a plurality of different sets of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a plurality of sets of spatial streams or a plurality of sets of RUs, the control signaling indicating that each MCS from the plurality of different sets of MCS is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the sets of RUs, and according to the control signaling, according to a first MCS from the plurality of different sets of MCS, the plurality of spatial streams Means for transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a second wireless device via a first spatial stream among a set of multiple RUs, or via a first RU among a set of multiple RUs; and means for transmitting one or more second bits of the first or second service data unit to a second wireless device in accordance with control signaling, via a second spatial stream among a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU among a set of multiple RUs, according to a second MCS among a set of multiple different MCSs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0007] A non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing code for wireless communication in a first wireless device is described. The code may include instructions that are executable by at least one processor, the instructions causing a second wireless device to send a control signaling, the control signaling indicating a plurality of different sets of modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) to be applied to at least one of a plurality of sets of spatial streams or a plurality of sets of RUs, the control signaling indicating that each of the sets of different MCSs is applied to each of the sets of spatial streams or to each of the sets of RUs, and according to the control signaling, the first MCS of the set of different MCS The system causes a second wireless device to transmit one or more first bits of a first service data unit via a first spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a first RU from a set of multiple RUs, and, according to control signaling, causes a second wireless device to transmit one or more second bits of the first or second service data unit via a second spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU from a set of multiple RUs, according to a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, where the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0008] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the control signaling includes a set of multiple user information fields (UIFs), each of which set of UIFs indicates that each of the MCSs from a set of multiple different MCSs may be applied to each of the spatial streams from a set of multiple spatial streams or each of the RUs from a set of multiple RUs, and each of which set of UIFs includes user identification information associated with a second wireless device.

[0009] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the control signaling includes a single user-specific field (USF) indicating a second wireless device, and a single USF indicating each MCS of a set of multiple different MCSs may be applied to each spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or to each RU of a set of multiple RUs.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a single USF includes a UIF containing one or more bits, the first bit value of which indicates that the UIF includes a subfield indicating that each MCS of a set of several different MCSs may be applied to each spatial stream of a set of several spatial streams or each RU of a set of several RUs.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the size of each group of spatial streams or the size of each group of RUs, and the amount of each group of spatial streams or the amount of each group of RUs.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a single USF may have a fixed size.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, each MCS corresponds to each spatial stream, and each spatial stream may be ordered according to the non-ascending order of the respective code rates associated with each corresponding MCS; a single USF indicates a first MCS for a first spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams, and each difference value for each of the other spatial streams in the set of multiple spatial streams, where each difference value indicates an MCS for an MCS associated with an adjacent stream, and the first MCS may be associated with the highest or lowest code rate among the respective MCSs.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, each MCS corresponds to a respective spatial stream, and each spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams may be grouped into one or more spatial stream subsets, with a single user-specific field indicating a different MCS associated with each of the one or more spatial stream subsets.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, control signaling includes a common field and a set of UIFs containing a single USF, and the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding the common field and each UIF according to their respective code blocks.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, control signaling includes a set of UIFs, each containing a single USF; the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding each subset of the set of UIFs according to each code block, based on the amount of bits in each UIF that satisfies a bit amount threshold, where a given subset of the set of UIFs contains an amount of bits less than or equal to the size of the corresponding code block.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the bit size of the control signaling may be based on control signaling containing instructions for each MCS, for each spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams, or for each RU in a set of multiple RUs.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to the same code rate and for mapping one or more first bits to a first spatial stream and one or more second bits to a second spatial stream via a stream parser, wherein the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to a first modulation size of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to a second modulation size of the second MCS.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to a set of encoders associated with a set of spatial streams, wherein one or more first bits may be encoded according to a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first spatial stream, and one or more second bits may be encoded according to a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with the second spatial stream, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to a first modulation size and a first code rate of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to a second modulation size and a second code rate of the second MCS.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, an MCS among several different sets of MCSs that may have the same coding rate may be associated with the same encoder among several sets of encoders.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to the same code rate and mapping one or more first bits to a first RU and one or more second bits to a second RU via an RU parser, wherein the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to a first modulation size of a first MCS and a first size of the first RU, and the first RU is associated with a first tone mapper; and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to a second modulation size of a second MCS and a second size of the second RU, and the second RU is associated with a second tone mapper.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to a set of encoders associated with a set of RUs, wherein one or more first bits may be encoded according to a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first RU, the first RU being associated with a first tone mapper; one or more second bits may be encoded according to a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with a second RU, the second RU being associated with a second tone mapper; the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to a first modulation size, a first code rate of the first MCS, and a first size of the first RU; the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to a second modulation size, a second code rate of the second MCS, and a second size of the second RU.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a first wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit; the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding the first service data unit according to a first encoder of a set of encoders, and encoding the second service data unit according to a second encoder of a set of encoders, each of which set of encoders may be associated with each spatial stream of a set of spatial streams and each MCS associated with each spatial stream.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, an MCS among several different sets of MCSs that may have the same coding rate may be associated with the same encoder among several sets of encoders.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a first wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit; the methods, apparatus, and non-temporary computer-readable media may include further operations, features, means, or instructions for encoding the first service data unit according to a first encoder of a set of encoders, and encoding the second service data unit according to a second encoder of a set of encoders; each of the sets of encoders may be associated with each RU and each MCS associated with each RU of a set of RUs; and each of the RUs may be associated with each tone mapper.

[0026] A method for wireless communication by a first wireless device is described. The method may include transmitting a control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and indicating that each of the QAMs in the set of multiple QAMs is applied to each of the spatial streams in the set of multiple spatial streams.

[0027] A first wireless device for wireless communication will be described. The first wireless device may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively operable to cause the first wireless device to execute code for transmitting control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator indicating that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and each QAM of the set of multiple QAMs being applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams.

[0028] Another first wireless device for wireless communication will be described. The first wireless device may include means for transmitting control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator indicating that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and each QAM of the set of multiple QAMs being applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams.

[0029] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication will be described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor for transmitting control signaling to a second wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator indicating that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and each QAM of the set of multiple QAMs being applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams.

[0030] The methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to a second wireless device via a first spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, in accordance with a first QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, according to control signaling, and transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a second wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, in accordance with a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, according to control signaling.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the control signaling includes an MCS field indicating a first set of entries for one or more spatial streams associated with equal QAMs and a second set of entries for a set of multiple spatial streams associated with indicators for unequal QAMs.

[0032] In the methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media, the MCS field further indicates the quantity of a set of multiple spatial streams.

[0033] In the methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media, an indicator for unequal QAM may be a set of bits contained within the MCS field of the user information field, and the amount of a set of multiple spatial streams may be indicated within a second field of the user information field.

[0034] In the methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media, an indicator for unequal QAM may be a subfield of the MCS field or a second field associated with the MCS field, where the first value of the subfield indicates unequal QAM across a set of multiple spatial streams, and the second value of the subfield indicates equal QAM and equal MCS across a set of multiple spatial streams, where the sets of multiple spatial streams may be ordered according to the non-ascending channel quality associated with the set of multiple spatial streams.

[0035] In the methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media, the MCS field includes a set of bits associated with a set of unequal QAMs based on an indicator for unequal QAMs containing a first value, the set of bits representing each unequal QAM associated with each spatial stream among a set of multiple spatial streams.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the indicator for unequal QAM may be a first value indicating that a first spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a first QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, and the indicator for unequal QAM may be a first value indicating that a second spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, the second QAM being one QAM level lower than the first QAM.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first wireless device transmits one or more third bits of a data packet according to a third spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, wherein an indicator of unequal QAM may be of a first value indicating that the first and second spatial streams use an MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the indicator of unequal QAM may indicate that the third spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM level which may be one level lower than the first QAM level.

[0038] In the methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the indicator for unequal QAM may be of a first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, and the indicator for unequal QAM may be of a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses a first code rate and a first QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, the first QAM being one QAM level higher than the second QAM.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first wireless device transmits one or more third bits of a data packet according to a third spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, wherein the indicator of unequal QAM may be of a first value indicating that the third spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the indicator of unequal QAM may be of a first value indicating that the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream each use a first code rate and a second QAM level which may be one level higher than the first QAM level.

[0040] The methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-transient computer-readable media may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting instructions in a single spatial stream based on a long-term signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value being less than a long-term SNR threshold, or a short-term SNR value being less than a short-term SNR threshold.

[0041] In the methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-transient computer-readable media, the long-term SNR value may be greater than a first long-term SNR threshold and less than a second long-term SNR threshold, and the short-term SNR value may be greater than a first short-term SNR threshold and less than a second long-term SNR threshold.

[0042] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on an SNR gap value between the first and second spatial streams that is below a first SNR gap threshold.

[0043] In the methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may differ from the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on the fact that the SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream is greater than the first SNR gap threshold and less than the second SNR gap threshold.

[0044] Some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting instructions for a single spatial stream, based on the fact that the SNR gap value between a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream is greater than a first SNR gap threshold and greater than a second SNR gap threshold.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream based on a long-term SNR value greater than a first long-term SNR threshold and a second long-term SNR threshold, or based on a short-term SNR value greater than a first short-term SNR threshold and a second short-term SNR threshold.

[0046] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, a first SNR value may be associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value may be associated with a second spatial stream, the MCS may include a first code rate and a first QAM based on the first and second SNR values, the first spatial stream uses the MCS, and the second spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM.

[0047] The methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a second wireless device via a third spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, in accordance with control signaling, in accordance with a third QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, and in accordance with a third spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams.

[0048] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, the first and second QAMs may be associated with the first QAM level, and the third QAM may be associated with the second QAM level, which may be one QAM level lower than the first QAM level.

[0049] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, a first SNR value may be associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value may be associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value may be associated with a third spatial stream, and the MCS may be based on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, and the third SNR value, and the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, and the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level.

[0050] The methods described herein, the first wireless device, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a second wireless device via a third spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, in accordance with a third QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, according to control signaling, and transmitting one or more fourth bits of a data packet to the second wireless device via a fourth spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, in accordance with a fourth QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, according to control signaling.

[0051] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a first QAM, a second QAM, and a third QAM may be associated with a first QAM level, and a fourth QAM may be associated with a second QAM level that may be two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0052] The methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-transient computer-readable media described herein include a first SNR value associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value associated with a third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value associated with a fourth spatial stream, and the MCS is obtained based on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, the third SNR value, and the fourth SNR value, and the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the first, second, and third spatial streams use the MCS, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level.

[0053] In the methods, first wireless devices, and some examples of non-temporary computer-readable media described herein, a first QAM and a second QAM may be associated with a first QAM level, a third QAM may be associated with a second QAM level which may be one QAM level lower than the first QAM level, and a fourth QAM may be associated with a third QAM level which may be two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0054] In some examples of the methods, first wireless devices, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, a first SNR value may be associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value may be associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value may be associated with a third spatial stream, a fourth SNR value may be associated with a fourth spatial stream, and the MCS may be based on the first SNR value, second SNR value, third SNR value, and fourth SNR value, and the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and second QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and third QAM level. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0055] [Figure 1] Each of the embodiments of this disclosure illustrates an example of a wireless communication system that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device. [Figure 2] Each of the embodiments of this disclosure illustrates an example of a wireless communication system that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device. [Figure 3] Each of the following is an example of a single physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU) coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] Each of the following is an example of a single physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU) coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] Each of the following is an example of a single physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU) coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] Each of the following is an example of a single physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU) coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] Each of the following is an example of a single physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU) coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 8]Each of the following is an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] Each of the following is an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] Each of the following is an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] An example of a process flow supporting signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. [Figure 12] A block diagram of a device supporting signaling assistance for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. [Figure 13] A block diagram of a device supporting signaling assistance for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. [Figure 14] A block diagram of a communications manager supporting signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. [Figure 15] The diagram shows a system including a device that supports signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. [Figure 16] A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting signaling assistance for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is provided. [Figure 17] A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting signaling assistance for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is provided. [Figure 18]A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting signaling assistance for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is provided. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0056] In some examples of wireless communication, a transmitter device may transmit data to a single user device according to a modulation and coding scheme (MCS). A given MCS may be associated with the type of modulation (e.g., quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), etc.) and the code rate (e.g., a ratio indicating the number of redundant bits contained in a service data unit). In some cases, it may be advantageous for the transmitter device to transmit different parts of the data using different spatial streams, or different resource units (RUs), or both. For example, the transmitter device may transmit a first part of a first service data unit over a first spatial stream or a first RU, and a second part of the first service data unit over a second spatial stream or a second RU. However, in some cases, different spatial streams or RUs may be associated with different levels of quality (e.g., different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)), and it may be advantageous to use different (e.g., unequal) MCSs for different spatial streams or RUs. However, without signaling indicating unequal MCS across spatial streams or RUs to a single user device, that single user device may not be able to receive one or more service data units encoded using multiple unequal MCS.

[0057] In some implementations of this disclosure, a wireless communication system may support the use of unequal MCSs across multiple spatial streams, or RUs, or both. For example, a transmitter device may include in its physical (PHY) preamble a reference to a set of MCSs corresponding to a set of spatial streams, a set of RUs, or both. In some cases, the transmitter device may include a reference to each unequal MCS using a respective user information field (UIF), each UIF containing identification information for a single user device. In some other cases, the transmitter device may indicate each of the unequal MCSs in the corresponding spatial stream or RU within a single user-specific field (USF).

[0058] A transmitter device may encode data according to the MCS indicated in the PHY preamble. For example, a transmitter device may first prepare a service data unit (e.g., a PHY Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) service data unit (PSDU)) at the medium access control (MAC) layer. Thus, the transmitter device may encode the PSDU at the PHY layer. In some cases, the transmitter device may encode the entire PSDU using the same coding rate and then parse the encoded PSDU into parts, each part of which may correspond to a spatial stream or RU, with the size of each part being proportional to the MCS used for a given spatial stream or RU. In some cases, the transmitter device may parse an unencoded PSDU into parts, each part of which corresponds to the respective encoder associated with its respective MCS.

[0059] In some implementations of this disclosure, a wireless communication system may support the transmission of a single PSDU in accordance with unequal quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) across multiple spatial streams, or RUs, or both. For example, a transmitter device may include, in a non-ascending order, an indication of a set of spatial streams associated with the same code rate and the respective QAM for each set of spatial streams within the MCS field of the PHY preamble. In some examples, the PHY preamble may include a QAM indication subfield, the first value of which may indicate equal QAM across a set of spatial streams, and the second value of which may indicate unequal QAM across a set of spatial streams. In some cases, the second value of which may indicate that the set of bits in the MCS field is associated with an unequal QAM table indicating a set of unequal QAMs associated with a set of spatial streams. In some cases of the second value, the subfield may indicate that the first spatial stream having the highest quality intrinsic channel among the set of spatial streams is associated with the MCS indicated by the MCS field, and that each of the other spatial streams may use the same code rate as the first spatial stream and a QAM that is one or two QAM levels lower than the QAM of the first spatial stream. In some cases of the second value, the subfield may indicate that the first spatial stream having the lowest quality intrinsic channel among the set of spatial streams is associated with the MCS indicated by the MCS field, and that each of the other spatial streams may use the same code rate as the first spatial stream and a QAM that is one or two QAM levels higher than the QAM of the first spatial stream.

[0060] A transmitter device may determine whether to use equal or unequal QAM for a set of spatial streams based on the SNR measurement associated with each intrinsic channel of the set of spatial streams. For example, the transmitter device may measure the long-term channel SNR, the short-term channel SNR, or both for the set of spatial streams and compare the SNR values ​​to one or more SNR thresholds to determine whether to use equal or unequal QAM. If the transmitter device decides to use unequal QAM, it may perform a rate adaptation procedure to determine the QAM for each of the set of spatial streams. For example, the rate adaptation procedure may include determining a first MCS associated with a first spatial stream. Thus, each of the other spatial streams may use the same code rate as the first MCS, and a QAM that is the same as, one QAM level lower than, or two QAM levels lower than, the QAM of the first MCS.

[0061] In scenarios where a transmitter device may encode partial data across multiple spatial streams or RUs using unequal MCSs, both the transmitter device and a single user device may benefit from signal noise reduction. For example, applying a separate MCS to each spatial stream or RU based on the fact that different spatial streams and RUs are associated with different levels of noise may improve throughput for each spatial stream or RU. Such use of each MCS may enable increased throughput for signal noise reduction for each spatial stream or RU.

[0062] Furthermore, in scenarios where a transmitter device can encode portions of the PSDU across multiple spatial streams using unequal QAMs, both the transmitter device and a single user device may benefit from increased data throughput. For example, if the first three spatial streams achieve MCS saturation using a first QAM, the transmitter device may increase data throughput by using a fourth spatial stream associated with a different QAM than the first. Additionally, using the SNR values ​​associated with a set of spatial streams to determine whether to use equal or unequal QAMs across the set of spatial streams may increase data throughput. For example, if a set of spatial streams are associated with relatively similar SNR values, using equal QAMs across the set of spatial streams may increase data throughput. However, if a set of spatial streams are associated with relatively different SNR values, using unequal QAMs across the set of spatial streams may increase throughput for each spatial stream. Such use of each QAM may enable increased throughput for signal noise reduction for each spatial stream.

[0063] The aspects of this disclosure will first be described in the context of wireless communication systems. These aspects will be further illustrated by single PSDU coding procedures, multi-PSDU coding procedures, and process flows. These aspects will also be further illustrated and described by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to signaling support for multiple coding schemes for a single user device.

