Flow battery system, battery monitoring device therefor, electrode element for battery monitoring device and method of manufacturing same

Abstract

To provide a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, an electrode element for the battery monitoring device, and a manufacturing method therefor.SOLUTION: A battery monitoring device includes a positive electrode end plate, a positive electrode element that penetrates the positive electrode end plate and includes an electrode bar and a signal transmission portion protruding from the outer surface of the positive electrode end plate, a negative electrode end plate, a negative electrode element that penetrates the negative electrode end plate and includes an electrode bar and a signal transmission portion protruding from the outer surface of the negative electrode end plate, an electrolyte supply flow path, an electrolyte drainage flow path, a separator between the positive electrode end plate and the negative electrode end plate, and a voltage measurement unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2A

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, an electrode element for the battery monitoring device, and a method for manufacturing the electrode element. [Background technology]

[0002] Flow batteries have advantages such as good charge / discharge performance, recyclability, long service life, and easy maintenance, making them ideal energy storage devices. Flow batteries also have the advantage of being environmentally friendly, since all products produced during production, use, and disposal can be fully recovered and reused. When using flow batteries, if users can accurately determine the battery capacity, they can utilize the battery capacity more effectively and more precisely control the charge / discharge of the flow battery, thereby reducing the operating cost of electrical storage per kilowatt-hour and extending the service life of the flow battery. In light of the above, there is an urgent need to develop a new device for measuring the battery capacity of a flow battery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, comprising: a positive electrode end plate defining a first chamber; a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path and a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path each penetrating the positive electrode end plate and communicating with the first chamber; a positive electrode element including a first electrode rod and a first signal transmission part penetrating the positive electrode end plate and corresponding to the first chamber and connected to each other, the positive electrode end plate having a first outer surface away from the first chamber, and the first signal transmission part protruding from the first outer surface; a negative electrode end plate defining a second chamber; Provided is a battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, the battery monitoring device including: a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path and a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path that each penetrate the negative electrode end plate and communicate with a second chamber; a negative electrode element that penetrates the negative electrode end plate and corresponds to the second chamber and includes a second electrode rod and a second signal transmission part that are connected to each other, the negative electrode end plate having a second outer surface away from the second chamber, and the second signal transmission part being protruded from the second outer surface; a separator provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; and a voltage measurement unit.

[0004] The present disclosure provides a flow battery system including: a flow battery unit; a positive electrode electrolyte reservoir that stores a positive electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit; an negative electrode electrolyte reservoir that stores a negative electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit; the battery monitoring device of any of the above embodiments; a first supply line that is coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir and in communication with a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path; a second supply line that is coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte reservoir and in communication with the negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path; a first drain line that is in communication with a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path and is coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir; and a second drain line that is in communication with the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path and is coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte reservoir.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, the electrode element including: a signal transmission unit; an electrode rod connected to the signal transmission unit and arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device; and an insulating protective tube covering a portion of the electrode rod and having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, the electrode rod having a first protrusion located outside the first end, and the signal transmission unit having a second protrusion located outside the second end.

[0006] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, the method including the steps of connecting an electrode rod and a signal transmission unit and positioning the electrode rod to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device, and passing a portion of the electrode rod through a tubular hole of an insulating protection tube, the insulating protection tube having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, and the electrode rod having a first protrusion located outside the first end. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] The present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the embodiments, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow battery system and a load according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a side view of a battery monitoring unit according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] FIG. 1 is a side view of a battery monitoring unit according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 10 is a side view of a positive electrode end plate, a first supply line, and a first drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 10 is a side view of a positive electrode end plate, a first supply line, and a first drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] FIG. 10 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate, a second liquid supply line, and a second liquid drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 10 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate, a second liquid supply line, and a second liquid drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a positive electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a negative electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5C] FIG. 2 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is an exploded schematic view of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is an exploded schematic view of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is an exploded schematic view of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9C] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9D] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10A]1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10B] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10C] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10D] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11A] 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11B] 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11C] 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11D] 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 illustrates the voltage-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 illustrates the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 illustrates the power-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 illustrates the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The following drawings disclose several embodiments. For clarity, many practical details are included in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessarily required. In addition, to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and elements are simply and diagrammatically shown in the drawings.

[0009] It may be understood that terms such as first, second, and third are used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or blocks. However, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or blocks should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely intended to identify a single element, component, region, layer, and / or block. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, and / or block hereinafter may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, and / or block without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow battery system 100 and a load 150 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The flow battery system 100 includes a flow battery FB and a battery monitor MD. The flow battery FB includes a flow battery unit 110, a positive electrode electrolyte reservoir 120, a negative electrode electrolyte reservoir 130, a first main liquid supply line P1, a first main liquid drain line P2, a second main liquid supply line P3, and a second main liquid drain line P4. The flow battery unit 110 includes a positive electrode battery cell 112, a negative electrode battery cell 114, and a separator 116 interposed between the positive electrode battery cell 112 and the negative electrode battery cell 114. The load 150 is electrically connected to the positive electrode battery cell 112 and the negative electrode battery cell 114 of the flow battery unit 110 via a conductor L1 and a conductor L2, respectively. The flow battery system 100 can supply power to the load 150. The positive electrode electrolyte reservoir 120 stores a positive electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit 110, more particularly to the positive electrode battery cell 112 to supply the positive electrode electrolyte. In some embodiments, the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir 120 is connected to the flow battery unit 110 via a first main liquid supply line P1 and a first main liquid drain line P2, where the first main liquid supply line P1 is used to transport the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive electrode battery cell 112 and the first main liquid drain line P2 is used to discharge the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir 120. The negative electrode electrolyte reservoir 130 stores a negative electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit 110, more particularly to the negative electrode battery cell 114 to supply the negative electrode electrolyte. In some embodiments, the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 is connected to the flow battery unit 110 via a second main supply line P3 and a second main drain line P4, where the second main supply line P3 is used to transport the negative electrode electrolyte to the negative electrode battery cell 114 and the second main drain line P4 is used to discharge the negative electrode electrolyte to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130. In some embodiments, the flow battery FB is a vanadium flow battery (VFB), which may also be referred to as an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). For example, the positive electrode electrolyte is VO2 + and VO 2+ The negative electrode electrolyte contains V 3+ and V 2+Contains:

