Spectacle glass for a head-mounted display, head-mounted display and method for designing and manufacturing a spectacle glass

Abstract

The invention relates to a spectacle glass (1, 1a, 1b) for a head-mounted display (100). The spectacle glass (1, 1a, 1b) has a first lens (2) with a curved first lens surface (3), a second lens (4) with a curved second lens surface (5) and a waveguide (6) which is arranged between the first lens (2) and the second lens (4) such that the first lens surface (3) and the second lens surface (5) face away from the waveguide (6). The curvature of one of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) from concave to convex at least in some portions, and the curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) from convex to concave at least in some portions. The invention also relates to a head-mounted display (100), a method (200) for designing a spectacle glass (1, 1a, 1b), a data processing system (400), a computer program, a data set containing data for describing a spectacle glass (1, 1a, 1b) and a method (300) for manufacturing a spectacle glass (1, 1a, 1b).

Description

[0001] Lens for a head-mounted display, head-mounted display and method for designing and manufacturing a lens

[0002] The invention relates to a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display, a head-mounted display, a computer-implemented method for designing a spectacle lens, a data processing system, a computer program, a data set with data for describing a spectacle lens and a method for producing a spectacle lens.

[0003] In ophthalmic optics, weight and thickness reduction, especially for lenses with high diopter corrections, can be achieved by adding a supporting rim, as described in B. Lachenmayr, D. Friedburg, A. Buser: Auge - Brille - Refraktion, 2016, 5th edition, pp. 129 ff. Thieme. Such lenses are also called lenticular lenses.

[0004] With conventional lenticular lenses, both in the minus and plus ranges, the optically corrected area, which can be circular or customized to the shape of the spectacles, abruptly transitions into the wearing rim. This results in a sudden change in the dioptric power at the optical dividing line, which can result in a ring-shaped gap in the wearer's field of vision, a so-called ring defect or ring scotoma, and can significantly impair spatial orientation.

[0005] To prevent such ring defects, a continuous transition zone can be created between the optically corrected area and the wearing edge by continuously changing the dioptric power in the transition zone between the optically corrected area and the edge of the lens. Such lenses are also known as aspheric lenticular lenses and offer the advantage of allowing the wearer to see the entire field of view (FOV) and orient themselves in space without restriction. Although such a lens is free of ring defects, it can cause severe aberrations in the peripheral area when viewed through and from above, such as severe astigmatism.

[0006] Furthermore, waveguide-based monocular or binocular headsets, also known as head-mounted displays, are known from the state of the art. Head-mounted displays, for example in the form of data glasses or AR headsets (AR - Augmented Reality), VR headsets (VR - Virtual Reality), MR headsets (MR - Mixed Reality), VR or MR glasses, or VR or MR helmets, are used in numerous contexts. A head-mounted display can enable a combination of electronically generated images with the image of the environment directly perceived by the user. The light of the electronically generated image is coupled between the inner and outer surfaces of a waveguide using a coupling section and then guided within the waveguide using total resection.The optical path of the electronically generated image is combined with the immediate image of the surroundings using an outcoupling section to decouple the optical path of the electronically generated image toward the eye. The outcoupling section is located on the waveguide for this purpose. Immediately after decoupling, the decoupled light passes through a lens element, if present, such as a so-called pull lens, which is either directly coupled to the waveguide, e.g., by means of an adhesive or similar, or separated from the waveguide by a narrow air gap.

[0007] The design and manufacture of head-mounted displays capable of displaying a full-color image or text to the wearer have been extensively described in the patent literature. Head-mounted displays may include a waveguide and one or more additional lenses, such as push and / or pull lenses, for each eye, as shown in Fig. 1.

[0008] These one or more lenses can be used to 1) correct ametropia of the eye, i.e. a visual impairment caused by a refractive anomaly and / or a change in the axial length of the eye, and / or 2) to make the focus of the virtual image appear at a desired distance (pull lens) without affecting the image of the real environment (push lens), and / or 3) in the case of presbyopia, i.e. age-related farsightedness, to be able to see the environment “sharply” at a desired distance (KRESS, BC: Optical architectures for augmented-, virtual-, and mixed- reality headsets, 2020, SPIE). Limits for an imperceptible deterioration in visual acuity are given in ATCHINSON, DA, Noticeable, troublesome and objectionable limits of blur, Vision Research, Vol. 45, No. 15, pp. 1967-1974, 2005 and ATCHINSON, DA, Blur limits for defocus, astigmatism and trefoil, Vision research, Vol. 49, No. 19, pp. 2393-2403, 2009.

[0009] The required optical effect of the push and / or pull lenses does not necessarily extend across the entire visible area of ​​the waveguide and is usually centered on the visual axis of the waveguide, as disclosed, for example, in WO 01 / 95 027 A2 (Fig. 2). The term "visible area" refers to the area of ​​the waveguide that is visible when the lens is in use, for example, after fitting it into a head-mounted display, and is not obscured, for example, by the frame.

[0010] For aesthetic reasons, however, it would be more advantageous if the push and pull lenses extended across the entire visible area of ​​the waveguide, so that no sharp edges are visible in the field of view, both in plan view and in transmitted light. However, if the push and pull lenses are enlarged to cover the entire visible area of ​​the waveguide, this results in a high center or edge thickness, especially with high diopter corrections, as well as a high weight of the lenses. Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide possibilities by which the disadvantages described above can be at least partially avoided.

[0011] This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to embodiments of these inventive solutions.

[0012] A first aspect of the invention relates to a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display. The spectacle lens comprises a first lens with a curved first lens surface, a second lens with a curved second lens surface, and a waveguide. The waveguide is arranged between the first lens and the second lens such that the first lens surface and the second lens surface face away from the waveguide, i.e., are arranged opposite the waveguide or point outward toward the eye or toward the surroundings.

[0013] Optionally, a decoupling element or a decoupling structure can be arranged on the waveguide.

[0014] The curvature of one of the two lens surfaces changes from concave to convex, at least in sections, from the inside out. The curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces changes from convex to concave, at least in sections, from the inside out.

[0015] The change in curvature from convex to concave or vice versa can occur, for example, if the lenses are designed in the same way as aspheric lenticular lenses.

