Three-dimensional display device and image display system

Abstract

To provide a three-dimensional display device that displays a parallax image with improved display quality by reducing crosstalk, and to provide a moving body.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional display device 10 comprises a liquid crystal panel 12, a first optical panel 13, and a second optical panel 14, and may further comprise a backlight 11 and a control unit 15. The first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured to define a direction in which incident light travels.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a three-dimensional display device and an image display system. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a display device that enables stereoscopic viewing by projecting an image displayed on a display panel onto both eyes of a user via a parallax barrier (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2012-141331 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the parallax barrier method, crosstalk may occur due to refraction or reflection of light passing through the parallax barrier and the display panel, which reduces the display quality of the parallax image.

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a three-dimensional display device and an image display system with improved display quality of parallax images. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The three-dimensional display device of the present disclosure includes a liquid crystal panel configured to display parallax images, a first optical panel on a first surface of the liquid crystal panel, and a second optical panel on a second surface of the liquid crystal panel, the first optical panel and the second optical panel being configured to determine the traveling direction of image light of the parallax images.

[0007] The image display system of the present disclosure includes a three-dimensional display device, a camera, a detection unit, and a control unit. The three-dimensional display device includes a liquid crystal panel configured to be able to display parallax images, a first optical panel on a first surface of the liquid crystal panel, and a second optical panel on a second surface of the liquid crystal panel, and the first optical panel and the second optical panel are configured to determine the traveling direction of image light of the parallax images. The camera is configured to capture an image of a user's face. The detection unit is configured to detect the positions of the person's eyes from the captured image output from the camera. The control unit controls the liquid crystal panel according to the positions of the person's eyes detected by the detection unit. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the three-dimensional display device of the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce crosstalk and display parallax images with improved display quality.

[0009] According to the image display system of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an image display system capable of displaying parallax images with reduced crosstalk and improved display quality. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a user's eye, a liquid crystal panel, a first optical panel, and a second optical panel. FIG. [Figure 3A] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first example of a parallax image displayed on a liquid crystal panel. [Figure 3B] 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating a second example of parallax images displayed on a liquid crystal panel. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a head-up display that is an embodiment of a display device according to the present disclosure and is mounted on a moving body such as a vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings used in the following description are schematic. The dimensional ratios and the like in the drawings do not correspond to the actual ones.

[0012] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view for the purpose of explanation. The three-dimensional display device 10 includes a liquid crystal panel 12, a first optical panel 13, and a second optical panel 14, and may further include a backlight 11 and a control unit 15.

[0013] In one embodiment, the backlight 11, the liquid crystal panel 12, the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are arranged along the optical path of the image light of the image displayed to the user in the following order from the side furthest from the user: backlight 11, second optical panel 14, liquid crystal panel 12, first optical panel 13.

[0014] The backlight 11 may include a light source, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, and the like. The backlight 11 may be, for example, a surface-emitting backlight that uniformizes light from a light source in a surface direction by a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a diffusion sheet, and the like and emits the light. The surface light emitted from the backlight 11 passes through the second optical panel 14, the liquid crystal panel 12, and the first optical panel 13 in this order, and is irradiated as image light to the user's eyes. The backlight 11 may use a light-emitting element such as an LED (Light Emission Diode) or an organic EL or inorganic EL as a light source. The backlight 11 may be configured so that the light emission intensity and its distribution can be controlled.

