Personal cleansing composition with low inorganic salt content and no sulfates.

Abstract

To provide a cleansing composition that exhibits good spreadability and good conditioning properties. [Solution] A personal cleansing composition is provided that includes an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic deposition polymer, an inorganic salt at a concentration of about 0% to about 1% by weight, and an aqueous carrier. The composition is substantially free of sulfate-containing surfactants. The composition maintains phase stability and minimizes coacervate formation even after dilution with water.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to a stable personal cleansing composition comprising a substantially sulfate-free anionic surfactant, an amphoteric or amphoteric surfactant, a cationic adhesive polymer, and a low concentration of an inorganic salt. [Background technology]

[0002] Most commercially available cleansing compositions, such as shampoo compositions, contain sulfate-based surfactants due to their effectiveness in providing high foam volume, good foam stability, and cleansing. However, some consumers may prefer shampoo compositions that are substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. In addition, users of sulfate-free shampoos prefer shampoos with higher conditioning properties because they perceive less stripping on the hair with higher conditioning shampoos. Conditioning shampoos based on sulfate-based surfactants typically contain cationic conditioning polymers that form coacervates with the sulfate-based surfactants during use. However, the use of non-sulfate surfactants in liquid shampoos can be challenging because it can be difficult to formulate compositions with acceptable foam volume, cleansing, conditioning effects, and stability. One common problem is that using certain cationic conditioning polymers in products that are substantially free of sulfate-containing surfactants can lead to instability. In particular, as a result of the interaction between cationic polymers and non-sulfate anionic surfactants, a second phase known as a surfactant-polymer coacervate may form in the composition (not the desired formation during use). This is observed by consumers as a cloudy product or a product with a precipitated layer, which is undesirable. The presence of coacervate in a cleansing composition can lead to separation during storage and inconsistent performance during use. Therefore, stable shampoo products containing anionic non-sulfate surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and cationic polymers need to be formulated so that a coacervate phase does not form in the product, but nevertheless, a coacervate is formed when diluted with water during use, such as while washing with the shampoo, providing the desired moist conditioning effect on the hair. Furthermore, a variety of these products need to be formulated without the use of rheological modifiers or thickeners.This need is even more important for low-viscosity products, such as foamed products supplied by mechanical formers like aerosol devices or pumps. The viscosity of such compositions can be significantly lower than that of typical liquid shampoos. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0003] Surprisingly, it was found that a stable product exhibiting good spreadability and good conditioning properties could be obtained. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] A cleansing composition comprising approximately 3% by weight and approximately 35% by weight of anionic surfactants, approximately 3% to approximately 15% by weight of amphoteric surfactants, approximately 0.01% to approximately 2% by weight of cationic polymers, approximately 0% to approximately 1.0% by weight of inorganic salts, and an aqueous carrier, substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants.

[0005] A cleansing composition comprising approximately 5% to 35% by weight of an anionic surfactant selected from amino acid-based surfactants, approximately 0.01% to 2% by weight of a cationic polymer, approximately 0% to 1.0% by weight of an inorganic salt, and an aqueous carrier, substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0006] This specification concludes with the "Claims," ​​which specifically point to and clearly assert the present invention, but this disclosure is thought to be better understood from the following description.

[0007] As used herein, the term “fluid” includes liquids and gels.

[0008] When used herein, articles such as "a" and "an" are understood to mean one or more of the claims or descriptions when used in the claims.

[0009] As used herein, “contains” means that other steps and other components may be added, provided they do not affect the final result. This term encompasses the terms “consist of” and “essentially consist of.”

[0010] As used herein, “mixture” means a simple combination of materials and any compound that can be obtained as a result from such combination.

[0011] As used herein, "molecular weight" or "M.Wt." refers to the weight-average molecular weight unless otherwise specified. Molecular weight is measured using gel permeation chromatography ("GPC"), the industry standard method. Molecular weight is expressed in units of g / moles.

[0012] When used herein, “cleansing composition” includes personal cleansing products such as shampoos, conditioners, conditioning shampoos, shower gels, liquid hand washes, facial cleansers, and other surfactant-based liquid compositions.

[0013] As used herein, the terms "include," "includes," and "including" are understood to mean "comprise," "comprises," and "comprising," respectively, in an unrestricted sense.

[0014] All percentages, parts, and ratios are based on the total weight of the composition of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All such weights, in the case of the presented components, are based on the concentration of the active ingredient and therefore do not include carriers or by-products that may be present in commercially available materials.

[0015] Unless otherwise indicated, all concentrations of components or compositions are with respect to the active portion of such components or compositions, and impurities that may be present in commercial sources of such components or compositions, such as residual solvents or by-products, are excluded.

[0016] All maximum numerical limitations given throughout this specification are to be understood as including all lower numerical limitations than such that, as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly recited herein. All minimum numerical limitations given throughout this specification are to be understood as including all higher numerical limitations than such that, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly recited herein. All numerical ranges given throughout this specification are to be understood as including all narrower numerical ranges subsumed within such broader numerical ranges as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly recited herein.

[0017] Cleansing composition Typically, inorganic salts are added to sulfate surfactant-based cleansing formulations to thicken the product. Surprisingly, it has been found that in the presence of cationic conditioning polymers, adding inorganic salts to formulations substantially free of sulfate-containing surfactants and / or using surfactants free of sulfate with a high content of inorganic salts can cause product instability due to the formation of a gel-like surfactant-polymer complex known as coacervate in the composition. By maintaining a low inorganic salt concentration (from about 0 wt% to about 1 wt%) in the formulation, the instability problem in sulfate-free formulations containing anionic surfactants and high molecular weight cationic polymers is solved. Examples of inorganic salts include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bromide, and combinations thereof. The solution is for avoiding or minimizing the addition of excess inorganic salts to the formulation and / or by using raw materials with a low content of inorganic salts. For example, commercially available surfactants free of sulfate, such as disodium cocoyl glutamate, typically come with a high concentration of inorganic salts, for example, 5% or more. Also, amphoteric surfactants such as betaine or sultaine typically come with a high concentration of inorganic salts, for example, NaCl. In a sulfate-free surfactant-based cleaning formulation, the use of these raw materials with a high salt content, where the total NaCl in the formulation is more than about 1%, may result in the formation of undesirable coacervates in the product. When the inorganic salt concentration decreases in the surfactant raw material and the total salt in the composition becomes less than about 1% or less, a stable one-phase product can be formulated. On the other hand, when standard materials with a high inorganic salt are used, the product is turbid, two-phase, and unstable. The turbid two-phase product is likely the result of a gel-like precipitate known as coacervate formed between an anionic surfactant and a high molecular weight cationic polymer. The solution described herein prevents the formation of undesirable coacervates in the product during storage (before use), and further, coacervates are formed as needed during use after dilution, providing the desired wet conditioning to the consumer.

[0018] To improve the wet conditioning and adhesion of various conditioning actives, especially those with small droplet diameters (i.e., 2 micrometers (μm) or less), it is important that coacervates form when the cleansing composition is diluted with water, rather than while it is in the bottle during storage. To form coacervates in a timely manner (during dilution in use), the inorganic salt concentration should be maintained at less than 1% in cleansing compositions containing substantially sulfate-free anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and cationic polymers.

[0019] The cleansing composition contains less than 1% by weight of an inorganic salt, or about 0% to about 0.9% by weight of an inorganic salt, or about 0% to about 0.8% by weight of an inorganic salt, or about 0% to about 0.5% by weight of an inorganic salt, or about 0% to about 0.2% by weight of an inorganic salt.

[0020] A. Surfactants The cleansing compositions described herein may contain one or more surfactants in the surfactant system. The one or more surfactants may not substantially contain sulfate surfactants. As can be understood, surfactants provide a cleansing effect on soiled objects such as hair, skin, and hair follicles by facilitating the removal of oil and other grime. Surfactants generally facilitate such cleansing due to their amphiphilic nature, thereby allowing the surfactants to decompose and form micelles around the oil and other grime, which can then be rinsed away, thereby removing them from the soiled object. Suitable surfactants in cleansing compositions may include an anionic moiety that enables the formation of coacervates having cationic polymers. Surfactants may be selected from anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0021] Cleansing compositions typically use sulfate-based surfactants (such as, but not limited to, sodium lauryl sulfate) due to their foaming properties, stability, transparency, and effectiveness in cleansing. The cleansing compositions described herein are substantially sulfate-free. As used herein, "substantially sulfate-free" means that the sulfate-free surfactant content is approximately 0% to approximately 3% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 2% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 1% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.5% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.25% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.1% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.05% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.01% by weight, or approximately 0% to approximately 0.001% by weight, and / or does not contain sulfate. As used herein, "does not contain" means 0% by weight.

[0022] Furthermore, the surfactant systems described herein contain about 0% to about 1% by weight of inorganic salts.

[0023] Suitable surfactants that are substantially sulfate-free include sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of isethionate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfonate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of ethersulfonate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfosuccinate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfoacetate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glycinate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sarcosinate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of glutamate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of alaninate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of carboxylate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of taurate; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of phosphate ester; and combinations thereof.

