Transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/070270
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-10
Smart Images

Figure CN2024070270_10072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL BASED ON ACKNOWLEDGMENT FEEDBACK
[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0004] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback. For example, the described techniques provide for determination by a UE of when to increase a transmit power associated with audio transmissions based on acknowledgment feedback and predicted audio quality degradation instances such that the UE and an audio playback device in Bluetooth communication with the UE may avoid audio quality degradation. The UE may monitor for reception of feedback associated with audio packet transmissions during a no acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) duration (e.g., an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration) of an evaluation period. The evaluation period may be a duration during which the UE may transmit audio packets and monitor for corresponding feedback from the audio playback device. The no ACK / NACK duration may be shorter in time than the evaluation period, and may occur in time before some predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., a glitch point) . The UE may increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on receiving a NACK or failing to receive an ACK during the no ACK / NACK duration. The transmit power increase may occur during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, which may be subsequent to the no ACK / NACK duration and shorter in time than the evaluation period. The UE may transmit the audio packets to the audio playback device in accordance using the increased transmit power.
[0005] A method for wireless communications by a UE is described. The method may include monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, and transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0006] A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, increase a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, and transmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0007] Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, and means for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, increase a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period, and transmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0009] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold and maintaining the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold.
[0010] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power may be maintained.
[0011] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0012] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold and returning, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that may be less than the increased transmit power based on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold.
[0013] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmission of the one or more audio packets using the increased transmit power reduces an impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance on reception of the one or more audio packets.
[0014] Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for predicting a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance, where the predicting occurs before the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, and where monitoring for reception of the acknowledgment feedback may be based on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0015] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission may be transmitted to an audio playback device in communication with the UE via Bluetooth.
[0016] In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration includes the UE receiving negative acknowledgment feedback or not receiving any acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 2 shows an example of wireless communication systems that support transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 3 shows an example of an acknowledgment feedback timeline that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 4 shows an example of an adaptive power control timeline that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 5 shows an example of a packet-based power control timeline that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 6 shows an example of a flow diagram that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 7 shows an example of a process flow that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0025] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIGs. 12 through 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In some wireless communications systems, a user equipment (UE) may communicate with audio playback devices (e.g., earbuds, headphones) or other wireless devices via Bluetooth. In some examples, an audio playback device may experience high levels of interference while the UE may experience relatively lower levels of interference. In such cases, the audio playback device may be more easily impacted by the interference because of their hardware design (e.g., where the UE may be better equipped to insulate itself from the interference than the audio playback device) . Alternatively, there may be short-duration strong interference during audio transmissions (e.g., advanced audio distribution profile (A2DP) streaming) , which may result in an increase in audio glitches and negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback from the audio playback device. After receiving one or more NACKs during a particular duration of time, the UE may determine to increase a transmit power of the audio transmissions, however this may fail to increase the quality and success of the audio transmissions if there is short-duration strong interference during the duration of time. As such, the audio playback device may be impacted by interference (e.g., including audio glitches, reduced audio quality) if there are high interference levels or short-duration strong interference at the audio playback device.
[0029] The techniques described herein provide for a UE to determine when to increase a transmit power associated with audio transmissions based on acknowledgment feedback and predicted interference (e.g., predicted audio quality degradation instances) such that the UE and an audio playback device in Bluetooth communication with the UE may avoid the predicted interference. The UE may monitor for reception of feedback (e.g., positive acknowledgment (ACK) , NACK, or no ACK feedback) associated with audio packet transmissions during a no ACK / NACK duration (e.g., an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration) of an evaluation period. The evaluation period may be a duration of time during which the UE may transmit audio packets and monitor for corresponding feedback from the audio playback device. The no ACK / NACK duration may be shorter in time than the evaluation period, and may occur in time before some predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., a glitch point) .
[0030] The UE may increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on receiving a NACK or failing to receive an ACK during the no ACK / NACK duration. The transmit power increase may occur during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, which may be subsequent to the no ACK / NACK duration and shorter in time than the evaluation period. The UE may transmit the audio packets to the audio playback device in accordance using the increased transmit power. In some implementations, after the power-up duration, the UE may continue to transmit audio packets using the increased transmit power if the total duration of increased power in the evaluation period is greater than a power duration threshold. As such, the UE may improve audio quality by increasing the transmit power before an actual instance of degraded audio quality (e.g., interference) , thus increasing the anti-interference ability of the UE and the audio playback device. In addition, the described techniques may decrease latency compared to other adaptive power control mechanisms and improve IoT compatibility performance (e.g., where some IoT devices may have unstable receive performance) .
[0031] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then described in the context of acknowledgment feedback timelines, adaptive power control timelines, packet-based power control timelines, flow diagrams, and process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback.
