Orthoimage acquisition method, design drawing creation method, design drawing creation system, and surveying components

Abstract

To easily acquire an ortho-image in the front view with a little deviation from a direction orthogonal to an object plane when a protruding object protruding from the plane is viewed from the front with respect to the plane.SOLUTION: An ortho-image acquisition method includes: a member for survey installation step of installing a member 10 for survey which has two orthogonal planes 14A1, 14B1 that extend in two different directions orthogonal to an object plane, and which has a dimension portion at least a partial dimension of which is grasped in advance on the object plane; an imaging step of capturing photographs of a protruding object 54 and the member 10 for survey together as subjects from at least two different directions; a three-dimensional model construction step of constructing a three-dimensional model of the protruding object 54 by using the data of the captured photographs; and an ortho-image acquisition step of acquiring an ortho-image in which the constructed three-dimensional model is viewed from the front with respect to the object plane. In ortho-image acquisition step, the direction in which the three-dimensional model is viewed from the font is the direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes 14A1, 14B1 of the member 10 for survey.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an orthoimage acquisition method, a design drawing creation method, a design drawing creation system, and surveying components, and more particularly to a method for acquiring an orthoimage of a protrusion that protrudes from a plane on an object, a design drawing creation method and design drawing creation system that use orthoimage data, and surveying components used to acquire orthoimages. [Background technology]

[0002] It is common to attach steel members (for example, steel brackets for jacking up or brackets to prevent the bridge from falling) to the wall surface of a concrete bridge pier. In this case, holes are often drilled in the wall surface of the concrete pier to fix anchor bolts, and the steel members are then attached to the anchor bolts.

[0003] Because it is impossible to completely eliminate the error between the hole positions in the concrete pier wall and the hole positions in the design drawings, tracing paper is placed against the pier wall on site, and workers record the actual hole positions on the tracing paper and then revise the hole positions in the design drawings to reflect the results. After the anchor bolts are fixed into the holes that were actually drilled, a plywood board with holes corresponding to the fixed anchor bolts (a plywood board with holes drilled according to the design drawings with previously revised hole positions) is brought to the site to check the inclination and other conditions of the fixed anchor bolts, and an on-site check is made to see if the anchor bolts properly pass through the holes in the plywood. If the inclination of the fixed anchor bolts is greater than a certain level, the fixed anchor bolts will not be able to pass through the holes in the plywood, even if the positions of the holes in the pier wall and the plywood holes exactly match. In this case, the holes drilled in the plywood are elongated or enlarged in diameter to reflect the inclination of the fixed anchor bolt, so that the fixed anchor bolt can be inserted through the holes in the plywood. Then, based on the plywood with holes machined to allow the fixed anchor bolt to be inserted, final revisions are made to the design drawings for steel members such as brackets, and the steel members are manufactured. Generally, steel members to be attached to the wall surfaces of concrete piers are manufactured using the method described above, but this commonly used method is extremely time-consuming.

[0004] In response to this, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for easily determining the position of an anchor bolt fixed to the wall surface of a concrete pier (the position of the anchor bolt including the inclination) by obtaining the positions of the tip and base of the anchor bolt using three-dimensional photogrammetry from image data obtained by capturing images from at least two different directions, and by showing these positions superimposed on the shape of the wall surface as viewed from the front. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7084891 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not disclose how to superimpose the positions of the tip and base of the anchor bolt obtained by 3D photogrammetry as described above on the shape viewed from the front, i.e., how to accurately determine the direction perpendicular to the wall surface that is the mounting surface, and therefore it is unclear whether the positions obtained for the tip and base of the protruding part of the anchor bolt can be accurately viewed from the front in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface that is the mounting surface.To address this issue, it is possible to select any three points on the wall surface in a 3D image obtained using close-range photogrammetry or the like to define a plane and determine the direction perpendicular to that plane, i.e., the front view direction, but with this method, there is a risk of accuracy variations due to the fact that the three points selected on the wall surface differ depending on the person or system, and it is also time-consuming to determine the front view direction, which could result in the position of the anchor bolt not being easily determined.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and aims to provide an orthoimage acquisition method that can easily acquire a front-view orthoimage with little deviation from a direction perpendicular to an object plane when a protrusion protruding from the object plane is viewed from the front on the plane, as well as surveying components used therefor, and a design drawing creation method and design drawing creation system that use the acquired orthoimage. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention is an invention that solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides an orthoimage acquisition method, a design drawing creation method, a design drawing creation system, and a surveying component as described below.

[0009] That is, a first aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method of the present invention is a method for acquiring an orthoimage of a protrusion protruding from an object plane, which is a flat surface of an object, and includes a surveying member installation step of installing a surveying member on the object plane, the surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane and having a dimensional portion whose dimensions at least some of which are known in advance; a photographing step of taking photographs including the protrusion and the surveying member together as subjects from at least two different directions; a 3D model construction step of constructing a 3D model of the protrusion using data of the photographs taken in the photographing step; and an orthoimage acquisition step of acquiring an orthoimage of the 3D model constructed in the 3D model construction step viewed from the front with respect to the object plane, wherein in the orthoimage acquisition step, the direction in which the 3D model is viewed from the front is set to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes extending in the two different directions of the surveying member.