[0024] The concentration of surfactant in this composition must be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and foaming performance. The cleansing composition may contain total surfactant concentrations of about 6% to about 50% by weight, about 5% to about 35% by weight, about 10% to about 50% by weight, about 15% to about 45% by weight, about 20% to about 40% by weight, about 22% to about 35% by weight, and / or about 25% to about 30% by weight.

[0025] The surfactant system may contain one or more amino acid-based anionic surfactants. Non-limiting examples of amino acid-based anionic surfactants include sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylglycinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylsarcosinates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylglutamates; sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of acylalaninates; and combinations thereof.

[0026] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant may be glutamate, for example, acyl glutamate. The composition may contain acyl glutamate in concentrations of about 2% to about 22% by weight, about 3% to about 19% by weight, 4% to about 17% by weight, and / or about 5% to about 15% by weight.

[0027] Non-exclusive examples of acyl glutamates include sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, ammonium cocoyl glutamate, diammonium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, disodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium undecyl The following may be selected from the group consisting of lenoyl glutamate, dipotassium undecyllenoyl glutamate, disodium hydrogenated taro glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium stearoyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, disodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, dipotassium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl / hydrogenated taro glutamate, sodium cocoyl / palmoyl / sunfloweroyl glutamate, sodium hydrogenated taro glutamate, sodium oliboyl glutamate, disodium oliboyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, disodium palmoyl glutamate, TEA-cocoyl glutamate, TEA-hydrogenated taro glutamate, TEA-lauroyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0028] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant may be an alaninate, such as an acylalaninate. Non-limiting examples of acylalaninates include sodium cocoylalaninate, sodium lauroylalaninate, sodium N-dodecanoyl-l-alaninate, and combinations thereof. The composition may contain acylalaninate in concentrations of about 2% to about 20% by weight, about 7% to about 15% by weight, and / or about 8% to about 12% by weight.

[0029] Amino acid-based anionic surfactants may also be sarcosinates, such as acyl sarcosinates. Non-limiting examples of sarcosinates include sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, TEA-cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, dimer dilinoleyl bis-lauroyl glutamine / lauroyl sarcosinate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate lauroyl sarcosinate, isopropyl lauroyl sarcosinate, and potassium sarcosinate. The following may be selected from the group consisting of umcocoyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, TEA-cocoyl sarcosinate, TEA-lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA-oleoyl sarcosinate, TEA-palm kernel sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.

[0030] The amino acid-based anionic surfactant may be a glycinate, such as an acylglycinate. Non-limiting examples of acylglycinates include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0031] The composition may contain additional anionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of sulfosuccinates, isethionates, sulfonates, sulfoacetates, glucose carboxylates, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl taurates, and mixtures thereof.

[0032] Non-limiting examples of sulfosuccinate surfactants include disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, and combinations thereof. The composition may contain sulfosuccinates in concentrations of about 2% to about 22% by weight, about 3% to about 19% by weight, 4% to about 17% by weight, and / or about 5% to about 15% by weight.

[0033] Suitable isethionate surfactants include reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. Suitable fatty acids for isethionate surfactants may be derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil, such as methyl taurid amides. Non-limiting examples of isethionates may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium hydrogenated cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleyl methyl isethionate, sodium palm carneloyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0034] Non-limiting examples of sulfonates include alpha-olefin sulfonates, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, sodium lauryl glucoside hydroxypropyl sulfonates, and combinations thereof.

[0035] Non-limiting examples of sulfoacetates include sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, ammonium lauryl sulfoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0036] Non-limiting examples of glucose carboxylates include sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, sodium cocoyl glucoside carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0037] Non-limiting examples of alkyl ether carboxylates include sodium laureth-4 carboxylate, laureth-5 carboxylate, laureth-13 carboxylate, sodium C12-13 pareth-8 carboxylate, sodium C12-15 pareth-8 carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0038] Non-limiting examples of acyl taurates include sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, and combinations thereof.

[0039] The surfactant system may further contain one or more amphoteric surfactants, which may be selected from the group consisting of betaine, sultaine, hydroxysultan, amphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, alkyl amphoacetate, alkyl amphodiaacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0040] Examples of betaine amphoteric surfactants include cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), cocobetaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine (LAPB), oleyl betaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryldimethylalphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethyl betaine, stearylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyldimethylgamma-carboxypropyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfobetaines include cocodimethylsulfopropyl betaine, stearyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine, lauryldimethylsulfoethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof.

[0041] Non-limiting examples of alkyl amphoacetates include sodium cocoyl amphoacetate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0042] The amphoteric surfactant may include cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), lauramidopropyl betaine (LAPB), and combinations thereof.

[0043] The cleansing composition may contain amphoteric surfactants in concentrations of approximately 0.5% to 20% by weight, approximately 1% to 15% by weight, approximately 2% to 13% by weight, approximately 3% to 15% by weight, and / or approximately 5% to 10% by weight.

[0044] The surfactant system may have a weight ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant of approximately 1:5 to approximately 10:1, approximately 1:2 to approximately 7:1, approximately 1:1 to approximately 5:1, and / or approximately 2:1 to approximately 4:1. The surfactant system may also have a weight ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant that exceeds 1:1, exceeds 3:2, exceeds 9:5, and / or exceeds 2:1.

[0045] The surfactant system may further contain one or more nonionic surfactants, which may be selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglucosides, alkyl glycosides, acyl glucamides, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of alkyl glucosides include decyl glucosides, cocoyl glucosides, lauroyl glucosides, and combinations thereof.

[0046] Non-exclusive examples of acylglucamides include lauroyl / myristoyl methylglucamide, capryloyl / caproyl methylglucamide, lauroyl / myristoyl methylglucamide, cocoyl methylglucamide, and combinations thereof.

[0047] B. Cationic polymers The cleansing composition may contain a cationic polymer that enables the formation of coacervates. As can be understood, the cationic charge of the cationic polymer may interact with the anionic charge of the surfactant to form a coacervate. Suitable cationic polymers include (a) cationic guar polymers, (b) cationic non-guar-galactomannan polymers, (c) cationic starch polymers, (d) cationic copolymers of acrylamide monomers and cationic monomers, (e) synthetic non-crosslinked cationic polymers that may or may not form lyotropic liquid crystals when combined with a cleansing surfactant, and (f) cationic cellulose polymers. In certain examples, two or more cationic polymers may be included.

[0048] The cationic polymer may be present in the cleansing composition in an amount of about 0.05% to about 3% by weight, about 0.075% to about 2.0% by weight, or about 0.1% to about 1.0% by weight. The cationic polymer may have a cationic charge density of about 0.9 meq / g or more, about 1.2 meq / g or more, and about 1.5 meq / g or more. However, the cationic charge density may also be about 7 meq / g or less, or about 5 meq / g or less. The charge density can be measured at the pH of the intended use of the cleansing composition (e.g., pH about 3 to pH about 9, or pH about 4 to pH about 8). The average molecular weight of the cationic polymer may generally be about 10,000 to about 10,000,000, about 50,000 to about 5,000,000, about 100,000 to about 3,000,000, about 300,000 to about 3,000,000, and about 100,000 to about 2,500,000. Low molecular weight cationic polymers may also be used. Low molecular weight cationic polymers can have greater light transmission in the liquid carrier of the cleansing composition. The cationic polymer may be a single type, such as cationic guar polymer guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, having a weight-average molecular weight of about 2,500,000 g / mol or less, and the cleansing composition may have additional cationic polymers of the same or different types.

[0049] Cationic guar polymer The cationic polymer may also be a cationic guar polymer, which is a cationically substituted galactomannan (guar) gum derivative. A suitable guar gum for guar gum derivatives can be obtained as a naturally occurring material from the guar plant species. As can be understood, the guar molecule is a linear mannan in which single galactose units branch at regular intervals on alternately positioned mannose units. The mannose units are linked to each other by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. The galactose branching occurs by α(1-6) bonds. Cationic derivatives of guar gum can be obtained through a reaction between the hydroxyl group of polygalactomannan and a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. The degree of substitution of the cationic group on the guar structure can be sufficient to provide the required cationic charge density described above.

[0050] Cationic guar polymers can have a weight-average molecular weight ("M.Wt.") of less than approximately 3,000,000 g / mol and a charge density of approximately 0.05 meq / g to approximately 2.5 meq / g. Alternatively, cationic guar polymers can have a weight-average molecular weight of less than 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 150,000 to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 200,000 to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 300,000 to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol, or approximately 700,000,000 to approximately 1,500,000 g / mol. Cationic guar polymers can have charge densities of approximately 0.2 meq / g to approximately 2.2 meq / g, approximately 0.3 meq / g to approximately 2.0 meq / g, approximately 0.4 meq / g to approximately 1.8 meq / g, and approximately 0.5 meq / g to approximately 1.7 meq / g.

