Access method and device and communication system

Abstract

To provide an access method and a device, and a communication system for supporting batch access of terminals.SOLUTION: An access method includes a step (S210) of a network control device transmitting resource configuration information. The resource configuration information is used to configure a first time-frequency resource used for access of a plurality of terminals. The access method also includes a step (S220) of receiving access information from at least one of the plurality of terminals on the first time-frequency resource. The access information on the terminal includes at least one of first identification information identifying the terminal or status information indicating a status of the terminal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to short-range communication, and more particularly to an access method and apparatus and a communication system in the field of communication technology. [Background technology]

[0002] As people's demand for personalized driving experiences grows, intelligent cockpit services play an increasingly important role in people's driving processes. An intelligent cockpit typically includes multiple devices, such as a cockpit domain controller (CDC), on-board speakers, on-board microphones, on-board displays, intelligent terminals, and other portable devices. The CDC establishes wired or wireless connections to various devices and communicates with these devices to provide people with richer entertainment, audio, video, and office experiences.

[0003] In existing wireless communication systems, multiple terminals randomly reach out and sequentially initiate random access, e.g., contention-based random access, to a limited, fixed time-frequency resource in order to establish a connection to a network device.

[0004] However, when a vehicle equipped with an intelligent cockpit is powered on, if all the on-board terminals in the cockpit initiate contention-based random access to the limited fixed time-frequency resource within a short time period, serious resource collisions will occur, and therefore batch access of on-board terminals cannot be realized. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an access method and apparatus and a communication system for supporting batch access of terminals. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an access method. The method may be applied to a communication system, the communication system including a network controller and a plurality of terminals. The method includes: a step in which the network controller transmits resource configuration information, the resource configuration information being used to configure a first time-frequency resource used by the plurality of terminals to access a network; at least one of the plurality of terminals transmits access information of each of the at least one terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency resource, the access information of the terminal including at least one of first identification information or status information, the first identification information identifying the terminal and the status information indicating a state of the terminal; and the network controller receives the access information of each of the at least one terminal on the first time-frequency resource. Specifically, the above "access" refers to an initial access.

[0007] Optionally, the network control device and the plurality of terminals may be in a plurality of forms, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the network control device may be a CDC in the cabin, the multiple terminals may be multiple on-board terminals in the cabin, and the vehicle manufacturer integrates the CDC and the multiple on-board terminals into the vehicle in which the cabin is located.

[0009] It should be noted that before the network controller transmits the resource configuration information, the terminals are in a disconnected state, i.e., none of the terminals has access to or established a connection to the network controller.

[0010] Furthermore, it should be noted that the unconnected state in this embodiment of the present application may include an idle state or a deactivated state.

[0011] In other words, the state of the terminal may include a connected state and a disconnected state, and the disconnected state may include an idle state or a deactivated state.

[0012] Optionally, before the network controller transmits the resource configuration information, the network controller needs to first determine the first time-frequency resource.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource is an available time-frequency resource in a communication area where a network controller is located, and compared with the pre-configured limited fixed time-frequency resource in an existing random access scheme, the available time-frequency resource can provide more sufficient resources to satisfy group access of multiple terminals.

[0014] For example, the first time-frequency resource may include all available time-frequency resources in a communications region in which the network controller is located.

[0015] It should be noted that all available time-frequency resources in this embodiment of the present application can be referred to as all time-frequency resources that can be used for initial access. Furthermore, all time-frequency resources occupy at least one time domain resource unit (or a first time domain length) and at least one frequency domain resource unit (or a first frequency domain bandwidth). When the vehicle is just powered on, there is no on-board device to access, so all available time-frequency resources can be used as access resources.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after multiple terminals have completed initial access on all time-frequency resources used for initial access, the network controller may transmit a system broadcast message used to indicate that initial access has been completed. Correspondingly, subsequent terminals having access requirements may perform random access on the pre-configured limited time-frequency resources used for random access according to existing random access methods.

[0017] Furthermore, it should be noted that all available time-frequency resources or all time-frequency resources used for initial access are available in the communications domain and do not include time-frequency resources of symbols used to carry system control plane overhead (e.g., symbols carrying pilot signals, synchronization signals, control signals, or broadcast signals).

[0018] In other words, all available time-frequency resources, or all time-frequency resources used for initial access, do not include time-frequency resources used for control information or control signals. Control information herein may include control signals used to schedule data, such as broadcast channel information and data feedback information. Control signals herein may include at least one of a synchronization signal, an access channel signal, a channel sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc.

[0019] In the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, in a group access or batch access scenario, when a vehicle is just powered on, there are no terminals for access in the communication area where the network controller is located. Therefore, the network controller can calculate or determine all available time-frequency resources in the current communication area and allocate all time-frequency resources to these terminals for group access or batch access. This can meet the requirements of group access or batch access and reduce the probability of resource conflicts occurring during terminal access.

[0020] Optionally, the network controller can determine the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In one possible implementation, a case where a network controller and multiple terminals belong to a first communication area is used as an example. The network controller can receive a system broadcast message from a second network controller in a second communication area, where the system broadcast message indicates all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area. The network controller can determine first time-frequency resources based on all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area, where all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area are different from the first time-frequency resources.

[0022] Optionally, the first communication area and the second communication area may belong to the same cabin or different cabins, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0023] The manner in which the network control device determines the first time-frequency resource has been described above only by using an example in which the network control device determines the first time-frequency resource based on all the time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication region, but this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0024] Optionally, the network control device can determine the first time-frequency resource based on all time-frequency resources occupied by a plurality of communication areas, where the plurality of communication areas includes the second communication area, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0025] In another possible implementation, the network controller may obtain the first time-frequency resource by using a higher layer network device. The higher layer network device can calculate all available time-frequency resources in the communication area where each network controller is located and allocate all time-frequency resources to each network controller. Optionally, the network controller receives indication information from another network device, where the indication information indicates the first time-frequency resource.

[0026] Optionally, the network controller may send the resource configuration information in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0027] In a first possible implementation, the network controller may transmit resource configuration information to each of a plurality of terminals.

[0028] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may send a multicast message, the multicast message including the resource configuration information and a multicast address.

[0029] It should be noted that a multicast address is an address for a group of terminals, and messages sent to that address can be received by the terminals in that group.

[0030] Optionally, the multicast message may further include terminal quantity information, which indicates the number of terminals corresponding to the multicast address.

[0031] In a third possible implementation, the network controller may send a system broadcast message that includes the resource configuration information.

[0032] According to the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, the network controller uses multicast messages or system broadcast messages to transmit resource configuration information, which can reduce transmission delay and improve access efficiency.

[0033] Optionally, at least one of the plurality of terminals transmitting respective access information of the at least one terminal to the network control device on the first time-frequency resource may include: the first terminal transmitting the access information of the first terminal to the network control device on the first time-frequency resource; and correspondingly, the network control device receiving the access information of the first terminal on the first time-frequency resource.

[0034] The first terminal is any one of the at least one terminal, and the process of another terminal in the at least one terminal performing S220 is the same as the process of the first terminal performing S220. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described again here.

[0035] Optionally, the access information may be carried in an access message, in which case the access message is obtained by performing modulation and coding on the access information by using predefined modulation and coding information, where the modulation and coding information includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme, a channel coding scheme, and a bit rate.

[0036] Correspondingly, the network controller may decode the access message based on the preconfigured modulation and coding information to obtain the access information.

[0037] Optionally, the network controller and the first terminal can obtain modulation and coding information in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0038] In a first possible implementation, the modulation and coding information may be predefined in a communication protocol, and the first terminal and the network controller may determine the modulation and coding information based on the communication protocol.

[0039] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may send first access configuration information to the first terminal, where the first access configuration information is used to configure modulation and coding information. Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the first access configuration information from the network controller and determines the modulation and coding information based on the first access configuration information. Specifically, the first access configuration information may be transmitted to the first terminal in advance or together with the resource configuration information.

[0040] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the first access configuration information may be transmitted in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0041] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may agree on modulation and coding information in advance.

[0042] Optionally, the access information of the first terminal may include at least one of first identification information or status information, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that the first identification information may be understood as information that can uniquely identify the identity of the first terminal in the communication area in which the first terminal is located.

[0044] Optionally, the identification information (e.g., first identification information) of the terminal in this embodiment of the present application may include at least one of a device identifier, a media access control (MAC) address, a soft address, and a short address.

[0045] Optionally, the terminal identification information (for example, the first identification information) in this embodiment of the present application may include at least one field. The network control device and the first terminal can define the meaning of different fields in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the identification information may include a first field, the first field indicating a device type, and / or the identification information may include a second field, the second field indicating a device function, and / or the identification information may include a third field, the third field indicating a device number.

[0047] It should be noted that status information may be understood as information that can indicate the current state of the first terminal.

[0048] Optionally, the first terminal may include a first state or a second state.

[0049] For example, the first state may be a "normal state" and the second state may be an "abnormal state."

[0050] Optionally, when the status information indicates that the status of the first terminal is in an "abnormal state", the status information may further include exception indication information, which indicates the cause of the exception of the first terminal.

[0051] Optionally, the status information can indicate the status of the first terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the status information may include at least one bit, and the status information can indicate a current status of the first terminal by using the at least one bit.

[0053] In another possible implementation, the status information may include exception indication information, which indicates that the status of the first terminal is in an "abnormal state" and indicates the cause of the exception.

[0054] Optionally, the at least one terminal may include some or all of the plurality of terminals, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Since some terminals may be in an abnormal state after power-on, for example, they may encounter an equipment failure, a line failure, or a network failure, the network control device may agree in advance with the plurality of terminals that only terminals in a normal state report access information to the network control device, and terminals in an abnormal state do not need to report access information, in which case the at least one terminal includes a terminal in a normal state among the plurality of terminals.

[0056] Optionally, the first terminal can send the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0057] In a first possible implementation, the first terminal may transmit its access information to the network controller on a first time-frequency resource in the manner of a contention-based resource.

