Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are a communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: on the basis of a modulation order used by a data signal, determining a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal, wherein the reference signal sequence is used for obtaining a reference signal; and sending the reference signal. In the method, a reference signal sequence corresponding to a reference signal can be determined on the basis of a modulation order, so as to improve the accuracy for estimating a nonlinear parameter of a data signal.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202311103199.6 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 29, 2023, and priority to the Chinese patent application with the invention name “A Communication Method and Device”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Art

[0003] The existing next-generation wireless communication system (new radio, NR) protocol supports modulation up to 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) in the downlink and 256QAM in the uplink. For 1024QAM and 256QAM, each modulation symbol can carry a maximum of 10 bits and 8 bits, respectively. Further increasing the modulation order is an effective means of improving spectrum efficiency and peak rate. For example, the downlink supports modulation orders of 4096QAM and above, and the uplink supports modulation orders of 1024QAM and above.

[0004] Typically, non-ideal factors in transmitting devices (such as nonlinear distortion in the power amplifier) ​​can lead to increased error vector magnitude (EVM), thus affecting modulation performance. In this case, the receiving end can use a reference signal to estimate the nonlinear parameters of the data signal corresponding to the reference signal and then perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal. The question of which reference signal to send to ensure more accurate estimation and compensation of nonlinear parameters remains unresolved.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application disclose a communication method and apparatus, which can determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to a reference signal based on a modulation order, so as to improve the accuracy of estimating nonlinear parameters of a data signal.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a communication method, applied to a sending end, which may include:

[0008] Determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to obtain the reference signal;

[0009] Send a reference signal to the receiving end.

[0010] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting end may determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the reference signal based on the modulation order, thereby improving the accuracy of estimating the nonlinear parameters of the data signal through the reference signal.

[0011] The embodiments of the present application take into account that different PAPR requirements for reference signals are different in different scenarios (i.e., scenarios with different modulation orders). Therefore, using different reference signal sequences according to scenario changes is beneficial to improving the performance of the reference signal.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, in high-order modulation (ie, the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold), the PAPR of the data signal and the reference signal are ensured to be the same, which helps the receiving end to better estimate and compensate for the signal distortion caused by nonlinearity.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, since the PAPR of the reference signal corresponding to the frequency domain sequence (such as the ZC sequence and CGS) is low, when nonlinear compensation is not performed, the lower the PAPR of the reference signal, the smaller the distortion caused by nonlinearity, which can improve the quality of the reference signal.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0018] Based on the modulation method used by the data signal, the scrambling code sequence is modulated to obtain a time domain sequence;

[0019] Perform discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence to obtain the frequency domain sequence;

[0020] The frequency domain sequence is mapped to the subcarrier to obtain a reference signal.

[0021] In this method, the generation process of the reference signal and the data signal is the same. Therefore, the PAPR of the reference signal and the data signal are the same, which is beneficial for the receiving end to better estimate the nonlinear parameters.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, determining a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal includes:

[0023] When performing nonlinear compensation on a data signal at the receiving end, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0024] In a possible implementation, when the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal and the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, when nonlinear compensation is performed and the data signal uses high-order modulation (for example, 1024QAM), the time domain sequence of the high-order modulation can be used as a reference signal, ensuring that the PAPR of the data signal is the same as that of the reference signal, which is conducive to estimating the nonlinear parameters through the reference signal.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0027] When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, since the PAPR of the reference signal corresponding to the frequency domain sequence (such as the ZC sequence and CGS) is low, when nonlinear compensation is not performed, the lower the PAPR of the reference signal, the smaller the distortion caused by nonlinearity, which can improve the quality of the reference signal.

[0029] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, when the power amplifier nonlinearity compensation (i.e., PA nonlinearity compensation) is not performed, the lower the reference signal PAPR, the smaller the distortion caused by PA nonlinearity, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the reference signal, and therefore a low PAPR sequence is used.