[0051] Cationic guar polymers can have a weight-average molecular weight of less than approximately 1,000,000 g / mol and a charge density of approximately 0.1 meq / g to approximately 2.5 meq / g. Cationic guar polymers can have weight-average molecular weights of less than 900,000 g / mol, approximately 150,000 to approximately 800,000 g / mol, approximately 200,000 to approximately 700,000 g / mol, approximately 300,000 to approximately 700,000 g / mol, approximately 400,000 to approximately 600,000 g / mol, approximately 150,000 to approximately 800,000 g / mol, approximately 200,000 to approximately 700,000 g / mol, approximately 300,000 to approximately 700,000 g / mol, and approximately 400,000 to approximately 600,000 g / mol. Cationic guar polymers have charge densities of approximately 0.2 meq / g to approximately 2.2 meq / g, approximately 0.3 meq / g to approximately 2.0 meq / g, approximately 0.4 meq / g to approximately 1.8 meq / g, and approximately 0.5 meq / g to approximately 1.5 meq / g.

[0052] The cleansing composition may contain cationic guar polymer in amounts of approximately 0.01% to less than approximately 0.7% by weight, approximately 0.04% to approximately 0.55% by weight, approximately 0.08% to approximately 0.5% by weight, approximately 0.16% to approximately 0.5% by weight, approximately 0.2% to approximately 0.5% by weight, approximately 0.3% to approximately 0.5% by weight, and approximately 0.4% to approximately 0.5% by weight of the cleansing composition.

[0053] Cationic guar polymers can be formed from quaternary ammonium compounds conforming to general formula II.

[0054] [ka] In the formula, R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 R is a methyl group or an ethyl group, 6 is an epoxyalkyl group of the following general formula III,

[0055] [ka] Or, R6 is either a halohydrin group of general formula IV,

[0056]

Chemical formula

[0057] A suitable cationic guar polymer can conform to the following general formula V,

[0058]

Chemical formula

[0059]

Chemical formula

[0060] Suitable cationic guar polymers also include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Suitable examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride include the Jaguar® series from Solvay SA, the Hi-Care series from Rhodia, and N-Hance and AquaCat from Ashland Inc., where Jaguar® C-500 has a charge density of 0.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of 500,000 g / mol, Jaguar Optima has a cationic charge density of approximately 1.25 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 500,000 g / mol, Jaguar® C-17 has a cationic charge density of approximately 0.6 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 2,200,000 g / mol, Jaguar® has a cationic charge density of approximately 0.8 meq / g, Hi-Care 1000 has a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 600,000 g / mol, and N-Hance N-Hance 3269 and N-Hance 3270 have a charge density of approximately 0.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 425,000 g / mol, N-Hance 3196 has a charge density of approximately 0.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 1,100,000 g / mol, and AquaCat CG518 has a charge density of approximately 0.9 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 50,000 g / mol. N-Hance BF-13 and N-Hance BF-17 are borate (boron)-free guar polymers. N-Hance BF-13 has a charge density of approximately 1.1 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000, and N-Hance BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000. BF-17 has a charge density of approximately 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of approximately 800,000.

[0061] Cationic non-guargalactomannan polymer The cationic polymer may also be a galactomannan polymer derivative. A suitable galactomannan polymer may have a mannose-to-galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis and may be a cationic galactomannan polymer derivative or an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge. As used herein, the term "cationic galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic groups have been added. The term "amphoteric galactomannan" refers to a galactomannan polymer to which cationic and anionic groups have been added such that the polymer has a net positive charge.

[0062] Galactomannan polymers can be found in the endosperm of leguminous plant seeds. Galactomannan polymers are composed of a combination of mannose monomers and galactose monomers. A galactomannan molecule is a linear mannan in which individual galactose units branch at regular intervals on a specific mannose unit. The mannose units are linked to each other by β(1-4) glycosidic bonds. Galactose branching occurs via α(1-6) bonds. The ratio of mannose monomer to galactose monomer varies depending on the plant species and may be influenced by climate. Non-guar galactomannan polymer derivatives can have a mannose-to-galactose ratio greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis. Preferred ratios of mannose to galactose may also be greater than 3:1 or greater than 4:1. Analysis of the mannose-to-galactose ratio is well known in the art and is typically based on the measurement of galactose content.

[0063] The gums used in the preparation of non-guar-galactomannan polymer derivatives can be obtained from natural materials such as plant seeds or beans. Examples of various non-guar-galactomannan polymers include tara gum (3 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), carob or locust (4 parts mannose / 1 part galactose), and cassia gum (5 parts mannose / 1 part galactose).

[0064] Non-guargalactomannan polymer derivatives can have molecular weights ranging from approximately 1,000 g / mol to approximately 10,000,000 g / mol, and from approximately 5,000 g / mol to approximately 3,000,000 g / mol.

[0065] The cleansing compositions described herein may include galactomannan polymer derivatives having a cationic charge density of about 0.5 meq / g to about 7 meq / g. The galactomannan polymer derivatives may have a cationic charge density of about 1 meq / g to about 5 meq / g. The degree of substitution of cationic groups to the galactomannan structure can be sufficient to provide the desired cationic charge density.

[0066] Galactomannan polymer derivatives may also be cationic derivatives of non-guar galactomannan polymers, which are obtained by the reaction of a hydroxyl group of a polygalactomannan polymer with a reactive quaternary ammonium compound. Suitable quaternary ammonium compounds for use in forming cationic galactomannan polymer derivatives include those conforming to the general formulas II to VI defined above.

[0067] The cationic non-guargalactomannan polymer derivative formed from the above reagents can be represented by general formula VII.

[0068] [ka] In the formula, R is gum. The cationic galactomannan derivative may also be gum hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which can be more specifically represented by the following general formula VIII.

[0069] [ka]

[0070] The galactomannan polymer derivative may be an amphoteric galactomannan polymer derivative having a net positive charge, which can be obtained when the cationic galactomannan polymer derivative further contains an anionic group.

[0071] Cationic non-guargalactomannan can have a mannose-to-galactose ratio greater than approximately 4:1, a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 g / mol to approximately 500,000 g / mol, a molecular weight of approximately 50,000 g / mol to approximately 400,000 g / mol, a cationic charge density of approximately 1 meq / g to approximately 5 meq / g, and a cationic charge density of approximately 2 meq / g to approximately 4 meq / g.

[0072] The cleansing composition may contain at least about 0.05% by weight of a galactomannan polymer derivative. The cleansing composition may contain about 0.05% to about 2% by weight of a galactomannan polymer derivative.

[0073] Cationic starch polymer Suitable cationic polymers may also be water-soluble cationic-modified starch polymers. As used herein, the term “cationically modified starch” refers to starch to which cationic groups have been added before it is broken down to a smaller molecular weight, or to starch to which cationic groups have been added after modification to reach a desired molecular weight. The definition of “cationically modified starch” also includes amphoteric modified starch. The term “amphoteric modified starch” refers to starch hydrolysates to which cationic and anionic groups have been added.

[0074] The cleansing compositions described herein may contain a cationic modified starch polymer in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, and / or from about 0.05% to about 5% by weight, of the composition.

[0075] The cation-modified starch polymer disclosed in this invention has a bonded nitrogen percentage of about 0.5% to about 4%.

[0076] Cationically modified starch polymers can have molecular weights ranging from approximately 850,000 g / mol to approximately 15,000,000 g / mol, and from approximately 900,000 g / mol to approximately 5,000,000 g / mol.

[0077] Cationic starch polymers can have charge densities of approximately 0.2 meq / g to approximately 5 meq / g and approximately 0.2 meq / g to approximately 2 meq / g. Chemical modification to obtain such charge densities includes the addition of amino and / or ammonium groups to starch molecules. Non-limiting examples of such ammonium groups include substituents such as hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, trimethylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, dimethylstearylhydroxypropylammonium chloride, and dimethyldodecylhydroxypropylammonium chloride. Further details are described in Solarek, DB, Cationic Starches in Modified Starches: Properties and Uses, Wurzburg, OB, Ed., CRC Press, Inc. (Boca Raton, Fla.), 1986, pp 113-125, which is incorporated herein by reference. The cationic group may be added to the starch before it is broken down to a smaller molecular weight, or it may be added after such modification.

[0078] Cationically modified starch polymers can have a degree of substitution of cationic groups of about 0.2 to about 2.5. As used herein, the “degree of substitution” of a cationically modified starch polymer is the average number of hydroxyl groups on each anhydrous glucose unit derivatized by the substituent. Each anhydrous glucose unit has three possible hydroxyl groups available for substitution, and the maximum possible degree of substitution is 3. The degree of substitution is expressed on a molar basis as the number of moles of substituents per mole of anhydrous glucose unit. The degree of substitution is measured by the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (" 1 This can be determined using the 1HNMR method. 1Examples of 1H NMR methods include those described in "Observation on NMR Spectra of Starches in Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Iodine-Complexing, and Solvatingin Water-Dimethyl Sulfoxide," Qin-Ji Peng and Arthur S. Perlin, Carbohydrate Research, 160 (1987), 57-72; and "An Approach to the Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy," J. Howard Bradbury and J. Grant Collins, Carbohydrate Research, 71 (1979), 15-25.

