Hair treatment system having a proximity sensor for detecting the distance and position of the scalp or hair

Abstract

The device comprises a treatment system for treating the scalp or hair, one or more sensors configured to detect at least one spatial condition selected from device contact with the scalp or hair, device distance relative to the scalp or hair, and device position relative to the scalp or hair, and a controller configured to send instructions to adjust the treatment system based on the spatial condition detected by the device. The device for treating hair or scalp comprises a dispenser connected to a cartridge (the cartridge containing a formulation), a plurality of tips (the tips having at least one opening for dispensing the formulation), and a controller for controlling the amount of formulation dispensed from the tips. The controller may be further configured to individually control dispensing of the formulation through one or more tips.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 17 / 025,598, filed September 18, 2020, U.S. Application No. 17 / 025,608, filed September 18, 2020, U.S. Application No. 17 / 025,619, filed September 18, 2020, French Application No. 2100128, filed January 7, 2021, French Application No. 2012073, filed November 24, 2020, and French Application No. 2011369, filed November 5, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In one embodiment, the hair treatment system intelligently treats or diagnoses the hair and scalp regionally. In one embodiment, a proximity sensor such as a camera or infrared (IR) or both a camera and an infrared sensor in combination with a contact sensor can be used to estimate distance and position and generate commands to modify the dispensing or diagnosis of the product along the length of the hair and on the scalp.

[0004] In one embodiment, the hair treatment system facilitates pattern application and application amount of treatment (eg, to roots and tips of hair) as well as differentiation between scalp, hair and air.

[0005] In one embodiment, the hair treatment system controls the flow or direction of the treatment on the scalp and hair to minimize waste and inhalable mist.

[0006] In one embodiment, the hair treatment system includes a scalp contact sensor, e.g., an open or short detector or a dielectric sensor on the tips of the brush or comb to determine whether the hair treatment system is in close contact with the scalp or hair roots.

[0007] In one embodiment, the head position (top and sides) is further calculated through the use of accelerometers. Cameras and / or IR sensors determine how far the device is from the scalp, whether it is in contact with the hair, and whether it has reached the ends of the hair. Different areas of the hair and scalp dispense different types of products (e.g., through nozzles, spray valves, etc.) and illuminate with different types of LEDs (e.g., red, ultraviolet, etc.).

[0008] In one embodiment, an advantage of the present disclosure is to provide a device for dispensing dry shampoo in a cleaner, more accessible form.

[0009] In one embodiment, a cartridge containing dry shampoo solution is incorporated into the applicator device. When activated with an on button, the dry shampoo solution is dispensed in metered amounts via a pump into a series of tips or tines with small openings. As the user combs or brushes their hair, the solution glides over and into the hair.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device releases the hair and scalp product as a vapor cloud (mist) through ultrasound, which has the advantage of gently dispersing the product to reduce waste and improve coverage control. This solution contrasts with aerosol spray cans, which spray more than necessary and create a large cloud that is sufficient to cover areas other than the user's head.

[0011] In one embodiment, the multi-use device incorporates a novel brush or comb tip for dispensing.

[0012] In one embodiment, each chip is constructed as a joint of a semi-cylindrical positive conductor and a semi-cylindrical negative conductor separated by a non-conductive gasket (insulator).

[0013] In one embodiment, each brush (or comb) tip is a cylindrical chamber divided longitudinally into two or more chambers that are electrically insulated from one another, or two or more coaxial cylindrical chambers that are electrically insulated from one another.

[0014] In one embodiment, the tip has a positive terminal that can be used to apply a small current to the scalp, which acts as a ground (GND) path.

[0015] In one embodiment, the brush (or comb) tips can deliver a small electrical current to the scalp, which acts as a conductive path between the positive and negative terminals of the different tips.

[0016] In one embodiment, a small current can be applied between multiple chips, with one chip acting as the positive power terminal and the other chip acting as the GND terminal.

[0017] In one embodiment, the impedance can be measured between the positive and negative terminals to determine the moisture level of the scalp.

[0018] In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between multiple tips to determine scalp moisture levels over a larger area.

[0019] In one embodiment, the impedance can be measured between the positive or negative terminal and the scalp (via a return path to the handle) to determine if the tip is in contact with the scalp (skin). This is useful when the application requires contact with the scalp. For example, in a formulation treatment and vacuum system, where the scalp is the treatment target and there is a risk of sucking in hair if the vacuum does not operate directly on the scalp.

[0020] In one embodiment, a light emitting diode (LED) is placed at the end of the chip and can be powered through two terminals.

[0021] In one embodiment, depending on the power of the LED, the heat dissipation can be absorbed (heat sink) by a conductive material.

[0022] In one embodiment, the LEDs are located at the distal end of the chip, which allows the LEDs to deliver more energy to the scalp than if they were located at the base of the chip or delivered through a long fiber optic pathway.

[0023] In one embodiment, the LEDs can be used to indicate treatment, formulation curing, or the status of the device (ie, operating mode or charging status).

[0024] In one embodiment, a series of laser cut holes (perforations) along the length of the tip can be used to deliver the formulation to the scalp and hair.

[0025] In one embodiment, if only the scalp is targeted, only the individual openings at the very end of the tip may be used.

[0026] In one embodiment, the function of the chip and its two split conductors may be controlled by microprocessor circuitry within the main body of the brush or comb device.

[0027] In one embodiment, the tip of the brush or comb is not conductive and the multi-cylinder structure may be useful when the application involves mixing a formulation or dispensing a formulation and vacuuming onto small, controlled, targeted areas of the scalp.

[0028] In one embodiment, a handheld brush or comb device includes massage tips that are individually controlled by actuators for XYZ motion. The tips individually dispense precisely metered amounts of scalp product only when in contact with the scalp (through the use of open / short detectors or dielectric skin contact sensors). The individually actuated tips spray hair products (dry shampoo and color tint) in a tightly controlled manner (i.e., flat fan-like). The personalized scalp and hair products are housed in replaceable cartridges. The addition of a camera allows for diagnosis of scalp and hair conditions related to hair density, tone, and dryness. The addition of LEDs can be used for further hair treatment, to facilitate camera photography, or to cure the formulation.

[0029] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description of the invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a hair and scalp treatment device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an illustration of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is an illustrative side view of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an illustration of the rear view of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIG. [Diagram 5]FIG. 5 is an illustration of the underside of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the components of a hair and scalp treatment device. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for a hair and scalp treatment device. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an illustration of the underside of a hair and scalp treatment device having tips arranged in a circular pattern using a semi-cylinder configuration (brush type embodiment). [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an illustration of the underside of a hair and scalp treatment device having tips arranged in a circular pattern using a cylinder within a cylinder configuration (brush type embodiment). [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an illustration of a side view of a hair and scalp treatment device (comb embodiment) having tips arranged in a row. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an illustration of a semi-cylindrical tip for the brush and comb embodiments. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an illustration of a tip with a cylinder-within-cylinder configuration for the brush and comb embodiments. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an illustration of a chip with LEDs in a semi-cylindrical configuration for the brush and comb-type embodiments. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is an illustration of a LED chip in a cylinder-within-cylinder configuration for brush and comb-type embodiments. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the components of a hair and scalp treatment device. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is an illustration of a hair and scalp treatment device. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is an illustration of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIG. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the components of one embodiment of a hair and scalp treatment device. [Figure 19]FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the end of an individual tip that is controlled to eject a formulation in circular and linear patterns. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing an individual chip with individual actuators for vibrating in three axes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0032] Many scalp and hair treatment devices are known. For example, reference can be made to the applicant's prior publications 2005 / 0081871, 2014 / 0088522, 2017 / 0150810, 2017 / 0326020, 2019 / 0098977, 2019 / 0209077. According to the present disclosure, devices for treating hair, scalp, or both hair and scalp can be improved by including a sensor that detects the exact position or proximity of the device relative to the scalp and hair. Devices with such sensors can use this information to control the treatment provided.

[0033] In accordance with the present disclosure, sensors are provided to enable more "intelligent" devices that can be programmed to adjust treatment based on the location or proximity of the hair treatment device to the scalp or hair, or whether the device is in actual contact with the hair or scalp. Examples of hair and scalp treatment systems include, but are not limited to, scalp massagers, hair dryers, and dispensers for shampoos, bleaches, colorings, and other products.

[0034] In one embodiment, the hair and scalp treatment system according to the present disclosure is embodied in a handheld, motorized device. The device shown in the figures is an example of a hair or scalp treatment system. However, conventionally known hair and scalp treatment devices can also be modified to have the intelligent functions described herein. For example, device 100a in FIG. 1 shows relatively large tines (forks) that can be used to dispense formulations, act as a vacuum or blower, and provide light and electrostatic treatment. However, in other embodiments, the tines can be replaced with a brush-type head with bristles or a comb-type head with teeth.

[0035] People are washing their hair less frequently with traditional water-based shampoos. There are many reasons for the decline in the use of this type of shampoo, including preventing hair loss and damage, and saving time and effort. On the other hand, the use of dry shampoos is on the rise. People are trying to extend the time between salon visits to save money, which has led to an increased interest in tinted dry shampoos for root care. Dry shampoos are primarily available in spray bottles. However, spray bottles raise concerns about inhaling the product or accidentally spraying it on the face, especially in the eyes. Spray bottles are not very precise in either the direction or the amount sprayed. Furthermore, they are not suitable for use when traveling or in public baths. Dry shampoos do not cleanse the scalp and may even damage it. Nevertheless, there is a belief that taking care of the scalp leads to healthy hair. A "dry" shampoo is a method of cleaning the scalp and distributing oils through the hair by brushing and pressing it. Scalp treatments and formulations applied directly to the scalp are applied by pipette, foam or powder, requiring manual parting of hair. Powders and foams get on hands. Dripping too much product on the scalp can lead to runny products and greasy hair. There is an increasing demand for reusable and closed-loop product designs.

[0036] The present disclosure relates to a device for cleaning hair, which can be used, for example, with dry shampoo or other formulations. Scalp and hair formulations exist to treat dandruff, hair loss, stress relief, itchiness, hair color and tint, oiliness, appearance, frizz, volume, shine, dryness, density, and many more. However, there is a need for a smarter way to apply formulations to the scalp and hair.

