Method and apparatus for setting, by UAV altitude, usable carrier

Abstract

A method by which a first device performs wireless communication, and a device supporting same are provided. The method may comprise the steps of: acquiring configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determining the altitude of a first device; and selecting a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers on the basis of the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier can be configured for a first altitude section from among a plurality of altitude sections.

Description

Method and device for setting available carriers according to altitude of UAV

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and to high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Per device peak data rate1 TbpsE2E latency1 msMaximum spectral efficiency100bps / HzMobility supportUp to 1000km / hrSatellite integrationFullyAIFullyAutonomous vehicleFullyXRFullyHaptic CommunicationFully

[0005] In one embodiment, a method for a first device to perform wireless communication is provided. The method may include the steps of: obtaining configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determining an altitude of the first device; and selecting a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range from among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range from among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is provided. The instructions, when executed, cause a first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0009] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 illustrates a resource unit for CBR measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 illustrates a carrier setting / selection operation based on the altitude of a UAV according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 illustrates a carrier setting / selection operation based on the altitude of a UAV according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 19 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0029] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0030] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted identically to "at least one of A and B".

[0031] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0032] Additionally, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0033] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0034] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0035] In this specification, higher layer parameters may be parameters that are set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0036] In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being configured or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this specification, "configured or defined" may be interpreted as being preset to a device.

[0037] The technology proposed in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0038] The technology proposed in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0040] New network characteristics in 6G may include:

[0041] - Satellite integrated network

[0042] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, upgrading the wireless evolution from "connected objects" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every stage of the communication process (or at every signal processing step, as described below).

[0043] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer

[0044] - Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0045] Some general requirements for the new network characteristics of 6G, such as the above, may be as follows:

[0046] - small cell networks

[0047] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0048] - High-capacity backhaul

[0049] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communications is a key feature of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0050] - Softwarization and virtualization

[0051] Below, the core implementation technologies of the 6G system are described.

[0052] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. This means AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0053] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by utilizing sub-THz communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (Sub-THz band) is considered a major portion of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Figure 2 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0054] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0055] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0056] - Optical wireless technology

[0057] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0058] - Quantum communication

[0059] - Cell-free communication

[0060] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0061] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0062] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0063] - Big data analysis

[0064] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0065] - metaverse

[0066] - Blockchain

[0067] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs, or drones, will be a key element in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. Base stations (BSs) can be installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs may offer specific capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial communications infrastructure is not economically feasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three fundamental requirements for wireless networks: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0068] - Advanced air mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher concept than urban air mobility (UAM), which is an air transportation method available in urban areas, and can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as within urban areas.

[0069] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication. Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, in the future, autonomous driving will go beyond simply providing warnings or guidance messages to drivers and may require active intervention in vehicle operation and direct control of the vehicle in dangerous situations. To this end, the amount of information that needs to be transmitted and received may become enormous, so 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0070] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTN): NTN may refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiments of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, a satellite (or UAS platform) may create a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where a signal transmitted by a satellite can be received. Referring to Figure 4, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). The other satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on the playback payload, a satellite can be connected to a data network through another satellite and the gateway. If an ISL does not exist between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figures 3 and 4 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios.For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may implement a transparent or regenerative (with onboard processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a designated service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform). For example, the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered. For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to equipping the satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0071] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., drones, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, i.e., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 5 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0072] The layers of the radio interface protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), and L3 (layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer belonging to layer 1 provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in layer 3 controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0073] The physical layer provides information transmission services to higher layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, via a transport channel. Data travels between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified based on how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface.

[0074] Data travels between different physical layers, i.e., between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel. This physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

[0075] The MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. The MAC layer provides mapping from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. Furthermore, the MAC layer provides logical channel multiplexing, which maps multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.

[0076] The RLC layer performs the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0077] The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to a logical path provided by Layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

[0078] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include the transmission of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include the transmission of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0079] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. It performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within downlink and uplink packets, and more.

[0080] Establishing an RB refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. RBs can be further divided into two types: the Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) and the Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The SRB is used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while the DRB is used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0081] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state. Otherwise, it is in the RRC_IDLE state. For NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection with the core network while releasing the connection with the base station.

[0082] Downlink transmission channels that transmit data from the network to the terminal include the Broadcast Channel (BCH), which transmits system information, and the downlink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted through the downlink SCH or a separate downlink Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels that transmit data from the terminal to the network include the Random Access Channel (RACH), which transmits initial control messages, and the uplink Shared Channel (SCH), which transmits user traffic or control messages.