[0015] The liquid crystal panel 12 may employ a display element such as a transmissive liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel 12 may have a known liquid crystal panel configuration. As known liquid crystal panels, various liquid crystal panels such as an IPS (In-Plane Switching) type, an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) type, a VA (Vertical Alignment) type, and an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) type may be employed. The liquid crystal panel 12 may include a liquid crystal layer 12a, glass substrates 12b and 12c arranged to sandwich the liquid crystal layer 12a, and a color filter 12d arranged between the liquid crystal layer 12a and the glass substrate 12c. The display area of ​​the liquid crystal panel 12 that displays an image may be considered to be located near the interface between the liquid crystal layer 12a and the color filter 12d. The display area of ​​the liquid crystal panel 12 that displays an image may be called an active area of ​​the three-dimensional display device 10. The active area is an area where an image is actually displayed. The liquid crystal panel 12 may further include a light distribution film, a transparent electrode, a deflection plate, and the like. The arrangement and configuration of the light distribution film, transparent electrodes, polarizers, etc. are well known in general liquid crystal panels, so the explanation will be omitted. Note that the liquid crystal panel 12 may not have the color filter 12d, and the 3D display device 10 may display black and white.

[0016] The first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured to define the traveling direction of the incident light. The first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured to function as a parallax barrier. The second optical panel 14 is located closer to the backlight 11 than the liquid crystal panel 12 along the optical path of the light emitted from the backlight 11. The light emitted from the backlight 11 is incident on the second optical panel 14 and further on the liquid crystal panel 12. The second optical panel 14 is configured to block or attenuate a part of the light emitted from the backlight 11 and transmit the other part toward the liquid crystal panel 12. The liquid crystal panel 12 is configured to directly emit the incident light traveling in the direction defined by the second optical panel 14 as image light traveling in the same direction. The light transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 12 is incident on the first optical panel 13 located farther from the backlight 11 than the liquid crystal panel 12 along the optical path of the light emitted from the backlight 11. The first optical panel 13 is configured to block or attenuate a part of the image light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12, and to irradiate the other part towards the eye 5 of the user.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 2, the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured to allow a part of the image light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12 to reach either the left eye 5L or the right eye 5R of the user, and allow another part of the image light to reach the other of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R of the user. In other words, the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured to split the traveling direction of at least a part of the image light to the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R of the user. By defining the traveling direction of the image light by the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14, different image lights can reach the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R of the user. As a result, the user can view different images with the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R.

[0018] The liquid crystal panel 12 includes a left eye viewing region 201L viewed by the left eye 5L of the user and a right eye viewing region 201R viewed by the right eye 5R of the user. The liquid crystal panel 12 is configured to display parallax images including a left eye image viewed by the left eye 5L of the user and a right eye image viewed by the right eye 5R of the user. The parallax images are images projected onto the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R of the user, respectively, and are images that provide parallax to both eyes of the user. The liquid crystal panel 12 is configured to display a left eye image in the left eye viewing region 201L and a right eye image in the right eye viewing region 201R. That is, the liquid crystal panel 12 is configured to display parallax images in the left eye viewing region 201L and the right eye viewing region 201R. The left eye viewing region 201L and the right eye viewing region 201R are arranged in the u-axis direction representing the parallax direction. The left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R may extend along the v-axis direction perpendicular to the parallax direction, or may extend in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the v-axis direction. In other words, the left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R may be alternately arranged along a predetermined direction including a component of the parallax direction. The pitch at which the left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R are alternately arranged is also called the parallax image pitch. The left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R may be positioned with an interval therebetween, or may be adjacent to each other. The liquid crystal panel 12 may further have a display area for displaying a planar image. The planar image is assumed to be an image that does not give parallax to the user's eye 5 and is not stereoscopically viewed.

[0019] The first optical panel 13 has a light-reducing section 130 and a light-transmitting section 131. The first optical panel 13 is located closer to the user than the liquid crystal panel 12 on the optical path of the image light, and is configured to control the transmittance of the image light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12. The light-transmitting section 131 is configured to transmit light incident on the first optical panel 13 from the liquid crystal panel 12. The light-transmitting section 131 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or greater than a first predetermined value. The first predetermined value may be, for example, 100% or a value close to 100%. The light-reducing section 130 is configured to reduce the light incident on the first optical panel 13 from the liquid crystal panel 12. The light-reducing section 130 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or less than a second predetermined value. The second predetermined value may be, for example, 0% or a value close to 0%. The first predetermined value is greater than the second predetermined value.