[0037] In one embodiment, the device uses a brush-like or comb-like architecture that relies on a combination of mechanical and chemical actions to deposit the desired formulation for cleaning (i.e., to expel the formulation onto the hair or scalp), remove the formulation along with unwanted particulates, and also provide additional cosmetic or health properties. The comb-like action provides a familiar gesture that is easy to incorporate into current beauty and hair care routines. Additionally, the device can include a hollow conductive tip arranged in a brush-like or comb-like configuration. The tip being conductive allows the scalp or hair to be positively or negatively charged, for example, by using the conductive tip with a microcurrent generator or by using the conductive tip with an electrostatic charger, to attract the hair formulation to the charged area.

[0038] In one embodiment, the device includes tines or tips that utilize a hollow structure to allow for more precise application of the formulation. In one embodiment, the tines and tips can be used to apply a small current or static charge to the scalp and hair. In one embodiment, the tips can be used as contact sensors. In one embodiment, the tips can be used to measure impedance and determine moisture content.

[0039] In one embodiment, the device is fashioned in the style of well-recognized and familiar hair appliances to induce a sense of trust and comfort in the device, leading to intuitive use and gestures when using the device.

[0040] 1-5, one embodiment of device 100a includes a handle 104 connected to a substantially cylindrical section 138. Handle 104 is connected to device 100a at an obtuse angle relative to the front end of device 100a. Handle 104 helps balance the weight of the device for more comfortable use and easier control. Control buttons can also be located on the handle.

[0041] 3, on the rear side, the device 100a can include a smaller diameter cylindrical housing 136 that receives a removable cartridge 102 containing a hair or scalp treatment formulation. The cartridge 102 can be configured to be a refillable cartridge or a disposable cartridge. In one embodiment, the device 100a can be configured to hold two or more cartridges 102, each of which can be filled with a different formulation for a different treatment. Alternatively, some applications may use two or more different formulations, requiring both formulations to be applied to achieve the intended treatment.

[0042] Forward of the rear housing 136, the outside shape of the device 100a steps up to a larger outside diameter section 138 compared to the diameter of the housing 136. In one embodiment, the device 100a comprises a body structure having a substantially cylindrical or slightly tapered conical section 138 from the rear end to approximately the middle of the device length. In one embodiment, the handle 104 connects to the rear of section 138. Proximately from the cylindrical or minimally conical section 138, the device 100a then assumes a more pronounced conical or smaller elliptical shape 140 in the vertical plane of the device 100a (i.e., when viewing the device 100a from the left or right side) from approximately the middle of the device 100a to one third or one quarter of the device's length. However, in the horizontal plane of the device 100a (i.e., when viewing the device 100a from the top or bottom), the device 100a does not taper as much to accommodate the three tines in the horizontal plane. As described herein, the tines 108 may be replaced with tips arranged in either a brush or comb configuration.

[0043] Device 100a then has a transition section 142 distal to the smaller end of conical or elliptical shape 140. One or more discharge tines 108 are formed at the front end of transition section 142 such that each tine 108 is separated from the other tines. Although the tines 108 are illustrated in the context of a hair or scalp treatment system, device 100a may also be configured as a brush or comb.

[0044] 2 and 5, each tine 108 has a conical shape that tapers in both the left-right and top-bottom planes from the connection initiation section at transition 142 to the end of the tine 108.

[0045] In Figure 5, the tines 108 are shown as having rounded tips when viewed from the bottom (or top). However, in Figure 3, the tines 108 are shown as having a flat area or chamfer at the bottom of the tines 108 at the front end when viewed from a side plane, resulting in a truncated, rounded shape at the tip. The tips of the tines 108 are rounded for better access to the scalp and roots to part hair. The rounded tines 108 include "agitation bumps" and chamfered angles for cleaning and massaging action.

[0046] In FIG. 5, the chamfered section of the tine 108 has an opening 130 for ejecting one or more formulations. In one embodiment, the opening 130 may be static, meaning that the jetting or ejecting direction is set and cannot be adjusted. In one embodiment, the opening 130 may be directional, meaning that the jetting or ejecting direction can be controlled. For example, the opening 130 may be provided on a swivel sphere that is controlled via a microactuator. In one embodiment, multiple openings may be provided, each oriented in a different direction, and the formulation is ejected from the selected opening in a preferred orientation.

[0047] In one embodiment, the direction in which the formulation is dispensed can also be controlled to apply the formulation in a pattern, such as, for example, a back and forth "brush stroke" pattern or a circular pattern. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 can control the form in which the formulation is dispensed. For example, the formulation can be sprayed in a variety of geometric patterns, such as flat fan and cone, wide and narrow, solid and hollow spray, and stream and mist. In one embodiment, the formulation is dispensed through an adjustable cone nozzle that moves back and forth around a central stem to adjust the pattern of the spray.

[0048] In one embodiment, the formulation may be dispensed as a liquid. In one embodiment, the formulation may be atomized and dispensed as a mist. Additionally, the beveled section of the tines 108 has openings 132 that lead to a vacuum system to collect the used formulation along with any debris or oils that have been removed from the hair. In one embodiment, the openings 132 may be used to provide heated air so that the device 100a functions as a hair dryer.

[0049] In the illustrated embodiment, each tine 108 is shown having an opening 130 for dispensing and an opening 132 for vacuuming. However, in one embodiment, there may be dedicated tines with openings only for dispensing the formulation and dedicated tines with openings only for use with vacuuming. In one embodiment, each tine 108 may have multiple openings to provide dispensing of different formulations from the same tine. This may be advantageous when two formulations are used together to achieve an intended effect. In one embodiment, each opening may be dedicated to a different formulation. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes three tines 108 for coverage such that the scalp and hair are evenly cleansed. The angle of the handle 104 and the length of the tines 108 allow the user to reach all areas of the scalp and hair.

[0050] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes an electrostatic treatment system. In one embodiment, the purpose of the electrostatic system is to charge the scalp or a portion of the hair or both by induction or contact. In one embodiment, an electrode 150 is disposed at the tip of the tine 108. The electrode 150 can also electrostatically charge the droplets of hair formulation expelled from the opening 130. The charged hair formulation will then be attracted or repelled by the target area of ​​the scalp or hair according to the particular charge generated. The electrode 150 is electrically connected to an electrostatic charger. In one embodiment, the electrode 150 may be surrounded by an electrically insulating material. In one embodiment, the device 100a can have multiple hair and scalp treatment systems. The device 100a also includes one or more sensors, including contact sensors, proximity sensors, accelerometers, etc. The sensors provide input to a controller, which then controls the output of one or more hair and scalp treatment systems based on the information provided by the sensors.

[0051] 6, a device 100a is depicted diagrammatically to illustrate the use of sensors in a hair and scalp treatment system. The device 100a may have one or more treatment systems, including, but not limited to, a formulation dispenser 112, an electrostatic charger 152, a vacuum and collector system 114, a blower and heater system 144, a light treatment system 146, and a haptic vibratory massager 158. In one embodiment, the device 100a may include the above-mentioned treatment systems, only one of the treatment systems, or a combination of two or more treatment systems.

[0052] In one embodiment, device 100a may be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, device 100a is powered by typical household AC that relies on an electrical cord (not shown) to power device 100a. In one embodiment, device 100a is powered through DC, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household AC outlet. Device 100a powered by DC allows the device to be used without having to stand or stand close to an electrical outlet.

[0053] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a formulation dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the formulation is stored in a replaceable or refillable cartridge 102. The cartridge 102 can be removable from the device 100a for refilling or for disposal and replacement with a new full cartridge. Once emptied, the cartridge 102 can be replaced with a new cartridge filled with the same or a different formulation, or the cartridge can be refilled with the same or a different formulation. As seen in FIG. 1, the cartridge 102 is inserted from the rear of the device 100a. The cartridge 102 is connected to deliver scalp or hair formulation to the dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the device 100a can hold multiple cartridges, each filled with a different formulation. This allows different formulations to be dispensed onto different areas of the scalp or hair to effectively provide different treatments.

[0054] In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 (FIG. 1) that can communicate instructions for operation of the device 100a based on the particular formulation contained in the cartridge 102. The device 100a can include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIG. 1) that can read the product identification tag 154 and process the encoded signal into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. The product identification tag can include, for example, a bar code, a two-dimensional bar code, RFID, etc. The product identification tag is encoded with a machine-readable signal that communicates the device settings for the particular formulation. Different formulations can have different device settings. For example, the product identification tag can include a heat or vacuum setting, and a dispenser setting from liquid to fine droplets, medium droplets, or coarse droplets. Also, different formulations can be used to treat different areas of the scalp or hair. Also, different formulations can be used to provide different treatments to the scalp or hair.

[0055] In one embodiment, the product identification tag identifies the formulation in the cartridge 102 as containing charged particles, which causes the device 100a to control the electrostatic charger 152 to turn on, with the product identification tag further determining the electrostatic settings, such as a particular voltage and negative or positive polarity.

[0056] The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations as a fine mist or liquid through the tines 108 (or bristles or comb). In one embodiment, dispensing the formulation as a mist or liquid also allows the device to vary the viscosity of the dispensed formulation. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic generator to generate a mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, the dispenser 112 causes air or formulation to flow at high velocity, which propels the formulation through a fine nozzle designed to mist the formulation at the opening 130. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be disposed in the device 100a. The outlet of the compressor or pump dispenser 112 is then directed through a system of conduits to each of the tines 108 and out of the nozzle at the opening 130.

[0057] In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic nebulizer that has an ultrasonic generator in contact with the formulation where the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is sufficient to generate a mist. Ultrasonic nebulizers also include "mesh" nebulizers that have a vibrating mesh that just touches the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

[0058] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes an electrostatic charger 152. The electrostatic charger can generate a positive or negative charge on the target area of ​​the scalp or hair or both. The electrostatic charger 152 is connected via an electrical conductor to an electrode 150 at the end of one or more of the tines 108. A suitable electrode 150 is electrically conductive and can include, for example, copper, nickel, stainless steel, aluminum, or any alloy thereof. The electrode 150 may be insulated from the surrounding area by an electrically insulating material such as a plastic, elastomer, or the like.

