Communication method, and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a communication method, a device, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program. The method comprises: generating a sensing reference signal on the basis of a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by means of encrypting a reference signal sequence on the basis of a shared key; and sending the sensing reference signal, wherein the sensing reference signal is used for obtaining sensing measurement data.

Description

Communication method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a communication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, sensing has become a key technology, especially in communication networks or systems. In communication networks or systems, various sensing scenarios can exist, such as those involving terminal and base station sensing, terminal sensing and base station sensing, and coordinated sensing by multiple sensing nodes. However, how to achieve sensing measurements while ensuring the security of sensing reference signals has become a challenge.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by a first device, including:

[0006] Generating a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a shared key;

[0007] The perception reference signal is sent, where the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

[0008] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method performed by a second device, including:

[0009] receiving an echo signal of a sensing reference signal;

[0010] Sending perception measurement data, where the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

[0011] An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including:

[0012] a first processing unit, configured to generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a shared key;

[0013] The first communication unit is configured to send the perception reference signal, where the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including:

[0015] a second communication unit, configured to receive an echo signal of a perception reference signal; and send perception measurement data, where the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the first device performs the above method.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the second device performs the above method.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the above method.

[0019] Specifically, the chip includes: a processor, which is used to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes the above method.

[0020] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which enables a device to perform the above method when the computer program is executed by the device.

[0021] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the above method.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above method.

[0023] By adopting the communication method provided in this embodiment, the perception reference sequence can be encrypted on the first device side, and an encrypted perception reference signal can be generated and sent, so that the second device uses the same method to generate an encrypted perception reference signal, thereby accurately performing channel estimation and obtaining perception measurement data. In this way, by sending the encrypted perception reference signal, while achieving perception measurement, it is possible to resist eavesdropping attacks and improve the security of the perception reference signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a downlink scenario of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application in a downlink scenario.

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic flowchart of generating a perception reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an uplink scenario of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG8 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method in an uplink scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a downlink group scenario of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG10 is a processing flow chart of a communication method in a downlink group scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a group uplink scenario of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG12 is a processing flow chart of a communication method in a group uplink scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a WIFI scenario of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG14 is a processing flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application in a WIFI scenario.

[0038] 15a-15c are various schematic diagrams of PPDU formats.

[0039] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of various perception scenarios.

[0040] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of another perception scenario.

[0041] FIG18 is a schematic flow chart of the perception process.

[0042] FIG19 is a schematic block diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG20 is a schematic block diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] FIG21 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 23 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as LTE, LTE-A, NR, NR evolution, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminals. The terminals can be mobile or fixed, and can also be referred to as mobile stations, user units, etc. The terminal can be a site in a WLAN, and can be a smart terminal, wireless modem, laptop computer, tablet computer, or other terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can be a VR terminal / AR terminal, an industrial control terminal, an unmanned driving terminal, a telemedicine terminal, a smart grid terminal, a transportation safety terminal, a smart city terminal, or a wireless terminal for a smart home, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can also be a wearable device.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a terminal, an access point in a WLAN, an evolved base station in LTE, or a relay station, or a network device (gNB) in an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, and an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in a non-terrestrial network. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device.

[0050] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this article. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association relationship between A and B. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "corresponding" can mean that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or it can mean that there is an association relationship between the two, or it can mean a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0051] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following relevant technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0052] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminals 120. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and each network device 110 may include a different number of terminals 120 within its coverage area, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include a mobility management entity, access and mobility management functions, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The network devices may include access network devices and core network devices. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network devices. The access network devices may be base stations of LTE, LTE-A, or NR systems. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication devices may include network devices and terminals with communication functions. The communication devices may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method performed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0054] S210. Generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a shared key;

[0055] S220: Send the perception reference signal, where the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method performed by a second device according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0057] S310: Receive an echo signal of a sensing reference signal;

[0058] S320: Send perception measurement data, where the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

[0059] In some possible implementations, the first device and the second device may be devices in a communication network (such as a mobile communication network or a cellular network). Specifically, the first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

[0060] In this embodiment, the perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS, CSI Reference Signals), positioning reference signal (PRS, Positioning Reference Signal), demodulation reference signal (DMRS, Demodulation Reference Signals), downlink data signal for perception, and downlink reference signal for perception.

[0061] The positioning reference signal may specifically be a downlink positioning reference signal (DL-PRS, Down Link Positioning Reference Signal).

[0062] The downlink data signal for sensing may refer to a signal based on a downlink data channel for sensing, or a signal transmitted by a downlink data channel for sensing, etc. The uplink data channel may include a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), etc., which are not limited here and can be exhaustively listed.

[0063] The downlink reference signal used for sensing may refer to a downlink reference signal dedicated to sensing, that is, a downlink reference signal dedicated to sensing that is different from CSI-RS, DL-PRS, DMRS, and the like.

[0064] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key. The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device, where the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the sensing reference signal. The shared key can be any one of the following: a pre-shared key (PSK) between the first device and the second device, a physical layer key generated by the first device and the second device, a key derived from a root key shared by the first device and the gateway, a key derived from a root key shared by the second device and the gateway, and the like.

[0065] The reference signal sequence may be a random sequence or a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence.

[0066] The pseudo-random sequence may be generated by a pseudo-random sequence generator.

[0067] Optionally, the pseudo-random sequence may be a Gold sequence with a length of 31. The pseudo-random sequence may be called a Gold-31 random sequence. There may be multiple ways to generate the pseudo-random sequence.

[0068] In one example, assuming that the pseudo-random sequence is represented as c(i), the pseudo-random sequence c(i) can be based on the initial value c init Generated; the initial value c init It can be calculated as follows:

[0069] in, is the time slot number within the frame; It can represent the high-level parameter scrambling ID (Scrambling ID), which can be configured by the high-level layer. Is the scrambling ID, its value is Related, such as The value of can be in the case of {0,1}, The value of can be in {0,1,…,65535}, for example If not configured, The value of can be the default cell ID; l is the sequence number of the OFDM symbol in the slot; is the number of symbols per time slot; It can be defined or configured by a higher layer, and this example does not limit it; "mod" represents a modulo operation (or a modulo function).

[0070] Based on the initial value c init The method of generating a pseudo-random sequence c(n) can be expressed as follows: c(n)=(x1(n+Nc )+x2(n+N c ))mod2 x1(n+31)=(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2 x2(n+31)=(x2(n+3)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2;

[0071] The value of n can be 0 to 30; the initial value of x1(n) is x1(0) equal to 0; the initial value of x2(n) is equal to the aforementioned c init .

[0072] The above is merely an exemplary description of calculating a pseudo-random sequence. This embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list all possible ways of generating a pseudo-random sequence.

[0073] It should be understood that the above is only one possible method for generating a pseudo-random sequence. In actual processing, other methods can also be used to generate a pseudo-random sequence. This embodiment does not limit or enumerate all possible methods.

[0074] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may refer to a symmetric encryption algorithm, for example, may include one of the following: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), HASH algorithm, SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)-256, DES (Data Encryption Standard), 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Algorithm), etc.

[0075] Optionally, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. Specifically, the way in which the first device obtains the first reference signal sequence includes: using the encryption algorithm to encrypt the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain the first reference signal sequence. For example, assuming that the encryption algorithm is the AES algorithm and the reference signal sequence is a pseudo-random sequence, the way in which the first device calculates the first reference signal sequence can be expressed as: c'(i) = AES K (c(i)), where c'(i) represents the first reference signal sequence, AES represents the AES algorithm, K represents the shared key, and c(i) represents a pseudo-random sequence. The meaning or generation method of c(i) is the same as that of c(n) in the aforementioned example.

[0076] Optionally, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0077] Among them, the calculation method used to calculate the first key based on the shared key can be predetermined by the first device or defaulted by the first device and the second device. For example, the calculation method can be a hash algorithm, or it can also be other algorithms. This embodiment does not enumerate all possible methods.

[0078] Specifically, the first device obtains the first reference signal sequence by: calculating a first key from a shared key; and performing encryption calculation on the reference signal sequence based on the first key using the encryption algorithm to obtain the first reference signal sequence. For example, assuming the encryption algorithm is the AES algorithm and the reference signal sequence is a pseudo-random sequence, the first device calculates the first reference signal sequence as follows: Wherein, c'(i) represents the first reference signal sequence, AES represents the AES algorithm, represents the first key, c(i) represents a pseudo-random sequence, and the meaning or generation method of c(i) is the same as c(n) in the above example; the calculation of the first key can be expressed as: Here, HASH represents a hash algorithm, and K represents a shared key.

[0079] Generating the perception reference signal based on the first reference signal sequence may include: the first device processing the first reference signal sequence to generate the perception reference signal.

[0080] The first device processing the first reference signal sequence to generate the perception reference signal may include: the first device processing the first reference signal sequence based on relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the perception reference signal.

[0081] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: the time domain resource of the perception reference signal, the frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, the spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and the transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0082] The time domain resource of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the time domain resource occupied by the downlink perception reference signal.

[0083] The frequency domain resources of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources occupied by the downlink perception reference signal.

[0084] The spatial resource of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the spatial resource of the downlink perception reference signal. The spatial resource may include at least one of a codeword, a layer (configuration), an antenna port, and the like.

[0085] The transmission mode of the perception reference signal may include one of the following: periodic transmission of the downlink perception reference signal, semi-persistent transmission of the downlink perception reference signal, aperiodic transmission of the downlink perception reference signal, and the like.

[0086] Optionally, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may further include at least one of the following: a repetition factor (Resource Repetition factor), a transmission period, muting information (Muting pattern-pat), etc.

[0087] The repetition factor indicates the number of resource repetitions for a perceptual reference signal. For example, perceptual reference signal resources (time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources) may constitute a resource set, and the repetition factor indicates the number of resource repetitions for each perceptual reference signal in an instance of the resource set. For example, if the downlink perceptual reference signal is a DL-PRS, the repetition factor indicates the number of times each DL-PRS resource is repeated for an instance of the DL-PRS resource set.

[0088] The sending period may be configured when the sending mode of the perception reference signal is periodic sending.

[0089] The muting information may indicate resource locations where the perception reference signal is not expected to be transmitted; further, the muting information may specifically indicate a bitmap of time domain locations (and / or frequency domain locations) where the perception reference signal is not expected to be transmitted at resources (e.g., time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources) where the perception reference signal should be transmitted. Taking the downlink perception reference signal as a DL-PRS as an example, the muting information refers to a bitmap of time locations where the DL PRS source is not expected to be transmitted for a DL PRS resource set.

[0090] Interference can be reduced by configuring the silence information. Specifically, by configuring the silence information, the perception reference signal can be controlled not to be sent at the time-frequency resource position where the perception reference signal should be sent, while other reference signals can be sent at the same time-frequency resource position or multiple TRPs can send PRS on the same time-frequency resources. In this way, interference to other reference signals or PRS sent by multiple TRPs on the same time-frequency resources can be reduced.