[0064] Figure 1 shows a wireless communication system 100 (also known as a Wi-Fi network) configured according to various aspects of this disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include an AP 105 and a plurality of associated STAs 115, where the STAs 115 may represent devices such as mobile stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), other handheld devices, netbooks, notebook computers, tablet computers, laptops, display devices (e.g., TVs, computer monitors, etc.), and printers. The AP 105 and its associated stations 115 may represent a BSS or ESS. Various STAs 115 in the network can communicate with each other through the AP 105. A coverage area 110 of the AP 105, which may represent the BSA of the wireless communication system 100, is also shown. An extended network station (not shown) associated with the wireless communication system 100 may be connected to a wired or wireless distribution system that can enable multiple APs 105 to be connected within an ESS.

[0065] In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may support the use of unequal MCSs across multiple spatial streams or RUs. For example, AP105, acting as a transmitter device, may include in its PHY preamble an indication of a set of MCSs corresponding to a set of spatial streams, a set of RUs, or both. In some cases, the transmitter device may include an indication of each unequal MCS using a respective UIF, each UIF containing identification information for a single user device. In some other cases, the transmitter device may indicate each of the corresponding spatial streams or unequal MCSs within a single USF.

[0066] A transmitter device may encode data according to the MCS indicated in the PHY preamble. For example, the transmitter device may first prepare a service data unit (e.g., a PSDU) at the MAC layer. Thus, the transmitter device may encode the PSDU at the PHY layer. In some cases, the transmitter device may encode the entire PSDU using the same code rate and then parse the encoded PSDU into parts, each part of which may correspond to a spatial stream or RU, the size of which is proportional to the MCS used for a given spatial stream or RU. In some cases, the transmitter device may parse an unencoded PSDU into parts, each part of which corresponds to the respective encoder associated with the respective MCS or code rate.

[0067] Although not shown in Figure 1, an STA115 may be located at the intersection of two or more coverage areas 110 and may be associated with two or more AP105s. A set of a single AP105 and its associated STA115s may be called a BSS. An ESS is a set of connected BSSs. A distribution system (not shown) may be used to connect the AP105s in an ESS. In some cases, the coverage area 110 of the AP105s may be divided into sectors (also not shown). The wireless communication system 100 may include different types of AP105s (e.g., metropolitan area, home network, etc.) along with various overlapping coverage areas 110. Two STA115s may also communicate directly via a direct wireless link 125, regardless of whether both STA115s are in the same coverage area 110. Examples of direct wireless links 120 may include Wi-Fi Direct connections, Wi-Fi Tunneled Direct Link Setup (TDLS) links, and other group connections. STA115 and AP105 can communicate according to WLAN radio and baseband protocols for the physical and MAC layers from IEEE 802.11 and, but not limited to, versions including 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11a, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ad, 802.11ah, 802.11ax, etc. In other implementations, peer-to-peer connections or ad-hoc networks may be implemented within the wireless communication system 100.

[0068] In some cases, an STA115 (or AP105) may be discoverable by a central AP105, but not by other STA115s within the central AP105's coverage area 110. For example, one STA115 may be at one end of the central AP105's coverage area 110, while the other STA115 is at the other end. Thus, both STA115s can communicate with AP105, but cannot receive transmissions from the other. This can lead to transmissions for two STA115s colliding in a contention-based environment (e.g., CSMA / CA), as the two STA115s cannot refrain from preferentially transmitting to each other. An STA115 that is in the same coverage area 110 but whose transmissions are not discoverable may be known as a hidden node. CSMA / CA can be intercepted by the exchange of RTS packets transmitted by the transmitting STA115 (or AP105) and CTS packets transmitted by the receiving STA115 (or AP105). This can warn other devices within range of the transmitter and receiver not to transmit during the most critical transmission duration. Thus, RTS / CTS can help mitigate the problem of hidden nodes.

[0069] Figure 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a transmitter device 205, which may be an AP 105, STA 115, or both, as described with reference to Figure 1, and a receiver device 210. Furthermore, the transmitter device 205 and the receiver device 210 may communicate within a coverage area 110-a that may represent the BSA of the wireless communication system 200.

[0070] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may transmit data to the receiver device 210 according to the MCS. The MCS may be associated with a type of modulation. For example, a given MCS may modulate data packets according to the techniques of QAM, QPSK, and BPSK, among other examples. Furthermore, a given MCS may be associated with a code rate that may correspond to the ratio between the amount of information bits in the PSDU and the total number of bits (e.g., information bits + redundant bits).

[0071] In some cases, it may be advantageous for the transmitter device 205 to transmit different portions of the data using different spatial streams (e.g., the connection between the transmitter device 205 and the receiver device 210). For example, the transmitter device 205 may transmit a first portion of the PSDU over a first spatial stream and a second portion of the PSDU over a second spatial stream. In some cases, the transmitter device 205 may use multiple streams to communicate with the receiver device 210 in accordance with multi-input / multi-output (MIMO) communication. However, in some cases, MIMO channel measurements across multiple streams may experience large differences in channel quality across different eigendirections (e.g., differences in SNR across spatial streams). Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may determine a separate MCS for each spatial stream to account for the differences in SNR between spatial streams. For example, the first spatial stream may correspond to a first MCS, and the second spatial stream may correspond to a second MCS. In some examples, multi-space stream transmission can correspond to non-orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (non-OFDMA) beamforming transmission with or without channel puncture.

[0072] In some cases, it may be advantageous for the transmitter device 205 to transmit different portions of the data using different RUs (e.g., bandwidth subcarrier frequencies used for both uplink and downlink communication for open-loop (OL) OFDMA transmission). For example, the transmitter device 205 may transmit a first portion of the PSDU over a first RU and a second portion of the PSDU over a second RU. However, in some cases, channel measurements across multiple RUs or subbands may experience large differences in channel quality across different frequencies (e.g., differences in signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio (SINR) across RUs). Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may determine a separate MCS for each RU to increase throughput from frequency selectivity. For example, a first RU may correspond to a first MCS, and a second RU may correspond to a second MCS. In some examples, each RU may have one or more respective spatial streams. In such examples, each spatial stream corresponding to the same RU may be associated with the same MCS.

[0073] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 and the receiver device 210 may communicate using multiple RU (MRU) communications. Thus, in both RU and MRU communications, the RU may be divided into RU components, each RU component may correspond to its own MCS, and each MCS may differ for different RU components. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may divide the communication across four RU components and up to four RU components. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may divide the RU into RU components without loss of frequency tone (for example, a 52-tone RU may be divided into two 26-tone RU components). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may divide the RU into RU components that have some null tones that may not carry data (for example, a 106-tone RU may be divided into two 52-tone RU components with two null tones). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may divide the MRU into RU components (for example, a 52+26 tone MRU may be divided into a 52 tone RU component and a 26 tone RU component, or into three 26 tone RU components).

[0074] Depending on the spatial streams and the RUs, the transmitter device 205 may support MAC layer and PHY layer processing to support unequal MCSs across spatial streams, RUs, or both. The transmitter device 205 may use the MAC layer to generate one or more PSDUs for transmission to the receiver device 210. Depending on the MAC payload assignment for unequal MCSs, the transmitter device 205 may prepare a single PSDU for transmission to the receiver device 210, or it may prepare two or more PSDUs for transmission to the receiver device 210.

[0075] In an example of a single PSDU transmission, the transmitter device 205 may generate the PSDU at the MAC layer and encode the PSDU at the PHY layer (e.g., PSDU encoding and mapping procedure 220). At the PHY layer, the transmitter device 205 may split the bits of the PSDU across different spatial streams or RUs according to different MCSs, either before or after encoding. In an example where each of the different MCSs has the same code rate, the transmitter device 205 may encode the information bits before splitting the encoded bits into different spatial streams or RUs. In an example where each of the different MCSs has a different code rate, the transmitter device 205 may split the information bits into different spatial streams or RUs before encoding the information bits. Further explanation of encoding and mapping a single PSDU split across multiple spatial streams or RUs is provided herein, including with reference to Figures 3–7.

[0076] In the example of transmitting two or more PSDUs, the transmitter device 205 may generate multiple PSDUs at the MAC layer, each of which corresponds to a different MCS. Therefore, at the MAC layer, the transmitter device 205 may prepare multiple PSDUs such that different spatial streams or different RUs have approximately the same amount of symbols for transmission (e.g., distributing the amount of symbols across spatial streams or RUs). If the difference in the amount of symbols between multiple PSDUs is relatively large (e.g., the difference exceeds a threshold), the transmitter device 205 may use the MAC layer to include padding on the PSDUs with fewer symbols to reduce the difference in the amount of symbols between the PSDUs. At the PHY layer, the transmitter device 205 may perform separate encoding for each PSDU if different corresponding MCSs have different coding rates (e.g., PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220). In the example of different MCSs for each spatial stream, the transmitter device 205 may function as AP 105 to handle the case of multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). In an example of a different MCS per RU, the transmitter device 205 may function as AP 105 to handle the case of multi-user OFDMA. In one example, the station (STA) may function as an AP transmitting DL MU MIMO, or as an AP transmitting DL OFDMA in the case of a per-RU MCS. On the receiver side, the STA may function as an AP receiving UL MU MIMO in the case of a per-ss MCS, or as an AP receiving UL OFDMA in the case of a per-RU MCS. Further explanations of encoding and mapping multiple PSDUs across multiple spatial streams or RUs are provided herein, including with reference to Figures 8–10.

[0077] To support the decoding of PSDUs encoded using unequal MCSs across multiple spatial streams or RUs in a receiver device 210, the transmitter device 205 may transmit an MCS configuration message 215. For example, the MCS configuration message 215 may be an example of a PHY preamble included in the control signaling for PHY layer configuration. In some cases, the PHY preamble may include multiple signatures (SIGs), where SIGs may be examples of user information fields (UIFs). For example, in the ultra-high reliability (UHR) example, the PHY preamble may include a universal SIG (U-SIG), a UHR-SIG, and an ultra-high throughput (EHT) SIG (EHT-SIG), among other examples. Thus, the fields of the MCS configuration message 215 may support instructions for unequal MCSs to the receiver device 210. In some examples, the RU configuration may be carried in a common information field within the UHR-SIG, in a common information field within the EHT-SIG, or both. In some examples, a SIG field (e.g., an EHT-SIG field) may contain multiple parts. For example, EHT-SIG may contain a common field that can carry information for multiple users (e.g., information common across multiple receiver devices 210 communicating with a transmitter device 205). Furthermore, EHT-SIG may contain a USF that includes at least one UIF, where each UIF field within the USF contains information corresponding to a single user. For example, the USF may include a first UIF containing information corresponding to a first receiver device 210, and a second UIF containing information corresponding to a second receiver device 210.

[0078] In some examples, each MCS in an unequal MCS (e.g., for a spatial stream or RU) may be treated as a single user, such that each MCS has its own UIF. Thus, each UIF corresponding to an MCS associated with receiver device 210 may share the same user ID. That is, each UIF directed to receiver device 210 may contain instructions corresponding to the user ID associated with receiver device 210. In such examples, each UIF may contain common information (e.g., coding information, beamforming information, etc.). In some cases, the common information may be redundant across multiple UIFs. In the example of a single-user transmission (e.g., transmission from transmitter device 205 to receiver device 210), transmitter device 205 may transmit the MCS configuration message 215 according to a non-OFDMA multi-user transmission mode or an OFDMA transmission mode.

[0079] In some examples, instructions for multiple different MCSs per spatial stream or per RU may be included in a single USF of the MCS configuration message 215. That is, the PHY preamble may include a USF associated with the receiver device 210, and the USF includes instructions for each of the different MCSs associated with the spatial stream or RU used in the receiver device 210 to receive the PSDU.

[0080] In some cases, the transmitter device 205 may transmit the MCS configuration message 215 according to a dynamic size hierarchy to save overhead and maintain backward compatibility. For example, the hierarchy may include 1 or 2 bits to indicate whether different MCSs exist across spatial streams or RUs, or whether different MCSs are the same across spatial streams or RUs. For example, 1 or 2 bits could be an example of a UIF type field (e.g., contained within a common field of a U-SIG or UHR-SIG). If the UIF type field indicates different MCSs across spatial streams or RUs, each UIF corresponding to each MCS may be followed by an extended subfield indicating which spatial streams or RUs are associated with each MCS. In some other examples, the transmitter device 205 may transmit the MCS configuration message 215 according to a fixed size structure. In such examples, the USF may include an indication of the respective MCS for each spatial stream or each RU (e.g., even if multiple spatial streams or RUs share the same MCS).

[0081] In some examples of the MCS configuration message 215, the MCS field may contain entries for unequal QAMs across multiple spatial streams, where the same code rate may be used. In some examples, the MCS configuration message 215 may show unequal QAMs associated with multiple spatial streams in non-ascending order. Unequal QAMs associated with multiple spatial streams in non-ascending order may be an example of the QAM modulation order from the first spatial stream to the last spatial stream (e.g., the number of coded bits carried in each QAM symbol), which may correspond to a non-ascending order. BPSK (carrying one coded bit per BPSK symbol), QPSK (carrying two coded bits per QPSK symbol), 16QAM (carrying four coded bits per QAM symbol), 64QAM (carrying six coded bits per QAM symbol), 256QAM (carrying eight coded bits per QAM symbol), 1024QAM (carrying ten coded bits per QAM symbol), 4096QAM (carrying twelve coded bits per QAM symbol), and 4096QAM+ (carrying more than twelve coded bits per QAM symbol) are in QAM ascending order, and the reverse order of this sequence is QAM descending order. For example, a non-MU-MIMO UIF may include a field that combines an indicator of the quantity of spatial streams (e.g., an NSS field) and an MCS field to indicate multiple spatial streams in non-ascending order according to the associated unequal QAMs. As an addition or alternative, the NSS field may be separate from the MCS field, and the MCS field may contain additional bits to indicate multiple spatial streams associated with an unequal QAM. Such indication of an unequal QAM may be associated with any number of spatial streams.

[0082] In some examples, the MCS configuration message 215 may include an unequal QAM indicator subfield (e.g., a 1-bit subfield). The unequal QAM indicator subfield may be contained within the MCS field of the MCS configuration message 215, or within a separate field of the MCS configuration message 215. If the unequal QAM indicator subfield has a first value, the subfield may indicate that each of the spatial streams indicated in the MCS configuration message 215 is associated with an equal MCS, which may be indicated within the MCS subfield. If the unequal QAM indicator subfield has a second value, the subfield may indicate an unequal QAM across a set of spatial streams.

[0083] In some cases, when the subfield is of a second value, the set of bits in the MCS field can be reinterpreted by a table representing a set of unequal QAM combinations. For example, the MCS field (e.g., a 4-bit field) may contain 4 bits associated with 16 unequal QAM combinations, each representing a QAM for a set of spatial streams. For two spatial streams, the 4-bit MCS may represent a first entry in the table, indicating a code rate of 5 / 6 for each of the two spatial streams, 256QAM for the first spatial stream, and 64QAM for the second spatial stream. In some cases, the table associated with the 4 bits in the MCS field may represent unequal QAMs across any number of spatial streams. For example, a second entry in the table may represent a code rate of 5 / 6 across three spatial streams, 256QAM for the first spatial stream, 256QAM for the second spatial stream, and 64QAM for the third spatial stream.

[0084] In some examples, an unequal QAM indicator subfield being of a second value may indicate that each spatial stream may use a QAM relative to the QAM in the MCS field. In the example of two spatial streams, the unequal QAM indicator subfield may indicate that the first spatial stream (e.g., associated with the highest quality intrinsic channel of the set of spatial streams) uses the MCS indicated in the MCS field, and the second spatial stream uses the same code rate and a QAM that is one QAM level lower than the MCS of the first spatial stream. A QAM level one lower with respect to a QAM may mean the highest QAM lower than this QAM (e.g., the QAM that carries the largest number of coded bits among all QAMs that carry fewer coded bits than this QAM). For example, BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM are one QAM level lower than QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and 4096QAM, respectively. If the set of spatial streams consists of more than two spatial streams, the first stream may use the MCS indicated in the MCS field, while the other spatial streams may use the same code rate and the same level of QAM as the MCS, or one or two levels lower than the MCS. The QAM level indicated for each spatial stream may be based on the transmission scheme option used. Further examples of different transmission schemes are described herein, including with reference to Figure 3.

[0085] In some examples, an unequal QAM indicator subfield being a second value may indicate that each spatial stream may use a QAM relative to the QAM in the MCS field. In the example of two spatial streams, the unequal QAM indicator subfield may indicate that the first spatial stream (e.g., associated with the lowest quality intrinsic channel of the set of spatial streams) uses the MCS indicated in the MCS field, and the second spatial stream uses the same code rate and a QAM that is one QAM level higher than the MCS of the first spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may communicate according to the following QAMs, namely BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and 4096QAM, with associated QAM levels ordered from lowest to highest. One QAM level higher with respect to a QAM may mean the highest QAM above this QAM (e.g., the QAM that carries the smallest amount of coded bits among all QAMs that carry more coded bits than this QAM). For example, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and 4096QAM may each be one QAM level higher than BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM, respectively. If the set of spatial streams consists of more than two spatial streams, the first stream may use the MCS indicated in the MCS field, while the other spatial streams may use the same code rate and a QAM one or two levels higher than the MCS. The QAM level indicated for each spatial stream may be based on the transmission scheme option used. Further examples of different transmission schemes are described herein, including with reference to Figure 3.