[0059] When the device 100a is activated, the electrostatic charger 152 can create a positive or negative charge on the scalp, hair, or both, attracting or repelling the formulation to the charged area. In one example, a positively charged area is created by repelling electrons from the area, and in another example, a negatively charged area is created by attracting electrons to the area. Electrostatic charging can be done by contact charging, induction charging, etc. In one example, the electrode 150 is connected to a high voltage source, inducing electrostatic positive or negative charges.

[0060] In another example, the hair formulation becomes charged while passing by the charged electrode 150. The negatively charged droplets of the hair formulation are attracted towards the target, which may have a lower electrical potential.

[0061] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and a collector. In one embodiment, the motor can be a variable speed motor. The motor induces an airflow to enter through openings 132 in the tines 108. The airflow can carry the used formulation along with any debris and oils that have been washed from the hair by the formulation. These are then captured by the collector and the air is exhausted out of the device 100a. In one embodiment, the collector includes an annular vent 134 located on the back of the device 100a and surrounding the cartridge 102 (FIG. 4). The vent 134 allows airflow to exit the device 100a while the used formulation and debris are captured in the collector. In one embodiment, the collector is removable from the device 100a and dishwasher safe to allow cleaning in a dishwasher. In one embodiment, the surfaces of the collector that contact the spent formulation are coated with a hydrophobic or hydrophilic material to facilitate cleaning of the collector.

[0062] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a blower and heater system 144. In one embodiment, the device 100a may function as a hair dryer. The blower and heater system 144 may utilize a vacuum motor configured to rotate in the opposite direction. When a vacuum is created to draw air through the tines 108, the blower and heater system 144 is configured to blow air through the tines 108. When operating as a blower, the impeller blades induce airflow to exit through the openings 132 of the tines 108. Before exiting, the airflow may first pass over a resistive heating coil. By controlling the current applied to the heating coil, the temperature of the air can be increased or decreased. The air exiting the tines can enter the impeller blades through an annular vent 134 located on the back of the device 100a.

[0063] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a light treatment system 146. In one embodiment, the light treatment system includes one or more light emitting diodes 146 (LEDs) capable of generating light across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used on the scalp to treat skin conditions. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used to stimulate cells in hair follicles. However, light therapy can have other advantages. In one embodiment, light therapy is performed by light emitting diodes 146 (LEDs) capable of generating electromagnetic energy at a wide range of wavelengths (at individual wavelengths, as in laser LEDs, or at multiple wavelengths over a wide range). The intensity of the light generated by the LEDs can be varied, for example, by controlling the current.

[0064] In one embodiment, LED 146 includes one or more III-V (GaAs) based LEDs capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths spanning from green visible to near infrared. In one embodiment, LED 146 includes one or more III-nitride blue LED solid-state emitters capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths spanning from ultraviolet to blue visible.

[0065] In one embodiment, the wavelength output of LED 146 includes one or more gallium indium nitrogen (GaInN) LEDs having a wavelength output of about 360-370 nm. In another embodiment, LED 146 emits electromagnetic energy in a wavelength range of about 200 nm to about 2000 nm, which includes wavelengths in the ultraviolet (about 350 nm) and near infrared (about 1200 nm).

[0066] In one embodiment, different LEDs emitting different wavelengths of light can be used to provide different treatments to the scalp and hair.

[0067] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a haptic system 158. The haptic system can include a vibrating massager. In one embodiment, the haptic vibrating massager can include an electric motor that rotates an eccentrically placed weight that generates vibrations according to the speed of rotation. In one embodiment, the vibrating tactile massager can include an electromagnetic coil and a permanent magnet that generate vibrations according to the cycle of an electrical source. Additionally, other technologies can be used in the haptic system 158 to produce a type of haptic actuation or sensation generating action, including ceramic piezoelectric actuators, shape memory alloy and shape memory polymer actuators, electrostatic forces, electroactive polymer actuators, piezoelectric motor actuators, and pneumatic actuators.

[0068] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes one or more sensors. In one embodiment, the one or more sensors are used to measure one of the following: device distance, device speed, or device orientation relative to the scalp or hair. In one embodiment, the speed and orientation are used to detect a back and forth "brush stroke" technique. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a contact sensor 160. The contact sensor 160 can indicate whether the tines 108, brush, or comb are in physical contact with the skin or hair. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a proximity sensor 162. The proximity sensor 162 can indicate the distance from the sensor to the surface of the skin and hair. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 and the proximity sensor 162 can be located at or near the tip end of one, more than one, or all of the tines 108 (or brush bristles or comb teeth). In one embodiment, the device includes one or more accelerometers 164. In one embodiment, the accelerometer 164 is a two-axis and three-axis accelerometer that functions to determine the orientation or position of the device 100a relative to the head and hair. For example, the device 100a is typically held in a different orientation when used on the top of the head as opposed to when used on the back of the head, and similarly when used on the right and left sides of the head. The two-axis and three-axis accelerometer 164 is used to track the orientation of the device 100a, from which a position can be determined. Although the accelerometer 164 is illustrated on the tines 108, the accelerometer can be located anywhere on the device 100a.

[0069] In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 includes an open detector, a short detector, or a dielectric sensor. An open detector can refer to an open circuit detector for detecting a broken (open) continuity in electrical transmission. A short detector can refer to the detection of low electrical resistance. A dielectric sensor is also referred to as a capacitance detector that can detect a change in dielectric constant. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 can be a sensor that detects contact or non-contact of individual tines 108 (or bristles or comb teeth). In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 can indicate an amount of contact. One example of a contact sensor that can detect the amount of contact is a piezoelectric sensor.

[0070] In one embodiment, the proximity sensor 162 may be an optical sensor, such as an infrared sensor, a camera, or both a camera and an infrared sensor. In one embodiment, the infrared sensor, the camera sensor, or both may be located at various locations throughout the device 100a. In one embodiment, the camera may be a semiconductor integrated circuit that converts light into an image, such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) or pixel sensor. The infrared sensor detects heat that is inversely proportional to the distance of the device from the heat source. However, other examples of proximity sensors may also be employed, such as capacitive sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and Doppler sensors.

[0071] In one embodiment, the accelerometer 164 functions to determine the position (or position relative to the head) of the device 100a, the orientation of the device 100a, and the movement of the device 100a. In one embodiment, the accelerometer 164 may be used in combination with other sensors, including a geomagnetic sensor (i.e., a compass) and a gyroscope. A gyroscope is a sensor that detects angular velocity about three axes and can detect the rotation of an object. Additionally, the geomagnetic sensor can determine the direction in which the device 100a is facing.

[0072] In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, the controller 148 is a digital device. The controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of the circuitry may be on a single chip. The controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and memory. The hardware may be designed for use in small, hand-operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors operating cooperatively in parallel and serial to execute instructions according to pre-programmed logic.

[0073] The controller 148 receives signals from sensors, such as a contact sensor 160, a proximity sensor 162, and one or more acceleration sensors 164. The sensors 160, 162, 164 may include circuitry to provide digital signals for storage and processing by the controller 148. In one embodiment, one or more of the sensors may transmit analog signals that are converted to digital signals by analog-to-digital conversion circuitry prior to storage and processing by the controller 148.

[0074] The controller 148 can perform various actions based on one or more of the signals provided by the sensors, and can have additional information available to the controller 148, such as a clock to count the passage of time or historical data from the sensors.

[0075] The controller 148 translates and interprets the signals from the sensors to indicate the spatial condition of the device 100a. For example, the signals can be interpreted to indicate the location of the device 100a in relation to the scalp and hair, contact or non-contact with the device 100a, and distance from the device 100a. The controller 148 then executes certain pre-programmed instructions based on one or more of the signals. The instructions can be coded in hardware or software. The instructions relate to whether and how to modify one or more operations of the treatment system based on the signals from the sensors.

[0076] In one embodiment, each treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, and 146 has a treatment protocol that specifies what treatment should be provided based on the real-time spatial conditions of the device 100a. In this way, the controller 148 sends command signals to the treatment systems 112, 152, 114, 144, and 146 to adjust the treatment as the user moves the device 100a to different areas of the scalp or hair. The controller 148 does this based on the current (real-time) detected spatial conditions of the device 100a. The spatial conditions may relate to the position and orientation of the device 100a from the hair and scalp, as well as contact, distance. The treatment protocol can be provided as any tabular data or function that correlates areas or distances relative to the scalp or hair with treatment conditions. For example, a hair dryer can be controlled to change the air temperature in proportion to the distance the device 100a moves away from the hair. In such an example, the treatment protocol would be air temperature as a function of distance, or in tabular data, a table with a row for each temperature setting and a column for each distance setting, with the intersection of the row and column providing the treatment temperature at the spatial condition (distance in this example). Treatment protocols for other treatment devices can be established in a similar manner and based on other spatial conditions.

[0077] The instructions corresponding to each treatment protocol can be stored in any type of computer readable medium or computer storage device and can be stored and executed by one or more microprocessors. The instructions can be stored in a high speed memory such as an EEPROM, flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory. The instructions can be written in a programming language such as C, C++, COBOL, JAVA, PHP, Perl, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, VBScript, ASPX, Microsoft .NET, Go, etc.

[0078] A treatment protocol for the dispenser 112 based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a can include, for example, changing the nature of the dispensed formulation from a liquid to a mist depending on whether the formulation is directed to the scalp or hair, or redirecting or completely stopping the formulation being dispensed by sensing the position of the device 100a relative to the hair or not sensing any hair. The treatment protocol also takes into account the type of formulation being dispensed, i.e., whether the formulation is a skin or scalp treatment, or a hair treatment. If the device 100a holds more than one cartridge, the device 100a can be configured to dispense a different formulation based on detection of movement of the device from one location to another when the treatment protocol calls for a different formulation to be dispensed at the second location.

[0079] A treatment protocol for the electrostatic charger 152 based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a may include modifying electrostatic parameters based on whether the device 100a is in contact with or within a maximum distance relative to the scalp (skin) or hair.

[0080] A treatment protocol for the vacuum 114 based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a may include reducing the force of the vacuum based on contact with the skin or scalp and increasing the vacuum the further the device 100a is from the skin or scalp.

[0081] A treatment protocol for the blower heater 144 based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a may include reducing the force of the air and temperature based on contact with the skin or scalp, and increasing the force and temperature the further the device 100a is from the skin or scalp.