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery monitoring device MD includes a battery monitoring unit 140. The battery monitoring unit 140 includes a positive electrode end plate 142, a negative electrode end plate 144, and a separator 146 interposed between the positive electrode end plate 142 and the negative electrode end plate 144. Other elements of the battery monitoring unit 140 are further described below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B . A first supply line P5 and a first drain line P6 are coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir 120 and the battery monitoring unit 140, and a second supply line P7 and a second drain line P8 are coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte reservoir 130 and the battery monitoring unit 140. In some embodiments, the battery monitoring device MD further includes a voltage measurement unit 148. The voltage measurement unit 148 is electrically connected to the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD via conductors L3 and L4, and can be used to measure the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery monitoring unit 140 and calculate the battery capacity of the flow battery FB from the OCV and the power of the flow battery FB. Therefore, the battery monitoring device MD may also be called a battery capacity measurement device.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1 , the first main liquid supply line P1 communicates with the first main liquid supply line P5. In other words, the first main liquid supply line P5 is a branch line of the first main liquid supply line P1 and extends from the first main liquid supply line P1. Therefore, a portion of the positive electrode electrolyte flowing out of the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 enters the battery monitoring unit 140. The second main liquid supply line P3 communicates with the second main liquid supply line P7. In other words, the second main liquid supply line P7 is a branch line of the second main liquid supply line P3 and extends from the second main liquid supply line P3. Therefore, a portion of the negative electrode electrolyte flowing out of the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 enters the battery monitoring unit 140. In some embodiments, the pipe diameters of the first main liquid supply line P1 and the second main liquid supply line P3 are larger than the pipe diameters of the first main liquid supply line P5 and the second main liquid supply line P7, respectively. The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and in other embodiments, the first liquid supply line P5 is connected directly to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 (not shown), and the second liquid supply line P7 is connected directly to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 (not shown).

[0013] 1 , the first pump PU1 delivers the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive battery cell 112 and the battery monitoring unit 140. The second pump PU2 delivers the negative electrode electrolyte to the negative battery cell 114 and the battery monitoring unit 140. The electrolyte mainly flows through the flow battery unit 110, and a portion of it enters the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD, which measures the battery capacity. When the load 150 changes, this change affects the voltage of the flow battery FB and affects the user's judgment of the battery capacity. However, the battery monitoring device MD completely avoids interference between charging and discharging and the load 150 and can accurately measure the open-circuit voltage, thereby accurately measuring the battery capacity of the flow battery FB. Therefore, the user can precisely control the charging and discharging of the flow battery FB, thereby reducing the operating costs of the flow battery FB and extending its service life.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flow battery system 100 further includes at least one valve provided in the first supply line P5, the first drain line P6, the second supply line P7, the second drain line P8, or a combination thereof. Referring to FIG. 1 , the first valve V1 is provided in the first supply line P5, the second valve V2 is provided in the second supply line P7, the third valve V3 is provided in the first drain line P6, and the fourth valve V4 is provided in the second drain line P8. In some embodiments, the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the third valve V3, and the fourth valve V4 are open / close valves, but are not limited thereto. The first valve V1 and the second valve V2 can be used to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte. The third valve V3 and the fourth valve V4 are convenient for users to repair and / or maintain the flow battery system 100.

[0015] Please also refer to FIGS. 1, 2A, and 2B. FIGS. 2A and 2B are side views of a battery monitoring unit 140 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2A, and 2B, the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD includes a positive electrode end plate 142, a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1, a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1, a positive electrode element 210, a negative electrode end plate 144, a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2, a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2, a negative electrode element 220, and a separator 146. The voltage measurement unit 148 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode element 210 and the negative electrode element 220 shown in FIG. 2A or 2B and is used to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140. More specifically, the positive electrode element 210 includes first electrodes (not shown) connected to each other and a first signal transmission part 212 protruding from the first outer surface S1, while the negative electrode element 220 includes second electrodes (not shown) connected to each other and a second signal transmission part 222 protruding from the second outer surface S2. The voltage measurement unit 148 is electrically connected to the first signal transmission part 212 and the second signal transmission part 222. The first signal transmission part 212 and the second signal transmission part 222 are connected to the voltage measurement unit 148 and are arranged to transmit signals. The first and second electrodes (not shown) are arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2A together, the first liquid supply line P5 is coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 and is in communication with the positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1. The first drain conduit P6 communicates with the positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1 and is also coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120. Referring to both Figures 1 and 2B, the second supply conduit P7 communicates with the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 and is also coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2. The second drain conduit P8 communicates with the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2 and is also coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130.

