Terminal and communication method

Abstract

This terminal includes: a control unit that generates a discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal by executing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping; and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal. The control unit calculates a transport block size on the basis of a parameter related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

Description

Terminal and communication method

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal and a communication method in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The 3GPP (registered trademark) (3rd Generation Partnership Project) is currently studying a wireless communication method called 5G or NR (New Radio) (hereinafter, this wireless communication method will be referred to as "NR") in order to achieve a larger system capacity, a higher data transmission speed, and a lower latency in wireless sections. In 5G, various wireless technologies and network architectures are being studied to meet the requirements of achieving a throughput of 10 Gbps or more while reducing the latency in wireless sections to 1 ms or less (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).

[0003] Furthermore, various requirements are being considered for the next generation, 6G, such as ultra broadband communication, mission critical communication, ultra massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, and ubiquitous sensing.

[0004] To achieve these requirements, new concepts include extensibility (e.g., making it more future-proof), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., making it easier to operate), and sustainability (e.g., reducing costs, having a more robust configuration, and being resilient). Also, guaranteed communication, which always guarantees a minimum level of performance, is being considered.

[0005] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.6.0 (2023-09)3GPP TS 38.401 V17.6.0 (2023-09)3GPP TS 38.211 V17.6.0 (2023-09)3GPP TS 38.214 V17.7.0 (2023-09)

[0006] Next-generation wireless communication systems are required to reduce, for example, out-of-band emission (OOBE), peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and spectral efficiency (SE), etc. While satisfying these requirements, it is also necessary to avoid increasing the complexity of the transmitter.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to prevent an increase in the complexity of a transmitter in a wireless communication system.

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, a terminal is provided which includes a control unit that generates a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier transform - spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal by performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping, and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal, wherein the control unit calculates a transport block size based on parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0009] According to the disclosed technique, it is possible to avoid increasing the complexity of a transmitter in a wireless communication system.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a precoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a base station 10 or a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a vehicle 2001 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0012] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technology is used as appropriate. However, the existing technology is, for example, the existing LTE, but is not limited to the existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems subsequent to LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR), unless otherwise specified.

[0013] In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, terms such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) used in existing LTE are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be called by other names. In addition, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even if a signal is used in NR, it is not necessarily stated as "NR-".

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0015] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" radio parameters etc. may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 are set.

[0016] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20. Although Fig. 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, this is an example, and there may be a plurality of each.

[0017] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the terminal 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks. The base station 10 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the terminal 20. The synchronization signal is, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. The system information is, for example, transmitted via NR-PBCH and is also referred to as broadcast information. The synchronization signal and system information may also be referred to as SSB (SS / PBCH block). As shown in FIG. 1 , the base station 10 transmits control signals or data to the terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from the terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals by performing beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can apply MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via a secondary cell (SCell: Secondary Cell) and a primary cell (PCell: Primary Cell) using CA (Carrier Aggregation). Furthermore, the terminal 20 may communicate via a primary cell of the base station 10 and a primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell: Primary SCG Cell) of another base station 10 using DC (Dual Connectivity).

[0018] The terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with a wireless communication function, such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal, or an M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in Fig. 1, the terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. The terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and measures propagation path quality based on the reception results of the reference signals.

[0019] Furthermore, various requirements are being considered for the next generation, 6G, such as ultra broadband communication, mission critical communication, ultra massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, ubiquitous sensing, and the like.

[0020] Furthermore, the requirements may be ultra-high speed communication, large capacity communication, ultra-extended coverage, ultra-low power consumption, low cost, ultra-low latency, ultra-reliable communication, ultra-multiple connections and sensing, etc.

[0021] To achieve these requirements, new concepts include extensibility (e.g., making it more future-proof), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., making it easier to operate), and sustainability (e.g., reducing costs, having a more robust configuration, and being resilient). Also, guaranteed communication, which always guarantees a minimum level of performance, is being considered.

[0022] Here, two important KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) in waveform design are SE (Spectral efficiency) and PE (Power efficiency). 5G NR adopts multi-carrier CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) with high SE as the core waveform, and supports single-carrier DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) with high PE when uplink coverage is limited. That is, CP-OFDM is supported in DL, and CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM are supported in UL.