[0020] The light attenuating sections 130 and the light transmitting sections 131 of the first optical panel 13 are arranged alternately in the u-axis direction, which is the first direction and represents the parallax direction. The boundary between the light attenuating sections 130 and the light transmitting sections 131 may be along the v-axis direction perpendicular to the parallax direction, or along a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the v-axis direction. In other words, the light attenuating sections 130 and the light transmitting sections 131 may be arranged alternately along a predetermined direction that includes a component of the parallax direction.

[0021] The second optical panel 14 has a light-reducing section 140 and a light-transmitting section 141. The second optical panel 14 is located on a side farther from the liquid crystal panel 12 as viewed from the user on the optical path of the image light, and is configured to control the transmittance of light emitted from the backlight 11 and incident on the liquid crystal panel 12. The light-transmitting section 141 is configured to transmit light incident on the second optical panel 14 from the backlight 11. The light-transmitting section 141 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or greater than the first predetermined value. The light-reducing section 140 is configured to reduce the light incident on the second optical panel 14 from the backlight 11. The light-reducing section 140 may transmit light with a transmittance equal to or less than the second predetermined value. The transmittance of the light-transmitting section 131 of the first optical panel 13 and the transmittance of the light-transmitting section 141 of the second optical panel 14 may be the same or different. The transmittance of the light attenuating section 130 of the first optical panel 13 and the transmittance of the light attenuating section 140 of the second optical panel 14 may be the same as or different from each other.

[0022] The attenuating sections 130 and the light-transmitting sections 131 of the first optical panel 13 are alternately arranged in the u-axis direction representing the parallax direction. The attenuating sections 140 and the light-transmitting sections 141 of the second optical panel 14 are alternately arranged in the u-axis direction representing the parallax direction. The boundary between the attenuating sections 130 and the light-transmitting sections 131 and the boundary between the attenuating sections 140 and the light-transmitting sections 141 may be along the v-axis direction perpendicular to the parallax direction, or along a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the v-axis direction. In other words, the attenuating sections 130 and the light-transmitting sections 131 and the attenuating sections 140 and the light-transmitting sections 141 may be alternately arranged along a predetermined direction including a component of the parallax direction.

[0023] The second optical panel 14 transmits a part of the light emitted from the backlight 11 and incident on the liquid crystal panel 12, and attenuates a part of the light. The first optical panel 13 transmits a part of the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12, and attenuates a part of the light. Of the light thus transmitted, the light that has passed through the left eye viewing region 201L of the liquid crystal panel 12 reaches the left eye 5L, and the light that has passed through the right eye viewing region 201R of the liquid crystal panel 12 reaches the right eye 5R.

[0024] In the three-dimensional display device 10 of this embodiment, the light entering the liquid crystal panel 12 and the light passing through the liquid crystal panel 12 and exiting are defined by the second optical panel 14 and the first optical panel 13, respectively, so that crosstalk in the parallax images can be reduced and parallax images with improved display quality can be displayed.

[0025] The light-attenuating section 130 and the light-transmitting section 131 of the first optical panel 13 and the light-attenuating section 140 and the light-transmitting section 141 of the second optical panel 14 may have any configuration as long as the light-transmitting section 131 and the light-transmitting section 141 transmit light with a transmittance equal to or greater than a first predetermined value, and the light-attenuating section 130 and the light-attenuating section 140 transmit light with a transmittance equal to or less than a second predetermined value.