[0083] Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH).

[0084] Radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can contain 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0085] When normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0086] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0087] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0088] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 6, a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) may be defined as a plurality (e.g., 12) of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication may be performed through activated BWPs. Each element may be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0090] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) for a given numerology. A PRB can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0091] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0092] Referring to Figure 7, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other. Furthermore, a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0093] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0094] SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal) is a SL (sidelink) specific sequence and may include PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal). The PSSS may be referred to as S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal) and the SSSS may be referred to as S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS. For example, a terminal may detect an initial signal (signal detection) and obtain synchronization using S-PSS. For example, the terminal can obtain detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS and detect a synchronization signal ID.

[0095] PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) may be a (broadcast) channel that transmits basic (system) information that a terminal must know first before transmitting or receiving an SL signal. For example, the basic information may be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, resource pool-related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0096] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)). The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)configured SL BWP (Sidelink BWP). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RBs (Resource Blocks). For example, the PSBCH may span 11 RBs. And, the frequency location of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0097] In this specification, PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a sidelink-related control channel, a sidelink-related physical control channel, etc. In this specification, PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a sidelink-related shared channel, a sidelink-related physical shared channel, etc.

[0098] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0100] For example, a first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from a base station. For example, a CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, a DG resource may be a resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, a CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit a DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0101] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance. For example, the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.

[0102] Referring to (b) of FIG. 8, in resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources set by the base station / network or preset SL resources. For example, the set SL resources or preset SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources by itself within the set resource pool. For example, the terminal can select resources by itself within a selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection procedures. For example, the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, the first terminal that has selected resources by itself within the resource pool transmits PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1) using the resources. st -stage SCI) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal transmits the PSSCH (e.g., 2) related to the PSCCH. nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0103] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, for example, a first terminal may transmit an SCI to a second terminal on a PSCCH. Or, for example, the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In the present specification, an SCI transmitted on a PSCCH is 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1st -stage SCI or 1 st -stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted on the PSSCH is 2 nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2 nd -stage SCI or 2 nd -It can be called a stage SCI format.

[0104] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, in step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal may determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal may use the PSFCH resources to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0105] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in step S840, the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0106] Meanwhile, the operations related to congestion control in SL (sidelink) are as follows.

[0107] For example, a terminal can determine whether the energy measured in a unit time / frequency resource is above a certain level, and adjust the amount and frequency of its transmission resources according to the ratio of unit time / frequency resources in which energy above a certain level is observed. In the present disclosure, the ratio of time / frequency resources in which energy above a certain level is observed can be defined as a channel busy ratio (CBR). The terminal can measure the CBR for a channel / frequency. Additionally, the terminal can transmit the measured CBR to the network / base station.

[0108] FIG. 9 illustrates resource units for CBR measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0109] Referring to FIG. 9, CBR may refer to the number of subchannels in which the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) measurement result value is higher than a preset threshold value when the terminal measures the RSSI per subchannel for a specific period (e.g., 100 ms). Alternatively, CBR may refer to the ratio of subchannels in which the RSSI measurement result value is higher than a preset threshold value among the subchannels in the specific period. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 9, assuming that the hatched subchannels are subchannels in which the value is higher than a preset threshold value, CBR may refer to the ratio of the hatched subchannels in the 100 ms period. Additionally, the terminal may report the CBR to the base station.

[0110] For example, when PSCCH and PSSCH are multiplexed in the frequency domain, the terminal can perform one CBR measurement for one resource pool. Here, if PSFCH resources are configured or configured in advance, the PSFCH resources can be excluded from the CBR measurement.

[0111] Furthermore, congestion control that considers the priority of traffic (e.g., packets) may be required. For this purpose, for example, the terminal may measure the channel occupancy ratio (CR). Specifically, the terminal may measure the channel occupancy ratio (CBR), and based on the CBR, the terminal may determine the maximum value (CRlimitk) of the channel occupancy ratio (Channel occupancy ratio k, CRk) that traffic corresponding to each priority (e.g., k) may occupy. For example, the terminal may derive the maximum value (CRlimitk) of the channel occupancy for each traffic priority based on a pre-determined table of CBR measurements. For example, for traffic with a relatively high priority, the terminal may derive a relatively large maximum value of the channel occupancy. Thereafter, the terminal may perform congestion control by limiting the sum of the channel occupancies of traffic with a priority k lower than i to a certain value or less. Using this method, traffic with a relatively low priority may be subject to a stronger channel occupancy limit.