[0010] Here, in this application, a plane refers to a flat surface, regardless of the orientation of the plane, and includes, for example, a plane extending horizontally, a plane extending vertically, and a plane extending in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle relative to the horizontal plane.

[0011] Furthermore, a "dimensional part" is a part whose dimensions are at least partially known in advance, which can be photographed, and which is visible from the outside.

[0012] In addition, an "orthoimage" in this application is an image in which the object plane is viewed from the front so that the width of one pixel, which is one of the pixels that make up the image, is 1 mm or less in terms of the actual size of the subject.

[0013] In this application, "constructing a three-dimensional model" does not require the actual creation of a three-dimensional replica (copy) or the actual display of a three-dimensional image on a display. Rather, "constructing a three-dimensional model" is considered to be satisfied if data on the position coordinates of each point of the outline can be obtained through computational processing, such that an orthoimage satisfying the required accuracy can be calculated in the orthoimage acquisition process.

[0014] A second aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method according to the present invention is a method for acquiring an orthoimage of a protrusion protruding from an object plane, which is a plane of an object, and includes a surveying member installation step of installing a surveying member on the object plane, the surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane, a dimensional portion having at least a partial dimension known in advance, and further having a predetermined reference point; a photographing step of taking photographs including the protrusion and the surveying member together as subjects from at least two different directions; and a method of generating a three-dimensional model including the protrusion and the surveying member together using data of the photographs taken in the photographing step. and an orthoimage acquisition process for acquiring an orthoimage of the 3D model constructed in the 3D model construction process viewed from the front relative to the object plane, wherein in the surveying member installation process, the surveying member is installed on the object plane so that the predetermined reference point of the surveying member is located at a predetermined position that serves as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane, and in the orthoimage acquisition process, the direction in which the 3D model is viewed from the front is set to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes that extend in the two different directions of the surveying member.

[0015] A third aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method of the present invention is an aspect characterized in that, in the orthoimage acquisition method of the first or second aspect, the object plane is an attachment plane to which other components are attached.

[0016] A fourth aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method of the present invention is an orthoimage acquisition method according to any one of the first to third aspects, characterized in that marking lines serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane are drawn in two directions so as to intersect, and the predetermined position serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane in the surveying member installation process is the position where the intersecting marking lines intersect.

[0017] A fifth aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method of the present invention is an orthoimage acquisition method according to any one of the first to third aspects, characterized in that marking lines serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane are drawn in two directions so as to intersect at right angles on the object plane, the two orthogonal surfaces of the surveying member are orthogonal to each other, the predetermined position serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane in the surveying member installation step is the position where the orthogonal intersecting marking lines intersect, and in the surveying member installation step, the surveying member is installed on the mounting plane so that the two orthogonal surfaces of the surveying member are positioned in accordance with the orthogonal intersecting marking lines.

[0018] Here, the two orthogonal surfaces being arranged "in line with the scribe lines that intersect at right angles" means that the two orthogonal surfaces are arranged so as to be parallel to one of the "scribe lines that intersect at right angles." Note that "parallel" here also includes the case where the scribe lines are included in the extended plane of the orthogonal surfaces.

[0019] A sixth aspect of the orthoimage acquisition method according to the present invention is an aspect in which, in the orthoimage acquisition method of any of the first to fifth aspects, the 3D model construction process constructs the 3D model by performing convergent calculations so as to minimize deviation from the data of the photograph used.

[0020] A first aspect of the design drawing creation method according to the present invention is a design drawing creation method characterized by having a design drawing creation step of creating design drawings of components to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion, using data of orthoimages acquired by the orthoimage acquisition method of any of the third to fifth aspects.

[0021] A second aspect of the design drawing creation method according to the present invention is the design drawing creation method of the first aspect, characterized in that the object is a structure fixed to the ground surface.

[0022] A third aspect of the design drawing creation method according to the present invention is the design drawing creation method of the first aspect, characterized in that the object is a substructure of a bridge.

[0023] A first aspect of the design drawing creation system according to the present invention is a design drawing creation system that creates design drawings of components to be attached to an object plane via a protrusion protruding from the object plane, which is a flat surface of an object. The design drawing creation system comprises: a surveying component having two orthogonal surfaces extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane and having a dimensional portion whose dimensions at least part of which are known in advance; a photographing means that takes photographs of the surveying component installed on the object plane together with the protrusion from at least two different directions; a 3D model construction unit that constructs a 3D model of the protrusion using data about the photographs taken by the photographing means; an orthoimage calculation unit that calculates an orthoimage of the 3D model constructed by the 3D model construction unit when viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; and a design drawing creation unit that creates design drawings of the components to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion using data about the orthoimage calculated by the orthoimage calculation unit.

[0024] A second aspect of the design drawing creation system according to the present invention is a design drawing creation system that creates design drawings of components to be attached to an object plane via a protrusion protruding from the object plane, which is a flat surface of an object. The design drawing creation system comprises: a surveying component having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane, having a dimensional portion whose dimensions are at least partially known in advance, and further having a predetermined reference point; a photographing means that takes photographs of the surveying component installed on the object plane together with the protrusion from at least two different directions; a 3D model construction unit that constructs a 3D model of the protrusion and the surveying component using data about the photographs taken by the photographing means; an orthoimage calculation unit that calculates an orthoimage of the 3D model constructed by the 3D model construction unit when viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; and a design drawing creation unit that creates design drawings of the components to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion using data about the orthoimage calculated by the orthoimage calculation unit.

