Intubation apparatus with disposable cover, and system and kit therefor

Abstract

An intubation apparatus and a cover for the intubation apparatus, and system and kit therefor. The intubation apparatus includes: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator and located near the proximal end; the distal end including a first actuatable component operatively coupled to the actuator; and an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongated body is coupled to the distal end of the handle, the elongated body configured to receive a cover. The cover includes: a second actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the second elongated edge being shaped and sized to detachably surround the elongated body.

Description

INTUBATION APPARATUS WITH DISPOSABLE COVER, AND SYSTEM AND KIT THEREFORRELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The present application claims priority from United States Provisional Patent Application Serial Number 63 / 596,081 filed November 3, 2023 and United States Provisional Patent Application Serial Number 63 / 571,462 filed March 29, 2024, both of which are incorporated by reference in their entireties.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present technology relates to medical apparatuses, and more specifically, to an intubation apparatus and a cover for the intubation apparatus used during medical procedures.BACKGROUND

[0003] Generally, intubation encompasses a diverse range of procedures intended to address, oversee, care for, apply procedures to, manipulate, control, establish, and secure a subject's upper and / or lower airway. These procedures occur across various medical environments, locations, and subject demographics. The procedures include navigating medical instruments within a subject, often with the option of visualizing this navigation. Some of these procedures involve a creation of an artificial airway within a subject's body. As an illustrative example, tracheal intubation is an airway management procedure in which an intubation tube, such as an endotracheal tube (ETT), is inserted into a subject's trachea. This facilitates lung ventilation, ensures adequate oxygenation and gas exchange, and helps safeguard the airway against the entry of substances like gastric contents, blood, secretions, and surgical debris.

[0004] Commonly utilized conventional techniques for tracheal intubation encompass direct laryngoscopy and video laryngoscopy, yet their performance remains less than optimal. For instance, direct laryngoscopy involves using a metal blade to retract the subject's tongue, allowing direct visualization of the airway. However, this method is hampered by several drawbacks. Aligning the airway axes for improved visibility of thelarynx and vocal cords is required, and a narrow field of view can easily become obstructed by blood or secretions. Additionally, direct laryngoscopy also lacks the capability to confirm proper ETT placement within the trachea, potentially leading to undetected ETT misplacement (e.g., esophageal intubation) and consequential life-threatening hypoxia.

[0005] Video laryngoscopy employs a video camera positioned above the vocal cords to offer magnified views of anatomical structures in the upper airway. However, this technique does not fully address all difficulties associated with successful tracheal intubation, as challenges in ETT navigation and placement persist. Adequate indirect visualization of the vocal cords does not perfectly correlate with the ability to navigate and place the tube in the subject’s trachea, due to the curvature of normal airway anatomy. Often, a metal stylet is necessary to facilitate ETT navigation and placement, which can result in stylet-induced airway trauma. While video laryngoscopy enhances visualization of ETT passage through the vocal cords, the risk of ETT misplacement (e.g., esophageal intubation) and ensuing life-threatening hypoxia remains.

[0006] In addition to the above-said drawbacks, the conventional techniques have several other drawbacks: e.g., with most of the conventional techniques, the ETT navigation is still a manual process. In other words, a user of a conventional-technique-based laryngoscope may have to hold the conventional laryngoscope with one hand and may have to navigate the ETT manually with the other hand, thereby complicating the tracheal intubation procedure.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for improved methods, systems, and apparatuses for tracheal intubation that can consistently yield better outcomes and reduce the overall complexity of the procedure.SUMMARY

[0008] It is an object of the present technology to mitigate one or more disadvantages of the prior art.

[0009] As mentioned earlier, traditional techniques of tracheal intubation involve a handle accompanied by a conventional cover extending from it. This cover may create a channel for securely holding and guiding an endotracheal tube (ETT). In the standardprocedure, after positioning the laryngoscope blade accurately within the subject's trachea and beyond the vocal cords using one hand, the tube needs to be advanced with a separate hand.

[0010] The contemplated improvement consists in implementing a mechanism for navigating ETT in a channel. The stated mechanism may be partially implemented on the handle of the intubation apparatus and the remaining implemented on a cover. The mechanism may be controlled through a user interface (i.e., a switch, a joystick, or the like) positioned on the handle to be operated by a thumb or a finger of the user’s hand holding the intubation apparatus. More specifically, the mechanism may comprise a set of actuatable components (e.g., a set of friction gears or wheels) provided on two sides of the channel to contact radially opposite sides of the tube’s external wall. At least one of the actuatable components may be driven through a motorized linkage connected to a power source and to the user interface that may facilitate the user to control forward or backward displacement of the ETT using his / her thumb of the hand holding the intubation apparatus. It is further contemplated that some of the actuatable components may be positioned on one side of the channel with other actuatable components on the opposite side of the channel respectively upstream and downstream of the motorized linkage. Such an arrangement may induce some preform in the ETT and may assist the ETT to follow the channel curvature with less friction.

[0011] According to a first embodiment, there is provided an intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator and, optionally, located near the proximal end; a first actuatable component, optionally located near the distal end, operatively coupled to the actuator; and an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongated body being coupled to the distal end of the handle; and a cover configured to surround at least a portion of the elongated body, the cover including: a second actuatable component, the second actuatable component being operatively coupled to the first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivable ETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component based on aninput from the input control device, the second elongated edge shaped and sized to surround the elongated body.

[0012] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the second end of the elongated body includes an imaging device.

[0013] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the imaging device is operatively coupled to a display.

[0014] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the display is removably coupled to the handle.

[0015] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the display is fixedly coupled to the handle.

[0016] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the elongated body further comprises an illumination device.

[0017] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the actuator is based on at least one of : electrical motors, hydraulics, and / or pneumatics.

[0018] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the second actuatable component comprises at least two actuatable components disposed opposite to each other.

[0019] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least two actuatable components are removably and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

[0020] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least two actuatable components are fixedly and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

[0021] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component include one or more of: wheels, and / or ball bearings.

[0022] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by a distance that is sufficient to receive the ETT for actuation.

[0023] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by a distance that is slightly shorter than a diameter of the ETT such that when the ETT is received between the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component, the ETT is compressed.

[0024] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component provides actuation to the ETT.

[0025] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are disposed opposite to each other.

[0026] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component includes at least one friction gear.

[0027] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component include magnetic couplers.

[0028] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the elongated body is a curved elongated body.

[0029] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the elongated body is a flexible elongated body.

[0030] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover further comprises a third end and a fourth end, the second actuatable component being located at the third end of the cover.

[0031] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the second actuatable component is movable between the third end and the fourth end.

[0032] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover is detachably mounted to the elongated body.

[0033] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover is fixedly mounted to the elongated body.

[0034] According to a second embodiment, there is provided a cover for an intubation apparatus the cover comprising: a first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivable ETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component, the second elongated edge being shaped and sized to detachably surround an elongated body associated with the intubation apparatus.

[0035] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the first actuatable component comprises at least two actuatable components disposed opposite to each other.

[0036] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component includes one or more of: wheels, and / or ball bearings.

[0037] According to a third embodiment, there is provided an intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator and located near the proximal end; the distal end including a first actuatable component operatively coupled to the actuator; and an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongated body is coupled to the distal end of the handle, the elongated body being configured to receive a cover, the cover including: a second actuatable component, the second actuatable component being detachably and operatively coupled to the first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivableETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component based on an input from the input control device, the second elongated edge being shaped and sized to detachably surround the elongated body.

[0038] According to another embodiment, there is provided a kit for use with an endotracheal tube (ETT), the kit comprising: a reusable handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator and located near the proximal end; a first actuatable component located near the distal end and operatively coupled to the actuator; and a connector located near the distal end, the connector being configured to receive a cover; and at least one consumable cover capable of detachable coupling to the connector of the reusable handle, the at least one consumable cover including: a second actuatable component capable of operatively coupling to the first actuatable component; wherein the at least one consumable cover, upon attachment to the housing, is capable of engaging the ETT for at least linear movement of the ETT under control of the input control device.

[0039] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the reusable handle includes a display attached to the proximal end of the handle.

[0040] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the at least one consumable cover, when connected to the housing, provides transfer of motive force from the actuator to the second actuatable component.

[0041] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the kit includes a single reusable handle and a plurality of consumable covers.

[0042] According to another embodiment, there is provided an intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a display located at the proximal end; the distal end including: a connector; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end of the handle; an image capture mechanism, optionally a camera or fiber optic tip, operatively coupled to the display and extending from the distal end of the handle; and a cover configured to removably attach to the connector and including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupledto the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

[0043] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover includes a retention mechanism located opposite from the drive mechanism.