[0079] The starch source before chemical modification may be selected from a variety of sources, such as tubers, legumes, cereals, and grains. For example, starch sources include corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, waxy corn starch, oat starch, cassava starch, glutinous barley, waxy rice starch, glutenous rice starch, sweet rice starch, amioca, potato starch, tapioca starch, oat starch, sago starch, glutinous rice, or mixtures thereof. Suitable cationic modified starch polymers may be selected from decomposed cationic corn starch, cationic tapioca, cationic potato starch, and mixtures thereof. Cationic modified starch polymers include cationic corn starch and cationic tapioca.

[0080] Starch may undergo one or more additional modifications before or after being broken down to a smaller molecular weight. For example, these modifications may include crosslinking, stabilization reactions, phosphorylation reactions, and hydrolysis. Examples of stabilization reactions include alkylation and esterification.

[0081] Cationically modified starch polymers may be included in the cleansing composition in the form of hydrolyzed starch (e.g., acid, enzyme, or alkaline decomposition), oxidized starch (e.g., peroxide, peracid, hypochlorite, alkali, or any other oxidizing agent), physically / mechanically decomposed starch (e.g., by thermomechanical energy input of a processing device), or a combination thereof.

[0082] Starch is readily soluble in water and can form a substantially translucent solution in water. The transmittance of the composition is measured by ultraviolet-visible (UV / VIS) absorbance spectroscopy. This method uses a Gretag Macbeth Colorimeter Color to measure the absorption or transmittance of UV / VIS light from the sample. A light wavelength of 600 nanometers (nm) has been shown to be suitable for characterizing the transparency of the cleansing composition.

[0083] Cationic copolymer of acrylamide monomer and cationic monomer The cleansing composition may contain a cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, the copolymer having a charge density of about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g. The cationic copolymer may also be a synthetic cationic copolymer of an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer.

[0084] Suitable cationic polymers may include the following: (i) The acrylamide monomer of formula IX below

[0085] [ka] In the formula, R 9 is H, or C 1~4 It is alkyl, R 10 and R 11 H and C are independent of each other. 1~4 Selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CH2OCH3, CH2OCH2CH(CH3)2, and phenyl, or both C3~6 It forms a cycloalkyl group. (ii) Cationic monomers that conform to formula X

[0086] [ka] In the formula, k is 1, v, v', and v'' are each independent integers from 1 to 6, w is 0, or an integer from 1 to 10, X - It is an anion.

[0087] A cationic monomer can fit into formula X, where k=1, v=3, w=0, z=1, and X - Cl - This forms the following structure (formula XI).

[0088] [ka]

[0089] To make it easier to understand, the above structure is sometimes referred to as a diquat.

[0090] A cationic monomer can fit into formula X, where v and v'' are 3, v'=1, w=1, y=1, and X - is Cl - This forms the structure of equation XII below.

[0091] [ka]

[0092] The structure of formula XII is sometimes referred to as a triquat.

[0093] The acrylamide monomer may be either acrylamide or methacrylamide.

[0094] The cationic copolymer may be AM:TRIQUAT, which is a copolymer of acrylamide and 1,3-propanediaminium,N-[2-[[[dimethyl[3-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]propyl]ammonio]acetyl]amino]ethyl]2-hydroxy-N,N,N',N',N'-pentamethyl-trichloride. AM:TRIQUAT is also known as polyquaternium-76 (PQ76). AM:TRIQUAT can have a charge density of 1.6 meq / g and a molecular weight of 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0095] The cationic copolymer may contain an acrylamide monomer and a cationic monomer, the cationic monomer being selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide; ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0096] Examples of cationic copolymers include cationic monomers selected from the group consisting of trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

[0097] Cationic copolymers can be formed from (1) a copolymer of (meth)acrylamide and a cationic monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide, and / or a cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis, and (2) a terpolymer of (meth)acrylamide, a monomer mainly composed of a cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester, and a monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide, and / or a cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis. The monomer mainly composed of a cationic (meth)acrylic acid ester may be a cationic ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom. The cationic ester of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom may be a dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate that has been quaternized at C1-C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups. Cationic esters of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom can be selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts of dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, all of which are quaternized with methyl chloride. Cationic esters of (meth)acrylic acid containing a quaternary nitrogen atom may also be dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (ADAME-Quat) quaternized with alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate. When the cationic monomer is mainly (meth)acrylamide, it is dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide quaternized at C1-C3 in the alkyl and alkylene groups, or dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide quaternized with alkyl halide, or with methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0098] The cationic monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide may be a dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide quaternized with an alkyl group and C1-C3 within the alkylene group. The cationic monomer mainly composed of (meth)acrylamide may be a dimethylaminopropylacrylamide quaternized with an alkyl halide, particularly methyl chloride, benzyl chloride, or dimethyl sulfate.

[0099] The cationic monomer may be a cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis. Besides dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide, the cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis may be any monomer that can be considered stable against the OECD hydrolysis test. The cationic monomer can be stable against hydrolysis, and the cationic monomer that is stable against hydrolysis may be selected from the group consisting of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and water-soluble cationic styrene derivatives.

[0100] The cationic copolymer may be a terpolymer of acrylamide, 2-dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate (ADAME-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride, and 3-dimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide (DIMAPA-Q) quaternized with methyl chloride. The cationic copolymer can be formed from acrylamide and acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, which has a charge density of about 1.0 meq / g to about 3.0 meq / g.

[0101] Cationic copolymers can have charge densities of approximately 1.1 meq / g to approximately 2.5 meq / g, approximately 1.1 meq / g to approximately 2.3 meq / g, approximately 1.2 meq / g to approximately 2.2 meq / g, approximately 1.2 meq / g to approximately 2.1 meq / g, approximately 1.3 meq / g to approximately 2.0 meq / g, and approximately 1.3 meq / g to approximately 1.9 meq / g.

[0102] Cationic copolymers can have molecular weights ranging from approximately 100,000 g / mol to approximately 2,000,000 g / mol, approximately 300,000 g / mol to approximately 1,800,000 g / mol, approximately 500,000 g / mol to approximately 1,600,000 g / mol, approximately 700,000 g / mol to approximately 1,400,000 g / mol, and approximately 900,000 g / mol to approximately 1,200,000 g / mol.

[0103] The cationic copolymer may be trimethylammoniopropylmethacrylamide chloride-N-acrylamide copolymer, also known as AM:MAPTAC. AM:MAPTAC can have a charge density of about 1.3 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 1,100,000 g / mol. The cationic copolymer may also be AM:ATPAC. AM:MAPTAC can have a charge density of about 1.8 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0104] Synthetic polymers Cationic polymers are i) One or more cationic monomer units, and optionally, ii) One or more monomer units having a negative charge, and / or iii) A synthetic polymer formed from a nonionic monomer. Here, the resulting copolymer has a positive charge. The ratio of these three monomers is represented by "m", "p", and "q", where "m" is the number of cationic monomers, "p" is the number of negatively charged monomers, and "q" is the number of nonionic monomers.

[0105] The cationic polymer may be a water-soluble or dispersible, non-crosslinked synthetic cationic polymer having the structure of formula XIII.

[0106] [ka] In the formula, A may be one or more of the following cationic moieties:

[0107] [ka] In the formula, @ is an amide, alkylamide, ester, ether, alkyl, or alkylaryl. Y is a C1-C22 alkyl, alkoxy, alkylidene, alkyl, or aryloxy. Ψ is an alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylaryl, or alkylaryloxy molecule with a C1-C22 range. Z is a C1-C22 alkyl, alkyloxy, aryl, or aryloxy, and R1 is H, a C1-C4 linear or branched alkyl. s is 0 or 1, and n is 0 or ≥ 1. T and R7 are C1-C22 alkyl groups. X - These are halogens, hydroxides, alkoxides, sulfates, or alkyl sulfates.

[0108] In the above structure, a negatively charged monomer is defined by the fact that R2' is a linear or branched alkyl group of H, C1-C4, and R3 is as follows:

[0109] [ka] In the formula, D is O, N, or S. Q is either NH2 or O. u is 1 to 6, t is between 0 and 1. J is an oxygenated functional group containing the elements P, S, and C.

[0110] In the above structure, the nonionic monomer is defined by the fact that R2'' is a linear or branched alkyl group of H, C1-C4, R6 is a linear or branched alkyl group, alkylaryl group, aryloxy group, alkyloxy group, or alkylaryloxy group, and β is defined as follows:

[0111] [ka] In the formula, G' and G'' are independently O, S, or NH, and L is either 0 or 1.

[0112] Suitable monomers include aminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, (meth)aminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides; monomers containing at least one secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine functional group, or a heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom, vinylamine, or ethyleneimine; diallyldialkylammonium salts; mixtures thereof, salts thereof, and macromonomers derived therefrom.

[0113] Further examples of suitable cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, ditertthiobutylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, dimethylaminomethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, ethyleneimine, vinylamine, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0114] A suitable cationic monomer is formula -NR3 +(In the formula, each R may be the same or different, and may be a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, and may optionally have a hydroxyl group and contain an anion (counterion)) a quaternary monomer. Examples of suitable anions include halides such as chlorides and bromides, sulfates, hydrosulfates, alkyl sulfates (e.g., containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms), phosphates, citrates, formates, and acetates.