[0026] The first optical panel 13 may include, for example, a first light-transmitting plate 13a and a first light-reducing material 13b located on one surface of the first light-transmitting plate 13a at an interval along the parallax direction. The first light-transmitting plate 13a is a plate-like member made of a material that transmits the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12 with a transmittance equal to or greater than a first predetermined value. The plate-like member includes a member called a plate-like, sheet-like, or film-like member. For example, a resin material and a glass material can be used as the material that constitutes the first light-transmitting plate 13a. The first light-reducing material 13b is made of a material that transmits the light emitted from the liquid crystal panel 12 with a transmittance equal to or less than a second predetermined value. For example, a material in which a light-absorbing material is dispersed in a resin, a material in which a light-absorbing material is dispersed in a glass, or a metal material can be used as the material that constitutes the first light-reducing material 13b. In the first optical panel 13, the portion where the first light-attenuating material 13b is located becomes a light-attenuating section 130, and the other portion becomes a light-transmitting section 131. The first optical panel 13 can be produced by attaching the first light-attenuating material 13b to the surface of the first light-transmitting plate 13a, and by a method according to the material constituting the first light-attenuating material 13b, such as printing or vapor deposition.

[0027] The second optical panel 14 may include, for example, a second light-transmitting plate 14a and a second light-reducing material 14b located on one surface of the second light-transmitting plate 14a at an interval along the parallax direction. The second light-transmitting plate 14a is a plate-shaped member made of a material that transmits the light emitted from the backlight 11 with a transmittance equal to or greater than a first predetermined value. As the material for the second light-transmitting plate 14a, for example, a resin material, a glass material, or the like can be used, as with the first light-transmitting plate 13a. The second light-reducing material 14b is made of a material that transmits the light emitted from the backlight 11 with a transmittance equal to or less than a second predetermined value. As the material for the second light-reducing material 14b, for example, a material in which a light-absorbing material is dispersed in a resin, a material in which a light-absorbing material is dispersed in a glass, a metal material, or the like can be used, as with the first light-reducing material 13b. In the second optical panel 14, the portion where the second light-reducing material 14b is located becomes the light-reducing portion 140, and the other portion becomes the light-transmitting portion 141. The second optical panel 14, like the first optical panel 13, can be produced by attaching a second light-attenuating material 14b to the surface of a second light-transmitting plate 14a and using a method appropriate to the material constituting the second light-attenuating material 14b, such as printing or vapor deposition.

[0028] When the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are configured in this manner, the first optical panel 13 may be arranged such that the first light-attenuating material 13b is on the liquid crystal panel 12 side, and the second optical panel 14 may be arranged such that the second light-attenuating material 14b is on the liquid crystal panel 12 side.

[0029] The first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 may have the same or different aperture ratios. The aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13 may be, for example, the ratio of the light-transmitting portion 131 in the first optical panel 13. The aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14 may be, for example, the ratio of the light-transmitting portion 141 in the second optical panel 14. If the widths (parallax direction lengths) of the light-transmitting portion and the light-attenuating portion are constant, the aperture ratio is determined by the ratio of the widths of the light-transmitting portion and the light-attenuating portion, regardless of their respective width dimensions. For example, if the widths of the light-transmitting portion 131 and the light-attenuating portion 130 are the same in the first optical panel 13, the aperture ratio is 50%. For example, if the width ratio of the light-transmitting portion 131 and the light-attenuating portion 130 in the first optical panel 13 is 3:5, the aperture ratio is 37.5%. For example, if the width ratio of the light-transmitting portion 131 and the light-attenuating portion 130 in the first optical panel 13 is 1:3, the aperture ratio is 25%. The aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14 is similar.

[0030] 2, in the first optical panel 13, the widths of the light-transmitting portion 131 and the light-attenuating portion 130 are the same, so the aperture ratio is 50%, and in the second optical panel 14, the widths of the light-transmitting portion 141 and the light-attenuating portion 140 are the same, so the aperture ratio is 50%, the same as that of the first optical panel 13. Since the proportion of light determined by the first optical panel 13 and the proportion of light determined by the second optical panel 14 are the same, crosstalk in the parallax images can be further reduced, and parallax images of higher display quality can be displayed.