[0112] In addition, the terminal can perform SL congestion control by using methods such as adjusting the size of transmission power, dropping packets, deciding whether to retransmit, and adjusting the size of transmission RB (MCS adjustment).

[0113] Meanwhile, conventional technologies (e.g., NR-Uu and NR SL (sidelink)) supported multi-carrier operation of the terminal. For example, the terminal can perform independent radio link monitoring (RLM) and radio link failure (RLF) operations for each carrier. In addition, independent RLF parameter configurations (e.g., sl-MaxNumConsecutiveDTX) were defined for each carrier to perform independent radio link monitoring (RLM) and radio link failure (RLF) operations for each carrier.

[0114] Meanwhile, according to the prior art, a terminal supporting multi-carrier operation can perform CBR measurements and / or RLF detection for each carrier. However, if the terminal monitors multiple carriers to select an available carrier, the following problems may arise. For example, since the terminal must process all signals transmitted and received for multiple carriers, the terminal system may be overloaded and a large amount of power may be consumed. Alternatively, for example, the efficiency of frequency resource utilization may be reduced. Alternatively, since the terminal must simultaneously monitor signals transmitted and received for multiple carriers, the accuracy of monitoring for each carrier may be reduced. In particular, mobile devices such as UAVs may have significantly limited signal processing capabilities or available power compared to other devices. Therefore, if the operations related to setting / selecting carriers that a UAV can use at different altitudes are not defined, the aforementioned problems may further negatively impact the communication performance of mobile devices such as UAVs.

[0115] In the present disclosure, a carrier setting method for multi-carrier operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) type and a device supporting the same are proposed as follows.

[0116] For example, a UAV UE may have different communication environments with a base station depending on its altitude (or height). For example, as the altitude increases, the line of sight (LOS) between the UAV UE and the base station is guaranteed compared to a low altitude, allowing for more signal transmission and reception (e.g., because there may be fewer obstacles compared to a low altitude). In addition, for example, it may be difficult to guarantee a LOS environment at a low altitude compared to a high altitude (e.g., because there may be more obstacles compared to a high altitude). Therefore, for example, the communication environment (e.g., channel conditions) between the UAV UE and the base station at a low altitude may be worse than at a high altitude. Alternatively, for example, the communication environment (e.g., channel conditions) between the UAV UE and the base station at a high altitude may be better than at a low altitude.

[0117] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method for enabling a UAV UE to use a carrier included in a predefined available carrier configuration according to its altitude by differently setting carriers usable by the UAV UE depending on its altitude, when the UAV UE's altitude is located above (or below) a predefined threshold altitude. For example, a carrier mapped to a high altitude (or low altitude) may be a carrier for which a HARQ feedback option is mapped as HARQ feedback enabled (or HARQ feedback disabled).

[0118] For example, Table 3 below may illustrate embodiments of setting different available carrier(s) based on altitude (for example, embodiments of the present disclosure may be carrier settings used by a UAV UE for multi-carrier operation with a base station, or sidelink carrier settings used by a UAV UE for sidelink multi-carrier operation with another UAV UE).

[0119] Altitude Available carrier setting 0~300m Available carrier setting "1" (e.g., carrier "A", carrier "B", carrier "C") 300~600m Available carrier setting "2" (e.g., carrier "D", carrier "E", carrier "F") 600~1500m Available carrier setting "3" (e.g., carrier "G", carrier "H", carrier "I") 1500~3000m Available carrier setting "4" (e.g., carrier "J", carrier "K", carrier "L")

[0120] That is, for example, a UAV UE can perform (Uu or sidelink) multi-carrier operation using available carrier(s) defined per altitude. In addition, for example, a CBR (channel busy ratio) threshold can be defined for use when selecting a carrier for the UE to use per altitude (e.g., the UAV UE measures a CBR value for available carrier(s) defined per altitude, and compares the measured CBR value for the carrier with this CBR threshold defined per altitude, and if the measured CBR value is less than the CBR threshold, the UAV UE can select the corresponding carrier (e.g., the carrier whose measured CBR value is less than the CBR threshold) to perform multi-carrier operation). That is, for example, the UAV UE can consider as usable carriers only those carriers whose measured CBR values ​​for available carriers per altitude are less than or equal to the CBR threshold set per altitude. That is, for example, a UAV UE may measure the CBR for carriers available at its altitude, and only consider carriers whose measured CBR values ​​are lower than a CBR threshold matching its altitude as carriers available at that altitude. For example, if there are multiple carriers whose measured CBR values ​​are lower than the CBR threshold among carriers available at each altitude, the UAV UE may (re-)select the carrier with the lowest measured CBR value as an available carrier (e.g., Uu carrier and / or SL carrier).