[0025] A first aspect of the surveying tool of the present invention is a surveying tool used to obtain an orthoimage of a protrusion protruding from an object plane, which is a plane on an object, characterized in that it has a reference plane arranged parallel to the object plane, two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the reference plane, and a dimensional portion, at least some of whose dimensions are known in advance.

[0026] A second aspect of the surveying member according to the present invention is the surveying member of the first aspect, characterized in that the two orthogonal surfaces are orthogonal to each other.

[0027] A third aspect of the surveying device of the present invention is a surveying device of the first or second aspect, characterized in that when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the reference plane, it has two walls that intersect perpendicularly in a cross shape, and the two orthogonal surfaces are the wall surfaces of the two walls. [Effects of the Invention]

[0028] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an orthoimage acquisition method that can easily acquire an orthoimage viewed from the front with little deviation from a direction perpendicular to an object plane when a protrusion protruding from the object plane is viewed from the front on the plane, as well as surveying components used therefor, and a design drawing creation method and design drawing creation system that use the acquired orthoimage. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a design drawing creation system 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 5 is an enlarged perspective view schematically illustrating a portion where the bracket 30 is attached to the bridge 50 (an attachment plane 52A on the side of a pier 52 of the bridge 50). [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view schematically illustrating the manner in which the bracket 30 is attached to the attachment surface 52A of the pier 52. [Figure 4] 1 is a flowchart showing the steps of an orthoimage acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a surveying member 10, in which (A) is a perspective view showing the surveying member 10 and (B) is a plan view showing the surveying member 10. FIG. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a surveying member 60, in which (A) is a perspective view showing the surveying member 60 and (B) is a plan view showing the surveying member 60. FIG. [Figure 7] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a surveying member 70, in which (A) is a perspective view showing the surveying member 70 and (B) is a plan view showing the surveying member 70. FIG. [Figure 8] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a surveying member 80, in which (A) is a perspective view showing the surveying member 80 and (B) is a plan view showing the surveying member 80. FIG. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a surveying member 90, in which (A) is a perspective view showing the surveying member 90 and (B) is a plan view showing the surveying member 90. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is assumed that appropriate orthoimages are acquired to be used for creating design drawings for fabricating a bracket 30 as shown in Fig. 3, i.e., a bracket 30 to be attached to a group of multiple anchor bolts 54 fixed to a mounting plane 52A on the side of a pier 52 of a bridge 50 (design drawings of the bracket 30 in which holes corresponding to each of the multiple anchor bolts 54 are provided with appropriate shapes and in correct positions), and that design drawings for fabricating the bracket 30 are created based on the acquired appropriate orthoimages. However, the subject of design drawings created using orthoimages acquired by the present invention is not limited to this, and can be a wide range of components to be attached to a plane of an object.

[0031] (1) Embodiments of an orthoimage acquisition method, a design drawing creation method, and a design drawing creation system Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a design drawing creation system 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a schematic enlargement of the portion where a bracket 30 is attached to a bridge 50 (the attachment surface 52A on the side of a pier 52 of the bridge 50), and Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a schematic enlargement of the manner in which the bracket 30 is attached to the attachment surface 52A of the pier 52.

[0032] The design drawing creation system 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a design drawing creation system that creates design drawings of an attachment member (here, a bracket 30) that is attached to an object plane (here, the attachment plane 52A of a pier 52 of a bridge 50), which is a flat surface of the object, via a protrusion (here, a group of anchor bolts 54) that protrudes from the object plane. The design drawing creation system is capable of calculating accurate orthoimages and creating appropriate design drawings of the attachment member (here, the bracket 30), and comprises a surveying member 10, a digital camera 20, and a computer 22. Specifically, the surveying member 10 is installed on the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52, and photographs of the surveying member 10 together with a group of anchor bolts 54 are taken from at least two different directions using a digital camera 20, and the photographic data is saved in a recording unit 20A. The photographic data saved in the recording unit 20A is then imported into a computer 22, and a three-dimensional model of the group of anchor bolts 54 and the surveying member 10 is constructed in a three-dimensional model construction unit 22A. An orthoimage of the constructed three-dimensional model viewed exactly from the front on the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 is calculated in an orthoimage calculation unit 22B, and the calculated orthoimage data is read into and reflected in the CAD software of a design drawing creation unit 22C, thereby creating a design drawing of the bracket 30.

[0033] As shown in Fig. 3, the bracket 30 has a mounting steel plate 30A, an upper steel plate 30B, and a reinforcing steel plate 30C, which are welded together to form the bracket 30. The mounting steel plate 30A has through holes (not shown) for inserting anchor bolts 54, each corresponding to one of the anchor bolts 54, and each anchor bolt 54 is inserted into the through holes in the mounting steel plate 30A. The mounting steel plate 30A is then placed on the mounting surface 52A of the pier 52 so that its surfaces abut against the mounting surface 52A of the pier 52, and is attached to the mounting surface 52A of the pier 52 as shown in Fig. 3 by tightening nuts 56 attached to each anchor bolt 54.