[0082] Treatment protocols for the light system 146 of the device 100a based on spatial conditions may include turning on a particular light therapy based on contact with skin or contact with hair, increasing or decreasing the power of the light therapy based on distance, or turning off the light therapy upon no contact or beyond a distance where the light therapy is no longer effective. In one embodiment, different light emitting diodes may be illuminated based on detecting that the device has been moved from one location to another, and the treatment protocol calls for different LEDs based on the second location.

[0083] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of the operation of the device 100a to modify or adjust the operation of the hair or scalp treatment system based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a.

[0084] In one embodiment, at start block 702, the device 100a may turn itself on when it detects that the device 100a has been picked up by a user via a signal from the accelerometer 164. The device proceeds from block 702 to block 704.

[0085] In one embodiment, if the device 100a is used for more than one treatment, i.e., if the device 100a has more than one treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, 146, the user may select a treatment system in block 702. If the device 100a has a single treatment system, block 702 may be omitted. The device 100a proceeds from block 704 to block 706.

[0086] In block 706, the device 100a reads a treatment protocol based on the selected treatment system. Here, "read" can mean accessing the treatment protocol in a manner usable by the controller 148 or storing the treatment protocol. The treatment protocol can be stored in the memory of the controller 148. The treatment protocol specifies the treatment that the treatment system delivers based on the changing spatial conditions of the device. The spatial conditions can mean one or more conditions to indicate the position of the device 100a relative to the scalp and hair, contact or non-contact with the device 100a, and distance from the device 100a. The treatment systems 112, 152, 114, 144, 146 can change the treatment that the treatment system delivers in real time based on the position of the device 100a relative to the scalp or hair, contact of the device 100a, and distance of the device 100a. The device proceeds from block 706 to block 708.

[0087] In block 708, the device 100a receives the sensor data in real time and interprets the data to determine the spatial condition of the device 100a. For example, spatial conditions that can be determined from the sensors are contact or non-contact with the device 100a, the distance of the device 100a to the scalp and hair, and the position of the device 100a relative to the scalp or hair. The device 100a proceeds from block 708 to block 710.

[0088] At block 710, the device 100a compares the current spatial conditions of the device 100a to the preprogrammed treatment protocol. From block 710, the device 100a proceeds to block 712.

[0089] In block 712, the device 100a adjusts the treatment system according to a treatment protocol for the current spatial conditions of the device 100a. For example, if the selected treatment system is a formulation dispenser 112, the treatment protocol of the dispenser 112 may use a different setting or formulation for contacting the scalp (for the hair roots) and a different ejection setting or formulation as the device 100a moves away from the scalp. For example, the formulation may be ejected as a liquid when the device 100a is in contact with the scalp, and as the distance from the scalp increases, the dispenser 112 may reduce the amount or apply the formulation as a finer mist. The treatment protocol for the blower and heater 144 may call for minimum heat and airflow settings when contact with the scalp is detected, and the treatment protocol may call for a gradual increase in temperature and airflow as the distance of the device 100a from the scalp or hair increases. The protocol for the light treatment system 146 may call for the LEDs to be on only when the device 100a is in contact with the scalp and off when there is no contact or the distance increases beyond the effective range of light therapy. The treatment protocol for the LEDs may call for LEDs of different wavelengths to be illuminated depending on the area of ​​the scalp detected by the device. Commands to change the treatment systems are issued from a controller 148 in communication with each treatment system.

[0090] When the device 100a is set down, such as when no motion is detected as determined by an accelerometer for a predetermined period of time, the device 100a can reduce power or go into standby mode.

[0091] The use of the device 100a has a minimal impact on the hairstyle, and the overall shape of the device 100a is similar to other hair appliances such as hair dryers, leading to simple and intuitive use of the device 100a. Furthermore, the device 100a does not require manual contact with the hair preparation. The device 100a adds functionality for easier operation and targets treatment to a specific spatial location on the device, minimizing waste and avoiding dispersion of mist into the air where it may be inhaled.

[0092] Figures 8 and 9 show an embodiment of device 100b with brushes having tips 602, 1702 instead of the tines of Figures 1-5, where like numbers refer to like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of device 100b is similar to the body style of device 100a, with the differences being described herein.

[0093] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702 are concentrically arranged on the brush. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702 can perform the function of the tines 108 and also have additional functions.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 10, another embodiment of device 100c is shown having tips arranged in an interdigitated configuration, where like numbers refer to like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of device 100c is similar to the body style of devices 100a, 100b, with the differences described here. In one embodiment, tips 802 for an interdigitated configuration are similar in material and structure compared to tips 602, 1702 illustrated in FIGS. 11, 12, 13, and 14, with the difference being that interdigitated tips 802 can be arranged in a single row.

[0095] 16 and 17, another embodiment of device 100d is shown having a chip arranged in an in-line configuration with the body, in contrast to Figures 8 and 9, where like numbers refer to like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of device 100d is similar to the body style of device 100a, with the differences being described here.

[0096] 11, 12, 13, and 14 show embodiments of chips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 that can be used in multiple embodiments of devices 100b, 100c, and 100d shown in FIGS.

[0097] In one embodiment, the brush tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are configured to allow for the ejection of two different formulations from the tips. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 have a hollow chamber that extends the entire length of the tip. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 have a length at least as long as the diameter of the tip. However, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can be configured such that the length of the tip is several times the diameter, so that the width to length ratio can vary from 1:1 to 1:20 or more. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can be flexible or inflexible. The separated chambers allow for the delivery of one or more formulations through each chamber without mixing. The formulations can be kept separate within each chamber until the formulations exit the chamber. Ejection of the formulation can be achieved by constructing each chamber with an opening along the length of the chamber, openings only at the ends of the chamber, or both along the length and at the ends of the chamber.

[0098] In one embodiment, the chambers are depicted as half and full cylinders, but the chambers can have any cross-sectional shape. Additionally, in one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 and the first and second hollow chambers forming them can be conductive so as to be configured as positive and negative terminals for further providing microcurrent or electrostatic charging treatment to the scalp and hair. Additionally, the conductive tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 have other uses when the first and second hollow chambers are connected to the positive and negative terminals of a power source, or when the first and second hollow chambers are connected to the positive and negative detection terminals.

[0099] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 do not need to be conductive, although a multi-cylinder configuration may still be useful for applications involving mixing a formulation or dispensing a formulation and applying a vacuum to a small, controlled area of ​​interest on the scalp.

[0100] 11, in one embodiment, the tip 602 is configured such that a first hollow semi-cylinder 604 joins a second hollow semi-cylinder 606 along a longitudinal direction. The first semi-cylinder 604 and the second semi-cylinder 606 may be made of an electrically conductive material. In one embodiment, the first semi-cylinder 604 and the second semi-cylinder 606 are separated by an electrical insulator 608. Here, the overall shape of the tip 602 is "cylindrical," however, in accordance with the present disclosure, the tip 602 may have any cross-sectional shape, including oblong, rectangular, square, or any other polygonal shape.

[0101] 11 further illustrates that the tip 602 can have openings 904 on its periphery. The hollow half-cylinder 604 has a first opening 904 along its outer length, and the hollow half-cylinder 606 has a second opening 906 along its outer length. In one embodiment, the openings 904, 906 can be made by laser cutting holes (perforations) along the length of the tip 602.

[0102] In one embodiment, tip 602 can omit the openings along the length of the tip, and tip 602 is provided with openings only at the extreme end such that tip 602 is used for treating the scalp. In this manner, two different formulations can be delivered from tip 602 through half-cylinder 604 and half-cylinder 606.

[0103] In one embodiment, the end of the tip 602 comprises a perforated plate or dome-shaped disk with a small opening 610 in the first half-cylinder 604 and an opening 612 in the second half-cylinder 606. In one embodiment, instead of a disk, the ends of the half-cylinders 604 and 606 may be completely open. Either configuration allows the formulation to be ejected from the end or along the length of the tip 602, or from both the length and the end of the tip 602.

[0104] In one embodiment, the first hollow half-cylinder 604 and the second hollow half-cylinder 606 are made from a conductive material, such as a metal. In one embodiment, one of the first half-cylinder 604 or the second half-cylinder 606 will be designated the positive conductor terminal and the other half-cylinder will be designated the negative conductor terminal.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first hollow chamber 604 and the second hollow chamber 606 can be made from or embedded with a shape memory or piezoelectric material that can be actuated by an electric current to control the direction of movement of the tip 602.

[0106] 12, in one embodiment, tip 1702 is constructed by inserting a first hollow, smaller diameter cylinder 1704 into a second hollow, larger diameter cylinder 1706. In one embodiment, first cylinder 1704 is coaxial with second cylinder 1706. Note that first cylinder 1704 may also be referred to as an inner cylinder and second cylinder 1706 as an outer cylinder. Here, tip 1702 is "cylindrical" in shape, but according to the present disclosure, tips can have any cross-sectional shape, including oval, rectangular, square, or any other polygonal shape.

[0107] In one embodiment, the first cylinder 1704 and the second cylinder 1706 are made from a conductive material such as a metal. In one embodiment, the outside of the first small cylinder 1704 can be coated with an insulator. The insulator is optional if the first cylinder 1704 and the second cylinder 1706 cannot be electrically insulated from each other. In one embodiment, either the first cylinder 1704 or the second cylinder 1706 will be designated as the positive conductor terminal and the other cylinder as the negative conductor terminal.

[0108] In one embodiment, the first hollow chamber 1704 and the second hollow chamber 1706 can be made from or embedded in the chambers a shape memory or piezoelectric material that can be actuated by an electric current to control the direction of movement of the tip 1702.

[0109] In one embodiment, the chambers in the dual chamber structure of the chip 602, 1702 can be made of or embedded with shape memory or piezoelectric materials that actuate in opposite directions. This allows for positive and / or negative actuation relative to a center position depending on which chamber is actuated. These materials can exist as polymers, ceramics, and alloys, for example. In one embodiment, the shape memory and piezoelectric materials can be fabricated as coils and do not necessarily have to be hollow chambers. The coils can be effective to actuate the chip vertically along the Z axis (i.e., in the axial direction of the coil). Electrical actuation of the shape memory and piezoelectric materials is accomplished via an AC or DC power source with positive and negative terminals connected to the shape memory or piezoelectric materials.