[0044] According to another embodiment, there is provided a cover for use with an intubation apparatus having a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a display located at the proximal end; the distal end including: a connector; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end of the handle; and an image capture mechanism, optionally a camera or fiber optic tip, operatively coupled to the display and extending from the distal end of the handle, the cover comprising: a connection element configured to removably attach to the connector of the handle; a sleeve for accepting an image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging a power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

[0045] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the drive mechanism is a concave bearing structure dimensioned to engage an external curvature of the ETT.

[0046] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the cover includes a retention mechanism located opposite from the drive mechanism.

[0047] In accordance with any embodiments of the present disclosure, the retention mechanism is non-driven and imparts a compressive spring force on the ETT.

[0048] According to another embodiment, there is provided an intubation apparatus comprising: a housing formed as a handle, the housing including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator located within the housing; an input control device located on the housing and operatively coupled to the actuator; a processor located within the housing; a connectorlocated near the distal end; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end; an image capture mechanism extending from the distal end and operatively coupled to the processor; and a disposable cover configured to removably attach to the connector, the disposable cover including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

[0049] In accordance with the present disclosure, the processor may be operatively coupled to at least one display for real-time viewing of an image obtained by the image capturing mechanism.

[0050] In accordance with the present disclosure, the display may be integral with the housing.

[0051] In accordance with the present disclosure, the display may be remote from the housing.

[0052] In accordance with the present disclosure, the intubation apparatus may perform steps embodied as software on a computer readable medium and executed by the processor, the steps including: identifying a tracheal opening; overlaying a reticle on the image obtained by the image capturing mechanism; automatically aligning the reticle with the tracheal opening; and upon alignment of the reticle with the tracheal opening, providing indication to a user of the intubation apparatus of successful alignment.

[0053] According to another embodiment, there is provided a system including the intubation apparatus and including at least one additional remote display in communication with a processor housed within the intubation apparatus.

[0054] According to another embodiment, there is provided a system for movement of an ETT within a tracheal opening, the system comprising: a base portion including an actuator and a trigger for activating the actuator, the base portion including an image capturing mechanism and an electronic system operably coupled to each of the trigger, theactuator, and the image capturing mechanism; a cover portion attachable to a distal section of the base portion, the cover portion including at least one actuatable component operably coupled to the actuator, the actuatable component providing motive force upon the ETT; and a display portion providing the user with a real-time view from the image capturing mechanism, the display portion operatively coupled to the electronic system.

[0055] In accordance with the present disclosure, the display portion may be integrated with the base portion or may be remote from the base portion and wirelessly connected to the electronic system.

[0056] In accordance with the present disclosure, the system may further include a plurality of remote display portions located remote from the base portion and wirelessly connected to the electronic system.

[0057] In accordance with the present disclosure, the system may further include wherein the base portion enables one-handed operation by a user.

[0058] In accordance with the present disclosure, the system may further include wherein one or more display portion comprises a corded display.

[0059] According to another embodiment, there is disclosed an intubation apparatus comprising: a housing formed as a handle, the housing including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator located within the housing; an input control device located on the housing and operatively coupled to the actuator; a processor located within the housing; a connector located near the distal end; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end; an image capture mechanism extending from the distal end and operatively coupled to the processor; and a disposable cover configured to removably attach to the connector, the disposable cover including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; an antifriction unit operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the antifriction unit is further configured to selectively engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and enable movement of the ETT. The antifriction unit may include a drive element and a biasing element, the drive element imparting linear movement upon the ETT when activated by the input control device.

[0060] According to another embodiment, there is disclosed a cover for an intubation apparatus, the cover comprising: an elongated channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), and an antifriction unit located within the elongated channel; wherein the antifriction unit is configured to selectively engage the ETT thereby enabling movement of the ETT within the elongated channel. The antifriction unit may be operably connected to the intubation apparatus and includes at least one component protruding from inside the elongated channel. The at least one component may be a wheel. The at least one component may include at least one actuatable component. The antifriction unit may include a drive element and a biasing element, the drive element imparting linear movement upon the ETT when activated.

[0061] Implementations of the present technology each have at least one of the above- mentioned objects and / or aspects, but do not necessarily have all of them. It should be understood that some aspects of the present technology that have resulted from attempting to attain the above-mentioned object may not satisfy this object and / or may satisfy other objects not specifically recited herein.

[0062] Additional and / or alternative features, aspects and advantages of implementations of the present technology will become apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Having thus generally described the nature of the technology, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, showing by way of illustration example implementations thereof and in which:

[0064] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an intubation apparatus, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0065] FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded perspective view of the intubation apparatus, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0066] FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a cover, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0067] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the cover depicting a second elongated edge, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0068] FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded perspective view of another representative intubation apparatus, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a representative cover associated with the representative intubation apparatus, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0070] FIG. 7 illustrates placement of endotracheal tube (ETT) into the trachea of a subject as part of a tracheal intubation procedure, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0071] FIG. 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of an intubation apparatus in accordance with the present invention and shown fully assembled in perspective view;

[0072] FIG. 9 illustrates a rear perspective view of a reusable portion of the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8;

[0073] FIG. 10 illustrates a side perspective view of a consumable portion of the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8;

[0074] FIG. 11 illustrates a front right, fully assembled perspective view of the alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8;

[0075] FIG. 12 illustrates a front left, fully assembled perspective view of the alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8;

[0076] FIG. 13 illustrates a rear left, fully assembled perspective view of the alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8;

[0077] FIG. 14 illustrates a rear right, fully assembled perspective view of the alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8;

[0078] FIG. 15 illustrates a close-up, fully assembled perspective view of the proximal end of the alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8;

[0079] FIG. 16 is an illustration of the display in use in accordance with one embodiment;

[0080] FIG. 17 illustrates a partially-exploded view of a further embodiment of the intubation apparatus with the disposable portion shown disassembled;

[0081] FIG. 18 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 17 fully assembled;

[0082] FIG. 19 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 17 with the disposable portion removed;

[0083] FIG. 20 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 18 shown from the opposite direction;

[0084] FIG. 21 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 20 though with the disposable portion removed; and

[0085] FIG. 22 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 21 shown as a substantially exploded view revealing constituent internal parts.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] The examples and conditional language recited herein are principally intended to aid the reader in understanding the principles of the present technology and not to limit its scope to such specifically recited examples and conditions. It will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise various arrangements which, although not explicitly described or shown herein, nonetheless embody the principles of the present technology and are included within its spirit and scope.

[0087] Furthermore, as an aid to understanding, the following description may describe relatively simplified implementations of the present technology. As persons skilled in the art would understand, various implementations of the present technology may be of a greater complexity.

[0088] In some cases, what are believed to be helpful examples of modifications to the present technology may also be set forth. This is done merely as an aid to understanding, and, again, not to define the scope or set forth the bounds of the present technology. These modifications are not an exhaustive list, and a person skilled in the art may make other modifications while nonetheless remaining within the scope of the present technology.Further, where no examples of modifications have been set forth, it should not be interpreted that no modifications are possible and / or that what is described is the sole manner of implementing that element of the present technology.

[0089] In the context of the present specification, the words “first,” “second,” “third,” etc. have been used as adjectives only for the purpose of allowing for distinction between the nouns that they modify from one another, and not for the purpose of describing any particular relationship between those nouns. Thus, for example, it should be understood that, the use of the terms “end” and “third end” is not intended to imply any particular order, type, chronology, hierarchy or ranking (for example) of / between the ends, nor is their use (by itself) intended to imply that any “second end” must necessarily exist in any given situation. Further, as is discussed herein in other contexts, reference to a “first” element and a “second” element does not preclude the two elements from being the same actual real-world element.

[0090] Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and implementations of the present technology, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof, whether they are currently known or developed in the future. Thus, for example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any block diagrams herein represent conceptual views of illustrative circuitry embodying the principles of the present technology. Similarly, it will be appreciated that any flowcharts, flow diagrams, state transition diagrams, pseudo-code, and the like represent various processes which may be substantially represented in computer- readable media and so executed by a computer or processor, whether or not such computer or processor is explicitly shown.

[0091] The present disclosure encompasses various aspects that are not restrictive and pertain to a portable, handheld, video-based intubation apparatus designed to guide an endotracheal tube (ETT) into a subject's trachea as part of a tracheal intubation procedure. These devices are engineered to enhance key elements critical for effective tracheal intubation: visualization, navigation / movement, and / or placement.

