Carpet tile, carpet tiles, or modular flooring include a carpet face or show surface in overlying relation to a backing of or including adjoined particle elements. In particular, but not exclusively, the carpet tiles incorporate a carpet surface or carpet face, having, for example, a pile or non-pile surface. In one embodiment, the carpet of the carpet tile has a tuft bind or precoat layer, such as a urethane precoat, disposed in overlying relation to a resilient backing formed from a mass, mixture, or slurry, for example, of particles or crumbs, bonded together in adjoined relation by a binder. One or more optional stabilizing and/or backing layers may be included. Methods of making such carpet tiles are also provided.