[0031] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the DFT-S-OFDM waveform can effectively reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the signal, thereby providing a wider coverage range.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application discloses a communication method, applied to a receiving end, which may include:

[0035] receiving a reference signal from a transmitting end;

[0036] A reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to process the reference signal.

[0037] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0038] In combination with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0039] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the reference signal is obtained by mapping the frequency domain sequence to the subcarrier, the frequency domain sequence is obtained by performing a discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence, and the time domain sequence is obtained by modulating the scrambling code sequence based on the modulation method used by the data signal.

[0041] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, determining a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal includes:

[0042] When performing nonlinear compensation on a data signal at the receiving end, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0044] When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0046] In conjunction with the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0047] In conjunction with the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present application discloses a communication device, which may include:

[0049] a determination unit, configured to determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to obtain a reference signal;

[0050] The sending unit is configured to send a reference signal.

[0051] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0052] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0053] In conjunction with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0054] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a modulation unit, where the modulation unit is configured to:

[0055] Based on the modulation method used by the data signal, the scrambling code sequence is modulated to obtain a time domain sequence;

[0056] Perform discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence to obtain the frequency domain sequence;

[0057] The frequency domain sequence is mapped to the subcarrier to obtain a reference signal.

[0058] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is specifically configured to:

[0059] When performing nonlinear compensation on a data signal at the receiving end, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the receiving end is a device that receives parameter signals.

[0060] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to:

[0061] When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0062] In conjunction with the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0063] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0064] In combination with the third aspect, in a possible implementation, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0065] In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a communication device, which may include:

[0066] a receiving unit, configured to receive a reference signal;

[0067] The determination unit is used to determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to process the reference signal.

[0068] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0069] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0070] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0071] In combination with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the reference signal is obtained by mapping the frequency domain sequence to the subcarrier, the frequency domain sequence is obtained by performing a discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence, and the time domain sequence is obtained by modulating the scrambling code sequence based on the modulation method used by the data signal.

[0072] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is specifically configured to:

[0073] When the communication device performs nonlinear compensation on a data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to a modulation order used by the data signal.

[0074] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the determining unit is further configured to:

[0075] When the communication device does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0076] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0077] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0078] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0079] In a fifth aspect, the present application discloses a communication device, which may be the transmitting end in the above-mentioned method embodiment, or a chip or processor disposed in the transmitting end. The communication device includes a processor coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the communication device executes the method executed by the transmitting end, or the chip or processor in the transmitting end, in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0080] In a sixth aspect, the present application discloses a communication device, which may be the receiving end in the above-described method embodiments, or a chip or processor disposed in the receiving end. The communication device includes a processor coupled to a memory for storing programs or instructions. When the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the communication device executes the method executed by the receiving end, or the chip or processor in the receiving end, in the above-described method embodiments.

[0081] In a seventh aspect, the present application discloses a communication system, which may include a transmitting end that executes a communication method disclosed in the first aspect above and a receiving end that executes a communication method disclosed in the second aspect above.

[0082] In an eighth aspect, the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or computer instructions stored thereon. When the computer program or computer instructions are executed by a processor, a communication method disclosed in the above aspects is implemented.

[0083] In a ninth aspect, the present application discloses a chip, comprising a processor for executing a program stored in a memory, so that when the program is executed, the chip executes the above method.

[0084] As a possible implementation, the memory is located outside the chip.

[0085] In a tenth aspect, the present application discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program code. When the computer program code is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned communication method is executed.

[0086] The beneficial effects of the fifth to tenth aspects are similar to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods in the first aspect, and detailed descriptions can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0087] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG2 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a process for generating a reference signal based on a time domain sequence according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] The embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0095] The terms used in the implementation section of this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0096] First, the following definitions of technical terms that may appear in the embodiments of this application are given:

[0097] (1) Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)

[0098] EVM is a parameter that characterizes the error in transmitted signals (i.e., the difference between the actual transmitted signal and the ideal transmitted signal). A higher EVM indicates a greater error in the transmitted signal, which in turn has a greater impact on performance. Typically, non-ideal device factors, such as nonlinear distortion in a power amplifier (PA), can lead to increased EVM. Higher modulation orders (also known as high-order modulation) require higher signal quality, and excessively high EVM can severely impact performance.