[0058] Since the first time-frequency resource indicates all available time-frequency resources in the communication area where the network controller is located, the resource size of the first time-frequency resource is larger than the resource size of the pre-configured limited time-frequency resource used for random access in the existing contention-based random access method, which can reduce the probability of resource conflicts occurring during access by multiple terminals.

[0059] In a second possible implementation, the first terminal can determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal from the first time-frequency resource, and the first terminal transmits the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0060] It should be noted that the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in this embodiment of the present application can be understood as the time-frequency resource used by the first terminal to report access information.

[0061] In other words, the first time-frequency resource may include at least one second time-frequency resource, and the at least one second time-frequency resource is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one terminal.

[0062] It is further noted that the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the plurality of terminals are orthogonal to each other, in other words, the second time-frequency resources corresponding to any two terminals do not overlap with each other in the time-frequency or frequency domain.

[0063] According to the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the multiple terminals are orthogonal to each other, so that the probability of resource conflict occurring during the access of the multiple terminals can be avoided.

[0064] Optionally, the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal may be determined by using at least one of a second identification information of the first terminal, a resource size of the first time-frequency resource, a resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, or at least one pre-configured value.

[0065] The second identification information of the first terminal may be understood as information that can uniquely identify the identity of the terminal in the communication area in which the first terminal is located.

[0066] Optionally, the second identification information may include at least one of a device identifier, a MAC address, a soft address, or a short address.

[0067] Optionally, the first identification information and the second identification information of the first terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0068] For example, the first identification information may include a MAC address and the second identification information may include a soft address.

[0069] In another example, the first identification information may include a MAC address and a device identifier, and the second identification information may include a soft address.

[0070] Optionally, the first terminal may determine the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the first terminal can determine the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the modulation and coding information and the size of the access information.

[0072] In a second possible implementation, before S220, the first terminal may receive second access configuration information from a network control device, and the second access configuration information is used to configure the resource size of a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0073] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the second access configuration information may be carried in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0074] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may pre-agree on the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, in other words, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource is pre-configured or pre-defined.

[0075] It should be noted that the at least one pre-configured value may be a pre-configured value used to determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the at least one value may include a first value, the first value indicating a quantity of terminals.

[0077] For example, the number of terminals may indicate the number of terminals in a group corresponding to a multicast address.

[0078] As another example, the quantity of terminals may be the number of terminals that place incoming calls by the network controller based on resource configuration information.

[0079] Optionally, the at least one value may be pre-configured for the terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0080] In a first possible implementation, the at least one value may be pre-configured in a communication protocol, and the first terminal may obtain the at least one value based on the communication protocol.

[0081] In a second possible implementation, before S220, the first terminal may receive third access configuration information from a network control device, and the third access configuration information is used to configure the at least one value.

[0082] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the third access configuration information may be carried in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0083] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may agree on said at least one value in advance.

[0084] Optionally, the first terminal can determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal from the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0085] In a first possible implementation, the first terminal may determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the resource size of the first time-frequency resource and the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0086] It should be noted that since the network control device and the first terminal may be manufactured by the same vehicle manufacturer, the vehicle manufacturer may pre-configure the network control device with relevant information used to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal (e.g., the second identification information of the first terminal, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, and the at least one value) and the calculation rule of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. Thus, the network control device does not need to perform additional signaling interactions with the first terminal to obtain the relevant information needed to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. This can reduce signaling overhead and reduce access delay.

[0087] Optionally, the network control device and the first terminal may agree in advance on a division rule and a numbering rule of resource blocks in the first time-frequency resource, and the network control device and the first terminal can determine the number of each resource block in the first time-frequency resource and the resource size of each resource block according to the numbering rule and the division rule.

[0088] In other words, the network controller and the first terminal can use the same method to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0089] In a second possible implementation, the first terminal can determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the resource size of the first time-frequency resource, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, and second identification information of the first terminal.

[0090] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal can determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on second identification information of the first terminal and a first value, where the at least one value includes the first value.

[0091] Optionally, at least two terminals in the plurality of terminals may have different attributes, and the network controller may use the resource configuration information to configure different sub-resources for the terminals with different attributes, and the first time-frequency resource includes the sub-resources corresponding to those terminals with different attributes.

[0092] Optionally, the attributes may include at least one of a device type, a multicast address, or a device priority.

[0093] In one possible implementation, for example, the plurality of terminals includes a first terminal having a first attribute and a second terminal having a second attribute, the first terminal corresponding to a first time-frequency sub-resource in the first time-frequency resource, and the second terminal corresponding to a second time-frequency sub-resource in the first time-frequency resource. The first terminal transmitting the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency resource may include: the first terminal transmitting the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency sub-resource; and correspondingly, the network controller receiving the access information of the first terminal on the first time-frequency sub-resource.

[0094] It should be noted that at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources of the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to terminals with different attributes is different.

[0095] In other words, the first time-frequency sub-resource does not overlap with at least one of the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource of the second time-frequency sub-resource.

[0096] According to the access method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the network controller configures different time-frequency sub-resources for terminals with different attributes, and the terminals with different attributes perform access to the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the attributes to which the terminals belong, which can reduce the probability of resource conflict occurring during access between terminals with different attributes.

[0097] It should be noted that for the method for the first terminal to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in the first time-frequency sub-resource, refer to the above-mentioned method for determining the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in the first time-frequency resource. The only difference is that the resource size of the first time-frequency resource is replaced by the resource size of the first time-frequency sub-resource. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described again here.

[0098] Optionally, the method may further include: the network control device determining that at least one first target terminal of the at least one terminal successfully performs access.

[0099] Optionally, the network control device can determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0100] In a first possible implementation, the network control device may determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access based on the access information of each of the at least one terminal.

[0101] In other words, the network control device successfully obtains the access information of each of the at least one terminal through parsing.

[0102] In a second possible implementation, the network control device may determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access based on the access information of each of the at least one first target terminal.

[0103] Optionally, the method includes: a network control device sending indication information to the at least one first target terminal, where the indication information indicates that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access; correspondingly, each of the at least one first target terminal receives the indication information from the network control device and determines that the access is successful based on the indication information.

[0104] Optionally, the network control device can send the indication information to the at least one first target terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0105] In one possible implementation, the network controller may send indication information to each of the at least one first target terminal.

[0106] In another possible implementation, the network controller may send a system broadcast message, where the system broadcast message includes the indication information.

[0107] Optionally, the indication information may indicate that the at least one first target terminal has successfully performed access in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0108] In a first possible implementation, the instruction information may include third identification information of each of the at least one first target terminal, and the third identification information of each first target terminal indicates that first target terminal.

[0109] It should be noted that the third identification information may include at least one of a device identifier, a MAC address, a soft address, or a short address of the first target terminal.

[0110] Optionally, the third identification information of the first target terminal may be the same as or different from the first identification information reported when access is requested, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0111] In a second possible implementation, the instruction information may include third identification information of each of the at least one second target terminal, wherein the third identification information of each second target terminal indicates that second target terminal, and the at least one second target terminal is a terminal among the at least one terminal that fails to perform access.

[0112] Optionally, the method includes: a network controller transmitting scheduling information to the at least one first target terminal, the scheduling information indicating a third time-frequency resource to be used for each of the at least one first target terminal; and correspondingly, each first target terminal receiving the scheduling information from the network controller and transmitting data with the network controller on the third time-frequency resource.

[0113] Optionally, the network controller can send scheduling information to the at least one first target terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0114] In a first possible implementation, the network control device may transmit scheduling information for each first target terminal to each first target terminal, where the scheduling information for each first target terminal indicates a third time-frequency resource for each first target terminal.

[0115] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may transmit a system broadcast message, the system broadcast message including scheduling information, the scheduling information indicating a third time-frequency resource for each first target terminal.

[0116] For example, the scheduling information indicates a correspondence between the identity of each first target terminal and the third time-frequency resource of each first target terminal.

[0117] In a third possible implementation, if the quantity of the at least one target terminal is greater than one, the network controller may perform group-based scheduling for the at least one target terminal.

[0118] It should be noted that in order to reduce signaling overhead, the network control may send scheduling information directly to the at least one target terminal without sending indication information to the at least one target terminal.

[0119] In other words, if the scheduling information is received, the first target terminal can determine that the first target terminal will successfully perform access.

[0120] Optionally, on the second time-frequency resource, at least one second target terminal of said at least one terminal that fails to perform access may re-initiate access to the network controller.

[0121] In one possible implementation, each of the at least one second target terminal may transmit access information of the respective second target terminal to the network controller on a fourth time-frequency resource, and correspondingly, the network controller receives access information from the at least one second target terminal on the fourth time-frequency resource.

[0122] Specifically, each second target terminal may transmit access information of the respective second target terminal to the network controller on a fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the respective second target terminal, where the fourth time-frequency resource includes the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to each of the plurality of second target terminals. Correspondingly, the network controller receives access information from each second target terminal on the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the respective second target terminal.

[0123] It should be noted that the process in which the second target terminal transmits the access information of the second target terminal to the network control device on the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the second target terminal refers to the process in which the first terminal transmits the access information of the first terminal to the network control device on the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described again here.

[0124] Optionally, the first time-frequency resource includes a fourth time-frequency resource, or the fourth time-frequency resource is different from the first time-frequency resource.

[0125] In a first possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource may include a second time-frequency resource and a fourth time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal.

[0126] It should be noted that the starting time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the ending time of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal in the time domain.

[0127] In a second possible implementation, when at least two terminals among the plurality of terminals have different attributes, the first time-frequency resource may include time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the terminals with the different attributes and a fourth time-frequency resource.

[0128] It should be noted that the start time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the end time of the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to terminals with different attributes in the time domain.

[0129] In conclusion, the first time-frequency resource may include two phases in the time domain: the first phase is used by multiple terminals to perform group or batch access, and the second phase is used by terminals that fail to perform access in the first phase to perform access again.

[0130] In a third possible implementation, the fourth time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource other than the first time-frequency resource.

[0131] It should be noted that the start time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the end time of the first time-frequency resource in the time domain.

[0132] In conclusion, the first time-frequency resource is used by the multiple terminals to perform group access or batch access, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used by terminals that fail to perform access on the first time-frequency resource to perform access again.