[0034] The holes provided in the mounting surface 52A of the pier 52 for installing the anchor bolts 54 may be positioned off-center from the original design positions to avoid rebar in the pier 52, etc. Even if there is no such reason, it is difficult to position the holes for installing the anchor bolts 54 with zero error from the original design positions. Furthermore, it is difficult to secure the anchor bolts 54 inserted into the holes provided for installing the anchor bolts 54 so that they are perfectly perpendicular to the mounting surface 52A. The anchor bolts 54 provided in the mounting surface 52A are secured to the mounting surface 52A at an inclination from the perpendicular direction, although the degree of inclination varies. Therefore, even if holes for the anchor bolts 54 are drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30 in the original design positions (the designed positions of the holes for the anchor bolts 54 provided in the mounting surface 52A), it is not guaranteed that the group of anchor bolts 54 can be smoothly inserted through the holes drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A, and the bracket 30 cannot be secured to the mounting surface 52A.

[0035] Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately reflect the position and inclination of each anchor bolt 54 provided on the mounting plane 52A when drilling holes for the anchor bolts 54 in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30. If the anchor bolts 54 are inclined from a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A, the holes provided in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30 should be elongated or have a larger diameter to take into account the inclination so that the bracket 30 can be mounted on the mounting plane 52A.

[0036] However, even if the bracket 30 is attached to the attachment plane 52A as described above, if the entire group of anchor bolts 54 is misaligned from the appropriate position, the bracket 30 cannot be said to be attached properly. To give a specific example, if the bracket 30 needs to be positioned so that its center is directly below a main girder (not shown) in the bridge 50 (directly below the center of the main girder in the width direction), the bracket 30 cannot be said to be attached properly if its center is misaligned from the center of the main girder of the bridge 50. If the amount of misalignment becomes greater than a certain amount and exceeds the allowable value, the bracket 30 will need to be reattached, which will require a great deal of effort and expense.

[0037] In order to properly attach the bracket 30 to the attachment location on the bridge 50 (the attachment plane 52A on the side of the pier 52 of the bridge 50), holes corresponding to each of the multiple anchor bolts 54 (holes that also take into account the inclination of each anchor bolt 54) must be provided in the bracket 30's attachment steel plate 30A with the appropriate shape and in the correct position.Furthermore, if the entire group of anchor bolts 54 is misaligned from the appropriate position, holes must be drilled in the bracket 30's attachment steel plate 30A to take that misalignment into account, so that the bracket 30 will be in the appropriate position after attachment to the attachment plane 52A.

[0038] To achieve this, the position and shape of the holes to be drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30 must be determined by appropriately reflecting the position and inclination of each anchor bolt 54 provided on the mounting plane 52A, and if the entire group of anchor bolts 54 is misaligned from the appropriate position, the design drawings must be created taking into account and reflecting the misalignment so as to correct it.

[0039] The orthoimages acquired by implementing the orthoimage acquisition method according to this embodiment can make a significant contribution to the creation of such appropriate design drawings. The orthoimage acquisition method according to this embodiment installs a predetermined surveying member (here, the surveying member 10) at a predetermined position (here, the intersection of the horizontal scribe line 32B and the vertical scribe line 32A drawn on the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 of the bridge 50) on an object plane (here, the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 of the bridge 50), takes photographs from at least two different directions that include a protrusion (here, a group of anchor bolts 54) protruding from the object plane and the predetermined surveying member (here, the surveying member 10) as subjects, uses data from the photographs to construct a 3D model of the group of anchor bolts 54 and the surveying member 10, and acquires an orthoimage of the constructed 3D model viewed from the front. The orthoimage acquired by implementing the orthoimage acquisition method of this embodiment is an image of a group of anchor bolts 54 and surveying members 10 protruding from the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 of the bridge 50, viewed accurately from the front with respect to the mounting plane 52A, and is an image that reflects the position and inclination of each anchor bolt 54 and the placement position of the surveying members 10.Therefore, if holes are drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30 to be attached to the mounting plane 52A based on the data of this orthoimage, the bracket 30 can be securely and properly attached to the mounting plane 52A.

[0040] Hereinafter, the procedure for acquiring an orthoimage by carrying out the orthoimage acquisition method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 (a flowchart showing the procedure of the orthoimage acquisition method according to the embodiment of the present invention) and the like.

[0041] (Step S1) As shown in Figure 2, a group of anchor bolts 54 is provided on a mounting plane 52A of a pier 52 of a bridge 50, and scribing lines 32 are drawn on the mounting plane 52A as reference positions for attaching the bracket 30 in an appropriate position. The scribing lines 32 are drawn in the vertical and horizontal directions, with the vertical scribing line 32A being a scribing line drawn in the vertical direction and the horizontal scribing line 32B being a scribing line drawn in the horizontal direction. The vertical scribing line 32A is a scribing line that indicates the position directly below the main girder (not shown) of the bridge 50 (the position directly below the center position of the main girder in the width direction), and the horizontal scribing line 32B is a scribing line that guides the height position of the bracket 30 attached to the mounting plane 52A to an appropriate height position.