[0099] (2) Data Signal and Reference Signal (RS)

[0100] Signals transmitted in wireless communication systems can be divided into data signals and reference signals. Data signals are the practical information actually transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver, while reference signals are information known to both the transmitter and the receiver and used for channel estimation.

[0101] It should be noted that the data signal can also be referred to as data.

[0102] (3) Single carrier waveform

[0103] Single-carrier waveforms include Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and single carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM).

[0104] For example, NR supports cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) waveforms and DFT-s-OFDM. Compared to OFDM waveforms, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms can effectively reduce the PAPR of the signal, thus providing wider coverage.

[0105] The existing protocol stipulates that when the data signal waveform used is DFT-S-OFDM, the reference signal uses the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence or the computer-generated sequence (CGS). When the sequence length is greater than or equal to 30, the ZC sequence is used, and when it is less than 30, the CGS sequence is used. These two sequences have a low PAPR of approximately 6 decibels (dB).

[0106] Taking the ZC sequence as an example, the reference signal corresponding to the ZC sequence is generated as follows:

[0107] Step S1: Determine the length M of the sequence according to the scheduled bandwidth zc , determine the group number and sequence number based on the configuration parameters.

[0108] Step S2: Set the sequence length M zc , group number u, and serial number v are entered into the formula to generate a sequence to obtain the generated sequence.

[0109] in, u is the group number, v is the sequence number, N zc is less than M zc The largest prime number

[0110] Step S3: Map the generated sequence to the subcarrier to generate a reference signal.

[0111] In the above technical solution, the PAPR of the DFT-S-OFDM waveform will increase with the increase of the modulation order. For example, when QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation is used, the PAPR is about 6dB, which is close to the PAPR of the existing reference signal. However, when the modulation order is higher, the PAPR of the data signal will be much higher than the PAPR of the reference signal generated by the above solution. For example, when 1024QAM is used, the PAPR of the data signal is about 9dB, which is more than 3dB higher than the PAPR of the existing reference signal.

[0112] In high-order modulation, estimating and compensating for non-ideal factors (such as PA nonlinearity) at the receiver is an effective means of reducing EVM. This process involves estimating the parameters of these non-ideal factors using a reference signal and then performing an inverse transform on the received signal to reduce EVM. Because the PAPR of the reference signal is much lower than that of the data signal, the data signal and the reference signal experience different levels of nonlinear distortion. Therefore, the data signal's PA nonlinearity parameters cannot be accurately estimated from the reference signal, resulting in an inability to accurately compensate for the signal distortion caused by PA nonlinearity.

[0113] In the above scheme, when the waveform is single-carrier (such as DFT-S-OFDM waveform) and the modulation order is high, the PAPR of the reference signal is lower than that of the data signal, resulting in the inability to accurately estimate the nonlinear parameters of the data signal (such as PA nonlinear parameters) through the reference signal.

[0114] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to a reference signal based on a modulation order, so as to improve the accuracy of estimating nonlinear parameters of a data signal.

[0115] Based on the above, in order to better understand the communication method and related devices proposed in this application, the network architecture applied in the embodiment of this application is described below.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the network architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0117] As shown in Figure 1, the network architecture may include a network device 101 and a terminal device 102. When the network device 101 is a transmitter (i.e., a sender), the terminal device 102 is a receiver (receiver); when the terminal device 102 is a transmitter (i.e., a sender), the network device 101 is a receiver (receiver).