[0016] Referring again to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, at least one of the first drain conduit P6 and the second drain conduit P8 includes a transparent conduit, allowing a user to clearly observe the amount of drainage and further adjust the amount of liquid supplied. In some embodiments, at least one of the conduits is fabricated from a transparent material. FIGS. 3A-3B are side views of the positive electrode end plate 142, the first supply conduit P5, and the first drain conduit P6 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A , the first drain conduit P6 includes a transparent conduit 310 that is substantially horizontal. In other words, in the horizontal direction, at least a portion of the first drain conduit P6 is transparent. Therefore, a user can directly and qualitatively observe the flow rate of the electrolyte and control the flow rate in accordance with the first valve V1 (e.g., an on-off valve). In some embodiments, the transparent conduit 310 may be marked with a scale 312, with a higher electrolyte flow rate corresponding to a higher level mark, and a lower electrolyte flow rate corresponding to a lower level mark. Therefore, the user can semi-quantitatively monitor the electrolyte flow rate and adjust the flow rate by adjusting the opening of the first valve V1. The conduit structure design of the present disclosure allows for precise control of the flow rate without the need for an additional, expensive flow valve. The simple open / close valve and transparent conduit allow the user to monitor the flow rate status in real time and adjust the flow rate in real time. Furthermore, if the conduit becomes clogged with an obstruction, such as vanadium pentoxide, the user can remove the obstruction in real time to avoid distortion of the open-circuit voltage measurement.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first supply line P5 includes a non-horizontal transparent line. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first drain line P6 includes a vertical transparent line 330, i.e., at least a portion of the line is transparent in the vertical direction, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Therefore, the user can directly and qualitatively observe the flow rate of the electrolyte and control the flow rate in accordance with the first valve V1 (e.g., an on-off valve). The pipeline structure design of the present disclosure eliminates the need for a costly flow valve that can precisely control the flow rate. The simple on-off valve and transparent line allow the user to observe the flow rate status in real time, adjust the flow rate, and remove any blockages in the pipeline.

[0018] 4A and 4B are side views of a negative electrode end plate 144, a second liquid supply line P7, and a second liquid drain line P8 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A, the second liquid drain line P8 includes a substantially horizontal transparent line 410. In other words, the second liquid drain line P8 is at least partially transparent in the horizontal direction. In some embodiments, a scale 412 may be displayed on the transparent line. The embodiment and advantages of FIG. 4A may be described with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 3A, and will not be described in detail here. In some embodiments, the second liquid drain line P8 includes a non-horizontal transparent line. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the second liquid drain line P8 includes a substantially vertical transparent line 430, that is, at least a portion of which is transparent in the vertical direction, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The embodiment and advantages of FIG. 4B may be described with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 3B, and will not be described in detail here.

[0019] FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a positive electrode end plate 142 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The positive electrode end plate 142 defines a first chamber C1. A positive electrode electrolyte supply channel SC1 and a positive electrode electrolyte drain channel SD1 each penetrate the positive electrode end plate 142 and communicate with the first chamber C1. Referring to FIGS. 2A and 5A together, a positive electrode element 210 penetrates the positive electrode end plate 142 and corresponds to the first chamber C1, i.e., is positioned in the first chamber C1. The positive electrode element 210 includes a first electrode rod (not shown) and a first signal transmission part 212 connected to each other. The positive electrode end plate 142 has a first outer surface S1 away from the first chamber C1, and the first signal transmission part 212 is protruding from the first outer surface S1. Embodiments of the positive electrode element 210 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 10D, which will be described later.

[0020] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of a negative electrode end plate 144 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5C is a side view of a negative electrode end plate 144 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The negative electrode end plate 144 defines a second chamber C2. A negative electrode electrolyte supply channel SC2 and a negative electrode electrolyte drain channel SD2 each penetrate the negative electrode end plate 144 and communicate with the second chamber C2. Referring to FIGS. 2B and 5B together, the negative electrode element 220 penetrates the negative electrode end plate 144 and corresponds to the second chamber C2, i.e., is positioned in the second chamber C2. The negative electrode element 220 includes a second electrode rod (not shown) and a second signal transmission part 222 connected to each other. The negative electrode end plate 144 has a second outer surface S2 away from the second chamber C2, and the second signal transmission part 222 is protruding from the second outer surface S2. 9A to 10D, which will be described later. Also, the side view of the positive electrode end plate 142 can be directly referred to the side view of the negative electrode end plate 144 in FIG. 5C, and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] 6 to 8 are exploded schematic views of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery monitoring unit 140a includes a positive electrode end plate 142, a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1, a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1, a positive electrode element 210, a negative electrode end plate 144, a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2, a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2, a negative electrode element 220, and a separator 146. The separator 146 is disposed between the first chamber C1 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and the second chamber C2 of the negative electrode end plate 144. Referring to FIGS. 2A, 5A, and 6, when the positive electrode element 210 and the positive electrode end plate 142 are assembled, the positive electrode element 210 passes through the positive electrode element mounting hole H1 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and corresponds to the first chamber C1. In some embodiments, the positive electrode element 210 is directly fixed in the positive electrode element mounting hole H1, for example, by direct adhesive or welding, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Also, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 6, a screw 320 is threaded into the screw fixing hole 510 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and the screw fixing hole 520 of the negative electrode end plate 144 to assemble and fix the positive electrode end plate 142, separator 146, and negative electrode end plate 144 together. In some embodiments, a nut (not shown) corresponding to the screw 320 is provided on the outside of the negative electrode end plate 144. Referring to FIGS. 2A, 5B, and 6, when the negative electrode element 220 and the negative electrode end plate 144 are assembled, the negative electrode element 220 passes through the negative electrode element mounting hole H2 of the negative electrode end plate 144 and corresponds to the second chamber C2. In some embodiments, the negative electrode element 220 is directly adhesively fixed in the negative electrode element mounting hole H2, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Also, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4A and 6, a screw 420 is threaded into the screw fixing hole 520 of the negative electrode end plate 144 and the screw fixing hole 510 of the positive electrode end plate 142 to assemble and fix the negative electrode end plate 144, separator 146, and positive electrode end plate 142 together. In some embodiments, a nut (not shown) corresponding to the screw 420 is provided on the outside of the positive electrode end plate 142.

