Blended liquid formulation for continuous production of biodegradable polymers

Abstract

Embodiments of this disclosure relate to blended liquid biodegradable textile additives. The additives include caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and antioxidants. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additives are compounded and transported in liquid additive containers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to Related Applications

[0001] This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 472,093, filed on June 9, 2023, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

[0002]

[0002] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to biodegradable polymer compositions suitable for textiles, and more particularly, to blended liquid formulations of biodegradable polymer compositions.

Background Art

[0003]

[0003] Textiles are essential to human culture and have been manufactured and used for thousands of years. The oldest known textiles were woven from natural fibers such as linen, wool, silk, and cotton. More recently, textile fibers, yarns, and fabrics have also been industrially produced from polymers such as polyester, nylon, olefin, other thermoplastic polymers, and combinations thereof. Many modern polymers are attractive, durable, and water - resistant and can be manufactured into almost an infinite variety of shapes and products. In many cases, these synthetic fibers or yarns (depending on the desired technique and end - product) can be blended with natural fibers to obtain end - products having desired characteristics of both natural and synthetic materials, such as durability and water - resistance.

[0004]

[0004] While durability and water resistance are desirable, these same properties can lead to secondary environmental problems. Textiles produced from polymeric fibers do not biodegrade naturally like natural fibers and can remain in landfills and water (e.g., lakes, oceans, etc.) for hundreds of years or more. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, nearly 19,958 tons (44 million pounds) of synthetic (polymeric) textiles are routinely sent to landfills. In addition, the majority of microfibers released from clothing during the washing cycle are trapped in sludge at wastewater treatment plants. The sludge is eventually sent to landfills or turned into biosolids used as fertilizer. These polymeric microfibers then accumulate in soil or other surface environments, and can even become mobile, eventually moving from land to aquatic environments. According to some estimates, approximately 500,000 tons of plastic microfibers resulting from textile washing are released into the ocean annually. Certain high-surface-area microfibers can absorb large amounts of toxic loads, resembling microplankton, and thus bioaccumulate in the food chain on an unprecedented scale. Consequently, since humans typically consume top-level predators, such microfiber contamination can have adverse effects on human health.

[0005]

[0005] As an additional problem, items such as carpets and interior decorating items (both residential and commercial) are bulkier than clothing, typically incorporating larger and bulkier threads, and therefore can occupy a significant amount of landfill space.

[0006]

[0006] In the context of nonwoven fabrics, all types of "wet wipes" that are now widely used (typically nonwoven sheets or multi-layered sheets) also take up a considerable amount of space and, even if they are considered "flushable," may have a tendency to clog municipal sewer systems, especially considering the increasing use of low-water-volume, low-flow toilets.

[0007]

[0007] In light of these environmental problems, the production of biodegradable polymers has been a subject of strong academic and industrial interest.

[0008] Currently available biodegradable fibers present various further challenges in their production. Typically, the masterbatch method is used to form biodegradable polymers. In this case, the biodegradable polymer can be supplied via an extruder or a continuous polymerization line. However, masterbatches and extrusions are costly and require additional compounding, drying, and crystallization processes. Furthermore, polycaprolactone (6400 Mw), a known biodegradable polymer in pellet form, is well-suited to the masterbatch method, but is more difficult to use in a continuous polymerization process.

[0008]

[0009] Furthermore, transporting the materials that form biodegradable polymers is difficult from the standpoint of both bulkiness and cost. All materials must be transported separately and then combined during the continuous polymerization process. Biodegradable fiber manufacturers must obtain each material individually, whether from the same supplier or from different suppliers. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009]

[0010] Therefore, there is a need for biodegradable polymers suitable for forming textiles having desirable properties similar to traditional textiles, which can be formed by continuous production (e.g., continuous polymerization) rather than masterbatch production, and which can be formulated to improve ease of transport. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010]

[0011] One or more embodiments of the present invention may address one or more of the aforementioned problems. Certain embodiments of the present invention provide additives, systems, methods, and kits for forming biodegradable textiles. In particular, according to a first embodiment, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. The additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and an antioxidant.

[0011]

[0012] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0012]

[0013] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0013]

[0014] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0014]

[0015] According to certain embodiments, a biodegradable textile composition may be provided. The biodegradable textile composition may comprise terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, and polybutylene succinate. In some embodiments, the composition may comprise 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the composition may comprise 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

[0015]

[0016] According to certain embodiments, biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments produced from a biodegradable textile composition may be provided.

[0017] According to certain embodiments, textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments manufactured from biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments may be provided.

[0016]

[0018] According to certain embodiments, textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided, which are manufactured from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments.

[0017]

[0019] According to certain embodiments, a fabric may be provided that is manufactured from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers. In some embodiments, the fabric may be woven. In certain embodiments, the fabric may be knitted. In further embodiments, the fabric may be nonwoven.

[0018]

[0020] According to a particular embodiment, clothing made from fabric may be provided.

[0021] According to certain embodiments, a fabric made from biodegradable polyester filaments may be provided.

[0019]

[0022] In another embodiment, a system for transporting a blended biodegradable textile additive is provided. The system comprises a liquid additive container and a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive disposed within the liquid additive container. The additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and an antioxidant.

[0020]

[0023] In certain embodiments, the liquid additive container may include a plastic container having an open end, a steel cage housing the plastic container, a removable lid coupled to the open end of the plastic container, and a valve positioned on the wall of the plastic container and configured to release a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from the plastic container. The lid may have an outward-facing surface and an inward-facing surface, and a propeller may be positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid. In some embodiments, the valve may be a ball valve. In certain embodiments, the liquid additive container may be mounted on a pallet. In further embodiments, the pallet may be made of plastic.

[0021]

[0024] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0022]

[0025] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0023]

[0026] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindered or partially sterically hindered.

[0024]

[0027] In yet another aspect, a method of transporting a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. The method includes forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container having a lid and a propeller disposed on a surface facing the inside of the lid, placing the liquid additive container containing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive on a transport vehicle, and stirring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive with the propeller during transportation. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive includes a caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and an antioxidant.

[0025]

[0028] According to certain embodiments, the step of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may include blending a caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and an antioxidant while stirring. In some embodiments, the step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the liquid additive container may include pumping the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive into the liquid additive container.

[0026]

[0029] According to certain embodiments, the additive may include 50 - 80 wt% of a caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the additive may include 15 - 25 wt% of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the additive may include 0.4 - 2 wt% of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the additive may include 0.01 - 1 wt% of an antioxidant.

[0027]

[0030] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0028]

[0031] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0029]

[0032] In another embodiment, a method for spinning a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament is provided. The method comprises the steps of: esterifying a raw material containing terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to form an esterified mixture; adding a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterified mixture; polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterified mixture to form a polymerized mixture; combining polybutylene succinate with the raw material, the esterified mixture, or the polymerized mixture such that a biodegradable polyester copolymer melt is formed after the polymerization step; and spinning the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt into a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive includes caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and an antioxidant.

[0030]

[0033] In certain embodiments, the method may further include the step of extruding polybutylene succinate to form an extruded polybutylene succinate to be combined with an esterification mixture or polymerization mixture. In some embodiments, the step of adding the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture may include the step of metering and dispensing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from a liquid additive container. In certain embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture may be carried out in a continuous polymerization line. In other embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture may be carried out in a batch reactor. In some embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out at a temperature between about 265°C and about 295°C.

[0031]

[0034] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant. In some embodiments, the composition may contain 800-10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the composition may contain 0.4-1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

[0032]

[0035] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0033]

[0036] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0034]

[0037] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments may be provided.

[0038] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. The method may include the step of textured a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament.

[0035]

[0039] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided. The method may include the step of cutting a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers.

[0036]

[0040] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming textured biodegradable polyester chips may be provided. The method may include the step of granulating textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments to form textured biodegradable polyester chips.

[0037]

[0041] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester container may be provided. The method may include the step of blow-molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester container.

[0038]

[0042] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material may be provided. The method may include the step of blow-molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material.

[0039]

[0043] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer yarn may be provided. The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form a yarn.

[0040]

[0044] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer blended yarn may be provided. The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers with one or more cotton fibers and rayon fibers to form a blended yarn.

[0041]

[0045] In certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided. In some embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of knitting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric. In other embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of weaving the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric. In further embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of forming a nonwoven fabric. In certain embodiments, a method for forming a garment from the fabric is provided.

[0042]

[0046] In another embodiment, a kit for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments is provided. The kit includes a liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, polybutylene succinate, terephthalic acid, and ethylene glycol. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive contains caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and antioxidants.

[0043]

[0047] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0044]

[0048] In a particular embodiment, the kit may contain 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate. In a further embodiment, the kit may contain 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of additives.

[0045]

[0049] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0046]

[0050] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0047]

[0051] In another embodiment, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. The additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and an antioxidant.

[0048]

[0052] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0049]

[0053] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0050]

[0054] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0051]

[0055] According to certain embodiments, a biodegradable textile composition may be provided. The biodegradable textile composition may comprise terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, and a solid additive. The solid additive may comprise polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the solid additive may comprise 91-94% by weight of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the solid additive may comprise 6-9% by weight of calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the composition may comprise 0.4-1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In further embodiments, the composition may comprise 0.1-1.5% by weight of a solid additive.

