Transparent display device

Abstract

To provide a transparent display device capable of improving an edge artifact.SOLUTION: A transparent display device is capable of optimizing an arrangement of light emitting regions of four colors to improve an edge artifact. The transparent display device includes a plurality of pixel regions including a non-transmission region and a transmission region. The non-transmission region of a pixel region includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, a third sub-pixel and a fourth sub-pixel, sequentially aligned in a first direction. At least one of the second and third sub-pixels is a green sub-pixel and the remaining one is a white sub-pixel. If the second sub-pixel is the green sub-pixel, the first sub-pixel is a red sub-pixel. If the third sub-pixel is the green sub-pixel, the fourth sub-pixel is the red sub-pixel.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 This specification relates to a transparent display device that can improve image quality by improving edge artifacts. 【Background Art】 【0002】 A transparent display device can include a non-transmissive region and a transmissive region. The non-transmissive region can display full color using four-color sub-pixels including light-emitting regions of white, red, green, and blue. 【0003】 In a four-color transparent display device, the interval between sub-pixels that emit light to display a specific color may increase, or an interval deviation may occur between the sub-pixels that emit light. 【0004】 As a result, in a four-color transparent display device, edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, or color bleeding may be recognized in the edge portion having a luminance difference between adjacent pixels, and the image quality may deteriorate. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0005】 This specification provides a transparent display device that can optimize the arrangement of four light-emitting regions to improve edge artifacts. 【0006】 The problems to be solved in this specification are not limited to the above problems, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the technical idea of this specification belongs from the following description. 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0007】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions, each containing an opaque region and a transparent region. The opaque region of each pixel region includes a first subpixel, a second subpixel, a third subpixel, and a fourth subpixel arranged sequentially in a first direction, where one of the second and third subpixels is a green subpixel and the remaining one is a white subpixel. If the second subpixel is a green subpixel, the first subpixel is a red subpixel, and if the third subpixel is a green subpixel, the fourth subpixel may be a red subpixel. 【0008】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions, each containing an opaque region and a transparent region, and the opaque region of each pixel region may include red subpixels, green subpixels, white subpixels, and blue subpixels arranged in order in the vertical direction. 【0009】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions, each containing an opaque region and a transparent region, and the opaque region of each pixel region may include blue subpixels, white subpixels, green subpixels, and red subpixels arranged in order in the vertical direction. 【0010】 Specific details of various examples in this specification, other than the means of solving the problems described above, are included in the following descriptions and figures. [Effects of the Invention] 【0011】 In one embodiment, the transparent display device improves image quality by reducing edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, and color bleeding, as the green and white subpixels are positioned in the center of the opaque region of each pixel area, while the red and green subpixels are positioned adjacent to them. 【0012】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment can improve image quality by including red / green / white / blue or blue / white / green / red subpixels arranged vertically and parallel in the non-transparent area of ​​each pixel region, thereby improving edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, and color bleeding, and can achieve a low power consumption effect by increasing the transparent area and improving transmittance. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0013】 [Figure 1] This is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Figure 3A] Figure 3A shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 3B] Figure 3B shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 3C] Figure 3C shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 4A] Figure 4A shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 4B] Figure 4B shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 4C] Figure 4C shows a pixel structure according to one embodiment. [Figure 5] An equivalent circuit diagram showing the configuration of each subpixel according to one embodiment. [Figure 6] An equivalent circuit diagram showing the configuration of each subpixel according to one embodiment. [Figure 7] This is an illustrative diagram showing each pixel region according to one embodiment. [Figure 8A] Figure 8A is a diagram comparing the transmittance of a transparent display device according to a comparative example and a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Figure 8B] Figure 8B is a diagram comparing the transmittance of a transparent display device according to a comparative example and a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Figure 8C] FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a comparison of the transmittance of a transparent display device according to a comparative example and a transparent display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] It is a diagram exemplifying the bleeding phenomenon of colors due to the arrangement order of three-color sub-pixels according to a comparative example. [Figure 10A] FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 10B] FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 10C] FIG. 10C is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 11A] FIG. 11A is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 11B] FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 11C] FIG. 11C is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 12A] FIG. 12A is a diagram showing the improvement effect of edge artifacts of a transparent display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 12B] FIG. 12B is a diagram showing the improvement effect of edge artifacts of a transparent display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 12C] FIG. 12C is a diagram showing the improvement effect of edge artifacts of a transparent display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 