[0023] 2 is a diagram showing an example of a transmitter. As shown in FIG. 2, in the NR transmitter, DFT spreading, subcarrier mapping, IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform), and CP insertion (Cyclic Prefix Insertion) are performed in this order. Note that DFT spreading may be applied only to the UL.

[0024] When CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM are compared, in order to achieve the same throughput, DFT-s-OFDM requires an SNR that is, for example, about 0.5 dB to 2.5 dB higher than that of CP-OFDM.

[0025] When CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM are compared, DFT-s-OFDM has a PAPR gain of, for example, about 2.6 dB to 4.6 dB compared to CP-OFDM at the same modulation order.

[0026] The 6G system design using higher frequencies with larger bandwidths is constrained to achieve four KPIs: PA (Power amplifier) ​​nonlinearity, high SE, high PE, and low OOBE. Therefore, high flexibility should be considered in waveform design.

[0027] For example, in CP-OFDM, high PAPR is expected to cause signal distortion and degrade performance. If additional PAPR reduction techniques are introduced, the complexity of the CP-OFDM transmitter increases and additional side information needs to be transmitted.

[0028] Examples of PAPR reduction techniques for CP-OFDM include clipping and filtering, which repeats clipping and filtering a predetermined number of times between IFFT and CP insertion. Selective mapping also exists, which takes multiple phase sequences as input, selects the one with the lowest PAPR, and inputs it to CP insertion and transmits side information.

[0029] For example, DFT-s-OFDM was adopted for UL in 4G and 5G due to its advantage of achieving low PAPR, and is therefore expected to be a candidate for 6G waveform design.

[0030] For example, to improve the performance of DFT-s-OFDM, KPIs such as improved SE, reduced PAPR, reduced OOBE, and reduced complexity may be set.

[0031] 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transmitter, which shows an example of the configuration of a transmitter that enhances DFT-s-OFDM.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, CP DFT-s-OFDM has CP insertion at the transmitter. In the symbol structure, CP is added outside the FFT samples.

[0033] As shown in Fig. 3, NCP (Null CP) DFT-s-OFDM inputs zeros to the M-point DFT. In the symbol structure, CP is included in the FFT samples and replaced with zeros.

[0034] As shown in Fig. 3, UW (Unique word) DFT-s-OFDM inputs UW to M-point DFT. In the symbol structure, CP is included in the FFT samples and replaced with zeros.

[0035] As shown in Figure 3, NCP or UW DFT-s-OFDM with FDSS (Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping) inputs zero or UW into M-point DFT and applies FDSS. In the symbol structure, CP is included in the FFT samples and replaced with zero or UW. FDSS is added after DFT precoding.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3, DFT-s-OFDM FDSS with spectral extension performs spectral extension and FDSS after DFT, and inserts a CP. In the symbol structure, the CP is added outside the FFT samples. The FDSS modifies the time-domain shaping pulse. The spectral extension widens the time-domain symbol interval.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, Unified NOW (uNOW, Unified Non-Orthogonal Waveform) performs DFT after zero insertion, performs data removal, and inserts a CP. In the symbol structure, the CP is added outside the FFT samples. Zero insertion and data removal before and after DFT precoding compress the time domain symbol interval.

[0038] For example, NCP and UW may be used to reduce OOBE. Inserting NCP or UW can ensure the continuity of the time domain signal and reduce OOBE.

[0039] For example, FDSS and FTN (Faster than Nyquist) may be used to reduce PAPR, which can increase correlation of time domain signals and reduce PAPR.

[0040] For example, FTN may be used to improve SE. FTN modulation can increase SE.

[0041] Here, uNOW integrates three technologies, UW, FDSS, and FTN, to simultaneously and flexibly improve three KPIs, SE, PAPR, and OOBE. An overview of uNOW will be described below.

[0042] In the DFT-s-OFDM baseband transmitter architecture, pre-processing and post-processing are performed to achieve FTN compression (α<1) or spectrum expansion (α>1) in the time domain.

[0043] Pre-processing is zero embedding, which is performed before the cM-point DFT. Post-processing is data removal, which is performed after the cM-point DFT, and FDSS may also be performed. α is defined as b / c, where b is a parameter related to zero embedding and c is a parameter related to the number of DFT points.