[0022] 6 , in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a further includes a first conductive sheet 610 and a second conductive sheet 620. The first conductive sheet 610 is disposed between the separator 146 and the positive electrode element 210, and the second conductive sheet 620 is disposed between the separator 146 and the negative electrode element 220. In some embodiments, the first conductive sheet 610 and the second conductive sheet 620 are made of graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, carbon fiber, activated carbon, hollow carbon, soft carbon, hard carbon, or a combination thereof. The conductive sheets reduce impedance, enabling more accurate measurement of the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140a. In other embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a does not include the first conductive sheet 610 or the second conductive sheet 620. In some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a further includes a first annular groove CT1, a first elastic sealing member 630, a second annular groove CT2, and a second elastic sealing member 640. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 6, the first chamber C1 has a first opening O1 facing the separator 146, the first annular groove CT1 surrounds the first opening O1, and the first elastic sealing member 630 is disposed within the first annular groove CT1. As shown in FIGS. 5B and 6, the second chamber C2 has a second opening O2 facing the separator 146, the second annular groove CT2 surrounds the second opening O2, and the second elastic sealing member 640 is disposed within the second annular groove CT2. When all the elements shown in FIG. 6 are fitted together, the elastic sealing members can prevent leakage of the electrolyte. In some embodiments, the first elastic sealing member 630 and the second elastic sealing member 640 are sealing rings. In another embodiment, the battery monitoring unit 140a does not have the first annular groove CT1, the first elastic sealing member 630, the second annular groove CT2, and the second elastic sealing member 640.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a does not include a current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof. For example, no current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof is provided between the separator 146 and the positive electrode end plate 142, and no current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof is provided between the separator 146 and the negative electrode end plate 144. In some embodiments, the positive electrode end plate 142 and the negative electrode end plate 144 are in direct contact with the separator 146. The battery monitoring unit 140a of the present disclosure has a simple structural design, which can improve the reliability of the manufacturing process of the battery monitoring device, extend its service life, and improve the reproducibility of battery capacity measurements.

[0024] 2A and 7 , in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140b further includes a first fixing element 230 and a second fixing element 240. The positive electrode element 210 is assembled and fixed to the first fixing element 230, specifically, directly fixed to the first fixing element 230 by penetrating the first fixing element 230. For example, but not limited to, the positive electrode element 210 is directly glued or welded to the first fixing element 230. The positive electrode element 210 is detachably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142 via the first fixing element 230, so that it can be removed from the positive electrode end plate 142. The negative electrode element 220 is assembled and fixed to the second fixing element 240, specifically, directly fixed to the second fixing element 240 by penetrating the second fixing element 240. For example, but not limited to, the negative electrode element 220 is directly glued or welded to the second fixing element 240. The negative electrode element 220 is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144 via the second fixing element 240, and can therefore be removed from the negative electrode end plate 144. For example, the first fixing element 230 and the second fixing element 240 are fixed bases.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 8 , in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140c further includes a first fixing element 810 and a second fixing element 820. The positive electrode element 210 is removably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142 via the first fixing element 810. Specifically, the first fixing element 810 includes a fixing base 812 and a connection base 814, and the fixing base 812 is removably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142. The fixing base 812 is removably assembled and fixed to the connection base 814, and the positive electrode element 210 is removably assembled and fixed to the connection base 814, which facilitates replacement. A hole in the connection base 814 can tighten the positive electrode element 210 when inserted. The negative electrode element 220 is removably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144 via the second fixing element 820. In detail, the second fixing element 820 includes a fixing base 822 and a connecting base 824 connected to each other, and the fixing base 822 is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144. Since the fixing base 822 is detachably assembled and fixed to the connecting base 824, and the negative electrode element 220 is detachably assembled and fixed to the connecting base 824, replacement can be facilitated. The hole in the connecting base 824 can fasten the negative electrode element 220 when the negative electrode element 220 is inserted. Since the positive electrode element 210 and the negative electrode element 220 of the present disclosure are detachable, convenience of use can be improved.