13A] FIG. 13A is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 13B] FIG. 13B is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 14A] FIG. 14A is a diagram showing the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 14B] Figure 14B shows the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device in a comparative example. [Figure 15A] Figure 15A shows the edge artifact phenomenon of a transparent display device in a comparative example. [Figure 15B] Figure 15B shows the edge artifact phenomenon in a transparent display device according to a comparative example. [Figure 16A] Figure 16A shows the effect of improving edge artifacts in a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Figure 16B] Figure 16B shows the effect of improving edge artifacts in a transparent display device according to one embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0014】 The advantages and features of this specification, as well as the methods for achieving them, will become apparent by referring to the examples described below in detail with accompanying figures. However, this specification is not limited to the examples disclosed below, but can be embodied in a variety of different forms, and these examples are provided merely to complete the disclosure of this specification and to fully inform those who have ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs of the scope of the invention, and this specification is defined only by the scope of the claims. 【0015】 The shapes, sizes, proportions, angles, numbers, etc., disclosed in the figures illustrating the embodiments herein are illustrative, and this specification is not limited to those shown in the figures. Throughout the specification, the same reference numeral refers to the same component. In this specification, if a specific description of the relevant prior art is deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of this specification, such detailed description will be omitted. Where "includes," "has," "consists of," etc., used herein, other parts may be added unless "only" is used. When a component is expressed singularly, it includes multiple components unless otherwise explicitly stated. 【0016】 In interpreting the constituent elements, even if there is no separate explicit mention of the error range, it shall be interpreted as including the error range. 【0017】 When describing spatial relationships, for example, when the positional relationship between two parts is described using phrases such as "above," "above," "below," or "beside," one or more other parts may be located between the two parts, unless the expressions "immediately" or "directly" are used. 【0018】 When describing temporal relationships, for example, when a temporal sequence is described using phrases like "after," "following," "next," or "before," it can include non-continuous events unless expressions like "immediately" or "directly" are used. 【0019】 The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are simply used to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, the first component referred to below may also be the second component within the technical concept of this specification. 【0020】 In describing the components of this specification, terms such as 1st, 2nd, A, B, a, b, etc., may be used. Such terms are used solely to distinguish a component from other components, and do not limit the nature, order, sequence, or number of the components. Where it is stated that a component "connects," "joins," or "connects" another component, it should be understood that the component can connect or connect to the other component directly, but that other components may "intersect" between each component that can connect or connect indirectly, unless otherwise explicitly stated. 【0021】 The term "at least one" should be understood to include all combinations of one or more of the related components. For example, "at least one of the first, second, and third components" may mean not only the first, second, or third component, but also all combinations of two or more of the first, second, and third components. 【0022】 Each feature of some of the embodiments described herein can be combined or combined with one another, either partially or as a whole, and various technical interdependencies and drives are possible. Each embodiment can be implemented independently of one another or together in a related manner. 【0023】 The embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below through the attached figures and examples. The scales of the components shown in the figures are different from those of actual components for the sake of explanation and are not limited to those shown in the figures. 【0024】 Figures 1 and 2 are block diagrams schematically showing the configuration of a transparent display device according to one embodiment, Figures 3A to 4C are diagrams showing the pixel structure according to one embodiment, and Figures 5 and 6 are equivalent circuit diagrams showing the configuration of each subpixel according to one embodiment. 【0025】 The display devices 1000 and 1000A according to one embodiment may be liquid crystal display devices, electroluminescent display devices using self-luminescent elements, or microlight-emitting diode display devices using microlight-emitting diodes. The electroluminescent display devices may be organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices, quantum-dot light-emitting diode (Quantum-dot) display devices, or inorganic light-emitting diode (Inorganic Light-Emitting Diode) display devices. 【0026】 Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a transparent display device 1000, 1000A according to one embodiment may include a display panel 100, a gate driver 300, a data driver 400, a timing controller 600, a gamma voltage generation unit 700, a power management circuit 800, 800A, etc. The gate driver 300 and the data driver 400 can be represented as a panel driver 200 that drives the display panel 100. The gate driver 300, the data driver 400, the timing controller 600, and the gamma voltage generation unit 700 can be represented as a display driver 500. 【0027】 Referring to Figure 2, one embodiment of the transparent display device 1000A may further include a light-shielding plate 1100 that is superimposed on the back of the display panel 100 and a light-shielding plate drive unit 1200 that drives the light-shielding plate 1100. 【0028】 Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the display panel 100 may be a rigid display panel or a flexible display panel that can be deformed in shape, such as a foldable, bendable, rollable, or stretchable display panel. 