[0133] Optionally, the second target terminal can determine the fourth time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the resource configuration information is further used to configure a fourth time-frequency resource to be used again to perform access by said at least one second target terminal.

[0135] In another possible implementation, the network controller may send fourth access configuration information to the at least one second target terminal, the fourth access configuration information indicating a fourth time-frequency resource.

[0136] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access control method, the method being applied to a network control device, the method including steps performed by the network control device according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0137] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access control method, the method being applied to a terminal, the method including steps performed by the terminal according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0138] According to a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide an access control device configured to perform the method performed by the network control device according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. Specifically, the access device may include a unit configured to perform the method implemented by the network control device according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0139] According to a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide an access device configured to perform the method performed by a terminal according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. Specifically, the access device may include a unit configured to perform the method implemented by a terminal according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0140] According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access control device. The device includes a memory, at least one processor, a transceiver, and instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The memory, the processor, and the communication interface communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The at least one processor executes the instructions, thereby causing the access device to implement the method performed by the network control device according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the access controller may be a network controller, for example a CDC.

[0142] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an access device. The device includes a memory, at least one processor, a transceiver, and instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The memory, the processor, and the communication interface communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The at least one processor executes the instructions, thereby causing the access device to implement a method performed by a terminal according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the access device may be a terminal.

[0144] According to an eighth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium configured to store a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions used to implement a method to be performed by a network controller or a method to be performed by a terminal according to the first aspect or a possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0145] According to a ninth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform a method performed by a network controller or a method performed by a terminal according to the above aspects or any possible implementation of the above aspects.

[0146] According to a tenth aspect, the present application further provides a chip device including an input interface, an output interface, and at least one processor. Optionally, the chip device further includes a memory. The at least one processor is configured to execute code in the memory. When the at least one processor executes the code, the chip device implements a method performed by a network controller or a method performed by a terminal according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0147] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0148] [Figure 2] 1 is another schematic block diagram of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0149] [Figure 3] 2 is a schematic flow chart of an access method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] [Figure 4] 3 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0151] [Figure 5] 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 400 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0152] [Figure 6] 5 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0153] [Figure 7] 6 is a schematic block diagram of a chip 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0154] The following describes the technical solutions of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0155] 1 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 100 includes at least one communication area. FIG. 1 shows a communication area 110. The communication area 110 includes a primary node 111 and at least one secondary node 112.

[0156] It should be noted that the primary node 111 in this embodiment of the present application is a device that can communicate with the secondary nodes 112 and has the ability to manage the secondary nodes 112 (e.g., schedule resources for the secondary nodes 112).

[0157] Furthermore, it should be noted that the secondary node 112 in this embodiment of the present application is a device that can be subject to the management of the primary node 111 and has the ability to carry out communications by using resources allocated by the primary node 111.

[0158] Optionally, the communication area 110 is applicable to a cockpit (also called a cabin) of a vehicle (eg, an intelligent vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a digital vehicle).

[0159] In one possible implementation, the primary node 111 may be a network controller and the secondary node 112 may be a terminal.

[0160] Optionally, the network controller can be in multiple forms, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0161] In one possible implementation, the network controller may be a separate device.

[0162] In another possible implementation, the network controller may be integrated into another device as a functional module or chip device.

[0163] It should be noted that the network control device in this embodiment of the present application may be referred to as an access device or a radio access network device, and may be an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the access device may be a relay station, an access point, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, an access device in a 5G network, or a network device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN), or a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system. This is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0164] Optionally, the access device is a device in a radio access network (RAN) or a RAN node through which a terminal accesses the radio network. By way of example and not limitation, the access network device may be a gNB, a transmission reception point (TRP), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a NodeB (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home base station (e.g., a home evolved NodeB or Home NodeB, HNB), a baseband unit (BU), a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access point (AP), etc. In a network structure, the network equipment may include a centralized unit (CU) node, or a distributed unit (DU) node, a RAN equipment including a CU node and a DU node, or a RAN equipment including a control plane CU node (CU-CP node), a user plane CU node (CU-UP node), and a DU node.

[0165] Optionally, the terminal can be in multiple forms, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the terminal may be a separate device.

[0167] In another possible implementation, the terminal may be integrated into another device as a functional module or chip device.

[0168] It should be noted that the terminal in this embodiment of the present application may be a device that provides voice / data connectivity for a user, such as a handheld device or an in-vehicle device with wireless connectivity. Currently, some examples of terminals are mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, palmtop computers, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in self-driving vehicles, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, and terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs). This is not limited to this embodiment of the present application.

[0169] It should be noted that wearable devices, which may also be referred to as wearable intelligent devices, are a general term for wearable devices such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes that are developed by applying wearable technology in the intelligent design of everyday objects. Wearable devices are portable devices that can be worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.

[0170] Furthermore, it should be noted that in this embodiment of the present application, the terminals are classified into "vehicle-mounted terminals" and "non-vehicle-mounted terminals" based on the relationship between the terminals and the cockpit.

[0171] An "on-board terminal," also referred to as an on-board unit (OBU), is a device that is integrated into or installed in the cockpit area and belongs to part of the cockpit area, such as an on-board speaker, an on-board microphone, or an on-board display. In general, an on-board terminal may be a device that is factory-installed in the vehicle by the vehicle manufacturer.

[0172] A "non-vehicle terminal" is a device that is located within the cockpit area and can communicate or connect with other devices in the cockpit area, but is not part of the cockpit, such as a user's intelligent terminal, tablet computer, Bluetooth headset, or wearable device.

[0173] In one possible implementation, the network control device in this embodiment of the present application may be a cockpit domain controller (CDC), and the at least one terminal may include at least one of an on-board terminal or a non-on-board terminal.

[0174] For example, the CDC can communicate with an in-vehicle display, an intelligent terminal, and an in-vehicle speaker.

[0175] It should be noted that the vehicle manufacturer may integrate both the CDC and the at least one on-board terminal into the vehicle, for example in the cabin area of ​​the vehicle.

[0176] In another possible implementation, the network control device in this embodiment of the present application may be an intelligent terminal, and the at least one terminal may include at least one of an in-vehicle terminal or a non-in-vehicle terminal.

[0177] For example, the intelligent terminal can communicate with an in-car speaker, a Bluetooth headset, and an in-car microphone.

[0178] Optionally, the network controller may communicate with the terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0179] In one possible implementation, the network controller may communicate with the terminal in a wired manner.

[0180] It should be noted that the aforementioned wired method may be to implement communication through a data cable connection or an internal bus connection.

[0181] In another possible implementation, the network controller may communicate with the terminal in a wireless manner.

[0182] It should be noted that the aforementioned wireless schemes may implement communication through a communication network. The communication network may be a local area network, or a wide area network forwarded using a relay device, or may include a local area network and a wide area network. For example, if the communication network is a local area network, the communication network may be a Wi-Fi hotspot network, a Wi-Fi P2P network, a Bluetooth network, a ZigBee network, a near field communication (NFC) network, or a possible future universal short-range communication network. For example, if the communication network is a wide area network, the communication network may be a 3rd-generation wireless telephone technology (3G) network, a 4th-generation mobile communication technology (4G) network, a 5th-generation mobile communication technology (5G) network, a PLMN, or the Internet. This is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0183] It should be noted that Figure 1 only shows an example of communication area 110, and communication system 100 may include additional communication areas. As shown in Figure 2, communication system 100 may further include communication area 120, which may include a primary node 121 and at least one secondary node 122, and primary node 121 may communicate with said at least one secondary node 122.

[0184] It should be noted that communication area 110 may be in communication with communication area 120 .

[0185] For example, two principal nodes that belong to different communication domains can communicate with each other.

[0186] Optionally, the communication area 120 is applicable to a cockpit (also called a cabin) of a vehicle (eg, an intelligent vehicle, an electric vehicle, or a digital vehicle).

[0187] Optionally, the communication region 110 and the communication region 120 may belong to different regions within the same vehicle (or cabin). For example, the communication region 110 is an entertainment region and the communication region 120 is a driving region. Alternatively, the communication region 110 and the communication region 120 may belong to different vehicles (cabins). This is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0188] In existing wireless communication systems, terminals access network devices through random access, e.g., contention-based random access. Access requirements follow a Poisson distribution due to the random arrival of terminals. That is, the access requests of terminals are approximately averaged over time. When a terminal requests random access, there are other terminals being served in the system.

[0189] The network device typically allocates some limited fixed time-frequency resources from the currently available time-frequency resources to the terminal for random access, for example, two fixed symbols within an available time-domain slot and two fixed subcarriers within the available frequency-domain bandwidth, while the other available time-frequency resources are used to maintain and guarantee the service of other terminals.

[0190] However, when a vehicle is powered on, there may be a scenario in which multiple onboard terminals within the cockpit's communication area all initiate access requests to the CDC within a short period of time. In the above scenario of terminal batch or group access, if multiple onboard terminals were to perform contention-based random access by using existing random access methods, i.e., by using fixed, limited time-frequency resources used for random access, serious resource conflicts may occur. Therefore, batch or group access of onboard terminals cannot be realized.

[0191] The embodiments of the present application provide an access method and apparatus for realizing batch access or group access of terminals in the above scenario.

[0192] 3 is a schematic flowchart of an access method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 200 is applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1, for example, the communication area 110 in the communication system 100, and is applicable to the cockpit of a vehicle.

[0193] S210: A network controller transmits resource configuration information. Here, the resource configuration information is used to configure a first time-frequency resource used by multiple terminals to access the network. Correspondingly, the multiple terminals receive the resource configuration information from the network controller. Specifically, the resource configuration information is used to configure the multiple terminals to perform initial access.

[0194] Optionally, the network control device and the plurality of terminals may be in a plurality of forms, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0195] In one possible implementation, the network control device may be a CDC in the cabin, the multiple terminals may be multiple on-board terminals in the cabin, and the vehicle manufacturer integrates the CDC and the multiple on-board terminals into the vehicle in which the cabin is located.