[0016] Preferably, the curvature and / or gradient of at least one of the two lens surfaces, particularly preferably both lens surfaces, can change continuously, ie according to a continuous mathematical function.

[0017] It should be noted that the designation as first or second lens, first or second lens surface, etc., merely serves to distinguish between the two lenses or lens surfaces and does not specify a particular arrangement relative to the eye or the surrounding area, unless otherwise stated. For example, depending on the refractive error to be corrected, the first lens can be positioned facing toward or away from the eye, and the lens can be mounted in a frame with the appropriate orientation.

[0018] In other words, the waveguide is at least partially covered or enclosed by the two lenses. Preferably, the first lens and the second lens can completely cover the visible portion of the waveguide when the lens is in use. This can improve aesthetics. Optionally, the first and second lenses can cover the entire waveguide. While this may not further improve aesthetics, it can facilitate the manufacturing of the lens.

[0019] The change in the curvature of the two lens surfaces from the inside to the outside means that the curvature behavior is viewed from a point in the middle of the lens (inside), e.g. from its center point or from the point of passage of the optical axis or the point of passage of the visual axis of the waveguide, towards the surrounding edge or the outer boundary of the lens (outside).

[0020] Viewed differently, the surfaces of each of the two lenses exhibit turning lines.

[0021] An inflection line is the one-dimensional region, i.e., a line, of a continuous surface—in this case, the surface of a lens—at which the curvature, i.e., the second derivative, changes sign. The shape and position of this one-dimensional region, i.e., the line, can be arbitrarily designed. The line can be open or closed; changes in the gradient and curvature of the line itself should preferably also be continuous in gradient and curvature along the closed line or between the ends of the open line.

[0022] The inflection line can, for example, be closed and form a circle or an oval. The shape of the inflection line can be adapted to the shape of the spectacle frame that is to be used with the lens. For example, the shape of the inflection line can be designed such that the distance between the inflection line and the outer edge of the lens surface of the cut lens, i.e., the lens adapted to the frame, is essentially the same.

[0023] By changing the curvature behavior on the lens surfaces, a continuous transition zone, preferably continuous in slope and curvature, is created for each lens between the optically corrected area of ​​the respective lens and its supporting edge, also called the run-out zone.

[0024] The optically corrected area is understood to be an optically effective area arranged essentially centrally on the lens surface, which, when the head-mounted display equipped with the lenses is in use, enables the user to perceive their surroundings as accurately as possible. For this purpose, this area can have an optically corrective effect, e.g. to correct a visual defect of the user. To distinguish it from other optically effective areas, this area is therefore referred to below as the optically corrected area, regardless of whether an optical correction of a visual defect actually occurs. The run-out zone, on the other hand, does not essentially contribute to the desired optical effect and can be designed from a cosmetic point of view, e.g. depending on the spectacle frame to be used.

[0025] The transition zone can preferably be aspherical or designed as a free-form surface. The inflection line, which is introduced for the transition into the transition zone, can run at least partially or completely at the boundary between the optically corrected region and the transition zone, but not in the optically corrected region itself. An aspherical surface can be understood as a rotationally symmetric surface whose surface has surface regions with differing radii of curvature. A free-form surface can be understood in a broader sense as a complex surface which can be represented in particular by means of region-defined functions, in particular twice continuously differentiable region-defined functions. Examples of suitable region-defined functions are (in particular piecewise) polynomial functions (in particular polynomial splines, such asBicubic splines, higher-degree splines of fourth degree or higher, or polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). These must be distinguished from simple surfaces, such as spherical surfaces, aspherical surfaces, cylindrical surfaces, and toric surfaces, which are described as a circle at least along one principal meridian. In particular, a freeform surface does not need to exhibit axial symmetry or point symmetry and can have different values ​​for the mean surface refractive power in different areas of the surface.

[0026] The creation of the continuous transition zone results in a reduction in the center and edge thickness of the lenses, thus also reducing weight. At the same time, an aesthetically pleasing lens can be created, thus increasing user acceptance for wearing such lenses and head-mounted displays. These advantages are even more pronounced with a continuous change in the curvature of at least one of the two lens surfaces.

[0027] The lens surface can be rotationally symmetrical, which can contribute to easier lens manufacturing. The lens can be made of glass or plastic, for example.

[0028] According to various design variants, the lens surface of the lens facing an eye when the spectacle lens is in use can change its curvature from the inside outward, at least in sections, from concave to convex. The lens facing the eye can, for example, be designed as a pull lens.

[0029] Consequently, the surface of the lens facing away from the eye changes from convex to concave, at least in some sections, from the inside out. The lens facing away from the eye can be designed, for example, as a push lens. This design allows the focus of the virtual image to be set at a desired distance without affecting the image of the real environment.

[0030] Preferably, the local curvature of the first lens and the second lens can be opposite to one another in the viewing direction of an eye when the spectacle lens is in use. In other words, the spectacle lens can be designed such that a user of the spectacle lens first looks through a concave region of a lens surface, then the waveguide, and then a convex region of a lens surface. Alternatively, the spectacle lens can be designed such that a user of the spectacle lens first looks through a convex region of a lens surface, then the waveguide, and then a concave region of a lens surface.

[0031] This can help reduce aberrations.

[0032] According to further embodiments, the curvatures of the first and second lens surfaces can be coordinated in such a way that aberrations of the spectacle lens are smaller than aberrations of the first and / or second lens alone.

[0033] Such aberrations can include, for example, distortion, changes in the local diopter number and / or local astigmatism towards the edge of the lens.

[0034] For example, the curvatures of the first and second lens surfaces can be coordinated such that aberrations of the spectacle lens are not greater than 0.1 logMAR (logarithmic minimum angle resolution) in an optically corrected area and / or not greater than 0.6 logMAR, preferably 0.5 logMAR, in a transition zone. This corresponds to a visual acuity of 0.8 for the optically corrected area and 0.25, preferably 0.3, for the transition zone. In other words, the spectacle lens can be designed such that use of the spectacle lens results in a maximum deterioration in visual acuity of 0.1 logMAR in the optically corrected area and 0.6 logMAR in the transition zone.

[0035] In other words, the first and second lens surfaces can be specifically designed such that the aberrations in the edge region known from lenticular lenses are smaller than the aberrations of a single lens due to the combination of the first and second lenses. This means that the optical effects of edge enhancement can at least partially compensate for each other.