【0029】 The display panel 100 is a transparent display device that allows the background located behind it to be viewed through the display panel 100. The display panel 100 may include a display area (AA) in which multiple pixel areas (PX) are arranged in a matrix to display an image, and a bezel area located around the display area (AA). In one embodiment, the display panel 100 may be a panel in which a touch sensor screen is built in or attached superimposed on the display area (AA). 【0030】 Each of the multiple pixel regions (PX) may include an emissive region (EA) where multiple subpixels for displaying the on-screen image are arranged, and a translucent region (TA) that transmits light. The emissive region (EA) can be represented as an opaque region, and the translucent region (TA) can be represented as a transparent region. 【0031】 Referring to Figures 3A to 4C, each of the pixel regions (PX11, PX12, PX13, PX21, PX22, PX23) in various embodiments can include an opaque region (NTA) where the first to fourth subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) are arranged parallel to the first direction (Y) (vertical direction), and a transparent region (TA) arranged adjacent to the opaque region (NTA) in the second direction (X) (horizontal direction). The opaque region (NTA) can include the first to fourth light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4) of the first to fourth subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) arranged parallel to the first direction (Y) (vertical direction), and a black matrix (BM) surrounding the light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4). 【0032】 The first type pixel region (PX11) and the second type pixel region (PX21) according to one embodiment may have a structure in which the opaque region (NTA) is located on the left side and the transparent region (TA) is located on the right side. 【0033】 A first type pixel region (PX12) and a second type pixel region (PX22) according to one embodiment may have a structure in which the opaque region (NTA) is positioned on the right side and the transparent region (TA) is positioned on the left side. 【0034】 A first type pixel region (PX13) and a second type pixel region (PX23) according to one embodiment can have a structure in which an opaque region (NTA) is positioned in the center and transparent regions (TA) are positioned on both the left and right sides of the opaque region (NTA). 【0035】 The first to fourth light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4) of the first to fourth subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) can be positioned on the first to fourth row lines (RL1, RL2, RL3, RL4) which are arranged parallel to the first direction (Y). 【0036】 Referring to Figures 3A to 3C, the first type of pixel region (PX11, PX12, PX13) can contain blue (hereinafter B), white (hereinafter W), green (hereinafter G), and red (hereinafter R) subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) arranged sequentially in the first direction (Y) within the non-transparent region (NTA). 【0037】 Referring to Figures 4A to 4C, the second type of pixel region (PX21, PX22, PX23) can contain R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) arranged sequentially in the first direction (Y) within the non-transparent region (NTA). 【0038】 Referring to Figures 3A to 4C, in each of the pixel regions (PX11, PX12, PX13, PX21, PX22, PX23) according to various embodiments, the G and W subpixels can be positioned in the center of the non-transparent area (NTA) in the first direction (Y). This prevents edge artifacts such as bright lines and dark lines that may occur at the edges of the image pattern due to the separation distance or difference in separation distance between G and W subpixels. 【0039】 Referring to Figures 3A to 4C, in each of the pixel regions (PX11, PX12, PX13, PX21, PX22, PX23) according to various embodiments, the R subpixel can be positioned adjacent to the G subpixel in the first direction (Y). This prevents color bleeding artifacts that may occur at the edges of the image pattern due to the separation distance between the R and G subpixels. 【0040】 Referring to Figures 3A to 4C, in each of the pixel regions (PX11, PX12, PX13, PX21, PX22, PX23) according to various embodiments, one of the second and third subpixels (SP2, SP3) centered in the first direction (Y) may be a G subpixel, and the other may be a W subpixel. As shown in Figures 4A to 4C, if the second subpixel (SP2) is a G subpixel, the first subpixel (SP1) may be an R subpixel, the third subpixel (SP3) may be a W subpixel, and the fourth subpixel (SP4) may be a B subpixel. As shown in Figures 3A to 3C, if the third subpixel (SP3) is a G subpixel, the fourth subpixel (SP4) may be an R subpixel, the first subpixel (SP1) may be a B subpixel, and the second subpixel (SP2) may be a W subpixel. 【0041】 Each of the multiple subpixels (SP1 to SP2) may include a light-emitting element and a pixel circuit that independently drives the light-emitting element. Organic light-emitting diodes, quantum dot light-emitting diodes, and inorganic light-emitting diodes can be used as the light-emitting element. The pixel circuit may comprise a TFT of various configurations, including a drive TFT that drives the light-emitting element and a switching TFT that transmits data signals to the drive TFT, and a storage capacitor that stores the drive voltage of the drive TFT. The pixel circuit is electrically connected to signal lines, including gate lines, data lines, and power lines, located on the display panel 100. 【0042】 The power management circuits 800 and 800A can generate and output various drive voltages necessary for the operation of all components of the transparent display device, namely the display panel 100 and the display driver 500, using an input voltage supplied from an external source. The power management circuit 800A can further supply the drive voltage necessary for driving the light shielding plate 1100 and the light shielding plate drive unit 1200. 【0043】 The gate driver 300 is controlled by multiple gate control signals supplied from the timing controller 600 and can individually drive the gate lines of the display panel 100. The gate driver 300 can supply a scan signal of the gate-on voltage to each gate line during its driving period and supply a gate-off voltage to each gate line during its non-driving period. The gate driver 300 can be integrated into the bezel area of ​​the display panel 100 in the form of a gate-in-panel (GIP) configuration, formed together with the TFTs of the display area (AA). 【0044】 In one embodiment, a gate driver 300 built into a display panel 100 can receive multiple gate control signals from a timing controller 600 via a level shifter. The level shifter can receive control signals from the timing controller 600 and generate multiple gate control signals by level shifting or logic processing, and supply them to the gate driver 300. 