[0031] When the aperture ratios of the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14 are different, the aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13 may be larger than the aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14. Since the aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13, which is closer to the user than the liquid crystal panel 12, is larger, the light-transmitting portion 131 can transmit light defined by the second optical panel 14 even if, for example, there is a deviation in the positioning of the first optical panel 13 during manufacturing.

[0032] FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining a first example of a parallax image displayed on a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel 12 is configured such that the control unit 15 controls the liquid crystal layer 12a to display a left eye image in the left eye viewing region 201L and a right eye image in the right eye viewing region 201R. The display region of the liquid crystal panel 12 includes a plurality of subpixels 120 arranged in a lattice along the u axis direction and the v axis direction perpendicular to the u axis direction. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, the left eye image and the right eye image are each composed of four subpixels 120 along the u axis direction. The four subpixels 120 constituting the left eye image are represented by L1, L2, L3, and L4. The four subpixels 120 constituting the right eye image are represented by R1, R2, R3, and R4. L4 and R1 are subpixels 120 adjacent to each other, and L1 and R4 are subpixels 120 adjacent to each other. The user views the left eye image with the left eye 5L and the right eye image with the right eye 5R. At this time, for example, if the left eye 5L sees the sub-pixels 120 of R1 and R4, crosstalk occurs. Also, for example, if the right eye 5R sees the sub-pixels 120 of L1 and L4, crosstalk occurs. The three-dimensional display device 10 of the present disclosure uses two optical panels, the first optical panel 13 and the second optical panel 14, to regulate the image light and reduce crosstalk.

[0033] FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining a second example of a parallax image displayed on a liquid crystal panel. The control unit 15 controls the liquid crystal layer 12a to set the gradation of the subpixel 120 adjacent to the right eye image among the subpixels 120 constituting the left eye image to the darkest gradation. The control unit 15 controls the liquid crystal layer 12a to set the gradation of the subpixel 120 adjacent to the left eye image among the subpixels 120 constituting the right eye image to the darkest gradation. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the subpixels 120 of L1 and L4 and the subpixels 120 of R1 and R4 are set to the darkest gradation. The subpixels 120 of the darkest gradation have the lowest transmittance of light incident on the liquid crystal panel 12. By setting the subpixels 120 that cause crosstalk to the darkest gradation, crosstalk can be further reduced.

[0034] 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The three-dimensional display device 10A of this embodiment further includes a detection device 17 that detects the position of the user's eye 5. When the position of the user's eye 5 changes, the left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R of the liquid crystal panel 12 also change. The control unit 15 controls the liquid crystal panel 12 so as to change the display of the left eye image and the right eye image according to the change in the left eye viewing area 201L and the right eye viewing area 201R. The control unit 15 may control the liquid crystal panel 12 according to the position of the user's eye 5 detected by the detection device 17.

[0035] The detection device 17 detects the position of the pupil of the user's eye 5 and outputs the detection result to the input unit 16. The input unit 16 can receive pupil position information, which is the position of the user's eye 5 and is also called eye position, from the detection device 17. The input unit 16 can output the pupil position information received from the detection device 17 to the control unit 15. The input unit 16 includes an electric connector or an optical connector, and can be configured to be able to receive an electric signal or an optical signal from the detection device 17. The input unit 16 can be configured to be able to output an electric signal or an optical signal to the control unit 15.

[0036] The detection device 17 may capture an image of the user's face using a camera. The detection device 17 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R from an image captured by the camera. The detection device 17 may detect the pupil position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R as coordinates in three-dimensional space from an image captured by one camera. The detection device 17 may detect the pupil position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R as coordinates in three-dimensional space from images captured by two or more cameras.

[0037] The detection device 17 may not include a camera, and may be connected to an external camera. The detection device 17 may include an input terminal for inputting a signal from an external camera. The external camera may be directly connected to the input terminal. The external camera may be indirectly connected to the input terminal via a shared network. The detection device 17 without a camera may include an input terminal for the camera to input a video signal. The detection device 17 without a camera may detect the pupil position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R from the video signal input to the input terminal.