[0196] It should be noted that before S210, the plurality of terminals are in a non-connected state, in other words, none of the plurality of terminals accesses or establishes a connection to the network control device.

[0197] Furthermore, it should be noted that the unconnected state in this embodiment of the present application may include an idle state or a deactivated state.

[0198] In other words, the state of the terminal may include a connected state and a disconnected state, and the disconnected state may include an idle state or a deactivated state.

[0199] The following describes the connected, idle and deactivated states separately.

[0200] (1) The connected state, also referred to as the radio resource control (RRC) connected state, is a state in which the terminal has established a network connection to a network controller and can perform data transmission.

[0201] (2) The idle state, also known as the RRC idle state, is a state in which the terminal does not establish a network connection to the network controller and the network controller does not store the terminal's context information. In other words, when the terminal needs to enter the connected state from the idle state, the terminal needs to initiate a network connection establishment process.

[0202] (3) The deactivated state, also referred to as the RRC deactivated state, is a state in which the terminal previously enters the connected state, and then the network controller suspends the network connection, but the network controller stores the terminal's context information. In other words, when the terminal needs to re-enter the connected state from the disabled state, it needs to initiate a network connection restoration process (also referred to as a network connection re-establishment process). It should be noted that compared with the network connection establishment process, the network connection restoration process has a shorter delay and lower signaling overhead. However, the network controller needs to store the terminal's context, which occupies the storage overhead of the network controller.

[0203] Optionally, before S210, the network control device needs to first determine a first time-frequency resource.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource available in a communication area where a network controller is located. Compared with the limited fixed time-frequency resource pre-configured in an existing random access scheme, the available time-frequency resource can provide more sufficient resources to satisfy group access of multiple terminals.

[0205] For example, the first time-frequency resource may include all available time-frequency resources within a communications area in which the network controller is located.

[0206] It should be noted that all available time-frequency resources in this embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as all time-frequency resources that can be used for initial access. Furthermore, all time-frequency resources occupy at least one time domain resource unit (or a first time domain length) and at least one frequency domain resource unit (or a first frequency domain bandwidth). When a vehicle is just powered on, there is no on-board device for access, so all available time-frequency resources can be used as access resources.

[0207] Optionally, the at least one time-domain resource unit (or the first time-domain length) may be continuous or discrete, or the at least one frequency-domain resource unit (or the first frequency-domain bandwidth) may be continuous or discrete, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0208] Furthermore, it should be noted that a time domain resource unit may be understood as a granularity, e.g., a minimum granularity, for scheduling in the time domain, and a frequency domain resource unit may be understood as a granularity for scheduling in the frequency domain.

[0209] Specifically, the time domain resource unit may be, but is not limited to, a slot or a frame, and a frame or a slot may include several symbols. For example, the symbols may be orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The frequency domain resource unit may be, but is not limited to, one or more subcarriers.

[0210] It should be noted that all available time-frequency resources or all time-frequency resources used for initial access are all available time-frequency resources in the communication area used to transmit data, i.e., the time-frequency resources of the data channel.

[0211] Optionally, the time domain resources in all time-frequency resources used for initial access may have a limited length.

[0212] In one possible implementation, after multiple terminals have completed initial access by using all time-frequency resources used for initial access, the network controller may transmit a system broadcast message used to indicate that initial access has been completed. Correspondingly, subsequent terminals having access requirements may perform random access using the pre-configured limited time-frequency resources used for random access according to existing random access methods.

[0213] Furthermore, it should be noted that all available time-frequency resources or all time-frequency resources used for initial access are within the communications area and do not include available time-frequency resources for symbols used to carry system control plane overhead (e.g., symbols carrying pilot signals, synchronization signals, control signals, or broadcast signals).

[0214] In other words, all available time-frequency resources or all time-frequency resources used for initial access do not include time-frequency resources used for control information or control signals. Control information herein may include control signals used to schedule data, such as broadcast channel information and data feedback information. Control signals herein may include synchronization signals, access channel signals, SRS, DMRS, etc.

[0215] In the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, in a group access or batch access scenario, when a vehicle is just powered on, there are no terminals for access in the communication area where the network controller is located. Therefore, the network controller can calculate or determine all available time-frequency resources in the current communication area and allocate all time-frequency resources to these terminals for group access or batch access. This can meet the requirements of group access or batch access and reduce the probability of resource conflicts occurring during access by multiple terminals.

[0216] Optionally, the network controller can determine the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0217] In one possible implementation, for example, a network controller and multiple terminals belong to a first communication area. The network controller may receive a system broadcast message from a second network controller in a second communication area, where the system broadcast message indicates all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area. The network controller may determine first time-frequency resources based on all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area, where all time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area are different from the first time-frequency resources.

[0218] Optionally, the first communication area and the second communication area may belong to the same cabin or different cabins, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0219] The manner in which the network control device determines the first time-frequency resource has been described above by using an example in which the network control device simply determines the first time-frequency resource based on all the time-frequency resources occupied by the second communication area, but this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0220] Optionally, the network control device can determine the first time-frequency resource based on all time-frequency resources occupied by the multiple communication regions, where the multiple communication regions include the second communication region, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0221] In another possible implementation, the network controller can obtain the first time-frequency resource by using a higher layer network device, which can calculate all available time-frequency resources in the communication area where each network controller is located and allocate all the time-frequency resources to each network controller. Optionally, the network controller receives indication information from another network device, where the indication information indicates the first time-frequency resource.

[0222] For example, the network controller may be an access network device. The network controller may send a resource request to a core network device, where the resource request requests all time-frequency resources currently available to the network controller. The network controller may receive resource information sent by the core network device, where the resource information indicates a first time-frequency resource.

[0223] Optionally, in S210, the network control device may send the resource configuration information in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0224] In a first possible implementation, the network controller may transmit resource configuration information to each of a plurality of terminals.

[0225] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may send a multicast message that includes the resource configuration information and a multicast address.

[0226] It should be noted that a multicast address is an address for a group of terminals, and messages sent to that address can be identified and received by the terminals in that group.

[0227] For example, the plurality of terminals may include terminal 1 and terminal 2, terminal 1 and terminal 2 may belong to a first terminal group, and the multicast message sent by the network controller may include resource configuration information and a multicast address for the first terminal group. Correspondingly, terminal 1 and terminal 2 may receive the multicast message sent for the multicast address corresponding to the group to which terminal 1 and terminal 2 belong.

[0228] Optionally, the multicast message may further include terminal quantity information, which indicates the number of terminals corresponding to the multicast address.

[0229] In a third possible implementation, the network controller may send a system broadcast message, the system broadcast message including the resource configuration information.

[0230] For example, the system broadcast message may be a master information block (MIB) message or a system information block (SIB) message.

[0231] According to the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, the network controller uses multicast messages or system broadcast messages to transmit resource configuration information, which can reduce transmission delay and improve access efficiency.

[0232] S220: At least one of the plurality of terminals transmits access information of each of the at least one terminal to a network control device on a first time-frequency resource. The access information of the terminal includes at least one of first identification information or status information, where the first identification information identifies the terminal and the status information indicates a status of the terminal. Correspondingly, the network control device receives the access information of each of the at least one terminal on the first time-frequency resource.

[0233] For clarity, the following uses the first terminal of the at least one terminal as an example to describe the process of S220.

[0234] The first terminal is any one of the at least one terminal, and the process of another terminal of the at least one terminal performing S220 is similar to the process of the first terminal performing S220. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described in this specification.

[0235] Specifically, S220: the first terminal transmits access information of the first terminal to the network control device on the first time-frequency resource. Correspondingly, the network control device receives the access information of the first terminal on the first time-frequency resource.

[0236] Optionally, the access information may be carried in an access message, where the access message is obtained by performing modulation and coding on the access information by using predefined modulation and coding information, and the modulation and coding information includes at least one of a modulation and coding scheme, a channel coding scheme, and a bit rate.

[0237] Correspondingly, the network controller can decode the access message based on the preconfigured modulation and coding information to obtain the access information.

[0238] Optionally, the network controller and the first terminal can obtain modulation and coding information in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0239] In a first possible implementation, the modulation and coding information may be predefined in a communication protocol, and the first terminal and the network controller may determine the modulation and coding information based on the communication protocol.

[0240] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may send first access configuration information to the first terminal, and the first access configuration information is used to configure modulation and coding information. Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the first access configuration information from the network controller and determines modulation and coding information based on the first access configuration information. Specifically, the first access configuration information may be sent to the first terminal in advance or together with the resource configuration information.

[0241] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the first access configuration information may be transmitted in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0242] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may agree on modulation and coding information in advance.

[0243] Optionally, the access information of the first terminal may include at least one of first identification information or status information, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0244] It should be noted that the first identification information may be understood as information that can uniquely identify the identity of the first terminal in the communication area in which the first terminal is located.

[0245] Optionally, the identification information (e.g., first identification information) in this embodiment of the present application may include at least one of the following items: a device identifier, a MAC address, a soft address, and a short address.

[0246] A device identifier is a string of numbers or a serial number that can uniquely identify a terminal, such as an international mobile equipment identification number (IMEI) or a mobile equipment identifier (MEID).

[0247] Furthermore, it should be noted that the MAC address is an address used at the media access layer and is also called the physical address or hardware address.

[0248] Furthermore, it should be noted that a soft address may be an address that is assigned to a first terminal by a network controller upon the last access of the terminal and that can uniquely identify the terminal within a communication area.

[0249] It should further be noted that the short address may be an address derived based in part on at least one of a device identifier, a MAC address, and a soft address.

[0250] For example, the network controller may generate a short address by using the least significant 10 bits of any one of the aforementioned addresses of the first terminal, the generated short address being capable of uniquely identifying the first terminal within the communication area.

[0251] Optionally, the terminal identification information (for example, the first identification information) in this embodiment of the present application may include at least one field. The network control device and the first terminal can define the meaning of different fields in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the identification information may include a first field, where the first field indicates a device type.

[0253] For example, the first field contains two bits: "00" indicates a CDC, "01" indicates an in-vehicle terminal, and "10" indicates a "non-in-vehicle terminal."