[0118] The terminal device 102 may be connected to the network device 101 in a wireless manner and may be connected to the core network through the network device 101. The terminal device 102 may be fixed or mobile.

[0119] The network device 101 may be an entity for transmitting or receiving signals, or may be a device for communicating with the terminal device 102. The network device may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, or a base station (NodeB, NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device may be a relay station, an access point, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a network device in a 5G network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The network device may be a device in a wireless network, such as a radio access network (RAN) node that connects the terminal device 102 to the wireless network. Currently, some examples of RAN nodes include base stations, next-generation base stations (gNBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), evolved Node Bs (eNBs), home base stations, baseband units (BBUs), or access points (APs) in Wi-Fi systems. In one network architecture, network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes, distributed unit (DU) nodes, or RAN equipment including CU nodes and DU nodes. In an O-RAN system, the CU may also be referred to as an O-CU, and the DU may also be referred to as an O-DU.

[0120] The terminal device 102 is an entity on the user side for receiving or transmitting signals, and is mainly used to realize the function of wireless communication with the network device 101.

[0121] For example, terminal device 102 can be an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. The terminal device 102 may also be a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), a terminal device in a 5G network, or a future-evolved public land mobile communication network. The terminal device 102 may be a terminal device in a wireless network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. The terminal device 102 may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted, or may be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.), or may be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.). In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device 102 may be a legacy UE, or may be an RB-level partial frequency hopping (RPFS) UE that supports SRS coverage and capacity enhancement, or may be other UEs. The present application does not limit the type of the terminal device 102. Among them, legacy UE refers to user equipment that supports existing mechanisms, for example, user equipment that supports release-15 and release-16.

[0122] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device 102 or the network device 101 includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also known as main memory). The operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as a Linux operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or a Windows operating system. The application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. As long as it is possible to communicate according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application by running a program that records the code of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be the terminal device 102 or the network device 101, or it can be a functional module in the terminal device 102 or the network device 101 that can call and execute a program.

[0123] It should be noted that the number and type of terminal devices 102 included in the network architecture shown in Figure 1 are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For example, more or fewer terminal devices 102 communicating with the network device 101 may be included. For the sake of simplicity, they are not described one by one in the accompanying drawings.

[0124] In addition, in the network architecture shown in Figure 1, although the network device 101 and the terminal device 102 are shown, the application scenario may not be limited to including the network device 101 and the terminal device 102. For example, it may also include a core network device or a device for carrying virtualized network functions, etc., wherein the core network device communicates through the network device 101 and the terminal device 102.

[0125] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: global system of mobile communication (GSM) system, code division multiple access (CDMA) system, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, general packet radio service (GPRS), long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR) and future communication systems, etc., without limitation here.

[0126] In combination with the above-mentioned network architecture, a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is described below.

[0127] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The functions performed by the transmitting end in this embodiment can also be performed by a module (e.g., a chip) in the transmitting end, and the functions performed by the receiving end in this application can also be performed by a module (e.g., a chip) in the receiving end.

[0128] As shown in FIG2 , the communication method may include the following steps:

[0129] Step S201: The transmitting end determines a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to obtain a reference signal.

[0130] In some embodiments, the transmitting end may determine the reference signal sequence based on the modulation order used by the data signal and a preset threshold.

[0131] In one implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence may be a frequency domain sequence, wherein the reference signal sequence being a frequency domain sequence means that after determining the reference signal sequence, it is directly mapped to a subcarrier to generate a reference signal.

[0132] Exemplarily, the frequency domain sequence may be a ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0133] In another implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence may be a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal. The reference signal sequence being a time domain sequence means that after determining the reference signal sequence, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is first performed, and then mapped to the subcarrier to generate a reference signal. It should be noted that, during the implementation process, the transmitting end may also directly generate the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after performing DFT, or obtain the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after performing DFT by reading the storage, and then map it to the subcarrier to generate a reference signal, without generating the time domain sequence, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0134] In some other embodiments of the present application, the transmitting end may determine the reference signal sequence based on the nonlinear compensation performed on the data signal by the receiving end and the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0135] In one implementation, when the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, the transmitting end may determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal based on the modulation order used by the data signal. For example, when the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, if the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence may be a time domain sequence; if the modulation order is less than the preset threshold, the reference signal sequence may be a frequency domain sequence.