[0091] Exemplarily, the first device processes a first reference signal sequence based on relevant configuration information of a perception reference signal to obtain a perception reference signal. This may refer to: the first device performs at least one of modulation, layer mapping, and resource mapping on the first reference signal sequence based on the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain a downlink perception reference signal. Regarding the use of the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal in the above-mentioned processing, an exemplary description is as follows: after the first device modulates the first reference signal sequence, a modulated signal is obtained; layer mapping is performed using spatial resources (e.g., layers (configuration)) of the perception reference signal; the layer-mapped data is multiplied by a precoding matrix to complete dimensionality conversion from layers to antenna ports; the data corresponding to each antenna port is mapped to the time domain resources of the perception reference signal and the frequency domain resources of the perception reference signal to obtain I- and Q-modulated data; the I- and Q-modulated data are passed through an OFDM waveform generator to output two OFDM signals, which are then transmitted through the antenna ports.

[0092] In this application, the signal received by the second device is called the echo signal of the perception reference signal. This is because the perception reference signal emitted by the first device will be reflected by the perception target to obtain an echo signal, and this echo signal is the signal received by the second device. Therefore, the echo signal of the perception reference signal specifically refers to the echo signal generated after the perception reference signal is reflected by the perception target.

[0093] The processing performed by the second device after receiving the echo signal of the perception reference signal may include: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain a second reference signal sequence; and generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence.

[0094] Since the second device and the first device need to use the same generation method to generate the same reference signal sequence, the method for generating the reference signal sequence by the second device will not be repeatedly described here.

[0095] Optionally, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. Specifically, the method for the second device to calculate the second reference signal sequence includes: using an encryption algorithm to encrypt the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain the second reference signal sequence. For example, assuming that the encryption algorithm is the AES algorithm and the reference signal sequence is a pseudo-random sequence c(i), the way the second device calculates the second reference signal sequence can be expressed as: c”(i)=AES K (c(i)), where c”(i) represents the second reference signal sequence, and the meaning of the remaining contents is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0096] Optionally, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0097] Among them, the calculation method used to calculate the second key based on the shared key can be pre-configured by the first device for the second device (for example, it can be configured to the second device together with the encryption algorithm), or the first device and the second device default. For example, the calculation method can be a hash algorithm, or it can also be other algorithms. This embodiment does not enumerate all possible methods. It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, different devices respectively perform calculations on the shared key, so in this application, the key calculated by the first device for the shared key is called the first key, and the key calculated by the second device for the shared key is called the second key to distinguish them. Since the second device and the first device use the same calculation method to calculate the same shared key, theoretically the first key and the second key should be the same.

[0098] Specifically, the second device obtains the first reference signal sequence by: calculating a second key from a shared key; and performing encryption calculation on the reference signal sequence based on the second key using the encryption algorithm to obtain the second reference signal sequence. For example, assuming the encryption algorithm is the AES algorithm and the reference signal sequence is a pseudo-random sequence c(i), the second device calculates the second reference signal sequence as follows: Wherein, c" (i) represents the second reference signal sequence, AES represents the AES algorithm, represents the second key, c(i) represents a pseudo-random sequence, and the meaning or generation method of c(i) is the same as c(n) in the above example; the calculation of the second key can be expressed as: Here, HASH represents a hash algorithm, and K represents a shared key.

[0099] It should be understood that in the above examples, different devices respectively perform encryption calculations on the reference signal sequence. Therefore, in this application, the sequence obtained by the first device encrypting the reference signal sequence is referred to as the first reference signal sequence, and the sequence obtained by the second device encrypting the reference signal sequence is referred to as the second reference signal sequence for distinction. Since the second device and the first device use the same shared key and the same encryption method to encrypt the same reference signal sequence, in theory the first reference signal sequence and the second reference signal sequence should be the same.

[0100] The above is merely an exemplary description. In actual processing, this embodiment does not limit which of the above methods the first device and the second device use to encrypt and calculate the reference signal sequence. As long as the first device and the second device use the same method, encrypting and calculating the reference signal sequence is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0101] The second device generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence may include: the second device performing at least one of modulation, layer mapping, resource mapping, etc. on the second reference signal sequence based on relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the encrypted reference signal. The specific processing method for the second device to obtain the encrypted reference signal should be the same as the processing method for the first device to obtain the perception reference signal, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the encrypted reference signal does not need to be transmitted, that is, the second device side only needs to modulate to obtain an encrypted reference signal to be transmitted.

[0102] The perception measurement data on the second device is obtained based on a channel estimation value, wherein the channel estimation value is calculated based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal. Specifically, in the second device, after obtaining the encrypted reference signal, the processing may further include: calculating a channel estimation value based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal, and obtaining the perception measurement data based on the channel estimation value.

[0103] Among them, the calculation method for calculating the channel estimation value based on the echo signal of the encrypted reference signal and the first perception reference signal can be set according to actual conditions. For example, the least squares method or the minimum mean square error method, etc. can be used. All possible methods for channel estimation are not exhaustively enumerated and limited here.

[0104] For example, the perception reference signal sent by the first device is represented by x(t); the echo signal received by the second device is y(t) = hx(t-τ) + w(t), where h includes antenna gain, path loss, etc., τ represents time delay, and w(t) represents additive white Gaussian noise. The channel estimation value (or channel estimation result) is calculated by the least squares method. For example, the frequency domain response of the echo signal y(t) is Y(k), k is the carrier, and the frequency domain response of the encrypted reference signal x′(t) is X′(k). Then the channel estimation (channel estimation value or channel estimation result) is expressed as

[0105] The channel estimation value may be used to characterize the loss during signal transmission, for example, it may represent the change in phase and / or amplitude during signal transmission.

[0106] The perception measurement data may include at least one of the following data types: perception final results, such as the distance, speed, heartbeat, movement, etc. of the perception target; perception intermediate results, such as point cloud information, delay Doppler matrix, etc.; perception preliminary results, such as delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, etc.; perception original results, such as received signal (echo signal of perception reference signal) or original channel information (such as the echo signal of perception reference signal or the complex result of channel response, amplitude, phase, I path / Q path, etc. and related operation results).

[0107] Optionally, when the perception measurement data includes a raw perception result, the second device may obtain the perception measurement data by: determining the raw perception result based on the channel estimation value, and using the raw perception result as the perception measurement data. For example, determining the raw perception result based on the channel estimation value may be at least one of the following: adjusting the received amplitude of the echo signal of the perception reference signal based on the channel estimation value to obtain an adjusted amplitude value, and adding the adjusted amplitude value to the raw perception result; adjusting the received phase of the echo signal of the perception reference signal based on the channel estimation value to obtain an adjusted phase value, and adding the adjusted phase value to the raw perception result; adjusting the complex result of the echo signal of the perception reference signal based on the channel estimation value to obtain an adjusted complex result, and adding the adjusted complex result to the raw perception result; directly adding the channel estimation value to the raw perception result; obtaining a complex result of a channel response based on the channel estimation value, and adding the complex result of the channel response to the raw perception result; obtaining related information of the I path and / or Q path (such as an I / Q correlation operation result, etc.) based on the channel estimation value, and adding the related information to the raw perception result, etc. All possible ways of determining the original perception result are not limited or enumerated here. As long as the original perception result can be obtained based on the channel estimation value, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0108] Optionally, when the perception measurement data includes a preliminary perception result, the second device may obtain the perception measurement data by determining the preliminary perception result based on the channel estimation value, and using the preliminary perception result as the perception measurement data. For example, determining the preliminary perception result based on the channel estimation value may include directly calculating at least one of delay (such as transmission delay), Doppler (such as Doppler shift), angle (such as angle of arrival), intensity (such as received intensity), etc. based on the channel estimation value as the preliminary perception result; or determining the original perception result based on the channel estimation value, and calculating at least one of delay (such as transmission delay), Doppler (such as Doppler shift), angle (such as angle of arrival), intensity (such as received intensity), etc. based on the original perception result as the preliminary perception result.

[0109] Optionally, when the perception measurement data includes the perception intermediate result, the second device may obtain the perception measurement data by determining the perception intermediate result based on the channel estimation value and using the perception intermediate result as the perception measurement data. For example, determining the perception intermediate result based on the channel estimation value may include directly calculating at least one of point cloud information, delay-Doppler matrix, etc. based on the channel estimation value as the perception intermediate result; or determining the perception original result based on the channel estimation value, and calculating at least one of point cloud information, delay-Doppler matrix, etc. based on the perception original result as the perception preliminary result; or determining the perception original result based on the channel estimation value, determining the perception original result based on the channel estimation value, calculating at least one of delay (such as transmission delay), Doppler (such as Doppler shift), angle (such as arrival angle), intensity (such as reception intensity), etc. based on the perception original result as the perception preliminary result, and calculating at least one of point cloud information, delay-Doppler matrix, etc. based on the perception preliminary result as the perception intermediate result.

[0110] Optionally, when the perception measurement data includes a final perception result, the second device may obtain the perception measurement data by determining the final perception result based on the channel estimation value and using the final perception result as the perception measurement data. For example, determining the final perception result based on the channel estimation value may include directly calculating at least one of the distance, speed, heartbeat, motion, etc. of the perception target based on the channel estimation value as the final perception result; or determining the original perception result based on the channel estimation value, and calculating at least one of the distance, speed, heartbeat, motion, etc. of the perception target based on the original perception result as the final perception result; or determining the original perception result based on the channel estimation value, determining the original perception result based on the channel estimation value, calculating at least one of the delay (such as transmission delay), Doppler (such as Doppler shift), angle (such as arrival angle), intensity (such as reception intensity), etc. based on the original perception result as the preliminary perception result, calculating at least one of point cloud information, delay-Doppler matrix, etc. as the intermediate perception result based on the preliminary perception result, and calculating at least one of the distance, speed, heartbeat, motion, etc. of the perception target based on the intermediate perception result as the final perception result.

[0111] After obtaining the perception measurement data, the second device may further include: sending the perception measurement data. Sending the perception measurement data may refer to the second device sending the perception measurement data to the perception function entity.

[0112] A perception function entity refers to a network element or device that is capable of performing perception-related processing, and / or perception-related services, and / or supporting perception-related functions. The perception function entity may be deployed in one of the following: AF (Application Function), SF (Sensing Function), Sensing Client, or Client UE. In some possible examples, the SF may include SF-C (Sensing Function-Control) and / or SF-U (Sensing Function-User). In this example, the perception function entity may be deployed in SF-C and / or SF-U.

[0113] In this embodiment, the second device is a terminal, and the first device may be an access network device. Accordingly, the terminal may send the perception measurement data to the perception function entity by sending a first message carrying the perception measurement data to the access network device, which then sends the perception measurement data to the perception function entity. The first message may be any uplink AS (Access Stratum) signaling or message. Alternatively, the terminal may send the perception measurement data to the perception function entity by sending a second message carrying the perception measurement data to the perception function entity. The second message may be any uplink NAS (Non Access Stratum) signaling or message. It should also be noted that regarding the transmission protocol of the perception measurement data, if the perception measurement data includes raw data (such as the aforementioned raw perception results, which have a large data transmission volume) and / or intermediate measurement data (such as the aforementioned preliminary perception results and / or intermediate perception results, both of which have a large data transmission volume), it may be transmitted by the user plane. If the perception measurement data includes perception results (such as the aforementioned final perception results, which have a small data transmission volume), it may be transmitted by the control plane.