[0042] When carrying out the orthoimage acquisition method according to this embodiment, first, the surveying member 10 is attached to a predetermined position on the attachment plane 52A (the intersection of the vertical marking line 32A and the horizontal marking line 32B) (step S1 in the flowchart of Figure 4).

[0043] Here, we will explain the surveying member 10, which plays an important role in the orthoimage acquisition method according to this embodiment. Fig. 5 shows the surveying member 10, with Fig. 5(A) being a perspective view of the surveying member 10 and Fig. 5(B) being a plan view of the surveying member 10. Note that in Fig. 5(A), the indication line of the reference plane 12B is a dashed line, which is intended to indicate the hidden back surface.

[0044] The surveying member 10 includes a reference plate 12, a protruding wall 14 that protrudes perpendicularly from the front surface 12A of the reference plate 12, and multiple dimensional reference points 16. The surveying member 10 functions to accurately determine the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A (the direction when the mounting plane 52A is viewed from the front), and also to provide a dimensional reference by appearing in the same photograph as the anchor bolt 54 so that the dimensions of the anchor bolt 54 can be calculated from the photograph. Another function of the surveying member 10 is to link the position of the anchor bolt 54 in the acquired orthoimage to the actual position of the pier 52 on the mounting plane 52A by positioning the surveying member 10 so that the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10 corresponds to a predetermined position on the mounting plane 52A.

[0045] The reference plate 12 is a part that is arranged parallel to the mounting plane 52A and is attached to the mounting plane 52A. A protruding wall 14 is arranged on the front surface 12A of the reference plate 12, and the back surface of the reference plate 12 (the surface opposite to the front surface 12A on which the protruding wall 14 is arranged) forms a flat reference plane 12B. The flat reference plane 12B of the reference plate 12 is attached to a predetermined position that serves as a reference for the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52, for example, by adhesive or a suction cup.

[0046] As shown in FIGS. 5(A) and 5(B), dimension reference points 16 are provided at multiple locations on the front surface 12A of the reference plate 12, and multiple dimension reference points 16 are provided on the surveying member 10. The dimension reference points 16 provided at multiple locations are provided in a manner that allows them to be distinguished from one another, so that it is possible to determine at which location on the surveying member 10 a dimension reference point 16 shown in a photograph is provided. In addition, the distance between two dimension reference points 16 (for example, the distance between the centers of the two dimension reference points 16 or the distance between opposing sides) is accurately measured in advance, and a pair of two dimension reference points 16 constitutes a dimension reference portion that serves as a dimension reference. Since the surveying member 10 has multiple dimension reference points 16, it has at least one dimension reference portion.

[0047] The protruding wall 14 is provided so as to protrude from the front surface 12A of the reference plate 12 in a direction perpendicular to the front surface 12A and the reference plane 12B, and is composed of two walls (a first protruding wall 14A and a second protruding wall 14B) that intersect at right angles. The center position of the intersection of the first protruding wall 14A and the second protruding wall 14B is the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10. The protruding walls 14 (first protruding wall 14A and second protruding wall 14B) are arranged to protrude from the front surface 12A in a direction perpendicular to the front surface 12A and the reference plane 12B, and when the reference plate-shaped body 12 is installed on the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52, the orthogonal plane 14A1, which is the wall surface of the first protruding wall 14A, and the orthogonal plane 14B1, which is the wall surface of the second protruding wall 14B, are perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52. Therefore, when the protruding wall 14 (first protruding wall 14A and second protruding wall 14B) is photographed in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A (the direction in which the mounting plane 52A is viewed from the front), i.e., in a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 extending in two different directions of the surveying member 10, the orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 that are the wall surfaces of the protruding wall 14 (first protruding wall 14A and second protruding wall 14B) will not be captured in the photograph. On the other hand, if the orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 that are the wall surfaces of the protruding wall 14 (first protruding wall 14A and second protruding wall 14B) are captured in the photograph, the direction in which the photograph was taken is a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 that extend in two different directions of the surveying member 10, i.e., a direction deviated from the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A (the direction in which the mounting plane 52A is viewed from the front). The data of the photographs taken is input into the computer 22, and the orthogonal image calculation unit 22B of the computer 22 performs calculations based on the manner in which the orthogonal planes 14A1 and 14B1 are captured, thereby easily determining the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A (the direction in which the mounting plane 52A is viewed from the front).

[0048] In step S1, the surveying member 10 described above is attached to the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 so that the reference plane 12B on the back side of the reference plate 12 (the surface opposite to the front surface 12A on which the protruding wall 14 is arranged) abuts against the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52. In detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the surveying member 10 is attached to the mounting plane 52A so that the first protruding wall 14A is aligned with the vertical marking line 32A and the second protruding wall 14B is aligned with the horizontal marking line 32B, and the surveying member 10 is installed so that the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10 is located on the intersection of the vertical marking line 32A and the horizontal marking line 32B (on a straight line extending from the intersection of the vertical marking line 32A and the horizontal marking line 32B in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A).