[0038] The detection device 17 may include, for example, a sensor instead of a camera. The sensor may be an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, or the like. The detection device 17 may detect the position of the user's head by the sensor, and estimate the pupil position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R based on the head position. The detection device 17 may detect the position of at least one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R as coordinates in a three-dimensional space by one or more sensors.

[0039] When the detection device 17 detects the pupil position of only one of the left eye 5L and the right eye 5R, the detection device 17 can estimate the pupil position of the other eye from information on the interocular distance of the user or information on a general interocular distance. The estimation of the pupil position of the other eye may be performed by the control unit 15, not by the detection device 17.

[0040] The three-dimensional display device 10A may further include an optical system 18. The optical system 18 may change the magnification of an image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 12 and project the image into the user's field of vision. The optical system 18 may include a reflective optical element, a refractive optical element, and the like. The control unit 15 controls the liquid crystal panel 12 in consideration of the magnification change caused by the optical system 18 with respect to the position of the user's eye 5.

[0041] 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a head-up display, which is an embodiment of a display device of the present disclosure mounted on a moving body such as a vehicle. The head-up display 51 is also called a HUD (Head Up Display). The head-up display 51 is an image display system including a three-dimensional display device 52 and a detection device 53. The detection device 53 detects the position of the eye 5 of a user who is a driver of the moving body 50 and transmits it to the three-dimensional display device 52. The three-dimensional display device 52 has a configuration similar to that of the three-dimensional display device 10. That is, the three-dimensional display device 52 may include a backlight 11, a liquid crystal panel 12, a first optical panel 13, a second optical panel 14, and a control unit 15.

[0042] The three-dimensional display device 52 further includes an optical system that projects an image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 12 as a virtual image 60 within the user's field of vision. The optical system includes a first optical member 57, a second optical member 58, and a projection target member 59. The first optical member 57 is a mirror that reflects the image light emitted from the three-dimensional display device 52. The second optical member 58 is a mirror that reflects the image light reflected by the first optical member 57 toward the projection target member 59. Either or both of the first optical member 57 and the second optical member 58 can be a concave mirror having a positive refractive power. The projection target member 59 is a translucent member that reflects the incident image light toward the user's eye 5 and transmits light incident from the front of the user. A part of a windshield may be used as the projection target member 59. Also, a dedicated combiner may be used as the projection target member 59. Note that the configuration of the optical system is not limited to a combination of mirrors. The optical system can have various configurations, such as a combination of mirrors and lenses.

[0043] With the above-described configuration, the head-up display 51 can project an image as a virtual image 60 within the user's field of vision according to the position of the user's eye 5. This image is perceived by the user as being displayed at the display position of the virtual image 60. Furthermore, by including the three-dimensional display device 52, the head-up display 51 can reduce crosstalk and display a virtual image with improved display quality.

[0044] The configuration according to the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and many variations or modifications are possible. For example, the functions included in each component can be rearranged so as not to cause logical inconsistencies, and multiple components can be combined into one or divided.

[0045] In the present disclosure, the term "mobile body" includes vehicles, ships, and aircraft. In the present disclosure, the term "vehicle" includes, but is not limited to, automobiles and industrial vehicles, and may include railroad vehicles, lifestyle vehicles, and fixed-wing aircraft that run on runways. Automobiles include, but are not limited to, passenger cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, trolley buses, and the like, and may include other vehicles that run on roads. Industrial vehicles include industrial vehicles for agriculture and construction. Industrial vehicles include, but are not limited to, forklifts and golf carts. Industrial vehicles for agriculture include, but are not limited to, tractors, cultivators, transplanters, binders, combines, and lawnmowers. Industrial vehicles for construction include, but are not limited to, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, cranes, dump trucks, and road rollers. Vehicles include those that run by human power. The classification of vehicles is not limited to the above. For example, automobiles may include industrial vehicles that can run on roads, and the same vehicle may be included in multiple classifications. In the present disclosure, the vessel includes a marine jet, a boat, and a tanker. In the present disclosure, the aircraft includes a fixed-wing aircraft and a rotorcraft.