[0052]

[0056] According to certain embodiments, biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments produced from a biodegradable textile composition may be provided.

[0057] According to certain embodiments, textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments manufactured from biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments may be provided.

[0053]

[0058] According to certain embodiments, textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided, which are manufactured from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments.

[0054]

[0059] According to certain embodiments, a fabric may be provided that is manufactured from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers. In some embodiments, the fabric may be woven. In certain embodiments, the fabric may be knitted. In further embodiments, the fabric may be nonwoven.

[0055]

[0060] According to a particular embodiment, clothing made from fabric may be provided.

[0061] According to certain embodiments, a fabric made from biodegradable polyester filaments may be provided.

[0056]

[0062] In another embodiment, a system for transporting a blended biodegradable textile additive is provided. The system comprises a liquid additive container and a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive disposed within the liquid additive container. The additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and an antioxidant.

[0057]

[0063] In certain embodiments, the liquid additive container may include a plastic container having an open end, a steel cage housing the plastic container, a removable lid coupled to the open end of the plastic container, and a valve positioned on the wall of the plastic container and configured to release a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from the plastic container. The lid may have an outward-facing surface and an inward-facing surface, and a propeller may be positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid. In some embodiments, the valve may be a ball valve. In certain embodiments, the liquid additive container may be mounted on a pallet. In further embodiments, the pallet may be made of plastic.

[0058]

[0064] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0059]

[0065] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0060]

[0066] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0061]

[0067] In another embodiment, a method for transporting a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. The method includes the steps of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive; transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container having a lid and a propeller positioned on the inward-facing side of the lid; placing the liquid additive container containing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive on a transport vehicle; and agitating the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive with the propeller during transport. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and an antioxidant.

[0062]

[0068] In certain embodiments, the step of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may include the step of blending caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and an antioxidant with stirring. In some embodiments, the step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container may include the step of pumping the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive into the liquid additive container.

[0063]

[0069] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0064]

[0070] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0065]

[0071] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0066]

[0072] In another embodiment, a method for spinning a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament is provided. The method comprises the steps of: esterifying a raw material containing terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to form an esterified mixture; adding a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterified mixture; polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterified mixture to form a polymerized mixture; combining a solid additive with the raw material, the esterified mixture, or the polymerized mixture such that a biodegradable polyester copolymer melt is formed after the polymerization step; and spinning the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt into a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and an antioxidant. The solid additive comprises polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate.

[0067]

[0073] According to certain embodiments, the method may further include the step of extruding a solid additive to form an extruded solid additive which will be combined with an esterification mixture or polymerization mixture. In some embodiments, the step of adding a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to an esterification mixture may include the step of metering and dispensing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from a liquid additive container. In certain embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture may be carried out in a continuous polymerization line. In other embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture may be carried out in a batch reactor. In some embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out at a temperature between about 265°C and about 295°C.

[0068]

[0074] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant. In some embodiments, the solid additive may contain 91-94% by weight of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the solid additive may contain 6-9% by weight of calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the composition may contain 0.4-1.2% by weight of the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In further embodiments, the composition may contain 0.1-1.5% by weight of the solid additive.

[0069]

[0075] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0070]

[0076] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0071]

[0077] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments may be provided.

[0078] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. The method may include the step of textured a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament.

[0072]

[0079] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided. The method may include the step of cutting a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers.

[0073]

[0080] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming textured biodegradable polyester chips may be provided. The method may include the step of granulating textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments to form textured biodegradable polyester chips.

[0074]

[0081] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester container may be provided. The method may include the step of blow-molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester container.

[0075]

[0082] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material may be provided. The method may include the step of blow-molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material.

[0076]

[0083] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer yarn may be provided. The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form a yarn.

[0077]

[0084] According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer blend yarn may be provided. The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers with one or more cotton fibers and rayon fibers to form a blend yarn.

[0078]

[0085] In certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided. In some embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of knitting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric. In other embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of weaving the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric. In further embodiments, the step of forming the fabric may include the step of forming a nonwoven fabric. In certain embodiments, a method for forming a garment from the fabric is provided.

[0079]

[0086] In another embodiment, a kit for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments is provided. The kit includes a liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, a solid additive, terephthalic acid, and ethylene glycol. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive contains caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and antioxidants. The solid additive contains polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate.

[0080]

[0087] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4-2% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0081]

[0088] In certain embodiments, the solid additive may comprise 91–94% by weight of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the solid additive may comprise 6–9% by weight of calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the kit may comprise 0.4–1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In further embodiments, the kit may comprise 0.1–1.5% by weight of the solid additive.

[0082]

[0089] According to certain embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

[0083]

[0090] According to certain embodiments, the antioxidant may include a phenolic antioxidant. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidant may be sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

[0084]

[0091] Having thus given a general overview of the present invention, please refer now to the attached drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to a fixed scale. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0085] [Figure 1]

[0092] This figure shows a liquid additive container according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2]

[0093] This figure shows a liquid additive container according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3A]

[0094] Figures 3A and 3B are graphs showing the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5210 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3B] Figures 3A and 3B are graphs showing the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5210 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4A]

[0095] Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C are graphs showing the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5511 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4B] Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C are graphs showing the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5511 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4C] Figures 4A, 4B, and 4C are graphs showing the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5511 according to a particular embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5]

[0096] This graph shows the biodegradation of textiles under ASTM D5988 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0086]

[0097] From here, embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings show some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. In fact, the present invention can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather these embodiments are provided to satisfy the legal requirements to which the present disclosure is applicable. Throughout, similar numbers refer to similar elements. In this specification and in the accompanying claims, unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise, the singular “a,” “an,” and “the” refer to multiple subjects.

[0087]

[0098] As described herein, this disclosure describes fibers that have desirable properties similar to traditional fibers, are biodegradable, and can be formed by continuous production rather than masterbatch production. More specifically, biodegradable polyester (polyethylene terephthalate or PET) fibers are disclosed. Further disclosed are the components of these fibers configured for simplified bulk transport.

[0088]

[0099] Therefore, biodegradable polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) fibers are described. Typically, a masterbatch method using an extruder process is used to form biodegradable polymers. However, masterbatches are costly and require additional compounding, drying, and crystallization steps, and are therefore not widely adopted, and biodegradable fibers are not widely available at an affordable price range. Continuous polymerization processes are more economical for the synthesis of polyesters; however, polycaprolactone, a known biodegradable polymer, is in pellet form and is well suited to the masterbatch method, but is not well suited for use in continuous polymerization processes.

[0089]

[0100] To overcome these challenges, this disclosure incorporates caprolactone monomer, a transparent liquid, into polyester in a continuous polymerization process. Caprolactone monomer is a precursor of polycaprolactone, is biodegradable in the natural environment, and imparts other desirable properties to the fiber, such as dye enhancement. Compared to masterbatch methods, which limit production throughput to approximately 907.18–1814.37 kilograms (2,000–4,000 pounds) per extruder per hour, the use of caprolactone monomer in conventional continuous polymerization lines results in high throughput at low cost, with output exceeding 13,607.77 kilograms (30,000 pounds) per hour, or in some cases approximately 18,143.70 kilograms (40,000 pounds) per hour, or even more than 27,215.54–40,823.31 kilograms (60,000–90,000 pounds) per hour. Thus, by utilizing the formulations disclosed herein, a carrier polymer is not required, and by a continuous polymerization process, three times the amount of fiber achieved by a masterbatch process can be achieved by the end of the process, while significantly reducing both material and process costs.

[0090]

[0101] Furthermore, caprolactone monomers are almost completely consumed or nearly completely consumed (e.g., values ​​below 200 ppm).

[0102] To produce the biodegradable polymers of this disclosure, terephthalic acid (or purified terephthalic acid or PTA) and ethylene glycol (or monoethylene glycol or MEG) are reacted in an esterification reaction under heating to produce monomers and oligomers of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and water as a byproduct. The esterification reaction may be carried out in one or more tanks, and in some embodiments, two tanks are used, each being an esterification apparatus. A pressure gradient is conventionally used to drive the continuous polymerization process. Additionally, pumps may be used to drive the process. To allow the esterification reaction to be essentially completed, water and MEG are continuously removed. Subsequently, the monomers and oligomers formed by esterification are catalytically polymerized by polycondensation to form polyethylene terephthalate (or PET) polyester. The polycondensation reaction may be carried out in one or more tanks, each being a polymerization apparatus. In some embodiments, two tanks are used, such as a low polymerizer under low vacuum and a high polymerizer under high vacuum, as known in the art.

[0091]

[0103] Polymerization continues until the desired molar weight of polyester terephthalate is achieved. The residence time in the polymerization vessel and the rate at which ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid are supplied to the continuous process are determined in part based on the target molecular weight of the polyester. Since the molecular weight can be determined by the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer melt, the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer melt is commonly used to determine polymerization conditions such as temperature, pressure, rate of reaction supply, and residence time in the polymerization vessel.

[0092]

[0104] Once the polycondensation stage is complete, the polymer molten material may be filtered and extruded. After extrusion, the polyethylene terephthalate is rapidly cooled by spraying water or the like to solidify the polyester. For storage and handling purposes, the solidified polyethylene terephthalate may be cut into chips.