[0032] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0033] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0034] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 or network entities 105, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0035] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0036] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via a core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) , one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0037] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0038] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0039] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165, or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0040] In wireless communications systems (e.g., wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140) . The one or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120) . IAB nodes 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by DUs 165 of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of an IAB node 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB nodes 104 may include DUs 165 that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB nodes 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0041] For instance, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communications between access nodes (e.g., an IAB donor) , IAB nodes 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130) . That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170) , in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link) . IAB donor and IAB nodes 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., an F1 AP protocol) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs 160 (e.g., a CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link.
[0042] An IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhauling capabilities) . A DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards child nodes associated with the IAB node 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards parent nodes associated with the IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node in communication with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for UEs through one or more other IAB nodes 104) . Additionally, or alternatively, an IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or a child node to other IAB nodes 104, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. Therefore, the IAB-MT entity of IAB nodes 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from a parent IAB node 104, and the DU interface (e.g., DUs 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node 104 to signal to a child IAB node 104 or UE 115.
[0043] For example, IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node that supports communications for a child IAB node, or referred to as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired or wireless connection (e.g., a backhaul communication link 120) to the core network 130 and may act as parent node to IAB nodes 104. For example, the DU 165 of IAB donor may relay transmissions to UEs 115 through IAB nodes 104, or may directly signal transmissions to a UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of IAB donor may signal communication link establishment via an F1 interface to IAB nodes 104, and the IAB nodes 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions to the UEs 115 relayed from the IAB donor) through the DUs 165. That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB nodes 104 via signaling via an NR Uu interface to MT of the IAB node 104. Communications with IAB node 104 may be scheduled by a DU 165 of IAB donor and communications with IAB node 104 may be scheduled by DU 165 of IAB node 104.
[0044] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., IAB nodes 104, DUs 165, CUs 160, RUs 170, RIC 175, SMO 180) .
[0045] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.
[0046] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0047] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., an access link) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105) .
[0048] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN) ) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different radio access technology) .
[0049] The communication links 125 shown in the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .
[0050] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) . Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.
[0051] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0052] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0053] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0054] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0055] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.
[0056] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, the overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.
[0057] The wireless communications system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 may, in some examples, not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.
[0058] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0059] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently) . In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
[0060] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0061] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0062] In some systems, a D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115) . In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entities 105, base stations 140, RUs 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or with both.
[0063] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0064] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0065] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0066] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0067] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0068] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., a communication link 125, a D2D communication link 135) . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) . In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
[0069] In some examples, a UE 115 may communicate with an audio playback device 210 via a communication link 125, which may be an example of a Bluetooth link. The audio playback device 210 may include earbuds, headphones, and the like. The wireless communications system 100 may support techniques for determining when to increase a transmit power associated with audio transmissions based on acknowledgment feedback and predicted interference (e.g., predicted audio quality degradation instances) such that a UE 115 and the audio playback device 210 may avoid the predicted interference. The UE 115 may monitor for reception of feedback (e.g., ACK, NACK, or no ACK feedback) associated with audio packet transmissions during a no ACK / NACK duration (e.g., an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration) of an evaluation period. The evaluation period may be a duration of time during which the UE 115 may transmit audio packets and monitor for corresponding feedback from the audio playback device 210. The no ACK / NACK duration may be shorter in time than the evaluation period, and may occur in time before some predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., a glitch point) .
[0070] The UE may increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on receiving a NACK or failing to receive an ACK during the no ACK / NACK duration. The transmit power increase may occur during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, which may be subsequent to the no ACK / NACK duration and shorter in time than the evaluation period. The UE 115 may transmit the audio packets to the audio playback device 210 in accordance using the increased transmit power. In some implementations, after the power-up duration, the UE 115 may continue to transmit audio packets using the increased transmit power if the total duration of increased power in the evaluation period is greater than a power duration threshold.
[0071] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communications system 200 and a wireless communications system 201 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communications systems 200 and 201 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 may include a UE 115-a and an audio playback device 210-a, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. The wireless communications system 201 may include a UE 115-b and an audio playback device 210-b, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. The audio playback devices 210 may be examples of earbuds, headphones, or other wireless devices. The wireless communications systems 200 and 201 may support Bluetooth communications between the UEs 115 and the audio playback devices 210 via communication links 205, which may be examples of a communication link 125 (e.g., a Bluetooth link) as described herein with reference to FIG. 1.