[0114] Before the first device sends the perception reference signal and before the second device receives the echo signal of the perception reference signal, the first device and the second device also need to determine or pre-configure relevant configuration information.

[0115] In one embodiment, on the first device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is predetermined. On the second device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may be preconfigured. Specifically, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence on the second device side may be preconfigured by the first device for the second device.

[0116] The processing of the second device before pre-configuring the encryption algorithm further includes: reporting the capability of the second device to the first device. The processing of the first device before determining the encryption algorithm may further include: receiving the capability of the second device.

[0117] The manner in which the first device determines the encryption algorithm may include: the first device determines the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the second device; or the first device determines the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the first device and the capabilities of the second device. The capabilities of the second device may include one or more optional encryption algorithms that the second device can support, and / or the highest encryption algorithm that the second device can support, etc. The capabilities of the first device are similar to the description of the capabilities of the second device and are not repeated here. Regarding the manner in which the first device determines the encryption algorithm, it may be that the first device selects an encryption algorithm that can be supported by both the second device and itself. There may be other ways for the first device to determine the encryption algorithm, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0118] The processing by the first device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to the second device. Accordingly, the processing by the second device may include: receiving the encryption algorithm configured by the first device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0119] In one embodiment, on the first device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is predetermined. On the second device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is preconfigured; specifically, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal on the second device side may be preconfigured by the first device for the second device.

[0120] The processing of the second device before pre-configuring the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal further includes: reporting the capability of the second device to the first device. The processing of the first device before determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal further includes: receiving the capability of the second device.

[0121] The manner in which the first device determines the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal may include: the first device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of the second device; or the first device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of the first device and the capability of the second device.

[0122] The capability of the second device may further include the perception capability of the second device.

[0123] The perception capability of the second device includes at least one of the following: supported perception measurement results, supported calculation of perception results, processing capability of receiving perception signals, recognition capability of perception targets or perceptible target types, supported perception accuracy, and wireless capability.

[0124] The supported perception measurement results may refer to perception measurement results supported or allowed by the second device, such as measuring at least one of the departure angle, arrival angle, and delay; or, the supported perception measurement results may refer to a range of perception measurement results supported or allowed by the second device, such as measuring at least one of the range of departure angle, the range of arrival angle, and the range of delay.

[0125] The supported calculation of perception results may refer to the perception results supported or allowed to be calculated by the second device, and the perception results may specifically refer to the type of perception results, such as at least one of the distance of the target (or perceived target), the speed of the target (or perceived target), the angle of the target (or perceived target), etc.

[0126] The processing capability of receiving the perception signal (or perception reference signal) may refer to the processing capability supported or allowed by the second device to receive the perception signal (or perception reference signal), or may refer to the relevant processing capability of the perception reference signal supported or allowed by the second device, for example, at least one of the maximum number of targets that can be perceived simultaneously, the maximum perceptible distance, and the like.

[0127] The recognition capability of the perceived target or the perceptible target type may refer to the recognition capability of the perceived target or the perceptible target type supported or allowed by the second device, for example, only supporting the perception of certain specific target types, which may be at least one of a target area, a target device, and the like.

[0128] The wireless capability includes at least one of the following: bandwidth supported for transmitting and receiving signals, processing capability supported for transmitting and receiving signals, supported beam scanning function, etc.

[0129] The sensing capability of the first device is similar to the description of the sensing capability of the second device described above, so a repeated description is not given.

[0130] The processing by the first device may further include: sending the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the second device. Correspondingly, the processing by the second device may include: receiving the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal configured by the first device.

[0131] Taking the first device as an access network device and the second device as a terminal, the terminal reports the capabilities of the terminal to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the terminal, and then send the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the same relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal as the access network device.

[0132] In the above scenario, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the perception reference signal can be carried in the same information or message. For example, the access network device sends a third message to the terminal, which carries the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the perception reference signal. The third message can be any downlink AS message, such as an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message or a DCI (Downlink Control Information) message.

[0133] In the above scenario, the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal can be carried in different information or messages. For example, the access network device sends a third message to the terminal, and the third message carries the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal, and the access network device sends a fourth message to the terminal, and the fourth message carries the encryption algorithm; wherein, the third message and the fourth message can be any downlink AS message, for example, it can be any one of the RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, DCI (Downlink Control Information), etc.; and the third message and the fourth message occupy different time domain ranges, and all possible situations are not exhaustively listed here.

[0134] In some possible examples, the processing of the first device may further include: receiving a sensing service request from a sensing function entity, where the sensing service request may be used to trigger execution of the sensing service (or sensing task). In addition, triggering execution of the sensing service may also be initiated by the second device, for example, the second device may send a sensing service request to the first device to trigger execution of the sensing service.

[0135] The above-mentioned perception service request may carry at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a first device identifier, and the like.

[0136] After receiving the sensing service request, the first device may also send a sensing capability request to the second device, which may carry the sensing service identifier, the first device identifier, etc. Then, the second device performs the aforementioned subsequent processing such as reporting capability, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] In conjunction with Figure 4, a possible architecture of the communication method provided by this embodiment is described. Figure 4 illustrates a downlink perception scenario of the NR downlink. In Figure 4, the base station is the aforementioned first device, and the UE is the aforementioned second device. Communication signals can be transmitted between the base station and the UE. The base station sends a perception reference signal, and the UE receives and measures the echo signal reflected after passing through the perception target. To ensure the security of the perception signal, the transmitting base station encrypts the perception reference signal sequence based on the shared key K to form an encrypted perception reference signal. The receiving UE first generates the same encrypted perception reference signal based on the shared key K, and then performs channel estimation on the received echo signal to obtain perception measurement data. Based on the scenario of Figure 4, in conjunction with Figure 5, taking the aforementioned first device as the base station and the second device as the UE as an example, an exemplary description of the aforementioned communication method is given:

[0138] Step 500: The base station and the UE share a key K; the key K can be a pilot key derived from the KgNB shared by the base station and the UE, or it can be a physical layer key generated by the UE and the base station.

[0139] Step 501: a sensing function entity (such as any one of AF / SF / Sensing client / Client UE) sends a sensing service request to a base station (the sensing service request may also be triggered by the sensing UE itself).

[0140] Step 502: The base station sends a sensing capability request to the UE, where the request includes a sensing service identifier, a base station identifier, and the like.

[0141] Step 503: The UE reports its sensing capabilities to the base station. The UE sensing capabilities include at least one of the following: supported sensing measurement results, such as departure angle, arrival angle, and latency; supported sensing calculation results, such as target distance, speed, and angle; processing capabilities for receiving sensing signals, such as the maximum number of targets that can be sensed simultaneously and the maximum sensed distance; sensing target recognition capabilities or target types, such as supporting only specific target types; supported sensing accuracy; and UE wireless capabilities. UE wireless capabilities include at least one of the following: supported bandwidth for transmitting and receiving signals, processing capabilities, and supported beam scanning functions.

[0142] Step 504: The base station determines the sensing reference signal resources according to the UE sensing capability, and sends the sensing reference signal configuration (ie, configuration information related to the sensing reference signal) to the UE via an RRC System Information message.

[0143] The reference signal configuration information includes but is not limited to the following items: indication information of the time domain resources, frequency domain resources and spatial domain resources of the reference signal, identification ID of the reference signal receiving (transmitting) terminal, reference signal sequence encryption algorithm, reference signal transmission mode (periodic, semi-persistent, aperiodic), etc. The sensing resource configuration between the UE and the base station can fully reuse the existing control plane protocol stack at the access layer. The base station indicates the type of reference signal received by the UE. The reference signal can be a newly defined downlink sensing reference signal, CSI-RS, sensing based on the downlink data channel, DL-PRS, DM-RS, etc. For example, for DL-PRS processing, the configuration information can be used to notify the lower layer to start DL-PRS measurement and provide the lower layer with DL-PRS location information, such as DL-PRS point and DL-PRS positioning occasion information.

[0144] Step 505: The base station generates an encrypted sensing reference signal and transmits it. Specifically: 1) The base station first generates a reference signal sequence using a pseudo-random sequence generator; 2) The reference signal sequence is then encrypted using a key, K; 3) According to NR physical layer protocol 38.211, the base station modulates, layers, precodes, and performs resource mapping on the encrypted reference sequence to form an encrypted sensing reference signal x(t). The encrypted sensing reference signal is then transmitted via the antenna to the sensing target.

[0145] An exemplary explanation is given in conjunction with Figure 6. The base station performs the above-mentioned processing, which may specifically include: the base station first generates a reference signal sequence through a pseudo-random sequence generator; then encrypts the reference signal sequence based on the key K to obtain a first reference signal sequence; modulation mapping processing, modulating the first reference signal sequence in the modulation processing to obtain a modulated signal; layer mapping the modulated signal; converting and precoding the data after layer mapping, and precoding the data after conversion and precoding (specifically, multiplying by a precoding matrix) to complete the dimensional conversion from layer to antenna port; performing RE mapping processing on the data corresponding to each antenna port to obtain I-channel and Q-channel modulated data on time domain resources and frequency domain resources; passing the I-channel and Q-channel modulated data through the OFDM symbol generator, outputting two OFDM signals, and then sending two OFDM signals through the antenna port.

[0146] The modulation method may be configured according to actual conditions, and may include, for example, QPSK modulation and the like. The modulation processing is not limited or exhaustive in this embodiment.

[0147] Step 506: The UE receives the sensed echo signal y(t) reflected by the sensed target; the UE generates an encrypted reference signal x(t) identical to that on the BS side based on the key K and the reference signal configuration information sent by the higher-layer RRC signaling; the UE performs channel estimation based on the generated encrypted reference signal and the received echo signal.

[0148] Step 507: The UE sends the acquired perception measurement data to the perception function entity.

[0149] In some possible implementations, the first device and the second device may be devices in a communication network (such as a mobile communication network or a cellular network). Specifically, the first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

[0150] In this embodiment, the perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal (SRS), a DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0151] The uplink data signal for sensing may refer to a signal based on an uplink data channel for sensing, or a signal transmitted by an uplink data channel for sensing, etc. The uplink data channel may be a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), etc., which are not exhaustive here.

[0152] The uplink reference signal used for sensing may refer to an uplink reference signal dedicated to sensing, that is, an uplink reference signal dedicated to sensing that is different from the SRS.

[0153] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key. The shared key is a key shared by the first device and a second device, wherein the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0154] The reference signal sequence may be a random sequence or a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence.

[0155] The pseudo-random sequence may be generated by a pseudo-random sequence generator. In one example, assuming that the uplink reference signal is SRS, the pseudo-random sequence used to generate the SRS is represented as c(i), and the pseudo-random sequence c(i) may be based on the initial value c init Generated, the initial value c init It can be calculated as follows: in, is the SRS sequence identifier, which is configured by the higher layer and can range from 0 to 1023. Furthermore, a pseudo-random sequence is generated based on the initial value. The specific processing method is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0156] It should be understood that the above only uses SRS as an example to exemplify one possible method for generating a pseudo-random sequence. In actual processing, other methods can also be used to generate pseudo-random sequences for generating other uplink perception reference signals. This embodiment does not limit or enumerate all possible methods.