【0045】 The gamma voltage generation unit 700 generates multiple reference gamma voltages with different gamma voltage levels and supplies them to the data driver 400. The gamma voltage generation unit 700 can generate multiple reference gamma voltages corresponding to the gamma characteristics of the display device under the control of the timing controller 600 and supply them to the data driver 400. The gamma voltage generation unit 700 can adjust the reference gamma voltage level based on the gamma data supplied from the timing controller 600 and output it to the data driver 400. The gamma voltage generation unit 700 can adjust the high-potential power supply voltage, which is the maximum gamma voltage, by the peak brightness control from the timing controller 600, and can adjust the multiple reference gamma voltages based on the adjusted high-potential power supply voltage and output them to the data driver 400. 【0046】 The data driver 400 is controlled by a data control signal supplied from the timing controller 600 and can convert digital data supplied from the timing controller 600 into analog data signals using a digital-to-analog conversion circuit. The data driver 400 subdivides multiple reference gamma voltages supplied from the gamma voltage generation unit 700 into gradation voltages and can convert digital data into analog data signals using the subdivided gradation voltages. The data driver 400 can supply the converted data signals to the data lines of the display panel 100. 【0047】 Furthermore, the data driver 400 can supply a reference voltage to the reference line of the display panel 100 under the control of the timing controller 600. The data driver 400 can also supply the reference voltage separately for display and sensing under the control of the timing controller 600. 【0048】 The data driver 400, under the control of the timing controller 600, uses a sensing unit to sense signals that reflect the driving characteristics of each subpixel (SP1 to SP4) via a reference line, using either a voltage sensing method or a current sensing method. 【0049】 The timing controller 600 can receive source video data and timing control signals from a host system. The host system may be a computer, a TV system, a set-top box, a portable device such as a tablet or mobile phone, or a system inside a car. The timing control signals may include a dot clock, a data enable signal, a vertical sync signal, a horizontal sync signal, and the like. 【0050】 The timing controller 600 can control the gate driver 300 and the data driver 400 using timing control signals supplied from the host system and timing setting information stored internally. The timing controller 600 can generate and supply multiple gate control signals to the gate driver 300 to control the drive timing of the gate driver 300. The timing controller 600 can generate and supply multiple data control signals to the data driver 400 to control the drive timing of the data driver 400. 【0051】 The timing controller 600 can perform various video processing on input video data supplied from the host system, including image quality correction, degradation correction, and brightness correction to reduce power consumption, and can supply the processed video data to the data driver 400. The timing controller 600 can be represented as a video processing unit. 【0052】 In one embodiment, the timing controller 600 can use a Peak Luminance Control (PLC) method that controls the peak brightness based on video data. The timing controller 600 can determine the Average Picture Level (APL) of the video data, and the higher the APL, the lower the peak brightness can be set to reduce power consumption. 【0053】 In one embodiment, the timing controller 600 can operate the display device 1000 in sensing mode. In sensing mode, the timing controller 600 can receive sensing data, which is obtained by sensing the electrical characteristics of the display panel 100, via a sensing circuit built into either the data driver 400 or one of the power management circuits 800 or 800A. 【0054】 In one embodiment, the timing controller 600 can accumulate video data and predict rows and areas on the display panel 100 based on the accumulated data to determine the sensing area. In sensing mode, the timing controller 600 can receive sensing data, which senses the electrical characteristics of the sensing area of ​​the display panel 100, using the data driver 400 or power management circuits 800, 800A. 【0055】 The timing controller 600 can calculate the amount of change in the electrical characteristics (threshold voltage shift value) of the drive transistors and / or light-emitting elements of each subpixel (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) based on sensing data, and can calculate a compensation value to compensate for this and store it in memory. By applying the compensation value stored in memory to compensate the video data, the timing controller 600 can compensate for brightness deviations due to characteristic deviations of each subpixel (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) and afterimages due to degradation. 【0056】 In one embodiment, the sensing modes of the display devices 1000 and 1000A can be executed by instructions from the host system, by a user request via the host system, or according to a drive sequence determined by the timing controller 600. 【0057】 Referring to Figure 2, the transparent display device 1000A according to one embodiment can operate in on-screen and see-through modes by controlling the light transmittance of the light shielding plate 1100. The on-screen mode may include a general mode for displaying television images, etc. The see-through mode may include a transparent mode. 【0058】 The timing controller 600 can distinguish between on-screen critical mode and see-through critical mode depending on the type of input video. In on-screen critical mode, the timing controller 600 operates in normal mode, and the timing controller 600 controls the light-shielding plate drive unit 1200 to drive the light-shielding plate 1100 in a light-shielding mode that displays black. As a result, the display panel 100 can improve the visibility of the on-screen video by displaying the on-screen video using pixel areas (PA) against the black background of the light-shielding plate 1100, which is visible through the translucent area (TA). 【0059】 In see-through mode, the timing controller 600 controls the light-shielding plate drive unit 1200 to drive the light-shielding plate 1100 in transparent mode. This allows viewers to see the on-screen image displayed by the pixel area (PA) along with the background visible through the transparent area (TA) of the display panel 100 and the light-shielding plate 1100. 【0060】 Figure 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the configuration of each subpixel according to one embodiment. 