[0136] In another implementation, the transmitting end may determine that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence, such as a ZC sequence or a CGS sequence, when the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal.

[0137] Exemplarily, the above nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0138] Exemplarily, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform. For example, the single-carrier waveform used by the data signal is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM).

[0139] Step S202: The transmitting end sends a reference signal to the receiving end.

[0140] Correspondingly, the receiving end receives the reference signal from the transmitting end.

[0141] In some embodiments, after obtaining the reference signal sequence, the transmitting end generates a reference signal based on the reference signal sequence.

[0142] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for the transmitter to generate the reference signal based on the frequency domain sequence. For example, refer to the above steps S1 to S3 for generating the reference signal corresponding to the ZC sequence.

[0143] The following describes a specific implementation for determining a reference signal based on a time-domain sequence when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold: First, the transmitter modulates the scrambling code sequence based on the modulation scheme used by the data signal to obtain a time-domain sequence. Furthermore, the time-domain sequence undergoes a discrete Fourier transform to obtain a frequency-domain sequence. The frequency-domain sequence is mapped onto subcarriers to obtain a reference signal. The waveform used by the data signal and the reference signal is the same.

[0144] It should be noted that, during the implementation process, the transmitting end may also directly generate the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after DFT, or obtain the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after DFT by reading the storage, and then map it to the subcarrier to generate a reference signal. There is no need to generate the time domain sequence, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0145] Step S203: The receiving end determines a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to process the reference signal.

[0146] In some embodiments, the receiving end may determine the reference signal sequence based on the modulation order used by the data signal and a preset threshold. It should be noted that the rule for determining the reference signal sequence by the receiving end is the same as the rule for determining the reference signal sequence by the transmitting end.

[0147] In one implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0148] In another implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence. Exemplarily, the frequency domain sequence can be a ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0149] Optionally, the reference signal is obtained by mapping a frequency domain sequence onto a subcarrier, the frequency domain sequence is obtained by performing discrete Fourier transform on a time domain sequence, and the time domain sequence is obtained by modulating a scrambling code sequence based on a modulation method used by a data signal.

[0150] In some other embodiments, the receiving end may determine the reference signal sequence based on the nonlinear compensation performed on the data signal by the receiving end and the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0151] For example, when the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0152] For another example, when the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is the frequency domain sequence.

[0153] Optionally, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0154] Optionally, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0155] Optionally, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform. For example, the single-carrier waveform used by the data signal is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM).

[0156] In some other embodiments of the present application, the receiving end determines a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal; processes the reference signal based on the reference signal sequence;

[0157] For example, the receiving end first estimates the channel coefficients based on the reference signal sequence and the received reference signal, then reconstructs the reference signal based on the channel coefficients and the reference signal sequence, and estimates the nonlinear parameters of the data signal based on the reconstructed reference signal and the received reference signal, thereby performing nonlinear compensation on the data signal. It should be noted that the receiving end may also use other methods to process the reference signal, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0158] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below by taking nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier (PA nonlinear compensation) as an example.

[0159] Embodiment 1: The reference signal sequence to be used is determined according to the modulation order of the data signal and whether the receiving end performs PA nonlinear compensation.

[0160] When the data signal uses a single-carrier waveform, the reference signal sequence used is determined according to the modulation order of the data signal and whether the receiving end performs PA nonlinear compensation.

[0161] First, based on whether the receiving end performs PA nonlinear compensation, it is divided into the following first and second implementations.