[0036] This limitation of aberrations can ensure that no perceptible deterioration in visual acuity is observed when using the lens. This could lead to increased user acceptance of such a lens and a head-mounted display equipped with it.

[0037] According to further embodiments, the first lens and / or the second lens can be designed to correct a visual defect of a user of the spectacle lens.

[0038] In other words, the lens can be adjusted to the individual vision of a user. For example, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and / or presbyopia can be corrected, as is common in ophthalmic optics. Additional devices for correcting vision defects can therefore be eliminated. This can also contribute to greater user acceptance.

[0039] A further aspect of the invention relates to a head-mounted display with a spectacle lens as described above.

[0040] Please refer to the explanations regarding the spectacle lens, which also apply to the head-mounted display. The advantages of the spectacle lens are correspondingly associated with the head-mounted display.

[0041] Another aspect of the invention relates to a computer-implemented method for designing a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display.

[0042] Computer-implemented means that at least one method step, preferably several or all method steps, are carried out using a computer program. The method can be used, for example, to design a spectacle lens as described above.

[0043] The aim of the method is to obtain a data set, e.g. in the form of a numerical or virtual representation, with which the spectacle lens is described, preferably sufficiently described to enable the manufacture of the spectacle lens based on the data set.

[0044] The method comprises the following method steps, which, as explained in more detail below, can be carried out in the stated order or in an order deviating from the stated order and / or completely or partially simultaneously: Obtaining first data, e.g. in the form of a first numerical representation, for describing a first lens with a curved first lens surface, Obtaining second data, e.g. in the form of a second numerical representation, for describing a second lens with a curved second lens surface, Obtaining data, e.g. in the form of a third numerical representation, for describing a waveguide, e.g. its material, element thickness, etc., for arrangement between the first lens and the second lens such that the first lens surface and the second lens surface face away from the waveguide, modeling a first optically corrected region of the first lens surface and optimizing the first optically corrected region for minimal aberrations based on the first data, modeling and optimizing a first transition zone at least partially surrounding the first optically corrected region based on the first data, modeling a second optically corrected region of the second lens surface based on the second data and optimizing the second optically corrected region for minimal aberrations and modeling and optimizing a second runout zone at least partially surrounding the second optically corrected region based on the second data.

[0045] The modeling and optimization of the first and second optical regions, as well as the first and second transition zones, are carried out in such a way that the curvature of one of the two lens surfaces changes from concave to convex, at least in sections, from the inside out, and the curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces changes from convex to concave, at least in sections, from the inside out. Preferably, the change in the gradient and curvature can be continuous.

[0046] Receiving data means that the data has been made available, e.g. by retrieval from a storage medium or input via an input device.

[0047] Optionally, the modeling and optimization of the first and second optical regions, as well as the first and second transition zones, can be carried out in such a way that a data set for describing a spectacle lens is obtained as described above. Reference is made to the above description in this regard. The proposed method accordingly combines the advantages of the spectacle lens.

[0048] Furthermore, a run-out zone can be modeled, which, viewed from the inside out, adjoins the transition zone. The run-out zone can be modeled together with the transition zone or immediately after the transition zone. The run-out zone can serve, for example, to reduce the weight of the optic and ensure a desired aesthetic appearance.

[0049] The shape of the runout zone can be dominated by weight reduction and rigidity and may require additional surface curvature in the transition zone. The optically corrected area of ​​the lens can preferably transition smoothly into the runout zone through a transition zone. In the transition zone, the optical correction decreases progressively radially outward. This counteracts a discontinuous visual impression in the peripheral region of the lens—a compromise between aberration correction and weight / rigidity.

[0050] The optimization and design of the two lens surfaces, for example aspheric or freeform, can be performed iteratively. Initially, the aspheric or freeform contours of the pull lens's lens surface can be optimized for minimal aberrations only for the inner, optically corrected area for the user. Subsequently, the transition zone and, if applicable, the exit zone of the pull lens's lens surface up to the visible edge of the waveguide can be modeled, e.g., according to aesthetic (center thickness, edge thickness) and mechanical (weight, stability) considerations. Finally, the aspheric or freeform contours of the push lens's lens surface can also be further optimized across the entire visible area of ​​the waveguide, i.e., the area of ​​the optically corrected zone, the transition zone, and the exit zone.Thus, the push asphere or push freeform surface can partially compensate for the aberrations introduced by the transition zone of the pull lens and optimize the view. For the inner, optically corrected area, aberrations of no more than approximately 0.1 logMAR or 0.8 visual acuity should ideally result. For the transition zone, the limit can be approximately 0.6 logMAR or 0.25 visual acuity.

[0051] This iterative process is also reversible. It can therefore begin with the push lens design and subsequently be supplemented by further optimizing the aspheric or freeform contour of the pull lens's lens surface. It should also be mentioned that the described modeling and optimization process of the push and pull lens surfaces can also be performed simultaneously, rather than iteratively, using parameters with correspondingly different weightings. Regardless of the optimization sequence or type (iterative or simultaneous), the surface shape of the edge region of one of the lenses can preferentially depend on the surface shape of the other lens, which is optimized with regard to optical, mechanical, and / or aesthetic aspects.

[0052] This type of optimization primarily serves to improve the view through the lens or a head-mounted display equipped with one, as the virtual AR image generally covers a smaller field of view than the entire field of view of the glasses. Furthermore, the optimization offers the possibility of customizing the push and pull lens designs, e.g., adapted to the user's specific visual impairment, the size of the waveguide, and / or the frame size.

[0053] In other words, the following modeling and optimization step sequences may result, among others: a) First, the optically corrected area and the transition zone of the lens surface of the lens facing the eye when the spectacle lens is in use are modeled and optimized. Then, the optically corrected area and the transition zone of the lens surface of the lens facing away from the eye when the spectacle lens is in use are modeled and optimized. b) First, the optically corrected area and the transition zone of the lens surface of the lens facing away from the eye when the spectacle lens is in use are modeled and optimized. Then, the optically corrected area and the transition zone of the lens surface of the lens facing the eye when the spectacle lens is in use are modeled and optimized.c) The first optically corrected area and the second optically corrected area are modeled and optimized simultaneously and / or the first transition zone and the second transition zone are modeled and optimized simultaneously.