[0072] In the wireless communications system 200, the UE 115-a may transmit audio packets 215-a to the audio playback device 210-a. The audio packet transmission may include A2DP streaming. In some examples, the audio playback device 210-a may experience high interference levels such as 2.4 GHz full-band interference, while the UE 115-a may experience relatively low levels of interference. In such cases, the UE 115-a and the audio playback device 210-a may have a good link quality (e.g., a strong link received signal strength indication (RSSI) ) , however the hardware designs of the UE 115-a and the audio playback device 210-a may impact interference levels. For example, the hardware design of the UE 115-a may be such that the UE 115-a is better equipped to insulate itself from external interference than the audio playback device 210-a, and thus, the interference is lower at the UE 115-a than the audio playback device 210-a. In some implementations, the audio playback device 210-a may experience the higher full-band interference if it has a shorter distance to the interference source (e.g., other audio playback devices) than the UE 115-a. In addition, interference information at the UE 115-a may not be useful in determining how to avoid the interference (e.g., by increasing transmit power) because the interference strength at the UE 115-a may be too low. That is, the audio playback device 210-a may be impacted by the interference more easily than the UE 115-a, however, may lack the ability to determine whether to increase the transmit power of audio packets 215-a.
[0073] Alternatively, in the wireless communications system 201, the UE 115-b may transmit audio packets 215-b (including A2DP streaming) to the audio playback device 210-b. In some cases, the audio playback device 210-b may experience short-duration strong interference (e.g., during A2DP streaming) , which may introduce an increase in NACK feedback associated with the audio packet transmissions and an increase in audio glitches. For example, degraded A2DP streaming quality may occur if the ability of the audio playback device 210-b to receive the audio packets 215-b is reduced because the UE’s transmit power is too low (e.g., where the audio playback device 210-b is sensitive to the UE’s transmit power) . In such cases, the UE 115-b may monitor for acknowledgment feedback 220-b related to the audio packet transmission for a period of time. The UE 115-b may determine a NACK rate (e.g., how many NACKs the UE 115-b receives during the period of time) and determine to increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmissions during a subsequent period of time based on the NACK rate. However, if the subsequent period of time aligns with the short-duration strong interference, then the increased transmit power may fail to improve the quality and success of the audio packet transmissions. In addition, such adaptive power control methods may be based on periodic evaluation, which may be associated with a large latency.
[0074] To improve audio quality and reduce the impact of interference on the UEs 115 and the audio playback devices 210, the wireless communications systems 200 and 201 may support transmit power increases based on acknowledgment feedback 220. For example, when transmitting new audio packets 215 (e.g., transferring new A2DP packets) the UE 115-a in the wireless communications system 200 and the UE 115-b in the wireless communications system 201 may calculate a possible audio quality degradation instance (e.g., audio choppy point or glitch point) in the future. The possible audio quality degradation instance may be associated with the full-band interference in the wireless communications system 200 or the short-duration strong interference in the wireless communications system 201.
[0075] The UE 115-a may monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback 220-a and the UE 115-b may monitor for reception of the acknowledgment feedback 220-b associated with the transmission of the corresponding audio packets 215 during a no ACK / NACK duration (e.g., an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration) of an evaluation period. The no ACK / NACK duration may occur temporally before the possible audio quality degradation instance. If the corresponding UE 115 fails to receive an ACK (e.g., receives a NACK or receives no acknowledgment feedback 220) during the no ACK / NACK duration, then the UE 115 may increase the transmit power associated with the transmission of the audio packets 215. That is, if an audio packet is not positively acknowledged for a duration of time (e.g., the no ACK / NACK duration, if there are 20 ms left until the predicted audio quality degradation instance) , the UEs 115 may increase the transmit power to a maximum transmit power for transmission of subsequent audio packets. The UEs may maintain this temporary increase in transmit power for some duration of time (e.g., Temp_PowerUpDuration) . The UEs 115 may transmit the audio packets 215 in accordance using the increased transmit power. The transmit power increase based on the acknowledgment feedback 220 is described herein with reference to FIG. 5.
[0076] In some implementations, after the power-up duration, the UE may continue to transmit audio packets using the increased transmit power if the total duration of increased power in the evaluation period is greater than a power duration threshold. That is, if the overall power up duration (e.g., Temp_PowerUpDuration) exceeds a threshold power (e.g., PowerUp_TH) , then the UEs 115 may apply the maximum transmit power for a subsequent evaluation period.
[0077] FIG. 3 shows an example of an acknowledgment feedback timeline 300 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the acknowledgment feedback timeline 300 may implement aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201. For example, the acknowledgment feedback timeline 300 may correspond to the wireless communications system 200, where an audio playback device may be impacted by full-band interference.
[0078] A UE 115 may transmit audio packets to an audio playback device (e.g., earbuds, headphones) at a transmit power 325-a. In some examples, the UE 115-a may predict an audio quality degradation instance 320-a and the audio quality degradation instance 320-b at some future times. The UE 115 may monitor for acknowledgment feedback associated with the audio packet transmissions during an evaluation period 315. The evaluation period 315 may be a preconfigured duration of time during which the UE 115 may monitor for the acknowledgment feedback to determine whether the UE 115 transmitted the audio packets with a high enough transmit power.
