Mobile power supply system and mobile device

Abstract

To implement power supply to a mobile device at relatively low cost.SOLUTION: An AC current is conducted in a primary conductor 1, and a mobile device (such as a vehicle 101) comprises a vector potential coil 2. The vector potential coil 2 receives a vector potential, which is generated by the AC current conducted in the primary conductor 1, in a non-contact manner and conducts a current induced by the vector potential. Further, the primary conductor 1 is a part of or all of a lead wire disposed continuously along a movement path of the mobile device (such as a road 102) and when the mobile device (such as the vehicle 101) is on the movement path (such as the road 102), the vector potential coil 2 continuously receives the vector potential in a non-contact manner and conducts the current.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a mobile power supply system and a mobile device. [Background technology]

[0002] In one system, multiple primary coils are embedded in the road at predetermined intervals, and secondary coils are installed on the vehicle. When the vehicle (secondary coil) passes over the primary coil, power is supplied from the primary coil to the vehicle (secondary coil) due to electromagnetic coupling between the primary coil and the secondary coil (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Meanwhile, a device for detecting AC vector potential has been developed that uses a vector potential coil in which a solenoid coil is wound in an annular shape (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Also, a shield penetration device has been developed that utilizes the property of vector potential to penetrate electromagnetic shields (see, for example, Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2015-510746 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6950925 specification [Patent Document 3] International Publication WO2015 / 099147 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the above-mentioned system, when the secondary coil is located directly above the primary coil, the electromagnetic coupling coefficient between them is relatively high, but when the secondary coil is moved away from directly above the primary coil, the coupling coefficient drops rapidly. Therefore, in order to supply sufficient power to the secondary coil of a vehicle passing over the primary coil, it is necessary to conduct a large current through the primary coil for a very short time, which increases the cost of the drive circuit that conducts current through multiple primary coils, and ultimately increases the cost of the system.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a mobile power supply system that realizes power supply to a mobile device at a relatively low cost, and a mobile device that can be used in the mobile power supply system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] A mobile power supply system according to the present invention comprises a primary conductor through which an AC current flows, and a mobile device equipped with a vector potential coil that senses, in a non-contact manner, a vector potential generated by the AC current flowing through the primary conductor and conducts a current generated from a voltage difference due to that vector potential. The primary conductor is all or part of a conducting wire that is continuously arranged along the path of movement of the mobile device, and the vector potential coil continuously senses, in a non-contact manner, the vector potential and conducts a current when the mobile device is in the path of movement.

[0008] A mobile device according to the present invention is equipped with a vector potential coil that senses, in a non-contact manner, a vector potential generated by an alternating current that flows through a primary conductor, which is part or all of a conducting wire that is continuously arranged along the path of movement of the mobile device, and conducts a current generated from a voltage difference due to the vector potential. The vector potential coil continuously senses, in a non-contact manner, the vector potential and conducts a current when the mobile device is on its path of movement. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a mobile power supply system that realizes power supply to a mobile device at a relatively low cost, and a mobile device that can be used in the mobile power supply system. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a mobile object power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the primary conductor and vector potential coil in the mobile body power supply system shown in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the change in power receiving efficiency with respect to the positional deviation of the power receiving side relative to the power transmitting side in the verification experiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the electrical configuration of the mobile object power supply system shown in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a plurality of primary conductors arranged along a multi-lane road in the mobile power supply system shown in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a meandering primary conductor on a road in an urban area in the mobile body power supply system shown in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a primary conductor in a parking lot in the mobile object power supply system shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of vector potential coils 2 in a moving body device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the arrangement of vector potential coils 2 in a moving body device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a side view showing an example of a mobile object power supply system according to the third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a front view showing an example of the installation position of vector potential coils in embodiment 3. [Figure 12]FIG. 12 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2A in a movable body device according to embodiment 4. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2B in a movable body device according to embodiment 5. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a front view showing an example of the vector potential coil 2 in a moving body device according to embodiment 6. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2C in a movable body device according to Embodiment 7. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2D in a movable body device according to Embodiment 8. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a front view showing an example of the vector potential coil 2 in a moving body device according to Embodiment 9. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a top view showing an example of the vector potential coil 2 in a moving body device according to embodiment 10. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram illustrating a resonant circuit in a moving body device according to the eleventh embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the results of a simulation of the output voltage of the power supply device 6 according to the eleventh embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0012] Embodiment 1

[0013] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a mobile object power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] The mobile body power supply system shown in FIG. 1 includes a vehicle 101 equipped with a primary conductor 1 and a vector potential coil 2, and supplies power from the primary conductor 1 to the vector potential coil 2 using vector potential.

[0015] An AC current flows through the primary conductor 1. The vehicle 101 is a type of mobile device that moves on a road 102 as a travel route, and in this case is an electric vehicle. Furthermore, the vector potential coil (hereinafter also referred to as the VP coil) 2 senses, in a non-contact manner, the vector potential generated by the AC current flowing through the primary conductor 1, and conducts a current (AC current) induced by the vector potential. Note that even when the vehicle 101 is not moving and is parked, if an AC current is flowing through the primary conductor 1, the above-mentioned AC current will be induced in the VP coil 2.

[0016] The primary conductor 1 is part or all of a (non-wound) conductor wire that is continuously arranged along the travel path of the mobile device (here, a road 102 on which the vehicle 101 can travel, etc.). In the first embodiment, the primary conductor 1 has a linear or curved shape that corresponds to the shape of the road 102. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the primary conductor 1 is buried at a predetermined depth D in the center of the road 102 (lane). Note that, for example, a coated conductor wire is used for the primary conductor 1, and is insulated from the ground.

[0017] The VP coil 2 continuously senses the vector potential in a non-contact manner and conducts a current when the vehicle 101 (mobile device) is on a travel path (here, a road 102 on which the primary conductor 1 is installed).