[0121] Additionally, for example, when a UAV UE operates in multi-carrier mode, the UAV UE may "enable" or "disable" PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) duplication (e.g., in a multi-carrier operation support environment, the UE may duplicate PDCP packets and transmit original and duplicated PDCP packets over multiple carriers) at different altitudes. For example, as in the following embodiment, PDCP duplication can be "enabled" or "disabled" or "both enabled and disabled" (e.g., both enabled and disabled are possible, and the terminal can implementally choose to do so), depending on the altitude, and the "enabled" or "disabled" of this PDCP duplication operation can be configured together with the configuration information of the carrier available for use depending on the altitude.

[0122] In addition, for example, since the higher the altitude, the better the channel environment may be compared to the lower altitude due to the guaranteed LOS, the PDCP duplication setting may be set to "disabled" (or enabled) at high altitudes (above a predefined threshold). In addition, since the lower the altitude, the better the channel environment may be compared to the higher altitude due to the not guaranteed LOS, the PDCP duplication setting may be set to "enabled" (or disabled) at low altitudes (below a predefined threshold).

[0123] For example, Table 4 below may illustrate embodiments that set whether to perform PDCP duplication per altitude (e.g., "enabled" or "disabled") (e.g., embodiments of the present disclosure may be carrier settings used by a UAV UE for multi-carrier operation with a base station. Or, embodiments of the present disclosure may be carrier settings used by a UAV UE for sidelink multi-carrier operation with another UAV UE.).

[0124] Advanced PDCP duplication settings 0~300mPDCP duplication "enabled", available carriers set to "1" (e.g., carrier "A", carrier "B", carrier "C") 300~600mPDCP duplication "enabled", available carriers set to "2" (e.g., carrier "D", carrier "E", carrier "F") 600~1500mPDCP duplication "both enabled and disabled", available carriers set to "3" (e.g., carrier "G", carrier "H", carrier "I") 1500~3000mPDCP duplication "disabled", available carriers set to "4" (e.g., carrier "J", carrier "K", carrier "L")

[0125] Alternatively, for example, in case of multi-carrier operation of a UAV UE, PDCP duplication (e.g., whether the terminal supports PDCP packet duplication (“enabled” or “disabled” or “both enabled and disabled”) for each (predetermined) movement path (e.g., movement path 1, movement path 2, etc.) of the UAV UE may be set.