[0079] The UE 115 may receive no ACK feedback 305 or ACK feedback 310 (e.g., a positive acknowledgment) during the evaluation period 315. For example, the UE 115 may receive no ACK feedback 305-a and no ACK feedback 305-b during the evaluation period 315 and prior to the predicted audio quality degradation instance 320-a. The UE 115 may continue receiving no ACK feedback 305 after the predicted audio quality degradation instance 320-a (including the no ACK feedback 305-c and the no ACK feedback 305-d) . The no ACK feedback 305 may correspond to audio packets transmitted at a relatively low transmit power (e.g., a transmit power 325-a compared to a transmit power 325-b, which is relatively higher) . In some examples, the UE 115 may receive the no ACK feedback 305 from the audio playback device because the transmit power is too low for the audio playback device to sufficiently receive the audio packets.
[0080] The audio playback device may be unable to determine that a transmit power increase is needed for the UE 115 to receive ACK feedback 310. In addition, as the UE 115 may experience less interference than the audio playback device, the UE 115 may refrain from increasing the transmit power. The UE 115 may receive the ACK feedback 310-a at the transmit power 325-a, or the UE 115 may fail to receive any ACK feedback 310 during the evaluation period 315. During a next evaluation period (e.g., subsequent to the evaluation period 315) , the UE 115 may again transmit the audio packets at the transmit power 325-a. With no change in transmit power, the UE 115 may again receive no ACK feedback 305-e and no ACK feedback 305-f prior to a predicted audio quality degradation instance 320-b, no ACK feedback 305-g and no ACK feedback 305-h after the predicted audio quality degradation instance 320-b, and in some examples, ACK feedback 310-b.
[0081] To increase the transmit power and limit the impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instances 320 on the audio playback device, the UE 115 and the audio playback device may support transmit power control increases based on the acknowledgment feedback received at the UE 115, as described herein with reference to FIG. 5.
[0082] FIG. 4 shows an example of an adaptive power control timeline 400 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the adaptive power control timeline 400 may implement aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201. For example, the adaptive power control timeline 400 may correspond to the wireless communications system 201, where an audio playback device may be impacted by short-duration strong interference.
[0083] A UE 115 may transmit audio packets to an audio playback device (e.g., earbuds, headphones) at a transmit power 425-a. The UE 115-a may monitor for acknowledgment feedback associated with the audio packet transmissions during an evaluation period 415. The evaluation period 415 may be a preconfigured duration of time during which the UE 115 may monitor for the acknowledgment feedback to determine whether the UE 115 transmitted the audio packets with a high enough transmit power.
[0084] The UE 115 may receive ACK feedback 410 (e.g., positive acknowledgment feedback) prior to an interference duration 430, including ACK feedback 410-a and ACK feedback 410-b. The UE 115 may predict an audio quality degradation instance 420 that may occur during the interference duration 430, where the interference duration 430 may begin at some point during the evaluation period 415. The interference duration 430 may correspond to short-duration strong interference, which may impact audio quality at the audio playback device. During the interference duration 430, the UE 115 may receive no ACK / NACK feedback 405 (e.g., no ACK feedback corresponding to a lack of ACK feedback 410) including no ACK / NACK feedback 405-a and no ACK / NACK feedback 405-b prior to the predicted audio quality degradation instance 420. In some examples, the UE 115 may receive no ACK / NACK feedback 405-c after the predicted audio quality degradation instance 420.
[0085] After the evaluation period 415 and still during the interference duration 430, the UE 115 may determine to increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmissions. For example, the UE 115 may transmit new audio packets (during a new evaluation period subsequent to the evaluation period 415) with a transmit power 425-b, which may be relatively higher than the transmit power 425-a. The UE 115 may receive ACK feedback 410-c associated with the audio packets transmitted at the transmit power 425-a. As such, this increased transmit power may be applied after the predicted audio quality degradation instance 420 and therefore, may not reduce the impact of the interference duration 430 on the audio playback device.
[0086] To limit the impact of the interference duration 430 on the audio playback device, the UE 115 and the audio playback device may support transmit power control increases based on the acknowledgment feedback received at the UE 115, which is described herein with reference to FIG. 5.
[0087] FIG. 5 shows an example of a packet-based power control timeline 500 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the packet-based power control timeline 500 may implement aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, and 201. For example, the packet-based power control timeline 500 may enable a UE 115 to increase a transmit power based on acknowledgment feedback associated with transmitted audio packets to reduce the impact of predicted audio quality degradation on an audio playback device in communication with the UE 115 via Bluetooth.
[0088] During an evaluation period 515, the UE 115 may transmit audio packets to the audio playback device (e.g., earbuds, headphones) at a transmit power 525-a. The evaluation period 515 may be a preconfigured duration of time during which the UE 115 may monitor for the acknowledgment feedback to determine whether the UE 115 transmitted the audio packets with a high enough transmit power. In some implementations, prior to the beginning of a no ACK / NACK duration 530-a (e.g., an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration) of the evaluation period 515, the UE 115 may predict a timing of a predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a (e.g., a glitch point) . For example, the UE 115 may predict that the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a may occur in the future during a power-up duration 535-a. The predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a may correspond to some interference (e.g., full-band interference, short-duration strong interference) that may impact the quality of audio packets received at the audio playback device.