[0254] In another possible implementation, the identification information may include a second field, which indicates the device capabilities.

[0255] For example, the second field contains one bit: "1" indicates a primary node and "0" indicates a secondary node.

[0256] In yet another possible implementation, the identification information may include a third field, which indicates a device number.

[0257] For example, the third field contains 3 bits: "010" indicates that the number is 2, "100" indicates that the number is 4, and "111" indicates that the number is 7.

[0258] Status information may be understood as information that may indicate the current status of the first terminal.

[0259] Optionally, the first terminal may include a first state or a second state.

[0260] For example, the first state may be a "normal state" and the second state may be an "abnormal state."

[0261] Optionally, when the status information indicates that the status of the first terminal is in an "abnormal state", the status information may further include exception indication information, which indicates the cause of the exception of the first terminal.

[0262] Optionally, the status information can indicate the status of the first terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0263] In one possible implementation, the status information may include at least one bit, and the status information can indicate a current status of the first terminal by using the at least one bit.

[0264] For example, the status information includes one bit. If the bit is "1", it indicates a "normal state." If the bit is "0", it indicates an "abnormal state."

[0265] In another possible implementation, the status information may include exception indication information, which indicates that the status of the first terminal is in an "abnormal state" and indicates the cause of the exception.

[0266] Optionally, the at least one terminal in S220 may include some or all of the plurality of terminals, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0267] Since some terminals may be in an abnormal state after power-on, for example, they may encounter an equipment failure, a line failure, or a network failure, the network control device may agree in advance with the plurality of terminals that only terminals in a normal state will report access information to the network control device, and terminals in an abnormal state do not need to report access information. In this case, the at least one terminal includes some terminals in a normal state among the plurality of terminals.

[0268] Optionally, the first terminal can send the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0269] In a first possible implementation, the first terminal may transmit its access information to the network controller on a first time-frequency resource in the manner of a contention-based resource.

[0270] Since the first time-frequency resource indicates all available time-frequency resources in the communication area where the network controller is located, the resource size of the first time-frequency resource is larger than the resource size of the pre-configured limited time-frequency resource used for random access in the existing contention-based random access method, which can reduce the probability of resource conflicts occurring during access by multiple terminals.

[0271] In a second possible implementation, the first terminal can determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal from the first time-frequency resource, and the first terminal transmits the access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0272] It should be noted that the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in this embodiment of the present application can be understood as the time-frequency resource used by the first terminal to report access information.

[0273] In other words, the first time-frequency resource may include at least one second time-frequency resource, and the at least one second time-frequency resource is in one-to-one correspondence with the at least one terminal.

[0274] It is further noted that the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the plurality of terminals are orthogonal to each other, in other words, the second time-frequency resources corresponding to any two terminals do not overlap with each other in the time-frequency or frequency domain.

[0275] For example, the plurality of terminals includes a first terminal and a second terminal, and the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal and the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the second terminal do not overlap with each other in the time-frequency or frequency domain.

[0276] According to the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the multiple terminals are orthogonal to each other, so that the probability of resource conflict occurring during the access of the multiple terminals can be avoided.

[0277] Optionally, the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal may be indicated by using at least one of the following: second identification information of the first terminal, the resource size of the first time-frequency resource, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, or at least one pre-configured value, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0278] The second identification information of the first terminal may be understood as information that can uniquely identify the identity of the terminal in the communication area in which the first terminal is located.

[0279] Optionally, the second identification information may include at least one of a device identifier, a MAC address, a soft address, or a short address.

[0280] Optionally, the first identification information and the second identification information of the first terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0281] For example, the first identification information may include a MAC address and the second identification information may include a soft address.

[0282] In another example, the first identification information may include a MAC address and a device identifier, and the second identification information may include a soft address.

[0283] Optionally, the resource size of a time-frequency resource in this embodiment of the present application (e.g., the resource size of a first time-frequency resource or the resource size of a second time-frequency resource) may represent any one of the following meanings: the number of resource elements (REs) included in the time-frequency resource, the number of channels included in the time-frequency resource, the number of time-domain resource units and the number of frequency-domain resource units included in the time-frequency resource, or the time-domain length and frequency-domain bandwidth of the time-frequency resource. However, those skilled in the art may know that the above meanings are merely examples for description and do not limit the meaning of resource size.

[0284] Optionally, the first terminal may determine the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0285] In one possible implementation, the first terminal can determine the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the modulation and coding information and the size of the access information.

[0286] In a second possible implementation, before S220, the first terminal may receive second access configuration information from a network control device, and the second access configuration information is used to configure the resource size of a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0287] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the second access configuration information may be carried in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0288] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may pre-agree on the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, in other words, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource is pre-configured or pre-defined.

[0289] It should be noted that the at least one pre-configured value may be a pre-configured value used to determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal.

[0290] In one possible implementation, the at least one value may include a first value, the first value indicating a quantity of terminals.

[0291] For example, the number of terminals may indicate the number of terminals in a group corresponding to a multicast address.

[0292] As another example, the quantity of terminals may be the number of terminals that place incoming calls by the network controller based on resource configuration information.

[0293] Optionally, the at least one value may be pre-configured for the terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0294] In a first possible implementation, the at least one value may be pre-configured in a communication protocol, and the first terminal may obtain the at least one value based on the communication protocol.

[0295] In a second possible implementation, before S220, the first terminal may receive third access configuration information from a network control device, and the third access configuration information is used to configure the at least one value.

[0296] Optionally, the resource configuration information and the third access configuration information may be carried in the same message or in different messages, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0297] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal and the network controller may agree on said at least one value in advance.

[0298] Optionally, the first terminal can determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal from the first time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0299] In a first possible implementation, the first terminal may determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the resource size of the first time-frequency resource and the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0300] For example, the first terminal may determine the number of pieces of access information that can be reported on the first time-frequency resource based on the resource size N1 of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal and the resource size N of the first time-frequency resource.

number

[0301] It should be noted that since the network control device and the first terminal may be manufactured by the same vehicle manufacturer, the vehicle manufacturer may pre-configure the network control device with relevant information used to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal (e.g., the second identification information of the first terminal, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, and the at least one value) and the calculation rule of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. Thus, the network control device does not need to perform additional signaling interactions with the first terminal to obtain the relevant information needed to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. This can reduce signaling overhead and reduce access delay.

[0302] Furthermore, the network control device and the first terminal may agree in advance on the division rules and numbering rules for the Nu resource blocks, and the network control device and the first terminal may determine the numbers and resource sizes of each of the Nu resource blocks according to the numbering rules and division rules.

[0303] In other words, the network controller and the first terminal can use the same method to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal.

[0304] However, in the above first possible implementation, since M is a random number selected by the first terminal, the network controller cannot know the random number selected by the first terminal, so the network controller needs to receive the access information reported by the first terminal on the first time-frequency resource.

[0305] The number of at least one terminal that reports access information to the network controller is N uIf the number of resource blocks is much less than , the above method of randomly selecting resource blocks can ensure that different terminals select different resource blocks to transmit access information, thereby reducing the possibility of resource conflicts.

[0306] In a second possible implementation, the first terminal can determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on the resource size of the first time-frequency resource, the resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, and second identification information of the first terminal.

[0307] For example, the second identification information includes a MAC address. The first terminal determines the number of access information pieces that can be reported on the first time-frequency resource based on the resource size N1 of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal and the resource size N of the first time-frequency resource.

number

[0308] According to the above method for selecting a resource block by using a MAC address, the MAC address of the first terminal is pre-configured in the network controller, so that the network controller can directly use the pre-configured MAC address to select a resource block corresponding to the first terminal, and does not need to perform signaling interaction with the first terminal to obtain the MAC address, which can reduce access delay.

[0309] For example, the second identification information includes a soft address. The first terminal determines the number of access information pieces that can be reported on the first time-frequency resource based on the resource size N1 of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal and the resource size N of the first time-frequency resource.

number

[0310] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the present application, the network controller can configure a soft address for each terminal within the communication area to which the terminal belongs, and the soft address of each terminal can uniquely identify each terminal within the communication area.

[0311] In one possible implementation, the soft address of the first terminal may be an address assigned to the first terminal by a network controller at the time of the first terminal's last access.

[0312] According to the above method of selecting resource blocks by using soft addresses, the soft addresses of each terminal and the resource sizes of the first time-frequency resources can be flexibly configured, so that the second time-frequency resources corresponding to different terminals can be effectively shifted. That is, it is ensured that the second time-frequency resources determined by each terminal based on its soft address do not overlap with each other, which reduces the possibility of resource conflicts.

[0313] In a third possible implementation, the first terminal can determine a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal based on second identification information of the first terminal and the first value, where the at least one value includes the first value.

[0314] For example, the second identification information includes a MAC address, and the first terminal may perform a modulo operation on the MAC address and the first value to obtain an integer M, and determine, as the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, a first resource block numbered M among resource blocks having the first value of quantity included in the first time-frequency resource.

[0315] Correspondingly, in the above second or third possible implementation, the network controller may determine M based on pre-configured association information used to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. Thus, receiving the access information of the first terminal on the first time-frequency resource by the network controller may include: receiving the access information of the first terminal on the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal by the network controller.

[0316] According to the above resource block selection method, since the second identification information of each terminal is pre-configured in the network control device, by appropriately setting the first value, the second time-frequency resources corresponding to different terminals can be effectively shifted, that is, it is ensured that the second time-frequency resources corresponding to different terminals do not overlap with each other, which reduces the possibility of resource conflict.

[0317] Optionally, at least two terminals in the plurality of terminals may have different attributes, and the network controller may use the resource configuration information to configure different time-frequency sub-resources for the terminals with the different attributes, and the first time-frequency resource includes the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the terminals with the different attributes.

[0318] In other words, the first time-frequency resource may include at least two time-frequency sub-resources, the at least two time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to at least two attributes, and each time-frequency sub-resource is used for access of at least one terminal having the attribute corresponding to the time-frequency sub-resource.