[0126] FIG. 10 illustrates a carrier setting / selection operation based on the altitude of a UAV, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 10, UE 1 may be a device (e.g., a UAV, etc.) that supports multi-carrier (or carrier aggregation (CA)) operation. For example, if UE 1 is a device capable of three-dimensional movement, such as a UAV, UE 1 may determine the altitude at which it is located. In addition, for example, if information related to a plurality of altitude intervals is preset to UE 1, or UE 1 receives information related to a plurality of altitude intervals from a base station and / or another UE, UE 1 may determine an altitude interval to which UE 1 belongs among the plurality of altitude intervals based on its altitude. For example, an altitude interval included in the information related to the plurality of altitude intervals acquired by UE 1 (or preset to UE 1) may be determined based on a plurality of threshold altitudes (e.g., 300 m, 600 m, 1500 m, 3000 m, etc.) above the ground surface (or sea level) (e.g., 0 m). For example, UE 1 may obtain (or may be preset in UE 1) information related to the plurality of altitude intervals, including a first altitude interval (1010) from 0 m to 300 m, a second altitude interval (1020) from 300 m to 600 m, a third altitude interval (1030) from 600 m to 1500 m, and a fourth altitude interval (1040) from 1500 m to 3000 m. For example, since the closer to the ground surface there is, the more likely there is terrain or obstacles that interfere with wireless communication, the size (or interval) of the altitude intervals included in the plurality of altitude intervals may become larger as the altitude interval gets farther from the ground surface (or the higher the altitude interval). Or, for example, unlike FIG. 10, the sizes of the plurality of altitude intervals may be set to be constant.For example, in FIG. 10, UE 1 can determine its own altitude (1001), and determine the altitude range (the fourth altitude range (1040) in FIG. 10) in which UE 1 is located based on information related to the acquired plurality of altitude ranges and information related to UE 1's own altitude (1001). Meanwhile, for example, UE 1 can obtain information related to a plurality of carriers. In this case, for example, the information related to the plurality of carriers can include information related to at least one available carrier set for each of the plurality of altitude ranges. That is, for example, in FIG. 10, for convenience of explanation, only the carriers (Carrier C (1031), Carrier D (1032)) set for the third altitude section (1030) and the carriers (Carrier A (1041), Carrier B (1042)) set for the fourth altitude section (1040) are illustrated, but at least one carrier that can be used for each of the first altitude section (1010), the second altitude section (1020), the third altitude section (1030), and the fourth altitude section (1040) included in the information related to the plurality of altitude sections acquired by the UE 1 may be set. For example, in FIG. 10, for convenience of explanation, only the case where the same number of carriers is set for each altitude section is illustrated, but a different number of carriers may be set for each altitude section. That is, for example, the closer to the ground surface, the more likely there is terrain or obstacles that interfere with wireless communications. Therefore, the closer the altitude section is to the ground surface (or, the lower the altitude section is), the more available carriers can be set for that altitude section. Also, for example, the closer to the ground surface, the more likely there is terrain or obstacles that interfere with wireless communications. Therefore, the closer to the ground surface, the more likely there is HARQ feedback-based (re)transmission.In this case, for example, the closer the altitude section is to the ground surface (or the lower the altitude section), the more likely HARQ feedback associated with the available carrier in that altitude section will be activated. Also, for example, the closer the altitude section is to the ground surface, the more likely there is terrain or obstacles that interfere with wireless communication, and thus the closer the altitude section is to the ground surface, the more likely it is that repeated transmissions of data will be required. In this case, for example, the closer the altitude section is to the ground surface (or the lower the altitude section), the more likely PDCP duplication associated with the available carrier in that altitude section will be activated. For example, in FIG. 10, UE 1 may select a carrier to use among carrier A (1041) or carrier B (1042) based on the fact that its own altitude (1001) is within the fourth altitude section (1040). That is, for example, since the altitude of UE 1 is located outside the third altitude section (1030), UE 1 cannot select carrier C (1031) or carrier C (1032) set for the third altitude section (1030) at the current altitude (1001) of UE 1. On the other hand, for example, as described above, since the fourth altitude section (1040) is located at a higher altitude than the other altitude sections, HARQ feedback related to carrier A (1041) and carrier B (1042) set for the fourth altitude section may be deactivated. Or, for example, as described above, since the fourth altitude section (1040) is located at a higher altitude than the other altitude sections, PDCP replication related to carrier A (1041) and carrier B (1042) set for the fourth altitude section may be deactivated.For example, UE 1 may perform CBR measurements related to carrier A (1041) and CBR measurements related to carrier B (1042) for the fourth altitude section (1040), respectively. For example, UE 1 may compare a CBR measurement related to carrier A (1041) with a CBR measurement related to carrier B (1042) based on a CBR threshold set for the fourth altitude section (1040). For example, if the CBR measurement related to carrier A (1041) is less than the CBR threshold set for the fourth altitude section (1040) and the CBR measurement related to carrier B (1042) is greater than the CBR threshold set for the fourth altitude section (1040), UE 1 may select carrier A (1041) as the carrier to be used in the fourth altitude section (1040) (1002). Alternatively, for example, if both the CBR measurement associated with the carrier A (1041) and the CBR measurement associated with the carrier B (1042) are less than the CBR threshold set for the fourth altitude section (1040), UE 1 may select the carrier A (1041) as the carrier to be used in the fourth altitude section (1040) based on the CBR measurement associated with the carrier A (1041) being less than the CBR measurement associated with the carrier B (1042) (1002).

[0128] FIG. 11 illustrates a carrier setting / selection operation based on the altitude of a UAV according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0129] Referring to FIG. 11, UE 1 and UE 2 may be devices (e.g., UAVs, etc.) that support multi-carrier (or, carrier aggregation (CA)) operation.