[0089] In some examples, the UE 115 may predict the audio quality degradation instances 520 using a prediction algorithm that is based on a remote buffer. For example, the UE 115 may obtain an estimated remote audio buffer size from available audio link information. The UE 115 may use a factor (e.g., RemoteWatermark, which may be considered as a duration a remote device may use without audio quality degradation) to simulate a remote filled buffer size and may dynamically change the factor by packet transfer status. For example, when a time T has elapsed, the factor may decrease by T. In another example, when the audio playback device (e.g., a remote device) acknowledges an audio packet (e.g., an A2DP packet) , the factor may increase by a media packet duration. The UE 115 may predict or expect audio quality degradation instance 520 (e.g., a glitch) when the factor is equal to zero. At any given time, the UE 115 may predict an audio quality degradation instance 520 in the future with a current value of the factor.
[0090] The UE 115 may monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback associated with the audio packet transmissions during the no ACK / NACK duration 530-a of the evaluation period 515. The no ACK / NACK duration 530-a may occur before the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a in time and may be shorter in duration than the evaluation period 515. In some examples, the UE 115 may monitor for reception of the acknowledgment feedback based on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a. The acknowledgment feedback may include no ACK / NACK feedback 505 (e.g., where the no ACK feedback corresponds to the UE 115 not receiving any positive acknowledgment feedback) and ACK feedback 510 (e.g., positive acknowledgment feedback) . Prior to the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a and during the no ACK / NACK duration 530-a, the UE 115 may receive no ACK / NACK feedback 505-a and no ACK / NACK feedback 505-b corresponding to audio packets transmitted at the transmit power 525-a. The no ACK / NACK feedback 505 may indicate that the transmit power 525-a was too low for the audio playback device to receive the audio packet transmissions.
[0091] Based on the lack of reception of ACK feedback 510 during the no ACK / NACK duration 530-a, the UE 115 may increase the transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission. For example, the UE 115 may increase the transmit power from the transmit power 525-a (e.g., PL10) to a transmit power 525-b (e.g., PL11) . The transmit power 525-b may correspond to a maximum transmit power. The UE 115 may increase the transmit power during a power-up duration 535-a (e.g., a power-up retain duration) , where the power-up duration 535-a may follow the no ACK / NACK duration 530-a in time (e.g., temporally) and may be shorter in duration than the evaluation period 515. That is, the no ACK / NACK duration 530-a and the power-up duration 535-a may occur during the evaluation period 515.
[0092] The UE 115 may transmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the transmit power 525-b. As a result, the UE 115 may receive ACK feedback 510-a and ACK feedback 510-b during the power-up duration 535-a. That is, the audio playback device may successfully receive the audio packets transmitted with the transmit power 525-b as the transmission of the audio packets using the increased transmit power may reduce the impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-a on the audio playback device’s reception of the one or more audio packets (e.g., the previous possible glitch point may be avoided) .
[0093] At the end of the power-up duration 535-a, the UE 115 may compare a total duration of time that the UE 115 spent using the increased transmit power within the evaluation period 515 (e.g., a total or overall power-up duration, including the power-up duration 535-a and a power-up duration 535-b) with a power-up duration threshold (e.g., PowerUp_TH) . If the overall power-up duration is greater than (e.g., satisfies) the power-up duration threshold, then the UE 115 may continue to use the transmit power 525-b for transmission of future audio packets. In such cases, the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the transmit power 525-b if the future audio packets are ready for transmission while the UE 115 is maintaining the transmit power. That is, if the future audio packets are ready for transmission during the power-up duration 535-a, the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the transmit power 525-b. Alternatively, the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the transmit power 525-b if the future audio packets are ready for transmission within a threshold time of a predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-b, which the UE 115 may predict to occur within a power-up duration 535-b. That is, if the future audio packets are ready for transmission after the power-up duration 535-a (e.g., during a subsequent no ACK / NACK duration 530-b) but near the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-b, then the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the transmit power 525-b. In some examples, based on the overall power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold, the UE 115 may transmit future audio packets using the increased transmit power and receive corresponding ACK feedback 510-e and ACK feedback 510-f during a future evaluation period subsequent to the evaluation period 515.