[0086] In some cases, the transmitter device 205 can configure the amount of bits included in each UIF. In some examples, each UIF in the SIG field may include 4 bits indicating the spatial stream and 4 bits for the MCS corresponding to the spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 can configure a flexible bit amount option that allows any combination of the amount of stream and the amount of MCS (e.g., Nss × Nmcs), or any combination of the amount of RU and the amount of MCS (e.g., Nru × Nmcs).

[0087] In some cases, the transmitter device 205 may configure the amount of bits according to a compressed solution (e.g., a limited set of MCS combinations allowed for a given spatial stream). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use the same or similar code rates and QAM for each MCS in non-ascending order, and the step size between adjacent MCS may be 5-6 dB. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may order the spatial stream according to the non-ascending order of the corresponding MCS coding rates. In such examples, the transmitter device 205 may reduce the amount of bits by indicating the difference MCS relative to the previous MCS in the field. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may group the spatial stream into spatial stream subsets, each spatial stream subset corresponding to a different MCS. In such examples, the transmitter device 205 may signal the group size or amount of groups to the receiver device 210. In such examples, the transmitter device 205 may configure two to four different subsets of the spatial stream corresponding to two to four different MCSs.

[0088] In some examples, the UHR-SIG code block size may be increased relative to the EHT-SIG code block size to accommodate the increase in bits contained in each UIF. The EHT-SIG code block structure may use one code block to encode the common field and the first UIF or two UIFs. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may determine that the EHT-SIG code block size is below a bit threshold (e.g., 64 bits or less, including a 4-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and a 6-bit tail). Therefore, if the increase in bits per UIF is large (e.g., greater than 5 bits), the transmitter device 205 may encode each field of a UHR-SIG different from the EHT-SIG. For example, the transmitter device 205 may encode the common field and the first UIF separately (e.g., using one code block for the common field and one code block for the first UIF). Alternatively, the transmitter device 205 may encode the fields of the UHR-SIG using a fixed code block size (e.g., 64 bits including a 4-bit CRC and a 6-bit tail) for the common field and the entire UIF field stream coding.

[0089] In the example of a single user transmission, the transmitter device 205 may increase the size of each UIF contained within the U-SIG. In the example of EHT, signaling for a single user transmission may be based on the length of the EHT-SIG. Increasing the size per UIF in a single user transmission may increase the number of UHR-SIG symbols, and the combination of the amount of UHR-SIG and the UHR-SIG MCS may increase to indicate a single user transmission. As an addition or alternative, the transmitter device 205 may include a compressed mode within the U-SIG, including one bit or one separate state in the PHY Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to signal a single user transmission.

[0090] Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 according to the MCS spatial stream or RU configuration indicated in the MCS configuration message 215. Thus, the transmitter device may proceed in the PSDU transmission 225 to transmit one or more prepared PSDUs (for example, using the PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220). The receiver device 210 may receive the PSDU transmission 225 and decode one or more PSDUs using the MCS information given in the MCS configuration message 215.

[0091] Figure 3 shows an example of a single PSDU coding procedure 300 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the single PSDU coding procedure 300 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200, or may be implemented by those aspects. For example, the single PSDU coding procedure 300 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0092] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 can generate a single PSDU at the MAC layer. The generated single PSDU can then be encoded at the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the single PSDU encoding procedure 300 can correspond to the same code rate and different modulations across each MCS associated with each spatial stream. The transmitter device 205 can apply the single PSDU encoding procedure 300 to each stream-by-stream MCS for beamformed transmission across the entire bandwidth.

[0093] Based on each MCS having the same code rate, the transmitter device 205 may first encode the bits of a single PSDU and then split the encoded bits of the single PSDU into different spatial streams. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits according to encoding procedure 305. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform forward error correction (FEC) PHY padding (e.g., padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in the single PSDU satisfies a pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use a scrambler (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). Based on performing scrambling, the transmitter device 205 may perform encoding on the PSDU. Figure 3 shows the use of low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 3 may use other forms of encoding, such as binary convolutional code (BCC), among other examples. Based on the encoding, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding (for example, padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in a single PSDU satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold). As illustrated with reference to Figure 3, the transmitter device 205 may encode bits of a single PSDU before splitting bits across a set of spatial streams based on different MCSs corresponding to each spatial stream having the same coding rate.

[0094] Based on performing the encoding procedure 305, the transmitter device 205 may use the proportional stream parser 310 to divide the encoded bits of a single PSDU into subsets of bits. For example, the proportional stream parser 310 may parse the encoded bits into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each spatial stream. In some cases, the amount of bits in a given subset of bits may be proportional to the modulation size of the MCS corresponding to the spatial stream to which the given subset of bits is assigned.

[0095] As shown in Figure 3, each spatial stream can be associated with its respective constellation mapper 315 (e.g., constellation mappers 315-a, 315-b, and 315-n). Each constellation mapper 315 can map a subset of the bits parsed into its associated spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS. Thus, each constellation mapper 315 can be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples). Although Figure 3 shows three constellation mappers 315 corresponding to three spatial streams, it is understood that the transmitter device 205 can use the PHY layer to parse bits from a single PSDU into any amount of spatial stream associated with any amount of MCS.

[0096] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper 315, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 320. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using the respective tone mapper associated with each spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 3 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 3 may use other forms of interleaving, such as BCC interleaving, among other examples. Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may apply its respective cyclic shift diversity (CSD) to one or more of the spatial streams. CSD may be used to apply a cyclic delay to each of the spatial streams to increase channel frequency diversity and reduce correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0097] In some examples in Figure 3, the transmitter device 205 may operate according to two spatial streams. For example, the transmitter device 205 may be associated with a rank 2 MIMO channel configuration, and each intrinsic channel decomposed from the rank 2 MIMO channel is associated with its respective spatial stream.

[0098] In some examples, each of two spatial streams may be associated with a specific intrinsic channel that can be associated with its respective SNR value. For example, the first intrinsic channel for the first spatial stream may be associated with a first SNR value (e.g., SNR1), and the second intrinsic channel for the second spatial stream may be associated with a second SNR value (e.g., SNR2). In some examples, the SNR values ​​associated with a given intrinsic channel (e.g., SNR1 and SNR2) may be the average SNR value of a given intrinsic channel across all subcarriers in an assigned RU or multiple MRUs assigned to the user. Furthermore, the transmitter device 205 may order the spatial streams in non-ascending order of SNR values ​​(e.g., SNR1 ≥ SNR2).

[0099] In some examples, using rank 2 MIMO channels, the transmitter device 205 may determine the difference in channel quality between a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream. For example, the transmitter device 205 may calculate the SNR gap as the difference between the first SNR of the first spatial stream and the second SNR of the second spatial stream (e.g., SNR1 - SNR2).

[0100] In some examples of a two-spatial-stream configuration, the first and second spatial streams may be associated with different (e.g., unequal) QAMs. For example, the first spatial stream may be associated with a first QAM (e.g., QAM1), and the second spatial stream may be associated with a second QAM (e.g., QAM2). In some examples, the first spatial stream may be associated with a higher-order QAM compared to the second spatial stream. For example, the transmitter device 205 may be able to transmit a PSDU using several different types of QAMs, where a given type of QAM is associated with a QAM level. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may communicate according to the following QAMs, namely BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, and 4096QAM, which have associated QAM levels ordered from lowest to highest. That is, 4096QAM may be one QAM level higher than 1024QAM, and so on. In some cases, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be associated with a higher QAM level than the second QAM associated with the second spatial stream (e.g., QAM1 > QAM2). In some cases, QAM2 may be one QAM level lower than QAM1 (e.g., QAM1=QPSK, QAM2=BPSK, or QAM1=256QAM, QAM2=64QAM). In some cases, QAM2 may be two QAM levels lower than QAM1 (e.g., QAM1=16QAM, QAM2=BPSK, or QAM1=256QAM, QAM2=16QAM). In some cases, QAM2 may be three QAM levels lower than QAM1 (e.g., QAM1=64QAM, QAM2=BPSK, or QAM1=1024QAM, QAM2=16QAM).

[0101] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may determine whether to transmit a PSDU using a single spatial stream configuration or using a two-spatial stream configuration. For example, a single spatial stream configuration may be associated with a higher throughput that may use a higher MCS compared to a two-spatial stream configuration. Thus, the transmitter device 205 may determine between a single spatial stream configuration and a two-spatial stream configuration according to the techniques described herein.

[0102] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may determine between a single spatial stream configuration and a two-spatial stream configuration based on a channel SNR value (e.g., channel SNR). In some cases, the channel SNR value may be an example of a channel long-term SNR value associated with one or more channels of the transmitter device 205 over a configured first duration. In some cases, the channel SNR value may be an example of a channel short-term SNR value associated with one or more channels of the transmitter device 205 over a configured second duration (e.g., where the second duration is shorter than the first duration). Thus, the transmitter device 205 may compare the channel SNR value to one or more thresholds to determine whether to use a single spatial stream configuration or a two-spatial stream configuration to transmit the PSDU. For example, if the channel long-term SNR value is lower than a first long-term SNR threshold (e.g., channel SNR < LT_SNR_1) or the channel short-term SNR value is lower than a first short-term SNR threshold (e.g., channel SNR < ST_SNR_1), the transmitter device 205 may use a single spatial stream configuration to transmit the PSDU.

[0103] In some other examples, the channel SNR value can be between two thresholds. For example, the channel long-term SNR value can be between two long-term SNR thresholds (e.g., LT_SNR_1 ≤ channel SNR < LT_SNR_2), or the channel short-term SNR value can be between two short-term SNR thresholds (e.g., ST_SNR_1 ≤ channel SNR < ST_SNR_2). In such examples, the transmitter device 205 can further determine which spatial stream configuration based on the SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream. If the SNR gap value is below the first SNR gap threshold (e.g., SNR_gap ≤ Threshold_1), the transmitter device 205 can use a two-spatial stream configuration having equal QAM for the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream (e.g., both spatial streams use the same MCS with the same code rate and the same QAM). If the SNR gap value is between the first SNR gap threshold and the second SNR gap threshold (e.g., Threshold_1 < SNR_gap ≤ Threshold_2), the transmitter device 205 can use a two-spatial stream configuration where the first spatial stream uses the first QAM and the second spatial stream uses a second QAM different from the first QAM. If the SNR gap value is greater than the first and second SNR gap thresholds (e.g., Threshold_2 < SNR_gap), the transmitter device 205 can use a single spatial stream configuration. In some cases, when the channel SNR value is between two thresholds (e.g., the channel long-term SNR value is between two long-term SNR thresholds or the channel short-term SNR value is between two short-term SNR thresholds), for any SNR gap value, the transmitter device 205 can use a two-spatial stream configuration using unequal QAM between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream.

[0104] In some other examples, if the channel SNR value exceeds a second long-term SNR value (e.g., LT_SNR_2 < channel SNR) or a second short-term SNR value (e.g., ST_SNR_2 < channel SNR), the transmitter device 205 may use two spatial stream configurations with equal QAM for the first and second spatial streams. In such other examples, the transmitter device 205 may transmit PSDUs according to the case of SNR saturation, and both streams may use the best MCS from the set of MCS configured in the transmitter device 205.

[0105] If the transmitter device 205 decides to use a two-spatial-stream configuration with unequal QAM between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream, the transmitter device 205 may perform a rate adaptation procedure to determine the code rate and QAM associated with each spatial stream.

[0106] For example, transmitter device 205 may determine that QAM2 is one QAM level lower than QAM1. Therefore, transmitter device 205 may operate according to a rate-adaptive scheme based on equal QAM MCS tables or PHY abstraction functions. For example, transmitter device 205 may determine (e.g., calculate) the effective SNR value of a first spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,1) and the effective SNR value of a second spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,2), respectively. Based on the effective SNR values ​​of the two spatial streams, transmitter device 205 may determine an average SNR associated with the two spatial streams, which may be an example of a capacity average (e.g., SNR_cap_avg). For example, transmitter device 205 may calculate the capacity average according to Equation 1:

[0107]

number

[0108] Based on solving Equation 1 for the capacitance average, the transmitter device 205 may compare the capacitance average to a QAM MCS table (e.g., an MCS table of threshold SNRs for each MCS assuming equal MCS for two spatial streams) or a PHY abstraction function to determine the MCS for a first spatial stream. For example, the determined MCS may have a first code rate and QAM. Thus, the first spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM1 for the first spatial stream may be equal to the QAM of the MCS. Furthermore, the second spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be equal to a QAM one level lower than QAM1 (e.g., if QAM1=QPSK, then QAM2=BPSK). If Equation 1 is adjusted so that QAM2 is two QAM levels lower than QAM1, then the second spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be two QAM levels lower than QAM1.

[0109] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may operate according to more than two spatial streams (e.g., a spatial stream configuration of N). For example, in a rank N MIMO channel, the N intrinsic channels may be associated with their respective SNR values ​​in a non-ascending order. That is, the i-th intrinsic channel may be associated with the i-th SNR value (e.g., SNR_i), where SNR_i may be the average SNR value of the i-th intrinsic channel averaged across all subcarriers of the RU or MRU assigned to the user. Based on the fact that the N intrinsic channels are ordered according to a non-ascending order of SNR values, the j-th intrinsic channel may be ordered after the i-th intrinsic channel based on the fact that the j-th SNR value (e.g., SNR_j) is less than or equal to the SNR value of the i-th intrinsic channel (e.g., SNR_i ≥ SNR_j). Furthermore, for N spatial streams, the transmitter device 205 can determine N-1 SNR gap values ​​between the N spatial streams (for example, N-1 SNR gaps between adjacent spatial streams SNR1-SNR2, SNR2-SNR3, ..., SNR(N-1)-SNR(N), or N-1 SNR gaps between a first spatial stream and other streams, i.e., SNR1-SNR2, SNR1-SNR3, ..., SNR1-SNR(N)).

[0110] The technique described herein may describe a transmitter device 205 that uses up to four unique channels (e.g., four spatial streams) to transmit a single PSDU. However, it should be understood that this technique may be modified so that the transmitter device 205 uses any number of spatial streams to transmit a single PSDU.

[0111] In some cases, using a rank 4 MIMO channel, the transmitter device 205 may operate according to three spatial streams. In some examples, the three spatial streams may be associated with equal MCS (e.g., equal QAM). In some examples, the three spatial streams may be associated with unequal QAMs. For example, all spatial streams may use the same code rate, and the first and second spatial streams may be associated with a first QAM (e.g., QAM1), while the third spatial stream may be associated with a second QAM (e.g., QAM2) that is one QAM level lower than QAM1.

[0112] In the case of unequal QAM across three spatial streams, the transmitter device 205 may perform a rate adaptation procedure to determine the code rate and QAM level associated with the three spatial streams. For example, the transmitter device 205 may determine (e.g., calculate) the effective SNR values ​​of the first spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,1), the second spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,2), and the third spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,3). According to the effective SNR values ​​of the three spatial streams, the transmitter device 205 may determine the average SNR or capacity average (e.g., SNR_cap_avg). For example, the transmitter may calculate the capacity average according to Equation 2:

[0113]

number

[0114] Based on solving Equation 2 for the capacitance average, the transmitter device 205 may compare the capacitance average to a QAM MCS table (e.g., an MCS table of threshold SNRs for each MCS assuming equal MCS for three streams) or a PHY abstraction function to determine the MCS for the first and second spatial streams. For example, the determined MCS may have a first code rate and QAM. Thus, the first and second spatial streams may use the first code rate, and QAM1 for the first and second spatial streams may be equal to the QAM of the MCS. Furthermore, the third spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be equal to a QAM one level lower than QAM1. If Equation 2 is adjusted so that QAM2 is two QAM levels lower than QAM1, then the third spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be two QAM levels lower than QAM1.

[0115] In other cases, the transmitter device 205 may operate according to four spatial streams. In some examples, the first, second, and third spatial streams may use the same QAM (e.g., QAM1), and the fourth QAM may use a second QAM (e.g., QAM2) that is two QAM levels lower than QAM1. In such examples, the transmitter device 205 may perform a rate adaptation procedure to determine the code rates and QAM levels associated with the four spatial streams. For example, the transmitter device 205 may determine (e.g., calculate) the effective SNR values ​​for the first spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,1), the second spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,2), the third spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,3), and the fourth spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,4), respectively. According to the effective SNR values ​​of the four spatial streams, the transmitter device 205 may determine the average SNR or capacity average (e.g., SNR_cap_avg). For example, the transmitter device 205 can calculate the capacitance average according to Equation 3:

[0116]

number

[0117] Based on solving Equation 3 for the capacitance average, the transmitter device 205 may compare the capacitance average to a QAM MCS stable function (e.g., an MCS table of threshold SNRs for each MCS assuming equal MCS for the four spatial streams) or a PHY abstraction function to determine the MCS for the first, second, and third spatial streams. For example, the determined MCS may have a first code rate and QAM. Thus, the first, second, and third spatial streams may use the first code rate, and QAM1 for the first, second, and third spatial streams may be equal to the QAM of the MCS. Furthermore, the fourth spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be equal to a QAM that is two QAM levels lower than QAM1. If Equation 3 is adjusted so that QAM2 is one QAM level lower than QAM1, then the fourth spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be one QAM level lower than QAM1.

[0118] In some other examples of four spatial streams, the first and second spatial streams may use the same QAM (e.g., QAM1), the third spatial stream may use a second QAM (e.g., QAM2) that is one QAM level lower than QAM1, and the fourth QAM may use a third QAM (e.g., QAM3) that is two QAM levels lower than QAM1 (e.g., QAM1=256QAM, QAM2=64QAM, and QAM3=16QAM).