[0115] Suitable cationic monomers include trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate methyl sulfate, dimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylate benzyl chloride, 4-benzoylbenzyldimethylammonium ethyl acrylate chloride, trimethylammonium ethyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride, and vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride. A further suitable cationic monomer is trimethylammonium propyl (meth)acrylamide chloride.

[0116] Examples of negatively charged monomers include alpha-ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing a phosphate or phosphonate group, alpha-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoalkyl esters of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, alpha-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group, and salts of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing a sulfonic acid group.

[0117] Suitable monomers having a negative charge include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, salts of vinyl sulfonic acid, vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, salts of vinylbenzenesulfonic acid, alpha-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, salts of alpha-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, salts of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), salts of acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and styrene sulfonate (SS).

[0118] Examples of nonionic monomers include vinyl acetate, amides of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with hydrogenated or fluorinated alcohols, polyethylene oxide (meth)acrylate (i.e., polyethoxylated (meth)acrylic acid), monoalkyl esters of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, monoalkylamides of alpha-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, vinyl nitriles, vinylamine amides, vinyl alcohols, vinylpyrrolidone, and vinyl aromatic compounds.

[0119] Suitable nonionic monomers also include styrene, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

[0120] Anionic counterions (X) that bind to synthetic cationic polymers. -The counterion may be any known counterion, provided that the polymer remains soluble or dispersible in water, the cleansing composition, or the coacervate phase of the cleansing composition, and that the counterion is physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the cleansing composition, or does not significantly impair the performance, stability, or aesthetics of the product. Non-limiting examples of suitable counterions include halides (e.g., chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), sulfates, and methyl sulfates.

[0121] The cationic polymers described herein may help repair damaged hair, particularly chemically treated hair, by providing a substitute hydrophobic F layer. This microscopically thin F layer helps retain moisture and prevent further damage while providing natural weather resistance. Chemical treatment damages the hair cuticle, causing the protective F layer to detach. As the F layer detaches, the hair becomes more hydrophilic. It has been observed that applying lyotropic liquid crystals to chemically treated hair makes it even more hydrophobic, resulting in an appearance and feel similar to untreated hair. While not bound by any particular theory, it is believed that lyotropic liquid crystal complexes form a hydrophobic layer or film that coats and protects the hair fibers, similar to how the natural F layer protects hair. The hydrophobic layer can restore hair to a healthier state, generally similar to untreated hair. Lyotropic liquid crystals are formed by combining the synthetic cationic polymers described herein with the aforementioned anionic cleansing surfactant components of a cleansing composition. The charge density of the synthetic cationic polymers is relatively high. It should be noted that some synthetic polymers with relatively high cationic charge densities do not form lyotropic liquid crystals, primarily due to their unusually linear charge density. Such synthetic cationic polymers are described in International Application No. 94 / 06403 and are incorporated by reference. The synthetic polymers described herein can be incorporated into stable cleansing compositions that improve conditioning performance in damaged hair.

[0122] Cationic synthetic polymers capable of forming lyotropic liquid crystals have cationic charge densities of approximately 2 meq / gm to approximately 7 meq / gm, and / or approximately 3 meq / gm to approximately 7 meq / gm, and / or approximately 4 meq / gm to approximately 7 meq / gm. The cationic charge density is approximately 6.2 meq / gm. These polymers also have molecular weights of approximately 1,000 to approximately 5,000,000, and / or approximately 10,000 to approximately 2,000,000, and / or approximately 100,000 to approximately 2,000,000.

[0123] Cationic synthetic polymers that provide enhanced conditioning and adhesion properties for beneficial agents but do not necessarily form lyotropic liquid crystals can have cationic charge densities of about 0.7 meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm, and / or about 0.8 meq / gm to about 5 meq / gm, and / or about 1.0 meq / gm to about 3 meq / gm. The polymers also have molecular weights of about 1,000 g / mol to about 5,000,000 g / mol, about 10,000 g / mol to about 2,000,000 g / mol, and about 100,000 g / mol to about 2,000,000 g / mol.

[0124] Cationic cellulose polymer Suitable cationic polymers may also be cellulose polymers. Examples of suitable cellulose polymers include salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with trimethylammonium substituted epoxides, known in the CTFA as polyquaternium-10, and available from Dwo / Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) as Polymer LR, JR, and KG series polymers. Other suitable cationic celluloses include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxides, known in the CTFA as polyquaternium-24. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trademark name Polymer LM-200. Other suitable cationic celluloses include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with lauryldimethylammonium substituted epoxides and trimethylammonium substituted epoxides, known in the CTFA as polyquaternium-67. These materials are available from Dow / Amerchol Corp. under the trade names SoftCAT Polymer SL-5, SoftCAT Polymer SL-30, Polymer SL-60, Polymer SL-100, Polymer SK-L, Polymer SK-M, Polymer SK-MH, and Polymer SK-H.

[0125] Further cationic polymers are also listed in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC) (1982)), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0126] Techniques for analyzing the formation of complex coacervates are known in the art. For example, microscopic analysis of the composition at any selected dilution stage can be used to determine whether a coacervate phase has formed. Such a coacervate phase can be identified as an additional emulsion phase in the composition. Dyes can be used to help distinguish the coacervate phase from other insoluble phases dispersed in the composition. Further details regarding the use of cationic polymers and coacervates are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 9,272,164, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0127] C. Liquid Carriers To make it clear, the cleansing composition may preferably be in the form of a liquid that can be injected under ambient conditions. Including an appropriate amount of liquid carrier can facilitate the formation of a cleansing composition having a suitable viscosity and rheology. The cleansing composition may contain about 20% to about 95% by weight of liquid carrier, or about 60% to about 85% by weight of liquid carrier. The liquid carrier may be an aqueous carrier such as water.

[0128] D. Optional components To the extent that it can be understood, the cleansing compositions described herein may contain various optional components to adjust the properties and characteristics of the compositions. To the extent that it can be understood, suitable optional components are well known and may generally contain any components that are physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the cleansing compositions described herein. The optional components must not otherwise excessively impair the product stability, aesthetics, or performance. The individual concentrations of the optional components may generally range from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the cleansing composition. The optional components can be further limited to components that do not impair the transparency of the translucent cleansing composition.

[0129] Suitable optional components that may be included in the cleansing composition include co-surfactants, deposition aids, conditioning agents (such as hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic esters, and silicones), anti-dandruff agents, suspending agents, viscosity modifiers, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water-soluble and water-insoluble), pearlescent agents, foaming agents, lice killers, pH adjusters, fragrances, preservatives, chelating agents, proteins, skin surfactants, sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, 10th edition (published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc. (Washington, DC)) (2004) (hereinafter referred to as "CTFA") describes a variety of non-limiting materials that may be added to the compositions herein.

[0130] Conditioning agent The cleansing composition may contain a silicone conditioning agent. Suitable silicone conditioning agents may include volatile silicones, non-volatile silicones, or combinations thereof. If a silicone conditioning agent is included, it may be present in the composition in amounts of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, about 0.1% to about 8% by weight, about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, and / or about 0.2% to about 3% by weight. Examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents and optional suspensions for silicones are described in U.S. Reissue Patent No. 34,584, U.S. Patent No. 5,104,646, and U.S. Patent No. 5,106,609, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable silicone conditioning agents can have viscosities of approximately 20 to 2,000,000 centistokes ("csk"), approximately 1,000 to 1,800,000 csk, approximately 50,000 to 1,500,000 csk, and approximately 100,000 to 1,500,000 csk when measured at 25°C.

[0131] The dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles can have a volume-average particle size in the range of approximately 0.01 μm to approximately 50 μm. When small particles are applied to the hair, the volume-average particle size may be in the range of approximately 0.01 μm to approximately 4 μm, approximately 0.01 μm to approximately 2 μm, or approximately 0.01 μm to approximately 0.5 μm. When large particles are applied to the hair, the volume-average particle size is typically in the range of approximately 5 μm to approximately 125 μm, approximately 10 μm to approximately 90 μm, approximately 15 μm to approximately 70 μm, and / or approximately 20 μm to approximately 50 μm.

[0132] Further information on silicones, including sections discussing silicone fluids, rubbers, and resins, as well as the manufacture of silicones, can be found in the Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, vol. 15, 2d ed., pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1989), which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0133] Suitable silicone emulsions for the cleansing compositions described herein include emulsions of insoluble polysiloxanes prepared in accordance with the description in U.S. Patent No. 4,476,282 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007 / 0276087. Each of these patent documents is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable insoluble polysiloxanes include polysiloxanes having a molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 to about 500,000 g / mol, such as α,ω-hydroxy-terminated polysiloxanes or α,ω-alkoxy-terminated polysiloxanes. The average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane may be in the range of about 50,000 to about 500,000 g / mol. For example, the average molecular weight of the insoluble polysiloxane may be in the range of approximately 60,000 to approximately 400,000, approximately 75,000 to approximately 300,000, approximately 100,000 to approximately 200,000, or the average molecular weight may be approximately 150,000 g / mol. The insoluble polysiloxane may have an average particle size in the range of approximately 30 nm to approximately 10 μm. The average particle size may be in the range of approximately 40 nm to approximately 5 μm, approximately 50 nm to approximately 1 μm, approximately 75 nm to approximately 500 nm, or approximately 100 nm.