[0110] In FIG. 12, the inner tube 1704 has a first opening 1004 that appears on the outside of the outer tube 1706. However, the opening 1004 can be connected to the outside of the outer tube 1706 by passing through the outer tube 1706, so that if there is, for example, a tube leading to the inner tube 1704, the opening is blocked by the outer tube 1706. The outer tube 1706 has a second opening 1006 along its outer length. The opening 1006 only connects to the inside of the outer tube 1706. In one embodiment, the inner tube 1704 and the outer tube 1706 are not coaxial with each other, but the inner tube 1704 may be positioned to contact the inner wall of the outer tube 1706. Thus, the opening from the inner tube 1704 only needs to traverse the wall of the outer tube 1706, thus avoiding the need to connect the opening through a tube. For electrical insulation, it may be necessary to interpose an insulator between the inner tube 1704 and the outer tube 1706. In either configuration, two different formulations can be delivered from tip 1702 via inner barrel 1704 and outer barrel 1706.

[0111] In one embodiment, the openings 1004, 1006 can be created by laser cutting holes (perforations) along the length of the tip 1702.

[0112] In one embodiment, the end of the tip 1702 comprises a perforated plate or dome-shaped disk with a small opening 1710 in a first cylinder, inner barrel 1704, and an opening 1708 in a second cylinder, outer barrel 1706. In one embodiment, instead of a disk, the ends of the inner barrel 1704 and outer barrel 1706 may be completely open. Either configuration allows for the formulation to be ejected from the end of the tip 1702, or along the length of the tip, or both the length and the end of the tip.

[0113] In one embodiment, if the tips 602 and 1702 are made from a conductive material, one of the cylinders 604 or 606 and 1704 or 1706 of the tips 602 and 1702, respectively, can act as a positive terminal for conducting an electric charge and the other as a negative terminal, thereby providing power to devices such as LEDs and sensors.

[0114] FIG. 13 shows a chip 1100 that is structurally similar to the chip 602. The chip 1100 has a conductive first hollow half-cylinder 1104 arranged side-by-side, but electrically isolated from, a conductive second hollow half-cylinder 1106. The first half-cylinder 1104 is designated as the positive or negative terminal, and the second half-cylinder 1106 is the terminal of opposite polarity to the first half-cylinder 1104. An electrically insulating material or coating can be added between the first hollow half-cylinder 1104 and the second hollow half-cylinder 1106 to provide electrical insulation. A power source is connected to the first half-cylinder 1104 and the second half-cylinder 1106. In one embodiment, this allows one or more light-emitting diodes 1102 to be placed at the end of the chip or elsewhere, where they are powered by the two half-cylinders acting as terminals by contacting the positive and negative terminals.

[0115] FIG. 14 shows a chip 1200 that is similar in structure to the chip 1702. The chip 1200 is made of a conductive first hollow inner cylinder 1204 disposed inside or coaxially with a conductive second hollow outer cylinder 1206. The first inner cylinder 1204 is the positive or negative terminal, and the second outer cylinder 1106 is the terminal of opposite polarity to the first cylinder 1204. An electrically insulating material or coating can be added between the first hollow cylinder 1204 and the second hollow cylinder 1206 to provide electrical isolation. A power source is connected to the first inner cylinder 1204 and the second outer cylinder 1206. In one embodiment, this allows one or more light emitting diodes 1202 to be placed at the end of the chip or elsewhere, powered by the two cylinders acting as terminals by contacting the positive and negative terminals.

[0116] In one embodiment, depending on the power of the LEDs 1102, 1202, the heat dissipation can be absorbed (heat sink) by the conductive material of the cylinders 1104, 1106, 1204 and 1206.

[0117] In one embodiment, when the LEDs 1102 and 1202 are located at the end of the chip, the LEDs can deliver more energy to the scalp compared to when they are located at the base of the chip or when the LED light is delivered via a long fiber optic path.

[0118] In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102 and 1202 can be used to indicate the treatment, the curing formula, or the status of the device (ie, operating mode or charging status).

[0119] The LEDs can be any type of single wavelength (laser LED) or range of wavelengths. In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 are capable of producing light across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used on the scalp to treat skin conditions. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used to stimulate cells in hair follicles. The intensity of the light produced by the LEDs 1102, 1202 can be varied, for example, by controlling the current.

[0120] In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 include one or more III-V (GaAs) based LEDs capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths spanning from green visible to near infrared. In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 include one or more III-nitride blue LED solid-state emitters capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths spanning from ultraviolet to blue visible.

[0121] In one embodiment, the wavelength output of the LEDs 1102, 1202 includes one or more Gallium Indium Nitride (GaInN) LEDs having a wavelength output of about 360-370 nm. In another embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 emit electromagnetic energy in the wavelength range of about 200 nm to about 2000 nm, which includes wavelengths in the ultraviolet (about 350 nm) and near infrared (about 1200 nm).

[0122] 15, one embodiment of a device 100b is depicted generally to illustrate the major components, with like numbers representing like parts as described herein.

[0123] In one embodiment, device 100b includes a power source 118. Device 100b may be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, device 100b is powered by regular household AC, which relies on a power cord (not shown) to power device 100b. In one embodiment, device 100b is powered through DC, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household AC outlet. Device 100b powered by DC allows the device to be used without having to stand or stand near an electrical outlet.

[0124] In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a formulation dispenser 112 as described above.

[0125] In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 (FIG. 1) capable of communicating instructions for operation of the device 100b based on the particular formulation contained in the cartridge 102. The device 100b can include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIG. 1) capable of reading the product identification tag 154 and processing the encoded signal into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. In addition to the above description, the product identification tag can also include dispenser patterning such as flat fan and cone, wide and narrow, solid and hollow, stream and mist, etc.

[0126] In one embodiment, hair formulations containing cationic, anionic, or zwitterionic polymers and surfactants can be used to provide a charge to the formulation that can interact with the hair or scalp. In one embodiment, the hair formulations can be charged with other materials, such as chelating agents. Chelating agents also function as complexing molecules that inhibit charge interactions between charged substances and their interaction with the hair fiber, allowing more efficient charge interactions to occur.

[0127] Considering that hair carries an electric charge (usually negative at neutral pH), this charge can be influenced by the presence of charged substances (such as those mentioned above) in the formulation when the formulation is applied to the hair, allowing it to better and more efficiently adsorb and deposit or repel, aiding in removal.

[0128] The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations as a fine mist, liquid, or any form in between through the tines 108 and tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, 1200. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic generator to generate a mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, the dispenser 112 causes air or formulation to flow at high velocity, which propels the formulation through a fine nozzle designed to mist it at the opening 130. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be placed in the device 100b. The outlet of the compressor or pump dispenser 112 is then directed through a system of conduits to each of the tines 108 and out of the nozzle at the opening 130.

[0129] In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic nebulizer that generates a mist or vapor to expel the formulation. This has the advantage of gently dispersing the formulation, reducing the amount of waste and improving coverage control. In one embodiment, the nebulizer uses an ultrasonic generator in contact with the formulation, where the frequency of the ultrasound is sufficient to generate a mist. Ultrasonic nebulizers also include "mesh" nebulizers, which have a vibrating mesh that just touches the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

[0130] In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 is operated by depressing the switch 106 (FIGS. 1 and 2). In one embodiment, the switch 106 is located on the top front of the handle 104 for operation with an index finger. In one embodiment, the switch 106 is a momentary switch whose default position is the off position. A momentary switch dispenses a metered amount of formulation with a single actuation, regardless of the length of activation. Holding the momentary switch 106 in for a longer period of time will not dispense more formulation than the pre-measured amount. In another embodiment, the switch 106 is an on-off switch that starts and stops the dispenser 112 based on opening and closing the switch.

[0131] In one embodiment, device 100b includes an electrostatic charger 152. The electrostatic charger can generate a positive or negative charge on the target area of ​​the scalp, hair, or both. The electrostatic charger 152 is connected via an electrical conductor to an electrode 150 at the end of one or more of the tines 108, or to one of the conductive cylinders in the case of tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200. Suitable conductive materials for tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 can include, for example, copper, nickel, stainless steel, aluminum, or any alloy thereof.

[0132] In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a microcurrent generator 1158. The microcurrent generator 1158 provides a voltage between a positive terminal and a negative terminal (GND) to provide a small amount of electrical current (microcurrent) within a given frequency range to an area of ​​the skin or scalp. In one embodiment, the amount and frequency of electrical stimulation can be within the range of electrical processes that occur naturally in tissues and cells. Microcurrent therapy has been used, for example, to promote hair growth, heal damaged tissue, and rejuvenate skin by stimulating collagen and increasing blood flow. In one embodiment, the generation of the microcurrent is provided by a waveform generator. The controller 148 transmits a modulated wave signal that sets the desired microcurrent amplitude, frequency, and polarity.

[0133] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are connected to a microcurrent generator 1158. With the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 made from a conductive material, one of the tips' cylinders acts as a positive terminal and can be used to provide a microcurrent to the scalp. The scalp acts as a ground (GND) path, including the skin and tissue between the scalp and a negative terminal placed in contact with the hand, such as on the handle 104 of the device 100b. In one embodiment, the microcurrent can be provided between multiple tips, where one tip acts as a positive terminal and the other tip acts as a GND terminal.

[0134] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are made from a conductive material, which also allows the tips to function as sensors. In one embodiment, one of the cylinders of each of the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 can function as a positive terminal and a second cylinder of the same or a different tip can function as a negative terminal. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal and any negative terminal to determine scalp moisture levels at a particular point or over a more general area.

[0135] In one embodiment, impedance can be measured from different tips to determine scalp moisture levels over a larger area.

[0136] In one embodiment, the impedance can be measured between the positive or negative terminal and the scalp (via a conductive return path to the handle) to determine whether the tip is in contact with the scalp (skin). This is useful when the application requires contact with the scalp. For example, in a formulation treatment and vacuum system, when treating the scalp, there is a risk that the vacuum will suck in hair if the device does not operate directly on the scalp.

[0137] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are connected to an electrostatic charger 152. In one embodiment, the electrostatic charger 152 is used to create a positive or negative charge on the scalp, hair, or both to attract or repel the formulation to the charged area. The tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are conductive, allowing the tips to function as electrodes. In one example, a positively charged area is created by repelling electrons from the area, and in another example, a negatively charged area is created by attracting electrons to the area. Electrostatic charging can be done by contact charging, induction charging, etc.