[0119] In such an example, the transmitter device 205 may perform a rate adaptation procedure to determine the code rate and QAM level associated with the four spatial streams. For example, the transmitter device 205 may determine (e.g., calculate) the effective SNR values ​​of the first spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,1), the second spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,2), the third spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,3), and the fourth spatial stream (e.g., SNR_eff,4). According to the effective SNR values ​​of the four spatial streams, the transmitter device 205 may determine the average SNR or capacity average (e.g., SNR_cap_avg). For example, the transmitter device 205 may calculate the capacity average according to Equation 4:

[0120]

number

[0121] Based on solving Equation 4 for the capacitance average, the transmitter device 205 may compare the capacitance average to a QAM MCS stable function (e.g., an MCS table of threshold SNRs for each MCS assuming equal MCS for four spatial streams) or a PHY abstraction function to determine the MCS for the first and second spatial streams. For example, the MCS may have a first code rate and a QAM. Thus, the first and second spatial streams may use the first code rate, and QAM1 for the first and second spatial streams may be equal to the QAM of the MCS. Furthermore, the third spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM2 may be equal to a QAM that is one QAM level lower than QAM1. Furthermore, the fourth spatial stream may use the first code rate, and QAM3 may be equal to a QAM that is two QAM levels lower than QAM1. If Equation 4 is adjusted so that QAM3 is one QAM level lower than QAM1, then the fourth spatial stream may use the first code rate and QAM3 may be one QAM level lower than QAM1.

[0122] In some cases, the SNR value of one or more channels may be low (e.g., below the SNR threshold). In such cases, the transmitter device 205 may use one or two spatial streams. Furthermore, the transmitter device may request feedback for one or both spatial streams. In some cases, the SNR value of one or more channels may be within the normal to high SNR range (e.g., above the SNR threshold). Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may decide whether to use three spatial streams or four spatial streams to transmit a single PSDU. For example, three spatial streams with equal MCS (e.g., 75% load) may have higher throughput performance compared to four spatial streams with equal MCS (e.g., 100% load). Furthermore, four spatial streams with unequal QAM may include a first three spatial streams associated with MCS saturation and a fourth stream that can increase the throughput gain relative to the three spatial streams. Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may decide how many spatial streams to use based on the relevant throughput performance.

[0123] Figure 4 shows an example of a single PSDU coding procedure 400 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the single PSDU coding procedure 400 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the single PSDU coding procedure 400 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0124] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 can generate a single PSDU at the MAC layer. Therefore, the generated single PSDU can be encoded at the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the single PSDU encoding procedure 400 can accommodate cases where each MCS corresponds to a different spatial stream, and consequently, each MCS has a different code rate. The transmitter device 205 can apply the single PSDU encoding procedure 400 to per-stream MCS for beamformed transmission across the entire bandwidth.

[0125] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may perform the initial PSDU preparation procedure 405 using the PHY layer. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in a single PSDU satisfies a pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use a scrambler (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain).

[0126] Based on each MCS having a different code rate, the transmitter device 205 may separate the encoding for the different code rates of each MCS. For example, the transmitter device 205 may use a proportional encoder parser 410 to parse the bits of a single PSDU into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each spatial stream. In some examples, the proportional encoder parser 410 may determine the amount of bits for a given subset of bits based on the coding rate and modulation size of the MCS corresponding to the spatial stream to which a given subset of bits is assigned. Figure 4 shows three spatial streams, but it should be understood that the transmitter device 205 may use a PHY layer to parse the bits of a single PSDU into any amount of spatial stream associated with any amount of MCS. In some cases, the amount of encoder may depend on the amount of MCS or the different code rates in the assigned MCS. Furthermore, Figure 4 shows the case where the amounts of encoder, spatial stream, and MCS are equal, and therefore a stream parser may not be required. The case where the amount of encoder is less than the amount of spatial stream is described herein with reference to Figure 5.

[0127] Based on parsing a single PSDU into separate subsets of bits, the transmitter device 205 may encode each subset of bits according to encoding procedure 415. For example, each subset of bits may be encoded using its respective encoder associated with the MCS for the corresponding spatial stream. Figure 4 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 4 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on performing separate encoding for each subset of bits, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding (for example, padding each subset of bits with additional bits so that the amount of bits for each of the subsets of bits satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold).

[0128] As shown in Figure 4, each spatial stream can be associated with a respective constellation mapper 420 (e.g., constellation mappers 420-a, 420-b, and 420-n). Each constellation mapper 420 can map a subset of the bits parsed from the associated spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS. Thus, each constellation mapper 420 can be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples).

[0129] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper 420, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 425. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using each tone mapper associated with each spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 4 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 4 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may apply each CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. CSDs may be used to apply cyclic delays to each of the spatial streams to increase channel frequency diversity and reduce correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0130] Figure 5 shows an example of a single PSDU coding procedure 500 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the single PSDU coding procedure 500 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200, or may be implemented by those aspects. For example, the single PSDU coding procedure 500 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0131] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 can generate a single PSDU at the MAC layer. The generated single PSDU can then be encoded at the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the single PSDU encoding procedure 500 can accommodate cases where each MCS corresponds to a different spatial stream, and consequently, at least one of the MCSs has a different code rate. That is, one or more MCSs may share the same code rate, while at least one other MCS has a different code rate. The transmitter device 205 can apply the single PSDU encoding procedure 500 to per-stream MCSs for beamformed transmission across the entire bandwidth.

[0132] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may execute an initial PSDU preparation procedure 505 using the PHY layer. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding a single PSDU with additional bits such that the amount of bits of a single PSDU meets a pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use a scrambler (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). In some examples, when the amount of encoders is less than the amount of spatial streams (e.g., Nencoder < Nss), a stream parser may be used to separate encoded bits into different streams. In some examples, some of the streams may have the same code rate and may be jointly encoded together.

[0133] Based on one or more of each MCS having a different code rate, the transmitter device 205 may separate encoding for the different code rates of each MCS. For example, the transmitter device 205 may use a proportional encoder parser 510 to parse the bits of a single PSDU into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each code rate. That is, a first encoder may correspond to one or more MCSs sharing a first code rate, and a second encoder may correspond to one or more MCSs sharing a second code rate.

[0134] In some examples, the proportional encoder parser 510 may determine the amount of bits for a given subset of bits based on the shared code rate and one or more modulation sizes of one or more MCSs corresponding to a given encoder.

[0135] Based on parsing a single PSDU into separate subsets of bits, the transmitter device 205 may encode each subset of bits according to encoding procedure 515. For example, each subset of bits may be encoded using its own encoder. Thus, each encoder may be based on a shared encoding rate corresponding to one or more MCSs associated with the encoder. Figure 5 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 5 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on performing separate encoding for each subset of bits, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding (for example, padding each subset of bits with additional bits so that the amount of bits for each of the subsets of bits satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold).

[0136] For encoders associated with multiple MCSs sharing the same coding rate, the transmitter device 205 may use the proportional stream parser 520 to further parse each subset of bits into each subset of bits corresponding to each of the MCSs among the multiple MCSs. For example, as shown in Figure 5, an encoder may be associated with two MCSs sharing the same coding rate. Thus, a subset of bits encoded using the encoder may be divided (e.g., via the proportional stream parser 520) into a first subset of bits corresponding to the first MCS of the two MCSs, and a second subset of bits corresponding to the second MCS of the two MCSs. In such an example, the amount of bits in each subset may be based on the modulation size of the corresponding MCS. For encoders associated with a single encoder, as shown in Figure 5, the transmitter device 205 may refrain from using the proportional stream parser 520.

[0137] As shown in Figure 5, each spatial stream can be associated with a respective constellation mapper 525 (e.g., constellation mappers 525-a, 525-b, and 525-n). Each constellation mapper 525 can map a subset of the bits parsed from the associated spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS. Thus, each constellation mapper 525 can be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples).

[0138] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper 525, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 530. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using each tone mapper associated with each spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 5 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 5 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may apply each CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. CSDs may be used to apply cyclic delays to each of the spatial streams to increase channel frequency diversity and reduce correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0139] Figure 6 shows an example of a single PSDU coding procedure 600 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the single PSDU coding procedure 600 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200, or may be implemented by those aspects. For example, the single PSDU coding procedure 600 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0140] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 may generate a single PSDU at the MAC layer. Thus, the generated single PSDU can be encoded at the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the single PSDU encoding procedure 600 may correspond to the same code rate and different modulations across the respective MCS associated with each RU. For example, the process in Figure 6 may represent two RUs, where RU1 is associated with a first MCS and RU2 is associated with a second MCS. Thus, the first and second MCSs may share the same code rate and have different modulations. In some examples, RU1 and RU2 may be part of an MRU. For example, the process in Figure 6 may provide a per-RU MCS for OL OFDMA transmission with MRU assignment, and in joint encoding with the same code rate but different modulations, a proportional RU parser may be used to parse the encoded bits to each RU in the MRU in proportion to the product of the RU size and the modulation size.

[0141] Based on each MCS having the same code rate, the transmitter device 205 may first encode the bits of a single PSDU and then divide the encoded bits of the single PSDU into different RUs. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits according to encoding procedure 605. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in the single PSDU satisfies the pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use a scrambler (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). Based on performing scrambling, the transmitter device 205 may perform encoding on the PSDU. Figure 6 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 6 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on the encoding, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding (for example, padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in the single PSDU satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold). As illustrated with reference to Figure 6, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of a single PSDU before splitting the bits across RU1 and RU2.

[0142] Based on performing coding procedure 605, the transmitter device 205 may use the proportional RU parser 610 to divide the coded bits of a single PSDU into subsets of bits. For example, the proportional RU parser 610 may parse the coded bits into subsets of bits corresponding to each RU. In some cases, the amount of bits in a given subset of bits may be proportional to the product of the modulation size of the corresponding MCS and the size of the RU to which the given subset of bits is assigned. Figure 6 shows parsing the coded bits of a single PSDU into two RUs, but it should be understood that coded bits can be parsed into subsets of bits of any amount corresponding to any amount of RUs.

[0143] Therefore, the transmitter device 205 may perform a stream mapping procedure 615 for each of the subsets of bits corresponding to each RU. For example, each stream parser may parse a subset of bits into a subset of bits corresponding to the spatial stream associated with the corresponding RU. As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, each of the spatial streams associated with a given RU may have the same MCS. Furthermore, the amount of bits in a given subset of bits may be proportional to the modulation size of the MCS corresponding to the RU, and the encoded bits may be parsed into each spatial stream via a round-robin procedure. Furthermore, each spatial stream may be associated with a constellation mapper. For example, each constellation mapper may map the subsets of bits parsed into the associated spatial stream to the respective constellation sizes associated with the corresponding MCS for the associated RU. Thus, each constellation mapper may be based on the modulation type for the MCS corresponding to the RU (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples). It is understood that each RU can be associated with any number of special streams corresponding to any number of constellation mappers.

[0144] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper 620, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using each tone mapper 620 (tone mappers 620-a, 620-b, 620-c, and 620-d) associated with the RU size. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper 620 to sort a stream of constellation points to obtain a corresponding spatial stream. Figure 6 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 6 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Furthermore, the tone mapper 620 may operate within each RU rather than within the MRU to isolate a given modulation scheme assigned to each RU of the MRU.

[0145] Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 625. For example, the transmitter device 205 may apply each CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. The CSD may be used to apply a cyclic delay to each of the spatial streams in order to increase channel frequency diversity and reduce the correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0146] Figure 7 shows an example of a single PSDU coding procedure 700 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the single PSDU coding procedure 700 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200, or may be implemented by those aspects. For example, the single PSDU coding procedure 700 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0147] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 may generate a single PSDU at the MAC layer. The generated single PSDU can then be encoded at the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the single PSDU encoding procedure 700 may correspond to a case where each RU of an MRU is associated with a separate MCS having a different code rate. For example, the process in Figure 7 may show two RUs, where RU1 is associated with a first MCS and RU2 is associated with a second MCS. Thus, the first and second MCSs may have different code rates. In some examples, RU1 and RU2 may be part of an MRU. For example, the process in Figure 7 may provide a per-RU MCS for OL OFDMA transmission using MRU assignment, where separate encoding for different code rates in the assigned MCS uses a proportional encoder parser to parse the information bits for each RU in proportion to the product of the MCS and the RU size.

[0148] In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may perform the initial PSDU preparation procedure 705 using the PHY layer. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding a single PSDU with additional bits so that the amount of bits in a single PSDU satisfies a pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use a scrambler (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain).

[0149] Based on the respective MCS for each RU having a different code rate, the transmitter device 205 may separate the encoding for each RU. For example, the transmitter device 205 may use a proportional encoder parser 710 to parse the bits of a single PSDU into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each RU. In some examples, the proportional encoder parser 710 may determine the amount of bits as the product of the modulation size of the corresponding MCS and the size of the RU to which a given subset of bits is assigned.

[0150] Based on parsing a single PSDU into each subset of bits, the transmitter device 205 may encode each subset of bits according to encoding procedure 715. For example, each subset of bits may be encoded using its respective encoder associated with the MCS for the corresponding RU. Figure 7 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 7 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on performing each encoding for each subset of bits, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding (for example, padding each subset of bits with additional bits so that the amount of bits for each of each subset of bits satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold).

[0151] Therefore, the transmitter device 205 can perform stream mapping for each of the subsets of bits corresponding to each RU. For example, each RU may be associated with a stream parser that can parse a subset of bits into a subset of bits corresponding to the spatial stream associated with the corresponding RU. As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, each of the spatial streams associated with a given RU may have the same MCS. Furthermore, the amount of bits in a given subset of bits may be proportional to the modulation size of the MCS corresponding to the RU, and the encoded bits are parsed into each spatial stream in a round-robin manner. Furthermore, each spatial stream may be associated with a constellation mapper. For example, each constellation mapper may map a subset of bits parsed into its associated spatial stream to its respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS for the associated RU. Thus, each constellation mapper may be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples). It is understood that each RU can be associated with any amount of spatial streams corresponding to any amount of constellation mappers.

[0152] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using each tone mapper 720 associated with each spatial stream (tone mappers 720-a, 720-b, 720-c, and 720-d). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper 720 to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 7 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 7 may use other forms of interleavers, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Furthermore, the tone mapper 720 may operate within each RU rather than within the MRU to isolate a given modulation scheme assigned to each RU of the MRU (for example, to keep each QAM within its assigned RU).

[0153] Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 725. For example, the transmitter device 205 may apply each CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. CSDs may be used to apply cyclic delays to each of the spatial streams in order to increase frequency diversity and reduce correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0154] Figure 8 shows an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure 800 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 800 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 800 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0155] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 may generate two or more PSDUs 805 in the MAC layer. As shown in Figure 8, the transmitter device 205 may generate PSDUs 805-a, 805-b, and 805-n. Thus, the generated PSDUs 805 can be encoded in the PHY layer. The process in Figure 8 can be used for per-stream MCS for beamformed transmission across the entire bandwidth. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the multi-PSDU encoding procedure 800 may be such that each PSDU 805 corresponds to its respective spatial stream and its respective MCS, and the transmitter device 205 may process each stream separately. Although Figure 8 shows three PSDUs 805, it should be understood that the transmitter device 205 can generate any number of PSDUs 805 simultaneously in the MAC layer. In some examples, each PSDU corresponds to a single stream and a single MCS, and the amounts of PSDUs, streams, and encoders are equal, and therefore each stream is processed separately, and a stream parser may be omitted.

[0156] Based on the fact that each PSDU 805 corresponds to its own spatial stream, the transmitter device 205 may refrain from parsing the bits of a given PSDU 805 into multiple subsets of bits. Thus, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of each PSDU 805 according to encoding procedure 810. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding each PSDU 805 with an additional bit of each such bit so that the amount of bits in each PSDU 805 satisfies the pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use scrambling for each PSDU 805 (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). Based on performing scrambling, the transmitter device 205 may perform encoding for each PSDU 805. For example, each encoding may correspond to an MCS associated with a given spatial stream. Figure 8 illustrates the use of LDPC coding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 8 can use other forms of coding, such as BCC, as in other examples. Based on the coding, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding for each PSDU 805 (for example, padding each PSDU 805 with an additional bit so that the amount of bits for each PSDU 805 satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may code the bits of each PSDU 805 simultaneously.

[0157] As shown in Figure 8, each spatial stream can be associated with its respective constellation mapper 815 (e.g., constellation mappers 815-a, 815-b, and 815-n). Each constellation mapper 815 can map the bits of the PSDU 805 for a given spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS. Thus, each constellation mapper 815 can be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples).

[0158] Based on mapping the bits of each PSDU 805 using their respective constellation mappers 815, the transmitter device 205 may perform a PSDU termination procedure 820. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using the respective tone mappers associated with each spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 8 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 8 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may apply a CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. A CSD may be used to apply a cyclic delay to each of the spatial streams to increase frequency diversity and reduce the correlation between transmissions of PSDU 805 on each spatial stream.

[0159] Figure 9 shows an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure 900 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 900 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 900 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0160] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 may generate two or more PSDU 905s in the MAC layer. As shown in Figure 9, the transmitter device 205 may generate PSDU 905-a and 905-b. Thus, the generated PSDU 905s can be encoded in the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the multi-PSDU encoding procedure 900 may be such that MCSs having the same code rate share the same PSDU 905. For example, as shown in Figure 9, PSDU 905-b may be associated with two or more MCSs that share the same code rate but different modulations. Based on two or more MCSs sharing the same code rate, the bits of PSDU 905-b may be encoded using one encoder, which can reduce the amount of encoders used. Although Figure 9 shows two PSDU 905s, it should be understood that the transmitter device 205 may generate any number of PSDU 905s simultaneously in the MAC layer. In some examples, the process shown in Figure 9 can be used for per-stream MCS for full-bandwidth beamforming transmissions.