[0044] The pre-processing module, the zero-padding module, can realize flexible time-domain compression through irregular zero insertion, and the post-processing module, the data removal and / or FDSS module, can realize flexible spectrum expansion through flexible one-sided or two-sided data removal.

[0045] In uNOW, supporting DFT-s-OFDM based on a unified waveform will enable simultaneous improvement in SE, PAPR and OOBE performance.

[0046] Irregular zero insertion can realize flexible FTN compression in the time domain and spectrum expansion. For example, in the quadrature part, １ = 1, and the other parts are set to the FTN compression factor α ２ = b / c<1, and zero padding may be performed. １ = b １ / c<1, and the other part is the spectral expansion factor α ２ = b ２ Zero padding may be performed by setting / c>1.

[0047] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a comparison of modules between a DFT-s-OFDM transmitter and a uNOW transmitter. Table 1 shows a comparison of the complexity between a DFT-s-OFDM transmitter and a uNOW transmitter. As shown in FIG. 4, the uNOW transmitter and the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter have additional pre-processing and post-processing, and the DFT size is different.

[0048]

[0049] The complexity of the uNOW transmitter is higher than that of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter. As shown in Table 1, the increased complexity due to larger DFT size is dominant. For example, in the case of full bandwidth transmission, i.e., 1024-point IFFT and 792-point DFT, the complexity is 1.4 times higher than that of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter when α = 0.75 and 1.8 times higher when α = 1.25.

[0050] The comparison of complexity is performed under the condition that the same SE is achieved. M is the number of subcarriers and may be, for example, 66 RBs. L is the number of symbols and may be, for example, 14 symbols. Q is the modulation order and may be, for example, 4. b is the numerator of the compression factor α and may be, for example, 3 or 5. N is the IFFT size and may be, for example, 1024.

[0051] As mentioned above, the complexity of the uNOW transmitter is greater than that of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter, so there is a need to reduce the complexity of the uNOW transmitter while maintaining performance.

[0052] Therefore, we propose a new transmitter, uNOW-v2. Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the zero-padding, DFT spreading, and data removal modules in the uNOW transmitter are replaced with asymmetric DFT matrices to reduce complexity. Note that FDSS may also be implemented.

[0053] DFT-s-OFDM uses a symmetric DFT matrix of size M. As shown in Figure 5, uNOW-v2 uses a long DFT matrix with M<Q for time domain FTN compression (α<1) and a tall DFT matrix with M>Q for spectral expansion (α>1). When supporting one α per OFDM symbol, the complexity is reduced compared to uNOW.

[0054] uNOW-v2 can achieve the same level of complexity as DFT-s-OFDM. Hereinafter, the conventional uNOW will be referred to as uNOW-v1. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a comparison of modules between a uNOW-v1 transmitter and a uNOW-v2 transmitter. Table 2 shows a comparison of the complexity of a DFT-s-OFDM transmitter with a uNOW-v1 transmitter and a uNOW-v2 transmitter.

[0055]

[0056] As shown in FIG. 6, between the uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2 transmitters, the zero padding, DFT and data removal of uNOW-v1 are replaced with asymmetric DFT.

[0057] As shown in Table 2, when the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter is compared with that of the uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2 transmitters, when the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter is used as the reference, the uNOW-v1 transmitter is 1.4 times more complex and the uNOW-v2 transmitter is 1.0 times more complex when α = 0.75, and the uNOW-v1 transmitter is 1.4 times more complex and the uNOW-v2 transmitter is 1.0 times more complex when α = 1.25. Therefore, it can be seen that the complexity of the DFT-s-OFDM transmitter and the uNOW-v2 transmitter are comparable.

[0058] The comparison of complexity is performed under the condition that the same SE is achieved. M is the number of subcarriers and may be, for example, 66 RBs. L is the number of symbols and may be, for example, 14 symbols. Q is the modulation order and may be, for example, 4. b is the numerator of the compression factor α and may be, for example, 3 or 5. N is the IFFT size and may be, for example, 1024.

[0059] Note that the performance of BLER and PAPR is comparable between uNOW-v1 and uNOW-v2.

[0060] As described above, in 6G waveform design, low PAPR is required for NTN (Non-terrestrial network) and higher frequency bands, such as millimeter wave bands and sub-THz bands. Also, high SE is required when spatial multiplexing and high-order modulation cannot be applied. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the complexity of uNOW transmitters while maintaining low PAPR and high SE.