[0092] Furthermore, the intubation apparatus is designed, adapted, and sized to be easily gripped and manipulated with a single hand, affording the user the advantage of independently holding and potentially controlling the intubation apparatus while using thesecond hand to manipulate the subject’s head and / or larynx, and feel the entry of the ETT within the larynx. This enables reliable facilitation of ETT navigation and movement within the subject's trachea. In this context, "navigation" denotes the progression and / or regression of the ETT, achieved through an actuated mechanism capable of advancing and / or retreating the ETT for simplified one-handed intubation.

[0093] The described intubation apparatus offers enhanced visualization of the subject's airway structure, thereby aiding precise ETT navigation within and around anatomical landmarks. This leads to improved positioning of the ETT through the glottic opening and into the trachea during the intubation process.

[0094] FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate a perspective view and an exploded perspective view, respectively, of an intubation apparatus 10, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The intubation apparatus 10 may include a handle 12, an elongated body 22, and a display 46. The intubation apparatus 10 may include other components, however, such components have been omitted from FIGs. 1 and 2 for the purpose of simplicity.

[0095] The handle 12 is designed to accommodate a range of software and hardware components essential for executing various functions associated with the intubation apparatus 10. The handle 12 may be configured as a handheld housing to be held comfortably in the hand of a user. The handle 12 may have a proximal end 14 and a distal end 16. The handle 12 may include a contoured portion 13 near the proximal end 14 that may be tailored to a specific hand (e.g., left or right), or may be suitable for use with either hand. Illustrated in the FIGs. 1 and 2, for instance, the contoured portion 13 may be configured for left-hand operation. In some non-limiting embodiments, the handle 12 may incorporate additional ergonomic attributes, such as cushioning to enhance user comfort (e.g., foam or rubber padding, silicone gel, etc.), friction-enhancing characteristics (e.g., rubberized grip, textural features such as ribbing, etc.).

[0096] The handle 12 may be constructed from any suitable rigid or semi-rigid material. Plastic, for instance, may be shaped using appropriate injection molding techniques to form the handle 12. In some non-limiting embodiments, the handle 12 may include one or more separate components (e.g., shells) that are coupled together through suitable fastening methods (e.g., epoxy or other adhesive, mechanical fasteners) and / or mating features (e.g.,threaded or snap-fit or complementary features on different housing components). Within its internal volume, the handle 12 may enclose an electronic system 15, an actuator 17, and other facets of the intubation apparatus 10, as described in the ensuing sections.

[0097] The electronic system 15 may include one or more processors and one or more memory elements. At least a portion of the electronic system 15 may, for example, be arranged in the handle 12 and / or the display 46 coupled to the handle 12 described in further detail below. The memory elements may store instructions (e.g., in the form of software, computer executable methods) to be executed by one or more processors.

[0098] The electronics system 15 may further include other components for supporting the intubation apparatus 10, such as at least one power supply. In some embodiments, the power supply may include at least one battery as a self-contained power supply, for instance to support a portability of the intubation apparatus 10. Additionally, or alternatively, the handle 12 and / or the display 46 may include a power supply connector or port that may enable a wired power connection, such as to an external AC or DC power supply. Additionally, or alternatively, the handle 12 may include a wired connection (e.g., cable) and / or wireless communication module for communicating with a free-standing video monitor.

[0099] In certain embodiments, the processors may be coupled to the actuator 17 and the processors may be configured to perform automated control of the actuator 17 in the intubation apparatus 10 for actuating the ETT during the intubation procedure.

[0100] The actuator 17 may be integrated in the handle 12 and may be operatively coupled to a first actuatable component 20. The first actuatable component 20 may be located at the distal end 16 of the handle 12. The actuator 17 may exert actuation on the first actuatable component 20 through a coupled interface, such that the generated movements may be transmitted along the longitudinal axis of the first actuatable component 20.

[0101] The actuator 17 may include any suitable actuator and mechanical or electromechanical assembly for controlling the first actuatable component 20. Some of the non-limiting examples of the actuator 17 may include, for example, suitable drive electronics, one or more electrical motors, hydraulics, and / or pneumatics, as well as suitablemechanical assemblies, connections, joints, and / or controllers. It is to be noted that the manner in which the actuator 17 is implemented should not limit the present disclosure.

[0102] In certain non-limiting embodiments, the contoured portion 13 of the handle 12 may include an input control device 18. The input control device 18 may be, for example, a button, a switch, a joystick, or any similar trigger for activating the actuator. The input control device 18 may be operatively coupled to the electronic system 15 and the actuator 17. The input control device 18 may be configured to control the actuator 17. The actuator 17 may be activated based on an input from the input control device 18. In some of the nonlimiting embodiments, the speed of the actuator 17 and a direction of the actuation may be controlled by the input control device 18. The direction of the actuation of the actuator 17 may be any suitable direction, for example, up, down, left, right, clockwise, counterclockwise, or any other suitable movement. Likewise, the input control device 18 may also include variable speed characteristics such that the ETT may be incrementally advanced or retracted via activation of the actuator 17 in a smooth slow manner, rapid trigger action, or somewhere in between depending on the given use cases.

[0103] As noted above, the intubation apparatus 10 includes the display 46, in some embodiments, the display 46 may be fixedly coupled to the handle 12. In other embodiments, the display 46 may be removably coupled to the handle 12. The display 46 may be a monitor screen, touch screen, or the like. The display 46 may be configured to display image data and / or a user interface. In some embodiments, the display 46 may include any suitable display elements (e.g., LCD, LED, OLED or the like). The display 46 may be a touchscreen comprising touch hardware (e.g., pressure-sensitive cells embedded in a layer of a display allowing detection of a physical interaction between the user and the display 46).

[0104] In some embodiments, the display 46 may be coupled to the handle via a rotatable or pivoting coupling, such that it may swivel around a longitudinal axis and / or tilt around vertical and / or lateral axes and be viewable from multiple angles. Additionally, or alternatively, the intubation apparatus 10 may include and be communicatively coupled to a remote display that is not part of an integrated assembly. For example, the intubation apparatus 10 may include one or more ports in the handle 12 for a wired communication to an external display. As another example, the intubation apparatus 10 may include a wireless communication module and antenna to communicate content for display to other screens(e.g., via cellular mobile network, WiFi, etc.). In all embodiments, it should be understood that the screen(s) may be corded - i.e., a power and / or communications cable may connect the screen(s) to the intubation apparatus and thus may form one or more corded displays.

[0105] As previously noted, the intubation apparatus 10 may include the elongated body 22, the elongated body 22 may have a first end 24 and a second end 26. The first end 24 may be coupled to the distal end 16 of the handle 12. In some embodiments, the elongated body 22 may be curved. In other embodiments, the elongated body 22 may be flexible. The elongated body 22 may include an imaging device 44 (e.g., a video camera) disposed at the second end 26. The elongated body 22 may further include one or more illumination devices 48 for providing illumination to the imaging device 44 field of view. The imaging device 44 may be a high-resolution image sensor. The elongated body 22 may further include electronic signal wires for transmitting video data or images for processing and / or display on the display 46 (or other suitable display). The imaging device 44 may be configured to provide an enlarged and clear visualization of the subject's anatomy in both axial and horizontal planes during an intubation procedure.

[0106] It is contemplated that the imaging device 44 may be based on any of the suitable image sensors, for example, a charge -coupled device (CCD), CMOS sensor, and / or other suitable sensors, and may be combined with any suitable optical elements such as an objective lens, etc.

[0107] In some non-limiting embodiments, the elongated body 22 may include a laryngoscope baton that may be hollow and flexible. The elongated body 22 may have an at-rest curved configuration, and in some embodiment, the elongated body 22 may have a straight or substantially straight configuration that may be adapted to be bent. The elongated body 22 may be either removably or releasably coupled to, or integrally or permanently coupled to handle 12.

[0108] The elongated body 22 may be configured to receive a cover 28. The cover 28 may be sized and configured to be mounted to the elongated body 22. In some embodiments, the cover 28 may be releasably mounted to the elongated body 22. In other embodiments, the cover 28 may be fixedly mounted to the elongated body 22. It is to be noted that how thecover 28 is mounted to the elongated body 22 should not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0109] The cover 28 may include a third end 30 and a fourth end 32. The third end 30 of the cover 28 may include a second actuatable component 34. The second actuatable component 34 may be operatively coupled to the first actuatable component 20. In some embodiments, the third end 30 of the cover 28 may include a third actuatable component 36. The second actuatable component 34 may be disposed opposite to each other.