[0134] Other types of silicones suitable for the cleansing compositions described herein include: i) silicone fluids (such as silicone oils) which are fluid materials having a viscosity of less than about 1,000,000 csk when measured at 25°C; ii) aminosilicones containing at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine; iii) cationic silicones containing at least one quaternary ammonium functional group; iv) silicone rubbers (including materials having a viscosity of 1,000,000 csk or more when measured at 25°C); v) silicone resins containing highly crosslinked polymer siloxanes; vi) high refractive index silicones having a refractive index of at least 1.46; and vii) mixtures thereof.

[0135] Alternatively, the cleansing composition may be substantially silicone-free. As used herein, substantially silicone-free means about 0 to about 0.2% by weight.

[0136] Organic conditioning materials The conditioning agents of the cleansing compositions described herein may further include at least one organic conditioning material, such as an oil or wax, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents such as the silicones described above. The organic material may be a nonpolymer, oligomer, or polymer. The organic material may be in the form of an oil or wax and may be added to the cleansing formulation as is or in a pre-emulsified form. Suitable examples of organic conditioning materials include polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000, such as i) hydrocarbon oils, ii) polyolefins, iii) aliphatic esters, iv) fluorinated conditioning compounds, v) aliphatic alcohols, vi) alkyl glucosides and alkyl glucoside derivatives, vii) quaternary ammonium compounds, viiii) polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to about 2,000,000, such as those with CTFA names PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, PEG-2M, PEG-7M, PEG-14M, PEG-45M, and mixtures thereof.

[0137] emulsifier Various anionic and nonionic emulsifiers can be used in the cleansing compositions of the present invention. Anionic and nonionic emulsifiers may be essentially monomers or polymers. Examples of monomers include, but are not limited to, alkyl ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates, soaps, and aliphatic esters, and their derivatives. Examples of polymers include, but are not limited to, polyacrylates, polyethylene glycols, and block copolymers, and their derivatives. Natural emulsifiers such as lanolin, lecithin, and lignin, and their derivatives, are also non-limiting examples of useful emulsifiers.

[0138] Chelating agents The cleansing composition may also contain a chelating agent. Suitable chelating agents are those described in AE Martell & R M Smith, Critical Stability Constants, Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York & London (1974) and AE Martell & R D Hancock, Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution, Plenum Press, New York & London (1996), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. With respect to chelating agents, the term “salts and derivatives thereof” means salts and derivatives that contain the same functional structure (e.g., the same chemical backbone) as the chelating agents referenced in the above literature and have similar or superior chelating properties. This term includes alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, substituted ammonium salts (i.e., monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium) salts, esters of chelating agents having an acidic moiety, and mixtures thereof, in particular all sodium, potassium, or ammonium salts. The term “derivative” includes “chelating surfactant” compounds such as the compounds exemplified in U.S. Patent No. 5,284,972, and large molecules containing one or more chelating groups having the same functional structure as the parent chelating agent, such as the polymer EDDS (ethylenediamine disuccinic acid) disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,747,440. U.S. Patents No. 5,284,972 and 5,747,440 are incorporated herein by reference, respectively. Preferred chelating agents may further contain histidine.

[0139] The concentration of the EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent in the cleansing composition may be low. For example, the EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent may be included at about 0.01% by weight. If it exceeds about 10% by weight, formulation and / or human safety concerns may arise. The concentration of the EDDS chelating agent or histidine chelating agent may be at least about 0.01% by weight, at least about 0.05% by weight, at least about 0.1% by weight, at least about 0.25% by weight, at least about 0.5% by weight, at least about 1% by weight, or at least about 2% by weight, based on the weight of the cleansing composition.

[0140] Gel Network The cleansing composition may contain an aliphatic alcohol gel network. The gel network is formed by combining an aliphatic alcohol and a surfactant in ratios of about 1:1 to about 40:1, about 2:1 to about 20:1, and / or about 3:1 to about 10:1. The formation of the gel network involves heating an aqueous dispersion of an aliphatic alcohol together with a surfactant to a temperature above the melting point of the aliphatic alcohol. During this mixing process, the aliphatic alcohol melts and distributes the surfactant into droplets of the aliphatic alcohol. The surfactant carries water into the aliphatic alcohol along with the surfactant. This transforms the isotropic aliphatic alcohol droplets into liquid crystal phase droplets. When this mixture is cooled to a temperature below the chain melting point, the liquid crystal phase is converted into a solid crystalline gel network. The gel network can provide many effects to the cleansing composition. For example, the gel network can provide a stabilizing effect to cosmetic creams and hair conditioners. Furthermore, the gel network can provide a conditioned texture effect to hair conditioners and shampoos.

[0141] Aliphatic alcohols may be present in the gel network at a concentration of about 0.05% to about 14% by weight. For example, the aliphatic alcohols may be present in amounts ranging from about 1% to about 10% by weight and / or from about 6% to about 8% by weight.

[0142] Suitable aliphatic alcohols include those having about 10 to about 40 carbon atoms, about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, and / or about 16 to about 18 carbon atoms. These aliphatic alcohols may be straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols, and may be saturated or unsaturated. Non-limiting examples of aliphatic alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. A mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol in a ratio of about 20:80 to about 80:20 is preferred.

[0143] A gel network can be prepared by placing water in a container. The water can then be heated to approximately 74°C. Cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and a surfactant can then be added to the heated water. After mixing, the resulting mixture can be passed through a heat exchanger and cooled to approximately 35°C. Upon cooling, the aliphatic alcohol and surfactant crystallize to form a crystalline gel network. Table 1 shows the components and their respective amounts for an example gel network composition.

[0144] To prepare the gel network premix shown in Table 1, water is heated to approximately 74°C, and the amounts of aliphatic alcohol and gel network surfactant shown in Table 1 are added to it. After mixing, the mixture is passed through a mill and heat exchanger and cooled to approximately 32°C. As a result of this cooling process, the aliphatic alcohol, gel network surfactant, and water form a crystalline gel network.

[0145] [Table 1] 1 In the case of anionic gel networks, the preferred gel network surfactants include, in particular, surfactants having a net negative charge, such as sulfonates, carboxylates, and phosphates, and mixtures thereof.

[0146] In the case of a cationic gel network, the preferred gel network surfactants include quaternary ammonium surfactants and mixtures thereof, and include surfactants having a net positive charge.

[0147] In the case of amphoteric or zwitterionic gel networks, the preferred gel network surfactants include surfactants having both positive and negative charges at the product's operating pH, particularly betaine, amine oxide, sultaine, amino acids, and mixtures thereof.

[0148] Beneficial agent The cleansing composition may further contain one or more beneficial agents. Exemplary beneficial agents include, but are not limited to, particles, colorants, fragrance microcapsules, gel networks, and other insoluble skin or hair conditioning agents such as skin silicones, and natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil. The beneficial agents may be selected from the group consisting of particles, colorants, fragrance microcapsules, gel networks, other insoluble skin or hair conditioning agents such as skin silicones, natural oils such as sunflower oil or castor oil, and mixtures thereof.

[0149] Suspension The cleansing composition may contain a suspending agent in a concentration effective for suspending a water-insoluble material in a dispersed form within the composition, or in a concentration effective for adjusting the viscosity of the composition. Such concentrations range from about 0.05% to about 10% by weight and about 0.3% to about 5.0% by weight of the composition. However, as can be seen, if certain glyceride ester crystals are included, the glyceride ester crystals can act as a suitable suspending or structuring agent, so a suspending agent may not be necessary.

[0150] Suitable suspending agents include anionic polymers and nonionic polymers. Examples include vinyl polymers, such as cross-linked acrylic polymers having the CTFA name Carbomer; cellulose derivatives and modified cellulose polymers, such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crystalline cellulose, cellulose powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth, galactan, carob gum, guar gum, karaya gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, and quince seeds (Cydonia oblonga). Mills, starches (rice, corn, potato, wheat), algal colloids (algal extracts), microbiological polymers, such as dextran, succinoglucan, and pulleran, starch-based polymers, such as carboxymethyl starch and methylhydroxypropyl starch, alginate-based polymers, such as sodium alginate and propylene glycol alginate, acrylate polymers, such as sodium polyacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine, and inorganic water-soluble materials, such as bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, laponite, hectonite, and anhydrous silicic acid are useful herein.