[0054] Another aspect of the invention relates to a data processing system comprising a processor. The processor is configured to execute one of the computer-implemented methods explained above for designing a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display.

[0055] Reference is made to the description of these procedures. The advantages of the procedure are linked to the data processing system.

[0056] In addition to the processor, the data processing system may comprise further devices, e.g., a memory unit, an input device, an output device, etc. For example, the processor may be configured to execute the method based on a computer program stored in a memory unit.

[0057] A further aspect of the invention relates to a computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out one of the above-explained computer-implemented methods for designing a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display.

[0058] Reference is made to the description of these procedures. The advantages of the procedure are linked to the computer program.

[0059] A computer program can be understood as a program code that can be stored on a suitable medium, e.g., on a computer-readable data carrier, and / or retrieved via a suitable medium. Any medium suitable for storing software, such as a non-volatile memory built into a control unit, a DVD, a USB stick, a flash card, or the like, can be used to store the program code. The program code can be retrieved, for example, via the internet or an intranet, or via another suitable wireless or wired network. The computer program can also be transmitted, for example, using a data carrier signal.

[0060] Further aspects of the invention relate to a computer-readable data carrier with a stored computer program according to the above description and to a data carrier signal for transmitting the above-described computer program.

[0061] A further aspect of the invention relates to a data set containing data for describing a spectacle lens according to the above description, wherein the data describe the curvature of the first lens surface and the curvature of the second lens surface. Reference is made to the explanations of the proposed spectacle lens. The advantages of the spectacle lens are correspondingly associated with the data set.

[0062] The data set can be obtained, for example, using the computer-implemented method for designing a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display explained above, so reference is made to the relevant explanations and advantages. The data set can be stored on a suitable medium and / or transmitted via a data carrier signal. Furthermore, the data set can represent a numerical and / or virtual representation of the spectacle lens.

[0063] A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a spectacle lens. The method comprises the following method steps: providing a first lens with a curved first lens surface, providing a second lens with a curved second lens surface, providing a waveguide, and arranging the waveguide between the first lens and the second lens such that the first lens surface and the second lens surface face away from the waveguide. The curvature of one of the two lens surfaces changes from the inside outwards, at least in sections, from concave to convex. The curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces changes from the inside outwards, at least in sections, from convex to concave. The change in the slope and curvature can preferably be continuous.

[0064] The procedural steps can be carried out in the order mentioned or in a different order.

[0065] Using the proposed method, one of the ophthalmic lenses described above can be manufactured. Reference is therefore made to the relevant explanations. The advantages of the ophthalmic lens are correspondingly linked to the manufacturing process.

[0066] The curvature of the first and / or second lens surface can be determined using one of the computer-implemented methods described above for designing a spectacle lens for a head-mounted display. Reference is made to the relevant explanations and the advantages of such a method. In this respect, the manufacturing process can follow the design process.

[0067] Further features, properties, and advantages of the present invention are explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. They show:

[0068] Fig. 1 shows a representation of the use of push and pull lenses in head-mounted displays according to the prior art,

[0069] Fig. 2a shows the relationship between the optically corrected area of ​​push and pull lenses and the visible area of ​​the waveguide according to the prior art;

[0070] Fig. 2b is a diagram of push and pull lenses arranged centered on the visual axis of the waveguide according to the prior art;

[0071] Fig. 3a Push and pull lens design with spherical gradient according to the state of the art (sectional view);

[0072] Fig. 3b Push and pull lens design with aspherical continuation including turning lines (point-shaped in the section shown) on both sides to connect the supporting edge area for weight reduction and center and edge thickness reduction (side view from below in half section);

[0073] Fig. 3c is a plan view of the lens design of Figure 3b;

[0074] Fig. 4: Schematic representation of a 2D push-pull lens combination with an optically corrected area and a run-out zone for a non-axisymmetric lens contour, sagittal view; Fig. 5a: Schematic sectional view of a pull lens with an aspherical run-out zone for a non-axisymmetric lens contour.

[0075] Fig. 5b schematic sectional view of a pull lens with conical run-out zone for a non-axisymmetric lens contour;

[0076] Fig. 5c schematic sectional view of a pull lens with aspherical run-out zone for a non-axisymmetric lens contour;

[0077] Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of an exemplary head-mounted display;

[0078] Fig. 7 is a flow chart of an exemplary method for

[0079] Designing a spectacle lens;

[0080] Fig. 8 is a flow chart of an exemplary method for

[0081] Manufacturing a spectacle lens; and

[0082] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary data processing system.

[0083] Figure 1 shows the use of push and pull lenses in head-mounted displays according to the prior art. It shows a spectacle lens 1 of a head-mounted display 100 with a first lens 2 and a second lens 4. A waveguide 6 is arranged between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4. The first lens 2 is designed as a pull lens and, when the head-mounted display 100 is in use, is arranged facing the eye 12. The second lens 4 is designed as a push lens and, when the head-mounted display 100 is in use, is arranged facing away from the eye 12.

[0084] The user of the head-mounted display 100 looks with his or her eye 12 along the visual axis 16 through the spectacle lens 1, with the field of view 18 being limited, as shown in Figure 1. The term field of view generally refers to the field of vision of one eye, i.e., the space that can be viewed with the eye without eye movement. A virtual image generated by the head-mounted display 100 can be correctly perceived within the eyebox 19.

[0085] Specifically, the Eyebox 19 is the three-dimensional area of ​​the light tube in the imaging beam path in which the eye pupil can move without vignetting the image.

[0086] The first lens 2, or pull lens, is designed as a spherical diverging lens and has a first lens surface 3, which is arranged facing away from the waveguide 6 and is continuously concave, i.e., curved inward relative to the lens 2 and away from the observer of the first lens surface 3. As an alternative to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 with two concave surfaces, the first lens 2 can also be a plano-concave lens.

[0087] The second lens 4, or push lens, is designed as a spherical converging lens and has a second lens surface 5, which is arranged facing away from the waveguide 6 and is continuously convex, i.e., curved outward relative to the lens 4 and toward the viewer of the second lens surface 5. As an alternative to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 with two convex surfaces, the second lens 4 can also be a plano-convex lens.