[0049] (Step S2) In step S1, the surveying member 10 is installed so that the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10 is located on the intersection of the vertical scribing line 32A and the horizontal scribing line 32B (on a straight line extending from the intersection of the vertical scribing line 32A and the horizontal scribing line 32B in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A). Then, in step S2, photographs are taken of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 as subjects from at least two different directions. A commercially available high-resolution digital camera with 20 million pixels or more can be used for the photographs. In step S4, described later, a three-dimensional model is constructed (data on the position coordinates of each point on the outline of the anchor bolt 54 is calculated). Convergence calculations are performed based on the photographic data to construct the three-dimensional model so as to minimize deviation from the photographic data used. Therefore, it is preferable to take many photographs (three or more photographs) from different directions to improve the accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model. Furthermore, by importing data from numerous photographs taken from multiple directions into computer 22 and analyzing it, it is possible to correct distortions caused by the lens of the digital camera used, and improve the accuracy of the 3D model created in step S4. However, in step S4, it is sufficient to construct a 3D model with the required accuracy (calculate data on the position coordinates of each point on the outline of anchor bolt 54 with the required accuracy), so it is sufficient to take as many photographs as necessary to achieve this goal.

[0050] (Step S3) The photographed data is imported into the analysis computer 22. The digital camera 20 may be equipped with a communication means (not shown) so that the photographed data can be wirelessly imported into the analysis computer 22. In this case, the photographed data can be imported into the computer 22 almost simultaneously with the photographing in step S2, and the 3D model construction process in the next step S4 (the process of calculating the position coordinates of each point on the outer shapes of the anchor bolts 54 and the surveying members 10) can be performed almost in real time. Furthermore, if there is an insufficient amount of photographic data to construct a 3D model with the required accuracy (to calculate the position coordinates of each point on the outer shapes of the anchor bolts 54 and the surveying members 10 with the required accuracy), or if there is insufficient photographic data taken from a specific direction, additional photographs as needed can be taken almost in real time.

[0051] (Step S4) Using the photographic data imported into the analysis computer 22, data on the position coordinates of each point on the outer shapes of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 is calculated, and a three-dimensional model of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 is constructed. In doing so, the analysis computer 22 refers to the distance data between the two dimension reference points 16 and calculates data on the position coordinates of each point on the outer shapes of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10, thereby linking the position coordinates of each point on the outer shapes of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 to the actual dimensions.

[0052] (Step S5) Of the photographic data imported into the computer 22, the orthoimage calculation unit 22B of the computer 22 performs an analysis based on data regarding the orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 of the surveying member 10, and calculates a direction orthogonal to the mounting plane 52A. The orthoimage calculation unit 22B then regards the calculated direction as a direction orthogonal to the mounting plane 52A, and calculates an orthoimage of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 by viewing the 3D models of the anchor bolt 54 and the surveying member 10 from the front with respect to the mounting plane 52A. The direction in which the orthoimage calculation unit 22B views the mounting plane 52A from the front is the direction that the orthoimage calculation unit 22B of the computer 22 performs an analysis based on data regarding the orthogonal surfaces 14A1 and 14B1 of the surveying member 10 and calculates as a direction orthogonal to the mounting plane 52A. Since this direction is accurately orthogonal to the mounting plane 52A, the orthoimage calculation unit 22B can calculate an accurate orthoimage.

[0053] (Step S6) The orthoimage data calculated in step S5 is imported into CAD software in design drawing creation unit 22C and reflected in the drawing for manufacturing bracket 30. The orthoimage calculated in step S5 is an image of a group of anchor bolts 54 protruding from mounting plane 52A of pier 52 of bridge 50 viewed accurately from the front with respect to mounting plane 52A, and is an image that reflects the position and inclination state of each anchor bolt 54. Therefore, if holes are drilled in mounting steel plate 30A of bracket 30 to be attached to mounting plane 52A based on the orthoimage data, bracket 30 can be securely attached to mounting plane 52A.

[0054] Furthermore, the orthoimage also depicts the surveying member 10, and the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10 is located at the intersection of the vertical scribing line 32A and the horizontal scribing line 32B (on a straight line extending from the intersection of the vertical scribing line 32A and the horizontal scribing line 32B in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plane 52A). Therefore, based on the reference point 14X of the surveying member 10 depicted in the orthoimage, the shape and position data of each anchor bolt 54 in the orthoimage can be linked to the mounting plane 52A of the pier 52 of the bridge 50, which is the actual site, to create a design drawing of the bracket 30. Therefore, if the entire group of anchor bolts 54 is deviated to a certain extent from the appropriate position (if the deviation is within a range that can be addressed by adjusting the positions of the group of holes to be drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30, for example), the deviation can be corrected and reflected in the design drawing of the bracket 30.

[0055] Note that if it is clear that the overall position of the group of anchor bolts 54 is appropriate, the bracket 30 may be manufactured assuming that the overall position of the group of anchor bolts 54 is appropriate. Since it is not necessary to consider whether the overall position of the group of anchor bolts 54 is misaligned, the bracket 30 may be manufactured with an emphasis on ensuring that the bracket 30 can be securely attached to the mounting plane 52A. In other words, assuming that the overall position of the group of anchor bolts 54 is appropriate, holes may be drilled in the mounting steel plate 30A of the bracket 30 to be attached to the mounting plane 52A based on data from the obtained orthoimage (an orthoimage reflecting the position and inclination of each anchor bolt 54). In this case, the 3D model constructed in step S4 may not include the surveying members 10, and a 3D model may be constructed using only the group of anchor bolts 54. In this case, the surveying members 10 will not be included in the orthoimage calculated in step S5 either.