[0110] The fourth end 32 may be structured as an angled or curved member configured to be placed within the vallecula (located immediately over the epiglottis) of a subject and may enable visualization of the glottic opening when upward and forward pressure is applied to the handle 12 by the user.

[0111] FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the cover 28, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the second actuatable component 34 and the third actuatable component 36 may be located at the third end 30 of the cover 28 and may be disposed opposite to each other. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the second actuatable component 34 may be detachably and operatively coupled to the first actuatable component 20 associated with the handle 12.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first actuatable component 20, the second actuatable component 34, and the third actuatable component 36 may be executed as a geared interface, for example, a set of friction gears. In other embodiments, the first actuatable component 20, the second actuatable component 34, and the third actuatable component 36 may be executed as a set of magnetic couplers. The first actuatable component 20 may be coupled to the second actuatable component 34 and the second actuatable component 34 may be coupled to the third actuatable component 36. As previously noted, the actuator 17 may exert actuation on the first actuatable component 20, in response, the first actuatable component 20 may exert actuation on the second actuatable component 34. Further, the second actuatable component 34 may exert actuation on the third actuatable component 36. In other words, based on the input from the input control device 18, the actuator 17 may directly or indirectly actuate the first actuatable component 20, the second actuatable component 34, and the third actuatable component 36.

[0113] Returning to FIG. 2, the second actuatable component 34 may be coupled to a first support rotatable component 50, and the third actuatable component 36 may be coupled to a second support rotatable component 52. The first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may be implemented as any suitable rotatable component such as a wheel, ball bearing, spheroidal member, or the like. The first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may be actuatable by virtue of the actuation of the second actuatable component 34, and the third actuatable component 36. As well, the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may be configured to rotate freely which is advantageous as a safety feature when a user may freely pull or push an ETT therebetween.

[0114] It is to be noted that even though in FIGs. 2 and 3 the two actuatable components 34 and 36 have been illustrated, in some non-limiting embodiments, the intubation apparatus 10 may include one actuatable component 34 coupled to the first support rotatable component 50. Opposite to the first support rotatable component 50, the second support rotatable component 52 may still be coupled to the third end 30 of the cover 28. In such embodiments, the second support rotatable component 52 may be interchangeably referred to as third actuatable component 36. How the second actuatable component 34 and the third actuatable component 36 are implemented should not limit the scope of present disclosure.

[0115] In certain non-limiting embodiments, the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may be separated by a distance that may be sufficient to receive the ETT for actuation.

[0116] In certain non-limiting embodiments, the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may be separated by a distance that is slightly shorter than a diameter of the ETT such that when the ETT is received between the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52, the ETT is compressed. In such embodiments, the second actuatable component 34 may be movable between the third end 30 and the fourth end 32. Such movement of the second actuatable component 34 may result in a forward and backward movement of the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 along the elongated body 22 and eventually moving the ETT along the elongated body.

[0117] In certain non-limiting embodiments, the cover 28 may further include a first elongated edge 38 and a second elongated edge 40. The first elongated edge 38 may be located opposite to the second elongated edge 40.

[0118] The first elongated edge 38 may define a channel 42 configured to receive the ETT. The channel 42 may be sized and dimensioned to interface with the ETT. The channel 42 may be configured to allow the ETT to be laterally moved relative to the channel 42. The channel 42 may include a depression or trough formed in the first elongated edge 38 that may be dimensioned and configured to interface with a portion of the outer wall of the ETT. In some of the non-limiting embodiments, the channel 42 may have a cross-sectional profile featuring a surface that may form a partially circular shape, which may align with the circular outer surface of the ETT for interaction.

[0119] The second elongated edge 40 may be shaped and sized to detachably cover the elongated body 22. How the second elongated edge 40 covers the elongated body 22 should not limit the scope of present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of the cover 28 depicting the second elongated edge 40, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the second elongated edge 40 may define a channel 56 configured to receive the elongated body 22. The channel 56 may be sized and dimensioned to interface with the elongated body 22. The channel 42 may include a passage or conduit formed in the second elongated edge 40 that may be dimensioned and configured to interface with a portion of the outer wall of the elongated body 22. In some of the non-limiting embodiments, the channel 42 may have a cross-sectional profile featuring a surface that may form a rectangular shape, which may align with the rectangular outer surface of the elongated body 22 for interaction.

[0120] FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded perspective view of another representative intubation apparatus 70, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In these embodiments, the intubation apparatus 70 may include a handle 72, an elongated body 73, and a cover 80. While the rest of the components of the intubation apparatus 70 may be implemented similar to the intubation apparatus 10, a distal end of the intubation apparatus includes two actuatable components 76 and 78. The actuatable component 76 may be operatively coupled to an actuator (not illustrated) and the actuatable component 78 may be operatively coupled to the actuatable component 76. The cover 80 may be configured tosurround the elongated body 73. The cover 80 may include actuatable components 82 and 84 and support rotatable components 86 and 88.

[0121] FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the cover 80 associated with the intubation apparatus 70, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. The actuatable components 78, 82, and 84 may be coupled to the actuatable component 76. The actuatable component 76 may receive actuation from an actuator (not shown) included in the handle 72. As a result, the actuatable component 76 may exert actuation on the actuatable components 78, 82, and 84.

[0122] FIG. 7 illustrates placement of ETT 60 into trachea of a subject 62 as part of a tracheal intubation procedure, in accordance with various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. A user 64, for example, a doctor, nurse, a healthcare professional, or a specialist may initiate a procedure of intubation (for example, tracheal intubation) over the subject 62 using the intubation apparatus 10. During the tracheal intubation procedure, the user 64 may insert the intubation apparatus 10 into the mouth of the subject 62, gently sweeping the tongue to the side to visualize the vocal cords and the opening of the trachea. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the imaging device 44 may capture images and / or video of the inside of the mouth of the subject 62. The captured video and / or images may be displayed over the display 46. Once the vocal cords are properly visualized by the user 64, the user 64 may guide the ETT 60 through the vocal cords and into the trachea. To do so, the user 64 may navigate the ETT 60 into the first elongated edge 38, where the ETT 60 may be received by the first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52. It is to be noted that in certain scenarios, the ETT 60 may be placed in the first elongated edge 38 prior to the intubation procedure.

[0123] The user 64 may then control the navigation of the ETT 60 by virtue of the input control device 18. The input control device 18 may generate an input signal to activate the actuator 17. The actuator 17 may exert actuation on the first actuatable component 20. In response, the first actuatable component 20 may exert actuation on the second actuatable component 34. As a result, the second actuatable component 34 may exert actuation on the first support rotatable component 50. In some embodiments, the second actuatable component 34 may exert actuation on the second support rotatable component 52. In other embodiments, the second support rotatable component 52 may receive the respectiveactuation from the movement of the ETT 60. The first support rotatable component 50 and the second support rotatable component 52 may preform the ETT 60 that may assist the ETT 60 to follow the curvature of the channel 42 with less friction.

[0124] A proper placement of the ETT 60 may be confirmed by observing chest rise, auscultating breath sounds over both lung fields, and using a carbon dioxide (CO2) detector to confirm exhaled CO2. The ETT 60 may be secured properly in place using appropriate methods, such as taping or securing it to the face of the subject 62.

[0125] Having thus shown and described the invention, it should be readily apparent therefore that single-handed ETT insertion and placement within the trachea of a patient is advantageously possible using the present inventive apparatus and cover. Moreover, it is contemplated that the handle and display portions of the apparatus are reusable while the cover is a consumable portion for single-use implementation where the apparatus and cover are integrated in their use during medical procedures utilizing an ETT. It should therefore be understood that the present invention may be provided in kit form such that a plurality of covers may be provided for consumable use together with the reusable portions of the apparatus. In this manner, it is contemplated that a plurality of consumable covers may be separately provided for after-market use in combination with the reusable portions of the apparatus. These aspects of the present invention also apply to the further alternative embodiment as shown in FIG. 8 through FIG. 15 described in further detail hereinbelow.