【0061】 Referring to Figure 5, each subpixel 10A may comprise a pixel circuit including a light-emitting element (EL) connected between a first power supply line (VDDL) supplying a high potential drive voltage (ELVDD) (first power supply voltage) and a second power supply line (VSSL) supplying a low potential drive voltage (ELVSS) (second power supply voltage), and first and second switching TFTs (ST1, ST2), a drive TFT (DT), and a storage capacitor (Cst) to independently drive the light-emitting element (EL). 【0062】 A light-emitting element (EL) may comprise an anode connected to the source node (N2) of a driving TFT (DT), a cathode connected to a second power supply line (VSSL), and an organic light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode. The anode is independent for each subpixel, but the cathode may be a common electrode shared by all subpixels. When a drive current is supplied from the driving TFT (DT), electrons from the cathode are injected into the organic light-emitting layer, and holes from the anode are injected into the organic light-emitting layer. The recombination of electrons and holes in the organic light-emitting layer causes fluorescence or phosphorescence to be emitted, thereby generating light with a brightness proportional to the value of the drive current. 【0063】 The first switching TFT (ST1) is driven by a scan signal (SCAN) supplied from the gate driver 300 to the gate line (GL), and can supply a data voltage (Vdata) supplied from the data driver 400 to the data line (DL) to the gate node (N1) of the driving TFT (DT). 【0064】 The second switching TFT (ST2) is driven by a scan signal (SCAN) supplied from the gate driver 300 to the gate line (GL), and can supply a reference voltage (Vref) supplied from the data driver 400 to the reference line (RL) to the source node (N2) of the driving TFT (DT). On the other hand, in sensing mode, the second switching TFT (ST2) can provide a current to the reference line (RL) that reflects the characteristics of the driving TFT (DT) and the light-emitting element (EL). 【0065】 The first and second switching TFTs (ST1, ST2) can be controlled by the same gate line, as shown in Figure 5, or by other gate lines. 【0066】 A storage capacitor (Cst) connected between the gate node (N1) and source node (N2) of the driving TFT (DT) charges the driving TFT (DT) with the difference voltage between the data voltage (Vdata) and the reference voltage (Vref) supplied to the gate node (N1) and source node (N2) respectively via the first and second switching TFTs (ST1, ST2), and holds the charged driving voltage (Vgs) during the light emission period when the first and second switching TFTs (ST1, ST2) are off. 【0067】 A driving TFT (DT) can control the light emission intensity of an EL (electroluminescent) by controlling the current (Ids) flowing through the EL using a driving voltage (Vgs) charged in a storage capacitor (Cst). 【0068】 In Figure 5, the gate line (GL) is driven by the gate driver 300, receives data voltage (Vdata) and reference voltage (Vref) from the data driver 400, and can receive high-potential drive voltage (ELVDD) and low-potential drive voltage (ELVSS) from the power management circuits 800 and 800A. 【0069】 Figure 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the configuration of each subpixel according to one embodiment. 【0070】 Referring to Figure 6, the pixel circuit of each subpixel 10B can include an EL (electroluminescent element), a drive TFT (DT) that supplies current to the EL, multiple TFTs (T1-T6), and a storage capacitor (Cst). The TFTs in each pixel circuit may be TFTs using one of the following: polysilicon semiconductor, amorphous silicon semiconductor, or oxide semiconductor. 【0071】 For example, the driving TFT (DT) and TFTs (T1-T6) can be composed of polysilicon TFTs with P-type channels using polysilicon with high mobility. 【0072】 On the other hand, the driving TFT (DT) and TFTs (T1-T3, T5-T6) are composed of P-type channel polysilicon TFTs, and the compensation TFT (T4) that connects the driving TFT (DT) to the diode structure can be composed of an N-type channel oxide TFT using an oxide semiconductor, which has a smaller leakage current than polysilicon. During low-speed driving, where the screen refresh rate is relatively slow, the fourth switching TFT (T4) can block the leakage current and prevent flicker. 【0073】 The light-emitting element (EL) may comprise an anode connected to the drain electrode of a drive TFT (DT) via a light-emitting control TFT (T5), a cathode connected to a second power supply line 110 that supplies a second power supply voltage (ELVSS), and an organic light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode. The light-emitting element (EL) can generate light with a brightness proportional to the current value of the drive current supplied from the drive TFT (DT). 【0074】 The compensating TFT (T4) is controlled by the first gate line 104 and can connect a second node (N2) connected to the gate electrode of the driving TFT (DT) and a third node (N3) connected to the drain electrode of the driving TFT (DT). The compensating TFT (T4) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the first gate signal (SC1[n]) supplied via the first gate line 104, and by connecting the gate electrode and drain electrode of the driving TFT (DT), the driving TFT (DT) can be connected to a diode structure. The first gate line 104 can be placed on two row lines, namely the (n-1)th and nth row lines (where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), which can reduce the size of the gate driver 300 and the bezel area of ​​the display panel 100. 【0075】 The switching TFT (T1) is controlled by a second gate line 105 and can connect to a data line 102 and a first node (N1) connected to the source electrode of the driving TFT (DT). The switching TFT (T1) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the second gate signal (SC2[n]) supplied via the second gate line 105 and can supply the data voltage (Vdata) supplied via the data line 102 to the source electrode of the driving TFT (DT). 【0076】 The motion control TFT (T2) is controlled by the light emission control line 111 and can connect to a first power supply line (ELVDD) and a first node (N1) connected to the source electrode of the drive TFT (DT). The motion control TFT (T2) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the light emission control signal (EM[n]) supplied via the light emission control line 111 and can supply the first power supply voltage (ELVDD) supplied via the first power supply line 103 to the source electrode of the drive TFT (DT). 【0077】 The light emission control TFT (T5) is controlled by the light emission control line 111 and can connect a third node (N3) connected to the drain electrode of the drive TFT (DT) and a fourth node (N4) connected to the anode electrode of the light-emitting element (EL). The light emission control TFT (T5) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the light emission control signal (EM[n]) supplied via the light emission control line 111, and can connect the drain electrode of the drive TFT (DT) and the anode electrode of the light-emitting element (EL). 