[0093]

[0105] In some embodiments, the polyester produced by the method is spun into a filament using conventional techniques known in the art.

[0106] In some embodiments, the polyester produced by the method may be blow-molded into packaging and other products.

[0094]

[0107] In some embodiments, the filaments produced by the method are textured and cut into staple fibers. Textured processing is well understood in the art and will not be described in detail, but it should be noted that compositions of the present invention have to date produced filaments that can be textured using conventional processes (e.g., heat-setting in a twisted position).

[0095]

[0108] In some embodiments, the staple fibers produced by the method are spun into yarn.

[0109] In some embodiments, the staple fibers may be formed into a nonwoven fabric.

[0096]

[0110] In some embodiments, staple fibers are spun into blended yarns with cotton or rayon. The yarns may then be used to form a fabric that can be used to produce textiles such as clothing. The fabric may be woven or knitted, and such fabrics are used to produce textiles and clothing. Similarly, nonwoven fabrics may be used to produce clothing and other textiles, etc.

[0097]

[0111] The resulting fibers, filaments, fabrics, and containers are biodegradable in waste landfill environments, marine environments, sewage sludge, seawater and freshwater, and in other natural and non-natural environments, including those containing microorganisms. The biodegradation timescale in exemplary embodiments is equivalent to that of natural fibers. In some embodiments, the degradation of the fibers or fabrics of this disclosure is substantially or largely completed in 3 to 4 years. In some or other embodiments, the degradation of the fibers or fabrics of this disclosure is substantially or largely completed in less than 3 years. Thus, the use of the fibers, filaments, fabrics, and containers described herein can significantly reduce the amount of plastic microfibers in the environment through biodegradation.

[0098]

[0112] Caprolactone monomer and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are added during the esterification and polycondensation reactions described above. In some embodiments, the caprolactone monomer and calcium carbonate may be added directly to the tank containing the condensation product, for example, to a low polymerization apparatus. In some embodiments, the caprolactone monomer and calcium carbonate may be added to the transfer line between the esterification apparatus and the polymerization apparatus. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) may be added simultaneously or subsequently. The reaction typically proceeds at about 280°C (e.g., between about 265°C and 295°C). The caprolactone monomer, together with PBS and calcium carbonate, is incorporated into the polyester fibers to form a biodegradable polyester material. Microorganisms digest the resulting fibers containing polycaprolactone, PBS, and calcium carbonate, breaking down the polymer chains and allowing the fibers to biodegrade.

[0099]

[0113] This invention is not limited by the mechanism by which calcium carbonate acts, and the inventors do not wish to be bound by any particular theory, however, the following assumptions seem reasonable: The presence of fine inorganic particles of calcium carbonate mixed in a homogeneous organic polymer matrix introduces numerous nucleation sites for biodegradation. This calcium carbonate is added simultaneously with other biodegradable components, so that the nucleation sites are in close proximity to these components. Calcium ions may play an important role in bacterial growth. Calcium-binding proteins present in bacteria may assist in signal transduction and aid in the important process of positive chemotaxis, in which bacteria move to higher concentrations of chemicals.

[0100]

[0114] According to this assumption, the hydrolysis of ester bonds by anaerobic bacteria, which breaks down polymers into monomers and oligomers, is accelerated by the presence of dispersed calcium carbonate. Furthermore, the presence of carbon dioxide and metabolic byproducts can increase the solubility of calcium carbonate present in the polymer matrix.

[0101]

[0115] Another mechanism in which calcium and calcium-binding proteins in bacteria can play a crucial role is in quorum sensing, i.e., bacterial communication mechanisms optimized for population growth. Individual bacteria work to create hydrogels composed of bacteria and extracellular macromolecules that form a cooperatively functioning community. This macroscopic structure enhances bacterial activity and helps lead to the biodegradation of polymers according to the present invention, particularly high-surface-area microfibers that can be incorporated into such hydrogels.

[0102] definition

[0116] As used herein, the term “biodegradable” means a material that, assuming suitable natural conditions and the presence of microorganisms, will decompose significantly faster than non-biodegradable materials or break down into its basic components and return to the soil and mix with it. For the purposes of this disclosure, non-biodegradable polymers decompose by less than 10% after 266 days according to ASTM D-5511 testing.

[0103]

[0117] The term "polymer" refers to large molecules containing many repeating units (molecular weights exceeding 100 daltons, typically several thousand daltons).

[0118] "Textile" is a type of material composed of natural and / or synthetic fibers, filaments, or yarns, which may be knitted, woven, or nonwoven.

[0104]

[0119] The term “nonwoven fabric” is well understood by those skilled in the art and is used herein in accordance with such understanding, including the definition in Tortora, Phyllis G., and Robert S. Merkel. Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles. 7th edition. New York, NY: Fairchild Publications, 2009, page 387. Thus, a nonwoven fabric is “a textile structure produced by the bonding or entanglement of fibers, or both, and achieved by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent means, and combinations thereof.” Exemplary methods for forming the basic web include carding of fibers, air laying, and wet forming. These webs can be fixed or bonded by the use of adhesives containing low-melting-point fibers scattered between the webs, thermal bonding for a suitable thermoplastic polymer, needle punching, spunlacing (water flow entanglement), and spunbonding methods.

[0105]

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that in textile technology, the word “spinning” has two different definitions, both of which are evident in the context. In the formation of synthetic filaments, the term “spinning” refers to the step of extruding a molten polymer into a filament. In the context of natural fibers, or staple fibers cut from textured synthetic filaments, the term “spinning” is used in its most historical sense (dating back to antiquity) to twist the filaments into a bundled yarn structure from which a fabric can be woven.

[0106]

[0121] The fibers, yarns, and fabrics of the present invention can be characterized by their physical properties, such as by ASTM and / or AATCC tests as described in the examples. For example, the fibers, yarns, and fabrics can be defined by the degree of degradation by ASTM testing, based on the mass percentage of the biodegradable agent in the fiber. The molecular composition of precursors, intermediates, and final products can be determined by conventional methods such as gel permeation chromatography, more preferably gradient analysis of polymer blends.

[0107]

[0122] The ASTM and AATCC test protocols are considered industry standards. These protocols typically do not change significantly over time; however, if any questions arise regarding the dates of these standards not specified herein, the standards that came into effect in April 2023 should be chosen.

[0108]

[0123] As used herein, in the context of synthetic fibers and their manufacture, the term “intrinsic viscosity” is used to describe a characteristic that is directly proportional to the average molecular weight of the polymer. Intrinsic viscosity is calculated based on the viscosity of a polymer solution (in a solvent) extrapolated to zero concentration.

[0109]

[0124] In textile technology, the term “textured” is used in both a broad and narrow sense. In its broadest sense, textured is used as a synonym for a step in which a synthetic filament, staple fiber, or yarn is mechanically, thermally, or both treated to have a larger volume than the untreated filament, staple, or yarn. In a narrower sense, the term textured is used to refer to a process that produces loop formation and curl formation. The meaning is generally clear from the context. As used herein, the word “textured” is used in a broad sense to include all possibilities for producing a desired effect in a filament, staple fiber, or yarn.

[0110]

[0125] When "between" is used to represent a range of numbers, the range includes both ends of the range being used. For example, "between approximately 10% and approximately 13%" includes both 10% and 13%, as well as all numbers between 10% and 13%.

[0111]

[0126] As used herein, “percent” or “%” means weight percentage unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, concentration and proportion refer to the concentration or proportion in the finished copolymer unless otherwise stated.

[0112] Blended liquid biodegradable textile additive

[0127] According to certain embodiments, the present invention includes additives, systems, methods, and kits for forming biodegradable textiles. In particular, according to a first embodiment, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. In some embodiments, the additive comprises caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and antioxidants. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may be formulated for transport in liquid additive containers described herein, due to its ease of handling, pre-distributed and convenient nature, so that the liquid components can be shipped anywhere in the world.

[0113]

[0128] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain about 50–80% by weight of caprolactone monomer (e.g., Ingevity Capa® monomer). For example, in some embodiments, the additive may contain about 60–80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In further embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 70–80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In certain embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 75% by weight of caprolactone monomer. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the additive may include at least: any of the following by weight: about 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, and 79%, and / or at most about 80, 79, 78, 77, 76, 75, 74, 73, 72, 71, 70, 69, 68, 67, 66, 65, 64, 63, 62, 61, 60, 59, 58, 57, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, and 51% by weight of caprolactone monomers (e.g., about 69–77% by weight, about 52–79% by weight, etc.).

[0114]

[0129] In some embodiments, the additive may contain about 15–25% by weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG). For example, in a particular embodiment, the additive may contain about 20–25% by weight of PEG. In further embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 21–24% by weight of PEG. In some embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 22% by weight of PEG. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the additive may contain at least: any of about 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24% by weight of PEG, and / or at most about 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 17, and 16% by weight of PEG (e.g., about 16–24% by weight, about 22–25% by weight, etc.). According to a particular embodiment, the polyethylene glycol may include low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. Without being intended to be limited by theory, the low molecular weight polyethylene glycol may be liquid at room temperature (including higher room temperature in the case of PEG800). In some embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800). In further embodiments, the polyethylene glycol may include polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) (Brenntag).