[0161] Based on each PSDU 905 corresponding to one or more MCSs of the same code rate, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of each PSDU 905 according to the encoding procedure 910. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding each PSDU 905 with an additional bit of each such bit so that the amount of bits in each PSDU 905 satisfies the pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use scrambling for each PSDU 905 (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). Based on performing scrambling, the transmitter device 205 may perform respective encoding for each PSDU 905. For example, each encoding may correspond to an MCS associated with a given spatial stream. Figure 9 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 9 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on the encoding process, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding for each PSDU 905 (for example, padding each PSDU 905 with an additional bit so that the amount of bits for each PSDU 905 satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of each PSDU 905 simultaneously.

[0162] Based on the fact that PSDU 905-b is associated with multiple MCSs, the transmitter device 205 may separate the bits of PSDU 905-b into subsets of bits. For example, the proportional stream parser 915 may parse the bits of PSDU 905-a into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each of the multiple MCSs associated with PSDU 905-b. In such an example, the amount of bits in each subset of bits may be based on the modulation size of the corresponding MCS. Thus, the bits of PSDU 905-b can be divided into respective subsets of bits corresponding to each spatial stream. Figure 9 shows that PSDU 905-b is divided into two subsets of bits, but it is understood that the proportional stream parser can divide a given PSDU 905 into subsets of bits of any amount corresponding to any amount of spatial streams. In some examples, to reduce the number of encoders (N_encoder), one or more MCSs with the same coding rate may share one PSDU and one encoder, and the stream parser 915 is used to split bits among multiple constellation mappers.

[0163] As shown in Figure 9, each spatial stream can be associated with its respective constellation mapper 920 (e.g., constellation mappers 920-a, 920-b, and 920-n). Each constellation mapper 920 can map the bits of the PSDU 905 for a given spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS. Thus, each constellation mapper 920 can be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples).

[0164] Based on mapping the bits of each PSDU 905 using their respective constellation mappers 920, the transmitter device 205 may perform a PSDU termination procedure 925. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using the respective tone mappers associated with each spatial stream. In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 9 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 9 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may apply a CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. A CSD may be used to apply a cyclic delay to each of the spatial streams to increase frequency diversity and reduce the correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0165] Figure 10 shows an example of a multi-PSDU coding procedure 1000 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 1000 may implement, or be implemented by, one or more aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the multi-PSDU coding procedure 1000 may be an example of a PSDU coding and mapping procedure 220 performed by a transmitter device 205, as described with reference to Figure 2.

[0166] As illustrated with reference to Figure 2, the transmitter device 205 may generate two or more PSDUs 1005 in the MAC layer. As shown in Figure 10, the transmitter device 205 may generate PSDUs 1005-a and 1005-b. Thus, the generated PSDUs 1005 can be encoded in the PHY layer. In some cases, the encoding process shown in the multi-PSDU encoding procedure 1000 may be such that each PSDU 1005 corresponds to the respective RUs and respective MCS of the MRU. In such cases, the transmitter device 205 may process each RU separately. Although Figure 10 shows two PSDUs 1005, it should be understood that the transmitter device 205 may generate any number of PSDUs 1005 simultaneously in the MAC layer. In some examples, the process in Figure 10 can be used for per-RU MCS for OL OFDMA transmission with MRU, where each PSDU corresponds to one RU, the amounts of PSDU, RU, and encoder are the same (e.g., N_psdu=Nru=N_encoder), and each RU is processed separately as shown in Figure 10. To reduce the amount of encoder (e.g., N_encoder), at least several RUs, MCS, or both having the same code rate may share one PSDU using joint coding, and the coded bits can later be split into each shared RU by a proportional RU parser.

[0167] Based on each PSDU 1005 corresponding to each RU, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of each PSDU 1005 according to encoding procedure 1010. For example, the transmitter device 205 may perform pre-FEC PHY padding (e.g., padding each PSDU 1005 with an additional bit so that the amount of bits in each PSDU 1005 satisfies the pre-FEC bit threshold). Based on performing pre-FEC PHY padding, the transmitter device 205 may use scrambling for each PSDU 1005 (e.g., a device that transposes or inverts a signal in the analog domain). Based on performing scrambling, the transmitter device 205 may perform the respective encoding for each PSDU 1005. For example, each encoding may correspond to the MCS associated with a given RU. Figure 10 shows the use of LDPC encoding, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 10 may use other forms of encoding, such as BCC, among other examples. Based on the encoding process, the transmitter device 205 may perform post-FEC PHY padding for each PSDU 1005 (for example, padding each PSDU 1005 with an additional bit so that the amount of bits for each PSDU 1005 satisfies the post-FEC bit threshold). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may encode the bits of each PSDU 1005 simultaneously.

[0168] As shown in Figure 10, each RU can be associated with a stream parser that can parse the encoded bits of its respective PSDU 1005 into a subset of bits corresponding to the spatial stream associated with the corresponding RU. As explained with reference to Figure 2, each of the spatial streams associated with a given RU may have the same MCS. Furthermore, the amount of bits in a given subset of bits may be proportional to the modulation size of the MCS corresponding to the RU, and the encoded bits can be parsed into each spatial stream via a round-robin procedure. Furthermore, each spatial stream may be associated with a constellation mapper. For example, each constellation mapper may map the subset of bits parsed into its associated spatial stream to the respective constellation size associated with the corresponding MCS for the associated RU. Thus, each constellation mapper may be based on the modulation type for the corresponding MCS (e.g., QAM, QPSK, BPSK, among other examples). It is understood that each RU can be associated with any amount of spatial streams corresponding to any amount of constellation mappers.

[0169] Based on mapping bits using each constellation mapper, the transmitter device 205 may perform tone mapping using each tone mapper 1015 associated with each spatial stream (tone mappers 1015-a, 1015-b, 1015-c, and 1015-d). In some examples, the transmitter device 205 may use a given tone mapper 1015 to sort the streams of constellation points to obtain the corresponding spatial streams. Figure 10 shows the use of an LDPC tone mapper, but it should be understood that the technique in Figure 10 may use other forms of interleaving, such as a BCC interleaver, among other examples. Furthermore, the tone mapper 1015 may operate within each RU rather than within the MRU in order to isolate a given modulation scheme assigned to each RU of the MRU (for example, to keep each QAM within its assigned RU).

[0170] Based on performing tone mapping, the transmitter device 205 may perform the PSDU termination procedure 1020. For example, the transmitter device 205 may apply each CSD to one or more of the spatial streams. CSD may be used to apply a cyclic delay to each of the spatial streams in order to increase frequency diversity and reduce the correlation between transmissions on each spatial stream.

[0171] Figure 11 shows an example of a process flow 1100 supporting signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the process flow 1100 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200, a single PSDU coding procedure 300-700, and PSDU coding procedures 800-1000. The process flow 1100 includes a transmitter 1105 and a receiver 1110, which may be examples of transmitter devices 205 and receiver devices 210, respectively, as described with reference to Figures 2-10. The following alternative examples may be implemented, where some steps are performed in a different order than described, or not performed at all. In some cases, the steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or further steps may be added. Furthermore, while the process flow 1100 shows a process between two devices, it should be understood that these processes can occur between any number of wireless devices and wireless device types.

[0172] In 1115, the transmitter device 1105 may send an MCS configuration message (for example, MCS configuration message 215, referring to Figure 2) to the receiver device 1110. For example, the MCS configuration message may be an example of control signaling indicating a set of different MCSs that can be applied to a set of spatial streams, or a set of RUs, or at least one of both. Furthermore, the control signaling may indicate that each MCS from the set of different MCSs can be applied to each of the spatial streams in the set of spatial streams, or to each of the RUs in the set of RUs. For example, the MCS configuration message may indicate the receiver device 1110 and may indicate a MAC and PHY process (for example, one of the processes illustrated and described with reference to Figures 3 to 10) that the transmitter device 1105 can use to generate and encode one or more PSDUs.

[0173] In some examples, control signaling may include a set of UIFs. For example, each set of UIFs may indicate that each MCS from a different set of MCSs may be applied to each spatial stream from a set of spatial streams or each RU from a set of RUs. Additionally or alternatively, each set of UIFs may include user identification information associated with the receiver device 1110.

[0174] In some examples, the control signaling includes a single USF indicating the receiver device 1110. Thus, a single USF may indicate that each MCS from a different set of MCSs is applied to each spatial stream from a set of spatial streams, or to each RU from a set of RUs.

[0175] In some cases, a single USF may contain one or more bits of UIF. For example, the first bit value of one or more bits may indicate that the UIF contains a subfield indicating that each MCS in a different set of MCSs can be applied to each spatial stream in a set of spatial streams or each RU in a set of RUs. If one or more bits have the first value, the number of bits in the subfield may correspond to the amount of a set of spatial streams or the amount of a set of RUs. For example, a set of spatial streams may be divided into groups of spatial streams, each corresponding to each MCS in a different set of MCSs, or a set of RUs may be divided into groups of RUs, each corresponding to each MCS in a different set of MCSs. In such cases, the MCS configuration message may further indicate the size of each group of spatial streams or each group of RUs, or the amount of each group of spatial streams or each group of RUs.

[0176] In some cases, a single USF has a fixed size.

[0177] In some cases, the MCS configuration message may indicate that each MCS corresponds to a respective spatial stream, and each spatial stream is ordered according to the non-ascending order of the respective code rates associated with the respective MCS, and a single USF indicates the first MCS for the first spatial stream of the set of spatial streams and the respective difference values ​​for each other spatial stream of the set of spatial streams. In such cases, the respective difference values ​​may indicate the MCS for the MCS associated with adjacent streams, and the first MCS may be associated with the highest or lowest code rate of the respective MCS.

[0178] In some cases, an MCS configuration message may indicate that each MCS corresponds to its respective spatial stream, that each spatial stream in a set of spatial streams is grouped into one or more spatial stream subsets, and that a single USF indicates a different MCS associated with each of the one or more spatial stream subsets.

[0179] In some cases, the MCS configuration message may be an example of a PHY preamble containing a common field and a set of UIFs. In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may encode the common field and each UIF using its respective code block. In some other examples, the transmitter device 1105 may encode each subset of the set of UIFs using its respective code block, based on the amount of bits in each UIF that satisfies a bit amount threshold, and a given subset of the set of UIFs may contain an amount of bits less than or equal to the size of the corresponding code block.

[0180] In some cases, the bit size of the MCS configuration message may be based on the MCS configuration message containing instructions for each MCS, either per spatial stream in a set of spatial streams or per RU in a set of RUs.

[0181] In 1120, the transmitter device 1105 may encode one or more PSDUs according to a PSDU encoding and mapping procedure (for example, PSDU encoding and mapping procedure 220 as described with reference to Figure 2). Various implementations of the PSDU encoding and mapping procedure may correspond to Figures 3 to 10. As described herein, the MCS configuration message may indicate which PSDU encoding and mapping procedure the transmitter device 1105 may use to generate, encode, and map one or more PSDUs.

[0182] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a single PSDU coding procedure 300 (e.g., Figure 3). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may code a set of bits of a first PSDU using the same coding rate. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may map one or more first bits to a first spatial stream and one or more second bits to a second spatial stream via a stream parser (e.g., a proportional stream parser 310). In such examples, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to the first modulation size of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to the second modulation size of the second MCS.

[0183] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a single PSDU coding procedure 400 (e.g., Figure 4). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may encode a set of bits of a first PSDU using a set of encoders associated with a set of spatial streams. Thus, one or more first bits may be coded using a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first spatial stream, and one or more second bits may be coded using a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with the second spatial stream. In such cases, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to a first modulation size and a first code rate of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to a second modulation size and a second code rate of the second MCS. As an addition or alternative, the process of the single PSDU coding procedure 400 may be modified according to the process of a single PSDU coding procedure 500 (e.g., Figure 5). In such cases, an MCS from a different set of MCSs having the same code rate may be associated with the same encoder from a set of encoders.

[0184] In some cases, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a single PSDU coding procedure 600 (e.g., Figure 6). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may code a set of bits of a first PSDU using the same code rate. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may map one or more first bits to a first RU and one or more second bits to a second RU via an RU parser (e.g., a proportional RU parser 610). In such cases, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits may be proportional to the first modulation size of the first MCS and the first size of the first RU, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits may be proportional to the second modulation size of the second MCS and the second size of the second RU. In some cases, the first RU may be associated with a first tone mapper, and the second RU may be associated with a second tone mapper.

[0185] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a single PSDU coding procedure 700 (e.g., Figure 7). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may encode a set of bits of a first PSDU using a set of encoders associated with a set of RUs. Thus, one or more first bits may be coded using a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first RU, and one or more second bits may be coded using a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with the second RU. In such cases, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to the first modulation size, the first code rate of the first MCS, and the first size of the first RU, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to the second modulation size, the second code rate of the second MCS, and the second size of the second RU. In some cases, the first RU may be associated with the first tone mapper, and the second RU may be associated with the second tone mapper.

[0186] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a multi-PSDU coding procedure 800 (e.g., Figure 8). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may generate multiple PSDUs (e.g., a first PSDU and a second PSDU) at the MAC layer. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may encode the first PSDU using a first encoder from the set of encoders and encode the second PSDU using a second encoder from the set of encoders. In such cases, each of the set of encoders may be associated with each spatial stream from the set of spatial streams and each MCS associated with each spatial stream. As an addition or alternative, the process of the multi-PSDU coding procedure 800 may be modified according to the process of the multi-PSDU coding procedure 900 (e.g., Figure 9). In such cases, MCSs from different sets of MCS having the same coding rate are associated with the same encoder from the set of encoders.

[0187] In some cases, the transmitter device 1105 may perform PSDU coding and mapping procedures according to a multi-PSDU coding procedure 1000 (e.g., Figure 10). For example, the transmitter device 1105 may generate multiple PSDUs (e.g., a first PSDU and a second PSDU) at the MAC layer. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may encode the first PSDU using a first encoder from a set of encoders, and encode the second PSDU using a second encoder from a set of encoders. In such cases, each of the set of encoders may be associated with each RU from a set of RUs, and each MCS may be associated with each RU. In some cases, each of the RUs may be associated with its own tone mapper.

[0188] In 1125, the transmitter device 1105 may transmit one or more PSDUs prepared using PSDU coding and mapping procedures. For example, the transmitter device 1105 may transmit at least one or more first bits of a first PSDU to the receiver device 1110 using a first MCS from a different set of MCSs via a first spatial stream from a set of spatial streams or via a first RU from a set of RUs, and may transmit one or more second bits of the first or second PSDU to the receiver device 1110 using a second MCS from a different set of MCSs via a second spatial stream from a set of spatial streams or via a second RU from a set of RUs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0189] In 1130, the receiver device 1110 receives the PSDU transmission and can decode one or more PSDUs using the information contained in the MCS configuration message.

[0190] In some examples, the control signaling may include an indicator for unequal QAMs across sets of spatial streams. In some examples, the control signaling includes an MCS field indicating a first set of entries for one or more spatial streams associated with equal QAMs, and a second set of entries for sets of spatial streams associated with an indicator for unequal QAMs. In such examples, the MCS field further indicates the quantity of sets of spatial streams. As an addition or alternative, the indicator for unequal QAMs is a set of bits in the MCS field of the UIF, and the quantity of sets of spatial streams is indicated in a second field of the UIF.

[0191] In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is either a subfield of the MCS field or a second field associated with the MCS field. Thus, the first value of the subfield may indicate unequal QAM across a set of spatial streams, and the second value of the subfield may indicate equal QAM and equal MCS across the set of spatial streams. Furthermore, the set of spatial streams may be ordered according to the non-ascending channel quality associated with the set of spatial streams.

[0192] In some examples, the MCS field may contain a set of bits associated with a set of unequal QAMs, based on an indicator for unequal QAMs containing a first value. The set of bits may indicate the respective unequal QAM associated with each spatial stream in a set of spatial streams. Additional or alternative, the indicator for unequal QAMs may be a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses the MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM, and the second spatial stream uses the first code rate and a second QAM that is one QAM level lower than the first QAM. Additional or alternative, the indicator for unequal QAMs may be a first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses the MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a second QAM, and the first spatial stream uses the first code rate and the first QAM is one QAM level higher than the second QAM.

[0193] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may use a single spatial stream based on the long-term SNR value being lower than the long-term SNR threshold, or based on the short-term SNR value being lower than the short-term SNR threshold.

[0194] In some examples, the long-term SNR value may be greater than the first long-term SNR threshold and lower than the second long-term SNR threshold. Additionally or alternatively, the short-term SNR value may be greater than the first short-term SNR threshold and lower than the second short-term SNR threshold. In such examples, if the SNR gap value between the first and second spatial streams is below the first SNR gap threshold, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream. If the SNR gap value is greater than the first SNR gap threshold and lower than the second SNR gap threshold, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be different from the second QAM of the second spatial stream. If the SNR gap value is greater than the second SNR gap threshold, the transmitter device 1105 may use a single spatial stream for PSDU transmission in 1125.

[0195] In some examples, the first QAM of the first spatial stream may be equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on the fact that the long-term SNR value is greater than the first long-term SNR threshold and the second long-term SNR threshold, or based on the fact that the short-term SNR value is greater than the first short-term SNR threshold and the second short-term SNR threshold.

[0196] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may use two spatial streams to transmit a single PSDU transmission in 1125. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may determine a first SNR value associated with the first spatial stream and a second SNR value associated with the second spatial stream. Thus, based on the first and second SNR values, the transmitter device 1105 may determine an MCS including a first code rate and a first QAM, with the first spatial stream using the MCS and the second spatial stream using the first code rate and the second QAM.