[0094] Alternatively, if the overall power-up duration is less than (e.g., fails to satisfy) the power-up duration threshold, then the UE 115 may use the transmit power 525-a for transmission of future audio packets. That is, the UE 115 may return to the transmit power 525-a (e.g., a transmit power that is less than the increased power) for transmission of the future audio packets based on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold. In such cases, the UE 115 may receive no ACK / NACK feedback 505-c and no ACK / NACK feedback 505-d during the no ACK / NACK duration 530-b because the transmit power 525-a may be too low for the audio playback device to receive the audio packets. Based on a lack of receiving ACK feedback 510 during the no ACK / NACK duration 530-b, the UE 115 may again increase the transmit power and transmit audio packets using the transmit power 525-b during the power-up duration 535-b. The UE 115 may receive ACK feedback 510-c and ACK feedback 510-d as the predicted audio quality degradation instance 520-b may be avoided due to the increased transmit power.
[0095] FIG. 6 shows an example of a flow diagram 600 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The flow diagram 600 may implement aspects of wireless communications systems 100, 200, 201, and the packet-based power control timeline 500, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, 201, and the packet-based power control timeline 500. The flow diagram 600 may illustrate operations by a UE 115, which may be an example of corresponding devices described herein. In the following description of the flow diagram 600, the operations may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the flow diagram 600, and other operations may be added to the flow diagram 600. The flow diagram 600 may depict the UE 115 adjusting a transmit power based on acknowledgment feedback corresponding to audio packet transmissions.
[0096] At 605, the UE 115 may monitor for acknowledgment feedback (e.g., no ACK, NACK, or ACK feedback) to determine whether the UE 115 is transmitting audio packets with a high enough transmit power during an evaluation period. As described herein with reference to FIG. 5, the UE 115 may monitor for reception of the acknowledgment feedback during a no ACK / NACK duration of the evaluation period. The no ACK / NACK duration may occur temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., glitch point) . Based on receiving no ACK or NACK feedback (e.g., based on a lack of receiving ACK feedback) , the UE 115 may increase the transmit power associated with transmission of the audio packets. The transmit power increase may occur during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, where the power-up duration may temporally follow the no ACK / NACK duration.
[0097] At 610, at the end of the power-up duration of the evaluation period, the UE 115 may compare a total duration of time that the UE 115 spent using the increased transmit power within the evaluation period (e.g., a total or overall power-up duration) with a power-up duration threshold (e.g., PowerUp_TH) .
[0098] At 615, if the overall power-up duration is less than (e.g., fails to satisfy) the power-up duration threshold, then the UE 115 may return to using a transmit power that is lower than the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets. The lower transmit power may be based on statistics or may be the transmit power originally used during the evaluation period.
[0099] At 620, the UE 115 may transmit future audio packets (e.g., A2DP packets) using the lower transmit power. The future audio packets may be transmitted in a future evaluation period subsequent to the original evaluation period at 605.
[0100] Alternatively, at 625, if the overall power-up duration is greater than (e.g., satisfies) the power-up duration threshold, then the UE 115 may continue to use the increased transmit power (e.g., a maximum power) for transmission of future audio packets.
[0101] At 630, the UE 115 may transmit future audio packets (e.g., A2DP packets) using the increased transmit power. The future audio packets may be transmitted in a future evaluation period subsequent to the original evaluation period at 605. As such, the UE 115 may apply the increased transmit power to the subsequent evaluation period.
[0102] At 635, after the power-up duration, the UE 115 may determine whether to transmit new audio packets (e.g., A2DP) packets that are ready for transmission using the original transmit power or the increased transmit power.
[0103] At 640, the UE 115 may determine whether the future audio packets (e.g., new A2DP packets) are ready for transmission during the power-up duration when the UE 115 is maintaining the increased transmit power.
[0104] At 645, the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the increased transmit power (e.g., a maximum transmit power) based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the UE 115 is maintaining the increased transmit power during the power-up duration.
[0105] At 650, if the future audio packets are not ready for transmission while the UE 115 is maintaining the increased transmit power during the power-up duration, the UE 115 may determine whether the future audio packets are near a future predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., ready for transmission within a threshold time of the future predicted audio quality degradation instance) .
[0106] At 655, if the future audio packets are not near the future predicted audio quality degradation instance or not ready for transmission within a threshold time of the future predicted audio quality degradation instance, then the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using a transmit power determined during the evaluation period (e.g., the original transmit power that is lower than the increased transmit power) . Alternatively, if the future audio packets are near the future predicted audio quality degradation instance or ready for transmission within a threshold time of the future predicted audio quality degradation instance, then the UE 115 may transmit the future audio packets using the increased transmit power as at 645.
[0107] FIG. 7 shows an example of a process flow 700 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 700 may implement aspects of wireless communications systems 100, 200, 201, and the packet-based power control timeline 500, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100, 200, 201, and the packet-based power control timeline 500. For example, the process flow 700 may illustrate operations between a UE 115-c and an audio playback device 705, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. In the following description of the process flow 700, the operations between the UE 115-c and the audio playback device 705 may be transmitted in a different order than the example order shown, or the operations performed by the UE 115-c and the audio playback device 705 may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 700, and other operations may be added to the process flow 700.