[0319] In other words, terminals with different attributes perform access on time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the attribute to which they belong, and at least one terminal with the same attribute performs access on time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to its attribute, and the time-frequency sub-resources used for access of the at least one terminal with the same attribute include the respective second time-frequency resources of the at least one terminal.

[0320] Optionally, the attributes may include at least one of a device type, a multicast address, or a device priority.

[0321] Specifically, the device type may include a microphone type, a speaker type, a display type, etc. The specific device type is not limited in this application.

[0322] It should be noted that different multicast addresses of terminals may be understood as terminals belonging to different terminal groups.

[0323] Optionally, the device priority of the terminal can be divided in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0324] In one possible implementation, the device priorities may be divided based on the location area of ​​the terminal within the cabin.

[0325] For example, the device priority of a terminal located in the front seating area is higher than the device priority of a terminal located in the back seating area.

[0326] In another possible implementation, the device priorities of the terminals may be divided based on the device type of the terminal.

[0327] For example, a display has a higher device priority than a speaker, which in turn has a higher device priority than a microphone.

[0328] Optionally, the network controller may configure different time-frequency sub-resources for terminals with different attributes in some of the following ways.

[0329] For example, the attribute includes a device type, and the plurality of terminals includes a microphone 1, a microphone 2, and a display 1. In this case, microphone 1 and microphone 2 correspond to time-frequency sub-resource 1, and display 1 corresponds to time-frequency sub-resource 2. The first time-frequency resource includes time-frequency sub-resource 1 and time-frequency sub-resource 2.

[0330] In another example, the attributes may include a device type and a device priority, and the multiple terminals may include Speaker 1, Speaker 2, Speaker 3, Display 1, and Display 2 located in a front seating area, and Speaker 4 and Speaker 5 located in a back seating area. In this case, Speaker 1, Speaker 2, and Speaker 3 correspond to time-frequency subresource 1, Display 1 and Display 2 correspond to time-frequency subresource 2, and Speaker 4 and Speaker 5 correspond to time-frequency subresource 3. The first time-frequency resource includes time-frequency subresource 1, time-frequency subresource 2, and time-frequency subresource 3.

[0331] In another example, the attributes include a device type, a multicast address, and a device priority. The multiple terminals may include Speaker 1, Speaker 2, Speaker 3, Speaker 4, and Display 1 located in a front seating area, and Speaker 5 and Display 2 located in a back seating area. For example, Speaker 1, Speaker 2, and Display 1 belong to a first terminal group, and Speaker 3, Speaker 4, Speaker 5, and Display 2 belong to a second terminal group. In this case, Speaker 1, Speaker 2, and Display 1 correspond to time-frequency subresource 3, Speaker 4 corresponds to time-frequency subresource 2, and Speaker 5 and Display 2 correspond to time-frequency subresource 3. The first time-frequency resource includes Time-Frequency Subresource 1, Time-Frequency Subresource 2, and Time-Frequency Subresource 3.

[0332] In one possible implementation, for example, the plurality of terminals includes a first terminal having a first attribute and a second terminal having a second attribute, the first terminal corresponding to a first time-frequency sub-resource in the first time-frequency resource, and the second terminal corresponding to a second time-frequency sub-resource in the first time-frequency resource. S220 may include: the first terminal transmitting access information of the first terminal to the network controller on the first time-frequency sub-resource; and correspondingly, the network controller receiving the access information of the first terminal on the first time-frequency sub-resource.

[0333] It should be noted that at least one of the time domain resources or frequency domain resources of the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to terminals with different attributes is different.

[0334] In other words, the first time-frequency sub-resource does not overlap with at least one of the time domain resource or the frequency domain resource of the second time-frequency sub-resource.

[0335] According to the access method provided in this embodiment of the present application, the network controller configures different time-frequency sub-resources for terminals with different attributes, so that the terminals with different attributes perform access to the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the attributes to which the terminals belong, which can reduce the probability of resource conflict occurring during access between terminals with different attributes.

[0336] It should be noted that for the method for the first terminal to determine the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in the first time-frequency sub-resource, refer to the above-mentioned method for determining the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal in the first time-frequency resource. The only difference is that the resource size of the first time-frequency resource is replaced by the resource size of the first time-frequency sub-resource. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described again here.

[0337] Optionally, the method may further include: the network control device determining that at least one first target terminal of the at least one terminal successfully performs access.

[0338] Optionally, the network control device can determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0339] In a first possible implementation, the network control device may determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access based on the access information of each of the at least one terminal.

[0340] In other words, the network control device successfully obtains the access information of each of the at least one terminal through purging.

[0341] For example, the at least one terminal includes a terminal 1 and a terminal 2. If the network control device successfully obtains MAC address 1-abnormal state and MAC address 2-normal state through parsing, it may determine that the terminal 2 corresponding to the MAC address 2 successfully performs access.

[0342] In another example, the at least one terminal includes terminal 1 and terminal 2. If the network control device successfully obtains MAC address 1-normal state and MAC address 2-normal state through parsing, it may be determined that the terminal corresponding to MAC address 1 and the terminal 2 corresponding to MAC address 2 successfully perform access.

[0343] In another example, the at least one terminal includes terminal 1 and terminal 2. If the network control device successfully obtains MAC address 1 and MAC address 2 through parse, it may determine that the terminal corresponding to MAC address 1 and the terminal 2 corresponding to MAC address 2 successfully perform access.

[0344] In another example, the at least one terminal includes terminal 1 and terminal 2. If the access information received by the network controller on resource block 1 indicates a normal state and the access information received on resource block 2 indicates a normal state, it may be determined that terminal 1 corresponding to resource block 1 and terminal 2 corresponding to resource block 2 successfully perform access.

[0345] In a second possible implementation, the network control device may determine that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access based on the access information of each of the at least one first target terminal.

[0346] For example, when terminal 1 and terminal 2 select the same resource block to transmit their respective access information, the network controller may successfully decode the access information from only one of the terminals, or may fail to decode the access information, or may not obtain the access information at all. In this way, only the terminal corresponding to the access information successfully decoded by the network controller can successfully perform access.

[0347] Optionally, the method includes: a network control device sending indication information to the at least one first target terminal, where the indication information indicates that the at least one first target terminal successfully performs access; correspondingly, each of the at least one first target terminal receives the indication information from the network control device and determines that the access is successful based on the indication information.

[0348] Optionally, the network control device can send the indication information to the at least one first target terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0349] In one possible implementation, the network controller may send indication information to each of the at least one first target terminal.

[0350] In another possible implementation, the network controller may send a system broadcast message, where the system broadcast message includes the indication information.

[0351] Optionally, the indication information may indicate that the at least one first target terminal has successfully performed access in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0352] In a first possible implementation, the instruction information may include third identification information of each of the at least one first target terminal, and the third identification information of each first target terminal indicates that first target terminal.

[0353] It should be noted that the third identification information may include at least one of a device identifier, a MAC address, a soft address, or a short address of the first target terminal.

[0354] Optionally, the third identification information of the first target terminal may be the same as or different from the first identification information reported when access is requested, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0355] For example, the at least one terminal includes terminal 1, terminal 2, terminal 3, and terminal 4. If the indication information includes MAC 1, MAC 2, and MAC 3, it indicates that terminal 1 corresponding to MAC 1, terminal 2 corresponding to MAC 2, and terminal 3 corresponding to MAC 3 successfully perform access.

[0356] In a second possible implementation, the instruction information may include third identification information of each of the at least one second target terminal, wherein the third identification information of each second target terminal indicates that second target terminal, and the at least one second target terminal is a terminal among the at least one terminal that fails to perform access.

[0357] For example, the at least one terminal includes terminal 1, terminal 2, terminal 3, and terminal 4. If the indication information includes MAC 2 and MAC 4, it indicates that terminal 2 corresponding to MAC 2 and terminal 4 corresponding to MAC 4 fail to perform access, and terminal 1 corresponding to MAC 1 and terminal 3 corresponding to MAC 3 successfully perform access.

[0358] Optionally, the method further includes: a network control device transmitting scheduling information to the at least one first target terminal, the scheduling information indicating a third time-frequency resource to be used for each of the at least one first target terminal; and correspondingly, each first target terminal receiving the scheduling information from the network control device and transmitting data with the network control device on the third time-frequency resource.

[0359] Optionally, the network controller can send scheduling information to the at least one first target terminal in multiple ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0360] In a first possible implementation, the network control device may transmit scheduling information for each first target terminal to each first target terminal, where the scheduling information for each first target terminal indicates a third time-frequency resource for each first target terminal.

[0361] In a second possible implementation, the network controller may transmit a system broadcast message, the system broadcast message including scheduling information, the scheduling information indicating a third time-frequency resource for each first target terminal.

[0362] For example, the scheduling information includes a correspondence between the identity of each first target terminal and the third time-frequency resource of each first target terminal.

[0363] In a third possible implementation, if the quantity of the at least one target terminal is greater than one, the network controller may perform group-based scheduling for the at least one target terminal.

[0364] It should be noted that in order to reduce signaling overhead, the network control may send scheduling information directly to the at least one target terminal without sending indication information to the at least one target terminal.

[0365] In other words, if the scheduling information is received, the first target terminal can determine that the first target terminal will successfully perform access.

[0366] Optionally, on the second time-frequency resource, at least one second target terminal of said at least one terminal that fails to perform access may re-initiate access to the network controller.

[0367] In one possible implementation, each of the at least one second target terminal may transmit access information of the respective second target terminal to the network controller on a fourth time-frequency resource, and correspondingly, the network controller receives access information from the at least one second target terminal on the fourth time-frequency resource.

[0368] Specifically, each second target terminal may transmit access information of the respective second target terminal to the network controller on a fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the respective second target terminal, where the fourth time-frequency resource includes the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to each of the plurality of second target terminals. Correspondingly, the network controller receives access information from each second target terminal on the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the respective second target terminal.

[0369] It should be noted that the process in which the second target terminal transmits the access information of the second target terminal to the network control device on the fifth time-frequency resource corresponding to the second target terminal refers to the process in which the first terminal transmits the access information of the first terminal to the network control device on the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described again here.