【0078】 The first initialization TFT (T3) is controlled by the third gate line 106 and can connect the third node (N3), which is connected to the drain electrode of the drive TFT (DT), to the first initialization line 108. The first initialization TFT (T3) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the third gate signal (SC3[n]) supplied via the third gate line 106 and can supply the first initialization voltage (Vini), which is supplied via the first initialization line 108, to the third node (N3), which is connected to the drain electrode of the drive TFT (DT). 【0079】 The second initialized TFT (T6) is controlled by the fourth gate line 107 and can connect to the second initialized line 109 and to the fourth node (N4) connected to the anode of the light-emitting element (EL). The second initialized TFT (T6) is turned on by the gate-on voltage of the fourth gate signal (SC3[n+1]) supplied via the fourth gate line 107 and can supply the second initialized voltage (VAR, anode reset voltage) supplied via the second initialized line 109 to the fourth node (N4) connected to the anode electrode of the light-emitting element (LED). The fourth gate line 107 can share the third gate line that supplies the third gate signal (SC3[n+1]) at the (n+1)th row line (where n is a positive integer). 【0080】 A storage capacitor (Cst) can be connected between a first power supply line 103 and a second node (N2) connected to the gate electrode of a drive TFT (DT). The storage capacitor (Cst) can charge the difference voltage between the first power supply voltage (ELVDD) supplied via the first power supply line 103 and the data voltage (Vdata) supplied to the second node (N2). The data voltage (Vdata) can be supplied from the data line 102 to the second node (N2) via a switching TFT (T2), a drive TFT (DT), and a compensation TFT (T1). While the drive TFT (DT) is coupled to the diode structure via the compensation TFT (T4), the storage capacitor (Cst) can sample and store the threshold voltage (Vth) of the drive TFT (DT), and can provide the gate electrode of the drive TFT (DT) with a data voltage (Vdata + Vth) compensated by the threshold voltage (Vth). This allows the storage capacitor (Cst) to be charged with the difference voltage between the first power supply voltage (ELVDD) and the data voltage (Vdata) which is compensated for the threshold voltage (Vth) of the drive TFT (DT) as the target voltage. The charged target voltage can then be provided as the drive voltage (Vgs) between the gate-source electrodes of the drive TFT (DT). Thus, characteristic deviations of the drive TFT (DT) between subpixels can be compensated. 【0081】 A driving TFT (DT) can control the light emission intensity of an EL (electroluminescent) element by controlling the current (Ids) flowing through the EL element using the driving voltage charged in the storage capacitor (Cst). 【0082】 In Figure 6, gate lines 104, 105, 106, and 107 can be driven by the gate driver 300, and the light emission control line 111 can be driven by a light emission control driver that is built into the gate driver 300 and positioned in the bezel area of ​​the display panel 100. The data voltage (Vdata) is supplied from the data driver 400, and the first power supply voltage (ELVDD), second power supply voltage (ELVSS), first initialization voltage (Vini), and second initialization voltage (VAR) can be supplied from the power management circuits 800 and 800A. 【0083】 Figure 7 is an illustrative diagram showing each pixel region according to one embodiment, and Figures 8A to 8C are diagrams comparing the transmittance of a transparent display device according to a comparative example and a transparent display device according to one embodiment. 【0084】 Referring to Figure 7, a pixel region (PX) according to one embodiment may include an opaque region (NTA) located in the center in the second direction (X) and transparent regions (TA) located on both sides of the opaque region (NTA) in the second direction (X). The opaque region (NTA) may include light-emitting regions (EA1~EA4) of R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) arranged in order parallel to the first direction (Y). The pixel circuits of the R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) may be superimposed below the light-emitting regions (EA1~EA4). 【0085】 The R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) can be individually connected to the first to fourth data lines (DL1 to DL4), which extend along the first direction (Y) on the left side of the opaque area (NTA) and are arranged parallel to the second direction (X). The R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) can be commonly connected to the first power line (VDDL), reference line (RL), and second power line (VSSL), which extend along the first direction (Y) on the right side of the opaque area (NTA) and are arranged parallel to the second direction (X). The R, G, W, and B subpixels (SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4) can be commonly connected to the gate line (GL), which extends in the second direction (X). 【0086】 Referring to Figures 8A to 8C, it can be seen that the transmittance (55%) of a pixel region (PX) in one embodiment having a vertically arranged structure in which the light-emitting regions (EA) of the four colors (R, G, W, B) subpixels are arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 8C, is improved compared to the transmittance (45%) of a pixel region (PX) in a comparative example in which the light-emitting regions (EA) of the four colors (R, G, W, B) subpixels are arranged in a matrix configuration, as shown in Figures 8A and 8B. 【0087】 Figure 9 illustrates the color bleeding phenomenon due to the arrangement order of the three-color subpixels in the comparative example, Figures 10A to 11C show the edge artifact phenomenon of the transparent display device in the comparative example, Figures 12A to 12C show the edge artifact improvement effect of the transparent display device in one embodiment, Figures 13A to 15B show the edge artifact phenomenon of the transparent display device in the comparative example, and Figures 16A and 16B show the edge artifact improvement effect of the transparent display device in one embodiment. 【0088】 Referring to Figure 9, it can be seen that in the basic stripe structure of three color (R, G, B) subpixels, the RGB array structure with the G subpixel positioned in the center can display white lines excellently without color bleeding. On the other hand, when displaying a white line using a GBR array structure with the G subpixel biased to the left, red bleeding may occur at the right end of the white line, and when displaying a white line using a BRG array structure with the G subpixel biased to the right, blue bleeding occurs at the left end of the white line. It can be seen that when the R and G subpixels are separated by other subpixels (B), as in the GBR array structure, color bleeding becomes even more noticeable. 