[0088] For the function of the first and second lenses 3, 5, reference is made to the explanations in the introductory description.

[0089] However, the first and second lenses 3, 5 only extend over a portion of the visible area 9 of the waveguide 6. Their optical effect is centered on the visual axis 16. This has the disadvantage that a sudden change in the optical effect occurs at the outer boundary of the first and second lenses 3, 5, respectively, which is perceived as disadvantageous by the user. The spectacle lens 1 shown in Figure 1 is also disadvantageous for aesthetic reasons, since the transition between the first and second lenses 3, 5 and the waveguide 6 is perceived as too sudden. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the embodiment according to the prior art. Shown is a head-mounted display 100 with a spectacle frame 101 having two temples 102 and enclosing two spectacle lenses 1a, 1b, which are connected to one another via a nosepiece 103, in a frontal view (Figure 2a) and a side view (Figure 2b).The circular, optically corrected region 10 of the first and second lenses 3, 5 is visible. The visible region 9 of the waveguide 6 extends beyond the circular, optically corrected region 10 and completely fills the lens openings of the spectacle frame 101. The head-mounted display 100 generates a virtual image in the AR image plane 17, which is viewed by the eye 12 along the visual axis 16.

[0090] Figure 3a shows another spectacle lens 1 according to the prior art. As in Figures 1 and 2, the spectacle lens 1 also has a waveguide 6 enclosed by a spherical first lens 2 and a spherical second lens 4, whose first and lens surfaces 3, 5 are concave and convex, respectively. However, the first and second lenses 3, 5 extend over the entire waveguide 6. This is advantageous because no sharp edges are visible in the field of view, both in plan view and in transmitted light. However, this is accompanied by a high center and edge thickness, resulting in a high overall thickness d of the spectacle lens 1. As a result, the spectacle lens 1 is very heavy. In addition, a comparatively large amount of material is required for its production.

[0091] To minimize these disadvantages, a different shape for the first and second lenses 2, 4 is proposed, as shown by way of example in Figures 3b and 3c. It should be noted that the sectional plane shown in Figure 3b coincides with the optical axis. The illustration in Figure 3b arbitrarily shows a spectacle lens 1 with an axially symmetrical contour, i.e., symmetry with respect to the optical axis.

[0092] In contrast to the spectacle lens 1 in Figure 3a, the first lens surface 3 and the second lens surface 5 in the sectional view shown in Figure 3b each have a turning line 14a, 14b perpendicular to the two lens surfaces 3, 5 (point-shaped in the half-section). At these turning lines 14a, 14b, the curvature behavior changes continuously in the gradient and curvature of the intersection lines s1, s2, which mark the abutment of one of the two lens surfaces 3, 5 with the associated intersection surface f1, f2. Viewed from the inside 7 to the outside 8, the intersection line f1 changes its curvature behavior from concave to convex, while the intersection line f2 changes its curvature behavior from convex to concave.

[0093] Viewed three-dimensionally, the curvature behavior of the lens surfaces 3, 5 changes accordingly, i.e., the curvature of the first lens surface 3 changes from the inside 7 to the outside 8, at least in sections, from concave to convex, and the curvature of the second lens surface 5 changes from the inside 7 to the outside 8, at least in sections, from convex to concave. The first lens surface 3 has a first inflection line 14a, and the second lens surface 5 has a second inflection line 14b. Both inflection lines 14a, 14b are closed and circular in the exemplary embodiment. The closed line can, for example, be circular or elliptical.

[0094] Likewise viewed from the inside 7 to the outside 8, the two lens surfaces 3, 5 have a first and second optically corrected region 10, 10b, respectively, which is circular in the exemplary embodiment. Towards the outside 8, the first and second optically corrected region 10, 10b is adjoined by a first and second transition zone 11a, 11b, respectively, which is annular in the exemplary embodiment. Further to the outside 8, this is adjoined by a first and second run-out zone 20a, 20b, respectively, which is also annular in the exemplary embodiment. The three regions or zones of the first and second lens surfaces 3, 5 are arranged congruently, ie they are arranged one above the other when viewed parallel to the optical axis.While the two optically effective areas 10a, 10b are optically ideally corrected and the two run-out zones 20a, 20b are optically uncorrected, the two transition areas 11a, 11b represent a compromise between bearing edge requirements and optical requirements.

[0095] The first turning line 14a marks the transition between the run-out zone 20a, 20b, and the transition zone 11a, 11b, while the second turning line 14b marks the transition between the transition zone 11a, 11b and the optically corrected area 10a, 10b.

[0096] The proposed design of the lens surfaces 3, 5 leads to a significant reduction in the edge and center thickness as well as the total thickness d of the spectacle lens 1 compared to the spectacle lens 1 according to Figure 3a. With the spectacle lens 1 of Figures 3b and 3c, both a weight reduction and an improvement in aesthetics can be achieved.

[0097] In the exemplary embodiment, the lens surfaces 3, 5 are also curved in such a way that aberrations in the edge region, e.g. distortion, change in the local diopter number, change in the local astigmatism towards the edge, are at least partially compensated, ie the aberrations of the spectacle lens 1 can be smaller than the aberrations of the first and / or second lens 3, 5 alone.

[0098] Figure 3c shows a corresponding top view of the lens 1 of Figure 3b with the inflection lines 14a, 14b drawn in. Due to the symmetry of the lens 1, the inflection lines 14a, 14b are circular and closed. The individual edging of the frame is not shown. This contour could be created, for example, by milling.

[0099] Figure 4 shows another embodiment of a spectacle lens 1, which is viewed by one eye 12. Reference numeral 13 denotes the zero viewing direction of the eye 12, i.e., the viewing direction parallel to the ground, so that the lines of sight when looking into the distance are aligned parallel to the horizon. The sagittal view of the eye 12 is shown. The downward field of vision is shown for the described viewing direction.

[0100] The spectacle lens 1 comprises a -2 D push-pull lens combination for vision with a basic structure as described in Figure 3b; reference is made to the relevant explanations. The lens surfaces 3 and 5 were optimized for the lowest possible aberrations. Within the ray height 15 of +1-23 mm, i.e., within the optically corrected range 10, the optimization target of 0.1 logMAR is maintained. In the transition zone 11, an aberration of a maximum of 0.6 logMAR is permitted.