[0026] See Figures 2A, 2B, 9A-9D, and 10A-10D. Figures 9A-9D and 10A-10D are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices MD according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The electrode elements shown in Figures 9A-9D and 10A-10D can function as the positive electrode element 210 of the battery monitoring unit 140 in Figure 2A or the negative electrode element 220 of the battery monitoring unit 140 in Figure 2B.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 9A , the electrode element 900a includes a signal transmission unit 912, an electrode rod 914, and an insulating protection tube 920. The electrode rod 914 is connected to the signal transmission unit 912. The signal transmission unit 912 is connected to a voltage measurement unit and arranged to transmit a signal. The electrode rod 914 is arranged to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The insulating protection tube 920 covers a portion of the electrode rod 914. More specifically, a portion of the electrode rod 914 is located within the tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In other words, a portion of the electrode rod 914 is fitted within the insulating protection tube 920. The insulating protection tube 920 has a first end T1 and a second end T2, with the first end T1 facing the second end T2. The electrode rod 914 has a first protrusion PT1 located outside the first end T1, and the signal transmission unit 912 has a second protrusion PT2 located outside the second end T2. The insulating protective tube 920 prevents external leakage of the electrolyte, thereby improving the reliability of the battery monitoring device. In some embodiments, the electrode rod 914 has a linear shape. In some embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 has a non-linear shape, which increases the area in contact with the electrolyte, prevents perforation of the separator, and is advantageous for compacting the device. In some embodiments, the non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 is a winding portion. In other embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 has a linear shape (not shown). In some embodiments, the material of the electrode rod 914 includes a carbon material, a carbon composite material, gold, platinum, or a combination thereof. For example, the carbon material includes graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, carbon fiber, activated carbon, hollow carbon, soft carbon, hard carbon, or a combination thereof. For example, the carbon composite material includes a sulfur-carbon composite material, a silicon-carbon composite material, a carbon / carbon composite material, or a combination thereof. Compared to carbon materials and carbon composite materials, platinum has higher stability and therefore better measurement reproducibility. In some embodiments, the material of the signal transmission portion 912 includes copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, platinum, an alloy of any of the above metals, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the electrode 914 and the signal transmission portion 912 include different materials.In some embodiments, the signal transmission unit 912 is a copper wire, and the electrode rod 914 is a carbon rod or a platinum rod. In some embodiments, the material of the insulating protective tube 920 includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 9B , the electrode element 900b includes a signal transmission unit 932, an electrode rod 934, and an insulating protective tube 920. The electrode rod 934 is positioned to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. FIG. 9B differs from FIG. 9A in that the insulating protective tube 920 also covers a portion of the signal transmission unit 932. Specifically, the insulating protective tube 920 simultaneously covers a portion of the signal transmission unit 932 and a portion of the electrode rod 934. Because the ductility of the signal transmission unit 932 is higher than that of the electrode rod 934, the electrode element 900b of FIG. 9B can further reduce the probability of the electrode rod 934 breaking compared to the electrode element 900a of FIG. 9A. Because the material cost of the electrode rod 934 is higher than that of the signal transmission unit 932, the electrode element 900b of FIG. 9B can further reduce manufacturing costs compared to the electrode element 900a of FIG. 9A.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 9C , the electrode element 900c includes a signal transmission portion 912, an electrode rod 914, an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner protective film 922. The inner protective film 922 covers a portion of the electrode rod 914 and is located between the electrode rod 914 and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 9C differs from FIG. 9A in that the electrode element 900c further includes the inner protective film 922. The inner protective film 922 may be formed of an acid- and alkali-resistant insulating adhesive, such as a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the material of the inner protective film 922 and the material of the insulating protective tube 920 independently include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the inner protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 include the same material, such as polyvinyl chloride. In some embodiments, the inner protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 include different materials.

[0030] As shown in Figure 9D, the electrode element 900d includes a signal transmission part 932, an electrode rod 934, an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner protective film 922. The inner protective film 922 covers a portion of the electrode rod 934 and a portion of the signal transmission part 932. The inner protective film 922 is located between the electrode rod 934 and the insulating protective tube 920, and also between the signal transmission part 932 and the insulating protective tube 920. Figure 9D differs from Figure 9B in that the electrode element 900d further includes the inner protective film 922.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 10A , the electrode element 1000a includes a signal transmission portion 912′, an electrode rod 914′, and an insulating protective tube 920. The electrode rod 914′ is positioned to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The electrode rod 914′ has a non-linear portion SP1 connected to the signal transmission portion 912′ and covered with the insulating protective tube 920. In some embodiments, the non-linear portion SP1 has a curved shape, a spiral shape, a wound shape, or a combination thereof. FIG. 10A differs from FIG. 9A in that the electrode rod 914′ further includes the non-linear portion SP1. When the electrode element 1000a is installed in a battery monitoring device, the non-linear portion SP1 can prevent the electrolyte in the chamber from leaking to the outside, thereby meeting the needs of a high-pressure operating environment. Furthermore, the non-linear portion SP1 allows the electrode rod 914′ to be firmly fitted into the insulating protective tube 920.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 10B, the electrode element 1000b includes a signal transmission portion 932′, an electrode rod 934′, and an insulating protective tube 920. The electrode rod 934′ is positioned to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The electrode rod 934′ has a non-linear portion SP2. In some embodiments, the non-linear portion SP2 has a curved shape, a spiral shape, a wound shape, or a combination thereof. FIG. 10B differs from FIG. 10A in that the insulating protective tube 920 further covers a portion of the signal transmission portion 932′. As shown in FIG. 10C, the electrode element 1000c includes a signal transmission portion 912′, an electrode rod 914′, an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner protective film 922′. The inner protective film 922′ covers a portion of the electrode rod 914′ and is located between the electrode rod 914′ and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 10C differs from FIG. 10A in that the electrode element 1000c further includes an inner-layer protective film 922'. As shown in FIG. 10D, the electrode element 1000d includes a signal transmission portion 932', an electrode rod 934', an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner-layer protective film 922'. The inner-layer protective film 922' covers a portion of the electrode rod 934' and a portion of the signal transmission portion 932'. The inner-layer protective film 922' is located between the electrode rod 934' and the insulating protective tube 920, and between the signal transmission portion 932' and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 10D differs from FIG. 10B in that the electrode element 1000d further includes an inner-layer protective film 922'.