[0197] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may use three spatial streams to transmit a single PSDU transmission in 1125. In such examples, the first and second spatial streams may be associated with a first QAM level, and the third spatial stream may be associated with a second QAM level that is one level lower than the first QAM level. In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may determine a first SNR value associated with the first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with the second spatial stream, and a third SNR value associated with the third spatial stream. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may determine an MCS based on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, and the third SNR value, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level. Thus, the first and second spatial streams may use an MCS, and the third spatial stream may use a first code rate and a second QAM level.

[0198] In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may use four spatial streams to transmit a single PSDU transmission in 1125.

[0199] In some cases, the first, second, and third spatial streams are associated with a first QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream is associated with a second QAM level that is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level. In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may determine a first SNR value associated with the first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with the second spatial stream, a third SNR value associated with the third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value associated with the fourth spatial stream. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may determine the MCS based on the first, second, third, and fourth SNR values, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level. Thus, the first, second, and third spatial streams use the MCS, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and a second QAM level.

[0200] In some other cases of four spatial streams, the first and second spatial streams are associated with a first QAM level, the third spatial stream is associated with a second QAM level that is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream is associated with a third QAM level that is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level. In some examples, the transmitter device 1105 may determine a first SNR value associated with the first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with the second spatial stream, a third SNR value associated with the third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value associated with the fourth spatial stream. Thus, the transmitter device 1105 may determine an MCS based on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, the third SNR value, and the fourth SNR value, the MCS including a first code rate and a first QAM level. Therefore, the first and second spatial streams use MCS, the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and the third QAM level.

[0201] Figure 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Device 1205 may be an example of an AP embodiment described herein. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. Device 1205 may also include at least one processor that can be coupled with at least one memory to support signaling for multiple encoding schemes as described herein. Each of these components may communicate with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0202] Receiver 1210 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with signaling assistance of multiple coding schemes to a single user device). The information may be passed to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0203] Transmitter 1215 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1205. Transmitter 1215 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0204] The communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of means for performing various forms of signaling assistance for multiple coding schemes to a single user device as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0205] In some examples, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuits). The hardware may include at least one processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, which are configured as means for performing the functions described herein, or which otherwise individually or collectively support such means. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by having at least one processor execute instructions stored in at least one memory).

[0206] As an addition or alternative, the communications manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (for example, as communications management software or firmware). When implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (for example, configured as means for performing the functions described herein, or otherwise supporting such means individually or collectively).

[0207] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or in cooperation with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both. For example, the communications manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210 and transmit information to the transmitter 1215, or may be integrated with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0208] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device (e.g., a first wireless device) as illustrated in the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means of transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device (e.g., a second wireless device), the control signaling representing a set of multiple distinct modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of multiple spatial streams or a set of multiple RUs, the control signaling indicating that each MCS of the set of multiple distinct MCS is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or to each RU of the set of multiple RUs. The communication manager 1220 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means of transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to the first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or via a first RU of the set of multiple RUs, using a first MCS of the set of multiple distinct MCS, in accordance with the control signaling. The communication manager 1220 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, a means of transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0209] As an addition or alternative, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and indicating that each QAM from the set of multiple QAMs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams. The communication manager 1220 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to the first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams using a first QAM from the set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with the control signaling. The communication manager 1220 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0210] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with the examples described herein, the device 1205 (e.g., at least one processor controlling the receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, communications manager 1220, or a combination thereof, or otherwise coupled thereto) may support techniques for unequal MCS across spatial streams or RUs, which may result in reduced processing, reduced power consumption, or more efficient use of communications resources.

[0211] Figure 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of device 1305 supporting signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Device 1305 may be an example of an embodiment of device 1205 or AP115 as described herein. Device 1305, or one or more components of device 1305 (e.g., receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, communication manager 1320), may also include at least one processor which can be coupled with at least one memory to support the techniques described herein. Device 1305 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0212] Receiver 1310 may provide means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with signaling assistance of multiple coding schemes to a single user device). The information may be passed to other components of device 1305. Receiver 1310 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0213] Transmitter 1315 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1305. Transmitter 1315 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0214] Device 1305, or its various components, may be an example of means for performing various forms of signaling assistance for multiple coding schemes to a single user device as described herein. For example, communication manager 1320 may include control signal transmission component 1325, service data unit transmission component 1330, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1320 may be an example of a form of communication manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1320, or its various components, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or in cooperation with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both. For example, communication manager 1320 may receive information from receiver 1310 and transmit information to transmitter 1315, or be integrated with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0215] The communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device (e.g., a first wireless device) as illustrated in the examples disclosed herein. The control signal transmission component 1325 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support means for transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device (e.g., a second wireless device), the control signaling representing a set of multiple different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of multiple spatial streams or a set of multiple RUs, the control signaling representing that each MCS of the set of multiple different MCSs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or to each RU of the set of multiple RUs. The service data unit transmission component 1330 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means of transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a first RU from a set of multiple RUs, using a first MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling. The service data unit transmission component 1330 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means of transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU from a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0216] As an addition or alternative, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication as described herein. The control signal transmission component 1325 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and indicating that each QAM from the set of multiple QAMs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams. The data packet transmission component 1330 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams, using a first QAM from the set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with the control signaling. The data packet transmission component 1330 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means for transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0217] Figure 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of a communications manager 1420 that supports signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Communications manager 1420 may be an example of communications manager 1220, communications manager 1320, or both, as described herein. Communications manager 1420, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of signaling support for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device as described herein. For example, communications manager 1420 may include a control signal transmission component 1425, a service data unit transmission component 1430, a data encoding component 1435, a spatial stream mapping component 1440, an RU mapping component 1445, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or their subordinate components (e.g., at least one processor, at least one memory), may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0218] The communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device (e.g., a first wireless device) as illustrated herein. The control signal transmission component 1425 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support means for transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device (e.g., a second wireless device), the control signaling representing a set of multiple different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of multiple spatial streams or a set of multiple RUs, the control signaling representing that each MCS of the set of multiple different MCSs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or to each RU of the set of multiple RUs. The service data unit transmission component 1430 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means of transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a first RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a first MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling. In some examples, the service data unit transmission component 1430 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means of transmitting one or more second bits of a first or second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling, where the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0219] In some examples, the control signaling includes a set of UIFs, each of which indicates that each of the sets of UIFs is applied to each of the sets of spatial streams or each of the sets of RUs, and each of the sets of UIFs includes user identification information associated with a first receiver wireless device.

[0220] In some examples, the control signaling includes a single USF indicating a first receiver wireless device, and a single USF indicating each MCS out of several different sets of MCSs is applied to each spatial stream out of several sets of spatial streams, or to each RU out of several sets of RUs.

[0221] In some examples, a single USF contains a UIF that includes one or more bits, the first bit value of which indicates that the UIF contains a subfield indicating that each MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs is applied to each spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams or each RU from a set of multiple RUs.

[0222] In some examples, the size of each group of spatial streams or the size of each group of RUs. In some examples, the quantity of each group of spatial streams or the quantity of each group of RUs.

[0223] In some cases, a single USF has a fixed size.

[0224] In some examples, each MCS corresponds to a respective spatial stream, and each spatial stream is ordered according to the non-ascending order of the respective code rates associated with the corresponding MCS. A single USF represents the first MCS for the first spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams, and the respective difference values ​​for each of the other spatial streams in the set of multiple spatial streams, where each difference value represents the MCS for the MCS associated with the adjacent stream, and the first MCS is associated with the highest or lowest code rate among the respective MCS.

[0225] In some examples, each MCS corresponds to its own spatial stream, and each spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams is grouped into one or more spatial stream subsets, with a single USF indicating different MCSs associated with each of the one or more spatial stream subsets.

[0226] In some examples, the control signaling includes a common field and a set of UIFs, each containing a single USF, and the data encoding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, means of encoding the common field and each UIF using their respective code blocks.

[0227] In some examples, the control signaling includes a set of UIFs, each containing a single USF, and the data coding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, a means of encoding each subset of the set of UIFs using each code block based on the amount of bits in each UIF that satisfies a bit amount threshold, where a given subset of the set of UIFs contains an amount of bits less than or equal to the size of the corresponding code block.

[0228] In some examples, the bit size of the control signaling is based on control signaling containing instructions for each MCS, either for each spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams, or for each RU in a set of multiple RUs.

[0229] In some examples, the data encoding component 1435 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit using the same code rate. In some examples, the spatial stream mapping component 1440 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for mapping one or more first bits to a first spatial stream and one or more second bits to a second spatial stream via a stream parser, where the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size of the second MCS.

[0230] In some examples, the data encoding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, a means for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit using a set of encoders associated with a set of spatial streams, wherein one or more first bits are encoded using a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first spatial stream, and one or more second bits are encoded using a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with the second spatial stream, wherein the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size and a first code rate of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size and a second code rate of the second MCS.

[0231] In some examples, an MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs with the same code rate is associated with the same encoder from a set of multiple encoders.

[0232] In some examples, the data encoding component 1435 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit using the same code rate. In some examples, the RU mapping component 1445 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for mapping one or more first bits to a first RU and one or more second bits to a second RU via an RU parser, wherein the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to the modulation size of a first MCS and the first size of the first RU, and the first RU is associated with a first tone mapper; and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to the second modulation size of a second MCS and the second size of the second RU, and the second RU is associated with a second tone mapper.

[0233] In some examples, the data encoding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, a means for encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit using a set of encoders associated with a set of multiple RUs, wherein one or more first bits are encoded using a first encoder from the set of encoders associated with the first RU, the first RU is associated with a first tone mapper; one or more second bits are encoded using a second encoder from the set of encoders associated with the second RU, the second RU is associated with a second tone mapper; the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size, a first code rate of the first MCS, and a first size of the first RU; and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size, a second code rate of the second MCS, and a second size of the second RU.

[0234] In some examples, the transmitter wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit, and the data encoding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, means of encoding the first service data unit using a first encoder from a set of encoders and encoding the second service data unit using a second encoder from a set of encoders, each of which is associated with a spatial stream from a set of spatial streams and a respective MCS associated with the respective spatial stream.

[0235] In some examples, an MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs with the same code rate is associated with the same encoder from a set of multiple encoders.

[0236] In some examples, the transmitter wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit, and the data coding component 1435 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support means of encoding the first service data unit using a first encoder from a set of encoders and encoding the second service data unit using a second encoder from a set of encoders, each of the set of encoders being associated with each RU and each MCS associated with each RU from a set of RUs, and each of the RUs being associated with each tone mapper.

[0237] In addition or alternatively, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication as described herein. In some examples, the control signal transmission component 1425 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and indicating that each QAM from the set of multiple QAMs is applied to each of the set of multiple spatial streams. In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, using a first QAM from the set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with the control signaling. In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 can, is configured, or can operate to support means for transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, using a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0238] In some examples, the control signaling includes an MCS field that indicates a first set of entries for one or more spatial streams associated with equal QAMs, and a second set of entries for a set of multiple spatial streams associated with indicators for unequal QAMs.

[0239] In some examples, the MCS field further indicates the quantity of a set of multiple spatial streams.

[0240] In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a set of bits contained within the MCS field of the user information field. In some examples, the quantity of a set of multiple spatial streams is indicated within a second field of the user information field.

[0241] In some examples, the indicator of unequal QAM is a subfield of the MCS field or a second field associated with the MCS field. In some examples, the first value of the subfield indicates unequal QAM across a set of spatial streams, and the second value of the subfield indicates equal QAM and equal MCS across a set of spatial streams. In some examples, the set of spatial streams is ordered according to the non-ascending channel quality associated with the set of spatial streams.

[0242] In some examples, the MCS field contains a set of bits associated with a set of unequal QAMs, based on an indicator for unequal QAMs that includes a first value. In some examples, the set of bits represents the respective unequal QAM associated with each spatial stream in a set of multiple spatial streams.

[0243] In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes the first code rate and the first QAM from a set of multiple QAMs. In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM from a set of multiple QAMs, where the second QAM is one QAM level lower than the first QAM.

[0244] In some examples, a transmitter wireless device uses a third spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams to transmit one or more third bits of a data packet. In some examples, an unequal QAM indicator is a first value indicating that the first and second spatial streams use an MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level. In some examples, an unequal QAM indicator indicates that the third spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM level that is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level.

[0245] In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes the first code rate and the second QAM from a set of multiple QAMs. In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses the first code rate and the first QAM from a set of multiple QAMs, where the first QAM is one QAM level higher than the second QAM.

[0246] In some examples, a transmitter wireless device transmits one or more third bits of a data packet using a third spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, and the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the third spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by the MCS field, where the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level. In some examples, the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream each use a first code rate and a second QAM level that is one QAM level higher than the first QAM level.

[0247] In some examples, the control signal transmission component 1425 can support, is configured to support, or can be operated to support, a means of transmitting instructions for a single spatial stream based on the long-term SNR value being lower than the long-term SNR threshold, or based on the short-term SNR value being lower than the short-term SNR threshold.

[0248] In some cases, the long-term SNR value is greater than the first long-term SNR threshold and lower than the second long-term SNR threshold. In some cases, the short-term SNR value is greater than the first short-term SNR threshold and lower than the second short-term SNR threshold.

[0249] In some examples, the first QAM of the first spatial stream is equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on the fact that the SNR gap value between the first and second spatial streams is below the first SNR gap threshold.

[0250] In some examples, the first QAM of the first spatial stream differs from the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on the fact that the SNR gap value between the first and second spatial streams is greater than the first SNR gap threshold and lower than the second SNR gap threshold.

[0251] In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, a means of transmitting instructions for a single spatial stream based on the fact that the SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream is greater than the first SNR gap threshold and greater than the second SNR gap threshold.

[0252] In some examples, the first QAM of the first spatial stream is equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, based on the fact that the long-term SNR value is greater than the first and second long-term SNR thresholds, or based on the fact that the short-term SNR value is greater than the first and second short-term SNR thresholds.

[0253] In some examples, the SNR determination component 1450 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining a first SNR value associated with a first spatial stream and a second SNR value associated with a second spatial stream. In some examples, the MCS determination component 1455 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining an MCS including a first code rate and a first QAM based on the first and second SNR values, wherein the first spatial stream uses an MCS and the second spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM.

[0254] In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 can, is configured, or can operate to support means of transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a third spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, using a third QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0255] In some examples, the first and second QAMs are associated with the first QAM level, while the third QAM is associated with the second QAM level, which is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level.

[0256] In some examples, the SNR determination component 1450 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining a first SNR value associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with a second spatial stream, and a third SNR value associated with a third spatial stream. In some examples, the MCS determination component 1455 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining an MCS based on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, and the third SNR value, wherein the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, and the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and a second QAM level.

[0257] In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 can, is configured, or can operate to support means of transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a third spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a third QAM from a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling. In some examples, the data packet transmission component 1430 can, is configured, or can operate to support means of transmitting one or more fourth bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a fourth spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a fourth QAM from a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0258] In some examples, the first, second, and third QAMs are associated with the first QAM level, while the fourth QAM is associated with the second QAM level, which is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0259] In some examples, the SNR determination component 1450 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining a first SNR value associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value associated with a third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value associated with a fourth spatial stream. In some examples, the MCS determination component 1455 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining an MCS based on a first SNR value, a second SNR value, a third SNR value, and a fourth SNR value, wherein the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, the first, second, and third spatial streams use the MCS, and the fourth spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM level.

[0260] In some examples, the first and second QAMs are associated with the first QAM level, the third QAM is associated with the second QAM level which is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level, and the fourth QAM is associated with the third QAM level which is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0261] In some examples, the SNR determination component 1450 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining a first SNR value associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value associated with a third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value associated with a fourth spatial stream. In some examples, the MCS determination component 1455 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support means for determining an MCS based on a first SNR value, a second SNR value, a third SNR value, and a fourth SNR value, wherein the MCS includes a first code rate and a first QAM level, the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, the third spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream uses a first code rate and a third QAM level.

[0262] Figure 15 shows a diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 that supports signaling for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Device 1505 may be, or include, an example of a component of device 1205, device 1305, or AP as described herein. Device 1505 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1520, a network communications manager 1510, a transceiver 1515, an antenna 1525, at least one memory 1530, a code 1535, at least one processor 1540, and an AP-to-AP communications manager 1545. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operably, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1550).

[0263] The network communication manager 1510 may manage communication with the core network (for example, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1510 may manage the transfer of data communications for one or more client devices such as STA115.

[0264] In some cases, device 1505 may include a single antenna 1525. However, in some other cases, device 1505 may have two or more antennas 1525 that may be capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1515 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1525, a wired link, or a wireless link, as described herein. For example, transceiver 1515 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1515 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1525 for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1525. Transceiver 1515, or transceiver 1515 and one or more antennas 1525, may be an example of a transmitter 1215, a transmitter 1315, a receiver 1210, a receiver 1310, or any combination thereof, or components thereof, as described herein.

[0265] At least one memory 1530 may include RAM and ROM. At least one memory 1530 may store computer-readable computer executable code 1535, which, when executed by at least one processor 1540, causes device 1505 to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1530 may include a BIOS that can control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or peripheral devices.