[0061] 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transmitter. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a transmitter in 5G NR (see Non-Patent Document 3). As shown in FIG. 7, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, transform precoding, antenna port mapping, mapping to virtual resource blocks, and mapping to physical resource blocks are executed in this order. Note that the input vector x and output vector y of transform precoding have the same dimension.

[0062] Action 1) When CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM are supported, a new signal generation method may be applied.

[0063] 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a uNOW-v2 transmitter. Scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping may be performed as described in Non-Patent Document 3.

[0064] The input vector x of Asymmetric Transform Precoding is the output of layer mapping and can be expressed as follows: x(i) = [x （０） (i)...x （ν－１） (i)] Ｔ ,i=0,1,...,N ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ −1 ν is the number of layers, and N ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ is the number of modulation symbols per layer.

[0065] The output vector y of Asymmetric Transform Precoding is the input of antenna port mapping and can be expressed as follows: y(i)=[y （０） (i)...y（ν－１） (i)] Ｔ ,i=0,1,...,M ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ −1 ν is the number of layers, and M ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ is the number of symbols per layer.

[0066] When transform precoding is enabled (see Non-Patent Document 4), and α is set to 1 or is not set by higher layer signaling, i.e., M ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ = N ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ If , symmetric transform precoding is used. That is, legacy DFT-s-OFDM is supported. The signal processing of DFT-s-OFDM may reuse the processing in Chapter 6.3.1.4 of Non-Patent Document 3.

[0067] When transform precoding is enabled (see Non-Patent Document 4), and α is set to be greater than or less than 1 by higher layer signaling, i.e., M ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ ≠N ｓｙｍｂ ｌａｙｅｒ If , asymmetric transform precoding is used, i.e., uNOW is supported. Signal processing for asymmetric transform precoding, as described in operation 1-1) below, is used.

[0068] Note that FDSS may be transparent in terms of specifications. In operation 1-1), FDSS after asymmetric transform precoding is not described.

[0069] Operation 1-1) Asymmetric transform precoding for uNOW may be applied.

[0070] Equation 1 is a mathematical expression showing the process of asymmetric transform precoding.

[0071]

[0072] N ｓｙｍｂis the number of OFDM modulation symbols in the constrained bandwidth before asymmetric transform precoding, and may satisfy: ｓｙｍｂ =2 β２ ・3 β３ ・5 β５ Note that β2, β3, and β5 are non-negative integers.

[0073] N ｓｙｍｂ In order to satisfy the above condition, M ＲＢ The value of α, the numerator b of α, and the denominator c of α may each be limited.

[0074] M ＳＣ indicates the number of subcarriers in the bandwidth of the PUSCH or PDSCH. ＳＣ =M ＲＢ ・N ＳＣ ＲＢ and M ＲＢ indicates the number of resource blocks in the bandwidth of the PUSCH or PDSCH, and N ＳＣ ＲＢ denotes the number of subcarriers per resource block. ＲＢ may satisfy the following: M==2 α２ ・3 α３ ・5 α５ It should be noted that α2, α3, and α5 are non-negative integers.

[0075] α=b / c=M ＳＣ / N ｓｙｍｂ is a time-domain FTN compression or spectral expansion factor, and b and c may satisfy the following: b=2 γ２ ・3 γ３ ・5 γ５ c=2 ρ２ ・3 ρ３ ・5 ρ５ ρ2, ρ3, ρ5, γ2, γ3, and γ5 are non-negative integers and may satisfy the following: ρ2≦α2+2, ρ3≦α3+1, ρ5≦α5

[0076] In addition, N ｓｙｍｂ is a product of a power of 2, a power of 3, and a power of 5; ＲＢ , b and c are N ｓｙｍｂ The definition that is a product of a power of 2, a power of 3, and a power of 5 may be valid only in one of the two cases.

[0077] 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a precoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, when α=1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of asymmetric transform precoding are equal. When α is not 1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of asymmetric transform precoding are different.