[0108] At 710, the UE 115-c may transmit, to the audio playback device 705 (e.g., earbuds, headphones) , an audio packet transmission including one or more audio packets. The audio packet transmission may include A2DP streaming.
[0109] At 715, the UE 115-c may monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to the audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration (e.g., a no ACK / NACK duration) of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance (e.g., a glitch point) and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The acknowledgment feedback may include no ACK feedback (e.g., a lack of positive acknowledgment feedback) , NACK feedback, or ACK feedback. The predicted audio quality degradation instance may correspond to interference that may impact the quality of audio received at the audio playback device 705. In addition, the UE 115-c may predict a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance prior to monitoring for the reception of the acknowledgment feedback at 715.
[0110] At 720, the UE 115-c may receive acknowledgment feedback from the audio playback device 705 during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, the acknowledgment feedback pertaining to the audio packet transmission. The acknowledgment feedback may include no ACK or NACK feedback (e.g., a lack of positive acknowledgment feedback) .
[0111] At 725, the UE 115-c may increase a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration. The UE 115-c may increase the transmit power during a power-up duration (e.g., a power-up retain duration) of the evaluation period, where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The increased transmit power may be a maximum transmit power.
[0112] At 730, the UE 115-c may transmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power. In some examples, the increased transmit power may avoid the predicted audio quality degradation instance such that the audio playback device 705 may receive the audio packets and respond with positive acknowledgment feedback.
[0113] At 735, the UE 115-c may compare, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold. The total (e.g., overall) power-up duration may include the total amount of time the UE 115 uses the increased transmit power during the evaluation period.
[0114] At 740, based on the total power-up duration satisfying (e.g., being greater than) the power-up duration threshold, the UE 115-c may maintain the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission. In some examples, the UE 115-c may transmit the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained (e.g., during the power-up duration) or within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0115] At 745, based on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy (e.g., being less than) the power-up duration threshold, the UE 115-c may return to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power for transmission of the future audio packets of the audio packet transmission. The transmit power may be the original transmit power used in the evaluation period.
[0116] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, and the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0117] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0118] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0119] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0120] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , a central processing unit (CPU) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0121] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0122] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0123] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0124] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback, which may reduce latency, improve audio quality, improve device compatibility, and increase anti-interference ability of wireless devices.
[0125] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, and the communications manager 920) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0126] The receiver 910 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0127] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback) . In some examples, the transmitter 915 may be co-located with a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0128] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a feedback monitoring component 925, a transmit power component 930, an audio packet component 935, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0129] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The feedback monitoring component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The transmit power component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The audio packet component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0130] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a feedback monitoring component 1025, a transmit power component 1030, an audio packet component 1035, a comparison component 1040, a transmit power maintenance component 1045, an audio quality prediction component 1050, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0131] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The feedback monitoring component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The transmit power component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The audio packet component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0132] In some examples, the comparison component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold. In some examples, the transmit power maintenance component 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for maintaining the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold.
[0133] In some examples, the audio packet component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained.
[0134] In some examples, the audio packet component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0135] In some examples, the comparison component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold. In some examples, the transmit power component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for returning, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power based on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold.
[0136] In some examples, transmission of the one or more audio packets using the increased transmit power reduces an impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance on reception of the one or more audio packets.
[0137] In some examples, the audio quality prediction component 1050 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for predicting a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance, where the predicting occurs before the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, and where monitoring for reception of the acknowledgment feedback is based on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0138] In some examples, the one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission are transmitted to an audio playback device in communication with the UE via Bluetooth.
[0139] In some examples, the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration includes the UE receiving negative acknowledgment feedback or not receiving any acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration.
[0140] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include the components of a device 805, a device 905, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1105 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 1105 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145) .
[0141] The I / O controller 1110 may manage input and output signals for the device 1105. The I / O controller 1110 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1105. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.
[0142] In some cases, the device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some other cases, the device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1115 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1125, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1115 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1125. The transceiver 1115, or the transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of a transmitter 815, a transmitter 915, a receiver 810, a receiver 910, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0143] The at least one memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The at least one memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1140, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1140 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1130 may contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0144] The at least one processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1140. The at least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback) . For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1140, the at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1130) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to”may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1130 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0145] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0146] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback, which may reduce latency, improve audio quality, improve device compatibility, and increase anti-interference ability of wireless devices.