[0101] Table 1 shows the correction curve across the various ray heights 15 in diopter and logMAR. Furthermore, the positions of the inflection lines 14a, 14b on the curved lens surfaces 3, 5 are clearly visible.

[0102] Table 1: Correction curve over the different ray heights of the lens design according to Figure 5. The bold line marks the transition between the optically corrected area and the transition zone.

[0103] Overall, in this example, an edge thickness reduction of approximately 1.2 mm was achieved compared to a lens design according to the state of the art (see Figure 3a) without adding a supporting edge.

[0104] Figures 5a to 5c show three further variants of different transition zones 11 and run-out zones 20 in the form of supporting edge aspheres for a pull lens, each in cross-sectional views. The cross-section plane is coincident with the optical axis and is azimuthally oriented such that the transition between transition zone 11 and run-out zone 20 is clearly visible. The hatching indicates the cross-section plane. The unsectioned part of lens 2 lies behind the cross-section plane from the viewing direction.

[0105] Figure 5a shows, as in Figure 4, a pull lens with an aspherical transition zone 11, which is continuous in pitch and curvature and connects the optically corrected area 10 with the exit zone 20. The lens surface 3 is described with a single aspheric equation. In the exemplary embodiment, the pull lens is made of the material MR8 with a density of 1.3 g / cm 3 which results in a weight of 4.64 g.

[0106] Fig. 5b shows a pull lens with a conically tapered transition zone 11, which is continuous in pitch and curvature and connects the optically corrected area 10 with the exit zone 20. Its weight is 3.58 g.

[0107] The pull lens in Figure 5c also has a continuous transition zone 11 with a continuous slope and curvature. However, as a variant of the embodiment in Figure 5a, the lens surface 3 is described in sections using two asphere equations that are continuous in slope and curvature at the inflection line 14. In Figure 5c, the runout zone 20 is designed such that it runs almost flat and parallel to the waveguide surface towards the outermost edge. It should be noted that, in the case of a freeform surface, no formula at all would be used for the description, but only the radial sagittal heights of a surface that is continuous in slope and curvature everywhere.

[0108] The weight of the pull lens according to Figure 5c is 3.35 g.

[0109] In the examples shown in Figures 5b and 5c, the optimization focused on reducing weight and thickness, resulting in a somewhat smaller optically corrected region 10, where the optimization criterion of 0.1 logMAR is met. Furthermore, in the interest of weight minimization, the 0.6 logMAR optimization target for the transition zone 11 was also loosened. As a result, a further weight reduction of 1.06 g (Figure 5b) and 1.29 g (Figure 5c) was achieved compared to the pull lens shown in Figure 5a. Depending on the material used and its density, the weight reduction will be more or less significant, depending on the achievable volume reduction.

[0110] Figure 6 schematically illustrates an exemplary head-mounted display 100. The head-mounted display 100 comprises two spectacle lenses 1a, 1b, which are held by a spectacle frame 101 with two temples 102a, 102b. At least one of the spectacle lenses 1a, 1b, preferably both spectacle lenses 1a, 1b, is characterized in that the curvature of its lens surface 3, 5 changes from the inside 7 to the outside 8, at least in sections, from concave to convex or from convex to concave. The spectacle lenses 1a, 1b can be designed, for example, as shown in Figures 3b, 4, or 5a to 5c and explained in the associated description.

[0111] The lenses 1a, 1b are configured to generate a virtual image from an output image presented by means of displays, as described below. Optionally, only one of the lenses 1a, 1b can be configured to generate a virtual image, while the other lens 1a, 1b can be a conventional lens without the ability to generate a virtual image.

[0112] Displays (not shown in Figure 6) are arranged in the temples 102a, 102b, on which preimages are displayed, which are to be projected onto the retina of the user of the head-mounted display 100 by means of an imaging optics of the head-mounted display 100. In the present exemplary embodiment, the imaging optics of the head-mounted display 100 are formed by the lenses 1a, 1b, each of which has a waveguide 6. However, the imaging optics can also comprise optical elements outside the lenses 1a, 1b, which can be arranged, for example, between the temples 102a, 102b and the lenses 1a, 1b. Also important for the function of the head-mounted display 100 are the replication and distribution of the projector exit pupil, so that the desired eyebox is created, since otherwise image information would only be visible in an exact viewing direction and relative position of the eye to the waveguide.

[0113] The lenses 1a, 1b of the head-mounted display 100 are each part of or form a light-guiding arrangement of the head-mounted display 100. Each light-guiding arrangement is assigned a display on which the original image can be displayed. Each light-guiding arrangement comprises a waveguide 6, which has a light-guide entrance surface and a light-guide exit surface. A beam of rays emanating from the original image displayed on the display enters the waveguide 6 via the light-guide entrance surface and is reflected there multiple times by a number of reflective surfaces. These reflections are then guided to a transparent or at least partially transparent output coupling structure. The geometry and arrangement of the reflective surfaces are selected such that a total resection occurs at the reflective surfaces at the interface of the respective lens 1a, 1b to the surrounding medium, usually air.

[0114] With the help of the output coupling structure, which can be designed, for example, as a reflective Fresnel structure, several partially transparent mirrors, or a diffraction grating, the beam is finally output through the light guide exit surface toward the eye 12 and focused by the eye 12 onto the retina. Since the light is transmitted inside the spectacle lens 1a, 1b by total internal resection and the output coupling structure is at least partially transparent, the view of the surroundings is not obstructed or is only minimally obstructed.

[0115] Alternatively, the waveguide 6 can be designed so that reflection does not occur by total internal reflection. In this case, the waveguide 6 has reflective coatings, but the coatings are chosen to be angle-selective and thus block as little as possible light passing through the waveguide 6 from the environment.

[0116] Figure 7 shows a flowchart of an exemplary method 200 for designing a spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b for a head-mounted display 100. The method 200 can be carried out, for example, using the data processing system 400 schematically illustrated in Figure 9, which comprises a memory unit 402, an input device 403, e.g., in the form of a keyboard, and an output device 404, e.g., in the form of a display, and a processor 401. The processor 401 is in a signaling connection with the memory unit 402, the input device 403, and the output device 404.