[0018] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the primary conductor 1 and the vector potential coil 2 in the mobile body power supply system shown in FIG.

[0019] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the VP coil 2 is a solenoid coil extending along a curved coil axis, with the primary conductor 1 positioned on the inside of the curve of the coil axis. The VP coil 2 is also positioned so that its coil axis (the winding centerline of the VP coil 2) extends within a plane 1P perpendicular to the primary conductor 1. Here, the coil axis is shaped like an open curve, and the angle as seen from the primary conductor 1 at each position on the coil axis from one end of the VP coil 2 to the other increases or decreases monotonically. Therefore, the VP coil 2 forms an opening 13 in the inside of the curve.

[0020] The coil axis is preferably shaped like an arc with the primary conductor 1 (i.e., the AC current passing through the primary conductor 1) as its center, and the VP coil 2 is preferably arranged so that the primary conductor 1 is located at the center of curvature of the coil axis. For this reason, the curvature (radius of curvature) of the coil axis may be set according to the buried depth D of the primary conductor 1 and the installation height of the VP coil 2 from the surface of the road 102. Furthermore, the VP coil 2 is preferably arranged close to the AC current (i.e., the primary conductor 1); for example, the VP coil 2 is installed on the vehicle 101 so that the VP coil 2 is located 1 m or less, or 0.5 m or less, from the primary conductor 1.

[0021] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the central angle θ of the arc of the coil axis (the central angle of a sector with the arc as its periphery) is set to 180 degrees or less. Because the sensed vector potential increases in proportion to this central angle θ, it is preferable that this central angle θ is large. This central angle θ is set to any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 360 degrees, and may further be (a) any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees, (b) any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, (c) any angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 45 degrees, or (d) any angle greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 360 degrees, or further, (e) any angle greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 180 degrees, (f) any angle greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 90 degrees, (e) any angle greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 45 degrees, (f) any angle greater than 0.5 degrees and less than 25 degrees, or (g) any angle greater than 2 degrees. and may be any angle less than 360 degrees; further, (h) any angle greater than or equal to 2 degrees and less than 180 degrees; (i) any angle greater than or equal to 2 degrees and less than 90 degrees; (j) any angle greater than or equal to 2 degrees and less than 45 degrees; (k) any angle greater than or equal to 2 degrees and less than 25 degrees; or (l) any angle greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than 360 degrees; further, (m) any angle greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than 180 degrees; (n) any angle greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than 90 degrees; (o) any angle greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than 45 degrees; or (p) any angle greater than or equal to 5 degrees and less than 25 degrees.

[0022] Furthermore, the ideal curve for the shape of the coil axis is an arc that is part of a circle, but for convenience of manufacturing and arrangement, it does not necessarily have to be an arc; any smooth curve will suffice, and if the primary conductor 1 is arranged in the concave (inward) direction, a relatively large vector potential can be sensed.

[0023] Here, we will explain the AC current induced in the VP coil 2. For example, as shown in Figure 2, a vector potential VP(t) is generated (in the same direction) parallel to the direction of the AC current I(t) (i.e., the direction of the primary conductor 1), and the strength of the vector potential VP(t) decreases in inverse proportion to the distance from the AC current I(t) (i.e., the primary conductor 1). The time derivative of the vector potential VP(t) is proportional to the electric field, and the induced voltage is the result of integrating this electric field along the path of the winding. Therefore, in the VP coil 2, a high voltage is generated in the area close to the primary conductor 1, and a low voltage is generated in the area far from the primary conductor 1. Since these voltages are in phase, the difference between the two voltages becomes the induced voltage. Increasing the number of turns in the VP coil 2 generates a proportional voltage. Therefore, as the vector potential VP(t) due to the AC current I(t) in the primary conductor 1 changes over time, an AC current is induced in the VP coil 2.

[0024] Furthermore, as shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3, the induced voltage of the vector potential is not attenuated by an electromagnetic shield, and therefore, even if the body or chassis of the vehicle 101 has magnetic shielding properties, an AC current is induced in the VP coil 2 as the vector potential due to the AC current in the primary conductor 1 changes over time.

[0025] Here, we will provide a theoretical explanation of vector potential using mathematical formulas.

[0026]

number

[0027] This equation is a relation for the magnetic flux Φ, where B is the magnetic flux density and ∇×A is the curl of the vector potential A. The last term comes from Stokes' theorem, which allows the magnetic flux to be expressed in terms of a vector potential.

[0028]

number

[0029] This equation expresses Faraday's electromagnetic induction using magnetic flux in terms of vector potential. Faraday's electromagnetic induction states that when the magnetic flux inside a coil changes over time, a proportional voltage is generated. The minus sign refers to Lenz's law, which states that a voltage is generated in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux. Here, when magnetic flux is expressed as a vector potential, it becomes a contour integral using the above-mentioned relationship between magnetic flux Φ, and a contour integral is a closed line integral. However, when expressed as a vector potential, the integration path does not necessarily have to be closed, and a voltage is generated according to the length of the line integral's integration path (in other words, rather than a contour integral, the voltage of that part is given by the line integral with an angle between 0 and θ that does not go around (a full circle)). In other words, a voltage is generated even if there is an opening 13 in the integration path. Therefore, even if there is no magnetic flux inside the coil, voltage can be induced if a vector potential is induced. Note that θ is the central angle of the arc formed by the coil axis. For example, when θ is π, the output voltage V2 is half that of a full circle.

[0030] The following equation is a theoretical formula for finding the open-circuit voltage generated at both ends of VP coil 2 from the current flowing through primary conductor 1, using the geometric parameters of the vector potential convergence coil and the characteristics of the magnetic material. Here, VP coil 2 is arc-shaped, and primary conductor 1 is located at the center of a circle that contains this arc.