[0033] The present disclosure subsequently provides multiple methods for manufacturing electrode elements for battery monitoring devices. While the methods disclosed herein are described below using a series of operations or steps, the order in which these operations or steps are presented should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. For example, some operations or steps may be performed in a different order and / or simultaneously with other steps. Furthermore, not all illustrated operations, steps, and / or features need to be performed to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, each operation or step described herein may include multiple substeps or actions.

[0034] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. See also FIGS. 9A and 11A. FIG. 11A is a flowchart of a method 1100A for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100A includes operations 1110, 1120, and 1130, which are performed sequentially. In operation 1110, an electrode rod 914 is connected to a signal transmission unit 912, the electrode rod 914 is arranged to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD, and the signal transmission unit 912 is connected to a voltage measurement unit 148 to transmit a signal. In some embodiments, connecting the electrode rod 914 to the signal transmission unit 912 is performed by welding. In operation 1120, a portion of the electrode rod 914 is passed through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. The insulating protection tube 920 has a first end T1 and a second end T2, the first end T1 facing the second end T2, the electrode rod 914 has a first protrusion PT1 located outside the first end T1, and the signal transmission portion 912 has a second protrusion PT2 located outside the second end T2. In operation 1130, an insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the portion of the electrode rod 914 and the insulating protection tube 920 to fill the gap between the electrode rod 914 and the insulating protection tube 920 and thereby prevent electrolyte leakage. The present disclosure provides another method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. See also FIGS. 9A and 11B. Manufacturing method 1100B includes operations 1120, 1110, and 1130, which are performed sequentially. After a portion of the electrode rod 914 passes through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube 920, the electrode rod 914 is connected to the signal transmission unit 912. In some embodiments, the insulating adhesive includes a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, or a combination thereof.

[0035] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Referring to FIGS. 9B and 11A , in operation 1110, an electrode rod 934 and a signal transmission section 932 are connected, the electrode rod 934 is arranged to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD, and the signal transmission section 932 is connected to a voltage measurement unit 148 and arranged to transmit a signal. In operation 1120, a portion of the electrode rod 934 is passed through a tubular hole of an insulating protection tube 920. The manufacturing method 1100A further includes an operation of passing a portion of the signal transmission section 932 through the tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1130, an insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the portion of the electrode rod 934 and the insulating protection tube 920. The manufacturing method 1100A further includes an operation of filling an insulating adhesive between the portion of the signal transmission section 932 and the insulating protection tube 920. This fills the gaps between the electrode rod 934, the signal transmission part 932 and the insulating protective tube 920, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the electrolyte from seeping out.

[0036] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. See also FIGS. 9C and 11C. FIG. 11C is a flowchart of a method 1100C for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100C includes operations 1110, 1140, 1150, and 1160, which are performed sequentially. In operation 1110, an electrode 914 is connected to a signal transmission unit 912, and the electrode 914 is arranged to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The signal transmission unit 912 is connected to a voltage measurement unit 148 and arranged to transmit a signal. In operation 1140, a first insulating adhesive is applied to cover a portion of the electrode 914 to form an inner protective film 922. In operation 1150, this portion of the electrode 914 and the inner protective film 922 are passed through a tubular hole in an insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1160, a second insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the inner protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 to fill the gap and prevent the electrolyte from seeping out. In some embodiments, the first insulating adhesive and the second insulating adhesive independently comprise a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, or a combination thereof. In other embodiments, operations 1140, 1150, 1110, and 1160 are performed sequentially. In other embodiments, operations 1140, 1150, 1160, and 1110 are performed sequentially.

[0037] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Please also refer to FIGS. 9D and 11D. FIG. 11D is a flowchart of a method 1100D for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100D includes operations 1110, 1170, 1180, and 1160, which are performed sequentially. The above embodiment may be referred to for the description of operation 1110, and a detailed description thereof will not be given here. In operation 1170, a first insulating adhesive is applied to cover a portion of the electrode rod 934 and a portion of the signal transmission portion 932 to form an inner protective film 922. In operation 1180, the portion of the electrode rod 934, the portion of the signal transmission portion 932, and the inner protective film 922 are passed through a tubular hole in the insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1160, a second insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the inner protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 to fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the electrolyte from seeping out.

[0038] The electrode elements of Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D may be manufactured by referring to the embodiments of Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D, respectively. The manufacturing method of the electrode element described above is a simple process, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the electrode element and improve the reliability of the electrode element.

[0039] The features of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to experimental examples. The following examples are described, but the materials used, their amounts and ratios, processing details, processing processes, etc. can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited by the following examples.