[0126] With regard to FIG. 8, there is illustrated another alternative embodiment of an intubation apparatus 100 in accordance with the present invention and shown fully assembled in perspective view with an ETT 140 retained therein. Here, the intubation apparatus 100 includes a display 110 for engagement by a user for real-time visualization of the procedure for placement of the ETT 140 into the trachea of a patient in a manner similar to that already discussed hereinabove with regard to earlier embodiments. The two primary portions of the intubation apparatus 100 include a reusable portion further shown and described with regard to FIG. 9 that includes the handle 120 and display 110 and a consumable (i.e., single-use, disposable) portion that includes a cover 130 further shown and described with regard to FIG. 10. As shown assembled in FIG. 8, it should be noted that the consumable portion including the cover 130 is attached over the proximal section of the handle 120 in an interference-fit manner (i.e., “snap fit”) whereby the end of the handle 120includes a connector in the form of a recessed male connection (element 125 in FIG. 9) while the cover 130 includes a female connection (element 132 in FIG. 10) for snap-fit connection thereto.

[0127] With continued reference to FIG. 8, it should be understood that while the relative dimensions with regard to the length of the ETT 140 shows approximately one-third of the ETT 140 retained within the cover 130, the cover 130 itself may be fabricated to any suitable lengthwise dimension thereby allowing additional length of the ETT 140 to be retained within the cover 130. In practice, the length of the ETT 140 retained within the cover 130 dictates the distance that the ETT 140 may extend distally from the apparatus 100 as a whole. This aspect is important to note in terms of varying anatomies of patients whereby the requisite distance that any given ETT may linearly travel safely is of course variable among differences in patient anatomies. Indeed, most anesthesia textbooks recommend depth of placement of an ETT to be 21 cm and 23 cm in adult females and males, respectively, from central incisors though this range may vary due to variability in patient height. Thus, different lengthwise configurations of the cover 130 than as shown may be possible to allow for a larger range of fully retracted versus fully extended ETT positions without straying from the intended scope of the present invention. Such movement from fully retracted versus fully extended ETT positions occurs via smooth guiding through the distal end of the cover 130 as further explained hereinbelow.

[0128] With regard to FIG. 9, the reusable portions of the intubation apparatus are shown. These include the display 110 as previously mentioned along with the handle 120 and two elements which extend from the distal end of the handle 120. These elements include an image capture mechanism 121 which may be in the form of a cable, lead, or whip having an optic tip 122 for image capture and relay to electronics (not shown) within the handle 120 to thereby provide real-time imaging to the user of the apparatus via the display 110. The image capture mechanism may be formed from an optical fiber. Alternatively, the image capture mechanism may be a communications cable operatively coupled to a miniature camera thereby replacing the optic tip. In this manner and as previously described and suggested by the above descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention, the user may guide the apparatus for proper placement of the ETT by viewing the display 110 that includes real-time imaging obtained from the optic tip 122.

[0129] With continued reference to FIG. 9, the handle 120 includes the recessed male connection 125 as mentioned above. As may be seen, the recessed male connection 125 is an area of the distal section of the handle 120 that is of reduced diameter over which the cover 130 is matingly connected in a removeable interference -fit manner. Because the cover 130 is fabricated from a low-cost biocompatible polymer or some similarly suitable material, an interference-fit is rendered easily by manual insertion of the cover 130 onto the recessed male connection 125. It should be understood that while a relatively square diameter of the recessed male connection 125 is shown, any suitable shape or dimension may be used so long as the corresponding shape of the cover 130 may be firmly coupled thereto. Upon such coupling, the cover 130 forms a protective sheath over the image capture mechanism 121 along with engaging a power transfer mechanism 124.

[0130] The power transfer mechanism 124 extends from the proximal section of the handle 120 and is operably connected to an actuator (not shown) within the handle 120. As previously discussed and suggested with the previous embodiments above, the actuator may be any motive source. In one possible configuration, the actuator may be a miniature motor which, through internal gearing well known to those of ordinary skill in the motor art, may supply a mechanical rotational force to the power transfer mechanism 124. In a typical implementation without straying from the intended concept of the invention, the power transfer mechanism 124 may be a solid shaft fabricated from a suitably durable material such as, but not limited to, steel, rigid polymer, or a composite material and formed in any suitable shape including, but not limited to, a cylindrical or a multifaced (e.g., hexagonal) shaft. The power transfer mechanism 124 includes a power transfer tip 123 that may be suitably shaped (e.g., keyed) to engage a power transfer point (element 133 in FIG. 10) to drive internal gearing (not shown) located within the proximal end of the cover 130 and further described hereinbelow with regard to FIG. 10. The internal actuator (not shown) and thus the power transfer mechanism 124 are activated and controlled by the user via the input control device 126 which, here, is shown implemented as a button switch within an ergonomic curved recess of the handle 120 for manual operation and actuation by the user.

[0131] With regard to FIG. 10, there is illustrated a side perspective view of a consumable portion of the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8 including the aforementioned cover 130. Here, the cover 130 is seen to include the female connection 132onto which is removably inserted the recessed male section 125 of the handle 120 as previously mentioned. The area from the female connection 132 up to and including a sleeve 131 is hollow. This allows the cover 130 to be fabricated in a cost-effective manner using any suitable material such as high-grade, biocompatible polymer. The sleeve 131 is an integrally formed extension of the body of the cover 130 and forms a protective sheath for the image capture mechanism 121 once the cover 130 is fully seated and attached to the recessed male section 125 of the handle 120. In this manner, the consumable cover 130 advantageously helps to prevent bodily fluids from coming into contact with the reusable section including the handle 120 and display 110. Thus, the consumable cover 130 may be easily and quickly replaced while the reusable section including the handle 120 and display 110 may advantageously have a substantially reduced or eliminated need for post-use cleaning and / or sterilization.

[0132] It should be readily apparent that although the power transfer mechanism 124 is engaged by the cover 130, the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 does not completely surround or otherwise form a sheathing around the power transfer mechanism 124. However, to further enhance the reusability of the handle 120 and correspondingly coupled power transfer mechanism 124, it should be understood that the present inventive apparatus may optionally include a full enclosure of the power transfer mechanism 124 by the cover 130 without straying from the intended scope of the present invention.

[0133] With continued reference to FIG. 10, the distal end of the cover 130 includes a power transfer point 133 that is configured to engage the power transfer tip 123 in order to direct motive force from the actuator via gearing (not shown) in the handle 120 through the power transfer mechanism 124 to the aperture 133. While the power transfer point 133 is shown in FIG. 10 as an aperture, it should be understood that the power transfer point may be any structure that suitably forms an operative connection between the actuator in the handle and the motive elements located within the cover - i.e., the power transfer point 133 is preferably keyed or slotted in a manner to operably connect the power transfer mechanism 124 to an actuatable component that may include internal gearing or suitably similar motive elements (not shown) situated within cover 131. In particular, the actuatable component in the form of internal gearing may be configured in a manner well-known to those in the gearing art to transfer the motive force from the power transfer mechanism 124 to a drivemechanism (element 135 in FIG. 15) that itself engages an ETT inserted into the apparatus. As will be described further hereinbelow, the ETT is slidingly retained within the cover 130 by two wheel-like structures, one of which forms the drive mechanism.

[0134] FIG. 11 through FIG. 14 are perspective views that show the alternative embodiment of the intubation apparatus 100 of FIG. 8 in various positions. In particular, FIG. 11 shows a front right, fully -assembled perspective view of the intubation apparatus 100; FIG. 12 shows a front left, fully-assembled perspective view of the intubation apparatus 100; FIG. 13 shows a rear left, fully-assembled perspective view of the intubation apparatus 100; and FIG. 14 shows a rear right, fully-assembled perspective view of the intubation apparatus 100. By way of these illustrations, like-numbered elements already described in detail above are further shown from differing angles. In particular, the engagement of the power transfer mechanism 124 by the cover 130 is best seen via FIG. 12 and FIG. 13. Likewise, the engagement of the ETT 140 within the cover 103 is best seen via FIG. 12 through FIG. 14. As the like-numbered elements are believed fully described in the paragraphs above, no additional description is believed necessary with regard to FIG. 11 through FIG. 14.

[0135] With regard to FIG. 15, there is shown a close-up, perspective view of the partial distal end of the fully-assembled intubation apparatus in accordance with the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and which concurs with FIG. 11 through FIG, 14. For the sake of illustrative clarity, the partial close-up view of FIG. 15 shows only a small portion of the handle 120 coupled to the cover 130 in which the ETT 140 is retained.