[0138] In another example, the formulation becomes charged while passing through the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200. The negatively charged droplets of hair formulation are attracted towards an object that may have a lower electrical potential.

[0139] In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and a collector 116. In one embodiment, the motor can be a variable speed motor. The vacuum motor 114 is connected to an impeller blade that causes the airflow to enter through the vacuum inlet opening 132 of the tines 108, or in the case of tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200, one of the cylinders can be used for the vacuum. The motor directs the airflow to enter through the opening 132 of the tines 108 or one of the cylinders of tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200. The airflow can carry the used formulation along with any debris and oils that have been washed off the hair by the formulation. These are then captured by the collector 116 and the air is exhausted out of the device 100b. In one embodiment, the collector 116 includes an annular vent located on the rear surface of the device 100b. The vent allows airflow to exit the device 100b while allowing used formulation and debris to be captured in the collector 116.

[0140] In one embodiment, the vacuum motor 114 is operated by a multi-position, multi-function selector switch 110 (FIG. 4). The selector switch 110 can be, for example, a slide switch or dial switch with three or more (adjustment) positions, or a push button switch with three or more positions. In one embodiment, the vacuum selector switch 110 includes an off setting and two or more vacuum speed settings, such as high and low. In one embodiment, the vacuum switch 110 is located on the rear side of the lower part of the handle 104, for example, for thumb operation. The vacuum switch 110 can be insulated to prevent interruption of the vacuum. A light emitting diode 118 can be used to light up the selected position. The selector switch 110 remains in the selected position until moved to another position. In one embodiment, a momentary switch can be substituted for the selector switch. The default position of the momentary switch is the off position, and the momentary switch must be pressed to activate the vacuum motor. In one embodiment, the device 100b includes both a vacuum selector switch and a momentary switch. A momentary switch activates the vacuum motor when depressed and a selector switch is used for setting the speed.

[0141] In one embodiment, device 100b includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, controller 148 is a digital device. Controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of the circuitry may be on a single chip. Controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and memory. The hardware may be designed for use in small, hand-operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors operating cooperatively in parallel and serial to execute instructions according to pre-programmed logic.

[0142] Instructions for controlling the dispenser 112, the electrostatic charger 152, the microcurrent generator 158, and the vacuum 114 may be stored in a controller memory. The memory is any type of computer-readable medium or computer storage device that can be accessed and used by one or more microprocessors to execute instructions. The instructions may be stored in a high-speed memory such as an EEPROM, flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory.

[0143] In one embodiment, the controller 148 communicates with the dispenser 112, the electrostatic charger 152, the microcurrent generator 158, and the vacuum 114. The controller 148 can also read information provided on the cartridge 102 to provide formulation-specific instructions to the dispenser 112 and the electrostatic charger 152. The controller 148 can be configured to electrically connect one or more of the chips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 to the microcurrent generator 158 and the electrostatic charger 152. The controller 148 can be configured to connect one or more of the chips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 to the dispenser 112 to deliver the formulation in a desired form and amount. The controller can control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to operate at a specified power and wavelength.

[0144] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more chips to act as the positive and negative terminals of the micro-current generator 158 .

[0145] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more chips to function as electrodes of the electrostatic charger 152 .

[0146] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more chips to the positive terminal of the microcurrent generator 158, with the scalp (skin) becoming part of the ground path to the negative terminal located on the device 100b.

[0147] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can calculate the impedance between the positive and negative terminals of any one or more chips.

[0148] In one embodiment, the controller 148 uses the impedance to determine if the tips are in contact with the scalp. In one embodiment, the controller 148 can turn off the vacuum 114 or not allow the vacuum to turn on when it is determined that one or more tips are not in contact with the scalp.

[0149] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can use impedance measurements to determine the moisture content of one or more areas on the scalp.

[0150] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can turn on the LEDs 1102 and 1202 based on predefined instructions. For example, some formulations may require that light of a particular wavelength be applied. The controller 148 can be used to control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to provide a phototherapy treatment. The controller 148 has instructions for determining the wavelength and power to be applied for phototherapy.

[0151] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can control the amount of formulation dispensed by the dispenser 112. For example, the controller 148 can turn on a pump or compressor for a predetermined amount of time that correlates to a particular amount of formulation. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 uses a positive displacement pump, and thus an encoder can measure the volume displaced for each revolution of the pump. When a revolution of the pump corresponds to the volume of formulation to be dispensed, the controller 148 can turn the pump off.

[0152] Use of the device 100b is intuitive, and the overall shape of the device 100b is that of other hair appliances, such as hair dryers, that are familiar to users, leading to simple and intuitive use of the device 100b. The device 100b improves upon the current use of aerosol dry shampoos. The device 100b dispenses a controlled amount of formulation so that the formulation slides onto and into the hair as the user combs or brushes the hair. The device 100b contrasts with aerosol spray cans, which spray more than necessary and create a large cloud that is sufficient to cover areas other than the user's head.

[0153] 16 and 17 are diagrams of an embodiment of device 100d that can be fitted with multiple different tips. Device 100d is useful for washing hair that can be used with dry shampoo formulations, with additional functionality through individual activation of the tips for dispensing, sensing, massaging, and other uses. In one embodiment, device 100d uses a brush-like or comb-like architecture that relies on a combination of mechanical and chemical action to deposit the desired formulation for cleaning, remove the formulation with unwanted particulates, and also provide additional cosmetic or health properties. Intuitive operation provides a familiar gesture that is easy to incorporate into current beauty and hair care routines. Additionally, device 100d can include various types of hollow conductive or non-conductive tips (602, 1702, 1100, or 1200) arranged in a brush-type or comb-type configuration. Although a brush-type configuration is shown, device 100d can be configured in a comb configuration, i.e., a row of tips. However, tips arranged in a brush-type configuration provide various advantages, such as the ability to individually actuate the tips to apply or dispense one or more treatments, or to massage using only some of the tips rather than all of the tips.

[0154] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes massaging tips that are individually controlled by actuators for XYZ motion. The tips individually dispense precisely measured amounts of scalp product only upon contact with the scalp (through the use of open / short detectors or dielectric skin contact sensors). The hair products (dry shampoo and color tint) are sprayed in a tightly controlled manner (i.e., flat fan-like) by the individually actuated tips. The personalized scalp and hair products are housed in replaceable cartridges. The addition of a camera allows for diagnosis of scalp and hair condition for hair density, tone, and dryness. The addition of LEDs can be used for further hair treatment, to facilitate camera photography, or to cure the formulation.

[0155] In one embodiment, the device 100d releases the hair and / or scalp product either as a vapor cloud (mist) or as ultrasonic waves (similar to a home humidifier). The gentler dispersion of the product reduces the amount of waste and improves coverage control. This solution contrasts with aerosol spray cans, which spray more than necessary and create a large cloud that is sufficient to cover areas other than the user's head.

[0156] In one embodiment, a multi-use device 100d is described having individually controlled tips for dispensing formulations and other uses.

[0157] In one embodiment, each chip is configured as an assembly of a first semi-cylinder as a positive conductor and a second semi-cylinder as a negative conductor separated by a non-conductive gasket. In purely geometric terms, each chip is a cylindrical chamber divided longitudinally into two or more insulated cylindrical chambers, or two or more insulated cylindrical chambers affixed longitudinally to each other.

[0158] In one embodiment, the chip acting as a positive terminal can be used to provide additional functionality to the chip. In one embodiment, a small current can be applied to the scalp, where the scalp acts as a GND path, including the skin and tissue between the scalp and a negative terminal placed in contact with the hand, such as on the handle 104 of the device 100d. The chip can apply a small current to the scalp, where the scalp acts as a conductive path between any positive terminal and any negative terminal. Alternatively, the small current can be applied between multiple chips, where one chip acts as a positive power supply and other chips act as GND.

[0159] In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between the positive and negative terminals to determine scalp moisture levels. Alternatively, impedance can be measured between multiple tips to determine scalp moisture levels over a larger area. Impedance can be measured between the positive or negative terminal (via a return path to the handle) and the scalp to determine whether the tip is in contact with the scalp (skin). This is useful for applications that require contact with the scalp. For example, this is useful in formulation treatments with a vacuum system, where the scalp is the treatment target and there is a risk of sucking in hair if the vacuum does not operate directly on the scalp.

[0160] The LEDs can be located at the end of the chip and powered through two terminals. If the LEDs are powerful, the heat dissipation can be absorbed (heat sink) into a conductive material. If the LEDs are at the far end of the chip, more energy can be delivered to the scalp than if they were at the base and / or delivered through a long fiber optic path. The LEDs can be used to indicate treatment, formulation curing, or device status (i.e., operating mode and charging state).

[0161] A series of laser cut holes (perforations) along the length of the tip can be used to deliver the formulation to the scalp and / or hair, or, if only the scalp is to be targeted, individual openings at the very end of the tip can be used.

[0162] The functions of the tip and its two conductor halves can be dynamically controlled and reassigned by a central integrated circuit in the main body of the brush device. Even if the tip is not made of conductive material, the "two or more cylinders" structure may be useful in applications involving mixing formulations or dispensing formulations with a vacuum onto small, controlled targeted areas on the scalp.

[0163] In one embodiment, the tip is conductive, which allows for several options: the conductive tip can be used in conjunction with a microcurrent generator, the conductive tip can be used as a detector to detect skin contact, the conductive tip can be used to power light emitting diodes (LEDs) for phototherapy, or the conductive tip can be used to provide vibrations in 1-3 axes.

[0164] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a tip that utilizes a hollow structure that allows the formulation to be delivered more precisely. For example, the formulation can be ejected only from the hollow structure tip to form a specific spray pattern. In one embodiment, the conductive tip is made of two or more hollow chambers that extend along the length of the tip, which allows ejection of one or more formulations through the tip. In one embodiment, the tip is non-conductive but still includes hollow chambers that extend along the length of the tip to provide ejection functionality.

[0165] In one embodiment, device 100d is shaped in the style of well-recognized and familiar hair appliances to induce a sense of trust and comfort in the device that leads to intuitive use and gestures when using the device.