[0266] At least one processor 1540 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1540 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 1540. At least one processor 1540 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in at least one memory (e.g., at least one memory 1530) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support signaling assistance for multiple coding schemes to a single user device). For example, device 1505 or its components may include at least one processor 1540, or at least one memory 1530 coupled to at least one processor 1540, wherein the at least one processor 1540 and the at least one memory 1530 are configured to perform various functions as described herein. In some examples, each processor of one or more processors may be operable to perform or support the same set of operations, or to perform or support each of one or more sets of operations, or a combination thereof. In some cases, each processor of one or more processors may be capable of executing scripts or instructions of each set of one or more software programs stored in device 1505. For example, at least one processor 1540 may include a first processor capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more first software programs, a second processor capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more second software programs, a third processor capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more third software programs, and so on.As an addition or alternative, each processor of one or more processors may be capable of executing scripts or instructions of each software program stored in device 1505. In some examples, at least one processor 1540 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1530 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, and these may be configured individually or collectively to perform various functions of this specification.

[0267] The inter-station communication manager 1545 may manage communication with other APs 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating communication with the STA 115 in cooperation with other APs 105. For example, the inter-station communication manager 1545 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to APs 105 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communication manager 1545 may provide an X2 interface within the LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between APs 105.

[0268] The communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device (e.g., a first wireless device) as illustrated in the examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means of transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device (e.g., a second wireless device), the control signaling representing a set of multiple distinct modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of multiple spatial streams or a set of multiple RUs, the control signaling indicating that each MCS of the set of multiple distinct MCS is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or to each RU of the set of multiple RUs. The communication manager 1520 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means of transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to the first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams or via a first RU of the set of multiple RUs, using a first MCS of the set of multiple distinct MCS, in accordance with the control signaling. The communication manager 1520 can support, is configured to support, or can operate to support, a means of transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0269] As an addition or alternative, the communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication as illustrated herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of multiple QAMs to be applied to a set of multiple spatial streams, the control signaling including an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of multiple spatial streams, and indicating that each QAM from the set of multiple QAMs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams. The communication manager 1520 may support, be configured to support, or be operable to support, means for transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to the first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of the set of multiple spatial streams using a first QAM from the set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with the control signaling. The communication manager 1520 can support, is configured to support, or is operable to support, means for transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a second QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling.

[0270] By including or configuring a communications manager 1520 in accordance with the examples described herein, device 1505 may support techniques for techniques for unequal MCS across spatial streams or RUs, which may result in improved communication reliability, reduced latency, improved user experience related to reduced processing, reduced power consumption, more efficient use of communications resources, improved coordination between devices, longer battery life, and improved utilization of processing power.

[0271] Figure 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device according to an aspect of this disclosure. The operation of method 1600 may be implemented by an AP or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1600 may be performed by an AP described with reference to Figures 1 to 15. In some examples, the AP may execute a set of instructions for controlling functional elements of the wireless AP in order to perform the described functions. In addition or alternatively, the wireless AP may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0272] In 1605, the method may include transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of several different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of several spatial streams or a set of several RUs, the control signaling indicating that each of the several different MCSs is applied to each of the set of several spatial streams or to each of the set of several RUs. The operation of block 1605 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the mode of operation of 1605 may be carried out by a control signal transmission component 1425 described with reference to Figure 14.

[0273] In 1610, the method may include transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a first RU of a set of multiple RUs, using a first MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling. The operation of block 1610 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the mode of operation of 1610 may be carried out by a service data unit transmission component 1430 described with reference to Figure 14.

[0274] In 1615, the method may include transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream from a set of multiple spatial streams, or via a second RU from a set of multiple RUs, using a second MCS from a set of multiple different MCSs, in accordance with control signaling, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS. The operation of block 1615 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the mode of operation of 1615 may be carried out by a service data unit transmission component 1430 described with reference to Figure 14.

[0275] Figure 17 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 that supports signaling for multiple encoding schemes to a single user device according to an aspect of this disclosure. The operation of method 1700 may be implemented by an AP or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1700 may be performed by an AP described with reference to Figures 1 to 15. In some examples, the AP may execute a set of instructions for controlling functional elements of the wireless AP in order to perform the described functions. In addition or alternatively, the wireless AP may perform aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0276] In 1705, the method may include transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a set of several different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a set of several spatial streams or a set of several RUs, the control signaling indicating that each of the several different MCSs is applied to each of the several spatial streams or to each of the RUs in the set of several RUs. The operation of block 1705 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the operation of 1705 may be carried out by a control signal transmission component 1425 described with reference to Figure 14.

[0277] At 1710, the method may include encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit using the same code rate. The operation of block 1710 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 may be performed by data encoding component 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0278] At 1715, the method may include mapping, via a stream parser, one or more first bits to a first spatial stream and one or more second bits to a second spatial stream, wherein the amount of the first bits in the one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size of a first MCS, and the amount of the second bits in the one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size of a second MCS. The operation of block 1715 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be performed by spatial stream mapping component 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0279] At 1720, the method may include transmitting, according to control signaling, one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device using a first MCS of a set of a plurality of different MCSs, via a first spatial stream of a set of a plurality of spatial streams, or via a first RU of a set of a plurality of RUs. The operation of block 1720 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be performed by service data unit transmission component 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0280] In 1725, the method may include transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to a first receiver wireless device using a second MCS of a set of a plurality of different MCSs, via a second spatial stream of a set of a plurality of spatial streams, or via a second RU of a set of a plurality of RUs, according to control signaling, where the first MCS is different from the second MCS. The operation of block 1725 may be implemented according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1725 may be performed by the service data unit transmission component 1430 described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0281] FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 that supports signaling assistance for multiple coding schemes to a single user device, according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1800 may be implemented by an AP or its components, as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1800 may be performed by the AP described with reference to FIGS. 1 - 15. In some examples, the AP may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the wireless AP to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless AP may implement aspects of the described functions using dedicated hardware.

[0282] In 1805, the method may include transmitting control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, where the control signaling indicates a set of a plurality of QAMs to be applied to a set of a plurality of spatial streams, the control signaling includes an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the set of a plurality of spatial streams, and each QAM of the set of a plurality of QAMs is applied to each spatial stream of the set of a plurality of spatial streams. The operation of block 1805 may be implemented according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1805 may be performed by the control signal transmission component 1425 described with reference to FIG. 14.

[0283] In some examples, method 1800 may include additional embodiments. For example, in 1810, the method may include transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of a set of spatial streams using a first QAM of a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling. The operation of block 1810 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, embodiments of the operation of 1810 may be carried out by a data packet transmission component 1430, as described with reference to Figure 14.

[0284] In some examples, method 1800 may include additional embodiments. For example, in 1815, the method may include transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a set of spatial streams, using a second QAM from a set of multiple QAMs, in accordance with control signaling. The operation of block 1815 may be carried out according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, embodiments of the operation of 1815 may be carried out by a data packet transmission component 1430, as described with reference to Figure 14.

[0285] The methods described herein illustrate possible implementations, and it should be noted that the operations and steps may be reconfigured or modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, two or more aspects of the methods may be combined.

[0286] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure.

[0287] Embodiment 1: A method for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device, comprising transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, wherein the control signaling indicates a plurality of different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a plurality of spatial streams or a plurality of RUs, the control signaling indicates that each of the plurality of different MCSs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the plurality of RUs, and according to the control signaling, according to the first MCS of the plurality of different MCSs, the plurality of spatial streams A method comprising: transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of a stream or via a first RU of a plurality of RUs; and transmitting one or more second bits of a first service data unit or a second service data unit to the first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams or via a second RU of a plurality of RUs, according to a second MCS of a plurality of different MCSs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

[0288] Embodiment 2: The method according to Embodiment 1, wherein the control signaling comprises a plurality of UIFs, each of which UIFs indicates that each MCS of a plurality of different MCSs is applied to each spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams or each RU of a plurality of RUs, and each of which UIFs comprises user identification information associated with a first receiver wireless device.

[0289] Embodiment 3: The method according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the control signaling comprises a single USF indicating a first receiver wireless device, the single USF indicating that each MCS of a plurality of different MCSs is applied to each spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams, or to each RU of a plurality of RUs.

[0290] Embodiment 4: The method according to Embodiment 3, wherein a single USF comprises a UIF having one or more bits, the first bit value of the one or more bits being a subfield indicating that the UIF has a subfield indicating that each of the MCS among a plurality of different MCSs is applied to each of the spatial streams among a plurality of spatial streams, or to each of the RUs among a plurality of RUs.

[0291] Embodiment 5: The method according to Embodiment 4, wherein the amount of bits in the subfield corresponds to the amount of multiple spatial streams or the amount of multiple RUs, each of which is divided into groups of spatial streams corresponding to each of the multiple different MCSs, or each of which is divided into groups of RUs corresponding to each of the multiple different MCSs, and the control signaling further indicates the size of each of the groups of spatial streams or the size of each of the groups of RUs, or the amount of each of the groups of spatial streams or the amount of each of the groups of RUs.

[0292] Embodiment 6: The method according to any one of Embodiments 3 to 5, wherein a single USF has a fixed size.

[0293] Embodiment 7: The method according to any one of Embodiments 3 to 6, wherein each MCS corresponds to each spatial stream, and each spatial stream is ordered according to the non-ascending order of the respective code rates associated with the respective corresponding MCS, and a single USF indicates a first MCS for a first spatial stream among the multiple spatial streams and the respective difference values ​​for each of the other spatial streams among the multiple spatial streams, where each difference value indicates an MCS for an MCS associated with an adjacent stream, and the first MCS is associated with the highest or lowest code rate among the respective MCS.

[0294] Embodiment 8: The method according to any one of Embodiments 3 to 7, wherein each MCS corresponds to a respective spatial stream, each spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams is grouped into one or more spatial stream subsets, and a single USF indicates a different MCS associated with each of the one or more spatial stream subsets.

[0295] Embodiment 9: The method according to any one of embodiments 3 to 8, wherein the control signaling comprises a common field and a set of UIFs including a single USF, and the method further comprises encoding the common field and each UIF according to their respective code blocks.

[0296] Embodiment 10: The method according to any one of embodiments 3 to 9, wherein the control signaling comprises a set of UIFs, each UIF containing a single USF, and the method further comprises encoding each subset of the set of UIFs according to each code block, at least in part on the amount of bits in each UIF that satisfies a bit amount threshold, such that a given subset of the set of UIFs has an amount of bits less than or equal to the size of the corresponding code block.

[0297] Embodiment 11: The method according to any one of Embodiments 3 to 10, wherein the bit size of the control signaling is at least partially based on a control signaling having instructions for each MCS for each spatial stream among a plurality of spatial streams or for each RU among a plurality of RUs.

[0298] Embodiment 12: The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 11, further comprising encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to the same code rate, and mapping one or more first bits to a first spatial stream and one or more second bits to a second spatial stream via a stream parser, wherein the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size of the first MCS, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size of the second MCS.

[0299] Aspect 13: Further comprising encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to a plurality of encoders associated with a plurality of spatial streams, wherein one or more first bits are encoded according to a first encoder among the plurality of encoders associated with a first spatial stream, one or more second bits are encoded according to a second encoder among the plurality of encoders associated with a second spatial stream, the amount of the first bits in the one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size and a first code rate of a first MCS, and the amount of the second bits in the one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size and a second code rate of a second MCS, the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0300] Aspect 14: The MCS among a plurality of different MCSs having the same code rate is associated with the same encoder among the plurality of encoders, the method according to Aspect 13.

[0301] Aspect 15: Further comprising encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to the same code rate, and mapping one or more first bits to a first RU and one or more second bits to a second RU via a RU parser, wherein the amount of the first bits in the one or more first bits is proportional to a modulation size of a first MCS and a first size of the first RU, the first RU is associated with a first tone mapper, the amount of the second bits in the one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size of a second MCS and a second size of the second RU, and the second RU is associated with a second tone mapper, the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14.

[0302] Embodiment 16: The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 15, further comprising encoding a set of bits of a first service data unit according to a plurality of encoders associated with a plurality of RUs, wherein one or more first bits are encoded according to a first encoder among the plurality of encoders associated with the first RU, the first RU is associated with a first tone mapper, one or more second bits are encoded according to a second encoder among a plurality of encoders associated with a second RU, the second RU is associated with a second tone mapper, the amount of first bits in one or more first bits is proportional to a first modulation size, a first code rate of the first MCS, and a first size of the first RU, and the amount of second bits in one or more second bits is proportional to a second modulation size, a second code rate of the second MCS, and a second size of the second RU.

[0303] Embodiment 17: The method according to any one embodiment 1 to 16, wherein the transmitter wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit, and the method further comprises encoding the first service data unit according to a first encoder of a plurality of encoders, and encoding the second service data unit according to a second encoder of a plurality of encoders, each of the plurality of encoders being associated with each spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams and each MCS associated with each spatial stream.

[0304] Embodiment 18: The method according to Embodiment 17, wherein an MCS among several different MCSs having the same code rate is associated with the same encoder among several encoders.

[0305] Embodiment 19: The method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 18, wherein the transmitter wireless device transmits a second service data unit in addition to a first service data unit, the method further comprising encoding the first service data unit according to a first encoder of a plurality of encoders, and encoding the second service data unit according to a second encoder of a plurality of encoders, each of the plurality of encoders being associated with each RU of a plurality of RUs and each MCS associated with each RU, and each of the respective RUs being associated with each tone mapper.

[0306] Embodiment 20: An apparatus for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device, comprising at least one memory and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to carry out the method according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 19.

[0307] Embodiment 21: An apparatus for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device, comprising at least one means for carrying out the method described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 19.

[0308] Embodiment 22: A non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing code for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device, wherein the code includes instructions that can be executed by at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 19.

[0309] Embodiment 23: A method for wireless communication in a transmitter wireless device, comprising transmitting a control signaling to a first receiver wireless device, the control signaling indicating a plurality of QAMs applied to a plurality of spatial streams, the control signaling comprising an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the plurality of spatial streams, and indicating that each of the plurality of QAMs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams.

[0310] Embodiment 24: The method according to Embodiment 23, further comprising transmitting one or more first bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a first spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams in accordance with a first QAM of a plurality of QAMs, according to control signaling, and transmitting one or more second bits of a data packet to the first receiver wireless device via a second spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams in accordance with a second QAM of a plurality of QAMs, according to control signaling.

[0311] Embodiment 25: The method of Embodiment 24, wherein the control signaling comprises an MCS field indicating a first set of entries for one or more spatial streams associated with equal QAMs and a second set of entries for multiple spatial streams associated with indicators for unequal QAMs.

[0312] Embodiment 26: The method according to Embodiment 25, wherein the MCS field further indicates the quantity of multiple spatial streams.

[0313] Embodiment 27: The method according to any one of Embodiments 25 to 26, wherein the indicator of unequal QAM is a set of bits contained within the MCS field of the user information field, and the amount of multiple spatial streams is indicated within a second field of the user information field.

[0314] Embodiment 28: The method according to any one of Embodiments 24 to 26, wherein the indicator for unequal QAM is a subfield of the MCS field or a second field associated with the MCS field, the first value of the subfield indicates unequal QAM across multiple spatial streams, and the second value of the subfield indicates equal QAM and equal MCS across multiple spatial streams, the multiple spatial streams are ordered according to the non-ascending channel quality associated with the multiple spatial streams.

[0315] Embodiment 29: The method of Embodiment 28, wherein the MCS field comprises a set of bits associated with a set of unequal QAMs, at least in part on an indicator for unequal QAMs having a first value, the set of bits indicating each unequal QAM associated with each spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams.

[0316] Embodiment 30: The method according to any one of Embodiments 28 to 29, wherein the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that a first spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a first QAM of a plurality of QAMs, and the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that a second spatial stream uses a first code rate and a second QAM of a plurality of QAMs, the second QAM being one QAM level lower than the first QAM.

[0317] Embodiment 31: The method according to any one of Embodiments 28 to 30, wherein the transmitter wireless device transmits one or more third bits of a data packet according to a third spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams, the indicator of unequal QAM being of a first value indicating that the first and second spatial streams use an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the indicator of unequal QAM being of a first code rate and a second QAM level one level lower than the first QAM level.

[0318] Embodiment 32: The method according to any one of Embodiments 28 to 31, wherein the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a second QAM of a plurality of QAMs, and the indicator for unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses a first code rate and a first QAM of a plurality of QAMs, the first QAM being one QAM level higher than the second QAM.

[0319] Embodiment 33: The method according to any one of Embodiments 28 to 32, wherein the transmitter wireless device transmits one or more third bits of a data packet according to a third spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams, the unequal QAM indicator is of a first value indicating that the third spatial stream uses an MCS indicated by an MCS field, the MCS comprises a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the unequal QAM indicator is of a first value indicating that the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream each use a first code rate and a second QAM level one level higher than the first QAM level.

[0320] Embodiment 34: The method according to any one of embodiments 24 to 33, further comprising causing a single spatial stream instruction to be transmitted, at least in part on the long-term SNR value being less than a long-term SNR threshold, or at least in part on the short-term SNR value being less than a short-term SNR threshold.

[0321] Embodiment 35: The method according to any one of Embodiments 24 to 34, wherein the long-term SNR value is greater than a first long-term SNR threshold and less than a second long-term SNR threshold, or the short-term SNR value is greater than a first short-term SNR threshold and less than a second long-term SNR threshold.

[0322] Embodiment 36: The method according to Embodiment 35, wherein the first QAM of the first spatial stream is equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, at least in part based on an SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream that is below a first SNR gap threshold.

[0323] Embodiment 37: The method according to any one of Embodiments 35 to 36, wherein the first QAM of the first spatial stream is different from the second QAM of the second spatial stream, at least in part on the fact that the SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream is greater than the first SNR gap threshold and less than the second SNR gap threshold.