[0136] In FIG. 15, the power transfer mechanism 124 is visible spanning from the handle 120 to a gear housing 136 located at the distal portion of the cover. As previously mentioned, the power transfer mechanism 124 is a rotating shaft which transfers power from the actuator (not shown) within the handle 120 to gears (not shown) within the gear housing 136. Such power transfer transforms the rotational force of the power transfer mechanism 124 to the drive mechanism 135 in order to advance or retract the ETT 140 in a direction (shown by a bi-directional arrow) that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the intubation apparatus. The ETT 140 is firmly secured from any lateral movement by a retention mechanism 134 which opposes drive mechanism 135 as shown. It should be understood thatadvancement or retraction of the ETT 140 will thereby expose less or more of the sleeve 131 in which the optic tip 122 is situated as shown.

[0137] In the implementation as illustrated, both the retention mechanism 134 and the drive mechanism 135 are formed by concave wheel-like bearing structures though any suitable structure, not limited to wheels, may be used to provide a contact point with the ETT. It is notable that the drive mechanism 135 is an active motive element (driven via the power transfer mechanism 124 and related gearing (not shown) in the gear housing 136, while the retention mechanism 134 is a passive, non-driven element that does not transfer any driving force to the surface of the ETT 140 which the retention mechanism 134 abuts during normal operation. The retention mechanism 134 is held in place abutting the surface of the ETT 140 in a compressive manner against the opposing the drive mechanism 135. This is accomplished by spring force of the arm 137 to which the retention mechanism 134 is operably connected. The spring force of the arm 137 compressingly maintains the retention mechanism 134 in place against the surface of the ETT 140 during normal operation. It should be understood that the spring force of the arm 137 may be adjustable to afford reduced compression for feeding stylets (not shown) between the retention mechanism 134 and the drive mechanism 135 without damage or deformation - this is advantageous when such structures fed through are fabricated from soft polymers and thus more at risk of over compression.

[0138] As with the earlier embodiments, the retention mechanism 134 and the drive mechanism 135 may be freely movable as a safety feature to enable a user to pull or push the ETT therebetween - i.e., thereby affording the opportunity for manual intubation. Likewise, the retention mechanism 134 may optionally be an active motive element in addition to the drive mechanism 135. Thus, both wheels as shown in FIG. 15 may be active or just one may be active without straying from the intended scope of the present invention.

[0139] As seen in FIG. 15, the ETT 140 include an adapter 141 at the proximal end of the ETT 141. However, the user may manually overcome the compressive force of the arm 137 in order to swing the arm 137 away from the surface of the ETT 140 thereby allowing the combined handle 120 and cover 130 to slide away from the patient and thereby disengage the ETT 140 from the intubation apparatus at which point the ETT 140 would be fully inserted into the trachea of the patient. The adapter 141 would then be freely accessible bythe user to attach any suitable other medical device such as an external breathing apparatus (not shown). It should be understood that the compressive spring force of the arm 137 may be formed by any suitable structure including, but not limited to, an internal spring located at the hinge of the arm 137 with the gear housing 136 or even the inherent material flexibility of the arm itself. It should be understood that all parts of the cover 130 may be fabricated from single-use polymeric materials suitable for medical applications.

[0140] In any of the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood that the intubation apparatus may be wired or wireless in terms of either or both power and communications. For example, the actuator may include on-board power such as a battery pack that may itself be replaceable or rechargeable. Likewise, the actuator may be corded such that an external power cord is provided. Still further, data obtained from the camera and / or optical tip may include both visual data as well as other data such as, but not limited to, temperature, CO2, or any other relevant medical data using additional sensors (not shown) provided on or near the distal end of the intubation apparatus. Such data may be processed using electronics (e.g., computer processor, FPGA, DSP, etc.) located on-board the intubation apparatus or located external to the intubation apparatus (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to an external processing unit such as a laptop or the like). It should be readily apparent that data communications may be combined with power for example via a USB connection or separated such that data transfer occurs wirelessly with power safely connected via, for example, a breakaway magnetic power connector.

[0141] In any of the aforementioned embodiments, it should be further understood that the intubation apparatus may further include a processor for control of ETT actuation. This may include the use of guidance software that may utilize artificial intelligence (Al) for “smart” operation of the intubation apparatus.

[0142] With reference to FIG. 16, there is illustrated the display 110 in use in accordance with one embodiment. Here, the display 110 as disclosed in accordance with the aforementioned embodiments is shown with an active display showing an image of entry to a human glottis with a reticle 150 superimposed over the image. While a specific crosshair configuration is shown for illustrative clarity, it should be understood that any reticle configuration may be provided within the intended scope of the present disclosure. Generation of the reticle 150 or any similar visual aids may be provided using Al softwarein combination with the image capture mechanism to track the tracheal opening and assist or automate the movement of the ETT into placement within the trachea. Indeed, the reticle may be a crosshair reticle, a circle, or any shape. The reticle may also be a compound reticle such that one portion of the reticle outlines or otherwise identifies for the user the tracheal opening while another portion of the reticle may provide real-time identification of the location of the trajectory of the ETT if advanced at that given moment. This has the advantage of improving consistency, speed, safety, and overall efficacy of medical procedures involving an ETT. In operation, a user may insert the intubation apparatus and as shown by FIG. 16, may use the display 110 in conjunction with the Al software to align the leading edge of the ETT with the tracheal opening, trigger actuation (i.e., advancement or retraction) of the ETT, and thereby facilitate accurate placement of the ETT.

[0143] With regard to FIG. 17 through FIG. 22, there is shown and described still a further embodiment of the intubation apparatus. As seen in FIG. 17 and like earlier described embodiments, the intubation apparatus 1700 in accordance with this further embodiment is further simplified to include a main body in the form of handle 1720 having a control switch 1770. The handle 1720 is again ergonomically configured for one handed usage by a medical professional allowing for thumb activation of the control switch 1770. It should be understood that FIG. 17 is illustrated in a partially exploded view to allow viewing of the disposable (i.e., consumable and replaceable) portions of the intubation apparatus 1700. The disposable portions of the intubation apparatus 1700 include a blade casing 1780 through which an ETT (not shown) may travel when aligned between a drive wheel 1786 and a biasing wheel 1788. The drive wheel 1786, once assembled, operatively engages the drive gear 1776 which itself is controlled via a motor (later shown and described with regard to FIG. 22.) The blade casing 1780 (when assembled) is intended to securely abut against the elongated body 1773 that forms the proximal end of the handle 1720 opposite the display 1710. A gear cover 1790 completes (when assembled) the replaceable section of the intubation apparatus 1700 including the blade casing 1780 to thereby retain the drive wheel 1786 and a biasing wheel 1788 therein. It should be understood that the blade casing and gear cover which form the replaceable section of the intubation apparatus is effectively a cover as shown and described in earlier embodiments. Accordingly, the term “cover” may be used to describe the replaceable section of the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 17 through FIG. 22.

[0144] The drive wheel 1786 serves to engage the outer wall of the ETT and provides movement from the rotary force of the drive wheel 1786 to the linear sidewall surface of the ETT. To prevent slippage, a biasing wheel 1788 provides an opposing force whereby the spacing between the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788 enables sufficient compression of the ETT between the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788. It should be understood that the extent of compression should be sufficient to retain the ETT, but not be excessive to thereby deform or otherwise damage the ETT itself. While this presents a delicate balance as the given ETT is typically a flexible material, it should be understood that the biasing wheel 1788 may be provided with a release mechanism (not shown) to substantially reduce or otherwise selectively eliminate the compressive force placed upon the ETT by the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788. This feature may be useful for situations where it may be desirable to manually remove the ETT quickly while the intubation apparatus remains in situ within the patient.

[0145] As with the earlier embodiments, the drive mechanism embodied in the drive wheel 1786 and the retention mechanism embodied in the biasing wheel 1788 may both be freely movable as a safety feature to enable a user to pull or push the ETT therebetween - i.e., thereby affording the opportunity for manual intubation. In this manner, the drive wheel 1786 and biasing wheel 1788 form an antifriction unit which (when freewheeling without motor activation) may increase the freedom of linear movement of an ETT through the main channel of the blade casing 1780. Indeed, the antifriction unit may be formed by one or more additional structures such as, but not limited to, a ring of free-rolling balls (e.g., ball bearing sleeve) retained within the blade casing 1780 through which the ETT may slide. Moreover, any similar additional antifriction unit may be provided in several different forms without straying from the intended scope of the present invention. When freewheeling without motor activation, it should be understood that the antifriction device acts as a guide to facilitate linear movement of the ETT through the channel of the blade casing. Indeed, the motor may be selectively disengaged from the antifriction device such as, but not limited to, a clutch element or any mechanical disengagement element as may be known in the mechanical arts and will not be further described herein.