[0166] 16 and 17, in one embodiment, device 100d includes a handle 104 connected to a substantially cylindrical section 138. Handle 104 is connected to device 100d at an obtuse angle relative to the front end of device 100d. Handle 104 helps balance the weight of the device for more comfortable use and easier control. Control buttons can also be located on the handle.

[0167] Referring to FIG. 17, at the rear side, the device 100d can include a smaller diameter cylindrical housing 136 that receives a removable cartridge 102 containing a hair or scalp treatment formulation. The device 100d allows the cartridge 102 to be easily replaced to provide different formulations. The cartridge 102 can be configured to be a refillable cartridge or a disposable cartridge. In one embodiment, the device 100d can be configured to hold two or more cartridges 102, each of which can be filled with a different formulation for a different treatment. Alternatively, some applications may use two or more different formulations, requiring both formulations to be applied to achieve the intended treatment.

[0168] Forward of the rear housing 136, the outer profile of the device 100d steps up to a larger outer diameter portion 138 compared to the diameter of the cartridge housing 136. In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a body structure having a substantially cylindrical or minimally tapered conical portion 138 from the rear end to approximately the middle of the device length. In one embodiment, the handle 104 connects to the rear side of portion 138.

[0169] In one embodiment, device 100d has tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 arranged in a concentric, brush-like configuration. Device 100d includes a brush head 140 connected to a central portion 138. Brush head 140 is the portion of device 100d that holds tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200. In one embodiment, brush head 140 is static and non-actuating relative to the device, since the individual tips are actuated and vibrate individually. Thus, the need to have a rotating or vibrating brush head can be eliminated. Additionally, tips can be configured to be controllable to eject formulation from some individual tips and not others. This allows some tips to be "on" while others remain "off" to create different spray patterns from the brush head.

[0170] In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 are arranged concentrically on the brush head 140. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 are configured to dispense two different formulations. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 have a hollow chamber that extends the entire length of the tip. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 have a length at least as long as their diameter. However, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can be configured such that the length of the tip is several times the diameter, so that the width to length ratio can vary from 1:1 to 1:20 or more. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can be flexible or inflexible. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can also be connected on the brush head 140 in a flexible manner. Separate chambers allow one or more formulations to be delivered through each chamber without mixing. The formulations can be kept separate in each chamber until the time when the formulations exit the chamber. Delivery of the formulations can be accomplished by constructing each chamber with openings along the length of the chamber, openings only at the ends of the chamber, or both openings along the length of the chamber and at the ends. Additionally, each chamber on the tip can have a valve or other means to control delivery only from one or both chambers. Delivery of the formulations can be controlled only from certain tips on the brush head to allow delivery in multiple patterns, such as cone spray, fan spray, etc.

[0171] Referring to FIG. 18, one embodiment of a device 100d is depicted diagrammatically to explain the main systems.

[0172] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a power supply 128. The device 100d may be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, the device 100d is powered by typical household AC, which relies on an electrical cord (not shown) to power the device 100d. In one embodiment, the device 100d is powered through DC, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household AC outlet. A device 100d powered by DC allows the device to be used without having to stand or stand near an electrical outlet. The power supply 128 is configured to provide power to any of the systems requiring power, such as the controller 148, the dispenser 112, the massage module 1152, the vacuum motor 114, the camera 2158, the LEDs 1102, 1202, and the chips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200.

[0173] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a formulation dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the formulation is stored in a replaceable or refillable cartridge 102. The cartridge 102 can be removable from the device 100d for refilling or for disposal and replacement with a new full cartridge. Once emptied, the cartridge 102 can be replaced with a new cartridge filled with the same or a different formulation, or the cartridge can be refilled with the same or a different formulation. As seen in FIG. 1, the cartridge 102 is inserted from the rear of the device 100d. The cartridge 102 is connected to deliver the scalp or hair formulation to the dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the device 100d can hold multiple cartridges, each filled with a different formulation. This allows different formulations to be dispensed onto different areas of the scalp or hair to effectively provide different treatments.

[0174] In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 that can communicate instructions for operation of the device 100d based on the particular formulation contained in the cartridge 102 (FIG. 1). The device 100d can include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIG. 1) that can read the product identification tag 154 and process the encoded signal into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. The product identification tag can include, for example, a bar code, a two-dimensional bar code, RFID, etc. The product identification tag is encoded with a machine-readable signal that communicates the device settings for the particular formulation. Different formulations can have different device settings. For example, the product identification tag can include a dispenser setting from liquid to fine droplets, to medium droplets, or to coarse droplets. The product identification tag can include dispenser patterning, such as flat fan vs. cone, wide vs. narrow, solid vs. hollow, stream vs. mist, etc. The product identification tag can also include instructions for operating the LEDs 1102, 1202. Also, different formulations can be used to treat different areas of the scalp and hair.Also, different formulations can be used to provide different treatments to the scalp and hair.

[0175] The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations as a fine mist, liquid, or any form in between through the tip 602, 1702, 1100, 1200. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic generator to generate a mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, the dispenser 112 causes air or formulation to flow at high velocity, thereby propelling the formulation through fine openings. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be disposed in the device 100d. The outlet of the compressor or pump dispenser 112 is then directed through a system of conduits to each of the individual tips.

[0176] In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic nebulizer that creates a mist or vapor to expel the formulation through an individual tip. This has the advantage of gently dispersing the formulation to reduce waste and improve coverage control. In one embodiment, the nebulizer uses an ultrasonic generator in contact with the formulation, where the frequency of the ultrasound is sufficient to create a mist. Ultrasonic nebulizers also include "mesh" nebulizers that have a vibrating mesh that just touches the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

[0177] In one embodiment, both the ultrasonic generator and the vibrating mesh nebulizer can use piezoelectric materials to generate ultrasonic frequency vibrations. In one embodiment, the same piezoelectric material used in the nebulizer can also be used to drive the haptic system. The haptic system can include massage therapy systems, but can also include any system that provides a sensory experience, such as warming therapy and related ultrasound therapy. The nebulizer can rely on generating frequencies greater than 1 MHz. Nebulizers capable of generating frequencies greater than 1 MHz can also be used to drive the haptic system to generate heat that can be used to treat the skin and scalp alone or in conjunction with the ejection of a formulation. Some nebulizers may also rely on ultrasonic frequencies less than 1 MHz. In one embodiment, the nebulizer can be used to drive the haptic system to generate frequencies in a designed range to deliver therapeutic compounds to the skin and scalp in conjunction with the ejection of a formulation. Thus, there is an advantage when the same piezoelectric material used in the nebulizer system is used in the haptic system.

[0178] In one embodiment, each chip can include a valve at the inlet of one or both chambers. The valve has an actuator that opens and closes the valve. Each valve on each chip can be actuated to open and close independently of other valves on other chips. By opening and closing the valve on each individual chip, the formulation can be controlled to flow out of only selected chips in a controlled pattern, such as a cone, a flat fan, a stream, multiple streams, a pulse, etc. Additionally, by providing valves that control the ejection from both chambers of the chip, it is possible to control the flow of the formulation out of one or both chambers.

[0179] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the ends of tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200. In one embodiment, the tips are arranged in a circular pattern with small diameter 908, medium diameter 910, and large diameter 912 increasing in diameter. In one embodiment, only the valves of the tips connected by one of the circles 908, 910, or 912 can be opened, allowing the formulation to be dispensed in the small cone 908, medium cone 910, and large cone 912 to cover small, medium, and large areas of the scalp or hair. The controller is instructed to open the tips that are in the pattern and close the tips that are not in the pattern to dispense the formulation according to the pattern. The actuation of the valves of the individual tips is not limited to only circular patterns. In one embodiment, the valves of the tips can be actuated in a linear pattern. The lines 914 connect only the tips that will be opened to dispense the formulation in a fan pattern, and the remaining tips that are not in the linear pattern remain closed. The combination of individual tips can be selected arbitrarily, and a well-defined pattern can be achieved by dispensing formulation only from certain tips and not from others.

[0180] In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 is operated by depressing the switch 106 (FIGS. 1 and 2). In one embodiment, the switch 106 is located on the top front of the handle 104 for operation with an index finger. In one embodiment, the switch 106 is a momentary switch whose default position is the off position. A momentary switch dispenses a metered amount of formulation with a single actuation, regardless of the length of activation. Holding the momentary switch 106 down longer will not dispense more formulation beyond the pre-metered amount. In another embodiment, the switch 106 is an on-off switch that starts and stops the dispenser 112 based on opening and closing the switch.

[0181] In one embodiment, the valves of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are actuated only when the individual tip selected for dispensing is in contact with the skin. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are made from a conductive material, allowing the tips to function as contact sensors. In one embodiment, one of the cylinders of each of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can function as a positive terminal and a second cylinder of the same or different tip can function as a negative terminal. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal of the tip and any negative terminal of the tip to determine whether one or more individual tips are in contact with the scalp (skin). In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal and the scalp (via a conductive return path to the handle). Determining impedance and contact is useful when an application requires contact with the scalp. For example, in formulation treatment and vacuum systems, this is useful when treating the scalp as there is a risk of the vacuum sucking in hair if the device is not operated directly on the scalp.

[0182] In one embodiment, impedance measurements can also be used to calculate scalp moisture levels at specific locations or over a more general area. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured from different tips to determine scalp moisture levels over a larger area.

[0183] In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 can be located at the end of the chip. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 includes an open / short detector or a dielectric sensor. An open detector can refer to an open circuit detector for detecting a broken (open) continuity in electrical transmission. A short detector can refer to the detection of low electrical resistance. A dielectric sensor is also referred to as a capacitance detector that can detect a change in dielectric constant. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 can be a sensor that detects touching or non-touching of the individual chips. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 can indicate the amount of touch. One example of a contact sensor that can detect the amount of touch is a piezoelectric sensor.

[0184] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a massage module 1152. The massage module 1152 is any circuit configured to control the actuation of any number of individual tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 to vibrate. In this embodiment, the tips are controlled to vibrate individually as compared to vibrating the entire brush head. The massage module circuitry may reside in the controller 148 or may be a separate component. The massage module 1152 circuitry controls the individual tips to actuate in 1-3 axes (XYZ). Activation to vibrate the tips can be initiated by a switch 1164. In one embodiment, each tip 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 on the brush head 140 has its own actuator to vibrate each individual tip in 1-3 axes. In one embodiment, the actuator can include a shape memory material or a piezoelectric material. As described above, the conductive cylinder can be constructed from or embedded with a shape memory material or a piezoelectric material to actuate the vibration.