[0115]

[0130] In certain embodiments, the additive may contain about 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate. For example, in some embodiments, the additive may contain about 0.8 to 1.8% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 1 to 1.6% by weight of calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 1.5% by weight of calcium carbonate. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the additive may contain at least one of the following by weight: about 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9%, and / or at most about 2, 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, and 0.5% by weight of calcium carbonate (e.g., about 0.7–1.8% by weight, about 1.4–2% by weight, etc.).

[0116]

[0131] The composition of the present invention may use fine calcium carbonate powder. The powder may have a mass-average particle size of 15 μm (microns) or less, 10 μm or less, and in some embodiments, 7 μm or less, and may have a mass-average particle size in the range of 0.1 to 10 μm, or 1 to 8 μm, or 5 to 8 μm. As is conventional, the particle size can be measured by commercially available photographic analysis equipment or other conventional means. The calcium carbonate powder is at least 0.5 square meters (m²) per gram. 2 In some cases, the amount of / g is at least 1.0m 2 / g, in some embodiments, 0.5 to 10m 2 It has a surface area between / g. As is conventional, the surface area can be determined by methods based on the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory, such as the ISO 9277 standard for calculating the specific surface area of ​​a solid.

[0117]

[0132] Calcium carbonate particles may be ground to a size useful for additives. Functionally speaking, the ground particles can be as small as possible, and very small particles do not present any disadvantages.

[0118]

[0133] However, the upper limit of particle size is partially defined by denier, which is the term generally used to describe diameter. In those terms, particle sizes exceeding approximately 10% of the filament diameter are far more likely to result in breakage at all phases of production and use; therefore, the average calcium carbonate particle size should be 10% or less of the diameter of the extruded filament, and the maximum particle size should be 20% or less of the diameter of the extruded filament. For example, for fine denier fibers, calcium carbonate particles may have a particle size of approximately 1 to 1.5 μm, while for thicker denier fibers, calcium carbonate particles may have a particle size of approximately 2 to 4 μm.

[0119]

[0134] As mentioned above, the lower limit is not very important; the main considerations are the increased difficulty and cost of producing even smaller particles.

[0135] Therefore, as a practical example, if a 1-denier (1D) polyester fiber has a diameter of 10 μm (microns), then the diameter of calcium carbonate particles should not exceed approximately 1 μm. A person skilled in the art can select a reasonable particle size based on this approximately 10% relationship.

[0120]

[0136] In further embodiments, the additive may contain about 0.01 to 1% by weight of antioxidant. For example, in some embodiments, the additive may contain about 0.6 to 0.8% by weight of antioxidant. In further embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 0.75 to 0.8% by weight of antioxidant. In certain embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 0.77% by weight of antioxidant. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the additive is at least: about 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, 0.31, 0.32, 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.38, 0.39, 0.4, 0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.44, 0.45, 0.46, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, 0.54, 0.55, 0.56, 0.57, 0.58, 0.59, 0.6, 0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 0.67, 0.68, 0.69, 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, 0.76, 0.77 , 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, and 0.99% by weight, and / or at most about 1, 0.99, 0.98, 0.97, 0.96, 0.95, 0.94, 0.93, 0.92, 0.91, 0.9, 0.89, 0.88, 0.87, 0.8 6, 0.85, 0.84, 0.83, 0.82, 0.81, 0.8, 0.79, 0.78, 0.77, 0.76, 0.75, 0.74, 0.73, 0.72, 0.71, 0.7, 0.69, 0.68, 0.67, 0.66, 0.65, 0.64, 0.63, 0.62, 0.61, 0.6, 0.59, 0.58, 0.57, 0.56, 0.55, 0.54, 0.53, 0.52, 0.51, 0.5, 0.49, 0.48, 0.47, 0.46, 0.45, 0.44, 0.43, 0.42, 0.41, 0.4, 0.39, 0.38, 0.37, 0.36, 0.35, 0.34, 0.33, 0.32, 0.31, 0.3, 0.29, 0.28, 0.27, 0.26, 0.25, 0.24, 0.23, 0.22, 0.21, 0.2, 0.19, 0.18, 0 The mixture may contain antioxidants in amounts of 0.17, 0.16, 0.15, 0.14, 0.13, 0.12, 0.11, 0.1, 0.09, 0.08, 0.07, 0.06, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, and 0.02 wt% (e.g., about 0.55–0.93 wt%, about 0.72–0.78 wt%, etc.). According to certain embodiments, the antioxidants may include phenolic antioxidants. In some embodiments, the phenolic antioxidants may be sterically hindered (e.g., BASF Irganox® 1010) or partially sterically hindered (e.g., Mayzo® BNX245). The antioxidants may be included to prevent oxidation of polyethylene glycol.

[0121]

[0137] In other embodiments, calcium carbonate may not be included in the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, but instead may be added together with polybutylene succinate in the solid additive, as will be described in more detail below. Alternatively, calcium carbonate may be replaced with ethylene glycol in the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In this way, ethylene glycol may dissolve the antioxidant so that the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive becomes a clear liquid. Since the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is a well-blended clear liquid, it does not need to be constantly stirred after the initial mixing and during transport.

[0122]

[0138] In such embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 50-80% by weight of caprolactone monomer. In some embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 15-25% by weight of polyethylene glycol. In further embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.01-1% by weight of an antioxidant.

[0123]

[0139] In certain embodiments, the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may contain 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol. For example, in some embodiments, the additive may contain about 0.8 to 1.8% by weight of ethylene glycol. In further embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 1 to 1.6% by weight of ethylene glycol. In some embodiments, for example, the additive may contain about 1.5% by weight of ethylene glycol. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the additive may include at least one of the following by weight: about 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9% of ethylene glycol (e.g., about 0.7–1.8% by weight, about 1.4–2% by weight, etc.).

[0124] Biodegradable textile composition and method

[0140] According to certain embodiments, a biodegradable textile composition may be provided. The biodegradable textile composition may comprise terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, and polybutylene succinate.

[0125]

[0141] In some embodiments, the composition may contain about 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate (PBS). For example, in a particular embodiment, the composition may contain about 1,000 to 1,500 ppm of PBS. In further embodiments, for example, the composition may contain about 1,000 to 1,200 ppm of PBS. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the composition is at least: about 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100, 3200, 3300, 3400, 3500, 3600, 3700, 3800, 3900, 4000, 4100, 4200, 4300, 4400, 4500, 4600, 4700, 4800, 4900, 5000, 5100, 5200, 5300, Any of 5400, 5500, 5600, 5700, 5800, 5900, 6000, 6100, 6200, 6300, 6400, 6500, 6600, 6700, 6800, 6900, 7000, 7100, 7200, 7300, 7400, 7500, 7600, 7700, 7800, 7900, 8000, 8100, 8200, 8300, 8400, 8500, 8600, 8700, 8800, 8900, 9000, 9100, 9200, 9300, 9400, 9500, 9600, 9700, 9800, and 9900 ppm, and / or at most about 10,000, 9900, 9800, 9700, 9600, 9500, 9400, 9300, 9200, 9100, 9000, 8900, 8800, 8700, 8600, 8500, 8400, 8300, 8200, 8100, 8000, 7900, 7800, 7700, 7600, 750 0, 7400, 7300, 7200, 7100, 7000, 6900, 6800, 6700, 6600, 6500, 6400, 6300, 6200, 6100, 6000, 5900, 5800, 5700, 5600, 5500, 5400, 5300, 5200, 5100, 5000, It may also include PBS at concentrations of 4900, 4800, 4700, 4600, 4500, 4400, 4300, 4200, 4100, 4000, 3900, 3800, 3700, 3600, 3500, 3400, 3300, 3200, 3100, 3000, 2900, 2800, 2700, 2600, 2500, 2400, 2300, 2200, 2100, 2000, 1900, 1800, 1700, 1600, 1500, 1400, 1300, 1200, 1100, 1000, and 900 ppm (for example, approximately 1000-7000 ppm, approximately 900-1300 ppm, etc.).

[0126]

[0142] In further embodiments, the composition may contain about 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. For example, in some embodiments, the composition may contain about 0.6 to 0.8% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In certain embodiments, for example, the composition may contain about 0.6 to 0.7% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In further embodiments, for example, the composition may contain about 0.65% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the composition may contain at least one of the following by weight: about 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1, and 1.15%, and / or at most about 1.2, 1.15, 1.1, 1.05, 1, 0.95, 0.9, 0.85, 0.8, 0.75, 0.7, 0.65, 0.6, 0.55, 0.5, and 0.45% by weight of additives (e.g., about 0.6–0.9% by weight, about 0.65–0.85% by weight, etc.).

[0127]

[0143] In other embodiments, the biodegradable textile composition may include terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, and a solid additive. The solid additive may include polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate.

[0128]

[0144] In certain embodiments, the solid additive may contain 91-94% by weight of polybutylene succinate. In some embodiments, the solid additive may contain 92-93% by weight of polybutylene succinate. In further embodiments, the solid additive may contain about 92.9% by weight of polybutylene succinate. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the solid additive is at least: polybutylene succinate in any of the following weights: approximately 91, 91.1, 91.2, 91.3, 91.4, 91.5, 91.6, 91.7, 91.8, 91.9, 92, 92.1, 92.2, 92.3, 92.4, 92.5, 92.6, 92.7, 92.8, 92.9, 93, 93.1, 93.2, 93.3, 93.4, 93.5, 93.6, 93.7, 93.8, and 93.9% by weight, as well as / or may contain at most about 94, 93.9, 93.8, 93.7, 93.6, 93.5, 93.4, 93.3, 93.2, 93.1, 93, 92.9, 92.8, 92.7, 92.6, 92.5, 92.4, 92.3, 92.2, 92.1, 92, 91.9, 91.8, 91.7, 91.6, 91.5, 91.4, 91.3, 91.2, and 91.1% by weight of polybutylene succinate (e.g., about 91.5–93% by weight, about 92–92.9% by weight, etc.).