[0078] If α>1, the dimension of the output vector is larger than the dimension of the input vector. Asymmetric transform precoding is defined as S-L transform precoding. As shown in FIG. ｓｙｍｂ <M ＳＣ This becomes:

[0079] If α<1, the dimension of the output vector is smaller than the dimension of the input vector. Asymmetric transform precoding is defined as LS transform precoding. As shown in FIG. 9, ｓｙｍｂ >M ＳＣ This becomes:

[0080] New transform precoding methods for DL ​​and / or UL may be predefined in the specification for certain frequencies, certain scenarios, and / or cases signaled to the UE via SIB.

[0081] Action 2) Setting and signaling the size of the transmitted signal may be performed as described below.

[0082] According to Non-Patent Document 4, the formula for calculating TBS is as follows:

[0083] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0084] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0085] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＳＣ ＲＢ is 12, which is the number of subcarriers in one PRB. ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ is the number of PUSCH symbols arranged in a slot. ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is the overhead set by the information element xOverhead in the higher layer parameter PUSCH-ServingCellConfig, and has a value of, for example, 6, 12, or 18. ｏｈ ＰＲＢ If is not set, N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is assumed to be 0.

[0086] Here, if α is not 1, the dimensions of the input vector and the output vector of asymmetric transform precoding are different. That is, the NR calculation method cannot be applied to the calculation method of the number of information bits. NR does not support asymmetric transform precoding. That is, it does not support the setting and notification of the time-domain FTN compression or the spectrum expansion factor α.

[0087] Operation 2-1) The TBS calculation formula may be changed.

[0088] Note that the overhead of the PT-RS of each option in operation 2-1-1) and operation 2-1-2) described below may or may not be considered. If it is not considered, only the aspect related to α may be considered.

[0089] Operation 2-1-1) The time domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α may be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0090] Option 1) PT-RS insertion for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM may be performed in the time domain. That is, PT-RS insertion may be performed before DFT. Note that DM-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM is performed in the frequency domain, i.e., after transform precoding, so the number of REs for DM-RS does not affect asymmetric transform precoding. Note that PT-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM is performed in the time domain, i.e., before transform precoding, so the number of REs for PT-RS affects asymmetric transform precoding, but ＲＥ will be changed.

[0091] Option 1-1) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0092] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) (N ＲＥ ・ν-N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ ) R.Q. ｍ R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of the allocated period and bandwidth in each layer. ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers in which PT-RSs are arranged. The influence of α is ＰＴＲＳ Included in.

[0093] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0094] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -NＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＳＣ ＲＢ is 12, which is the number of subcarriers in one PRB. ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ is the number of PUSCH symbols arranged in a slot. ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0095] Option 1-2) The impact of PT-RS is ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the value of

[0096] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ・ν.

[0097] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs of DM-RS and PT-RS, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ +αN ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of PT-RS samples per PRB in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ / nＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0098] N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0099] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0100] Option 1-2') The impact of PT-RS is N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the value of

[0101] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ・ν.

[0102] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs in the PT-RS, which indicates additional overhead and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ +αNｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ + is the overhead number set by the upper layer. ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0103] N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0104] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0105] Option 1-3) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in a new parameter.

[0106] Option 1-3-1) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0107] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ Nｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -αN ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0108] N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＰＴＲＳ ' / n ＰＲＢ N ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS. ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading. The number of REs of all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0109] Option 1-3-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ This may be reflected in

[0110] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0111] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ -αN ＰＴＲＳ '. n ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs allocated. ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS. ＰＴＲＳ ' is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＰＴＲＳ ' is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0112] Option 2) PT-RS insertion for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM may be performed in the frequency domain, i.e., after DFT. PT-RS insertion may be performed after transform precoding. Unlike DM-RS, PT-RS is not configured in all layers, so the impact of PT-RS on the number of information bits needs to be defined.

[0113] Option 2-1) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0114] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) (N ＲＥ ・ν-N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ ) R.Q. ｍ It is.ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs allocated in each layer and the bandwidth. ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers in which the PT-RS is arranged. ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading. To obtain the number of samples before DFT spreading, 1 / α needs to be taken into account.

[0115] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0116] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0117] Option 2-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0118] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ・ν.

[0119] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0120] N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs of DM-RS and PT-RS, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ +N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of PT-RS samples per PRB in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0121] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0122] Option 2-2') The impact of PT-RS is N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0123] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (1 / α) N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ・ν.