[0031]

number

[0032] Here, V2 is the output voltage of VP coil 2, N is the number of winding layers of VP coil 2, r is the winding coil radius of VP coil 2, d is the diameter of the coil wire of VP coil 2, R is the bending radius of VP coil 2, I0 is the current amplitude of primary conductor 1, ω is the angular frequency of the AC current mentioned above, μ0 is the vacuum permeability, μre is the effective relative permeability of the ferromagnetic material described below, θ is the arc angle (central angle) of VP coil 2 (0<θ<360[deg]), k is the winding clearance, and t is time.

[0033] For example, in this equation, if N = 2, r = 0.1 m, d = 0.002 m, R = 0.5 m, I0 = 100 A, ω = 2π × 1000 rad / s, μre = 100, θ = π / 4 rad, and k = 0.01, the output voltage V2 (amplitude) of VP coil 2 will be approximately 310 V.

[0034] Also, in this equation, if N = 10, r = 0.1 m, d = 0.002 m, R = 1 m, I0 = 100 A, ω = 2π × 50 rad / s, μre = 100, θ = π / 4 rad, and k = 0.01, the output voltage V2 (amplitude) of VP coil 2 is approximately 77 V.

[0035] Here, the results of a verification experiment on the penetration of the vector potential of the VP coil 2 through an electromagnetic shield will be described.

[0036] The inventors conducted verification experiments using VP coil 2 and a conventional spiral coil. Specifically, for VP coil 2, a 5A, 20kHz AC current was passed through the linear conductor portion (primary conductor 1), and the other conductor portions were electromagnetically shielded with a 2mm thick steel pipe. VP coil 2 (central angle: approximately 180°) was positioned parallel to the vertical plane of the linear conductor portion, and the output power of VP coil 2 was measured with and without a 5mm thick iron plate between VP coil 2 and the linear conductor portion. Furthermore, for the spiral coil, the power transmitting spiral coil and the power receiving spiral coil were positioned facing each other, and a 5A, 20kHz AC current was passed through the power transmitting spiral coil, and the output power of the power receiving spiral coil was measured.

[0037] In measurements of VP coil 2, when the load resistance connected to VP coil 2 was changed from 10.2 Ω to 50.8 Ω, a power transmission rate (the ratio of output power when there is no shield to output power when there is a shield) of 42.1 to 44.1% was confirmed. In this way, it was confirmed that power can be transmitted by vector potential even when the magnetic flux is shielded.

[0038] In this embodiment, the vehicle 101 is made of a material (steel, stainless steel, etc.) that has magnetic shielding properties, and the VP coil 2 is disposed inside the vehicle 101.

[0039] On the other hand, in measurements of a spiral coil, the output power of the power receiving coil was measured with and without a similar iron plate inserted between the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil, while varying the load resistance connected to the power receiving coil from 0.15 Ω to 1.00 Ω. As a result, when there was an iron plate shield, the output power of the power receiving coil was below the measurement limit of the measuring instrument used, and the power transmittance was approximately 0%.

[0040] Figure 3 illustrates the change in power receiving efficiency with respect to the misalignment of the power receiving side relative to the power transmitting side in the verification experiment. As shown in Figure 3, in the measurement of the change in power receiving efficiency with respect to the misalignment, the plane perpendicular to the primary conductor 1 was defined as the XY plane. The primary conductor 1 was positioned at the origin (0,0) of the XY plane along the Z axis. The VP coil 2 was positioned so that both ends of the VP coil 2 were aligned in the X-axis direction and the plane including the coil axis of the VP coil 2 was parallel to the XY plane. While the primary conductor 1 was fixed, the position (Xi, Yj) of the VP coil 2 was moved two-dimensionally in the X-axis and Y-axis directions (i = 1, . . . , m, j = 2, . . . , n), and the output power of the VP coil 2 was measured. The ratio (power receiving efficiency) of the power at each position (Xi, Yj) to the power at the reference point (0, Y1) was calculated.

[0041] Similarly, in measurements of a spiral coil, the plane perpendicular to the winding surface of the transmitting coil was defined as the XY plane, and the transmitting coil was positioned so that its center was located at the origin (0,0) of the XY plane.With the transmitting coil fixed, the position (Xi, Yj) of the receiving coil was moved two-dimensionally in the X-axis and Y-axis directions (i=1,···,m, j=2,···,n), and the output power of the receiving coil was measured, and the ratio of the power at each position (Xi, Yj) to the power at the reference point (0, Y1) (power receiving efficiency) was derived.

[0042] This resulted in a two-dimensional distribution of power receiving efficiency. Note that the reference point (0, Y1) is set to 100%, and the power receiving efficiency decreases the further away from the reference point (0, Y1). Figure 3 shows the distribution of power receiving efficiency with respect to positional misalignment for the VP coil 2 and the distribution of power receiving efficiency with respect to positional misalignment for the spiral coil using contour lines. As shown in Figure 3, the decrease in power receiving efficiency for the VP coil 2 is relatively small even when misalignment occurs. In other words, in the case of the VP coil 2, even if the position of the moving object on which the VP coil 2 is installed is misaligned from the primary conductor 1, the power receiving efficiency does not decrease relatively much.

[0043] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the electrical configuration of the mobile object power supply system shown in FIG.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 4, the vehicle 101 includes the above-mentioned VP coil 2, a motor 3 for driving the wheels, an internal device 4 including an electrical system such as a controller for the motor 3, a secondary battery unit 5, and a power supply device 6. Furthermore, as infrastructure, a primary conductor 1 is laid, and a power distribution device 1A for conducting the above-mentioned AC current through the primary conductor 1 is also installed. The power distribution device 1A conducts AC current at a predetermined frequency and a predetermined amplitude. For example, the primary conductor 1 and the power distribution device 1A may be provided for each road link or at predetermined distances.