[0157] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may refer to a symmetric encryption algorithm, for example, may include one of the following: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), HASH algorithm, SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)-256, DES (Data Encryption Standard), 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Algorithm), etc.

[0158] Optionally, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the first reference signal sequence is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be described in detail.

[0159] Optionally, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the first reference signal sequence is the same as that in the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0160] Generating the perception reference signal based on the first reference signal sequence may include: the first device processing the first reference signal sequence to obtain the perception reference signal. Specifically, the first device processes the first reference signal sequence based on relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the perception reference signal.

[0161] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: the time domain resource of the perception reference signal, the frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, the spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and the transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0162] The time domain resource of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the time domain resource occupied by the uplink perception reference signal.

[0163] The frequency domain resources of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the frequency domain resources occupied by the uplink perception reference signal.

[0164] The spatial resource of the perception reference signal may be used to indicate the spatial resource of the uplink perception reference signal. The spatial resource may include at least one of a codeword, a layer, an antenna port, and the like.

[0165] The transmission mode of the perception reference signal may include one of the following: periodic transmission of the uplink perception reference signal, semi-persistent transmission of the uplink perception reference signal, aperiodic transmission of the uplink perception reference signal, and the like.

[0166] Optionally, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may further include at least one of the following: repetition factor, transmission period, silence information, etc. The description thereof is similar to the above example, except that this embodiment is directed to uplink perception reference signals, and therefore will not be repeated.

[0167] Exemplarily, the first device processes a first reference signal sequence based on the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the perception reference signal. This may mean that the first device performs at least one processing, such as modulation, on the first reference signal sequence based on the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the uplink perception reference signal. The detailed description of this example is similar to that of the aforementioned embodiment. The specific processing method of the uplink perception reference signal is also similar to the generation method of uplink-related signals in related technologies, and is not repeated here.

[0168] The processing performed by the second device after receiving the echo signal of the perception reference signal may include: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain a second reference signal sequence; and generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence.

[0169] Since the second device and the first device need to use the same generation method to generate the same reference signal sequence, the method for generating the reference signal sequence by the second device will not be repeatedly described here.

[0170] Optionally, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the second reference signal sequence is the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be described in detail.

[0171] Optionally, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the second reference signal sequence is the same as that in the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0172] The above is merely an exemplary description. In actual processing, this embodiment does not limit which of the above methods the first device and the second device use to encrypt and calculate the reference signal sequence. As long as the first device and the second device use the same method, encrypting and calculating the reference signal sequence is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0173] The second device generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence may include: the second device performing at least one of modulation, layer mapping, resource mapping, etc. on the second reference signal sequence based on relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to obtain the encrypted reference signal. The specific processing method for the second device to obtain the encrypted reference signal should be the same as the processing method for the first device to obtain the perception reference signal, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the encrypted reference signal does not need to be transmitted, that is, the second device side only needs to modulate to obtain an encrypted reference signal to be transmitted.

[0174] The perception measurement data on the second device is obtained based on a channel estimation value, where the channel estimation value is calculated based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal. Obtaining the perception measurement data on the second device and the specific content that the perception measurement data may include are the same as in the previous embodiment and are not further described.

[0175] After the second device obtains the perception measurement data, the method may further include: the second device sends the perception measurement data to the perception function entity.

[0176] In this embodiment, the second device is an access network device, and the first device can be a terminal. Accordingly, the access network device can send perception measurement data to the perception function entity through any message. The message or signaling used is not limited here. It should be pointed out that, regarding the transmission protocol of perception measurement data, if the perception measurement data includes original data (such as the aforementioned perception original result, whose data transmission volume is extremely large) and / or intermediate measurement volume (such as the aforementioned perception preliminary result and / or perception intermediate result, these two types have large data transmission volume), it can be transmitted by the user plane; if the perception measurement data includes perception results (such as the aforementioned perception final result, whose data transmission volume is small), it can be transmitted by the control plane.

[0177] Before the first device sends the perception reference signal and before the second device receives the echo signal of the perception reference signal, the first device and the second device also need to determine or pre-configure relevant configuration information.

[0178] In one embodiment, on the second device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is predetermined. On the first device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may be preconfigured. Specifically, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence on the first device side may be preconfigured by the second device for the first device.

[0179] The processing by the first device before pre-configuring the encryption algorithm further includes: reporting capabilities of the first device to the second device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: configuration information related to the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the second device may further include: receiving capabilities of the first device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: configuration information related to the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0180] The manner in which the second device determines the encryption algorithm may include: the second device determining the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the first device; or the second device determining the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the first device and the capabilities of the second device. The capabilities of the first device may include one or more optional encryption algorithms that the first device can support, and / or the highest encryption algorithm that the first device can support, etc. The capabilities of the first device are similar to those of the second device and are not described in detail. This embodiment does not limit the manner in which the second device determines the encryption algorithm.

[0181] The processing by the second device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to the first device. Accordingly, the processing by the first device may include: receiving an encryption algorithm configured by the second device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0182] In one embodiment, on the second device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is predetermined. On the first device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is preconfigured; specifically, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal on the first device side may be preconfigured by the second device for the first device.

[0183] The processing of the first device before pre-configuring the configuration information related to the perception reference signal further includes: reporting the capability of the second device to the second device. The second device may also include: receiving the capability of the first device before determining the configuration information related to the perception reference signal.

[0184] The manner in which the second device determines the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal may include: the second device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of the first device; or the second device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of the first device and the capability of the second device.

[0185] The capability of the first device may further include the perception capability of the first device.

[0186] The sensing capabilities of the first device include at least one of the following: supported sensing measurement results, supported computation of sensing results, processing capabilities for received sensing signals, sensing target recognition capabilities or perceivable target types, supported sensing accuracy, and wireless capabilities. The detailed description of the above contents is similar to that of the sensing capabilities of the second device and is not repeated here.

[0187] The processing by the second device may further include: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to the first device. Correspondingly, the processing by the first device may include: receiving configuration information related to the perception reference signal configured by the second device.

[0188] Assuming that the second device is an access network device and the first device is a terminal, the terminal reports the capabilities of the terminal to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the terminal, and then send the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the same relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal as the access network device.

[0189] In the above scenario, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in the same information or message. Alternatively, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in different information or messages. This is not an exhaustive list of all possible scenarios.

[0190] In some possible examples, the processing of the second device may further include: receiving a sensing service request from the sensing function entity, where the sensing service request may be used to trigger execution of the sensing service (or sensing task). In addition, triggering execution of the sensing service may also be initiated by the first device, for example, the first device may send a sensing service request to the second device to trigger execution of the sensing service.

[0191] The above-mentioned perception service request may carry at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a second device identifier, and the like.

[0192] After receiving the sensing service request, the second device may also send a sensing capability request to the first device, which may carry the sensing service identifier, the second device identifier, etc. Then, the first device performs the aforementioned subsequent processing such as reporting capability, which will not be repeated here.

[0193] In conjunction with Figure 7, another possible architecture of the communication method provided by this embodiment is described. Figure 7 illustrates an uplink perception scenario of the NR uplink (UE sends and base station receives, PUSCH channel). In Figure 7, the base station is the aforementioned second device, and the UE is the aforementioned first device. Communication signals can be transmitted between the base station and the UE. The UE sends a perception reference signal, and the base station receives and measures the echo signal reflected after passing through the perception target. To ensure the security of the perception signal, the transmitting UE encrypts the perception reference signal sequence based on the shared key K to form an encrypted perception reference signal. The receiving base station first generates the same encrypted perception reference signal based on the shared key K, and then performs channel estimation on the received echo signal to obtain perception measurement data. Based on the scenario of Figure 7, in conjunction with Figure 8, taking the base station as the aforementioned second device and the UE as the aforementioned first device as an example, another exemplary description of the aforementioned communication method is given:

[0194] Steps 801 to 803 are the same as steps 501 to 503 in the example of FIG. 5 , and are not described again.

[0195] Step 804: The base station determines the sensing reference signal resources based on the UE's sensing capabilities and sends the reference signal configuration information to the UE via an RRC System Information message. Unlike the previous embodiment, in this step, the base station instructs the UE to generate the sensing reference signal. The sensing reference signal can be an SRS, a newly defined sensing reference signal, or a sensing signal based on an uplink data channel.

[0196] Step 805: The UE generates and transmits an encrypted perception reference signal. Specifically, 1) the UE first generates a reference signal sequence using a pseudo-random sequence generator; 2) the reference signal sequence is encrypted using a key K; 3) according to NR physical layer protocol 38.211, the UE modulates, layers, precodes, and maps resources to the encrypted perception reference signal x(t), which is then transmitted via the antenna to the perception target.

[0197] Step 806: The base station receives the sensed echo signal y(t) reflected by the sensing target. The gNB generates the same encrypted reference signal x(t) as that on the UE side based on the key K and the transmitted uplink reference signal configuration information. The gNB performs channel estimation based on the generated encrypted reference signal and the received echo signal.

[0198] Step 807: The base station sends the acquired perception measurement data to the perception function entity.

[0199] In some possible implementations, the first device and the second device may be devices in a communication network (such as a mobile communication network or a cellular network), and the second device is a device in a sensing reception group. Specifically, the first device is an access network device, the second device is a terminal, and the multiple devices in the sensing reception group to which the second device belongs all receive echo signals of a sensing reference signal.

[0200] In this implementation, the perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal. Possible types of the downlink perception reference signal are the same as those in the previous embodiment and are not described repeatedly.

[0201] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key. The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device. Specifically, the shared key is a group key shared by a sensing receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

[0202] In this embodiment, the sensing receiving group to which the second device belongs may include multiple sensing receiving devices for receiving echo signals of the sensing reference signal, and the multiple sensing receiving devices include the second device.

[0203] The first device and each of the sensing receiving devices in the sensing receiving group may exchange group information in advance. Here, the exchange may be the first device sending the group information to each of the sensing receiving devices. By exchanging group information, the first device and each of the sensing receiving devices can obtain the same group-related configuration.

[0204] Optionally, the group information may include a group key. Here, the group key may be a physical layer group key generated by multiple sensing receiving devices and the first device, or a group key issued by a new key management network element. This embodiment does not limit the group key generation method.

[0205] Optionally, in addition to the group key, the group information may also include at least one of: a sensing application identifier (Sensing Application ID), a group identifier (ID), a group member ID, etc., wherein the group member ID includes the ID of each sensing receiving device.

[0206] The reference signal sequence may be a random sequence or a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence. The description of the reference signal sequence is the same as that of the reference signal sequence in the aforementioned embodiment related to the downlink reference perception signal, and is not repeated here.

[0207] The specific generation method of the first reference signal sequence and the specific processing method of the first device generating the downlink perception reference signal are the same as those in the above embodiment. The only difference is that the shared key in this embodiment is a group key, so they are not repeated here.