[0130] In step S1110, if UE 1 is a device capable of three-dimensional movement such as a UAV, UE 1 can determine the altitude at which it is located. In step S1120, UE 1 can determine the altitude section at which UE 1 is located based on its altitude determined in step S1110 described above. In step S1130, UE 1 can perform CBR measurement for each of a plurality of carriers set for the altitude section at which UE 1 is located. In step S1140, UE 1 can compare CBR measurement values ​​for each of the plurality of carriers based on a CBR threshold set for the altitude section at which UE 1 is located. For example, if there is only one carrier associated with a CBR measurement value lower than the CBR threshold set for the altitude section at which UE 1 is located, UE 1 can select the corresponding carrier from among the plurality of carriers set for the altitude section at which UE 1 is located. Alternatively, for example, if there is one or more carriers associated with a CBR measurement value smaller than the CBR threshold set for the altitude section in which UE 1 itself is located, UE 1 may select a carrier having a smallest CBR measurement value among the carriers associated with a CBR measurement value smaller than the CBR threshold. In step S1150, UE 1 may transmit control information or data to UE 2 based on the carrier selected in step S1140 described above.

[0131] The term “channel” as specified in this disclosure may be replaced with “carrier” or “set of resource blocks (RBs) of a specific carrier” or “band”.

[0132] For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL-Channel Access Priority Class (CAPC). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL-LBT types (e.g., Type 1 LBT, Type 2A LBT, Type 2B LTB, Type 2C LBT). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether FBE (Frame Based LBT) is applied. For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or the relevant parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether LBE (Load Based LBT) is applied.

[0133] For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set resource pool-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set congestion level-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set service priority-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or their associated parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set service type-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for PQI (5QI (5G QoS identifier) ​​for PC5). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for traffic types (e.g., periodic generation or aperiodic generation). For example, whether (some) of the proposed schemes / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for SL transmission resource allocation modes (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2).For example, whether (some) of the proposed methods / rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or related parameters (e.g., thresholds) may be configured specifically (or differently or independently) for a Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports sidelink DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating that the service does not need to support sidelink DRX operation).

[0134] For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether the Uu bandwidth part is activated / deactivated. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether the sidelink bandwidth part is activated / deactivated. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether the sidelink logical channel / logical channel group (or Uu logical channel or Uu logical channel group) is activated. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on initial transmission resource selection. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for retransmission resource selection. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether PUCCH configuration is supported (e.g., when PUCCH resources are configured or when PUCCH resources are not configured). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a resource pool (e.g., a resource pool where PSFCH is configured or a resource pool where PSFCH is not configured). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a type of service / packet.For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for the priority of the service / packet. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a QoS profile or QoS requirement (e.g., URLLC / EMBB traffic, reliability, latency). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a PQI. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a PFI. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a (resource pool) congestion level (e.g., CBR). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a SL HARQ feedback scheme (e.g., NACK-only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for HARQ Feedback Enabled MAC PDU transmission. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for HARQ Feedback Disabled MAC PDU transmission.For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether a PUCCH-based SL HARQ feedback reporting operation is set. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether pre-emption or pre-emption-based resource reselection is performed. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether re-evaluation or re-evaluation-based resource reselection is performed. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on (L2 or L1) (source and / or destination) identifiers. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set identifier-specifically (or differently or independently) for (L2 or L1) (a combination of source ID and destination ID). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set identifier-specifically (or differently or independently) for (L2 or L1) (a combination of a pair of source ID and destination ID and a cast type). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set direction-specifically (or differently or independently) for a pair of source layer ID and destination layer ID. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure applies and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set PC5 RRC connection / link-specifically (or differently or independently).For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure is applicable and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether SL DRX is performed. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure is applicable and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on whether SL DRX is supported. For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure is applicable and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on the SL mode type (e.g., resource allocation mode 1 or resource allocation mode 2). For example, whether the proposed rule of the present disclosure is applicable and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be specifically (or differently or independently) set depending on the case of performing (aperiodic) resource reservation. For example, whether the proposed rules of the present disclosure are applicable and / or the related parameter setting values ​​can be set specifically (or differently or independently) for a Tx profile (e.g., a Tx profile indicating that the service supports sidelink DRX operation or a Tx profile indicating that the service does not need to support sidelink DRX operation).

[0135] The applicability of the proposals and proposed rules of the present disclosure (and / or the associated parameter settings) may also be applied to mmWave SL operation.