[0045] The secondary battery unit 5 includes one or more secondary battery modules that store the driving power for the motor 3 .

[0046] The power supply device 6 supplies power to the motor 3, internal device 4, secondary battery unit 5, etc. based on the current induced in the VP coil 2. The power supply device 6 may have a built-in AC / DC converter circuit and a charging circuit for the secondary battery unit 5, converting the AC power induced in the VP coil 2 into DC power using the AC / DC converter circuit, charging the secondary battery unit 5 using the DC power using the charging circuit, and supplying the DC power and / or power stored in the secondary battery unit 5 to the motor 3, internal device 4, etc.

[0047] The VP coil 2 may be a single solenoid coil, or multiple solenoid coils. When multiple VP coils 2 are used, the multiple VP coils 2 are electrically connected in series or in parallel as necessary. The multiple VP coils 2 may be arranged horizontally or vertically. Furthermore, the power supply device 6 may include multiple AC / DC converter circuits for the multiple VP coils 2, respectively, and the outputs of the multiple AC / DC converter circuits may be connected in series or parallel, and power may be supplied to the motor 3, internal device 4, and secondary battery unit 5 using the series or parallel outputs.

[0048] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a plurality of primary conductors 1 arranged along a road with multiple lanes in the mobile power supply system shown in FIG.

[0049] For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the road 102 has multiple lanes 111A, 111B, 112A, and 112B (when the road 102 is a two-lane, bidirectional road), primary conductors 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-2A, and 1-2B are arranged in each of the multiple lanes 111A, 111B, 112A, and 112B. Furthermore, the primary conductors 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-2A, and 1-2B are arranged parallel to one another. Whether the road 102 is straight or curved, any two of the primary conductors 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-2A, and 1-2B are arranged at approximately the same intervals at each point. Furthermore, some or all of the primary conductors 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-2A, and 1-2B are electrically connected in series or in parallel as necessary. Furthermore, AC currents I1(t), I2(t), I3(t), and I4(t) of the same frequency are conducted in the forward direction (predetermined direction) or the reverse direction (opposite to the predetermined direction) through primary conductors 1-1A, 1-1B, 1-2A, and 1-2B of multiple lanes 111A, 111B, 112A, and 112B, respectively. The direction and amplitude of each AC current I1(t), I2(t), I3(t), and I4(t) are set so that the difference between the sum of the AC currents I1(t) and I3(t) conducted in the forward direction and the sum of the AC currents I2(t) and I4(t) conducted in the reverse direction is approximately zero. This results in the magnetic fields generated by the AC currents conducted in the forward direction and the reverse direction being out of phase with each other, thereby suppressing magnetic fields and EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) noise from the outside (such as the surrounding area).

[0050] 5(B), even if road 102 has an odd number of lanes 111A, 111B, and 112 (three in this example) and primary conductors 111A, 111B, and 112 are laid parallel to one another, the direction and amplitude of each AC current I5(t), I6(t), and I7(t) in those lanes 111A, 111B, and 112 are set so that the difference between the sum of forward-conducting AC currents I5(t) and I6(t) and the sum of reverse-conducting AC current I7(t) is approximately zero. As a result, the magnetic fields caused by the forward-conducting AC currents and the reverse-conducting AC currents are in opposite phase to each other, thereby suppressing external magnetic fields and EMC noise.

[0051] As described above, when the road 102 has multiple lanes, external magnetic fields and EMC noise can be suppressed by setting the direction and amplitude of each current so that the difference between the sum of the AC currents flowing in the forward direction and the sum of the AC currents flowing in the reverse direction is approximately zero, regardless of the number of lanes on the road 102. Furthermore, the AC currents in two adjacent lanes may be in phase or out of phase with each other.

[0052] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a meandering primary conductor 1 on a road in an urban area in the mobile body power supply system shown in FIG.

[0053] For example, in an urban area, a substantially grid-shaped road 102 is arranged around a plurality of buildings 103, and a meandering primary conductor 1 is laid on the road 102, as shown in Fig. 6. That is, in this case, the primary conductor 1 has a shape that allows AC current to flow in a meandering pattern.

[0054] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the primary conductor 1 in the parking lot in the mobile body power supply system shown in FIG.

[0055] If the above-mentioned travel route includes one or more parking spaces for the vehicle 101 in a parking lot, for example, as shown in Fig. 7, the primary conductor 1 is laid in the parking lot 201 so as to run through multiple parking spaces 201A (for example, the center of each parking space 201A) in the direction of the parked vehicle (parked vehicle 101). This allows power to be supplied to the parked vehicle 101.

[0056] Next, the operation of the mobile body power supply system according to the first embodiment will be described.

[0057] Power distribution device 1A conducts an AC current through primary conductor 1 laid along a travel route (road 102, parking space 201A, etc.). A magnetic field and vector potential based on this AC current are generated around primary conductor 1 (on road 102, parking space 201A, etc.).

[0058] When the vehicle 101 is located above the primary conductor 1 (while moving or stopped), the AC current I(t) flowing through the primary conductor 1 generates a time-varying vector potential VP(t) at the installation position of the VP coil 2, and this time-varying vector potential VP(t) induces an AC current in the VP coil 2.

[0059] In the vehicle 101, the power supply device 6 converts AC power based on the AC current induced in the VP coil 2 into DC power and supplies the DC power to the motor 3, internal device 4, secondary battery unit 5, etc. Furthermore, during periods when sufficient power cannot be obtained from the VP coil 2 (such as when traveling through a section where the primary conductor 1 is not installed), the power supply device 6 supplies power obtained from the secondary battery unit 5 to the motor 3 and internal device 4.