[0208] After receiving the sensing reference signal echo signal, the second device may process the signal by: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain a second reference signal sequence; and generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence. The specific processing of the second device is the same as in the previous embodiment, except that the shared key in this embodiment is a group key, and therefore is not repeated here.

[0209] The specific processing manner in which the second device obtains the perception measurement data, and the processing in which the second device sends the perception measurement data after obtaining the perception measurement data are the same as those in the above embodiment and will not be described in detail.

[0210] The difference from the previous embodiment is that the second device in this embodiment is any one of the perceptual receiving devices in the perceptual receiving group, and each perceptual receiving device in the perceptual receiving group performs the same processing as the second device. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment does not elaborate on each one.

[0211] Before the first device sends the perception reference signal and before the second device receives the echo signal of the perception reference signal, the first device and the second device also need to determine or pre-configure relevant configuration information.

[0212] In one embodiment, on the first device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is predetermined. On the second device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may be preconfigured. Specifically, among multiple perceptual receiving devices, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence of each perceptual receiving device may be preconfigured by the first device for each perceptual receiving device.

[0213] The processing of the second device before pre-configuring the encryption algorithm further includes: reporting the capability of the second device to the first device. The processing of the first device before determining the encryption algorithm may further include: receiving the capability of the second device.

[0214] Specifically, each sensing receiving device will perform a process of reporting its own capability to the first device. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the first device may also include: receiving the capability of each sensing receiving device.

[0215] The manner in which the first device determines the encryption algorithm may include: the first device determines the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of each sensing receiving device; or the first device determines the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the first device and the capabilities of each sensing receiving device. The capabilities of each sensing receiving device may include one or more optional encryption algorithms that each sensing receiving device can support, and / or the highest encryption algorithm that each sensing receiving device can support, etc. Regarding the manner in which the first device determines the encryption algorithm, the first device may select an encryption algorithm that all sensing receiving devices and itself can support. There may be other manners for the first device to determine the encryption algorithm, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0216] The processing by the first device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to the second device. Accordingly, the processing by the second device may include: receiving the encryption algorithm configured by the first device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0217] Specifically, the processing of the first device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to each perceptual receiving device. Accordingly, the processing of each perceptual receiving device may include: receiving an encryption algorithm configured by the first device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0218] In one embodiment, on a first device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is predetermined. On a second device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is preconfigured. Specifically, among multiple perception receiving devices, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal of each perception receiving device may be preconfigured by the first device for each perception receiving device.

[0219] Before pre-configuring the configuration information related to the perception reference signal, the second device may also process: reporting the capabilities of the second device to the first device. Before determining the configuration information related to the perception reference signal, the first device may also process: receiving the capabilities of the second device. Specifically, each perception receiving device may report its capabilities to the first device. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the first device may also process: receiving the capabilities of each perception receiving device.

[0220] The manner in which the first device determines the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal may include: the first device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of each perception receiving device; or the first device determining the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capability of the first device and the capability of each perception receiving device.

[0221] The capability of each sensing receiving device may also include the sensing capability of each sensing receiving device. The description of the sensing capability of each sensing receiving device is the same as that of the sensing capability of the first device or the sensing capability of the second device in the above embodiment, and is not repeated here.

[0222] The processing by the first device may further include: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to the second device. Accordingly, the processing by the second device may include: receiving the configuration information related to the perception reference signal configured by the first device. Specifically, the processing by the first device may further include: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to each perception receiving device. Accordingly, the processing by each perception receiving device may include: receiving the configuration information related to the perception reference signal configured by the first device.

[0223] Taking the first device as an access network device and multiple perception receiving devices as multiple terminals, multiple terminals report the capabilities of the terminals to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the multiple terminals, and then send the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal to the multiple terminals, so that the multiple terminals determine the same relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the same encryption algorithm as the access network device.

[0224] In the above scenario, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in the same information or message. Alternatively, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in different information or messages. This is not an exhaustive list of all possible scenarios.

[0225] In some possible examples, the processing of the first device may further include: receiving a sensing service request from a sensing function entity, where the sensing service request may be used to trigger execution of a sensing service (or sensing task). The sensing service request may carry at least one of the following: a group sensing service identifier, a first device identifier, and the like.

[0226] After receiving the sensing service request, the first device may also send a group sensing capability request to multiple sensing receiving devices. The group sensing capability request may carry a group sensing service identifier, a first device identifier, etc. Then, the subsequent processing such as each sensing receiving device reporting its capability is performed, which will not be repeated here.

[0227] In conjunction with Figure 9, another possible architecture of the communication method provided in this embodiment is described. Figure 9 illustrates a downlink group perception scenario in which a base station sends a downlink signal, multiple UEs receive an echo signal, and a group key is used. In Figure 9, the base station is the aforementioned first device, and any one of the multiple UEs is the aforementioned second device. The base station can simultaneously trigger a single UE or multiple UEs to perform downlink perception measurements based on the downlink perception signal according to the perception measurement requirements. To ensure the security of the perception signal, the transmitting base station encrypts the public perception reference signal based on the shared group key K to form an encrypted perception reference signal. Each UE generates the same encrypted perception reference signal as the base station based on the group key K, and then performs channel estimation on the received echo signal, obtains the perception measurement result and sends it to the perception function entity. Based on the scenario of Figure 9, in conjunction with Figure 10, taking the aforementioned first device as the base station and the second device as any one UE in the group (i.e., multiple UEs that receive the echo signal of the perception reference signal) as an example, an exemplary description of the aforementioned communication method is given:

[0228] Step 1000: The base station and UE configure group information through 5GC, including sensing application ID, group key K, group ID, group member ID, etc.

[0229] Step 1001: A sensing function entity (such as any one of AF / SF / Sensing client / Client UE) triggers a group sensing service request to a base station.

[0230] Step 1002: The base station sends a group sensing capability request to the UE, where the request includes a group sensing service identifier, a base station identifier, etc.

[0231] Steps 1003 to 1007 are the same as steps 503 to 507 shown in FIG. 5 , except that the key becomes a group key and the base station downlink reference signal can be sent in a multicast manner.

[0232] It should be pointed out that in the process illustrated in Figure 10, the description is mainly for the interaction between the second device, that is, any UE and the base station. In actual processing, each of the multiple UEs that receive the echo signal of the perception reference signal performs the same processing as the second device (that is, any one of the aforementioned UEs), but they are not repeated one by one.

[0233] In some possible implementations, the first device and the second device may be devices in a communication network (such as a mobile communication network or a cellular network), and the first device is a device in a sensing transmission group. Specifically, the first device is a terminal, the second device is an access network device, and the multiple devices in the sensing transmission group to which the first device belongs all transmit sensing reference signals.

[0234] In this implementation, the perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal. Possible types of the uplink perception reference signal are the same as those in the previous embodiment and are not described repeatedly.

[0235] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key. The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device. Specifically, the shared key is a group key shared by the sensing transmission group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0236] In this embodiment, the sensing sending group to which the first device belongs may include multiple sensing sending devices for sending sensing reference signals, and the multiple sensing sending devices include the first device.

[0237] The second device and each sensing sending device in the sensing sending group can exchange group information in advance. Here, the exchange can be the second device sending group information to each sensing sending device. This exchange of group information allows the second device and each sensing sending device to obtain the same group-related configuration. The content that this group information may contain is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0238] The reference signal sequence may be a random sequence or a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence. The description of the reference signal sequence is the same as that of the reference signal sequence in the aforementioned embodiment related to the uplink reference perception signal, and is not repeated here.

[0239] The specific method for generating the first reference signal sequence and the specific method for the first device to generate an uplink perception reference signal are the same as those in the previous embodiment, differing only in that the shared key in this embodiment is a group key, and therefore are not described in detail here. Unlike the previous embodiment, in this embodiment, the first device is any one of the perception transmitting devices in the perception transmitting group, and each perception transmitting device in the perception transmitting group performs the same processing as the first device. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment does not describe each of these in detail here.

[0240] The processing performed by the second device after receiving the echo signal of the perception reference signal may include: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain a second reference signal sequence; and generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence. The specific processing of the second device is the same as in the aforementioned embodiment, except that the shared key in this embodiment is a group key, and therefore, description thereof is omitted. The specific processing method for the second device to obtain the perception measurement data, as well as the processing by the second device to transmit the perception measurement data after obtaining the perception measurement data, are also the same as in the aforementioned embodiment and are omitted here.

[0241] The difference from the previous embodiment is that in this embodiment, the first device is any one of the perception sending devices in the perception sending group, and each perception sending device in the perception sending group performs the same processing as the first device. Therefore, the second device will receive the echo signal of the perception reference signal of each perception sending device in the multiple perception sending devices. The second device can perform the same processing on the echo signal of the perception reference signal of each perception sending device, and finally obtain the perception measurement data corresponding to each perception sending device. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment does not go into details one by one.

[0242] It should be noted that, since the second device obtains the perception measurement data corresponding to each perception sending device, the second device sending the perception measurement data to the perception function entity may include at least one of the following: the second device sending the perception measurement data corresponding to each perception sending device to the perception function entity; or the second device sending relevant information about the perception measurement data to the perception function entity, where the relevant information about the perception measurement data is obtained based on the perception measurement data corresponding to each perception sending device. The relevant information about the perception measurement data may be obtained by processing the perception measurement data corresponding to each perception sending device, or may be a set obtained by associating the identifier of each perception sending device with the corresponding perception measurement data, etc., and these are not limited or exhaustive herein.

[0243] Before the first device (each sensing sending device) sends the sensing reference signal and before the second device receives the echo signal of the sensing reference signal, it is also necessary to determine or pre-configure relevant configuration information.

[0244] In one embodiment, on the second device side, an encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is predetermined. On the first device side, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence may be preconfigured. Specifically, among multiple sensing transmitting devices, the encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence of each sensing transmitting device may be preconfigured by the second device for each sensing transmitting device.

[0245] The processing by the first device before pre-configuring the encryption algorithm further includes: reporting capabilities of the first device to the second device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: configuration information related to the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the second device may further include: receiving capabilities of the first device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: configuration information related to the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0246] Specifically, each sensing sending device will perform a process of reporting its own capability to the second device. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the second device may also include: receiving the capability of each sensing sending device.

[0247] The manner in which the second device determines the encryption algorithm may include: the second device determining the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of each sensing sending device; or the second device determining the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the second device and the capabilities of each sensing sending device. The capabilities of each sensing sending device may include one or more optional encryption algorithms that each sensing sending device can support, and / or the highest encryption algorithm that each sensing sending device can support. The manner in which the second device determines the encryption algorithm is similar to the manner in which the first device determines the encryption algorithm and is not limited thereto.

[0248] The processing by the second device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to the first device. Accordingly, the processing by the first device may include: receiving an encryption algorithm configured by the second device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0249] Specifically, the processing of the second device may further include: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to each sensing transmitting device. Accordingly, the processing of each sensing transmitting device may include: receiving an encryption algorithm configured by the second device for encrypting the reference signal sequence.

[0250] In one embodiment, on the second device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is predetermined. On the first device side, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal is preconfigured. Specifically, among multiple perception sending devices, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal of each perception sending device may be preconfigured by the second device for each perception receiving device.