[0046] In this disclosure, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are identifiers for distinguishing the configuration. In the configurations distinguished by descriptions such as "first" and "second" in this disclosure, the numbers in the configurations can be exchanged. For example, the first optical panel can exchange the identifiers "first" and "second" with the second optical panel. The exchange of identifiers is performed simultaneously. The configurations remain distinguished even after the exchange of identifiers. The identifiers may be deleted. A configuration from which an identifier has been deleted is distinguished by a symbol. The descriptions of identifiers such as "first" and "second" in this disclosure should not be used solely to interpret the order of the configurations, to justify the existence of an identifier with a smaller number, or to justify the existence of an identifier with a larger number.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications and improvements are possible within the scope of the gist of the present disclosure. It goes without saying that all or part of the components of each of the above-mentioned embodiments can be appropriately combined within the scope of not contradicting each other. EXAMPLES

[0048] The results of measuring and comparing the crosstalk of an example and a comparative example of the three-dimensional display device of the present disclosure are shown below. The example and the comparative example used the same liquid crystal panel 12. The examples were those in which the aperture ratio of the optical panel was changed (examples 1 to 3) and those in which the parallax image of the liquid crystal panel was changed (examples 4 and 5). The optical panel used had a configuration in which a light-reducing material was provided on the surface of a light-transmitting plate, and was arranged so that the light-reducing material was on the liquid crystal panel side.

[0049] (Configurations of Examples and Comparative Examples) Example 1 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 25% Aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14: 25% Parallax image displayed on the LCD panel 12: Example 1 Example 2 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 37.5% Aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14: 25% Parallax image displayed on the LCD panel 12: Example 1 Example 3 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 25% Aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14: 37.5% Parallax image displayed on the LCD panel 12: Example 1 Example 4 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 25% Aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14: 25% Parallax image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 12: Example 2 Example 5 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 37.5% Aperture ratio of the second optical panel 14: 25% Parallax image displayed on the liquid crystal panel 12: Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Aperture ratio of the first optical panel 13: 25% Second optical panel 14: Not used Parallax image displayed on the LCD panel 12: Example 1 Comparative Example 2 First optical panel 13: Not used Aperture ratio of the second optical panel: 25% Parallax image displayed on the LCD panel 12: Example 1

[0050] (Crosstalk measurement) The head-up display 51 shown in FIG. 5 was configured, and a spectroradiometer (product name SR-LEDW, manufactured by Topcon Technohouse Corporation) was placed at a position corresponding to the user's eye to measure the luminance (cd / m 2 ) was measured. ·Condition 1 The radiometer was placed at the position of the left (right) eye, the backlight 11 was turned on, and the luminance was measured by setting the subpixel in the left (right) eye viewing area of ​​the liquid crystal panel 12 to the darkest gradation and the subpixel in the right (left) eye viewing area to the brightest gradation. ·Condition 2 The radiometer was placed at the position of the left (right) eye, the backlight 11 was turned on, and the luminance was measured by setting the subpixel in the left (right) eye viewing area of ​​the liquid crystal panel 12 to the brightest gradation and the subpixel in the right (left) eye viewing area to the darkest gradation. ·Condition 3 The radiometer was placed at the position of the left (right) eye, the backlight 11 was turned on, and the luminance was measured with all sub-pixels of the liquid crystal panel 12 set to the darkest gray scale. The crosstalk (%) was calculated according to the following formula. Crosstalk (%) = ((Luminance of condition 1 - Luminance of condition 3) / (Luminance of condition 2 - Luminance of condition 3)) x 100

[0051] The measurement results and the crosstalk calculation results for each condition are shown in Table 1. Note that the measurement results are normalized with the luminance under Condition 2 of Comparative Example 2 being 1000.