[0060] As described above, according to the first embodiment, an AC current flows through the primary conductor 1, and the vehicle 101 serving as a mobile device is equipped with the VP coil 2, which senses, in a non-contact manner, a vector potential generated by the AC current flowing through the primary conductor 1 and conducts a current induced by that vector potential. Furthermore, the primary conductor 1 is part or all of a conductor that is continuously arranged along the road 102, parking space 201A, or the like that serves as the travel path of the mobile device, and the VP coil 2 continuously senses, in a non-contact manner, the vector potential and conducts a current when the vehicle 101 serving as a mobile device is located on the road 102, parking space 201A, or the like that serves as the travel path.

[0061] This eliminates the need to arrange a large number of primary coils for power supply at predetermined intervals, and by continuously laying the primary conductors 1 along the travel path, it becomes possible to continuously supply power even while traveling.Compared to when a large amount of power is supplied instantaneously using primary coils for power supply, the scale of the primary equipment is smaller, and power supply to a mobile device (here, vehicle 101) can be achieved at relatively low cost.

[0062] Furthermore, compared to when a large amount of power is supplied instantaneously using a primary coil for power supply, there is less change in the amplitude of the AC current conducted to the primary side, which reduces the radiation noise caused by power supply.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of vector potential coils 2 in a mobile body device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the arrangement of vector potential coils 2 in a mobile body device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0065] 8 or 9, in a vehicle 101 as a moving body device according to the second embodiment, the VP coil 2 is arranged on the chassis or body bottom 101A of the vehicle 101 (inside the body and above the body bottom 101A) together with the secondary battery unit 5. Since the secondary battery unit 5 used as a power source in the vehicle 101 (electric vehicle) is heavy, the secondary battery unit 5 is usually installed on the chassis or body bottom 101A of the vehicle 101.

[0066] In the second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, the VP coil 2 is arranged along the outer shape of the secondary battery unit 5 on at least the upper surface of the secondary battery unit 5. Here, the VP coil 2 is arranged on the upper surface and side surfaces of the secondary battery unit 5.

[0067] 9, the VP coil 2 may be arranged within the thickness of the case 122 of the electricity storage member 121 in the secondary battery unit 5. In this case, the case 122 includes a lower container 122A and a lid 122B, and is arranged within the thickness of one or both of the lower container 122A and the lid 122B.

[0068] In the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the VP coil 2 is arranged so that the coil axis (the winding center line of the VP coil 2) extends within a plane 1P perpendicular to the primary conductor 1.

[0069] The other configurations and operations of the mobile body device and the mobile body power supply system according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0070] As described above, according to the second embodiment, the VP coil 2 is placed on the chassis or body bottom 101A together with the relatively heavy secondary battery unit 5, so that the VP coil 2 is placed near the primary conductor 1. Furthermore, by installing the power supply device 6 on the secondary battery unit 5 together with the VP coil 2, the wiring between the VP coil 2 and the power supply device 6, and the wiring between the power supply device 6 and the secondary battery unit 5, is shortened.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] FIG. 10 is a side view showing an example of a mobile power supply system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the mobile power supply system according to the third embodiment, the mobile device is a locomotive or a train, the travel path is a track, and the primary conductor has a linear or curved shape according to the shape of the track. Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the primary conductor is an overhead line 301 such as a trolley wire, and the mobile device is a train 302. Note that, because power is supplied contactlessly, in the mobile power supply system according to the third embodiment, the primary conductor (overhead line 301) may be a covered conductor wire instead of a bare wire such as a trolley wire. Note that the train 302 has the same electrical configuration (FIG. 4) as the above-mentioned vehicle 101.

[0073] FIG. 11 is a front view showing an example of the installation position of vector potential coil 2 in embodiment 3.

[0074] 11, in this embodiment, the VP coil 2 is placed on the end wall 302B of the train 302. In this embodiment, the VP coil 2 is installed inside the end wall 302B, but the VP coil 2 may also be installed outside the end wall 302B.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the VP coil 2 is the same as in embodiment 1, and is a solenoid coil extending along a curved coil axis, as shown in Fig. 11, with the overhead wire 301 (primary conductor) positioned on the inside of the curve of the coil axis. The VP coil 2 is also positioned so that the coil axis (the winding center line of the VP coil 2) extends in a plane perpendicular to the overhead wire 301.

[0076] The shape of the coil axis is preferably an arc centered on the overhead wire 301 (i.e., the AC current passing through the overhead wire 301), and the VP coil 2 is preferably arranged so that the overhead wire 301 is located at the center of curvature of the coil axis. For this reason, the curvature (radius of curvature) of the coil axis may be set according to the installation height of the VP coil 2. Furthermore, the VP coil 2 is preferably arranged in a position close to the AC current (i.e., the overhead wire 301); for example, the VP coil 2 is arranged in a position 2 m or less or 1 m or less from the overhead wire 301.

[0077] Although a VP coil 2 with a curved coil axis is used here, one or more VP coils 2 (described later) with a straight coil axis may be used instead. In this case, the VP coil 2 may be placed on the outside or inside of the roof of the train 302.

[0078] In this embodiment, the body of the train 302 may be made up of magnetically shielding materials (roof, gable walls, side walls, etc. made of steel, stainless steel, etc.), and the VP coil 2 may be placed within such a body.

[0079] Other configurations and operations of the mobile body device and the mobile body power supply system according to the third embodiment are the same as those of the first or second embodiment, and therefore will not be described here. Here, the VP coil 2 is provided on the train 302, but the same is true for the locomotive.

[0080] As described above, according to the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is only necessary to continuously lay the primary conductor 1 along the track (a route laid such as a rail), and there is no need to arrange a large number of power supply coils on the primary side of the power supply, so that power supply to a mobile device (such as a train 302 in this case) can be realized at a relatively low cost.