[0056] (2) Supplementary information In the above-described embodiment, the bracket 30 is attached to the pier 52, but the object to which the bracket 30 is attached is not limited to the pier 52, and the present invention can be similarly applied to substructures such as abutments (not shown) of a bridge 50, and can also be applied to superstructures of a bridge. The present invention can also be applied to a wide range of protrusions that protrude from the plane of an object.

[0057] In the above-described embodiment, a pair of two dimension reference points 16 of the surveying member 10 constitutes a dimension reference portion that serves as a dimension reference, but the dimension reference portion is not limited to this configuration, and for example, a long plate-like member (e.g., a plate-like member having a shape commonly used as a ruler) whose length has been measured in advance can also be used as the dimension reference portion. Also, the length of the side of the reference plate-like body 12 of the surveying member 10 and the dimensions of the protruding wall 14 can be measured in advance and used as the dimension reference portion.

[0058] Furthermore, the shape etc. of the surveying member that can be used in the present invention is not limited to the shape etc. of the surveying member 10, and any surveying member that has two orthogonal planes that extend in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane and has dimensional parts at least some of the dimensions of which are known in advance can be used in the present invention, and when implementing the present invention, it is also possible to use, for example, surveying members 60, 70, 80, 90 as shown in Figures 6 to 9 instead of the surveying member 10.

[0059] Below, we will briefly explain these surveying members 60, 70, 80, and 90. However, among the components of the surveying members 60, 70, 80, and 90 shown in Figures 6 to 9, components that are similar to the components of the surveying member 10 will generally be given the same symbols and will not be explained further.

[0060] The surveying members 60, 70, and 80 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 are surveying members in which protrusions 62, 72, and 82 are provided on the front surface 12A of the reference plate 12. As shown in FIG. 6, the protrusion 62 of the surveying member 60 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and wall surfaces 62A and 62B of the rectangular parallelepiped are perpendicular to the reference plane 12B, which is the back surface of the reference plate 12. As shown in FIG. 7, the protrusion 72 of the surveying member 70 is a triangular prism, and wall surfaces 72A, 72B, and 72C of the triangular prism are perpendicular to the reference plane 12B, which is the back surface of the reference plate 12. As shown in FIG. 8, the protrusion 82 of the surveying member 80 is a cylinder, and a wall surface 82A of the cylinder is perpendicular to the reference plane 12B, which is the back surface of the reference plate 12. The wall surface 82A of the cylinder can be considered to be composed of a large number of rectangular wall surfaces with minute widths that are aligned in the circumferential direction and are perpendicular to the reference plane 12B.

[0061] 9 is a surveying member in which the thickness of the reference plate-shaped body 12 of the surveying member 10 itself is increased to form a protrusion 92. The protrusion 92 is a quadrangular prism with a square cross section, and its back surface forms a flat reference plane 92B, and wall surfaces 92A1 and 92A2 of the protrusion 92 (quadratic prism with a square cross section) are perpendicular to the reference plane 92B.

[0062] 6 to 9, there are various other possible surveying members that can be used in place of the surveying member 10 when implementing the present invention. Although not shown in the drawings, specific examples include an embodiment in which the square-shaped reference plate 12 is made into an equilateral triangle (a total of three dimension reference points 16 are arranged near the vertices of the front surface of the equilateral triangle), and an embodiment in which the protruding body 92 (a quadrangular prism with a square cross section) of the surveying member 90 shown in Fig. 9 is replaced with a triangular prism with a regular triangular cross section (a total of three dimension reference points 16 are arranged near the vertices of the front surface of the equilateral triangle). [Explanation of symbols]

[0063] 8...Design drawing creation system 10, 60, 70, 80, 90...Surveying materials 12...Reference plate 12A...Front side 12B, 92B…Reference plane 14...Protruding wall body 14A…First protruding wall body 14A1, 14B1...orthogonal surfaces 14B…Second protruding wall body 14X…Reference point 16...Dimension reference point 20...Digital camera 20A...Recording section 22...Computer 22A...3D model construction section 22B...Ortho image calculation unit 22C...Design Drawing Department 30…Bracket 30A...Mounting steel plate 30B…Upper steel plate 30C…Reinforced steel plate 32...Screen line 32A...Vertical scribe line 32B…Horizontal score line 50...Bridge 52...Bridge pier 52A...Installation plane 54...Anchor bolt 56...Nat 62, 72, 82, 92...protruding body 62A, 62B, 72A, 72B, 72C, 82A, 92A1, 92A2...wall

Claims

1. A method for acquiring an orthoimage of a protrusion protruding from an object plane, which is a plane in an object, comprising: a surveying member installation step of installing, on the object plane, a surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane and having a dimensional portion at least a part of which dimensions are known in advance; a photographing step of taking photographs including the protrusion and the surveying member as subjects from at least two different directions; a three-dimensional model construction step of constructing a three-dimensional model of the protrusion using data of the photograph taken in the photographing step; an orthoimage acquisition step of acquiring an orthoimage of the three-dimensional model constructed in the three-dimensional model construction step viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; and In the three-dimensional model construction step, by referring to the dimensional portion of the surveying member, data on the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member are calculated, and the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member are linked to actual dimensions; An orthoimage acquisition method characterized in that, in the orthoimage acquisition process, the direction in which the three-dimensional model is viewed from the front is set to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes extending in the two different directions of the surveying member.