[0117] After the start of the method 200, first data for describing a first lens 2 with a curved first lens surface 3 (method step S1), second data for describing a second lens 4 with a curved second lens surface 5 (method step S2) and data for describing a waveguide 6 for arrangement between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 such that the first lens surface 3 and the second lens surface 5 are arranged facing away from the waveguide 6 (method step S3) are obtained. The method steps S1, S2, S3 can be carried out simultaneously, with a temporal overlap or in any desired sequence one after the other. To obtain the data, it can be retrieved, for example, from a storage unit 402 or entered via an input device 403 and transmitted to the processor 401 of the data processing system 400.

[0118] The subsequent process steps S4 to S7 can be carried out by means of the

[0119] Processor 401, for example, based on instructions or code programmed in processor 401 according to one or more routines. Method steps S4 to S7 serve to model and optimize the lens surfaces 3, 5 of the first and second lenses 2, 4 of the spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b.

[0120] In method step S4, the first optically corrected region 10a of the first lens surface 3 is modeled based on the first data and taking into account the data describing a waveguide 6, and optimized for minimal aberrations. Optimizing for minimal aberrations means that a limit value for the aberrations is specified, which must not be exceeded. In other words, a lens surface that does not exceed the predeterminable limit value for the aberrations is considered optimized for minimal aberrations. In the exemplary embodiment, the lens surface 3 of a pull lens, for example, the pull lens 2 shown in Figure 3b, is optimized as the first lens surface 3.

[0121] Subsequently, in method step S5, a first transition zone 11a of the first lens surface 3 is modeled and optimized, also based on the first data. The first transition zone 11a completely surrounds the first optically corrected region 10a in the exemplary embodiment. The optimization is carried out at least for that region of the first transition zone 11a that covers the visible region 9 of the waveguide 6. The optimization can be carried out according to predeterminable aesthetic and / or mechanical aspects and can aim, for example, at a minimum center thickness, a minimum edge thickness, a minimum volume or weight, and / or maximum strength, e.g., to prevent breakage or cracking, or rigidity, e.g., to prevent deformation.Optimization can also be carried out with regard to several of the aspects mentioned, for example by specifying limit values ​​for one or more of the aspects that must not be exceeded or at least must be reached.

[0122] In method step S6, the second optically corrected region 10b of the second lens surface 5 is modeled based on the second data and taking into account the data describing a waveguide 6, and optimized for minimal aberrations. In the exemplary embodiment, the lens surface 5 of a push lens, for example, the push lens 4 shown in Figure 3b, is optimized as the second lens surface 5.

[0123] In method step S7, a second runout zone 11b of the second lens surface 5 is also modeled and optimized based on the second data. The optimization of the second optically corrected region 10b and the second transition zone 11b can be carried out analogously to the first optically corrected region 10a and the first transition zone 11a, respectively.

[0124] The modeling and optimization of the first and second optical regions 10a, 10b and the first and second transition zones 11a, 11b are carried out in such a way that the curvature of the first lens surface 3 changes from the inside 7 to the outside 8 at least in sections from concave to convex and the curvature of the second lens surface 5 changes from the inside to the outside at least in sections from convex to concave.

[0125] The first and second optical regions 10a, 10b and the first and second transition zones 11a, 11b are modeled and optimized such that the aberrations for the optically corrected region 10 of the spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b do not result in more than approximately 0.1 logMAR or 0.8 visual acuity. For the transition zone 11, the limit is approximately 0.6 logMAR or 0.25 visual acuity.

[0126] With method step S7, the method 200 is completed, and the data for describing the modeled and optimized first and second lens surfaces 3, 5 can be output in the form of a data set, for example, by means of the output device 404 of the data processing system 400. Alternatively, the obtained data set can be stored on a storage medium and / or transferred to a device for processing ophthalmic lenses, so that the lens surfaces 3, 5 can be formed according to the data set. Subsequently, a ophthalmic lens 1, 1a, 1b with correspondingly formed lenses 2, 4 can be produced.

[0127] Figure 8 shows a flow chart of a method 300 for producing a spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b, for example for producing a spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b as described with reference to Figures 3b, 4 and 5a to 5c.

[0128] First, a first lens 2 with a curved first lens surface 3 (method step S10), a second lens 4 with a curved second lens surface 5 (method step S11), and a waveguide 6 (method step S11) are provided. Method steps S10, S11, and S12 can be performed simultaneously, overlapping in time, or consecutively in any desired order.

[0129] The curvature of the first lens surface 3 changes from concave to convex, at least in sections, from the inside 7 to the outside 8, while the curvature of the second lens surface 5 changes from convex to concave, at least in sections, from the inside 7 to the outside 8. The curvatures of the two lens surfaces 3, 5 can be described, for example, using a data set obtained using the method 200 described above for designing a spectacle lens 1, 1a, 1b.

[0130] In method step S13, the waveguide 6 is arranged between the first lens 2 and the second lens 4 such that the first lens surface 3 and the second lens surface 5 face away from the waveguide.

[0131] The figures are not necessarily detailed or to scale and may be enlarged or reduced to provide a better overview. Therefore, the functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted in a limiting sense, but merely as an illustrative basis for teaching one skilled in the art how to variously employ the present invention.

[0132] The term "and / or" as used herein, when used in a series of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be used alone, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be used.

[0133] It should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0134]

[0135] 1 , 1a, 1b lens

[0136] 2 first lens

[0137] 3 first lens surface

[0138] 4 second lens

[0139] 5 second lens surface

[0140] 6 waveguides

[0141] 7 inside

[0142] 8 outside

[0143] 9 visible area

[0144] 10 optically corrected area

[0145] 10a first optically corrected area

[0146] 10b second optically corrected area

[0147] 11 Transition zone

[0148] 11a first transition zone

[0149] 11 b second transition zone

[0150] 12 Eye

[0151] 13 Zero viewing direction

[0152] 14 Turning line

[0153] 14a first turning line

[0154] 14b second turning line

[0155] 15 beam height

[0156] 16 Visual axis

[0157] 17 AR image plane

[0158] 18 field of view

[0159] 19 Eyebox

[0160] 20 Run-off area

[0161] 20a first run-off area

[0162] 20b second run-off area

[0163] 100 Head-Mounted Display

[0164] 101 glasses frame

[0165] 102, 102a, 102b temples

[0166] 103 Nose Bridge 200 Procedures

[0167] 300 procedures

[0168] 400 data processing system

[0169] 401 processor

[0170] 402 storage unit

[0171] 403 Input device

[0172] 404 Output device

[0173] 51 Obtaining first data for describing a first lens having a curved first lens surface