[0081] Embodiment 4

[0082] FIG. 12 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2A in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 4.

[0083] In the fourth embodiment, as shown in Fig. 12, a ferromagnetic member 2A is disposed inside the VP coil 2. The ferromagnetic member 2A has a shape that follows the coil axis of the VP coil 2. The ferromagnetic member 2A is made of a conductive ferromagnetic material (e.g., a metallic magnetic material such as permalloy), and one coil end 2A1 of the ferromagnetic member 2A is electrically connected to one coil end of the VP coil 2. This allows two wires to be laid together, from the other coil end of the VP coil 2 and the other end of the ferromagnetic member 2A adjacent to the other coil end to the power supply device 6, simplifying the laying of the two wires.

[0084] Specifically, for example, the VP coil 2 is formed by winding a thin copper wire around a thick ferromagnetic wire serving as a ferromagnetic member 2A formed in an arc shape. As shown in FIG. 12, one end of this thin copper wire is electrically connected to the ferromagnetic member 2A (end 2A1), and the other end is connected to one terminal. The ferromagnetic member 2A also serves as a return path for the current and is connected to the other terminal. Note that a paramagnetic member of a similar shape may be used instead of the ferromagnetic member 2A. In the case of a ferromagnetic material, the vector potential is enhanced according to the effective magnetic permeability.

[0085] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the fourth embodiment are the same as those of any of the first to third embodiments, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0086] Embodiment 5.

[0087] FIG. 13 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2B in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 5.

[0088] 13, a ferromagnetic member 2B is disposed inside the VP coil 2. This ferromagnetic member 2B has a shape that follows the coil axis of the VP coil 2, and further extends outside the curve of the VP coil 2 (the coil axis portion of the VP coil 2) to form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0089] The ferromagnetic member 2B is a member made of a conductive ferromagnetic material (for example, a metal magnetic material such as permalloy), and one coil end of the VP coil 2 is electrically connected to the ferromagnetic member 2B at a connection point 2B1 on one coil end side of the VP coil 2.

[0090] In addition, the lead wire is electrically connected at connection point 2B2 on the other coil end side of the VP coil 2, and two wires can be laid together from the other coil end of the VP coil 2 and the lead wire to the power supply unit 6, making it easier to lay the two wires.

[0091] In addition, a gap 2B3 is formed in this ferromagnetic member 2B on the outside of the curve of the VP coil 2, and the gap 2B3 prevents current from flowing through the part of the ferromagnetic member 2B outside the curve of the VP coil 2.

[0092] Furthermore, the transition portion between the inner and outer portions of the ferromagnetic member 2B is preferably formed into a continuous, smooth curve without any sharp bends in order to reduce the effects of magnetic flux leakage and reduction in magnetic permeability due to bending.Furthermore, the ferromagnetic member 2B may be formed by connecting multiple members.

[0093] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0094] Embodiment 6

[0095] FIG. 14 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to embodiment 6.

[0096] 14, for example, the VP coil 2 includes an inner solenoid coil 2-1 and an outer solenoid coil 2-2 that have the same coil axis but different coil diameters, with one coil end of the inner solenoid coil 2-1 and one coil end of the outer solenoid coil 2-2 electrically connected. The inner solenoid coil 2-1 and the outer solenoid coil 2-2 each function as a single VP coil, and therefore the VP coil 2 of the sixth embodiment is electrically configured as two VP coils connected in series and in phase. The inner solenoid coil 2-1 and the outer solenoid coil 2-2 are wound and connected so that the vector potential and magnetic field generated by the inner solenoid coil 2-1 and the vector potential and magnetic field generated by the outer solenoid coil 2-2 are in the same direction.

[0097] Therefore, two wires can be laid together from the other coil end of the inner solenoid coil 2-1 and the other coil end of the outer solenoid coil 2-2 to the power supply device 6, which simplifies the laying of the two wires.

[0098] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the sixth embodiment are the same as those of any of the first to third embodiments, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0099] Embodiment 7

[0100] FIG. 15 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2C in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 7.

[0101] In the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the VP coil 2 includes an inner solenoid coil 2-1 and an outer solenoid coil 2-2 similar to those in the sixth embodiment. Furthermore, in the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, a ferromagnetic member 2C is disposed inside the VP coil 2 (inner solenoid coil 2-1). This ferromagnetic member 2C is similar to the ferromagnetic member 2A described above. However, the VP coil 2 and the ferromagnetic member 2C are not electrically connected, and the ferromagnetic member 2C does not have to be electrically conductive.

[0102] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the seventh embodiment are the same as those of the sixth embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0103] Embodiment 8

[0104] FIG. 16 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 and a ferromagnetic member 2D in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 8.

[0105] In the eighth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, the VP coil 2 includes an inner solenoid coil 2-1 and an outer solenoid coil 2-2 similar to those in the sixth and seventh embodiments. Furthermore, in the eighth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, a ferromagnetic member 2D is disposed inside the VP coil 2 (inner solenoid coil 2-1). This ferromagnetic member 2D has a shape that follows the coil axis of the VP coil 2 and extends outside the curvature of the VP coil 2 (the coil axis portion of the VP coil 2) to form a closed magnetic circuit. The VP coil 2 and the ferromagnetic member 2D are not electrically connected, and there is no need to provide a gap as described above. Furthermore, the ferromagnetic member 2D does not need to be electrically conductive.

[0106] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the eighth embodiment are the same as those of the seventh embodiment, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.

[0107] Embodiment 9

[0108] FIG. 17 is a front view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 in a moving body device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 9.