[0040] Experimental example: Measuring the battery capacity of a flow battery

[0041] Charging and discharging are performed using the flow battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1. The flow battery FB is a vanadium flow battery. The battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD is connected to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 via a first liquid supply line P5 and a first liquid drain line P6, and to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 via a second liquid supply line P7 and a second liquid drain line P8. For an embodiment of the positive and negative electrode elements in the battery monitoring unit 140, see FIG. 9C. The signal transmission part 912 is a copper wire, the electrode rod 914 is a platinum rod, the inner protective film 922 is a polyvinyl chloride layer, and the insulating protective tube 920 is a polyvinyl chloride tube. A voltage measurement unit 148 is externally attached to the battery monitoring unit 140 to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140. During measurement, the flow rate of the electrolyte can be adjusted by the first valve V1 and / or the second valve V2. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. When the load 150 changes during discharge, the voltage of the flow battery FB fluctuates as shown in FIG. 12, but as shown in FIG. 13, the voltage of the battery monitoring device MD is not affected by the load 150. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the power-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery capacity of the flow battery FB can be calculated from the power of the flow battery FB in FIG. 14 and the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD in FIG. 15.

[0042] As described above, the present disclosure provides a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, and a method for manufacturing the electrode element. The battery monitoring device of the present disclosure has a simple structural design, which improves the reliability of its manufacturing process, extends its service life, and improves the reproducibility of battery capacity measurements. When measuring the open-circuit voltage, the voltage of the battery monitoring device is not affected by the load, allowing users to accurately determine the battery capacity of the flow battery. Therefore, users can precisely control the charging and discharging of the flow battery, thereby reducing the operating costs of the flow battery and extending its service life.

[0043] Although the present disclosure has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments, other embodiments are possible, and therefore, the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the embodiments contained herein.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover all modifications and variations of the present invention that fall within the scope of the following claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 100: Flow battery system 110: Flow battery unit 112: Positive battery cell 114: Negative battery cell 116: Separator 120: Positive electrode electrolyte tank 130: Negative electrolyte tank 140, 140a, 140b, 140c: Battery monitoring units 142: Positive end plate 146: Separator 144:Negative end plate 148: Voltage measurement unit 150: Load 210: Positive electrode element 212: First signal transmission unit 220: Negative element 222: Second signal transmission unit 230, 810: First fixing element 240, 820: Second fixed element 310, 330, 410, 430: Transparent pipe line 312, 412: Scale 320, 420: Screws 510, 520: Screw fixing holes 610: First conductive sheet 620: Second conductive sheet 630: First elastic seal member 640: Second elastic seal member 812, 822: Fixed base 814, 824: Connection base 900a, 900b, 900c, 900d, 1000a, 1000b, 1000c, 1000d: electrode elements 912, 912', 932, 932': signal transmission section 914, 914', 934, 934': Electrode rod 920: Insulating protective tube 922, 922': Inner protective film 1100A, 1100B, 1100C, 1100D: Manufacturing method 1110, 1120, 1130, 1140, 1150, 1160, 1170, 1180: Operation C1: First chamber C2: Second chamber CT1: First annular groove CT2: Second annular groove FB: Flow battery H1: Positive element mounting hole H2: Negative element mounting hole L1, L2, L3, L4: Conductor MD:Battery monitoring device O1: First opening O2: 2nd opening P1: 1st main liquid supply pipe P2: First main drainage line P3: 2nd main liquid supply pipe P4: 2nd drainage main pipe P5: First fluid supply line P6: 1st drain line P7: Second fluid supply line P8: 2nd drain line PT1: First protrusion PT2: Second protrusion PU1: No. 1 No. 1 PU2: 2nd ポンプ T1: End 1 T2: End 2 V1: No. 1 バルブ V2: 2nd バルブ V3:The third バルブ V4:The fourth バルブ S1: First outside S2: Second outermost SC1: Positive Electrolyte Supply Flow Path SC2: Negative Electrolyte Feed Flow Path SD1: Positive Electrolyte Drainage Flow Path SD2: Negative Electrolyte Drainage Flow Path SP1, SP2: Non-linear parts

Claims

1. A battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, comprising: a positive end plate defining a first chamber; a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path and a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path, each of which penetrates the positive electrode end plate and communicates with the first chamber; a positive electrode element including a first electrode rod and a first signal transmission part that penetrate the positive electrode end plate and correspond to the first chamber and are connected to each other, the first electrode rod having a first protrusion, the positive electrode end plate having a first outer surface away from the first chamber, and the first signal transmission part being protruded from the first outer surface; a negative end plate defining a second chamber; an anode electrolyte supply passage and an anode electrolyte drain passage, each of which penetrates the anode end plate and communicates with the second chamber; a negative electrode element including a second electrode rod and a second signal transmission part that penetrate the negative electrode end plate and correspond to the second chamber and are connected to each other, the second electrode rod having a second protrusion, at least one of the first protrusion and the second protrusion having a non-linear shape, the negative electrode end plate having a second outer surface away from the second chamber, and the second signal transmission part being protruded from the second outer surface; a separator disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber; A battery monitoring device for a flow battery system comprising:

2. a first conductive sheet provided between the separator and the positive electrode element; a second conductive sheet provided between the separator and the negative electrode element; The battery monitoring device of claim 1 further comprising:

3. 2. The battery monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a first annular groove, a first elastic sealing member, a second annular groove, and a second elastic sealing member, wherein the first chamber has a first opening toward the separator, the first annular groove surrounds the first opening, and the first elastic sealing member is provided within the first annular groove, and the second chamber has a second opening toward the separator, the second annular groove surrounds the second opening, and the second elastic sealing member is provided within the second annular groove.