[0124] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0125] N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs in the PT-RS, which indicates additional overhead and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ +N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ + is the overhead amount set by the upper layer.

[0126] N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0127] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0128] Option 2-3) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in new parameters.

[0129] Option 2-3-1) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0130] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0131] N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＰＴＲＳ ' / n ＰＲＢ N ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS. The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0132] Option 2-3-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ This may be reflected in

[0133] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=NＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0134] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ -N ＰＴＲＳ '. n ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs allocated. ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0135] Action 2-1-2) The time domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α may be reflected in the calculation of the number of REs for all PRBs.

[0136] Option 1) PT-RS insertion for DFT-s-OFDM enhancement may be performed in the time domain.

[0137] Option 1-1) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0138] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (N ＲＥ ・ν-N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ ) R.Q. ｍ R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of the allocated period and bandwidth in each layer. ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers in which the PT-RS is arranged.

[0139] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0140] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＳＣ ＲＢ is 12, which is the number of subcarriers in one PRB. ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ is the number of PUSCH symbols arranged in a slot. ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0141] Option 1-2) The impact of PT-RS is ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the value of

[0142] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0143] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0144] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ'=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs of DM-RS and PT-RS, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ +αN ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of PT-RS samples per PRB in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0145] N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0146] Option 1-2') The impact of PT-RS is N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the value of

[0147] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0148] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0149] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs in the PT-RS, which indicates additional overhead and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ +αN ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ + is the overhead number set by the upper layer. ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0150] N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢis equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading. Option 1-3) The influence of the PT-RS may be reflected in a new parameter.

[0151] Option 1-3-1) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0152] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0153] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0154] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -αN ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0155] N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0156] N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = NＰＴＲＳ ' / n ＰＲＢ N ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS. ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0157] Option 1-3-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ This may be reflected in

[0158] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ -N ＰＴＲＳ '. n ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs allocated. ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0159] N ＰＴＲＳ ' is equivalent to the number of samples of the PT-RS before DFT spreading. ＰＴＲＳ ' is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading.

[0160] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ'=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0161] Option 2) PT-RS insertion for enhanced DFT-s-OFDM may be performed in the frequency domain.

[0162] Option 2-1) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in the calculation of the number of information bits.

[0163] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = (N ＲＥ ν-(1 / α) N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ ) R.Q. ｍ R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers. ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs allocated in each layer and the bandwidth. ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers in which the PT-RS is arranged. ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the number of REs of the PT-RS after DFT spreading. To obtain the number of samples before DFT spreading, 1 / α needs to be taken into account.

[0164] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0165] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0166] Option 2-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0167] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0168] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0169] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0170] N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs of DM-RS and PT-RS, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ +N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data. ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢis equivalent to the number of PT-RS samples per PRB in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ is equivalent to the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＤＭＲＳ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of samples of PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0171] Option 2-2') The impact of PT-RS is N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0172] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0173] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0174] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0175] N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ is the number of REs in the PT-RS, which indicates additional overhead and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ ＰＲＢ = Nｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ +N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ｏｈ ＰＲＢ + is the overhead number set by the upper layer. ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of samples per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ / n ＰＲＢ N ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ｏｈ－ＰＴＲＳ = N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0176] Option 2-3) The influence of PT-RS may be reflected in new parameters.

[0177] The number of information bits is N ｉｎｆｏ = N ＲＥ ・R・Q ｍ ν. R is the target coding rate, Q ｍ is the modulation order, and ν is the number of layers.

[0178] Option 2-3-1) The impact of PT-RS is ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ This may be reflected in the

[0179] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ It is. ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0180] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=NＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ

[0181] N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0182] N ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ is equivalent to the number of REs per PRB of the PT-RS in the allocated period per layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ ＰＲＢ = N ＰＴＲＳ ' / n ＰＲＢ N ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν N ＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0183] Option 2-3-2) The impact of PT-RS is N ＲＥ New parameter N used to calculate ＰＴＲＳ This may be reflected in

[0184] The number of REs in all PRBs is N ＲＥ =(1 / α)×(min(156,N ＲＥ ') x n ＰＲＢ -N ＰＴＲＳ '). ＰＲＢ is the number of PRBs to be allocated.