[0324] Embodiment 38: The method according to any one of embodiments 24 to 37, further comprising transmitting a single spatial stream instruction based at least in part on the fact that the SNR gap value between a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream is greater than a first SNR gap threshold and greater than a second SNR gap threshold.

[0325] Embodiment 39: The method according to any one of Embodiments 24 to 38, wherein the first QAM of the first spatial stream is equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, at least partially based on a long-term SNR value greater than a first long-term SNR threshold and a second long-term SNR threshold, or at least partially based on a short-term SNR value greater than a first short-term SNR threshold and a second short-term SNR threshold.

[0326] Embodiment 40: The method according to any one of embodiments 24 to 39, wherein a first SNR value is associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value is associated with a second spatial stream, the MCS comprises a first code rate and a first QAM based at least in part on the first SNR value and the second SNR value, the first spatial stream uses the MCS, and the second spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM.

[0327] Embodiment 41: The method according to any one of embodiments 24 to 40, further comprising transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a third spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams, in accordance with a control signaling and a third QAM of a plurality of QAMs.

[0328] Embodiment 42: The method according to Embodiment 41, wherein the first and second QAMs are associated with the first QAM level, and the third QAM is associated with the second QAM level which is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level.

[0329] Embodiment 43: The method according to Embodiment 42, wherein a first SNR value is associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value is associated with a second spatial stream, and a third SNR value is associated with a third spatial stream, and the MCS is based at least in part on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, and the third SNR value, and the MCS comprises a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, and the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level.

[0330] Embodiment 44: The method according to any one of embodiments 24 to 43, further comprising transmitting one or more third bits of a data packet to a first receiver wireless device via a third spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams in accordance with a third QAM of a plurality of QAMs, according to control signaling, and transmitting one or more fourth bits of a data packet to the first receiver wireless device via a fourth spatial stream of a plurality of spatial streams in accordance with a fourth QAM of a plurality of QAMs, according to control signaling.

[0331] Embodiment 45: The method according to Embodiment 44, wherein the first QAM, the second QAM, and the third QAM are associated with the first QAM level, and the fourth QAM is associated with the second QAM level which is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0332] Embodiment 46: The method according to Embodiment 45, wherein a first SNR value is associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value is associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value is associated with a third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value is associated with a fourth spatial stream, and the MCS is based at least in part on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, the third SNR value, and the fourth SNR value, and the MCS comprises a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the first spatial stream, the second spatial stream, and the third spatial stream use the MCS, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level.

[0333] Embodiment 47: Any method of Embodiments 44 to 46, wherein the first QAM and the second QAM are associated with the first QAM level, the third QAM is associated with the second QAM level which is one QAM level lower than the first QAM level, and the fourth QAM is associated with the third QAM level which is two QAM levels lower than the first QAM level.

[0334] Embodiment 48: The method according to Embodiment 47, wherein a first SNR value is associated with a first spatial stream, a second SNR value is associated with a second spatial stream, a third SNR value is associated with a third spatial stream, and a fourth SNR value is associated with a fourth spatial stream, and the MCS is based at least in part on the first SNR value, the second SNR value, the third SNR value, and the fourth SNR value, and the MCS comprises a first code rate and a first QAM level, and the first and second spatial streams use the MCS, the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM level, and the fourth spatial stream uses the first code rate and the third QAM level.

[0335] Embodiment 49: A transmitter wireless device for wireless communication, comprising one or more memories for storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled to one or more memories, individually or collectively operable to execute code to cause the transmitter wireless device to perform any of the methods described in Embodiments 23 to 48.

[0336] Embodiment 50: A transmitter wireless device for wireless communication comprising at least one means for performing the method described in any one of Embodiments 23 to 48.

[0337] Embodiment 51: A non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing code for wireless communication, wherein the code includes instructions that can be executed by a processor to carry out the method described in any of Embodiments 23 to 48.

[0338] The techniques described herein can be used in a variety of wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often used interchangeably. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems can implement wireless technologies such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA). CDMA2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. The IS-2000 release is commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1X, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRA includes wideband CDMA (WCDMA®) and other variations of CDMA. Time-division multiple access (TDMA) systems can implement radio technologies such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems can implement radio technologies such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Flash-OFDM.

[0339] One or more wireless communication systems described herein may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. In synchronous operation, base stations may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately synchronized in time. In asynchronous operation, stations may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different stations may not be synchronized in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0340] Downlink transmission as described herein may also be called forward link transmission, and uplink transmission may also be called reverse link transmission. For example, each communication link described herein, including the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 in Figures 1 and 2, may include one or more carriers, where each carrier may be a signal composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., waveform signals of various frequencies).

[0341] The descriptions provided herein in relation to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and do not represent all embodiments that are implementable or within the scope of the claims. The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, case, or illustration,” and does not mean “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” “Modes for carrying out the invention” include specific details intended to provide an understanding of the described art. However, these arts can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the examples described.

[0342] In the attached diagrams, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Furthermore, various components of the same type may be distinguished by adding a dash and a second label that distinguishes similar components after the reference label. Where only the first reference label is used herein, its description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label, notwithstanding the second reference label.

[0343] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a wide variety of technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips, which may be referred to throughout this description, may be represented by voltage, electric current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0344] The various exemplary blocks and modules described in relation to the disclosure herein may be implemented or run using general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs or other programmable logic devices, individual gate or transistor logic, individual hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, a processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). In some examples, a processor may be implemented as multiple processors, and each processor in the multiple processors may be capable of performing a common set of operations, one or more sets of operations, or a combination thereof. For example, in order to perform the first and second operations, the first processor may be operable to perform the first operation, the second processor may be operable to perform the second operation, or the first processor may be operable to perform either the first or the second operation, and the second processor may be operable to perform either the first or the second operation.

[0345] Any function or operation described herein as being performable by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described function or operation individually or collectively. For example, the functions described herein may be performed by multiple processors, each given at least a subset of the described function as a task, and as a result, the multiple processors collectively perform all of the described function. Thus, the described function may be performed by a single processor or a group of processors working together (i.e., collectively) to perform the described function, with any one processor performing at least a subset of the described function.

[0346] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by at least one processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by at least one processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other embodiments and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the accompanying claims. For example, due to the nature of the software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by at least one processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. The features implementing those functions may also be physically arranged in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations. Furthermore, as used herein, including within the claims, "or" in an enumeration of items (e.g., an enumeration of items ending with a phrase such as "at least one of..." or "one or more of...") indicates a comprehensive enumeration, such as an enumeration of at least one of A, B, or C meaning A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" shall be interpreted in the same way as the phrase "based at least partially on."

[0347] Computer-readable media include both non-temporary computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one location to another. Non-temporary storage media can be any available media that may be accessed by a general-purpose computer or a dedicated computer. Examples, but not limited to, non-temporary computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-temporary media used to transport or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures, and which can be accessed by a general-purpose computer or a dedicated computer or a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. Furthermore, any connection may appropriately be referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of media. As used herein, disk and disc include CD, laserdisc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray® disc, where disk typically reproduces data magnetically, and disc optically reproduces data using a laser. Combinations of the above are also included in the scope of computer-readable media.

[0348] Any function or operation described herein as being performable by at least one memory may be performed by multiple memories, each capable of performing the described function or operation individually or collectively. For example, a function described herein may be performed by multiple memories, each given at least a subset of the described function as a task, and as a result, the multiple memories collectively perform all of the described function. Thus, a described function may be performed by a single memory or a group of memories working together (i.e., collectively) to perform the described function, with any one memory performing at least a subset of the described function.

[0349] The descriptions herein are provided to enable those skilled in the art to create or use this disclosure. Various modifications of this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other modifications without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Accordingly, this disclosure should be given the broadest scope that corresponds to the principles and novel features disclosed herein, and is not limited to the examples and designs described herein.

[0350] Where used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, where a claim describes a “component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of the components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” that has a particular characteristic or performs a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “it” or “” refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” is understood to mean “one or more components,” and thereafter, referring to “it component” in the claims is understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of one or more components.”

Claims

1. A first wireless device, One or more memory locations that store processor executable code, The first wireless device comprises one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating to execute the code individually or collectively, wherein the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. A second wireless device transmits a control signaling, the control signaling indicating a plurality of different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a plurality of spatial streams or a plurality of resource units, the control signaling indicating that each of the plurality of different MCSs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the plurality of resource units, In accordance with the control signaling, the second wireless device is made to transmit one or more first bits of the first service data unit to the first wireless device via the first spatial stream of the plurality of spatial streams, or via the first resource unit of the plurality of resource units, in accordance with the first MCS among the plurality of different MCSs. The first wireless device transmits one or more second bits of the first service data unit or the second service data unit to the second wireless device according to the second MCS among the plurality of different MCSs, via the second spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams or via the second resource unit among the plurality of resource units, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS.

2. The control signaling comprises a plurality of user information fields, Each of the user information fields indicates that each of the different MCSs is applied to each of the spatial streams or each of the resource units. The first wireless device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of user information fields comprises user identification information associated with the second wireless device.

3. The first wireless device according to claim 1, wherein the control signaling includes a single user-specific field indicating the second wireless device, the single user-specific field indicating that each of the plurality of different MCSs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the plurality of resource units.

4. The single user-specific field comprises a user information field having one or more bits, The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the first bit value of the one or more bits indicates that the user information field comprises a subfield indicating that each of the multiple different MCSs is applied to each of the multiple spatial streams or to each of the multiple resource units.

5. The amount of bits in the subfield corresponds to the amount of the plurality of spatial streams or the amount of the plurality of resource units, wherein the plurality of spatial streams are each divided into groups of spatial streams corresponding to each of the plurality of different MCSs, or the plurality of resource units are each divided into groups of resource units corresponding to each of the plurality of different MCSs, and the control signaling is, The size of each group of the spatial stream, or the size of each group of the resource units, The first wireless device according to claim 4, further indicating the amount of each group of the spatial stream or the amount of each group of the resource units.

6. The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the single user-specific field has a fixed size.

7. Each MCS corresponds to its respective spatial stream. Each spatial stream is ordered according to the non-ascending order of the respective code rates associated with the respective MCS, The single user-specific field indicates the first MCS for the first spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams, and the respective difference values ​​for each of the other spatial streams among the plurality of spatial streams. Each difference value indicates the MCS relative to the MCS associated with the adjacent stream. The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the first MCS is associated with the highest code rate or the lowest code rate among the respective MCSs.

8. Each MCS corresponds to its respective spatial stream. Each of the aforementioned spatial streams is grouped into one or more spatial stream subsets, The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the single user-specific field indicates a different MCS associated with each of the one or more spatial stream subsets.

9. The control signaling comprises a common field and a set of user information fields including the single user-specific field, and the one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the common field and each user information field are encoded according to their respective code blocks.

10. The control signaling comprises a set of user information fields including the single user-specific field, and the one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein each subset of the set of user information fields is encoded according to each code block, at least in part, based on the amount of bits in each user information field that satisfies a bit amount threshold, and the given subset of the set of user information fields has an amount of bits less than or equal to the size of the corresponding code block.

11. The first wireless device according to claim 3, wherein the bit size of the control signaling is at least partially based on the control signaling comprising the instructions of each MCS for each of the plurality of spatial streams or for each of the plurality of resource units.

12. The one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. The set of bits of the first service data unit is encoded according to the same code rate. The stream parser maps one or more of the first bits to the first spatial stream and one or more of the second bits to the second spatial stream. The amount of the first bit in the one or more first bits is proportional to the first modulation size of the first MCS. The first wireless device according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the second bit in the one or more second bits is proportional to the second modulation size of the second MCS.

13. The one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. The set of bits of the first service data unit is encoded according to the plurality of encoders associated with the plurality of spatial streams, The one or more first bits are encoded according to the first encoder among the plurality of encoders associated with the first spatial stream. The one or more second bits are encoded according to the second encoder among the plurality of encoders associated with the second spatial stream. The amount of the first bit in the one or more first bits is proportional to the first modulation size and the first code rate of the first MCS. The first wireless device according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the second bit in the one or more second bits is proportional to the second modulation size and the second code rate of the second MCS.

14. The first wireless device according to claim 13, wherein an MCS among the plurality of different MCSs having the same code rate is associated with the same encoder among the plurality of encoders.

15. A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, Transmitting a control signaling to a second wireless device, wherein the control signaling indicates a plurality of different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) applied to at least one of a plurality of spatial streams or a plurality of resource units, and the control signaling indicates that each of the plurality of different MCSs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams or to each of the plurality of resource units. Transmitting one or more first bits of a first service data unit to the second wireless device in accordance with the control signaling, in accordance with a first MCS among the plurality of different MCSs, via a first spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams, or via a first resource unit among the plurality of resource units; Transmitting one or more second bits of the first service data unit or the second service data unit to the second wireless device in accordance with the control signaling, via the second spatial stream of the plurality of spatial streams or via the second resource unit of the plurality of resource units, according to the second MCS of the plurality of different MCSs, wherein the first MCS is different from the second MCS. Methods that include...

16. A first wireless device, One or more memory locations that store processor executable code, The first wireless device comprises one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating to execute the code individually or collectively, wherein the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. A first wireless device causes a second wireless device to transmit a control signaling, the control signaling indicating a plurality of quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) applied to a plurality of spatial streams, the control signaling comprising an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the plurality of spatial streams, and indicating that each of the plurality of QAMs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams.

17. The one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. In accordance with the control signaling, and according to the first QAM among the plurality of QAMs, the second wireless device is instructed to transmit one or more first bits of a data packet via the first spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams. The first wireless device according to claim 16, which, in accordance with the control signaling, causes the second wireless device to transmit one or more second bits of the data packet via the second spatial stream of the plurality of spatial streams in accordance with the second QAM of the plurality of QAMs.

18. The first wireless device according to claim 17, wherein the control signaling comprises a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field indicating a first set of entries for one or more spatial streams associated with equal QAMs and a second set of entries for the multiple spatial streams associated with the indicators for the unequal QAMs.

19. The first wireless device according to claim 18, wherein the MCS field further indicates the amount of the plurality of spatial streams.

20. The indicator of the aforementioned unequal QAM is a set of bits contained within the MCS field of the user information field, The first wireless device according to claim 18, wherein the quantities of the plurality of spatial streams are indicated in a second field of the user information field.

21. The indicator of the unequal QAM is either a subfield of the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) field or a second field associated with the MCS field. The first value of the subfield indicates the unequal QAM across the plurality of spatial streams, and the second value of the subfield indicates equal QAM and equal MCS across the plurality of spatial streams. The first wireless device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of spatial streams are ordered according to the non-ascending channel quality associated with the plurality of spatial streams.

22. The MCS field comprises a set of bits associated with a set of unequal QAMs, at least in part on the indicator for the unequal QAMs having the first value, The first wireless device according to claim 21, wherein the set of bits represents the respective unequal QAM associated with each of the plurality of spatial streams.

23. The indicator of the unequal QAM is the first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses the MCS indicated by the MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and the first QAM among the plurality of QAMs, The indicator for the unequal QAMs is the first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses the first code rate and the second QAM among the plurality of QAMs, wherein the second QAM is one QAM level lower than the first QAM, the first wireless device according to claim 21.

24. The first wireless device transmits one or more third bits of the data packet according to the third spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams. The indicator for the unequal QAM is the first value indicating that the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream use the MCS indicated by the MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a first QAM level. The first wireless device according to claim 21, wherein the indicator for the unequal QAM indicates that the third spatial stream uses the first code rate and a second QAM level that is one level lower than the first QAM level.

25. The indicator of the unequal QAM is the first value indicating that the second spatial stream uses the MCS indicated by the MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and the second QAM among the plurality of QAMs, The first wireless device according to claim 21, wherein the indicator of the unequal QAM is a first value indicating that the first spatial stream uses the first code rate and the first QAM of the plurality of QAMs, the first QAM being one QAM level higher than the second QAM.

26. The first wireless device transmits one or more third bits of the data packet according to the third spatial stream among the plurality of spatial streams. The indicator of the unequal QAM is the first value indicating that the third spatial stream uses the MCS indicated by the MCS field, the MCS comprising a first code rate and a first QAM level. The first wireless device according to claim 21, wherein the indicator for the unequal QAM is the first value indicating that the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream each use the first code rate and a second QAM level that is one level higher than the first QAM level.

27. The one or more processors are further operable to execute the code individually or collectively, and the code is transmitted to the first wireless device. The first wireless device according to claim 17, which causes a single spatial stream instruction to be transmitted, at least partially on the basis that a long-term signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value is lower than a long-term SNR threshold, or at least partially on the basis that a short-term SNR value is lower than a short-term SNR threshold.

28. The long-term signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value is greater than the first long-term SNR threshold and lower than the second long-term SNR threshold, or The first wireless device according to claim 17, wherein the short-term SNR value is greater than a first short-term SNR threshold and lower than a second short-term SNR threshold.

29. The first wireless device according to claim 28, wherein the first QAM of the first spatial stream is equal to the second QAM of the second spatial stream, at least in part based on an SNR gap value between the first spatial stream and the second spatial stream that is below a first SNR gap threshold.

30. A method for wireless communication in a first wireless device, A method comprising transmitting a control signaling to a second wireless device, wherein the control signaling indicates a plurality of quadrature amplitude modulations (QAMs) applied to a plurality of spatial streams, the control signaling includes an indicator that unequal QAMs are applied across the plurality of spatial streams, and indicating that each of the plurality of QAMs is applied to each of the plurality of spatial streams.

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