[0174] 52 Obtaining second data for describing a second lens having a curved second lens surface

[0175] 53 Obtaining data for describing a waveguide for arrangement between the first lens and the second lens such that the first lens surface and the second lens surface face away from the waveguide

[0176] 54 Modeling a first optically corrected area of ​​the first lens surface and optimizing the first optically corrected area for minimal aberrations based on the first data

[0177] 55 Modelling and optimising a first run-out zone at least partially surrounding the first optically corrected area based on the first data

[0178] 56 Modeling a second optically corrected area of ​​the second lens surface and optimizing the second optically corrected area for minimal aberrations based on the second data

[0179] 57 Modeling and optimizing a second run-out zone at least partially surrounding the second optically corrected region based on the second data 510 Providing a first lens with a curved first lens surface

[0180] 511 Providing a second lens with a curved second lens surface S12 Providing a waveguide

[0181] S13 Arranging the waveguide between the first lens and the second lens such that the first lens surface and the second lens surface face away from the waveguide d Total thickness of the spectacle lens f1 , f2 Cutting area s1 , s2 Cutting line

Claims

Patent claims 1. A spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) for a head-mounted display (100), the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) comprising: at least one first lens (2) with a curved first lens surface (3), at least one second lens (4) with a curved second lens surface (5), and at least one waveguide (6) which is arranged between the first lens (2) and the second lens (4) in such a way that the first lens surface (3) and the second lens surface (5) face away from the waveguide (6), wherein the curvature of one of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) at least in sections from concave to convex, and the curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) at least in sections from convex to concave.

2. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to claim 1, wherein the curvature and / or gradient of at least one of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes continuously.

3. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first lens (2) and the second lens (4) completely cover a region (9) of the waveguide (6) that is visible in the use state of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b).

4. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lens surface (3, 5) of the lens (2, 4) facing an eye (12) in the state of use of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) changes its curvature from the inside (7) to the outside (8) at least in sections from concave to convex.

5. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the curvatures of the first and second lens surfaces (3, 5) are such are coordinated with one another so that aberrations of the spectacle lens (1, 1 a, 1 b) are smaller than aberrations of the first and / or second lens (2, 4) alone.

6. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the curvatures of the first and second lens surfaces (3, 5) are matched to one another in such a way that aberrations of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) in an optically corrected region (10) are not greater than 0.1 logMAR and / or in a transition zone (11) are not greater than 0.5 logMAR.

7. Spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first lens (2) and / or the second lens (4) are designed to correct a visual defect of a user of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b).

8. Head-mounted display (100) with at least one spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims.

9. Computer-implemented method (200) for designing a spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) for a head-mounted display (100), the method (200) comprising: S1: Obtaining first data for describing at least one first lens (2) with a curved first lens surface (3), S2: Obtaining second data for describing at least one second lens (4) with a curved second lens surface (5), S3: Obtaining data for describing at least one waveguide (6) for arrangement between the first lens (2) and the second lens (4) such that the first lens surface (3) and the second lens surface (5) face away from the waveguide (6), S4: Modeling at least one first optically corrected region (10a) of the first lens surface (3) and optimizing the first optically corrected region (10a) for minimal aberrations based on the first data, S5: Modelling and optimising at least one first transition zone (11a) at least partially surrounding the first optically corrected region (10a) based on the first data, S6: Modeling at least one second optically corrected region (10b) of the second lens surface (5) and optimizing the second optically corrected region (10b) for minimal aberrations based on the second data and S7: Modeling and optimizing at least one second transition zone (11b) at least partially surrounding the second optically corrected region (10b) based on the second data, wherein the modeling and optimization of the first and second optical regions (10a, 10b) and the first and second transition zones (11a, 11b) are carried out in such a way that the curvature of one of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) at least in sections from concave to convex and the curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside to the outside at least in sections from convex to concave.

10. The method (200) according to claim 9, wherein first the optically corrected region (10a, 10b) and the transition zone (11a, 11b) of the lens surface (3, 5) of the lens (2, 4) facing an eye (12) in the use state of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) are modeled and optimized, and then the optically corrected region (10a, 10b) and the transition zone (11a, 11b) of the lens surface (3, 5) of the lens (2, 4) facing away from the eye (12) in the use state of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) are modeled and optimized.

11. Method (200) according to claim 9, wherein first the optically corrected region (10a, 10b) and the transition zone (11a, 11b) of the lens surface (3, 5) of the lens (2, 4) facing away from an eye (12) in the state of use of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) are modeled and optimized, and then the optically corrected region (10a, 10b) and the transition zone (11a, 11b) of the lens surface (3, 5) of the lens (2, 4) facing the eye (12) in the state of use of the spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) are modeled and optimized.

12. The method (200) according to claim 9, wherein the first optically corrected region (10a) and the second optically corrected region (10b) are modeled and optimized simultaneously and / or wherein the first transition zone (11a) and the second transition zone (11b) are modeled and optimized simultaneously.

13. A data processing system (400) comprising at least one processor (401) configured to execute a method (200) according to any one of claims 9 to 12.

14. A computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out a method (200) according to any one of claims 9 to 12.

15. Data set with data for describing at least one spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the data describe the curvature of the first lens surface (3) and the curvature of the second lens surface (5).

16. Method (300) for producing at least one spectacle lens (1, 1a, 1b), the method (300) comprising: S10: Providing at least one first lens (2) with a curved first lens surface (3), S11 : Providing at least one second lens (4) with a curved second lens surface (5), S12: Providing at least one waveguide (6) and S13: Arranging the waveguide (6) between the first lens (2) and the second lens (4) in such a way that the first lens surface (3) and the second lens surface (5) face away from the waveguide (6), wherein the curvature of one of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) changes from the inside (7) to the outside (8) at least in sections from concave to convex and the curvature of the other of the two lens surfaces (3, 5) from inside (7) to outside (8) at least in sections from convex to concave.

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