[0251] Each sensing sending device will perform a process of reporting its own capability to the second device. Before determining the encryption algorithm, the second device may also include: receiving the capability of each sensing sending device.

[0252] The manner in which the second device determines the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may include: the second device determining the configuration information related to the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of each perception sending device; or the second device determining the configuration information related to the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the second device and the capabilities of each perception sending device. The capabilities of each perception sending device may further include the perception capabilities of each perception sending device. The description of the perception capabilities of each perception sending device is the same as that of the perception capabilities of the first device or the second device in the aforementioned embodiments and is not repeated here.

[0253] The processing by the second device may further include: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to the first device. Accordingly, the processing by the first device may include: receiving the configuration information related to the perception reference signal configured by the second device. Specifically, the processing by the second device may further include: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to each perception sending device. Accordingly, the processing by each perception sending device may include: receiving the configuration information related to the perception reference signal configured by the second device.

[0254] Assuming that the second device is an access network device and multiple perception sending devices are multiple terminals, multiple terminals report the capabilities of the terminals to the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the multiple terminals, and then send the relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal to the multiple terminals, so that the multiple terminals determine the same relevant configuration information and encryption algorithm of the perception reference signal as the access network device.

[0255] In the above scenario, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in the same information or message. Alternatively, the configuration information and encryption algorithm related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in different information or messages. This is not an exhaustive list of all possible scenarios.

[0256] In some possible examples, the processing of the second device may further include: receiving a sensing service request from the sensing function entity, where the sensing service request may be used to trigger the execution of the sensing service (or sensing task). The sensing service request may carry at least one of the following: a group sensing service identifier, a first device identifier, and the like.

[0257] After receiving the sensing service request, the second device may also send a group sensing capability request to multiple sensing sending devices. The group sensing capability request may carry a group sensing service identifier, a first device identifier, etc. Then, the subsequent processing such as each sensing sending device reporting its capability is performed, which will not be repeated here.

[0258] In conjunction with Figure 11, another possible architecture of the communication method provided in this embodiment is illustrated. Figure 11 illustrates an uplink group perception scenario in which multiple UEs send perception reference signals, a base station receives an uplink echo signal, and a group key is used. Any one of the multiple UEs in Figure 11 is the aforementioned first device, and the base station is the aforementioned second device. The base station can simultaneously trigger a single terminal or multiple terminals to send an uplink perception signal for uplink perception measurement according to the perception measurement requirements. To ensure the security of the perception signal, the group UE encrypts the public perception reference signal based on the shared group key K to form an encrypted perception reference signal. The base station generates the same encrypted perception reference signal as that of each UE end based on the group key K, and then performs channel estimation on each received echo signal, obtains the perception measurement result and sends it to the perception function entity. Based on the scenario of Figure 11, in conjunction with Figure 12, taking the aforementioned second device as the base station and the first device as any one UE in the group (i.e., multiple UEs sending perception reference signals) as an example, an exemplary description of the aforementioned communication method is given:

[0259] Step 1200: The base station and UE configure group information via 5GC, including the sensing application ID, group key K, group ID, and group member IDs. The group key can be a physical layer group key generated by the UEs and base station, or a group key issued by a new key management network element.

[0260] Step 1201: A sensing function entity (such as any one of AF / SF / Sensing client / Client UE) triggers a group sensing service request to a base station.

[0261] Step 1202: The base station sends a group sensing capability request to the UE, where the request includes a group sensing service identifier, a base station identifier, etc.

[0262] Steps 1203 to 1207 are the same as steps 803 to 807 shown in FIG8 , except that the key (or shared key) is changed to a group key, and description thereof will not be repeated.

[0263] It should be pointed out that in the process illustrated in Figure 12, the description is mainly for the interaction between the first device, that is, any UE and the base station. In actual processing, each of the multiple UEs that send perception reference signals performs the same processing as the first device (that is, any one of the aforementioned UEs), but they are not repeated one by one.

[0264] In some possible implementations, the first device and the second device may be devices in a WLAN, wherein the first device is a wireless access point (AP) and the second device is a station (STA); or the first device is a STA and the second device is an AP.

[0265] In this embodiment, the perception reference signal may be a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The PPDU may specifically refer to a PPDU used for perception.

[0266] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key, where the shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device.

[0267] In this embodiment, the reference signal sequence may be the entire contents of all fields in the PPDU used for sensing, or the contents of a designated field. The designated field may include at least one of the field containing the preamble, the field containing the long training sequence, the field containing the short training sequence, and the field containing the training sequence. For example, the reference signal sequence may be the training sequence (TRN) in the PPDU used for sensing, the long training sequence and / or the short training sequence in the PPDU used for sensing, or the entire data content in the PPDU used for sensing. Since the format of the PPDU used for sensing may vary depending on actual needs, this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively enumerate all possible fields or types or names of some designated fields that may be included in the PPDU. As long as some or all fields within a frame used for sensing may be used as reference signal sequences in actual processing, they are within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0268] In a preferred example, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the first reference signal sequence is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0269] In an optional example, the first reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the first reference signal sequence is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0270] Generating the perception reference signal based on the first reference signal sequence may include: the first device processing the first reference signal sequence to obtain the perception reference signal. Regarding the specific processing method of the first device on the first reference signal sequence, it may include modulation, frequency modulation, etc., which are not exhaustive or limited here.

[0271] After receiving the echo signal of the sensing reference signal, the second device may process the signal by: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key to obtain a second reference signal sequence; and generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence. Because the second device and the first device need to generate the same reference signal sequence using the same generation method, the method for generating the reference signal sequence by the second device is not repeatedly described here.

[0272] In a preferred example, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the second reference signal sequence is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0273] In an optional example, the second reference signal sequence is obtained by directly encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the shared key. The specific calculation method of the second reference signal sequence is the same as that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0274] The second device generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence may include: the second device processing the second reference signal sequence to obtain an encrypted reference signal. The specific processing method for the second device to obtain the encrypted reference signal should be the same as the processing method for the first device to obtain the sensing reference signal, and the specific processing method is not exhaustive or limited here. It should be noted that the encrypted reference signal does not need to be transmitted. In other words, the second device only needs to modulate to obtain an encrypted reference signal to be transmitted.

[0275] The perception measurement data on the second device is obtained based on a channel estimation value, where the channel estimation value is calculated based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal. Obtaining the perception measurement data on the second device and the specific content that the perception measurement data may include are the same as in the previous embodiment and are not further described.

[0276] After obtaining the perception measurement data, the second device may locally use the perception measurement data. Alternatively, after obtaining the perception measurement data, the second device may further include: sending the perception measurement data to the first device. Alternatively, after obtaining the perception measurement data, the second device may further include: sending the perception measurement data to the perception function entity.

[0277] In some possible examples, the processing by the first device may further include: sending a perception service request to the second device. Accordingly, the processing by the second device may further include: receiving the perception service request from the first device. The perception service request may be used to trigger the execution of the perception service (or perception task). The perception service request may carry at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a first device identifier, and the like.

[0278] After receiving the sensing service request, the second device may also send a sensing service response to the first device. After receiving the sensing service response from the second device, the first device may perform subsequent processing such as sending the sensing reference signal, which will not be repeated here.

[0279] In conjunction with Figure 13, another possible architecture of the communication method provided in this embodiment is illustrated. Figure 13 illustrates a Wi-Fi sensing scenario, in which the first device is a sensing sending device, such as a sensing initiator / transmitter, specifically an AP, that is, the AP is used to send a sensing reference signal (in this example, it can be the PPDU for sensing illustrated in Figure 13), and the second device is a sensing receiving device, such as a sensing responder / receiver, specifically an STA, that is, the STA is used to receive and perform sensing measurements. To ensure the security of the sensing signal, the transmitting end AP encrypts the reference sequence TRN in the PPDU into TRN1 based on the shared key K, and the receiving end STA generates the same TRN1 based on the shared key K, and then performs channel estimation on the received sensing signal, obtains the sensing measurement result and sends it to the AP. Based on the scenario of Figure 13, in conjunction with Figure 14, taking AP as the aforementioned first device and STA as the aforementioned second device as an example, another exemplary illustration of the aforementioned communication method is provided:

[0280] Step 1400: The AP and the STA share a key K (the key may be a physical layer key generated by the AP and the STA, or an intermediate key derived from a root key shared by the LAN gateway and the AP).

[0281] Step 1401: The AP sends a sensing service request to the STA, which may be a SensingPolling Trigger frame.

[0282] Step 1402: The STA sends a service awareness response to the AP, which may be a clear to send (CTS)-to-self frame.

[0283] Step 1403: The AP encrypts the training sequence TRN in the sensing signal based on the key K to obtain the TRN1 sequence; then the AP sends the sensing PPDU.

[0284] Here, sensing measurements for the sub-7 GHz band defined in IEEE 802.11bf are based on existing beamforming probe sequences with some custom modifications to support sensing use cases. Reusing null packets (NDPs) can bring multiple benefits. First, most existing Wi-Fi devices already implement the IEEE 802.11 beamforming protocol. Therefore, by reusing similar probe frame exchanges, these devices will be relatively easy to upgrade to support sensing capabilities. Second, the NDP used for beamforming has all the training fields necessary for sensing, such as short training field (STF) and long training field (LTF), while not having any data payload that is not required for sensing. Therefore, using NDP frames for sensing can minimize communication overhead.

[0285] Optionally, as shown in Figure 15a, an NDP format includes: a Preamble field, a Data field, and multiple TRN (training sequence) fields; wherein the Preamble field and the Data field are used to point the sensing receiver to the los or optimal path, and the TRN is used to scan different areas for sensing. In this scenario, the AP encrypts the TRN sequence as follows: the AP performs a HASH operation on the shared key K to obtain the pilot key Kp (i.e., the first key), and encrypts the TRN reference sequence (i.e., the sensing reference sequence) based on the pilot key Kp to obtain the first reference signal sequence TRN1, for example, using the AES algorithm: In addition to AES, it can also be HASH algorithm, SHA-256, etc.