[0162] The first implementation: When the receiving end does not perform PA nonlinearity compensation, the reference signal uses a low PAPR ZC sequence or CGS sequence regardless of the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0163] The second implementation: When the receiving end performs PA nonlinear compensation, it is divided into Case 1 and Case 2 based on the relationship between the modulation order and the preset threshold.

[0164] Case 1: If the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal uses a low PAPR ZC sequence or CGS sequence. For example, the preset threshold may be 1024QAM. In this case, when the modulation order is less than 1024QAM, the reference signal uses a low PAPR ZC sequence or CGS sequence.

[0165] Case 2: If the modulation order is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the reference signal uses a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used in the time domain sequence is the same as that of the data signal. For example, the preset threshold may be 1024QAM. In this case, when the modulation order is not less than 1024QAM, the reference signal uses a time domain sequence.

[0166] FIG3 exemplarily shows a process of generating a reference signal based on a time domain sequence. The specific steps may be as follows:

[0167] S301: Generate a binary scrambling sequence.

[0168] For example, a pseudo-random sequence in the NR protocol may be used as a scrambling sequence, and its generation method may be as shown in S3011 and S3012 below:

[0169] S3011: Determine the scrambling code sequence initialization value c init The initialization value can be determined according to the configured scrambling code ID and the time domain position index where the reference signal is located.

[0170] S3012: Substitute the initialization value into the following formula to obtain the scrambling code sequence c(n): c(n)=(x1(n+N C )+x2(n+N C ))mod 2

[0171] x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod 2

[0172] x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod 2

[0173] Among them, N C =1600, x1(0)=1, x1(n)=0, n=1,2,...,30,

[0174] S302: Modulate the scrambling code sequence to obtain a modulated sequence, using the same modulation method as the data signal.

[0175] The modulated sequence is the above-mentioned time domain sequence.

[0176] S303: Perform DFT on the sequence obtained after modulation to obtain a frequency domain sequence.

[0177] Here, DFT is the abbreviation of Discrete Fourier Transform.

[0178] S304: Map the frequency domain sequence to the subcarrier to obtain a reference signal.

[0179] The subcarrier is a single-carrier waveform, and the waveform of the subcarrier is the same as the waveform used by the data signal.

[0180] In an embodiment of the present application, when the receiving end performs PA nonlinear compensation and the modulation order is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the modulation method of the reference signal is the same as that of the data signal; and a time domain sequence is used, that is, the sequence obtained after modulation is not directly mapped to the subcarrier, but DFT is first performed to obtain a frequency domain sequence, and then mapped to the subcarrier.

[0181] It should be noted that, during the implementation process, the transmitting end may also directly generate the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after DFT, or obtain the sequence corresponding to the time domain sequence after DFT by reading the storage, and then map it to the subcarrier to generate a reference signal. There is no need to generate the time domain sequence, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0182] In this method, when PA nonlinearity compensation is performed at the receiving end and the modulation order is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the generation process of the reference signal and the data signal is the same. Therefore, the PAPR of the reference signal and the data signal are the same, which is conducive to the receiving end to better estimate the nonlinear parameters.

[0183] Embodiment 2: The reference signal sequence to be used is determined according to the modulation order of the data signal and a preset threshold.

[0184] (1) If the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal uses a low PAPR ZC sequence or CGS sequence. For example, the preset threshold may be 1024QAM. In this case, when the modulation order is less than 1024QAM, the reference signal uses a low PAPR ZC sequence or CGS sequence.

[0185] (2) If the modulation order is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the reference signal uses a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used in the time domain sequence is the same as that of the data signal. For example, the preset threshold may be 1024QAM. In this case, when the modulation order is not less than 1024QAM, the reference signal uses a time domain sequence.

[0186] The specific process of generating the reference signal based on the time domain sequence can be found in the relevant description of FIG3 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0187] In an embodiment of the present application, when the modulation order at the receiving end is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the modulation method of the reference signal is the same as that of the data signal; and a time domain sequence is used, that is, the sequence obtained after modulation is not directly mapped to the subcarrier, but DFT is first performed to obtain a frequency domain sequence, and then mapped to the subcarrier.