[0185] 20, an embodiment of the chip 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 includes a first set of actuators 1008, 1010 disposed or embedded on the cylinder of the chip at diametrically opposed positions. The actuators 1008, 1010 extend axially along the length of the chip. The actuators 1008, 1010 can be actuated one by one to create side-to-side movement in the X-axis direction. The chip includes a second set of actuators 1012, 1014 disposed or embedded on the cylinder of the chip at radially corresponding positions and 90 degrees apart from the actuators 1008, 1010. The actuators 1012, 1014 extend axially along the length of the chip. The actuators 1012, 1014 can be actuated one by one to create side-to-side movement in the Y-axis direction. The actuators 1008, 1010, 1012, 1014 are bonded onto the conductive substrate of the chip and rely on the lateral piezoelectric effect to produce unidirectional contraction and bending motion when a voltage is applied between the piezoelectric material and the substrate, thus enabling lateral actuation in both the X and Y axes.

[0186] For Z-axis or up-down vibration, the top end of the tip can be placed on a shape memory coil 1016 that can be actuated to vibrate up and down. Although one embodiment using piezoelectric and shape memory materials is illustrated, other configurations are possible based on this disclosure. The piezoelectric material can also be fabricated in tubes or stacks to induce up-down vibration. The shape memory alloy can also be provided as strips to induce side-to-side motion, bending motion, or shear motion for X-axis and Y-axis vibration. Any combination of one or more piezoelectric materials and shape memory alloys can be used to impart vibration to the tip in 1-3 axes.

[0187] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and a collector 116. In one embodiment, the motor can be a variable speed motor. The vacuum motor 114 is connected to an impeller blade that causes the airflow to enter through one of the cylinders of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200. The motor induces the airflow to enter through the tip opening. The airflow can carry the used formulation along with any debris and oils that have been washed from the hair by the formulation. These are then captured by the collector 116, and the air is exhausted outside the device 100d. In one embodiment, the collector 116 includes an annular vent located at the back of the device 100d. The vent allows the airflow to exit the device 100d while the used formulation and debris become captured by the collector 116.

[0188] In one embodiment, the vacuum motor 114 is operated by a multi-position, multi-function selector switch 110 (FIG. 4). The selector switch 110 can be, for example, a slide switch or dial switch with three or more (adjustment) positions, or a push button switch with three or more positions. In one embodiment, the vacuum selector switch 110 includes an off setting and two or more vacuum speed settings, such as high and low. In one embodiment, the vacuum switch 110 is located on the rear side of the lower part of the handle 104, for example, for thumb operation. The vacuum switch 110 can be insulated to prevent interruption of the vacuum. A light emitting diode 118 can be used to light up the selected position. The selector switch 110 remains in the selected position until moved to another position. In one embodiment, a momentary switch can be substituted for the selector switch. The default position of the momentary switch is the off position, and the momentary switch must be pressed to activate the vacuum motor. In one embodiment, the device 100d includes both a vacuum selector switch and a momentary switch. A momentary switch activates the vacuum motor when depressed and a selector switch is used for setting the speed.

[0189] In one embodiment, the device 100d includes a diagnostic module 1160. The diagnostic module circuitry may reside in the controller 148 or may be a separate module. In one embodiment, the diagnostic module 1160 has circuitry configured to correlate absorption of light at specific wavelengths with skin or hair conditions. In one embodiment, by measuring the absorption of light, skin and hair conditions related to hair density, tone, and dryness can be identified. The diagnostic module 1160 performs skin and hair diagnosis based on images from the camera 2158. The camera 2158 may reside on the end of a chip or may be located on the device 100d. In one embodiment, the camera 2158 may be a semiconductor integrated circuit that converts light into an image, such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) or pixel sensor. In one embodiment, the diagnosis of the skin and hair condition is determined by selective filtering, by wavelength-selective absorption in multiple photodetector layers, or by any other method. In one embodiment, the spectral absorption signature of a given chromophore in the skin is manifested as a dark spot on the image recorded by the camera 2158. The light absorption and emission characteristics of various skin conditions are stored in the controller memory, and the diagnostic module 1160 compares the image against the characteristics indicative of various skin conditions. If the diagnostic module 1160 determines a match with a skin or hair condition, the diagnostic module 1160 can send commands via the controller 148 to dispense a particular formulation or illuminate a particular wavelength of light via the LEDs 1102, 1202.

[0190] In one embodiment, device 100d includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, controller 148 is a digital device. Controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of the circuitry may be on a single chip. Controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and memory. The hardware may be designed for use in small, hand-operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors operating cooperatively in parallel and serial to execute instructions according to preprogrammed logic.

[0191] Instructions for controlling the dispenser 112, massage module 1152, vacuum 114, and diagnostic module 160 may be stored in a controller memory. Memory is any type of computer-readable medium or computer storage device that can be accessed and used by one or more microprocessors to execute instructions. The instructions may be stored in a high-speed memory such as an EEPROM, flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory.

[0192] The controller 148 communicates with the dispenser 112, the massage module 1152, the vacuum 114, and the diagnostic module 160 to make decisions and control output from the device based on input received from the chips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 themselves, the LEDs 1102, 1202, the contact sensor 1162, and the camera 2158.

[0193] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can also interpret information provided in the cartridge 102 to provide formulation-specific instructions to the dispenser 112. The controller 148 can control all of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 to open and close, thereby allowing the formulation to be dispensed through individually selected tips in a pattern.

[0194] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to determine the impedance between the terminals of any one or more tips, which tips are in contact with the skin and which tips are not, and the controller 148 can then open the valves of the tips in contact and close the valves of the tips not in contact, and give permission to the dispenser to proceed with dispensing the formulation through the tips in contact with the skin.

[0195] In one embodiment, the controller 148 uses the impedance to determine if the tips are in contact with the scalp. In one embodiment, the controller 148 can turn off the vacuum 114 or not allow the vacuum to turn on if it is determined that one or more tips are not in contact with the scalp.

[0196] In one embodiment, the controller 148 can use impedance measurements to determine the moisture content of one or more areas on the scalp.

[0197] In one embodiment, the controller 148 receives a signal from the contact sensor 1162 to determine whether the tip is in contact with the skin.

[0198] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry that controls the opening of valves for only those tips that will produce a selected spray pattern.

[0199] In one embodiment, the controller 148 includes circuitry for controlling the amount of formulation dispensed by the dispenser.

[0200] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry that determines which chips are activated to vibrate in which axis.

[0201] In one embodiment, the controller 148 includes image processing circuitry to convert the signal from the camera and perform spectral analysis.

[0202] In one embodiment, the controller 148 is configured to provide power to any one or more of the chips.

[0203] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to illuminate the LEDs 1102 and 1202 based on predefined instructions. For example, some formulations may require the application of light of a particular wavelength. The controller 148 may be used to control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to provide a phototherapy treatment. The controller 148 has instructions to determine the wavelength and power to apply for phototherapy.

[0204] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry for controlling the amount of formulation dispensed by the dispenser 112. For example, the controller 148 can turn on a pump or compressor for a predetermined time that correlates to a particular amount of formulation. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 uses a positive displacement pump, and thus an encoder can measure the volume displaced for each revolution of the pump. When a revolution of the pump corresponds to the volume of formulation to be dispensed, the controller 148 can turn the pump off.

[0205] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the dispenser 112 to dispense a measured amount of the formulation through one or more tips only when the controller 148 senses that the tip is in contact with the scalp.

[0206] In one embodiment, the controller 148 includes circuitry configured to diagnose scalp and hair conditions related to hair density, tone, and dryness through a camera and / or impedance sensor.

[0207] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the LEDs to output specific wavelengths and power to apply light treatments, facilitate camera capture, or be used to cure a formulation.

[0208] In one embodiment, the controller 148 includes circuitry configured to control the oscillation of selected individual chips.

[0209] In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the delivery of a metered amount of formulation through a selected individual tip only upon detecting that the tip is in contact with the scalp / skin.

[0210] Use of device 100d is intuitive, and the overall shape of device 100d is that of other hair appliances, such as hair dryers, that are familiar to users, leading to simple and intuitive use of device 100d. Device 100d can improve upon current usage of aerosol dry shampoo. Device 100d contrasts with aerosol spray cans, which spray more than necessary and create a large cloud that is sufficient to cover areas other than the user's head. Additionally, device 100d has a chip that can add functionality.

[0211] While exemplary embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be understood that various changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A device, comprising: A treatment system for treating the scalp or hair, one or more proximity sensors configured to detect the device distance relative to the scalp or hair; a contact sensor configured to detect contact of the device with a scalp or hair; and a controller configured to send instructions to adjust a formulation flow of the treatment system based on a device distance relative to the scalp or hair; the contact sensor is selected from an open detector, a short detector, and a dielectric sensor; the device includes a handle connected at an obtuse angle to a front end of the device; The handle extends in a vertical plane; the front end includes three tines; The three tines are arranged in a left-right plane; a front end of each tine includes a truncated rounded shape; the truncated rounded features include a chamfer section that is a flat area on a bottom-facing side of each tine and a rounded feature on a top surface of each tine; The one or more proximity sensors are at the ends of the tines.

2. 2. The device of claim 1, The device, wherein the treatment system includes an electrostatic charger.

3. 2. The device of claim 1, The device further comprises an accelerometer, gyroscope, or compass configured to detect a device position or orientation relative to the scalp or hair, or to detect one of a device distance, a device velocity, or a device orientation relative to the scalp or hair.

4. A device as claimed in claim 3, The controller includes: The controller has instructions stored therein for performing steps, the steps including: accessing a treatment protocol of a treatment system; The treatment protocol specifies a treatment based on the distance of the device relative to the scalp or hair.

5. 5. The device of claim 4, The controller further comprises instructions stored therein for performing the steps of: interpreting signals from one or more sensors detecting contact with the scalp or hair and signals from one or more sensors detecting device position relative to the scalp or hair; and The device includes a step of instructing the treatment system to adjust the treatment according to the treatment protocol based on the steps of detecting contact with the scalp or hair and detecting the device position relative to the scalp or hair.

Images