[0136] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one carrier that can be used for each of a plurality of altitude sections can be set, and a terminal that has obtained the corresponding configuration information (e.g., configuration information related to a plurality of carriers, or configuration information related to at least one carrier set for each of a plurality of altitude sections) can select a carrier from among at least one carrier set for the altitude section associated with the altitude at which it is located. In this case, for example, the terminal can select an available carrier by monitoring only the carrier set for the altitude section at which it is located, thereby reducing the system load of the terminal and enabling efficient use of power. Alternatively, for example, by defining carriers that can be used for each altitude section at which terminals are located, the efficiency related to the use of frequency resources can be increased. In addition, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the higher the altitude of the terminal, the higher the probability that HARQ feedback and / or PDCP replication related to the carrier set for the altitude section associated with the corresponding altitude will be disabled. In this case, for example, the higher the altitude at which LOS is guaranteed, the less the need to perform HARQ feedback-based communication operations and / or PDCP replication-based communication operations, so unnecessary power consumption due to the activation of such operations can be further reduced.

[0137] FIG. 12 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the first device can obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers. In step S1220, the first device can determine the altitude of the first device. In step S1230, the first device can select a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among the plurality of altitude ranges.

[0139] For example, based on the altitude of the first device being within the first altitude range among the plurality of altitude ranges, the first carrier set for the altitude range of the first device among the plurality of carriers may be selected.

[0140] For example, the configuration information related to the plurality of carriers may include information related to at least one carrier set for each of the plurality of altitude sections.

[0141] For example, the first carrier set for the first altitude section among the plurality of altitude sections may be different from the second carrier set for the second altitude section other than the first altitude section.

[0142] For example, the higher the altitude of the first device, the higher the probability that the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback associated with the first carrier set for the first altitude interval associated with the altitude of the first device will be disabled.

[0143] For example, the first carrier may be selected from among at least one carrier set for the first altitude section based on a CBR (channel busy ratio) measurement value associated with the first carrier being less than or equal to a CBR threshold value set for the first altitude section. For example, the first carrier may be selected based on a CBR measurement value associated with the first carrier having a smallest CBR measurement value among the at least one carrier-specific CBR measurements that are less than or equal to the CBR threshold.

[0144] For example, the configuration information related to the plurality of carriers may include information related to whether packet duplication is enabled for at least one carrier set for each of the plurality of altitude sections.

[0145] For example, the higher the altitude of the first device, the higher the probability that packet replication associated with the first carrier set for the first altitude interval associated with the altitude of the first device will be disabled.

[0146] Additionally, for example, the first device may determine a path of the first device within the first altitude interval associated with the altitude of the first device. For example, based on the altitude of the first device and the path of the first device, the first carrier among the plurality of carriers may be selected. For example, the fewer obstacles there are in the path of the first device, the higher the probability that packet replication associated with the first carrier configured for the first altitude interval will be disabled.

[0147] For example, the higher the altitude of the first device, the larger the size of the first altitude interval related to the altitude of the first device may be.

[0148] For example, a transmission based on the first carrier may be performed from the first device to the second device based on the second device being within the first altitude interval relative to the altitude of the first device.

[0149] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can control the transceiver (106) to obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers. In addition, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can determine the altitude of the first device. In addition, the processor (102) of the first device (100) can select a first carrier among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier can be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among the plurality of altitude ranges.

[0150] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range from among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0151] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range from among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0152] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; determine an altitude of the first device; and select a first carrier from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0153] FIG. 13 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0154] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, the second device may obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers. In step S1320, the second device may perform reception from the first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range related to the altitude of the first device among the plurality of altitude ranges.

[0155] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers. Then, the processor (202) of the second device (200) can control the transceiver (206) to perform reception from the first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers. For example, the first carrier can be a carrier set for a first altitude range related to the altitude of the first device among the plurality of altitude ranges.

[0156] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device configured to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: obtain configuration information related to a plurality of carriers; and perform reception from a first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among a plurality of altitude ranges, the first carrier being associated with an altitude of the first device.

[0157] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to: obtain configuration information associated with a plurality of carriers; and perform reception from the first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range associated with the altitude of the first device among a plurality of altitude ranges.

[0158] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a second device to: obtain configuration information associated with a plurality of carriers; and perform reception from a first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers. For example, the first carrier may be a carrier configured for a first altitude range among a plurality of altitude ranges, the first carrier being associated with the altitude of the first device.

[0159] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0160] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0161] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0162] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0163] FIG. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0164] Referring to FIG. 14, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0165] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0166] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0167] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0168] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0169] Referring to FIG. 15, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 14.