[0188] In this method, when the modulation order is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the generation process of the reference signal and the data signal is the same. Therefore, the PAPR of the reference signal and the data signal are the same, which is conducive to better estimation of nonlinear parameters at the receiving end.

[0189] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device can be a transmitting end or a module (e.g., a chip) in the transmitting end. As shown in Figure 4, the device 400 includes at least: a determining unit 401 and a sending unit 402; wherein:

[0190] A determination unit 401 is configured to determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to obtain a reference signal;

[0191] The sending unit 402 is configured to send a reference signal.

[0192] In a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0193] In a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0194] In a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0195] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a modulation unit 403, and the modulation unit 403 is configured to:

[0196] Based on the modulation method used by the data signal, the scrambling code sequence is modulated to obtain a time domain sequence;

[0197] Perform discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence to obtain the frequency domain sequence;

[0198] The frequency domain sequence is mapped to the subcarrier to obtain a reference signal.

[0199] In a possible implementation, the determining unit 401 is specifically configured to:

[0200] When performing nonlinear compensation on a data signal at the receiving end, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal; the receiving end is a device that receives parameter signals.

[0201] In a possible implementation, the determining unit 401 is further configured to:

[0202] When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0203] In a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0204] In a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0205] In one possible implementation, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0206] For a more detailed description of the above-mentioned determination unit 401, sending unit 402 and modulation unit 403, reference may be made to the relevant description of the sending end in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device can be a receiving end or a module (e.g., a chip) in the receiving end. As shown in Figure 5, the device 500 includes at least: a receiving unit 501 and a determining unit 502; wherein:

[0208] The receiving unit 501 is configured to receive a reference signal;

[0209] The determining unit 502 is configured to determine a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal according to a modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to process the reference signal.

[0210] In a possible implementation, when the modulation order is not less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0211] In a possible implementation, when the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

[0212] In a possible implementation, the frequency domain sequence is a Zadows-ZC sequence or a computer-generated sequence CGS.

[0213] In a possible implementation, the reference signal is obtained by mapping a frequency domain sequence onto a subcarrier, the frequency domain sequence is obtained by discrete Fourier transforming a time domain sequence, and the time domain sequence is obtained by modulating a scrambling code sequence based on a modulation method used by a data signal.

[0214] In a possible implementation, the receiving unit 501 is specifically configured to:

[0215] When the communication device performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to the modulation order used by the data signal.

[0216] In a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit 501 is further configured to:

[0217] When the communication device does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is a frequency domain sequence.

[0218] In a possible implementation manner, the nonlinear compensation is nonlinear compensation for a power amplifier.

[0219] In a possible implementation manner, the waveform used by the data signal is a single-carrier waveform.

[0220] In one possible implementation, the single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

[0221] For a more detailed description of the receiving unit 501 and the determining unit 502 , reference may be made to the relevant description of the receiving end in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0222] Based on the above network architecture, please refer to Figure 6, which is a structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the communication device may include a processor 601, a memory 602, a transceiver 603 and a bus 604. The memory 602 may exist independently and may be connected to the processor 601 via the bus 604. The memory 602 may also be integrated with the processor 601. Among them, the bus 604 is used to realize the connection between these components. In one case, as shown in Figure 6, the transceiver 603 may include a transmitter 6031, a receiver 6032 and an antenna 6033. In another case, the transceiver 603 may include a transmitter (i.e., an output interface) and a receiver (i.e., an input interface). The transmitter may include a transmitter and an antenna, and the receiver may include a receiver and an antenna.

[0223] The communication device may be a transmitting end or a module within the transmitting end. When the computer program instructions stored in the memory 602 are executed, the processor 601 may be configured to execute the above-described embodiments, and the transceiver 603 may be configured to execute the operations performed by the transmitting unit 402 in the above-described embodiments. The communication device may also be configured to execute the various methods performed by the transmitting end in the method embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 above, which will not be described in detail.