[0151] Other suitable suspending agents include crystalline suspending agents that can be classified as acyl derivatives, long-chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such suspending agents are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,741,855, incorporated herein by reference. Suitable suspending agents include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms. The suspending agent may be either monostearate or distearate ethylene glycol stearate, but distearate containing less than about 7% monostearate is particularly preferred. Other suitable suspending agents include alkanolamides of fatty acids having about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, or about 16 to 18 carbon atoms, suitable examples of which include stearate monoethanolamide, stearate diethanolamide, stearate monoisopropanolamide, and stearate monoethanolamide stearate. Other long-chain acyl derivatives include long-chain esters of long-chain fatty acids (e.g., stearyl stearate, cetyl palmitate), long-chain esters of long-chain alkanolamides (e.g., stearamide diethanolamide distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate), and the aforementioned glyceryl esters. Long-chain acyl derivatives, ethylene glycol esters of long-chain carboxylic acids, long-chain amine oxides, and alkanolamides of long-chain carboxylic acids can also be used as suspending agents.

[0152] Other long-chain acyl derivatives suitable for use as suspending agents include N,N-dihydrocarbylamidebenzoic acid and its soluble salts (e.g., Na, K), and in particular, N,N-di(hydrogenated)C of this classification. 16 , C 18 Examples include taloamide benzoic acid species, which are commercially available from Stepan Company (Northfield, Ill., USA).

[0153] Examples of long-chain amine oxides suitable for use as suspending agents include alkyldimethylamine oxides, such as stearyldimethylamine oxide.

[0154] Other suitable suspending agents include primary amines having an aliphatic alkyl moiety with at least about 16 carbon atoms (examples include palmitamine or stearamine), and secondary amines having two aliphatic alkyl moieties, each having at least about 12 carbon atoms (examples include dipalmitoylamine or di(hydrogenated tallow)amine). Further other suitable suspending agents include di(hydrogenated tallow)phthalamides and crosslinked maleic anhydride-methyl vinyl ether copolymers.

[0155] Other suitable suspending agents include crystalline glyceride esters. For example, in certain embodiments, a suitable glyceride ester is hydrogenated castor oil (such as trihydroxystearin or dihydroxystearin). An example of an additional crystalline glyceride ester is the substantially pure triglyceride of 12-hydroxystearic acid. 12-hydroxystearic acid is the pure form of the triglyceride of fully hydrogenated 12-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid. As can be seen, many additional glyceride esters are possible. For example, variations in the hydrogenation process and natural changes in castor oil may allow for the production of additional suitable glyceride esters from castor oil.

[0156] Viscosity modifier Viscosity modifiers can be used to adjust the rheology of the cleansing composition. Suitable viscosity modifiers include Carbomer, which has trade names Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, Carbopol 950, Carbopol 980, and Carbopol 981, all available from BFGoodrich Company; acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, which has trade name ACRYSOLL 22, available from Rohm and Hass; nonoxynyl hydroxyethylcellulose, which has trade name AMERCELL polymer HM-1500, available from Amerchol; methylcellulose, which has trade name BENECEL, all supplied by Herculus; hydroxyethylcellulose, which has trade name NATROSOL; hydroxypropylcellulose, which has trade name KLUCEL; cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, which has trade name POLYSURF 67; and, all supplied by Amerchol, PEG, WASR, and UCON liquid. Examples of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide polymers having FLUIDS can be cited. Sodium chloride can also be used as a viscosity modifier. Other suitable rheology modifiers include crosslinked acrylates, crosslinked maleic anhydride comethyl vinyl ether, hydrophobic modified associative polymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0157] The cleansing composition was tested using a Brookfield R / S Plus rheometer at 26.6°C for 2 seconds. -1 When measured, it can have a viscosity of approximately 1 cP to 20,000 cP, or approximately 100 cP to 15,000 cP, or approximately 2,500 cP to 12,000 cP, or approximately 1 cP to 5,000 cP, or approximately 3,500 cP to 8,500 cP. cP stands for centipoise.

[0158] dispersed particles Dispersed particles known in the art may be included in the cleansing composition. When such dispersed particles are included, the particles can be incorporated into the composition at concentrations of about 0.025% by weight or more, about 0.05% by weight or more, about 0.1% by weight or more, about 0.25% by weight or more, and about 0.5% by weight or more. However, the cleansing composition may also contain dispersed particles at concentrations of about 20% by weight or less, about 10% by weight or less, about 5% by weight or less, about 3% by weight or less, and about 2% by weight or less.

[0159] To make it clear, the cleansing composition may further contain optional components. For example, it may contain amino acids. Suitable amino acids include, for example, water-soluble vitamins such as vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, C, pantothenic acid, pantothenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin, and derivatives thereof; water-soluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole, glutamic acid, and salts thereof; water-insoluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and derivatives thereof; and water-insoluble amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptamine, and salts thereof.

[0160] It may contain an anti-dandruff agent. As can be understood, coacervate formation can facilitate the deposition of the anti-dandruff agent on the scalp.

[0161] The cleansing composition may optionally contain water-soluble components such as those with a CI name, including inorganic, nitroso, monoazo, disazo, carotenoid, triphenylmethane, triarylmethane, xanthene, quinoline, oxazine, azine, anthraquinone, indigoid, thion indigoid, quinacridone, phthalocyanine, plant colors, and natural colors. The composition may also contain water-soluble components such as piroctone olamine, water-insoluble components such as 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (triclosan), triclocarban, and zinc pyrithione, which are useful as biocides and anti-dandruff agents for cosmetics.

[0162] The cleansing composition may contain one or more stabilizers. For example, it may contain one or more preservatives such as ethylene glycol distearate, citric acid, citrate, or katone, as well as sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ("EDTA") to improve its shelf life.

[0163] Foam dispenser The shampoo composition may be stored in an aerosol foam dispenser, which may include a container for holding the shampoo composition, and dispensed from there. The container may be made of any suitable material, including materials selected from the group consisting of plastic, metal, alloy, laminate, and combinations thereof. The container may be for single use only. The container may be removable from the aerosol foam dispenser. Alternatively, the container may be integrated with the aerosol foam dispenser. Alternatively, there may be two or more containers.

[0164] The containment vessel may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of rigid materials, flexible materials, and combinations thereof. The containment vessel may be made of a rigid material if it does not collapse under external pressure when the inside is subject to an incomplete vacuum.

[0165] Alternatively, the hair composition may be stored in a mechanical foam dispenser and dispensed from there. Not limited examples of suitable pump dispensers are those described in International Publications 2004 / 078903, 2004 / 078901, and 2005 / 078063, which can be supplied by Albea (60 Electric Ave., Thomaston, CT 06787 USA) or Rieke Packaging Systems (500 West Seventh St., Auburn, Indiana 46706).

[0166] The shampoo composition may be stored in a squeeze-type foam dispenser and dispensed from there. An example of a squeeze-type foamer is the EZ'R, available from Albea.

[0167] The shampoo composition and / or dispenser may be without, or substantially without, a propellant, such as an aerosol propellant.

[0168] propellant The shampoo compositions described herein may contain a propellant in an amount of about 2% to about 10% by weight, or about 3% to about 8% by weight, or about 4% to about 7% by weight of the shampoo.

[0169] The propellant may contain one or more volatile materials, which are in a gaseous state and can carry other components of the shampoo in particulate or droplet form. The propellant may have a boiling point in the range of about -45°C to about 5°C. The propellant can liquefy when packaged in a conventional aerosol container under pressure. The rapid boiling of the propellant when it comes out of an aerosol foam dispenser may help in atomizing other components of the shampoo composition.

[0170] Aerosol propellants that can be used in aerosol compositions may include chemically inert hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, cyclopropane, and mixtures thereof, as well as halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrofluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethyl ether, monochlorodifluoromethane, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234ze, available from Honeywell), and mixtures thereof. The propellant may include hydrocarbons such as isobutane, propane, and butane, which can be used due to their low ozone reactivity and can be used as individual components if their vapor pressure ranges from about 1.17 bar to about 7.45 bar, or about 1.17 bar to about 4.83 bar, and / or about 2.14 bar to about 3.79 bar at 21.1°C. The propellant may also be hydrofluoroolefin (HFO).

[0171] Compositions using HFO propellants can have a higher foaming density (approximately twice as high) compared to hydrocarbon propellants, while maintaining the same blending pressure and blending % saturation pressure. The higher density can allow for a higher weight of foam per unit volume of the resulting distributed foam shampoo. This means that consumers can achieve similar results by using less foam and lower density foam.

[0172] Pressure and % saturation pressure may be important to ensure sufficient foam distribution throughout the product's lifespan (from the beginning to the middle to the end of the pressurized vessel). 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene can also enable significantly higher gloss or shine in the distributed foam.

[0173] Method for producing a cleansing composition The cleansing compositions described herein can be formed in the same way as known cleansing compositions. For example, the manufacturing process of a cleansing composition may include the step of mixing together a surfactant, a cationic polymer, and a liquid carrier to form the cleansing composition.