[0109] In the ninth embodiment, as shown in Fig. 17, for example, the VP coil 2 is wound along a linear coil axis, but is wound so that the inclination angles A0 to A5 of the winding direction (the angles between the coil axis direction and the winding direction) gradually change along the direction of the coil axis. Specifically, the inclination angle at the center of the VP coil 2 is 90 degrees, and the inclination angle decreases the further away from the center (A0>A1>A2>A3>A4>A5). This allows the above-mentioned vector potential to be sensed as efficiently as with a curved VP coil 2.

[0110] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the ninth embodiment are the same as those of any of the first to third embodiments, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0111] Embodiment 10

[0112] FIG. 18 is a top view showing an example of a vector potential coil 2 in a mobile device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to Embodiment 10.

[0113] In the tenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, for example, the VP coil 2 is wound around a linear coil axis. In this embodiment, a plurality of VP coils 2 are arranged, and these VP coils 2 are electrically connected in series or parallel. Also, (for example, as described below) the power supply device 6 may be provided with a plurality of AC / DC converter circuits for the plurality of VP coils 2, respectively, and the outputs of the plurality of AC / DC converter circuits may be connected in series or parallel, and the series or parallel outputs may supply power to a storage capacitor or the above-mentioned electronic device. In FIG. 18, four VP coils 2 are provided, but the number may be one to three, or five or more.

[0114] Here, each VP coil 2 is arranged so that its coil axis extends in a plane 1P perpendicular to the primary conductor (primary conductor 1, overhead line 301, etc.), and multiple VP coils 2 are arranged along the direction of the primary conductor. In other words, multiple VP coils 2 are arranged so that the coil axes of multiple VP coils 2 are contained in a single plane.

[0115] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the tenth embodiment are the same as those of any of the first to third embodiments, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0116] Embodiment 11

[0117] FIG. 19 is a circuit diagram illustrating a resonant circuit in a moving body device (such as the above-mentioned vehicle 101 or train 302) according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0118] 19, in a moving body device (such as a vehicle 101 or a train 302) according to the eleventh embodiment, capacitors C1 and C3 are connected in parallel to a VP coil 2. Note that the capacitors C1 and C3 are provided for each VP coil 2, and in FIG. 19, two capacitors C1 and C3 are connected to two VP coils 2, respectively.

[0119] The power supply device 6 shown in FIG. 19 also includes a full-wave rectifier circuit (a diode bridge of diodes D1-D4 and a diode bridge of diodes D5-D6) and smoothing capacitors C2 and C4 as AC / DC converter circuits 151 for each VP coil 2. The outputs of the full-wave rectifier circuits and smoothing capacitors C2 and C4 for the two VP coils 2 are connected in series to form the output of the power supply device 6. The output voltage of the power supply device 6 is applied to the secondary battery unit 5 and load Z (motor 3, internal device 4, etc.). While two VP coils 2 are shown here, one or three or more may be used. The more stages connected in series, the higher the voltage obtained. The outputs of these AC / DC converter circuits 151 may also be connected in parallel, which will result in a larger current. The full-wave rectifier circuit described above may also be an active FET bridge that operates at lower voltages.

[0120] Here, the results of a simulation of the output voltage will be described. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the results of a simulation of the output voltage of the power supply device 6 in embodiment 11. FIG. 20 shows the results of a simulation of the output voltage when the coupling coefficient between the primary conductor and the VP coil is 0.1, the self-inductance L00 (=μ0×Len / 8π) of the primary conductor (straight conductor) with length Len is 5μH, and the frequency of the AC current in the primary conductor is 1kHz. The dashed line in FIG. 20 indicates the time transition of the first-stage voltage (the voltage at the connection point between diodes D3, D4 and diodes D5, D6), and the solid line in FIG. 20 indicates the time transition of the output voltage of the power supply device 6 (i.e., the second-stage voltage). As shown in FIG. 20, it can be seen that a DC output voltage according to the number of stages can be obtained.

[0121] The other configurations and operations of the mobile device according to the eleventh embodiment are the same as those of any of the first to tenth embodiments, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted.

[0122] As described above, in the eleventh embodiment, a resonant circuit including the VP coil 2 is provided, which has the same resonant frequency as the frequency of the AC current in the primary conductor, and the AC current conducted to the VP coil 2 is increased.

[0123] It should be noted that various changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter and without diminishing its intended advantages. In other words, it is intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the claims.

[0124] For example, in the above embodiment, one or more VP coils 2 are arranged on one of the front and rear end walls of the train 302, but one or more VP coils 2 may also be arranged on both the front and rear end walls of the train 302.

[0125] In addition, in the above embodiment, the body of the mobile device may be made of aluminum or FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics), and if the body of the mobile device is FRP, the VP coil 2 may be built into the body so that the VP coil 2 is formed integrally with the body.

[0126] In the above embodiment, the VP coil 2 may be configured to sense a change in magnetic flux density due to an alternating current in the primary conductor and induce an alternating current.

[0127] In the above embodiment, the VP coil 2 is placed on the gable wall or roof, but it may be placed on the floor instead. For example, if the primary conductor is laid on the rail side, the VP coil 2 may be placed on the floor so that the primary conductor is positioned on the inside of the curve of the VP coil 2.

[0128] In addition, in the above-described sixth to eighth embodiments, the VP coil 2 has a two-layer structure consisting of an inner solenoid coil 2-1 and an outer solenoid coil 2-2 in the radial direction, but it may have four or more layers as long as the number of layers is even. In this case, solenoid coils 2-i are electrically connected in series in all layers, with one end of the solenoid coil 2-i connected to the solenoid coil 2-(i+1) in the next layer.