[0286] Optionally, as shown in Figure 15b, a PPDU format includes: a Non-HT (Legacy) Short Training Field (L-STF), a Non-HT (Legacy) Long Training Field (L-LTF), a Non-HT (Legacy) Signal Field (L-SIG), and Data (i.e., a Non-HT Data Field). The Data field includes: a Service field, which may contain 16 zeros and is used to initialize the data scrambler; a PSDU, which may contain a PLCP Service Data Unit (PSDU), which is a variable-length field; a Tail field, which is the tail bit required to terminate the convolutional code and uses six zeros for a single coded stream; and Pad Bits, which are variable-length fields required to ensure that the Non-HT Data field contains an integer number of symbols. When the PPDU is an NDP, the Data field is null. In this scenario, the aforementioned TRN sequence can be replaced by at least part of the other fields in Figure 15b, for example, it can be replaced by the aforementioned data field, or it can be replaced by all of the aforementioned fields, or it can be replaced by the aforementioned long training field and / or short training field, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0287] Optionally, as shown in Figure 15c, another PPDU format includes: a preamble field, which includes a long field (Long) and a short field (Short). Specifically, the preamble field (used for synchronization, totaling 12 symbols) includes an STS (Short Training Sequence) field, which may include 10 short symbols; the preamble field includes an LTS (Long Training Sequence) field, which may include 2 long symbols. It may also include a signal field, which includes 1 symbol; and data or payload, which includes Data1 to DataN fields, which may include a variable number of OFDM symbols, with each Data field including 1 OFDM symbol. When the PPDU is an NDP, the data field is null. In this scenario, the aforementioned TRN sequence can be replaced by at least part of the other fields in Figure 15c, for example, it can be replaced by the aforementioned data field, or it can be replaced by all of the aforementioned fields, or it can be replaced by the aforementioned long training field and / or short training field, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0288] The process of the AP sending the perception PPDU may include: the AP may perform modulation, layer mapping, precoding, resource mapping and other processes on the perception PPDU according to the 802.11bf protocol to form a perception reference signal (perception PPDU) and send it through the antenna.

[0289] Here, IEEE 802.11bf reuses existing Wi-Fi waveforms and channels defined by earlier IEEE 802.11 standards to support Wi-Fi awareness in the sub-7 GHz bands (i.e., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands) and the 60 GHz millimeter wave band. In the sub-7 GHz band, the waveform modulation is based on OFDM. A channel is typically 20 MHz wide, and a channel bandwidth of up to 320 MHz can be possible. In the 60 GHz band, the waveform modulation is a single carrier. Each channel is 2.16 GHz wide, and a bonded channel of up to 8.64 GHz can be possible.

[0290] Step 1404: The STA receives the sensing echo signal reflected by the sensing target. Based on the key K, the STA generates the same TRN1 sequence as the AP. The STA performs channel estimation based on TRN1 and the received echo signal to obtain sensing measurement data. The STA's reference training sequence TRN1 is identical to the reference training sequence transmitted by the AP, so typical channel estimation methods can accurately estimate the signal.

[0291] Step 1405 (optional): The STA sends the acquired perception measurement data to the AP.

[0292] By adopting the above scheme, the perception reference sequence can be encrypted on the first device side, thereby generating and sending an encrypted perception reference signal. In this way, it can be ensured that the second device generates the encrypted perception reference signal in the same way, so that correct channel estimation can be performed and perception measurement data can be obtained. In this way, the second device can complete the perception measurement while resisting eavesdropping attacks, thereby improving the security of the perception reference signal.

[0293] In combination with relevant technologies, the beneficial effects of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application are further analyzed and explained.

[0294] With reference to Figure 16, the perception scenarios can be divided into the following four categories: Among them, the first type of UE-gNB perception can be used for most perception scenarios, including the scenario where the gNB sends a perception signal and the UE receives the reflected signal of the perception signal (the reflected signal can be called an echo signal in some possible examples), as well as the scenario where the UE sends a perception signal and the gNB receives the reflected signal of the perception signal; the second type of UE perception is suitable for to C mode perception and can be used in scenarios with limited perception range indoors, including the scenario where UE1 sends a perception signal and UE2 receives the reflected signal of the perception signal, as well as the scenario where the UE sends a perception signal and receives the reflected signal of the perception signal; the third type of gNB perception is suitable for to B mode perception and can be used in scenarios with a larger perception range outdoors, including the scenario where gNB1 sends a perception signal and gNB2 receives the reflected signal of the perception signal, as well as the scenario where the gNB sends a perception signal and receives the reflected signal of the perception signal. In the fourth type of multi-site sensing, there is collaborative sensing of multiple sensing nodes. These sensing nodes can be UEs or base stations. For example, a gNB sends a sensing signal, and UE1 and UE2 receive the sensing signal (specifically, the reflected signal of the sensing signal). For another example, gNB1 and gNB2 send a sensing signal, and the UE receives the sensing signal (specifically, the reflected signal of the sensing signal).

[0295] The UE uses one or more non-3GPP sensors (such as cameras, lidar, and 3GPP-based sensors) for sensing. In 3GPP 5G wireless sensing, sensor transmitters and sensor receivers sense surrounding stationary and moving objects through time difference of arrival (TDoA), angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD) measurements, RSSI, and other metrics. Taking UE-to-base station (BS) sensing as an example, as shown in Figure 17, the BS transmits sensing signals to multiple sensing targets (targets 1 to K in Figure 17, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 2). UE1 and UE2 can receive the reflected signals of each sensing signal, respectively. Transparent sensing is a use case in which 3GPP sensing data is captured and communicated by the sensor transmitter and / or sensor receiver, making the 5GS aware of the 3GPP sensing data. Non-3GPP sensing data is the result of non-3GPP sensors and is transparent to the 5GS. Based on this information, service activation procedures can be defined.

[0296] In Release 19, 3GPP initiated research on converged sensing communication services. TR 22.837 addresses sensing use cases and related requirements. From a service perspective, sensing is an extension of positioning. Sensing services have the following characteristics: large volumes of sensing data; sensing results contain diverse information, such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and posture in human monitoring; and environmental characteristics in environmental monitoring. The sensing targets can be connected devices (such as UEs) or unconnected objects (e.g., environmental perception or human perception); sensing results can encompass multiple service requirements, such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and target location generated by the same sensing signaling. Sensing also involves scenarios where multiple sensing nodes collaborate, such as when multiple UEs receive sensing signals. Current 3GPP security primarily encrypts and protects data integrity at the PDCP layer, which fails to protect underlying channel state information. Furthermore, even if reference signal configuration parameters (such as time) are encrypted at higher layers, their detection resistance is typically less than that of a 128-bit key, making it easy for attackers to analyze and obtain the reference signal configuration.

[0297] To address the growing demand for wireless sensing, the 802.11 working group initiated a project called 802.11bf (Wi-Fi sensing), which aims to support device-free target sensing for a wide range of use cases. 802.11bf refers to the use of wireless signals received from 802.11 stations to obtain measurements that may be useful for determining characteristics (e.g., range, velocity, angle, detection, imaging) of intended targets (e.g., objects, people, animals, environments) within an area of ​​interest (e.g., a room, house, vehicle, enterprise). As outlined in the project's Authorization Request (PAR) and Guidelines for Standard Development (CSD) documents, 802.11bf aims to develop an amendment to the 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC), Directed Multi-Gigabit (DMG), and Enhanced Directed Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical (PHY) to enhance sensing operation in unlicensed frequency bands from 1 GHz to 7.125 GHz and above 45 GHz. This amendment is expected to support diverse sensing applications in everyday life while ensuring backward compatibility and coexistence with existing or legacy 802.11 devices operating in the same frequency bands. Based on the 802.11ax and 802.11be standard revisions, it implements Sub-7 GHz sensing. It can achieve up to 320 MHz of bandwidth and sensing measurements in up to eight 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands, supporting sensing applications that require high resolution and good coverage.

[0298] By definition, a perception initiator is a station (AP station or non-AP station) that starts the perception process by sending a perception measurement setup request frame. A perception responder is a station that participates in the perception process initiated by the perception initiator by sending a perception measurement setup response frame. A perception transmitter is a station that transmits PPDU for perception during the sensing process. A perception receiver is a station that obtains perception measurements by receiving the PPDU transmitted by the perception transmitter. IEEE 802.11bf defines two variants of perception measurements below 7 GHz. TB (Trigger-based) perception measurement is applicable to scenarios where the AP acts as the perception initiator, while non-TB (non-trigger-based) perception measurement is applicable to scenarios where a non-AP STA acts as the perception initiator.

[0299] Depending on whether the sensing initiator is also a sensing transmitter or a sensing receiver, sensing measurement reports may or may not be required during the WLAN sensing process. Specifically, if the sensing initiator is also a sensing receiver, the initiator performs the measurements and obtains the results independently, without the need to compile a separate sensing measurement report. Conversely, if the sensing initiator is also a sensing transmitter, the sensing receiver performs the measurements. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the sensing initiator obtains the sensing measurement results, and the sensing receiver is obligated to report them back to the initiator. In WLAN scenarios, various scenarios can also exist. In one scenario, a STA can transmit a sensing signal and receive a reflected signal (or echo signal); in another scenario, a STA can initiate a sensing signal, and an AP can receive and send an echo or reflected signal to the STA, or the AP can transmit a sensing signal to the STA; yet another scenario can involve multiple sensing nodes, for example, multiple STAs can initiate sensing signals, and the AP can receive the sensing signals (or their echo or reflected signals); in another example, an AP can initiate a sensing signal, and multiple STAs can receive the sensing signals (or their reflected or echo signals), and so on.

[0300] The sensing process for the sub-7 GHz Sensing Initiator and Sensing Responder is shown in Figure 18 and includes the following steps: Sensing Session Setup, which is the process by which sensing-capable devices discover each other, establish a secure environment, and exchange basic sensing capabilities. This establishes the necessary initial steps for initiating subsequent sensing measurements; Sensing Measurement Setup, which is the process by which the Sensing Initiator and Sensing Responder negotiate and agree on the operating parameters related to a specific sensing application, including role assignment (transmitter or receiver), PHY parameters (bandwidth, number of spatial streams, etc.), sensing measurement report type, and preferred scheduling information (sensing period, duration, etc.); Sensing Measurement Instance, which is the process by which the actual sensing measurement occurs; Sensing Measurement Termination, which terminates the established sensing measurement setup; and Sensing Session Termination, which terminates the established sensing session. Unipolar sensing, which is self-transmitting and self-receiving, does not consider or perform sensing session establishment and sensing measurement establishment.

[0301] With the development of Wi-Fi sensing technology, security and privacy issues have also attracted attention. Currently, there are two types of security and privacy issues in Wi-Fi sensing: 1) Confidentiality and integrity protection of sensing reports. Potential solutions to sensing report eavesdropping include secure communication that encrypts sensing measurements during feedback. 2) Sensing packet / signal eavesdropping. Potential solutions to sensing packet / signal eavesdropping include physical layer security methods that encrypt the packets / signals used to obtain sensing measurements.

[0302] The above analysis shows that sensing research is in its infancy within 3GPP, and security standards for sensing have yet to be finalized. Compared to positioning technology, sensing target information is associated with private data, such as human body data in smart home or smart health / medical scenarios. The leakage of sensing signal CSI (CSI) can lead to the leakage of this sensitive data, posing security and privacy issues. Even using existing 3GPP security technologies to encrypt the transmission of sensing reference signal configuration parameters (RRC encrypted transmission), attackers can still obtain the sensing signal configuration parameters through techniques such as blind detection and parameter estimation, and then perform channel estimation on the sensing signals to steal sensing data. Sensing has become a key technology for 6G. However, because sensing signals (such as SRS, PRS, DL-PRS) and measured sensing data typically originate from lower layers (i.e., PHY or MAC), eavesdroppers can easily obtain sensing channel state information and infer the target's private information, such as heart rate and movement. Existing 3GPP security mechanisms struggle to protect the underlying CSI. To address the security issues of CSI (Cognitive Signal Integrity), this paper proposes a physical layer security protection method. The transmitter uses a shared key to encrypt the CSI sequence at the physical layer. The receiver uses the same key to generate an encrypted CSI sequence and performs channel estimation on the received echo signal to obtain CSI measurement data. This application can resist CSI eavesdropping attacks and is compatible with existing NR reference signal generation standard procedures.