[0146] Likewise, because the ETT is flexible and therefore deformable, it should be understood that the presence of a release mechanism may be advantageous in that thecompressive force may be eliminated when the intubation apparatus is not in use for an extended period of time (e.g., during storage or between procedures) while the ETT remains in place between the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788 and aligned within the blade casing 1780. In this manner, no forces will therefore be incurred upon the ETT and thereby kinks, dents, or any related deformities in the ETT may therefore be successfully avoided.

[0147] With reference to FIG. 18, the intubation apparatus 1700 is shown assembled and from a view opposite that of FIG. 17. Here, the rear of the display 1710 is visible such that a pivot attachment 1701 of the display 1710 to the handle 1720 may be seen. This pivot attachment 1701 allows for movement of the display 1710 by the user thereby enabling clear viewing at a wide range of angles when during use of the intubation apparatus 1700 within a patient. As mentioned, the intubation apparatus 1700 is shown assembled whereby the elongated body 1773 and the blade casing 1780 are thereby attaches to form an integrated blade portion of the intubation apparatus 1700. It should be understood that such blade portion is the section of the intubation apparatus 1700 that is inserted within the oral cavity of the patient up to the trachea. For comparison and illustrative purposes, FIG. 19 shows the incomplete intubation apparatus from the same angle as FIG. 18 though with the blade casing removed which thereby reveals an image capture mechanism 1774. As in previous embodiments, the image capture mechanism 1774 enables video laryngoscopy whereby a video camera positioned above the vocal cords provides magnified views of anatomical structures in the upper airway when in use.

[0148] With reference to FIG. 20, here the gear cover is removed to reveal the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788. As is therefore evident, it should be readily apparent that an ETT placed within the channel formed in the blade casing 1780 which will therefore place the ETT between the drive wheel 1786 and the biasing wheel 1788 does not enter nor is exposed to any internal parts of the handle 1720. In other words, only the disposable (i.e., consumable and replaceable) portions of the intubation apparatus are in direct contact with and therefore exposed to the ETT which itself becomes contaminated with bodily fluids. In this manner, the non-disposable housing 1720 along with its elongated body 1773 (hidden in this view) are kept relatively clean thus facilitating re-use without the need for laborious or extensive cleaning. In contrast, the relatively more contaminated disposable portions (i.e.,the blade casing 1780, the drive wheel 1786, the biasing wheel 1788, and the gear cover 1790) are fabricated from relatively few parts and are therefore less costly to replace than sterilize. For greater illustration of this point, FIG. 21 shows the intubation apparatus with the disposable parts removed. Here, only the gear 1776 remains as the sole portion of the handle 1720 which (when assembled) engages the drive wheel 1786 against the outer surface of the ETT.

[0149] FIG. 22 shows all non-disposable parts of the intubation apparatus as seen in FIG. 21 , but in full exploded view. From this illustration, the inner workings of the apparatus are shown and described. Here, the housing is seen to be formed by its constituent clamshell elements 1721, 1722 which enclose the main body 1720a of the handle section. It should be understood that the main body 1720a forms a functional heat sink to aid in distribution of excessive and unwanted heat that may be generated by the internal circuitry mounted on circuit boards 2201, 2202. As well, the drive motor 2204 controlled by the circuitry may be mounted directly to the main body 1720a and operationally connected via electrical connector 2205 to adjacent circuit board 2201. The power take off shaft 2203 of the drive motor 2204 is connectable to the drive gear 1776 once assembled. The image capture mechanism 1774 is shown connectable to the circuit board 2202 via ribbon cable 1774a and held within the constituent elements 1773a and 1773b which form the elongated body once assembled that extends from the proximal end of the intubation apparatus.

[0150] As mentioned above, it should be understood that real-time imaging may be provided by the intubation apparatus. While a display integrated with the is advantageous, there may be advantages to provide additional display capabilities either through wired or wireless connections from the intubation apparatus to one or more external displays. This has the advantage of providing additional visualization options to attending medical professionals and further may also provide improved training capabilities for junior medical professionals or technicians thereby improving the efficacy of the present inventive apparatus in a variety of settings. Moreover, the intubation apparatus may be provided with a removeable display and / or only a remote display with wired or wireless capabilities to communicate real-time data from the intubation apparatus to one or more remote displays including, but not limited to, display within the general vicinity of the patient being treated or further afield in terms of remote telehealth implementations.

[0151] In light of the above-described embodiments, it should therefore be understood that the intubation apparatus may be provided as a housing formed as a handle ergonomically shaped for one-handed use. The housing may include an actuator located within the housing, an input control device (e.g., button or toggle capable of manipulation by the user’s thumb as previously discussed) located on the housing and operatively coupled to the actuator. A processor may also be located within the housing for processing the Al software. As mentioned, a connector located near the distal end would be provided for detachable connection to a disposable cover. A power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end is engageable with the cover. The image capture mechanism extends from the distal end of the housing and is operatively coupled to the processor. As above, the disposable cover may include the sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein, the power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism, and a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point. In operation, the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage with, and impart movement, to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

[0152] It should be understood that the processor may be operatively coupled to at least one display for real-time viewing of an image obtained by the image capturing mechanism where the display may be integral with the housing or may be remote from the housing. The intubation apparatus may be provided as system including the intubation apparatus and including at least one additional remote display in communication with the processor housed within the intubation apparatus.

[0153] In accordance with the “smart” operation, the intubation apparatus may perform steps embodied as software on a computer readable medium and executed by the processor, the steps including: identifying a tracheal opening; overlaying a reticle on the image obtained by the image capturing mechanism; automatically aligning the reticle with the tracheal opening; and upon alignment of the reticle with the tracheal opening, providing indication to a user of the intubation apparatus of successful alignment. Upon successful alignment, the steps may further include automatically advancing the ETT into the tracheal opening.

[0154] The functions of the various elements shown in the figures, including any functional block labeled as a "processor" or a “graphics processing unit,” may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing software in association with appropriate software. When provided by a processor, the functions may be provided by a single dedicated processor, by a single shared processor, or by a plurality of individual processors, some of which may be shared. In one or more non-limiting implementations of the present technology, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a processor dedicated to a specific purpose, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU). Moreover, explicit use of the term "processor" or "controller" should not be construed to refer exclusively to hardware capable of executing software, and may implicitly include, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, network processor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), read-only memory (ROM) for storing software, random access memory (RAM), and non-volatile storage. Other hardware, conventional and / or custom, may also be included.

[0155] It should be expressly understood that not all technical effects mentioned herein need to be enjoyed in each and every implementation of the present technology. For example, implementations of the present technology may be implemented without the user enjoying some of these technical effects, while other non-limiting implementations may be implemented with the user enjoying other technical effects or none at all.

[0156] Modifications and improvements to the above-described implementations of the present technology may become apparent to those skilled in the art. The foregoing description is intended to be exemplary rather than limiting.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. An intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a first actuatable component operatively coupled to the actuator; and an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongated body being coupled to the distal end of the handle; and a cover configured to surround at least a portion of the elongated body, the cover including: a second actuatable component, the second actuatable component being operatively coupled to the first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivable ETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component based on an input from the input control device, the second elongated edge shaped and sized to surround the elongated body.

2. The intubation apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the second end of the elongated body includes an imaging device.

3. The intubation apparatus of Claim 2, wherein the imaging device is operatively coupled to a display.

4. The intubation apparatus of Claim 3, wherein the display is removably coupled to the handle.

5. The intubation apparatus of Claim 3, wherein the display is fixedly coupled to the handle.

6. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the elongated body further comprises an illumination device.

7. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the actuator is based on at least one of : electrical motors, hydraulics, and / or pneumatics.

8. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the second actuatable component comprises at least two actuatable components disposed opposite to each other.

9. The intubation apparatus of Claim 8, wherein the at least two actuatable components are removably and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

10. The intubation apparatus of Claim 8, wherein the at least two actuatable components are fixedly and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

11. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 9 or 10, wherein each of the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component include one or more of: wheels, and / or ball bearings.

12. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 11, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by a distance that is sufficient to receive the ETT for actuation.

13. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 11, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by adistance that is slightly shorter than a diameter of the ETT such that when the ETT is received between the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component, the ETT is compressed.

14. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 13, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component provides actuation to the ETT.

15. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 9 to 14, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are disposed opposite to each other.

16. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein each of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component includes at least one friction gear.

17. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component include magnetic couplers.

18. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 17, wherein the elongated body is a curved elongated body.

19. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 17, wherein the elongated body is a flexible elongated body.

20. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 19, wherein the cover further comprises a third end and a fourth end, the second actuatable component being located at the third end of the cover.

21. The intubation apparatus of Claim 20, wherein the second actuatable component is movable between the third end and the fourth end.

22. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 21, wherein the cover is detachably mounted to the elongated body.

23. The intubation apparatus of any one of Claims 1 to 21, wherein the cover is fixedly mounted to the elongated body.

24. A cover for an intubation apparatus, the cover comprising: a first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge, the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivable ETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component, the second elongated edge being shaped and sized to detachably surround an elongated body associated with the intubation apparatus.

25. The cover of Claim 24, wherein the first actuatable component comprises at least two actuatable components disposed opposite to each other.

26. The cover of Claim 25, wherein the at least two actuatable components are removably and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

27. The cover of Claim 25, wherein the at least two actuatable components are fixedly and operably coupled to a first support rotatable component and a second support rotatable component, respectively.

28. The cover of any one of Claims 26 or 27, wherein each of the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component includes one or more of: wheels, and / or ball bearings.

29. The cover of any one of Claims 26 to 28, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by a distance that is sufficient to receive the ETT for actuation.

30. The cover of any one of Claims 24 to 26, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are separated by a distancethat is slightly shorter than a diameter of the ETT such that when the ETT is received between the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component, the ETT is compressed.

31. The cover of any one of Claims 26 to 30, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component provides actuation to the ETT.

32. The cover of any one of Claims 26 to 31, wherein the first support rotatable component and the second support rotatable component are disposed opposite to each other.

33. An intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator and located near the proximal end; the distal end including a first actuatable component operatively coupled to the actuator; and an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongated body is coupled to the distal end of the handle, the elongated body being configured to receive a cover, the cover including: a second actuatable component, the second actuatable component being detachably and operatively coupled to the first actuatable component; and a first elongated edge and a second elongated edge opposite to the first elongated edge,the first elongated edge defining a channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), the receivable ETT being actuatable in the first elongated edge by virtue of the first actuatable component and the second actuatable component based on an input from the input control device, the second elongated edge being shaped and sized to detachably surround the elongated body.

34. A kit for use with an endotracheal tube (ETT), the kit comprising: a reusable handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a first actuatable component operatively coupled to the actuator; and a connector located near the distal end, the connector being configured to receive a cover; and at least one consumable cover capable of detachable coupling to the connector of the reusable handle, the at least one consumable cover including: a second actuatable component capable of operatively coupling to the first actuatable component; wherein the at least one consumable cover, upon attachment to the housing, is capable of engaging the ETT for at least linear movement of the ETT under control of the input control device.

35. The kit as claimed in Claim 34, wherein the reusable handle includes a display attached to the proximal end of the handle.

36. The kit as claims in any one of Claims 34 to 35, wherein the at least one consumable cover, when connected to the housing, provides transfer of motive force from the actuator to the second actuatable component.

37. The kit as claims in any one of Claims 34 to 36, wherein the kit includes a single reusable handle and a plurality of consumable covers.

38. An intubation apparatus comprising: a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a display located near the proximal end; the distal end including: a connector; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end of the handle; an image capture mechanism operatively coupled to the display and extending from the distal end of the handle; and a cover configured to removably attach to the connector and including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; andwherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

39. The intubation apparatus of Claim 38, wherein the drive mechanism is a concave bearing structure dimensioned to engage an external curvature of the ETT.

40. The intubation apparatus of any on of Claims 38 to 39, wherein the cover includes a retention mechanism located opposite from the drive mechanism.

41. The intubation apparatus of Claim 38, wherein the retention mechanism is nondriven and imparts a compressive spring force on the ETT.

42. A cover for use with an intubation apparatus having a handle including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator; an input control device operatively coupled to the actuator; a display located at the proximal end; the distal end including: a connector; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end of the handle; and an image capture mechanism operatively coupled to the display and extending from the distal end of the handle, the cover comprising: a connection element configured to removably attach to the connector of the handle; a sleeve for accepting an image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging a power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

43. The cover of Claim 42, wherein the drive mechanism is a concave bearing structure dimensioned to engage an external curvature of the ETT.

44. The cover of any one of Claims 42 to 43, wherein the cover includes a retention mechanism located opposite from the drive mechanism.

45. The cover of Claim 44, wherein the retention mechanism is non-driven and imparts a compressive spring force on the ETT.

46. An intubation apparatus comprising: a housing formed as a handle, the housing including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator located within the housing; an input control device located on the housing and operatively coupled to the actuator; a processor located within the housing; a connector located near the distal end; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end; an image capture mechanism extending from the distal end and operatively coupled to the processor; and a disposable cover configured to removably attach to the connector, the disposable cover including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the drive mechanism is further configured to detachably engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and impart movement to the ETT when activated by the input control device.

47. The intubation apparatus as claimed in Claim 46, wherein the processor is operatively coupled to at least one display for real-time viewing of an image obtained by the image capturing mechanism.

48. The intubation apparatus as claimed in Claim 47, wherein the display is integral with the housing.

49. The intubation apparatus as claimed in Claim 47, wherein the display is remote from the housing.

50. The intubation apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 47 to 49, wherein the intubation apparatus performs steps embodied as software on a computer readable medium and executed by the processor, the steps including: identifying a tracheal opening; overlaying a reticle on the image obtained by the image capturing mechanism; automatically aligning the reticle with the tracheal opening; and upon alignment of the reticle with the tracheal opening, providing indication to a user of the intubation apparatus of successful alignment.

51. The intubation apparatus as claimed in Claim 50, wherein, upon successful alignment, the steps further include automatically advancing the ETT into the tracheal opening.

52. The intubation apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 46 to 50, wherein the housing further includes a main body providing dissipation of heat generated by the processor and the acutator.

53. A system including the intubation apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 46 to 52 and including at least one additional remote display in communication with the processor.

54. A system for movement of an endotracheal tube (ETT) within a tracheal opening, the system comprising: a base portion including an actuator and a trigger for activating the actuator, the base portion including an image capturing mechanism and an electronic system operably coupled to each of the trigger, the actuator, and the image capturing mechanism;a cover portion attachable to a distal section of the base portion, the cover portion including at least one actuatable component operably coupled to the actuator, the actuatable component providing motive force upon the ETT; and a display portion providing the user with a real-time view from the image capturing mechanism, the display portion operatively coupled to the electronic system.

55. The system as claimed in Claim 54, wherein the display portion is integrated with the base portion.

56. The system as claimed in Claim 54, wherein the display portion is remote from the base portion and wirelessly connected to the electronic system.

57. The system as claimed in any one of Claims 54 to 56, further including a plurality of remote display portions located remote from the base portion and wirelessly connected to the electronic system.

58. The system as claimed in any one of Claims 54 to 57, wherein the base portion enables one-handed operation by a user.

59. The system as claimed in any one of Claims 56 to 58, wherein one or more display portion comprises a corded display.

60. An intubation apparatus comprising: a housing formed as a handle, the housing including: a distal end and a proximal end; an actuator located within the housing; an input control device located on the housing and operatively coupled to the actuator; a processor located within the housing; a connector located near the distal end; a power transfer mechanism operatively coupled to the actuator and extending from the distal end; an image capture mechanism extending from the distal end and operatively coupled to the processor; anda disposable cover configured to removably attach to the connector, the disposable cover including: a sleeve for accepting the image capture mechanism therein; a power transfer point for engaging the power transfer mechanism; an antifriction unit operatively coupled to the power transfer mechanism via the power transfer point; and wherein the antifriction unit is further configured to selectively engage an endotracheal tube (ETT) and enable movement of the ETT.

61. The intubation apparatus as claimed in Claim 60, wherein the antifriction unit includes a drive element and a biasing element, the drive element imparting linear movement upon the ETT when activated by the input control device.

62. A cover for an intubation apparatus, the cover comprising: an elongated channel configured to receive an endotracheal tube (ETT), and an antifriction unit located within the elongated channel; wherein the antifriction unit is configured to selectively engage the ETT thereby enabling movement of the ETT within the elongated channel.

63. The cover of Claim 62, wherein antifriction unit is operably connected to the intubation apparatus and includes at least one component protruding from inside the elongated channel.

64. The cover of Claim 63, wherein the at least one component is a wheel.

65. The cover of Claim 63, wherein the at least one component includes at least one actuatable component.

66. The cover of Claim 63, wherein the antifriction unit includes a drive element and a biasing element, the drive element imparting linear movement upon the ETT when activated.

Images