[0170] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0171] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0172] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0173] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0174] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0175] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0176] FIG. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0177] Referring to FIG. 16, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 16 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. The hardware elements of FIG. 16 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15.

[0178] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 16. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0179] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0180] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0181] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 16. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 15) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0182] Figure 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 14). The embodiment of Figure 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 17, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 15 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 15. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 15. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0184] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 14, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 14, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 14, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 14, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 14, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 14, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 14, 400), a base station (Fig. 14, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0185] In FIG. 17, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0186] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 17 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0187] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 18, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 17, respectively.

[0189] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0190] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0191] FIG. 19 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned or unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0192] Referring to FIG. 19, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 17, respectively.

[0193] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0194] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0195] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method for performing wireless communication by a first device, A step of obtaining configuration information related to multiple carriers; a step of determining the altitude of the first device; and A step of selecting a first carrier among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device; A method wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section among a plurality of altitude sections.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein, based on the altitude of the first device being within the first altitude range among the plurality of altitude ranges, the first carrier set for the altitude range of the first device is selected among the plurality of carriers.

3. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the setting information related to the plurality of carriers includes information related to at least one carrier set for each of the plurality of altitude sections.

4. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first carrier set for the first altitude section among the plurality of altitude sections is different from the second carrier set for the second altitude section other than the first altitude section.

5. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the higher the altitude of the first device, the higher the probability that the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback associated with the first carrier set for the first altitude section associated with the altitude of the first device is disabled.

6. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the first carrier is selected from among at least one carrier set for the first altitude section based on a CBR (channel busy ratio) measurement value associated with the first carrier being less than or equal to a CBR threshold set for the first altitude section.

7. In paragraph 6, A method in which the first carrier is selected based on the smallest CBR measurement value associated with the first carrier among the at least one carrier-specific CBR measurement value that is less than or equal to the CBR threshold.

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the configuration information related to the plurality of carriers includes information related to whether packet duplication is enabled for at least one carrier set for each of the plurality of altitude sections.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the higher the altitude of the first device, the higher the probability that packet replication associated with the first carrier set for the first altitude section associated with the altitude of the first device is disabled.

10. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of determining a path of the first device within the first altitude section related to the altitude of the first device; A method wherein the first carrier is selected from among the plurality of carriers based on the altitude of the first device and the path of the first device.

11. In paragraph 10, A method wherein the fewer obstacles there are in the path of the first device, the higher the probability that packet replication associated with the first carrier set for the first altitude section is disabled.

12. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the higher the altitude of the first device, the larger the size of the first altitude interval related to the altitude of the first device.

13. In paragraph 1, A method wherein transmission based on the first carrier is performed from the first device to the second device based on the second device being within the first altitude interval relative to the altitude of the first device.

14. In a first device configured to perform wireless communication, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Obtain configuration information related to multiple carriers; determine the altitude of the first device; and Based on the altitude of the first device, a first carrier is selected from among the plurality of carriers. A first device, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section among a plurality of altitude sections.

15. In a processing device set to control the first device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said first device causes: Obtain configuration information related to multiple carriers; determine the altitude of the first device; and Based on the altitude of the first device, a first carrier is selected from among the plurality of carriers. A processing device, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section among a plurality of altitude sections.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the first device to: Obtain configuration information related to multiple carriers; determine the altitude of the first device; and Based on the altitude of the first device, a first carrier is selected from among the plurality of carriers. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section among a plurality of altitude sections.

17. In a method for performing wireless communication by a second device, A step of obtaining configuration information related to multiple carriers; and A step of performing reception from a first device based on a first carrier among the plurality of carriers; including; A method wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section related to the altitude of the first device among a plurality of altitude sections.

18. In a second device configured to perform wireless communication, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Obtaining configuration information related to multiple carriers; and Perform reception from the first device based on the first carrier among the above multiple carriers, A second device, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section related to the altitude of the first device among a plurality of altitude sections.

19. In a processing device set to control a second device, at least one processor; and At least one memory connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions, said instructions being executed by said at least one processor, wherein said second device causes: Obtaining configuration information related to multiple carriers; and Perform reception from the first device based on the first carrier among the above multiple carriers, A processing device, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section related to the altitude of the first device among a plurality of altitude sections.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above commands, when executed, cause the second device to: Obtaining configuration information related to multiple carriers; and Perform reception from the first device based on the first carrier among the above multiple carriers, A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the first carrier is a carrier set for a first altitude section related to the altitude of the first device among a plurality of altitude sections.

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