[0129] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the frequency of the AC current may be 50 Hz or 60 Hz, which is the same as that of the commercial power supply, or may be a frequency higher than that of the commercial power supply (for example, any one of 100 Hz to 1 kHz, or any one of 1 kHz to 10 kHz). When power distribution device 1A supplies AC current with a frequency higher than that of the commercial power supply, a power plant with that frequency may be added and AC power of that frequency may be supplied to power distribution device 1A, or frequency conversion may be performed on the AC power of the commercial power supply and AC power of that frequency may be supplied to power distribution device 1A.

[0130] In the above embodiment, the primary conductor may be located above or below the moving body device on the path of travel, or may be located to the side of the moving body device. The VP coil 2 is located on the moving body device so as to be close to the primary conductor depending on the location of the primary conductor. If the VP coil 2 has a curved coil axis, the VP coil 2 is located so that the primary conductor is located on the inner side of the curve.

[0131] In the above embodiments, the locomotives and electric trains 302 are various types of railway vehicles, and the locomotives and electric trains 302 include not only those that move on a set of rails, but also monorail vehicles, guide rail railway vehicles that run along guide rails on rubber-tired wheels on specific routes, and magnetic levitation railway vehicles.

[0132] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, one primary conductor 1 is laid for one travel path (such as a lane), but instead, multiple primary conductors 1 may be laid for one travel path (such as a lane). [Industrial Applicability]

[0133] The present invention is applicable to, for example, mobile devices such as electric automobiles. [Explanation of symbols]

[0134] 1 Primary conductor 2. Vector potential coil 2-1 Inner solenoid coil 2-2 Outer solenoid coil 2A,2B,2C,2D Ferromagnetic materials 5 Secondary battery unit 6 Power supply 101 Vehicle (an example of a mobile device) 102 Road (example of travel route) Lanes 111A, 111B, 112A, 112B (example of travel route) 122 cases 201A Parking Space 301 Overhead wire (an example of a primary conductor) 302 Train

Claims

1. a primary conductor through which an alternating current flows; a mobile device equipped with a vector potential coil that senses, in a non-contact manner, a vector potential generated by an AC current passing through the primary conductor, and conducts a current generated from a voltage difference due to the vector potential; the primary conductor is a part or all of a conductor that is continuously arranged along a moving path of the mobile device; the vector potential coil continuously senses the vector potential in a non-contact manner and conducts the current while the mobile device is on the movement path; A mobile power supply system characterized by the above.

2. the mobile device is a vehicle, the travel route is a road, the primary conductor has a linear or curved shape according to the shape of the road; 2. The mobile power supply system according to claim 1,

3. the road has a plurality of lanes; The primary conductors are arranged in parallel with each other on each of the plurality of lanes, the AC current flows through the primary conductors in the plurality of lanes in a forward direction or a reverse direction, respectively; At each time point, a difference between the sum of the AC currents flowing in the forward direction and the sum of the AC currents flowing in the reverse direction is approximately zero; 3. The mobile power supply system according to claim 2, wherein:

4. 3. The mobile power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the travel route includes one or more parking spaces for the vehicle in a parking lot.

5. 3. The mobile power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the primary conductor has a shape that allows the AC current to be conducted in a meandering pattern.

6. the mobile device is a locomotive or a train; the travel path is a track, the primary conductor has a linear or curved shape corresponding to the shape of the track; 2. The mobile power supply system according to claim 1,

7. In the mobile device, a vector potential coil that senses, in a non-contact manner, a vector potential generated by an alternating current that flows through a primary conductor, which is part or all of a conducting wire that is continuously arranged along the movement path of the mobile device, and conducts a current generated from a voltage difference due to the vector potential; the vector potential coil continuously senses the vector potential in a non-contact manner and conducts the current while the mobile device is on the movement path; A mobile device characterized by:

8. the mobile device is a vehicle, the travel route is a road, the primary conductor is buried in the road, the vector potential coil is disposed on the chassis or bottom of the body of the vehicle; 8. The mobile device according to claim 7, wherein:

9. the mobile device is a vehicle, the travel route is a road, the primary conductor is buried in the road, the vehicle includes a secondary battery unit; the secondary battery unit is disposed on the chassis or the bottom of the body of the vehicle; the vector potential coil is disposed on at least the upper surface of the secondary battery unit; 8. The mobile device according to claim 7, wherein:

10. the mobile device is a vehicle, the travel route is a road, the primary conductor is buried in the road, the vehicle includes a secondary battery unit; the secondary battery unit is disposed on the chassis or the bottom of the body of the vehicle; the vector potential coil is disposed within the wall thickness of the case of the secondary battery unit; 8. The mobile device according to claim 7, wherein:

11. the mobile device is made of a member having magnetic shielding properties, the vector potential coil is disposed within the mobile device; 8. The mobile device according to claim 7, wherein:

12. 8. The movable body device according to claim 7, wherein the vector potential coil is a solenoid coil that extends along a curved coil axis, and is arranged so that the primary conductor is located on the inside of the curve.

13. 13. The movable body device according to claim 12, further comprising a ferromagnetic member that is disposed inside the vector potential coil and has a shape that follows the coil axis of the vector potential coil.

14. 14. The movable body apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the ferromagnetic member extends outside the curve to form a closed magnetic circuit.

15. the vector potential coil comprises an inner solenoid coil and an outer solenoid coil having the same coil axis and different coil diameters, One coil end of the inner solenoid coil is electrically connected to one coil end of the outer solenoid coil; 8. The mobile device according to claim 7, wherein:

16. 16. The movable body apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising a ferromagnetic member disposed inside the inner solenoid coil and shaped along the coil axis.

17. 8. The movable body device according to claim 7, wherein the vector potential coil is wound along a linear coil axis, and is wound so that the inclination angle of the winding direction gradually changes along the direction of the coil axis.

18. 8. The mobile body device according to claim 7, further comprising a capacitor that forms a resonant circuit together with the vector potential coil.

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