[0129]

[0145] In certain embodiments, the solid additive may contain 6–9% by weight of calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the solid additive may contain 7–8% by weight of calcium carbonate. In further embodiments, the solid additive may contain about 7.1% by weight of calcium carbonate. For example, according to certain embodiments, the solid additive contains at least: any of about 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, and 8.9% by weight of calcium carbonate, and It may also contain / or at most about 9, 8.9, 8.8, 8.7, 8.6, 8.5, 8.4, 8.3, 8.2, 8.1, 8, 7.9, 7.8, 7.7, 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, 7.3, 7.2, 7.1, 7, 6.9, 6.8, 6.7, 6.6, 6.5, 6.4, 6.3, 6.2, and 6.1% by weight of calcium carbonate (e.g., about 6.5–8.4% by weight, about 7–8.8% by weight, etc.).

[0130]

[0146] In certain embodiments, the solid additive may contain polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate in a ratio of about 4:1 to about 20.1. In some embodiments, the solid additive may contain polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate in a ratio of about 4:1 to 15:1. In further embodiments, the solid additive may contain polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate in a ratio of approximately 13:1. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the solid additive may contain polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate in at least one of the following ratios: about 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, and 19:1, and / or at most ratios from about 20:1, 19:1, 18:1, 17:1, 16:1, 15:1, 14:1, 13:1, 12:1, 11:1, 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, and 5:1 (e.g., about 6:1 to 19:1, about 5:1 to 15:1, etc.).

[0131]

[0147] In some embodiments, the composition may contain 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. For example, in some embodiments, the composition may contain about 0.6 to 0.8% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In a particular embodiment, for example, the composition may contain about 0.6 to 0.7% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In further embodiments, for example, the composition may contain about 0.65% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the composition may contain at least one of the following by weight: about 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1, and 1.15%, and / or at most about 1.2, 1.15, 1.1, 1.05, 1, 0.95, 0.9, 0.85, 0.8, 0.75, 0.7, 0.65, 0.6, 0.55, 0.5, and 0.45% by weight of additives (e.g., about 0.6–0.9% by weight, about 0.65–0.85% by weight, etc.).

[0132]

[0148] In certain embodiments, the composition may contain 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of solid additives. In some embodiments, the composition may contain 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of solid additives. In further embodiments, the composition may contain about 0.14% by weight of solid additives. For example, according to a particular embodiment, the composition may contain at least: about 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18, 0.2, 0.22, 0.24, 0.26, 0.28, 0.3, 0.32, 0.34, 0.36, 0.38, 0.4, 0.42, 0.44, 0.46, 0.48, 0.5, 0.52, 0.54, One of the following solid additives by weight: 0.56, 0.58, 0.6, 0.62, 0.64, 0.66, 0.68, 0.7, 0.72, 0.74, 0.76, 0.78, 0.8, 0.82, 0.84, 0.86, 0.88, 0.9, 0.92, 0.94, 0.96, 0.98, 1, 1.2, and 1.4% of the total, and / or At most, approximately 1.5, 1.4, 1.2, 1, 0.98, 0.96, 0.94, 0.92, 0.9, 0.88, 0.86, 0.84, 0.82, 0.8, 0.78, 0.76, 0.74, 0.72, 0.7, 0.68, 0.66, 0.64, 0.62, 0.6, 0.58, 0.56, 0.54, 0.52, 0.5, 0 The mixture may also contain solid additives in amounts of 0.48, 0.46, 0.44, 0.42, 0.4, 0.38, 0.36, 0.34, 0.32, 0.3, 0.28, 0.26, 0.24, 0.22, 0.2, 0.18, 0.16, 0.14, and 0.12% by weight (e.g., about 0.12–1.1% by weight, about 0.1–0.8% by weight, etc.).

[0133]

[0149] By including calcium carbonate in the solid additive rather than in the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, the calcium carbonate is prevented from precipitating from the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive. In this way, filtration and biodegradability can be improved.

[0134]

[0150] In another embodiment, a method for spinning a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament is provided. The method includes the steps of: esterifying terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to form an esterification mixture; adding a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture; polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture to form a polymerization mixture; combining extruded polybutylene succinate with either the esterification mixture or the polymerization mixture such that a biodegradable polyester copolymer melt is formed after the polymerization step; and spinning the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt into a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament.

[0135]

[0151] According to certain embodiments, the method may further include the step of extruding polybutylene succinate to form extruded polybutylene succinate. In some embodiments, the polybutylene succinate may be extruded and treated at about 170–260°C, depending on any additional additives contained in the mixture. The extruded polybutylene succinate may be added from the final stage of esterification to the completion stage of polymerization. Thus, after the polybutylene succinate has been melted in the extruder, it may be injected into the polymer stream downstream of the polymerization process. Alternatively, the polybutylene succinate may be added to the process earlier, since it has already been polymerized and blended with other polymers. For example, the polybutylene succinate (as a solid polymer pellet) may be added to a paste tank along with other continuous polymerization line materials, thereby eliminating the need for an extruder in the continuous polymerization line.

[0136]

[0152] In embodiments where a solid additive containing both polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate is used, the polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate may be combined during the extrusion process to form the solid additive. Alternatively, the polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate may be combined prior to the extrusion process so that the solid additive can be added in a single step. In either of these alternative cases, the solid additive may be added to the continuous polymerization line by a side-stream extruder.

[0137]

[0153] In some embodiments, the step of adding the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture may include the step of measuring and dispensing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from a liquid additive container. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may be added between the final stage of esterification and the initial stage of polymerization. In this way, the polyethylene glycol and caprolactone monomers in the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may undergo the necessary polymerization without unwanted esterification.

[0138]

[0154] In certain embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and esterification mixture may be carried out in a continuous polymerization line. In other embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and esterification mixture may be carried out in a batch reactor. In some embodiments, the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and esterification mixture is carried out at a temperature of about 265°C to about 295°C.

[0139]

[0155] Those skilled in the art will recognize that other types of additives can be incorporated into the polymer of the present invention. Non-limiting examples include titanium anatase dioxide, one or more optical whitening agents, and blue pigments. Such additives include, but are not limited to, matting agents, preform heating rate enhancers, friction reduction additives, UV absorbers, inert particulate additives (e.g., clay or silica), colorants, pigments, antioxidants, branching agents, oxygen barrier agents, carbon dioxide barrier agents, oxygen scavenging agents, flame retardants, crystallization control agents, acetaldehyde reducers, impact strength enhancers, catalyst deactivators, melt strength enhancers, antistatic agents, lubricants, chain extenders, nucleating agents, solvents, fillers, and plasticizers.

[0140]

[0156] In some embodiments, the fibers in the yarn or textile may have a denier (dpf) in the range of 0.5 to 50 or 2 to 30, or 1,000 filaments in height. Since fibrous textiles generally have a surface area sufficient to support bacterial growth, the denier of the fibers is not considered critically important for biodegradability.

[0141]

[0157] Preferably, the textile has dimensional stability such that it maintains its shape and shrinks by less than 10%, less than 5%, or less than 3%, as measured by the household laundry test AATCC135-2015 1IIAii (machine wash at 27°C (80°F), tumble dry, 5 wash cycles).

[0142]

[0158] The textile or fiber may be colored (e.g., red, blue, green, etc.) and preferably have a color fastness of at least grade 3, or at least grade 4, or grade 5, as measured by AATCC61-2013 2A (modified to 41°C (105°F)), AATCC8-2016, or AATCC16.3-2014 (Option 3, 20 AFU). Preferably, a single piece of textile (e.g., a fabric sample cut from a shirt or trousers) has a bursting strength in the range of at least 20 psi, preferably at least 50 psi, or at least 100 psi, or 50 to about 200 psi, or 50 to about 150 psi, where the bursting strength is measured as 30 by ASTM D3786 / D3886M-13.

[0143]

[0159] In some embodiments, the fabric is free from pilling or fuzzing (grade 5 according to ASTM D3512M-16).

[0160] In some embodiments, the textile absorbs water, which is particularly desirable in garments that absorb sweat from the wearer, and in some embodiments, as measured by AATCC197-2013, the fabric absorbs water over a distance of at least 10 mm or at least 20 mm, or in the range of about 10 or about 20 mm to about 150 mm, in 2 minutes.

[0144]

[0161] Those skilled in the art will also understand that, in some embodiments, the compositions disclosed herein may be in the form of molten intermediates, and in the most common textile applications, the molten material may be extruded in the form of either pellets or filaments. Extruding the molten material as pellets and quenching it provides an opportunity to store, transport, and remelt the pellets in different locations, e.g., at the customer's location.