[0185] N ＰＴＲＳ N' is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period for each layer, and is calculated as follows: ＰＴＲＳ '=N ＰＴＲＳ ・ν ＰＴＲＳ / ν NＰＴＲＳ is the total number of REs of the PT-RS in the allocated period bandwidth per layer, and v ＰＴＲＳ is the number of layers allocated to the PT-RS.

[0186] N ＲＥ N' is the number of REs arranged in one PRB. ＲＥ N' is calculated as follows: ＲＥ '=N ＳＣ ＲＢ N ｓｙｍｂ ｓｈ -N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ -N ｏｈ ＰＲＢ N ＤＭＲＳ ＰＲＢ is the number of DM-RS REs per PRB in the configured period including the overhead of the DM-RS CDM group without data.

[0187] Action 2-2) Setting and signaling the time domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α may be performed as described below.

[0188] Operation 2-2-1) The time-domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α and the MCS (Modulation and coding scheme) table may be defined jointly. For example, a new column may be added to the MCS index table. Existing procedures and signaling related to the NR MCS may be reused.

[0189] Option 1) The target SE and modulation order may be left unchanged, and α and the coding rate may be combined. Table 3 shows an example of an MCS table for option 1).

[0190]

[0191] Rule 1: The value of α may be related to the modulation order. For example, for high modulation orders, such as above 2, only α greater than or equal to 1 may be supported. Note that α less than 1 may not apply to high modulation orders. Among the rows in Table 3, MCS indexes 29 to 50 correspond to Rule 1.

[0192] Rule 2: The number of α may be related to the coding rate. Among the rows in Table 3, MCS indexes 0 to 28 correspond to Rule 2.

[0193] If α<1, a small number of α may be associated with a low coding rate, and a large number of α may be associated with a high coding rate. For low coding rates, no further settings to reduce the coding rate may be performed. To control overhead, only a small number of α may be set for low coding rates.

[0194] If α>1, a large number of α may be associated with a low coding rate, and a small number of α may be associated with a high coding rate. For a high coding rate, no further setting to increase the coding rate may be performed. To control overhead, only a small number of α may be set for a high coding rate.

[0195] Option 2) The target SE and coding rate may not be changed, and α and modulation order may be combined. Table 4 shows an example MCS table for option 2).

[0196]

[0197] Option 3) The modulation order and coding rate may reuse NR and add α.

[0198] Option 3-1) A target SE option may be added. SE can be flexibly adapted. The MCS table size becomes larger. Table 5 shows an example of the MCS table for Option 3-1).

[0199]

[0200] Option 3-2) The MCS table size may not be changed, and some target SEs may be changed. Table 6 shows an example of an MCS table for option 3-2).

[0201]

[0202] Option 4) Add α=4 / 3 to the MCS table in the following way:

[0203] Alt. 1: Target SE and modulation order are unchanged, and α and code rate are combined. Table 7 shows an example of an MCS table for Option 4) Alt. 1.

[0204]

[0205] Alt. 2: Modulation order and coding rate may reuse NR and add α. Table 8 shows an example of an MCS table for Option 4) Alt. 2.

[0206]

[0207] Action 2-2-2) A new table or signaling may be defined for the time domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α.

[0208] Action 2-2-2-1) A new table and signaling may be defined for α associated with the modulation order.

[0209] Option 1) A new table may be defined for both α>1 and α<1. To notify α, a new field "FactorAlpha scaling" may be added to RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI. The default value of α may be 1. Table 9 shows an example of a table for option 1). Note that α=4 / 3 may always be set in the table.

[0210]

[0211] Option 2) New tables may be defined where α>1 and α<1, respectively. To notify α, new fields "FactorAlpha scaling1" and "FactorAlpha scaling2" may be added to RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI. The default value of α may be 1. Table 10 shows an example of a table for option 1). Note that α=4 / 3 may always be set in the table.

[0212]

[0213] Action 2-2-2-2) New tables and signaling may be defined for time domain FTN compression or spectrum expansion factor α.

[0214] Option 1) A new signaling "FactorAlpha" may be added to RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI. Note that a specific value (e.g., α=4 / 3) may always be supported by this signaling. If "FactorAlpha" is not configured, the default value of α may be 1.

[0215] Operation 2-2-2-3) The MCS index table may be updated.