【0089】 Referring to Figures 10A to 10C, 13A, and 13B, it can be seen that in the comparative example's display device, which uses a pixel region (PXa) in which R / W / B / G subpixels are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction as shown in Figures 10A and 13A, the G subpixel is not centrally located in the pixel region (PXa), and the R and G subpixels are spaced apart, flanking the W and B subpixels. As a result, in the comparative example's display device, dark lines (BL) and bright lines (WL) may occur at the edges of character patterns (G, D) displayed in green on a white pattern, as shown in Figure 10B, or red color bleeding (CFL) may occur at the edges of line patterns displayed in yellow, as shown in Figure 10C, or edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, and color bleeding may occur at the edges of box patterns of various colors, as shown in Figure 13B. 【0090】 Referring to Figures 11A-11C, 14A, and 14B, it can be seen that in the comparative example's display device, which uses a pixel region (PXb) in which R / G / B / W subpixels are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction as shown in Figures 11A and 14A, the W subpixel is not centrally located in the pixel region (PXb). As a result, in the comparative example's display device, dark lines (BL) and bright lines (WL) may occur at the edges of the character patterns (G, D) displayed in green on a white pattern, as shown in Figure 11B, or artifacts such as bright lines and dark lines may occur at the edges of various color patterns, as shown in Figure 14B. However, because the R and G subpixels are arranged adjacently in the pixel region (PXb), the comparative example's display device does not produce color bleeding artifacts in the yellow line pattern, as shown in Figure 10C. 【0091】 Referring to Figures 12A to 12C, Figure 16A, and Figure 16B, it can be seen that in one embodiment, a display device using a pixel region (PX) in which R / G / W / B subpixels are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, as shown in Figures 12A and 16A, the G and W subpixels are centrally located within the pixel region (PX), while the R and G subpixels are adjacent to each other. Therefore, in one embodiment, the display device does not produce dark lines or bright line artifacts at the edges of character patterns (G, D) displayed in green on a white pattern, as shown in Figure 12B. Furthermore, it does not produce color bleeding artifacts in the yellow line pattern, as shown in Figure 12C, and does not produce edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, or color bleeding at the edges of various color patterns, as shown in Figure 16B. 【0092】 Referring to Figures 15A and 15B, it can be seen that in the comparative example's display device, which uses a pixel region (PXc) in which R / W / G / B subpixels are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction as shown in Figure 15A, the R and G subpixels are spaced apart in the pixel region (PXc), with the W subpixel in between. As a result, the comparative example's display device exhibits edge artifacts, such as color bleeding, at the edges of various color patterns, as shown in Figure 15B. 【0093】 As described above, in the transparent display device according to one embodiment, the green and white subpixels are positioned in the center of the opaque region of each pixel area, and the red and green subpixels are positioned adjacent to them, thereby improving image quality by reducing edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, and color bleeding. 【0094】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment can improve image quality by including red / green / white / blue or blue / white / green / red subpixels arranged vertically and parallel in the non-transparent area of ​​each pixel region, thereby improving edge artifacts such as bright lines, dark lines, and color bleeding, and can achieve a low power consumption effect by increasing the transparent area and improving transmittance. 【0095】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions including an opaque region and a transparent region, wherein the opaque region of each pixel region includes a first subpixel, a second subpixel, a third subpixel, and a fourth subpixel arranged sequentially in a first direction, wherein one of the second and third subpixels is a green subpixel and the remaining one is a white subpixel, and when the second subpixel is a green subpixel, the first subpixel is a red subpixel, and when the third subpixel is a green subpixel, the fourth subpixel may be a red subpixel. 【0096】 In one embodiment of a transparent display device, the first to fourth subpixels may be red subpixels, green subpixels, white subpixels, and blue subpixels arranged in order in the first direction. 【0097】 In one embodiment of a transparent display device, the first to fourth subpixels may be blue subpixels, white subpixels, green subpixels, and red subpixels arranged in order in the first direction. 【0098】 In each pixel area of ​​a transparent display device according to one embodiment, the transparent area can be located to the left or right of the opaque area, or to both the left and right sides of the opaque area. 【0099】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions, each containing an opaque region and a transparent region, and the opaque region of each pixel region may contain red subpixels, green subpixels, white subpixels, and blue subpixels arranged in order in the vertical direction. 【0100】 A transparent display device according to one embodiment includes a plurality of pixel regions, each containing an opaque region and a transparent region, and the opaque region of each pixel region may include blue subpixels, white subpixels, green subpixels, and red subpixels arranged in order in the vertical direction. 【0101】 The transparent display device according to this specification can be applied to a variety of electronic devices. For example, the transparent display device according to this specification can be applied to mobile devices, video phones, smartwatches, watch phones, wearable devices, foldable devices, rollable devices, bendable devices, flexible devices, curved devices, navigation systems, vehicle navigation systems, vehicle display devices, televisions, wallpaper display devices, signage equipment, and home appliances. 【0102】 The features, structures, effects, etc., described in the various examples of this specification described above are included in, and not necessarily limited to, at least one example of this specification. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, etc., exemplified in at least one example of this specification can be combined or modified and implemented in other examples by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the technical idea of ​​this specification belongs. Accordingly, the content related to such combinations and modifications should be construed as being included in the scope of the technology or rights of this specification. 【0103】 This specification, as described above, is not limited by the embodiments and accompanying figures, and it will be apparent to those with ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs that various substitutions, modifications, and alterations are possible without departing from the technical matters of this specification. Accordingly, the scope of this specification is indicated by the claims set forth below, and all modified or altered forms derived from the meaning, scope, and equivalent concepts of the claims should be construed as being included within the scope of this specification. [Explanation of symbols] 【0104】 100: Display panel 200: Panel Driver 300: Gate Driver 400: Data Driver 500: Display driver 600: Timing Controller 700: Gamma voltage generation unit 800, 800A: Power management circuit 1000, 1000A: Display device 1100: Light-shielding plate 1200: Shading plate drive unit

Claims

[Claim 1] Includes a display area in which multiple pixel areas having opaque and transparent areas are arranged, Each of the opaque regions of the plurality of pixel regions includes a first subpixel, a second subpixel, a third subpixel, and a fourth subpixel arranged in order in the vertical direction. The first subpixel, the second subpixel, the third subpixel, and the fourth subpixel are connected to the first data line, the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line is located to the left of the opaque region and extends along the vertical direction. Each of the first subpixel, second subpixel, third subpixel, and fourth subpixel includes a light-emitting element and a pixel circuit configured to drive the light-emitting element, each connected in common to a first power line supplying a high-potential drive voltage to the pixel circuit, a reference line supplying a reference voltage to the pixel circuit, and a second power line supplying a low-potential drive voltage to the light-emitting element, the first power line, the reference line, and the second power line being located to the right of the opaque region and extending along the vertical direction, The first subpixel, the second subpixel, the third subpixel, and the fourth subpixel are commonly connected to a gate line, the gate line is located between the second subpixel and the third subpixel and extends horizontally, The first to fourth subpixels are red subpixels, green subpixels, white subpixels, and blue subpixels arranged in the vertical direction in order. The red light-emitting region of the red subpixel, the green light-emitting region of the green subpixel, and the blue light-emitting region of the blue subpixel overlap with the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line to the left of the opaque region, overlap with the first power line to the right of the opaque region, and do not overlap with the first data line and the second power line. The white light-emitting region of the white subpixel overlaps with the first data line, the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line to the left of the opaque region, and overlaps with the first power line, the reference line, and the second power line to the right of the opaque region. The aperture ratios of the red light-emitting region and the blue light-emitting region are greater than the aperture ratios of the green light-emitting region and the white light-emitting region, respectively. A transparent display device in which the aperture ratio of the green light-emitting region is the same as the aperture ratio of the white light-emitting region. [Claim 2] Includes a display area in which multiple pixel areas having opaque and transparent areas are arranged, Each of the opaque regions of the plurality of pixel regions includes a first subpixel, a second subpixel, a third subpixel, and a fourth subpixel arranged in order in the vertical direction. The first subpixel, the second subpixel, the third subpixel, and the fourth subpixel are connected to the first data line, the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line is located to the left of the opaque region and extends along the vertical direction. Each of the first subpixel, the second subpixel, the third subpixel, and the fourth subpixel includes a light-emitting element and a pixel circuit configured to drive the light-emitting element, each connected in common to a first power line supplying a high-potential drive voltage to the pixel circuit, a reference line supplying a reference voltage to the pixel circuit, and a second power line supplying a low-potential drive voltage to the light-emitting element, the first power line, the reference line, and the second power line being located to the right of the opaque region and extending along the vertical direction, The first subpixel, the second subpixel, the third subpixel, and the fourth subpixel are commonly connected to a gate line, the gate line is located between the second subpixel and the third subpixel and extends horizontally, The first to fourth subpixels are blue subpixels, white subpixels, green subpixels, and red subpixels arranged in the vertical direction in order. The red light-emitting region of the red subpixel, the green light-emitting region of the green subpixel, and the blue light-emitting region of the blue subpixel overlap with the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line to the left of the opaque region, overlap with the first power line to the right of the opaque region, and do not overlap with the first data line and the second power line. The white light-emitting region of the white subpixel overlaps with the first data line, the second data line, the third data line, and the fourth data line to the left of the opaque region, and overlaps with the first power line, the reference line, and the second power line to the right of the opaque region. The aperture ratios of the red light-emitting region and the blue light-emitting region are greater than the aperture ratios of the green light-emitting region and the white light-emitting region, respectively. The transparent display device according to claim 1, wherein the aperture ratio of the green light-emitting region is the same as the aperture ratio of the white light-emitting region. [Claim 3] In each of the aforementioned pixel regions, The transparent display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent region is located in the left or right region of the non-transparent region, or is located in both the left and right regions of the non-transparent region.

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