4. The battery monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a first fixing element and a second fixing element, wherein the positive electrode element is detachably fixed to the positive electrode end plate via the first fixing element, and the negative electrode element is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate via the second fixing element.

5. The non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof.

2. The battery monitoring device according to claim 1.

6. 2. The battery monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode element further includes a first insulating protective tube covering a portion of the first electrode rod, the first protrusion protruding from the first insulating protective tube, and the negative electrode element further includes a second insulating protective tube covering a portion of the second electrode rod, the second protrusion protruding from the second insulating protective tube.

7. 7. The battery monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein the first insulating protective tube further covers a portion of the first signal transmission section, and the second insulating protective tube further covers a portion of the second signal transmission section.

8. 7. The battery monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein the first electrode rod has a first non-linear portion covered by the first insulating protective tube, and the second electrode rod has a second non-linear portion covered by the second insulating protective tube.

9. The battery monitoring device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the positive electrode element further includes a first inner-layer protective film covering a portion of the first electrode rod, the first inner-layer protective film being located between the first electrode rod and the first insulating protective tube, and the negative electrode element further includes a second inner-layer protective film covering a portion of the second electrode rod, the second inner-layer protective film being located between the second electrode rod and the second insulating protective tube.

10. a flow battery unit; a positive electrode electrolyte tank configured to store a positive electrode electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; an anode electrolyte tank configured to store an anode electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; The battery monitoring device according to claim 1; a first supply line coupled to the positive electrolyte reservoir and in communication with the positive electrolyte supply flow path; a second supply line coupled to the anode electrolyte reservoir and in communication with the anode electrolyte supply flow path; a first drain line communicating with the positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte reservoir; a second drain line communicating with the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte reservoir; A flow battery system comprising:

11. 11. The flow battery system according to claim 10, wherein the positive electrode electrolyte tank is connected to the flow battery unit via a first main liquid feed line, the negative electrode electrolyte tank is connected to the flow battery unit via a second main liquid feed line, the first main liquid feed line communicates with the first main liquid feed line, the second main liquid feed line communicates with the second main liquid feed line, and the first main liquid feed line and the second main liquid feed line have larger pipe diameters than the first main liquid feed line and the second main liquid feed line, respectively.

12. 11. The flow battery system of claim 10, further comprising at least one valve disposed in the first supply line, the second supply line, the first drain line, the second drain line, or a combination thereof.

13. The flow battery system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein at least one of the first drainage pipe and the second drainage pipe includes a transparent pipe.

14. 14. The flow battery system of claim 13, wherein the transparent conduit is substantially horizontal.

15. 14. The flow battery system of claim 13, wherein the transparent conduit is non-horizontal.

16. An electrode element for a battery monitoring device, a signal transmission unit; an electrode connected to the signal transmission unit and arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device; an insulating protection tube covering a portion of the electrode rod and having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, the electrode rod having a first protrusion having a non-linear shape positioned outside the first end, and the signal transmission portion having a second protrusion positioned outside the second end; An electrode element for a battery monitoring device comprising:

17. 17. The electrode element according to claim 16, wherein the material of the electrode rod includes a carbon material, a carbon composite material, gold, platinum, or a combination thereof.

18. 17. The electrode element according to claim 16, wherein the material of the signal transmission portion includes copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, platinum, an alloy of any of the above metals, or a combination thereof.

19. 17. The electrode element of claim 16, wherein the non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof.

20. 17. The electrode element according to claim 16, wherein the insulating protective tube further covers a part of the signal transmission portion.

21. 17. The electrode element according to claim 16, wherein the electrode rod has a non-linear portion covered with the insulating protective tube.

22. 22. The electrode element according to claim 16, further comprising an inner protective film covering a portion of the electrode rod, the inner protective film being located between the portion of the electrode rod and the insulating protective tube.

23. 23. The electrode element according to claim 22, wherein the material of the inner protective film and the material of the insulating protective tube independently include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.

24. A method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, comprising: connecting an electrode rod to a signal transmission unit, and positioning the electrode rod to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device; passing a portion of the electrode rod through a tubular hole of an insulating protection tube, the insulating protection tube having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, and the electrode rod having a first protrusion having a non-linear shape located outside the first end; A method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, comprising:

25. 25. The manufacturing method according to claim 24, further comprising the step of filling an insulating adhesive into the tubular hole and between the portion of the electrode rod and the insulating protection tube after passing the portion of the electrode rod through the tubular hole of the insulating protection tube.

26. 25. The manufacturing method according to claim 24, further comprising the step of applying an insulating adhesive to cover the portion of the electrode rod, or the portion of the electrode rod and a portion of the signal transmission portion, before passing the portion of the electrode rod through the tubular hole of the insulating protection tube.

27. The manufacturing method according to claim 24, further comprising the step of passing a portion of the signal transmission portion through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube.

28. 25. The manufacturing method according to claim 24, wherein the electrode rod and the signal transmission part are connected after the portion of the electrode rod is passed through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube, and the signal transmission part has a second protrusion located outside the second end.

Images