[0370] Optionally, the first time-frequency resource includes a fourth time-frequency resource, or the fourth time-frequency resource is different from the first time-frequency resource.

[0371] In a first possible implementation, the first time-frequency resource may include a second time-frequency resource and a fourth time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal.

[0372] It should be noted that the starting time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the ending time of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal in the time domain.

[0373] In a second possible implementation, when at least two terminals among the plurality of terminals have different attributes, the first time-frequency resource may include time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to the terminals with the different attributes and a fourth time-frequency resource.

[0374] It should be noted that the start time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the end time of the time-frequency sub-resources corresponding to terminals with different attributes in the time domain.

[0375] In conclusion, the first time-frequency resource may include two phases in the time domain: the first phase is used by multiple terminals to perform group or batch access, and the second phase is used by terminals that fail to perform access in the first phase to perform access again.

[0376] In a third possible implementation, the fourth time-frequency resource is a time-frequency resource other than the first time-frequency resource.

[0377] It should be noted that the start time of the fourth time-frequency resource in the time domain is not earlier than the end time of the first time-frequency resource in the time domain.

[0378] In conclusion, the first time-frequency resource is used by the multiple terminals to perform group access or batch access, and the fourth time-frequency resource is used by terminals that fail to perform access on the first time-frequency resource to perform access again.

[0379] Optionally, the second target terminal can determine the fourth time-frequency resource in multiple ways, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0380] In one possible implementation, the resource configuration information is further used to configure a fourth time-frequency resource to be used again to perform access by said at least one second target terminal.

[0381] In another possible implementation, the network controller may send fourth access configuration information to the at least one second target terminal, the fourth access configuration information indicating a fourth time-frequency resource.

[0382] The access method 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application is described above with reference to Figure 3. An access device and an access control device configured to perform the method 200 are described below with reference to Figures 4 to 6.

[0383] It should be noted that the access device may be a terminal in the embodiment of the method 200 and may perform the method implemented by the terminal in the method 200. The access control device may be a network control device in the embodiment of the method 200 and may perform the method implemented by the network control device in the method 200.

[0384] It can be understood that to implement the aforementioned functions, the access device or the access control device includes corresponding hardware and / or software modules for performing the functions. The algorithm steps in the examples described with reference to the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or by hardware driven by computer software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application with reference to the embodiments, but such implementations should not be considered to go beyond the scope of the present application.

[0385] In embodiments, the access device and the access control device may be divided into functional modules based on the examples in the above-mentioned methods. For example, each functional module corresponding to each function may be obtained through division, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware. It should be noted that in various embodiments, the module division is an example, and is merely a logical functional division, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation.

[0386] 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible composition of an access device (e.g., a terminal) or an access control device (e.g., a network control device) in the above-mentioned embodiment, when each functional module is obtained based on its corresponding function through division. As shown in FIG. 4, the device 300 may include a transceiver unit 310 and a processing unit 320.

[0387] The processing unit 320 may control the transceiver 310 to implement the methods performed by a network controller or terminal in embodiments of the method 200 and / or other processes of the techniques described herein.

[0388] It should be noted that all relevant contents of the steps in the foregoing method embodiments can be cited in the functional descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, and the details will not be described again here.

[0389] When integrated units are used, the device 300 may include a processing unit, a storage unit, and a communication unit. The processing unit may be configured to control and manage the operation of the device 300, e.g., to support the device 300 in executing the steps performed by the aforementioned units. The storage unit may be configured to support the device 300 in storing program code, data, etc. The communication unit may be configured to support communication between the device 300 and other devices.

[0390] The processing unit may be a processor or a controller. The processor may implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the subject matter disclosed herein. The processor may alternatively be, for example, one or more microprocessors, or a combination including a combination of a digital signal processor (DSP) and a microprocessor, for implementing computing functions. The storage unit may be a memory. The communication unit may specifically be a device for communicating with other electronic devices, such as a radio frequency circuit, a Bluetooth chip, and a Wi-Fi chip.

[0391] In one possible implementation, the access device or access control device in this embodiment may be a device 400 having a structure shown in FIG. 5. The device 400 may be a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal or a schematic diagram of the structure of a network control device. The device 400 includes a processor 410 and a transceiver 420, and the processor 410 and the transceiver 420 communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The related functions implemented by the processing unit 320 in FIG. 4 may be implemented by the processor 410. The related functions implemented by the transceiver unit 310 may be implemented by the processor 410 by controlling the transceiver 420.

[0392] Optionally, the device 400 may further include a memory 430. The processor 410, the transceiver 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The related functions implemented by the storage unit in FIG. 4 may be implemented by the memory 430.

[0393] In one possible implementation, when the device 300 or the device 400 is deployed in (or integrated with) a terminal, the device 300 or the device 400 in the embodiments of the present application may be a terminal.

[0394] 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal 500. The terminal 500 may include a processor 510, an external memory interface 520, an internal memory 521, a universal serial bus (USB) port 530, a charging management module 540, a power management module 541, a battery 542, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 550, a wireless communication module 560, an audio module 570, a speaker 570A, a receiver 570B, a microphone 570C, a headset jack 570D, a sensor module 580, a button 590, a motor 591, an indicator 592, a camera 593, a display 594, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card interface 595, and the like.

[0395] It may be understood that the structure shown in this embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal 500. In some other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 500 may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or some components may be combined, or some components may be split, or there may be a different component layout. The components shown in the figure may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0396] The processor 510 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 510 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a baseband processor, a neural-network processing unit (NPU), and / or others. Different processing units may be independent components or may be integrated into one or more processors. In some embodiments, the terminal 500 may alternatively include one or more processors 510. The controller may generate operation control signals based on instruction operation codes and time sequence signals to complete control of instruction fetching and instruction execution. In some other embodiments, memory may be located within the processor 510 to store instructions and data. For example, the memory within the processor 510 may be a cache. The memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or are used cyclically by the processor 510. When the processor 510 needs to use the instructions or data again, the processor 510 can directly retrieve the instructions or data from the memory. In this way, repeated accesses are avoided, the latency of the processor 510 is reduced, and the efficiency of data processing or execution instructions by the terminal 500 is improved.

[0397] In some embodiments, the processor 510 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a SIM card interface, a USB port, and / or others. The USB port 530 is a port conforming to the USB standard specification and may specifically be a mini USB port, a micro USB port, a USB Type-C port, or the like. The USB port 530 may be used to connect to a charger for charging the terminal 500 or may be configured to transmit data between the terminal 500 and a peripheral device. The USB port 530 may alternatively be used to connect to a headset and play audio using the headset.

[0398] It may be understood that the interface connection relationships between modules in this embodiment of the present application are merely examples for description and do not constitute limitations on the structure of the terminal 500. In some other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 500 may alternatively use interface connection modes different from those in the above-described embodiment, or may use a combination of multiple interface connection modes.

[0399] The charging management module 540 is configured to receive charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 540 may receive the wired charger's charging input through the USB port 530. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 540 may receive the wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil in the terminal 500.

[0400] The charging management module 540 can further provide power to the terminal by using the power management module 541 while charging the battery 542. The power management module 541 is configured to connect to the battery 542, the charging management module 540, and the processor 510. The power management module 541 receives input from the battery 542 and / or the charging management module 540 and provides power to the processor 510, the internal memory 521, the external memory, the display 594, the camera 593, the wireless communication module 560, etc. The power management module 541 may be configured to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, and battery health (leakage or impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 541 may alternatively be located within the processor 510. In some other embodiments, the power management module 541 and the charging management module 540 may alternatively be located within the same device.

[0401] The wireless communication functionality of the terminal 500 may be implemented through antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 550, wireless communication module 560, modem processor, baseband processor, etc.

[0402] Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in terminal 500 may be configured to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas may be further multiplexed to improve antenna utilization. For example, Antenna 1 may be multiplexed as a diversity antenna for a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, antennas may be used in combination with tuning switches.

[0403] The mobile communication module 550 may be applied to the terminal 500 to provide solutions including wireless communication technologies such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. The mobile communication module 550 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low-noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 550 may receive electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1, perform processing such as filtering or amplification on the received electromagnetic waves, and send the processed electromagnetic waves to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 550 may further amplify signals modulated by the modem processor and convert the amplified signals into electromagnetic waves for emission through the antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules in the mobile communication module 550 may be disposed within the processor 510. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules in the mobile communication module 550 and at least some of the modules in the processor 510 may be disposed within the same device.

[0404] The wireless communication module 560 may provide solutions for wireless communication applied to the terminal 500, including wireless local area networks (WLANs) (e.g., wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR) technology, other possible general-purpose transmission technologies, etc.

[0405] Optionally, the wireless communication module 560 may be one or more components that integrate at least one communication processing module. One communication processing module may correspond to one network interface. The network interface may be configured in different service function modes. The network interfaces configured in different modes can establish network connections corresponding to the modes.

[0406] For example, a network connection supporting P2P functionality may be established by using a network interface in a P2P functionality mode, a network connection supporting STA functionality may be established by using a network interface in a STA functionality mode, and a network connection supporting AP functionality may be established by using a network interface in an AP mode.

[0407] The wireless communication module 560 receives electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 , performs frequency modulation and filtering on the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 510 . The wireless communication module 560 may further receive signals to be transmitted from the processor 510, perform frequency modulation and amplification on the signals, and convert the processed signals into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 2.

[0408] The terminal 500 implements display functionality using a GPU, a display 594, an application processor, etc. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing and is connected to the display 594 and the application processor. The GPU is configured to perform mathematical and geometric calculations and render images. The processor 510 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or modify display information.

[0409] The display 594 is configured to display images, videos, etc. The display 594 includes a display panel. The display panel may use a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a mini LED, a micro LED, a micro OLED, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, the terminal 500 may include one or more displays 594.

[0410] In some embodiments of the present application, when the display panel is made of a material such as OLED, AMOLED, or FLED, the display 594 in FIG. 6 can be folded. Here, the fact that the display 594 can be folded means that the display can be folded at any part to any angle and can be maintained at that angle. For example, the display 594 can be folded left and right in the middle, or can be folded up and down in the middle. In this application, a display that can be folded is called a foldable display. The touch display may be a screen, or may be a display formed by combining multiple screens. This is not limited in this specification.