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053] It was found that crosstalk was reduced in Examples 1 to 5 compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2. As can be seen from a comparison of Examples 1 to 3, the configuration in which the aperture ratios of the first optical panel and the second optical panel are the same (Example 1) reduced crosstalk further than the configurations in which the aperture ratios are different (Examples 2 and 3). In addition, as can be seen from a comparison of Example 1 with Example 4 and a comparison of Example 2 with Example 5, by setting the display parallax image of the liquid crystal panel 12 to the second example (FIG. 3B), crosstalk was further reduced compared to the first example (FIG. 3A). [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 5 eyes 5L left eye 5R Right eye 10,10A 3D display device 11 Backlight 12 Liquid crystal panel 12a liquid crystal layer 12b Glass substrate 12c Glass Substrate 12d color filter 13 First optical panel 13a 1st transparent plate 13b First light-attenuating material 14 Second optical panel 14a 2nd transparent plate 14b Second light-attenuating material 15 Control section 16 Input section 17 Detection Device 18 Optical system 50 Mobile 51 Head-up display 52 3D display device 53 Detection Device 57 First Optical Component 58 Second Optical Element 59 Projected member 60 Virtual Image 120 subpixels 130 Dimming section 131 Translucent part 140 Dimming section 141 Translucent part 201L Left eye visual field 201R Right eye visibility area

Claims

1. a liquid crystal panel configured to be capable of displaying a parallax image including a left eye image to be viewed by a left eye of a user and a right eye image to be viewed by a right eye of the user; a first optical panel on a first surface of the liquid crystal panel; a second optical panel on a second surface of the liquid crystal panel; the first optical panel and the second optical panel are configured to define a traveling direction of image light of the parallax image, A three-dimensional display device, wherein among the plurality of subpixels constituting the left eye image, the subpixel adjacent to the right eye image has the darkest gradation, and among the plurality of subpixels constituting the right eye image, the subpixel adjacent to the left eye image has the darkest gradation.

2. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, the first optical panel has first attenuating portions and first light transmitting portions arranged alternately along a first direction; The second optical panel has second light-attenuating sections and second light-transmitting sections arranged alternately along a first direction.

3. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 2, The first optical panel includes a first light-transmitting plate and a first light-reducing material located on one surface of the first light-transmitting plate and spaced apart from each other along a first direction; the second optical panel includes a second light-transmitting plate and a second light-reducing material located on one surface of the second light-transmitting plate and spaced apart from the second light-reducing material along a first direction; The first optical panel has the first light-reducing material on the liquid crystal panel side, A three-dimensional display device, wherein the second optical panel has the second light-reducing material on the liquid crystal panel side.

4. The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The three-dimensional display device, wherein the first optical panel and the second optical panel have different aperture ratios.

5. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 4, the image light is configured to travel from the first optical panel towards the user; The first optical panel has a larger aperture ratio than the second optical panel.

6. The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The first optical panel and the second optical panel have the same aperture ratio.

7. A three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, A three-dimensional display device, wherein the first optical panel and the second optical panel are configured to project the parallax images to both eyes of a single user.

8. a three-dimensional display device comprising: a liquid crystal panel configured to be capable of displaying parallax images including a left eye image to be viewed by a left eye of a user and a right eye image to be viewed by the right eye of the user; a first optical panel on a first surface of the liquid crystal panel; and a second optical panel on a second surface of the liquid crystal panel, the first optical panel and the second optical panel being configured to determine a traveling direction of image light of the parallax images, and the gradation of the subpixel adjacent to the right eye image among a plurality of subpixels constituting the left eye image is the darkest gradation, and the gradation of the subpixel adjacent to the left eye image among a plurality of subpixels constituting the right eye image is the darkest gradation; a camera configured to capture an image of the user's face; A detection unit configured to detect the positions of both eyes of a person from a captured image output from the camera; A control unit that controls the liquid crystal panel in accordance with the positions of the person's eyes detected by the detection unit.

Images