2. A method for acquiring an orthoimage of a protrusion protruding from an object plane, which is a plane in an object, comprising: a surveying member installation step of installing a surveying member on the object plane, the surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane, a dimensional portion having at least a part of dimensions known in advance, and a predetermined reference point; a photographing step of taking photographs including the protrusion and the surveying member as subjects from at least two different directions; a three-dimensional model construction step of constructing a three-dimensional model including the protrusion and the surveying member together using data of the photograph taken in the photographing step; an orthoimage acquisition step of acquiring an orthoimage of the three-dimensional model constructed in the three-dimensional model construction step viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; and In the surveying member installation step, the surveying member is installed on the object plane so that the predetermined reference point of the surveying member is located at a predetermined position that serves as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane; In the three-dimensional model construction step, by referring to the dimensional portion of the surveying member, data on the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member are calculated, and the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member are linked to actual dimensions; An orthoimage acquisition method characterized in that, in the orthoimage acquisition process, the direction in which the three-dimensional model is viewed from the front is set to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes extending in the two different directions of the surveying member.

3. The orthoimage acquisition method according to claim 2 , wherein the object plane is a mounting plane on which other members are mounted.

4. On the object plane, scribe lines serving as references for the position of the protrusion on the object plane are drawn in two directions so as to intersect with each other; The orthoimage acquisition method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined position serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane in the surveying member installation step is the position where the intersecting marking lines intersect.

5. On the object plane, scribe lines serving as references for the position of the protrusion on the object plane are drawn in two directions so as to intersect at right angles, The two orthogonal surfaces of the surveying member are orthogonal to each other, the predetermined position serving as a reference for the position of the protrusion on the object plane in the surveying member installation step is a position where the marking lines intersect at right angles, 4. The orthoimage acquisition method according to claim 3, wherein in the surveying member installation step, the surveying member is installed on the mounting plane so that the two orthogonal surfaces of the surveying member are aligned with the marking lines that intersect at right angles.

6. The orthoimage acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the three-dimensional model construction process, a convergence calculation is performed to minimize the deviation from the data of the photograph used to construct the three-dimensional model.

7. A design drawing creation method comprising a design drawing creation step of creating a design drawing of a component to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion using data of the orthoimage acquired by the orthoimage acquisition method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

8. 8. The method for creating design drawings according to claim 7, wherein the object is a structure fixed to the ground surface.

9. 8. The method for creating design drawings according to claim 7, wherein the object is a substructure of a bridge.

10. A design drawing creation system for creating a design drawing of a component to be attached to an object plane via a protrusion protruding from the object plane, the design drawing creation system comprising: a surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane and having a dimensional portion the dimensions of which at least a portion of which are known in advance; a photographing means for photographing the surveying member installed on the object plane together with the protrusion from at least two different directions; a three-dimensional model construction unit that constructs a three-dimensional model of the protrusion using data on the photograph taken by the photographing means; an orthoimage calculation unit that calculates an orthoimage of the three-dimensional model constructed by the three-dimensional model construction unit viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; a design drawing creation unit that creates a design drawing of a member to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion using data of the orthoimage calculated by the orthoimage calculation unit; and the three-dimensional model construction unit calculates data on the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member by referring to the dimensional portion of the surveying member, thereby linking the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member with actual dimensions; A design drawing creation system characterized in that the orthoimage calculation unit sets the direction in which the three-dimensional model is viewed from the front to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes extending in the two different directions of the surveying member.

11. A design drawing creation system for creating a design drawing of a component to be attached to an object plane via a protrusion protruding from the object plane, the design drawing creation system comprising: a surveying member having two orthogonal planes extending in two different directions perpendicular to the object plane, a dimensional portion having at least a part of dimensions known in advance, and a predetermined reference point; a photographing means for photographing the surveying member installed on the object plane together with the protrusion from at least two different directions; a three-dimensional model construction unit that constructs a three-dimensional model of the protrusion and the surveying member using data on the photograph taken by the photographing means; an orthoimage calculation unit that calculates an orthoimage of the three-dimensional model constructed by the three-dimensional model construction unit viewed from the front with respect to the object plane; a design drawing creation unit that creates a design drawing of a member to be attached to the object plane via the protrusion using data of the orthoimage calculated by the orthoimage calculation unit; and the three-dimensional model construction unit calculates data on the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member by referring to the dimensional portion of the surveying member, thereby linking the position coordinates of each point on the contours of the protrusion and the surveying member with actual dimensions; A design drawing creation system characterized in that the orthoimage calculation unit sets the direction in which the three-dimensional model is viewed from the front to a direction parallel to both of the two orthogonal planes extending in the two different directions of the surveying member.

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