[0411] The display 594 of the terminal 500 may be a flexible display. Currently, flexible displays have attracted much attention due to the unique features and great possibilities of flexible displays. Compared with traditional displays, flexible displays have strong flexibility and bendability characteristics, providing users with new bendability-based interaction modes and satisfying more user requirements for terminals. For terminals with foldable displays, the foldable display of the terminal can be switched between a small display in a folded form and a large display in an unfolded form at any time. Therefore, users will use the multi-screen display function more frequently on terminals with foldable displays.

[0412] The terminal 500 may implement imaging functionality through an ISP, a camera 593, a video codec, a GPU, a display 594, an application processor, and the like.

[0413] The ISP is configured to process data fed back by the camera 593. For example, during photography, the shutter is pressed and light is transmitted through the lens to the camera's light-sensitive elements. The light signal is converted into an electrical signal, which the camera's light-sensitive elements transmit to the ISP for processing, converting the electrical signal into a visible image. The ISP may further perform algorithmic optimization for image noise, brightness, and complexion. The ISP may further optimize parameters such as exposure and color temperature for the photography scenario. In some embodiments, the ISP may be located within the camera 593.

[0414] The camera 593 is configured to capture still images or video. An optical image of an object is generated through a lens and projected onto a light-sensitive element. The light-sensitive element may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The light-sensitive element converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then sent to the ISP for conversion into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into an image signal in a standard format, such as RGB or YUV. In some embodiments, the terminal 500 may include one or more cameras 593.

[0415] The digital signal processor is configured to process digital signals and can process other digital signals in addition to digital image signals, for example, when the terminal 500 selects a frequency, the digital signal processor is configured to perform a Fourier transform or the like on the frequency energy.

[0416] A video codec is configured to compress or decompress digital video. Terminal 500 may support one or more video codecs. In this manner, terminal 500 can play or record video in multiple encoding formats, for example, Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-3, and MPEG-4.

[0417] The NPU is a neural network (NN) computing processor. The NPU can rapidly process input information based on the structure of a biological neural network, such as the communication service function between human brain neurons, and can also continuously self-learn. The NPU can implement intelligent cognition applications for the terminal 500, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, and text understanding.

[0418] The external memory interface 520 may be used to connect to an external storage card, such as a microSD card, to expand the storage capabilities of the terminal 500. The external storage card communicates with the processor 510 through the external memory interface 520 to implement data storage functions. For example, files such as music and videos are stored on the external storage card.

[0419] The internal memory 521 may be configured to store one or more computer programs. The one or more computer programs include instructions. The processor 510 may execute the instructions stored in the internal memory 521, thereby causing the terminal 500 to execute the screen-off display method provided in some embodiments of the present application, various applications, data processing, and the like. The internal memory 521 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store an operating system. The program storage area may further store one or more applications (such as a gallery and contacts). The data storage area may store data generated during use of the terminal 500 (e.g., photos and contacts). Furthermore, the internal memory 521 may include high-speed random access memory or non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or universal flash storage (UFS). In some embodiments, processor 510 may execute instructions stored in internal memory 521 and / or instructions stored in memory located within processor 510, thereby causing terminal 500 to execute screen-off display methods, other applications, and data processing provided in embodiments of the present application. Terminal 500 may implement audio functions, such as music playback and recording, through audio module 570, speaker 570A, receiver 570B, microphone 570C, headset jack 570D, application processor, etc.

[0420] The sensor module 580 may include a pressure sensor 580A, a gyroscope sensor 580B, a barometric pressure sensor 580C, a magnetic sensor 580D, an acceleration sensor 580E, a distance sensor 580F, an optical proximity sensor 580G, a fingerprint sensor 580H, a temperature sensor 580J, a touch sensor 580K, an ambient light sensor 580L, a bone conduction sensor 580M, and the like.

[0421] An embodiment further provides a computer storage medium, which stores computer instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, enable the electronic device to perform associated method steps to implement the access method in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0422] An embodiment further provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to perform the steps associated with implementing the access method in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0423] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus. The apparatus may specifically be a chip, a component, or a module. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory connected thereto. The memory is configured to store computer-executable instructions, and when the apparatus operates, the processor may execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, thereby causing the chip to perform the access method in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0424] 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 600. Chip 600 includes one or more processors 610 and an interface circuit 620. Optionally, chip 600 may further include a bus 630.

[0425] The processor 610 may be an integrated circuit chip and have signal processing capabilities. In some implementation processes, the steps in the aforementioned methods may be completed by using instructions in the form of integrated logic circuits of hardware or software within the processor 610. The aforementioned processor 610 may be a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The processor may implement or execute the methods and steps disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0426] The interface circuit 620 may be used to transmit or receive data, instructions, or information. The processor 610 may process the data, instructions, or other information received through the interface circuit 620 and transmit the resulting information after processing through the interface circuit 620.

[0427] Optionally, the chip further includes memory, which may include read-only memory and random access memory, to provide operating instructions and data for the processor, and a portion of the memory may further include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).

[0428] Optionally, the memory may store executable software modules or data structures, and the processor may perform corresponding operations by invoking operating instructions stored in the memory (which may be stored in an operating system).

[0429] Optionally, the chip may be used in the access device or the access control device in the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, the interface circuit 620 may be used to output the execution result of the processor 610. For the access method provided in one or more embodiments of the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments. The details will not be described again here.

[0430] It should be noted that the functions corresponding to the processor 610 and the interface circuit 620 may be implemented using a hardware design, a software design, or a combination of software and hardware, which is not a limitation of the present application.

[0431] The network control device, terminal, computer storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the embodiments is configured to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for the achievable beneficial effects, please refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding method above. Details will not be described again here.

[0432] It should be understood that the sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the execution sequence in various embodiments of the present application, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to the functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not be construed as any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0433] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the units and algorithm steps can be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether a function is performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered to go beyond the scope of this application.

[0434] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the sake of convenient and simple description, the detailed operating processes of the aforementioned systems, devices and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and the details will not be described again here.

[0435] In some embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described device embodiments are merely examples. For example, the division into units is merely a logical division of function, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not implemented. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, or direct couplings, or communication connections may be implemented using some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

[0436] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one location or distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions in the embodiments.

[0437] Furthermore, the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, and each of the units may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0438] When these functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, these functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may essentially be implemented in the form of a software product, or a portion of the technical solutions may be implemented in the form of a software product. A computer software product may be stored in a storage medium and include instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium may include any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or a compact disc.

[0439] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications or replacements that can be easily determined by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A method of access control, the method comprising: transmitting resource configuration information, the resource configuration information being used to configure a first time-frequency resource used for access of a plurality of terminals; receiving access information from at least one of the plurality of terminals on the first time-frequency resource, the access information of the terminal including at least one of first identification information or status information of the terminal, the first identification information identifying the terminal and the status information indicating a status of the terminal; Receiving access information from at least one of the plurality of terminals on the first time-frequency resource includes: receiving access information from each of the at least one terminal on a second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal, wherein the second time-frequency resource corresponding to each terminal belongs to the first time-frequency resource; the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal is indicated by using at least second identification information of the terminal, the second identification information including at least a soft address of the terminal, the soft address being for uniquely identifying the terminal in a communication area in which the terminal is located, and the soft address being an address assigned to the terminal at the time of its last access; method.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the plurality of terminals are orthogonal to one another.

3. The second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal comprises the following items: a resource size of the first time-frequency resource, a resource size of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal, or at least one preconfigured value; and The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The first identification information or the second identification information includes the following items: The device identifier, Media Access Control (MAC) address, soft address, or short address of the terminal including at least one of The method of claim 3.

5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein there is a correspondence between the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal and the second identification information of the terminal, the second identification information being a soft address of the terminal.

6. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein the first identification information is the same as the second identification information.

7. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the index of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal is obtained by performing a modulo operation on the second identification information and the number of access information pieces that can be reported on the first time-frequency resource.

8. 1. A method of accessing: receiving resource configuration information from a network controller, the resource configuration information for configuring a first time-frequency resource for access of a plurality of terminals, the plurality of terminals including a first terminal; transmitting access information to the network controller on a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, the access information including at least one of first identification information or status information, the first identification information identifying the first terminal, the status information indicating a status of the first terminal, the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal belonging to the first time-frequency resource, and the second time-frequency resources corresponding to all of the plurality of terminals being orthogonal to each other; the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal is indicated by using at least second identification information of the terminal, the second identification information including at least a soft address of the terminal, the soft address being for uniquely identifying the terminal in a communication area in which the terminal is located, and the soft address being an address assigned to the terminal at the time of its last access; method.

9. Before transmitting access information to the network controller on a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, the method further comprises: determining the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal; The method of claim 8.

10. The second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal includes the following items: a resource size of the first time-frequency resource, a resource size of a second time-frequency resource corresponding to the first terminal, or at least one preconfigured value; 10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the determination is made by further using at least one of:

11. The first identification information or the second identification information includes the following items: Device ID, Media Access Control (MAC) address, soft address, and short address The method of claim 10, comprising at least one of:

12. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein there is a correspondence between the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal and the second identification information of the terminal, the second identification information being a soft address of the terminal.

13. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the first identification is the same as the second identification.

14. 14. The method according to claim 10, wherein the index of the second time-frequency resource corresponding to the terminal is obtained by performing a modulo operation on the second identification information and the number of pieces of access information that can be reported on the first time-frequency resource.

15. 8. A communication device having at least one processor and a memory, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to the memory, and wherein the at least one processor executes programs or instructions stored in the memory, thereby causing the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

16. 15. A communications device having at least one processor and a memory, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory, the at least one processor executing programs or instructions stored in the memory, thereby causing the communications device to perform the method of any one of claims 8 to 14.

17. A computer-readable recording medium having a program recorded thereon, the program causing the computer to execute a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, when the program is executed.

18. A program for causing a computer to carry out the steps according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or any one of claims 8 to 14.

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