[0174] Test method A. Transparency Assessment Measurement of transmittance % (T%) Techniques for analyzing the formation of composite coacervates are known in the art. One method for evaluating coacervate formation when a transparent or translucent composition is to measure the percentage (T%) of light transmitted through the diluted sample using a spectrophotometer. Typically, as the measured percentage of light transmittance (T%) of the dilution decreases, higher concentrations of coacervates are formed. Diluted samples can be prepared in various weight ratios of water to composition, e.g., 2 parts water to 1 part composition (2:1), 7.5 parts water to 1 part composition (7.5:1), 16 parts water to 1 part composition (16:1), or 34 parts water to 1 part composition (34:1), and the T% can be measured for each dilution ratio sample. Examples of possible dilution ratios include 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7.5:1, 11:1, 16:1, 24:1, or 34:1. By averaging the T% values ​​of samples across a range of dilution ratios, it is possible to simulate and verify how much coacervate a composition will form on average when a consumer applies the composition to wet hair, lathers it, and then rinses it off. The average T% can be calculated by taking the numerical average of the individual T% measurements for the following dilution ratios: 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 7.5:1, 11:1, 16:1, 24:1, and 34:1.

[0175] T% can be measured using ultraviolet / visible (UV / VI) spectroscopy, which determines the transmittance of UV / VIS light through a sample. A light wavelength of 600 nm has been shown to be suitable for characterizing the degree of light transmittance through a sample. Typically, it is best to follow the specific instructions for the particular spectrophotometer used. Generally, the procedure for measuring transmittance percentage begins by setting the spectrophotometer to 600 nm. Then, a calibration "blank" is performed to calibrate the readout to 100 percent transmittance. Next, a single test sample is placed in a cuvette designed to fit the particular spectrophotometer, and care is taken to ensure that there are no bubbles in the sample before measuring T% with the 600 nm spectrophotometer. Alternatively, multiple samples can be measured simultaneously using a spectrophotometer such as the SpectraMax M-5, available from Molecular Devices. Multiple diluted samples can be prepared in a 96-well plate (VWR catalog number 82006-448) and then transferred to a 96-well visible flat-bottom plate (Greiner part number 655-001), ensuring that the samples are free of air bubbles. The flat-bottom plate is then placed in a SpectraMax M-5, and the T% is measured using Software Pro v.5® software, available from Molecular Devices.

[0176] B.Lasentec FBRM method The composition does not contain coacervates before dilution. One option for measuring the absence of coacervates is to use the Lasentec FBRM method without dilution. Using the Lasentec Focused Beam Reflectance Method (FBRM) [Model S400A, available from Mettler Toledo Corp], the size and amount of aggregated particles, measured by chord length and particle count / second (number per second), can be quantified. Compositions containing only a surfactant substantially free of sulfates, optionally an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic adhesive polymer, and a low concentration of inorganic salts do not contain aggregated particles. Compositions with other added materials do not contain aggregated particles with a particle size different from that of the other added materials.

[0177] C. Coacervate volume Coacervate centrifugation The presence of coacervates can be measured by centrifugation of the cleansing composition and gravimetric analysis of the coacervates. A cleansing composition containing only a substantially sulfate-free surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic adhesive polymer, and a low concentration of inorganic salts is centrifuged at 9200 rpm for 20 minutes using a Beckman Couller TJ25 centrifuge. Several time / rpm combinations can be used. The supernatant is then removed, and the remaining settled coacervates are evaluated by gravimetric analysis. The coacervate percentage (%) is calculated as the weight of settled coacervates as a percentage of the weight of the cleansing composition added to the centrifuge tube, using the following formula. This quantifies the percentage of the cleansing composition involved in the coacervate phase. For compositions containing a substantially sulfate-free surfactant, optionally an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic adhesive polymer, and a low concentration of inorganic salts, the coacervate percentage (%) is 0%.

[0178]

number

[0179] D. Characteristics of foam Foam characterization using Kruss DFA100 Prepare a cleansing composition dilution solution by mixing 1 part by weight of cleanser with 10 parts by weight of water. Dispense the shampoo dilution solution into a Kruss DFA100, which generates foam and measures the foam's properties.

[0180] E. Characteristics of combing when wet Wet Combing Force Method A 4-gram hairpiece, 8 inches long, from a general population is used for measurement. Each hairpiece is treated with a cleansing composition over four cycles (one foam / rinse cycle per cycle, 0.1 gm / gm of cleansing composition per hair in each foam / rinse cycle, drying between cycles). Four hairpieces are treated with each shampoo. The hair is not dried after the previous treatment cycle. While the hair is wet, it is pulled through half of the fine teeth of two Beautician 3000 combs. The force pulling the hairpiece through the comb is measured by a friction analyzer with a load cell (such as an Instron or MTS tensile meter) and output in grams-force (gf). This pull is repeated a total of five times per hairpiece. The average wet combing force is calculated by averaging the force measurements from the five pulls on the four hairpieces treated with each cleansing composition. The data can be expressed as the average wet combing force passing through one or both of the two combs. [Examples]

[0181] The following examples illustrate various cleansing compositions. Each cleansing composition is prepared using conventional formulation and mixing techniques.

[0182] Table 1

[0183] [Table 2]

[0184] [Table 3]

[0185] [Table 4]

[0186] [Table 5]

[0187] [Table 6]

[0188] [Table 7] 1. Chemccinate (trademark) DSLS (manufactured by Lubrizol) 2. Iselux® (registered trademark) (manufactured by Innospec) 3. Jordapon® CI Prill (manufactured by BASF) 4. Mackam DAB ULS (Made by Solvay) 5. Amphosol® HCA-HP (manufactured by Stepan) 6.Eversoft ACS (low salt) (manufactured by Sino Lion) 7. Sodium cocoyl glutamate, Hostapon CGN (low salt) (Clariant) 8. Eversoft ACS-30S (Standard Salt Concentration) (Manufactured by Sino Lion) 9.Eversoft (trademark) UCS-50SG (manufactured by Sino Lion) 10. Poly JR-30M (manufactured by Amerchol) 11. Mirapol (registered trademark) 100s (made in Solvay) 12. Sodium Chloride (manufactured by Norton International Inc.) 13. Versene (trademark) 220 (manufactured by Dow (registered trademark)) 14. Sodium benzoate (manufactured by Kalama Chemical) 15. Kathon (trademark) CG (manufactured by Dow (registered trademark)) 16. Citric acid (ADM made) 17. Amilite GCS-12 (manufactured by Ajinomoto) 18. Jaguar C500 (made by Solvay) 19.Crodasinic LS30 / NP (made by Croda) 20.UCARETM (trademark) Polymer LR-30M (manufactured by Dow) 21. Dehyquart Guar (BASF made) 22. Dehyton PK 45 (BASF): After removing sodium chloride, the dry residue was 33.05% and sodium chloride was 0.21%. 23. Rheocare TTA (BASF) 24. Thixcin R (made by Elementis) 25. Xiameter MEM-1872 Emulsion (Dow-made) 26. Belsil DM5500E (Wacker)

[0189] It will be understood that other modifications to this disclosure within the technical scope of those skilled in the field of hair care formulations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All parts, percentages (%) and ratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified. Some components may be supplied as diluted solutions from the supplier. The concentrations described represent the weight percentage of the active material unless otherwise specified. The concentrations of fragrances and / or preservatives may also be included in the following examples.

[0190] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​listed. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, such dimensions are intended to mean both the listed value and the functionally equivalent range encompassing that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "approximately 40 mm."

[0191] All documents referenced herein, including any cross-referenced or related patents or applications, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety unless expressly excluded or specifically limited. No reference to any document constitutes prior art to any invention disclosed or claimed herein, nor does it constitute any authorization that the document, alone or in any combination with any other referenced document, references, teaches, suggests, or discloses any of such inventions. Furthermore, if any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with the meaning or definition of the same term in any document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition given to the term in this document shall apply.

[0192] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the invention be covered in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anionic surfactant in an amount of 3% to 35% by weight, Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of isethionate; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfonates; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of ether sulfonates; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfosuccinates; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of sulfoacetates; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of carboxylates; Sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of taurate; An anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium, ammonium, or potassium salts of phosphate esters; and combinations thereof, 3% to 10% by weight of an amphoteric surfactant, A cationic polymer in an amount of 0.01% to 2% by weight, 0% to 0.5% by weight of an inorganic salt, Aqueous carrier and A cleansing composition comprising, The composition is a cleansing composition that does not contain sulfate-based surfactants and has a viscosity of 0.1 Pa·s to 15 Pa·s at 26.6°C.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cationic polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 300,000 g / mol to 3,000,000 g / mol.

3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the cationic polymer has a cationic charge density of 0.9 meq / g to 7 meq / g.

4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the cationic polymer is selected from the group consisting of cationic guar, cationic cellulose, cationic synthetic homopolymer, cationic synthetic copolymer, and combinations thereof.

5. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the cationic polymer is selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyltrimonium guar, polyquaternium 10, polyquaternium 6, and combinations thereof.

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bromide, and combinations thereof.

7. The composition according to claim 1, having a viscosity of less than 5 Pa·s.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is supplied as foam.

9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the composition comprises a propellant.

10. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a silicone conditioning agent in an emulsion.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group consisting of betaine, sultaine, hydroxysultan, amphohydroxypropyl sulfonate, alkyl amphoacetate, alkyl amphodiaacetate, and combinations thereof.

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