[0145]

[0162] If filaments quenched from a composition can be textured using techniques well understood by those skilled in the art, then a fabric can be formed directly from the textured filaments ("filament yarn"), or the textured filaments can be cut into staple fibers. Such staple fibers can then be spun into yarn, most commonly in an open-end manner, but also, of course, by ring spinning. The yarn can then be formed into fabrics (woven, knitted, or nonwoven), or blended with another polymer (e.g., rayon) or with natural fibers (cotton or wool) to form blended yarns, which can then be produced into fabrics having the characteristics of the blended fibers.

[0146]

[0163] The present invention also includes blended intermediates, fibers, yarns, and textiles. Examples of finished products according to the present invention include knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, clothing, interior decorating items, carpets, bedding such as sheets or pillowcases, and industrial fabrics for agricultural or construction use. Examples of clothing include shirts, trousers, bras, panties, hats, underwear, coats, skirts, dresses, tights, stretch pants, and scarves.

[0147]

[0164] For example, according to a particular embodiment, a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament manufactured from a biodegradable textile composition may be provided. According to a particular embodiment, a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament manufactured from a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. According to a particular embodiment, a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber manufactured from a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. According to a particular embodiment, a fabric manufactured from a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber may be provided. In some embodiments, the fabric may be a woven fabric. In some embodiments, the fabric may be a knitted fabric. In further embodiments, the fabric may be a nonwoven fabric. According to a particular embodiment, clothing manufactured from the fabric may be provided. According to a particular embodiment, a fabric manufactured from a biodegradable polyester filament may be provided.

[0148]

[0165] Furthermore, according to certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament may be provided. The method may include the step of textured a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber may be provided. The method may include the step of cutting a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester chip may be provided. The method may include the step of granulating a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament to form a textured biodegradable polyester chip. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester container may be provided. The method may include the step of blow molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester container. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material may be provided. The method may include the step of blow-molding a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer to form a textured biodegradable polyester wrap material. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer yarn may be provided. The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form a yarn. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer blend yarn may be provided.The method may include the step of spinning textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers with one or more cotton fibers and rayon fibers to form a blended yarn. According to certain embodiments, a method for forming a fabric from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers may be provided. In some embodiments, the step of forming a fabric may include the step of knitting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form a fabric. In other embodiments, the step of forming a fabric may include the step of weaving the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form a fabric. In further embodiments, the step of forming a fabric may include the step of forming a nonwoven fabric. In certain embodiments, a method for forming a garment from a fabric is provided.

[0149]

[0166] As used herein, the terms “napped” and “napped” refer to a finishing process for manufactured textiles, as is well understood, e.g., Tortora, pages 378-379 above. In this context, the present invention is also useful in polar fleece, i.e., a napped, soft, insulating fabric typically made from polyester.

[0150]

[0167] When formed into appropriate filaments, the compositions according to the present invention are expected to function very well as fillers for thermal clothing.

[0168] The properties, structure, and numerous variations of thermal clothing are well understood by those skilled in the art. Basically, the thermal material is encased in a lightweight outer fabric, typically low-denier nylon, which often includes a water-repellent finish that can withstand at least some rainfall.

[0151]

[0169] Feathers are, of course, the best insulating material based on compressibility per unit weight, loft, and heat retention per unit weight, but synthetic fillers such as those of the present invention, although slightly heavier and slightly less compressible, are less expensive and provide better heat retention properties when wet.

[0152]

[0170] As another example, it is conceivable that the filaments, fibers, and yarns according to the present invention would function very well as biodegradable carpets or as parts of such carpets. As is well understood by those skilled in the art, a carpet is a textile floor covering, typically formed from pile yarns or tufting yarns attached to a backing. Prior to the advent of synthetic materials, typical piles were made from wool and backings from woven fabrics, and yarns could be woven into the backing, tufted, or, if not, attached, and these are still in use today.

[0153]

[0171] Those skilled in the art typically use the terms “carpet” and “rug” interchangeably, but in some contexts, “carpet” covers an entire room ("wall-to-wall carpeting"), while “rug” covers a smaller area than the entire room.

[0154]

[0172] Since synthetic materials such as nylon, polypropylene, polyester, and blends thereof with wool are useful carpet materials, the fibers or yarns formed from the present invention are perfectly suitable and useful for carpet fabrics. Those skilled in the art will recognize a wide variety of backing materials, backing structures, and means of attaching pile or tuft to the backing. Repeating all such possibilities would be redundant rather than clarifying, and those skilled in the art can adopt the necessary materials and steps in any given context and without excessive experimentation.

[0155] Transportation systems, methods, and kits

[0173] In another embodiment, a system for transporting blended biodegradable textile additives is provided. The system includes a liquid additive container and a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive disposed within the liquid additive container.

[0156]

[0174] A system for transporting a blended biodegradable textile additive 100 is illustrated with reference to Figures 1 and 2. As described herein, an embodiment of the blended biodegradable textile additive transport system 100 may include a liquid additive container 101 configured to hold and transport the blended biodegradable textile additive 103. As described herein, an embodiment of the blended biodegradable textile additive transport system 100 may include a plastic container 102 having an open end 104, a steel cage 106 housing the plastic container 102, a lid 108 removably coupled to the open end 104 of the plastic container 102, and a valve 112 positioned in the wall of the plastic container 102. The plastic container 102 may also include an agitator propeller 111 located at or near the bottom of the plastic container 102, opposite the open end 104 and the lid 108, so as to operate just above the bottom of the plastic container 102 (e.g., 2.54–5.08 centimeters (1–2 inches) above the bottom) to prevent solid material from sticking to the bottom and to maintain good suspension. The agitator propeller 111 may include high-shear propeller blades (e.g., about 12.7 centimeters (5 inches) in diameter) connected to an electric agitator drive motor 109, thereby powered via a shaft 105. A valve 112 may be configured to release the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive 103 from the plastic container 102. In some embodiments, the valve 112 may be a ball valve. In further embodiments, the liquid additive container 101 may be mounted on a pallet 114. In some embodiments, the pallet 114 may include plastic (e.g., medium to high-density polyethylene).

[0157]

[0175] In another embodiment, a method for transporting a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is provided. The method includes the steps of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive; transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container having a lid and a propeller positioned on the inward-facing side of the lid; placing the liquid additive container containing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive on a transport vehicle; and agitating the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive with the propeller during transport. In embodiments in which a solid additive is used and calcium carbonate in the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is replaced with ethylene glycol, continuous agitation may be used, but may not be necessary. This is because, as previously stated herein, ethylene glycol dissolves the antioxidant, making the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive a clear liquid.

[0158]

[0176] According to certain embodiments, the step of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may include the step of blending caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and antioxidant with stirring. For example, in some embodiments, the caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and antioxidant may be added to a large (e.g., 7570.82 liters (2000 gallons)) mixing tank having high-shear mixing blades (e.g., 91.44 to 121.92 centimeters (3 to 4 feet) in diameter), stirred, and the components may be suspended prior to adding the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container. In other embodiments, the step of forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive may include the step of blending caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and antioxidant with stirring in the same manner as described above with respect to embodiments in which the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive contains calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container may include the step of pumping the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive into the liquid additive container.

[0159]

[0177] In another embodiment, a kit for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments is provided. In some embodiments, the kit may include a liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing calcium carbonate, polybutylene succinate, terephthalic acid, and ethylene glycol. In other embodiments, the kit may include a liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing ethylene glycol instead of calcium carbonate, terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, and solid additives containing polybutylene succinate and calcium carbonate. [Examples]

[0160] Example 1 System and method for transporting blended liquid biodegradable textile additives

[0178] The amounts of caprolactone monomer (Ingevity Capa® monomer), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400, Brenntag), antioxidant (Mayzo® BNX245), and calcium carbonate shown in Table 1 were blended in a mixing tank with stirring and transferred by pump to a 1040.99 liter (275 gallon) polyethylene container. The 1040.99 liter (275 gallon) container holds a total of 2204.6 lb (1 MT) of liquid. The container had a stirrer port for mixing and included a ball valve for liquid discharge. The container was placed on a plastic pallet and fitted with a protective cage surrounding the container body.

[0161] [Table 1]

[0162]

[0179] It was operating at 4,535.92 kg / h (10,000 pph) and supplied a liquid blend of approximately 29.48 kg / h (65 pph) to a continuous polymerization line directly coupled to the textile spinning machine.

[0163] Example 2 System and method for transporting blended liquid biodegradable textile additives for combination with solid additives.

[0180] Caprolactone monomer (Ingevity Capa® monomer), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400, Brenntag), and ethylene glycol ("MEG", Dow) were blended at room temperature, and antioxidants (Mayzo® BNX245) were dissolved in the blended room-temperature liquid in the amounts shown in Table 2. The components were then blended with agitation in a mixing tank and transferred by pump to a 1040.99 liter (275 gallon) polyethylene container. The 1040.99 liter (275 gallon) container holds a total of 2204.6 bs 1 MT of liquid. The container had a stirrer port for mixing and included a ball valve for liquid discharge. The container was placed on a plastic pallet and fitted with a protective cage surrounding the container body.

[0164] [Table 2]

[0165]

[0181] As previously discussed herein, this liquid blend was combined with solid additives. The amounts of polybutylene succinate (Mitsubishi BioPBS® FZ) and calcium carbonate (Specialty Minerals Inc. SUPER-PFLEX®) shown in Table 3 were compounded using water pelletization. The pellets were then dried until the water content was <1500 ppm and sorted to remove defective pellets.