[0147] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1115, the one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1140, the at least one memory 1130, the code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1135 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback as described herein, or the at least one processor 1140 and the at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0148] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0149] At 1205, the method may include monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a feedback monitoring component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0150] At 1210, the method may include increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a transmit power component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0151] At 1215, the method may include transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by an audio packet component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0152] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0153] At 1305, the method may include monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a feedback monitoring component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0154] At 1310, the method may include increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a transmit power component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0155] At 1315, the method may include transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by an audio packet component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0156] At 1320, the method may include comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a comparison component 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0157] At 1325, the method may include maintaining the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold. The operations of 1325 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1325 may be performed by a transmit power maintenance component 1045 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0158] At 1330, the method may include transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained. The operations of 1330 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1330 may be performed by an audio packet component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0159] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports transmit power control based on acknowledgment feedback in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0160] At 1405, the method may include monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, where the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a feedback monitoring component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0161] At 1410, the method may include increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, where the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and where the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a transmit power component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0162] At 1415, the method may include transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power. The operations of 1415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed by an audio packet component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0163] At 1420, the method may include comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold. The operations of 1420 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed by a comparison component 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0164] At 1425, the method may include returning, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power based on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold. The operations of 1425 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1425 may be performed by a transmit power component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0165] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0166] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising: monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, wherein the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based at least in part on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, wherein the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and wherein the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; and transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
[0167] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; and maintaining the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based at least in part on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold.
[0168] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, further comprising: transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained.
[0169] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 2 through 3, further comprising: transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0170] Aspect 5: The method of claim 1, further comprising: comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; and returning, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power based at least in part on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold.
[0171] Aspect 6: The method of claim 1, wherein transmission of the one or more audio packets using the increased transmit power reduces an impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance on reception of the one or more audio packets.
[0172] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, further comprising: predicting a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance, wherein the predicting occurs before the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, and wherein monitoring for reception of the acknowledgment feedback is based at least in part on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance.
[0173] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein the one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission are transmitted to an audio playback device in communication with the UE via Bluetooth.
[0174] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, wherein the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration comprises the UE receiving negative acknowledgment feedback or not receiving any acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration.
[0175] Aspect 10: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 9.
[0176] Aspect 11: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 9.
[0177] Aspect 12: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 9.
[0178] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0179] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0180] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0181] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0182] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0183] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0184] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0185] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0186] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0187] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.
[0188] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration, ” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0189] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, wherein the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period;increase a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based at least in part on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, wherein the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and wherein the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; andtransmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:compare, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; andmaintain the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based at least in part on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold.3.The UE of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained.4.The UE of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:transmit the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:compare, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; andreturn, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power based at least in part on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein transmission of the one or more audio packets using the increased transmit power reduces an impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance on reception of the one or more audio packets.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to:predict a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance, wherein the predicting occurs before the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, and wherein monitoring for reception of the acknowledgment feedback is based at least in part on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance.8.The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission are transmitted to an audio playback device in communication with the UE via Bluetooth.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration comprises the UE receiving negative acknowledgment feedback or not receiving any acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration.10.A method for wireless communications at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, wherein the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period;increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based at least in part on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, wherein the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and wherein the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; andtransmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.11.The method of claim 10, further comprising:comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; andmaintaining the increased transmit power for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission based at least in part on the total power-up duration satisfying the power-up duration threshold.12.The method of claim 11, further comprising:transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission while the increased transmit power is maintained.13.The method of claim 11, further comprising:transmitting the future audio packets in accordance with the increased transmit power based at least in part on the future audio packets being ready for transmission within a threshold time of a second predicted audio quality degradation instance.14.The method of claim 10, further comprising:comparing, at an end of the power-up duration, a total power-up duration within the evaluation period with a power-up duration threshold; andreturning, for transmission of future audio packets of the audio packet transmission, to a transmit power that is less than the increased transmit power based at least in part on the total power-up duration failing to satisfy the power-up duration threshold.15.The method of claim 10, wherein transmission of the one or more audio packets using the increased transmit power reduces an impact of the predicted audio quality degradation instance on reception of the one or more audio packets.16.The method of claim 10, further comprising:predicting a timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance, wherein the predicting occurs before the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, and wherein monitoring for reception of the acknowledgment feedback is based at least in part on the timing of the predicted audio quality degradation instance.17.The method of claim 10, wherein the one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission are transmitted to an audio playback device in communication with the UE via Bluetooth.18.The method of claim 10, wherein the lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration comprises the UE receiving negative acknowledgment feedback or not receiving any acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration.19.A user equipment (UE) for wireless communications, comprising:means for monitoring for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, wherein the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period;means for increasing a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based at least in part on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, wherein the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and wherein the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; andmeans for transmitting one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.20.A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to:monitor for reception of acknowledgment feedback pertaining to audio packet transmission during an acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration of an evaluation period, wherein the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration is temporally before a predicted audio quality degradation instance and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period;increase a transmit power associated with the audio packet transmission based at least in part on a lack of reception of positive acknowledgment feedback during the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration, wherein the transmit power is increased during a power-up duration of the evaluation period, and wherein the power-up duration temporally follows the acknowledgment feedback monitoring duration and is shorter in duration than the evaluation period; andtransmit one or more audio packets of the audio packet transmission in accordance with the increased transmit power.
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