[0224] The communication device may be a receiving end or a module within the receiving end. When the computer program instructions stored in the memory 602 are executed, the processor 601 may be configured to execute the above-described embodiments, and the transceiver 603 may be configured to execute the operations performed by the receiving unit 501 in the above-described embodiments. The communication device may also be configured to execute the various methods performed by the receiving end in the method embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 above, which will not be further described.

[0225] Based on the above network architecture, please refer to Figure 7, which is a structural diagram of another communication device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the communication device may include an input interface 701, a logic circuit 702 and an output interface 703. The input interface 701 and the output interface 703 are connected via the logic circuit 702. Among them, the input interface 701 is used to receive information from other communication devices, and the output interface 703 is used to output, schedule or send information to other communication devices. The logic circuit 702 is used to perform operations other than the operations of the input interface 701 and the output interface 703, such as implementing the functions implemented by the processor 601 in the above embodiment. Among them, the communication device can be a transmitting end (or a module within the transmitting end) or a receiving end (or a module within the receiving end). Among them, a more detailed description of the input interface 701, the logic circuit 702 and the output interface 703 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description of the transmitting end and the receiving end in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0226] An embodiment of the present application further discloses a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed, execute the method in the above method embodiment.

[0227] The embodiments of the present application further disclose a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed, perform the method in the above method embodiments.

[0228] An embodiment of the present application further discloses a communication system, which may include a receiving end and a transmitting end. For a specific description, reference may be made to the communication method shown in Figures 2-3.

[0229] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation methods of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to the sending end, the method includes: Determine, according to the modulation order used by the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to obtain a reference signal; The reference signal is sent to a receiving end.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the modulation order is not less than the preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The frequency domain sequence is a Zadov-ZC sequence or a computer generated sequence CGS.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Modulating the scrambling code sequence based on the modulation mode used by the data signal to obtain the time domain sequence; Performing discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence to obtain a frequency domain sequence; The frequency domain sequence is mapped onto a subcarrier to obtain the reference signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The determining, according to the modulation order used by the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal comprises: When the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to a modulation order used by the data signal.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is the frequency domain sequence.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The nonlinear compensation is for a power amplifier.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The waveform used by the data signal is a single carrier waveform.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

11. A communication method, characterized in that: Applied to the receiving end, the method includes: receiving a reference signal from a transmitting end; A reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to a modulation order used by the data signal; the reference signal sequence is used to process the reference signal.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that When the modulation order is not less than the preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a time domain sequence, and the modulation order used by the time domain sequence is the same as the modulation order used by the data signal.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: When the modulation order is less than a preset threshold, the reference signal sequence is a frequency domain sequence.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The frequency domain sequence is a Zadov-ZC sequence or a computer generated sequence CGS.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The reference signal is obtained by mapping a frequency domain sequence onto a subcarrier, the frequency domain sequence is obtained by performing discrete Fourier transform on the time domain sequence, and the time domain sequence is obtained by modulating a scrambling code sequence based on a modulation method used by the data signal.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that: The determining, according to the modulation order used by the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal comprises: When the receiving end performs nonlinear compensation on the data signal, a reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is determined according to a modulation order used by the data signal.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the receiving end does not perform nonlinear compensation on the data signal, it is determined that the reference signal sequence corresponding to the data signal is the frequency domain sequence.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The nonlinear compensation is for a power amplifier.

19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that The waveform used by the data signal is a single carrier waveform.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The single carrier waveform is discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-s-OFDM.

21. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a module or a unit for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are coupled, and the processor calls a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or a computer instruction. When the computer program or the computer instruction is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20 is implemented.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20 is implemented.

25. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, the transmitting end is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-10, and the receiving end is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 11-20.

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