[0166] [Table 3]

[0167]

[0182] It was operating at 4,535.92 kg / h (10,000 pph) and supplied a liquid blend at approximately 29.48 kg / h (65 pph) to a continuous polymerization line directly coupled to a fiber spinning machine, along with solid additives supplied by a sidestream extruder at 6.35 kg / h (14 pph).

[0168] Example 3 Biodegradability of textile compositions

[0183] ASTM D5210

[0184] In accordance with ASTM D5210, sample textiles were subjected to anaerobic biodegradation tests under anaerobic conditions using anaerobic digested sewage sludge inoculum. To determine biodegradability, total carbon dioxide and methane gas were measured over time, as well as the weight of soluble organic carbon and residual polymer at the end of the test. The inoculum used to produce the data in Table 4 below was obtained from a hot, dry environment that does not significantly promote microbial activity.

[0169] [Table 4]

[0170]

[0185] As shown in Figures 3A and 3B, sample textile 306 showed the second most significant amount of biodegradation compared to both the negative control 300 (polypropylene) and the control polyester textile 304, after the positive reference material 302 (cellulose). Furthermore, Figure 3B illustrates that sample textile 306 continued to degrade over a significant period of time compared to the negative control 308 and the control polyester textile 304.

[0171]

[0186] ASTM D5511

[0187] Furthermore, in accordance with ASTM D5511, the sample textiles were subjected to anaerobic biodegradation tests under high solid anaerobic conditions using anaerobic digested sewage sludge inoculum to determine the percentage of carbon conversion from the test material to gaseous carbon (CH4 and CO2). The inoculum used to generate the data in Table 5 below was obtained from a hot, dry environment that does not significantly promote microbial activity.

[0172] [Table 5]

[0173]

[0188] As shown in Figures 4A and 4B, sample textile 406 showed the second most significant amount of biodegradation compared to both the negative control 400 (polypropylene) and the control polyester textile 404, after the positive reference material 402 (cellulose). Furthermore, Figure 4B illustrates that sample textile 406 continued to degrade over a significant period of time compared to the negative control 400 and the control polyester textile 404.

[0174]

[0189] In contrast to the results shown in Table 5 above, the results shown in Table 6 below were obtained using anaerobic digested sewage sludge inoculum from a hot, humid atmosphere, which further promotes microbial activity.

[0175] [Table 6]

[0176]

[0190] As shown in Table 6 above, the sample textiles showed the second most significant amount of biodegradation compared to the control polyester textile, after the positive reference material (cellulose).

[0191] Referring to Table 7, various exemplary sample compositions of this disclosure subjected to biodegradation testing under ASTM D5511 are illustrated. The test results of these exemplary compositions are illustrated in Figure 4C. As will be obvious to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure, the components of the sample additives listed in Table 7 (e.g., caprolactone monomer, PBS, and calcium carbonate) represent only a portion of the fibers produced using these additives. For example, the value of 4.9 g of caprolactone monomer in an additive may represent 0.0049% by weight in the fibers produced from this additive. This relationship between the values ​​listed in Table 7 and the weight percentage in the fibers may be applicable to each of the components listed in Table 7.

[0177] [Table 7]

[0178]

[0192] As shown in Figure 4C, each of the tested samples (e.g., sample 1-A 410, sample 1-B 412, sample 1-C 414, sample 1-D 416, sample 1-E 418, and sample 1-F 420) showed a significant amount of biodegradation compared to the control standard polyester 408.

[0179]

[0193] ASTM D5988

[0194] Furthermore, in accordance with ASTM D5988, the sample textiles were subjected to aerobic biodegradation tests in soil inoculum, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) generated over time by microorganisms was measured. The soil inoculum used to generate the data in Table 8 below was obtained from a hot, dry environment that does not significantly promote microbial activity.

[0180] [Table 8]

[0181]

[0195] As shown in Figure 5, sample textile 504 showed the second most significant amount of biodegradation after the positive reference material 506 (cellulose) compared to both the negative control 502 (polypropylene) and the control polyester textile 500, and this continued for a certain period of time.

[0182]

[0196] ISO19679

[0197] Furthermore, in accordance with ISO 19679, the sample textiles were subjected to aerobic biodegradation tests in seawater and sand inoculi, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) generated over time by microorganisms was measured. The results of this test are summarized in Table 9 below.

[0183] [Table 9]

[0184]

[0198] Modifications of the invention described herein will be conceivable to those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, having benefited from the teachings presented in the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings. It should therefore be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Certain terms are used herein, but these are used merely for general and descriptive purposes and not for limiting purposes.

Claims

1. Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Calcium carbonate and Antioxidants and A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing [specific ingredient / component].

2. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

3. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

4. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate.

5. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

6. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

7. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

8. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

9. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 8, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindered or partially sterically hindered.

10. Terephthalic acid and, Ethylene glycol and A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 1 to 9, Polybutylene succinate and A biodegradable textile composition containing [the specified ingredient].

11. The biodegradable textile composition according to claim 10, wherein the composition comprises 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate.

12. The biodegradable textile composition according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the composition comprises 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

13. A biodegradable polyester copolymer filament produced from the biodegradable textile composition according to any one of claims 10 to 12.

14. A textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament manufactured from the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 13.

15. A textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber manufactured from the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 14.

16. A fabric manufactured from textured, biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers as described in claim 15.

17. The fabric according to claim 16, which is a woven fabric.

18. The fabric according to claim 16, which is a knitted fabric.

19. The fabric according to claim 16, which is a nonwoven fabric.

20. A garment made from a fabric according to any one of claims 16 to 19.

21. A fabric manufactured from the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 13.

22. Clothing manufactured from the fabric described in claim 21.

23. A system for transporting blended biodegradable textile additives, Liquid additive container, The liquid biodegradable textile additive is a blended liquid placed in the aforementioned liquid additive container. Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Calcium carbonate and Antioxidants and Additives containing A system that includes this.

24. The aforementioned liquid additive container A plastic container having an open end, A steel cage for housing the aforementioned plastic container, A lid that is removably attached to the open end of the plastic container, having an outward-facing surface and an inward-facing surface, wherein the propeller is positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid, A valve is positioned on the wall of the plastic container and configured to release the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from the plastic container. The system according to claim 23, including the system described in claim 23.

25. The system according to claim 24, wherein the valve is a ball valve.

26. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

27. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

28. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate.

29. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 28, wherein the additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

30. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 29, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

31. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 30, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

32. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 31, wherein the antioxidant includes a phenolic antioxidant.

33. The system according to claim 32, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

34. The system according to any one of claims 23 to 33, wherein the liquid additive container is mounted on a pallet.

35. The system according to claim 34, wherein the pallet includes plastic.

36. A method for transporting blended liquid biodegradable textile additives, Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Calcium carbonate and Antioxidants and The steps include forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing, A step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container having a lid and a propeller positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid, The steps include: placing the liquid additive container containing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive onto a transport vehicle; The steps include: agitating the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive with the propeller during transport; Methods that include...

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein the step of forming the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive includes the step of blending the caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, calcium carbonate, and the antioxidant with stirring.

38. The method according to claim 36 or 37, wherein the step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the liquid additive container includes the step of pumping the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive into the liquid additive container.

39. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

40. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 39, wherein the additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

41. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 40, wherein the additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate.

42. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 41, wherein the additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

43. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 42, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

44. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 43, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

45. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 44, wherein the antioxidant includes a phenolic antioxidant.

46. The method according to claim 45, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

47. A method for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments, A step of esterifying a raw material containing terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to form an esterified mixture, The step is to add a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Calcium carbonate and Antioxidants and Steps including, The steps include polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture to form a polymerization mixture, The steps include combining polybutylene succinate with the raw materials, the esterification mixture, or the polymerization mixture so that a biodegradable polyester copolymer melt is formed after the polymerization step, The steps include spinning the biodegradable polyester copolymer molten material into the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament. Methods that include...

48. The method according to claim 47, further comprising the step of extruding polybutylene succinate to form an extruded polybutylene succinate to be combined with the esterification mixture or the polymerization mixture.

49. The method according to claim 47 or 48, wherein the step of adding the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture includes the step of measuring and dispensing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from a liquid additive container.

50. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out in a continuous polymerization line.

51. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 49, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out in a batch reactor.

52. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 51, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

53. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 52, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

54. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 53, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive contains 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate.

55. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 54, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

56. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 55, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt contains 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate.

57. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 56, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt comprises 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

58. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 57, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

59. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 58, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

60. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 59, wherein the antioxidant includes a phenolic antioxidant.

61. The method according to claim 60, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

62. The method according to any one of claims 47 to 61, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out at a temperature of about 265°C to about 295°C.

63. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament, comprising the step of textured the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament produced by the method according to any one of claims 47 to 62 to form the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament.

64. A method for forming textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers, comprising the step of cutting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 63 to form textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers.

65. A method for forming textured biodegradable polyester chips, comprising the step of granulating the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 63 to form textured biodegradable polyester chips.

66. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester container, comprising the step of blow-molding the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer described in claim 63 to form a textured biodegradable polyester container.

67. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester wrap, comprising the step of blow-molding the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer described in claim 63 to form a textured biodegradable polyester wrap.

68. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer yarn, comprising the step of spinning the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber described in claim 64 to form a yarn.

69. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer blend yarn, comprising the step of spinning the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber described in claim 64 with one or more cotton fibers and rayon fibers to form a blend yarn.

70. A method for forming a fabric from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers according to claim 64.

71. The method according to claim 70, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of knitting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric.

72. The method according to claim 70, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of weaving the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric.

73. The method according to claim 70, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of forming a nonwoven fabric.

74. A method for forming clothing from a fabric according to any one of claims 70 to 73.

75. A method for forming a fabric from a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament according to any one of claims 47 to 62.

76. This is a kit for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments. A liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Calcium carbonate and Antioxidants and A liquid additive container, Polybutylene succinate and Terephthalic acid and, Ethylene glycol and A kit that includes this.

77. The kit according to claim 76, wherein the additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

78. The kit according to claim 76 or 77, wherein the additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

79. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 78, wherein the additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of calcium carbonate.

80. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 79, wherein the additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

81. A kit according to any one of claims 76 to 80, comprising 800 to 10,000 ppm of polybutylene succinate.

82. A kit according to any one of claims 76 to 81, comprising 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of an additive.

83. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 82, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

84. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 83, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

85. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 84, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

86. The kit according to claim 85, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

87. Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Ethylene glycol and Antioxidants and A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing [specific ingredient / component].

88. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 87, comprising 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

89. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 87 or 88, comprising 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

90. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 89, comprising 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol.

91. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 90, comprising 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

92. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 91, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

93. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 92, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

94. A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 93, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

95. The blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to claim 94, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindered or partially sterically hindered.

96. Terephthalic acid and, Ethylene glycol and A blended liquid biodegradable textile additive according to any one of claims 87 to 95, It is a solid-type additive, Polybutylene succinate and, Calcium carbonate and Solid additives including A biodegradable textile composition containing [the specified ingredient].

97. The biodegradable textile composition according to claim 96, wherein the solid additive comprises 91 to 94% by weight of polybutylene succinate.

98. The biodegradable textile composition according to claim 96 or 97, wherein the solid additive comprises 6 to 9% by weight of calcium carbonate.

99. A biodegradable textile composition according to any one of claims 96 to 98, comprising 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

100. A biodegradable textile composition according to any one of claims 96 to 99, comprising 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of a solid additive.

101. A biodegradable polyester copolymer filament produced from a biodegradable textile composition according to any one of claims 96 to 100.

102. A textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament manufactured from the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 101.

103. A textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber manufactured from the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 102.

104. A fabric manufactured from textured, biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers as described in claim 103.

105. The fabric according to claim 104, which is a woven fabric.

106. The fabric according to claim 104, which is a knitted fabric.

107. The fabric according to claim 104, which is a nonwoven fabric.

108. A garment made from a fabric according to any one of claims 104 to 107.

109. A fabric manufactured from the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 101.

110. Clothing manufactured from the fabric described in claim 109.

111. A system for transporting blended biodegradable textile additives, Liquid additive container, The liquid biodegradable textile additive is a blended liquid placed in the aforementioned liquid additive container. Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Ethylene glycol and Antioxidants and Additives and A system that includes this.

112. The aforementioned liquid additive container A plastic container having an open end, A steel cage for housing the aforementioned plastic container, A lid that is removably attached to the open end of the plastic container, having an outward-facing surface and an inward-facing surface, wherein the propeller is positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid, A valve is positioned on the wall of the plastic container and configured to release the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from the plastic container. The system according to claim 111, including the system described in claim 111.

113. The system according to claim 112, wherein the valve is a ball valve.

114. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 113, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

115. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 114, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

116. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 115, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol.

117. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 116, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

118. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 117, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

119. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 118, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

120. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 119, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

121. The system according to claim 120, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

122. The system according to any one of claims 111 to 121, wherein the liquid additive container is mounted on a pallet.

123. The system according to claim 122, wherein the pallet includes plastic.

124. A method for transporting blended liquid biodegradable textile additives, Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Ethylene glycol and Antioxidants and The steps include forming a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive containing, The steps include transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to a liquid additive container having a lid and a propeller positioned on the inward-facing surface of the lid, The steps include: placing the liquid additive container containing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive onto a transport vehicle; The steps include: agitating the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive with the propeller during transport; Methods that include...

125. The method according to claim 124, wherein the step of forming the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive includes the step of blending the caprolactone monomer, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and the antioxidant with stirring.

126. The method according to claim 124 or 125, wherein the step of transferring the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the liquid additive container includes the step of pumping the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive into the liquid additive container.

127. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 126, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

128. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 127, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

129. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 128, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol.

130. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 129, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

131. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 130, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

132. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 131, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

133. The method according to any one of claims 124 to 132, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

134. The method according to claim 133, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

135. A method for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments, A step of esterifying a raw material containing terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to form an esterified mixture, The step is to add a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Ethylene glycol and Antioxidants and Steps including, The steps include polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture to form a polymerization mixture, The step of combining a solid additive with the raw materials, the esterification mixture, or the polymerization mixture such that a biodegradable polyester copolymer melt is formed after the polymerization step, wherein the solid additive is Polybutylene succinate and, Calcium carbonate and Steps including, The steps include spinning the biodegradable polyester copolymer molten material into the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament. Methods that include...

136. The method according to claim 135, further comprising the step of extruding the solid additive to form an extruded solid additive to be combined with the esterification mixture or the polymerization mixture.

137. The method according to claim 135 or 136, wherein the step of adding the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive to the esterification mixture includes the step of measuring and dispensing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive from a liquid additive container.

138. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 137, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out in a continuous polymerization line.

139. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 137, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out in a batch reactor.

140. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 139, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

141. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 140, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

142. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 141, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol.

143. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 142, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

144. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 143, wherein the solid additive comprises 91 to 94% by weight of polybutylene succinate.

145. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 144, wherein the solid additive comprises 6 to 9% by weight of calcium carbonate.

146. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 145, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt comprises 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

147. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 146, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer molten material contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of a solid additive.

148. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 147, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

149. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 148, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

150. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 149, wherein the antioxidant includes a phenolic antioxidant.

151. The method according to claim 150, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

152. The method according to any one of claims 135 to 151, wherein the step of polymerizing the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive and the esterification mixture is carried out at a temperature of about 265°C to about 295°C.

153. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament, comprising the step of texture-forming the biodegradable polyester copolymer filament produced by the method according to any one of claims 135 to 152.

154. A method for forming textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers, comprising the step of cutting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 153 to form textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers.

155. A method for forming textured biodegradable polyester chips, comprising the step of granulating the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer filament described in claim 153 to form textured biodegradable polyester chips.

156. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester container, comprising the step of blow-molding the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer described in claim 153 to form a textured biodegradable polyester container.

157. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester wrap, comprising the step of blow-molding the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer described in claim 153 to form a textured biodegradable polyester wrap.

158. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer yarn, comprising the step of spinning the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber described in claim 154 to form a yarn.

159. A method for forming a textured biodegradable polyester copolymer blend yarn, comprising the step of spinning the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fiber described in claim 154 with one or more cotton fibers and rayon fibers to form a blend yarn.

160. A method for forming a fabric from textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers according to claim 154.

161. The method according to claim 160, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of knitting the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric.

162. The method according to claim 160, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of weaving the textured biodegradable polyester copolymer staple fibers to form the fabric.

163. The method according to claim 160, wherein the step of forming the fabric includes the step of forming a nonwoven fabric.

164. A method for forming clothing from a fabric according to any one of claims 160 to 163.

165. A method for forming a fabric from a biodegradable polyester copolymer filament according to any one of claims 135 to 152.

166. This is a kit for spinning biodegradable polyester copolymer filaments. A liquid additive container containing a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive is Caprolactone monomer and Polyethylene glycol and Ethylene glycol and Antioxidants and A liquid additive container, It is a solid-type additive, Polybutylene succinate and, Calcium carbonate and Solid additives including, Terephthalic acid and, Ethylene glycol and A kit that includes this.

167. The kit according to claim 166, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 50 to 80% by weight of caprolactone monomer.

168. The kit according to claim 166 or 167, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 15 to 25% by weight of polyethylene glycol.

169. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 168, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.4 to 2% by weight of ethylene glycol.

170. The kit according to any one of claims 76 to 79, wherein the blended liquid biodegradable textile additive comprises 0.01 to 1% by weight of an antioxidant.

171. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 170, wherein the solid additive comprises 91 to 94% by weight of polybutylene succinate.

172. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 171, wherein the solid additive comprises 6 to 9% by weight of calcium carbonate.

173. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 172, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer melt comprises 0.4 to 1.2% by weight of a blended liquid biodegradable textile additive.

174. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 173, wherein the biodegradable polyester copolymer molten material contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of a solid additive.

175. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 174, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises low molecular weight polyethylene glycol.

176. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 175, wherein the polyethylene glycol comprises polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG600), or polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800).

177. The kit according to any one of claims 166 to 176, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic antioxidant.

178. The kit according to claim 177, wherein the phenolic antioxidant is sterically hindrance or partially sterically hindrance.

Images