[0303] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0304] The first processing unit 1901 is configured to generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a shared key;

[0305] The first communication unit 1902 is configured to send the perception reference signal, where the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

[0306] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0307] The shared key is a key shared by the first device and a second device, and the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0308] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

[0309] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0310] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0311] The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

[0312] The first communication unit is configured to send relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the second device.

[0313] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

[0314] The first communication unit is configured to send an encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence to the second device.

[0315] The first communication unit is configured to report capabilities of the first device to the second device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0316] The first communication unit is configured to receive capabilities of the second device.

[0317] The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

[0318] The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0319] The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

[0320] The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0321] The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

[0322] The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0323] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0324] The second communication unit 2001 is configured to receive an echo signal of a perception reference signal and send perception measurement data, where the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

[0325] The second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0326] The perception measurement data is obtained based on a channel estimation value, wherein the channel estimation value is calculated based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal.

[0327] The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device, and the first device is the device that sends the perception reference signal.

[0328] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

[0329] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0330] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0331] The second communication unit is configured to send relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the first device.

[0332] The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

[0333] The second communication unit is configured to send an encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence to the first device.

[0334] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

[0335] The second communication unit is configured to receive capabilities of the first device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0336] The second communication unit is configured to report the capability of the second device to the first device.

[0337] The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

[0338] The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0339] The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

[0340] The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0341] The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

[0342] The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0343] It should be pointed out that although the above Figure 20 only illustrates that the second device includes a second communication unit, in actual processing, the second device may also include a second processing unit. The second processing unit can be used to perform encryption calculations, generate a second reference signal sequence, generate an encrypted reference signal, calculate channel estimation values, and obtain perception measurement data and other related processing. The specific processing that can be performed by the second processing unit is the same as the description of the related processing performed by the second device in the aforementioned communication method embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0344] The device of the embodiment of the present application can realize the corresponding functions of each device in the aforementioned communication method embodiment. The process, function, implementation method and beneficial effect corresponding to each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in each device can be found in the corresponding description in the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described by each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in each device of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0345] Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 2100 includes a processor 2110, which can call and execute a computer program from a memory to enable the communication device 2100 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0346] In one possible implementation, the communication device 2100 may further include a memory 2120. The processor 2110 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 2120 to enable the communication device 2100 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 2120 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2110 or may be integrated into the processor 2110.

[0347] In one possible implementation, the communication device 2100 may further include a transceiver 2130. The processor 2110 may control the transceiver 2130 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 2130 may send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 2130 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 2130 may further include one or more antennas.

[0348] An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first device to: generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key; and transmit the perception reference signal, wherein the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

[0349] The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0350] The shared key is a key shared by the first device and a second device, and the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the sensing reference signal.

[0351] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

[0352] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0353] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0354] The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

[0355] The instructions further cause the first device to execute: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to the second device.

[0356] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

[0357] The instructions further cause the first device to execute: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to a second device.

[0358] The instruction further causes the first device to execute: reporting capabilities of the first device to the second device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0359] The instructions further cause the first device to: receive capabilities of the second device.

[0360] The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

[0361] The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0362] The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

[0363] The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0364] The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

[0365] The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0366] An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the first device to: receive an echo signal of a perception reference signal; and send perception measurement data, wherein the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

[0367] The second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key.

[0368] The perception measurement data is obtained based on a channel estimation value, wherein the channel estimation value is calculated based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal.

[0369] The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device, and the first device is the device that sends the perception reference signal.

[0370] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

[0371] The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

[0372] The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

[0373] The instruction further causes the second device to execute: sending configuration information related to the perception reference signal to the first device.

[0374] The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

[0375] The instructions further cause the second device to execute: sending an encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence to the first device.

[0376] The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

[0377] The instructions further cause the second device to execute: receiving capabilities of the first device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

[0378] The instructions further cause the second device to perform: reporting capabilities of the second device to the first device.

[0379] The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

[0380] The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0381] The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

[0382] The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0383] The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

[0384] The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0385] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a chip 2200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 2200 includes a processor 2210, which can access and execute computer programs from a memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application. In one possible implementation, the chip 2200 may also include a memory 2220. The processor 2210 can access and execute computer programs from the memory 2220 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application performed by an access network device or a core network device. The memory 2220 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2210 or integrated into the processor 2210. In one possible implementation, the chip 2200 may also include an input interface 2230. The processor 2210 may control the input interface 2230 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip 2200 may also include an output interface 2240. Among them, the processor 2210 can control the output interface 2240 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip can be applied to each device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by each device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, it is not repeated here. It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0386] The processor mentioned above may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array, an application-specific integrated circuit, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. The general-purpose processor mentioned above may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, or the like. The memory mentioned above may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory.

[0387] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memory is exemplary but not restrictive. For example, the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be static random access memory, dynamic random access memory, etc. In other words, the memory in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0388] Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 2300 includes a first device 2310 and a second device 2320. In the above embodiments, they can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, they can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a hard disk), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state drive), etc.

[0389] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0390] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0391] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method performed by a first device, comprising: Generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key; The perception reference signal is sent, wherein the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device, and the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the perception reference signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the second device.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The method further comprises: An encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence is sent to the second device.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 9, wherein: The method further comprises: Reporting the capability of the first device to the second device, wherein the capability of the first device is used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and an encryption algorithm.

12. The method according to claim 8 or 10, wherein: The method further comprises: Capabilities of the second device are received.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 and 11, wherein: The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, 8, 10, 12, wherein: The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

19. A communication method performed by a second device, comprising: receiving an echo signal of a sensing reference signal; Sending perception measurement data, wherein the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein: The perception measurement data is obtained based on a channel estimation value, wherein the channel estimation value is calculated based on an echo signal of the encrypted reference signal and the perception reference signal.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein: The shared key is a key shared by a first device and the second device, and the first device is a device that sends the perception reference signal.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

24. The method according to claim 22, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein: The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the first device.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein: The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

28. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein: The method further comprises: An encryption algorithm for encrypting the reference signal sequence is sent to the first device.

29. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein: The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

30. The method according to claim 26 or 28, wherein: The method further comprises: Receive capabilities of the first device, wherein the capabilities of the first device are used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and an encryption algorithm.

31. The method according to claim 27 or 29, wherein: The method further comprises: Report capabilities of the second device to the first device.

32. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 26, 28 and 30, wherein: The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein: The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

34. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, 27, 29 and 31, wherein: The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein: The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

36. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein: The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein: The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

38. A first device, comprising: A first processing unit, configured to generate a perception reference signal based on a first reference signal sequence, wherein the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key; The first communication unit is configured to send the perception reference signal, wherein the perception reference signal is used to obtain perception measurement data.

39. The first device according to claim 38, wherein: The first reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a first key, wherein the first key is calculated based on the shared key.

40. The first device according to claim 38 or 39, wherein: The shared key is a key shared by the first device and the second device, and the second device is a device that receives an echo signal of the perception reference signal.

41. The first device according to claim 40, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

42. The first device according to claim 40, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

43. The first device according to any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein: The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

44. The first device according to claim 43, wherein The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

45. The first device according to claim 43, wherein The first communication unit is configured to send relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the second device.

46. ​​The first device according to any one of claims 38 to 43, wherein: The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

47. The first device according to any one of claims 38 to 43, wherein: The first communication unit is used to send an encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence to the second device.

48. The first device according to claim 44 or 46, wherein: The first communication unit is used to report the capability of the first device to the second device, wherein the capability of the first device is used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

49. The first device according to claim 45 or 47, wherein: The first communication unit is used to receive the capability of the second device.

50. The first device according to any one of claims 38-44, 46, and 48, wherein: The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

51. The first device according to claim 50, wherein The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

52. The first device according to any one of claims 38-43, 45, 47, 49, wherein: The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

53. The first device according to claim 52, wherein: The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

54. The first device according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein: The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

55. The first device according to claim 54, wherein The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

56. A second device, comprising: A second communication unit, configured to receive an echo signal of a sensing reference signal; Sending perception measurement data, wherein the perception measurement data is obtained based on an encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the perception reference signal, the encrypted reference signal is generated based on a second reference signal sequence, and the second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting a reference signal sequence based on a shared key.

57. The second device according to claim 56, wherein The second reference signal sequence is obtained by encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a second key, wherein the second key is calculated based on the shared key.

58. The second device according to claim 56 or 57, wherein: The perception measurement data is obtained based on a channel estimation value, wherein the channel estimation value is calculated based on an echo signal of the encrypted reference signal and the perception reference signal.

59. The second device according to any one of claims 56 to 58, wherein: The shared key is a key shared by a first device and the second device, and the first device is a device that sends the perception reference signal.

60. The second device according to claim 59, wherein The shared key is a group key shared by the perception receiving group to which the first device and the second device belong.

61. The second device according to claim 59, wherein: The shared key is a group key shared by the perception sending group to which the first device belongs and the second device.

62. The second device according to any one of claims 56 to 61, wherein: The configuration information related to the perception reference signal includes at least one of the following: a time domain resource of the perception reference signal, a frequency domain resource of the perception reference signal, a spatial domain resource of the perception reference signal, and a transmission mode of the perception reference signal.

63. The second device according to claim 62, wherein: The second communication unit is configured to send relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the first device.

64. The second device according to claim 62, wherein: The relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is pre-configured.

65. The second device according to any one of claims 56 to 62, wherein: The second communication unit is used to send an encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence to the first device.

66. The second device according to any one of claims 56 to 62, wherein: The encryption algorithm used to encrypt the reference signal sequence is preconfigured.

67. The second device according to claim 63 or 65, wherein: The second communication unit is used to receive the capability of the first device, wherein the capability of the first device is used to determine at least one of the following: relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal and the encryption algorithm.

68. The second device according to claim 64 or 66, wherein: The second communication unit is configured to report the capability of the second device to the first device.

69. The second device according to any one of claims 56-63, 65, and 67, wherein: The first device is a terminal, and the second device is an access network device.

70. The second device according to claim 69, wherein The perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

71. The second device according to any one of claims 56-62, 64, 66, and 68, wherein: The first device is an access network device, and the second device is a terminal.

72. The second device according to claim 71, wherein The perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

73. The second device according to any one of claims 56 to 59, wherein: The first device is a wireless access point AP, and the second device is a station STA; or, the first device is a STA, and the second device is an AP.

74. The second device according to claim 73, wherein The perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

75. A first device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the processor being used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the first device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

76. A second device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the processor being used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory so that the second device executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 19 to 37.

77. A chip, comprising: A processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18 or claims 19 to 37.

78. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a device, causes the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 18 or claims 19 to 37.

79. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, the computer program instructions causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 18 or claims 19 to 37.

80. A computer program causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 18 or claims 19 to 37.

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