[0216] Option 1) The NR MCS index table may be applied to both the cases of α>1 and α<1.

[0217] Option 2) The MCS index table of NR may be applied when α>1, and a new MCS index table may be added when α<1. The new MCS index table for α<1 may be as follows:

[0218] Option 2-1) The size of the NR MCS index table may be reduced and the indexes for higher-order modulation may be deleted. Table 11 shows an example of such an MCS index table.

[0219]

[0220] Option 2-2) The size of the NR MCS index table may be reduced and its contents may be changed. Table 12 shows an example of the MCS index table.

[0221]

[0222] Option 2-3) The size of the MCS index table for NR may be maintained, and the indexes for lower-order modulation may be increased and the indexes for higher-order modulation may be decreased. Table 13 shows an example of such an MCS index table.

[0223]

[0224] Option 3) The MCS index table of NR may be applied when α<1, and a new MCS index table may be added when α>1. The new MCS index table for α>1 may be as follows:

[0225] Option 3-1) The size of the NR MCS index table may be reduced and low coding rate indexes may be deleted. Table 14 shows an example of such an MCS index table.

[0226]

[0227] Option 3-2) The size of the NR MCS index table may be reduced and its contents may be changed. Table 15 shows an example of the MCS index table.

[0228]

[0229] Option 3-3) The size of the MCS index table for NR may be maintained, and the indexes for low coding rates may be decreased and the indexes for high coding rates may be increased. Table 16 shows an example of such an MCS index table.

[0230]

[0231] Option 4) The updated NR MCS index table may be applied to both the cases of α<1 and α>1.

[0232] Option 4-1) The size of the MCS index table for NR may be maintained, and the indexes for low-order modulation and high coding rates may be increased, and the indexes for high-order modulation and low coding rates may be decreased. Table 17 shows an example of such an MCS index table.

[0233]

[0234] Option 4-2) The size of the NR MCS index table may be reduced and its contents may be changed. Table 18 shows an example of the MCS index table.

[0235]

[0236] Operation 3) The following UE capabilities may be defined for each UE, each FR, each FC, etc., and reported from the UE to the base station 10.

[0237] Operation 3-1) UE capabilities for transmissions applying asymmetric transform precoding may be defined.

[0238] Option 1) As a UE transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may be supported without capability reporting and mandatory.

[0239] Option 2) As a UE transmission capability, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may be supported with capability reporting required and mandatory.

[0240] Option 3-1) As a UE transmission capability, L-S transform precoding (α<1) may be supported mandatory and without capability reporting. S-L transform precoding (α>1) may be supported mandatory and with capability reporting required.

[0241] Option 3-2) As a UE transmission capability, L-S transform precoding (α<1) may be supported with capability reporting required and mandatory. S-L transform precoding (α>1) may be supported without capability reporting and mandatory.

[0242] In the above option 2) or 3), one or two UE transmission capabilities for LS and SL transform precoding may be defined and reported.

[0243] Operation 3-2) UE capabilities for reception applying asymmetric transform precoding may be defined.

[0244] Option 1) As a receiving capability of the UE, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may be supported without capability reporting and mandatory.

[0245] Option 2) As a receiving capability of the UE, LS transform precoding (α<1) and SL transform precoding (α>1) may be supported with capability reporting required and mandatory.

[0246] Option 3-1) As a UE receiving capability, L-S transform precoding (α<1) may be supported mandatory and without capability reporting. S-L transform precoding (α>1) may be supported mandatory and with capability reporting required.

[0247] Option 3-2) As a UE receiving capability, L-S transform precoding (α<1) may be supported with capability reporting required and mandatory. S-L transform precoding (α>1) may be supported without capability reporting and mandatory.

[0248] In the above option 2) or 3), one or two UE receiving capabilities for LS and SL transform precoding may be defined and reported.

[0249] Action 3-3) A UE capability may be defined that indicates whether or not the new TBS calculation method is supported.

[0250] Action 3-4) A UE capability may be defined indicating whether or not the new MCS table and / or the new α table is supported.

[0251] The UE capabilities may be the same or different in different frequency bands. A UE may report the UE capabilities for different frequency bands jointly or separately.

[0252] According to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity.

[0253] That is, the complexity of the transmitter in the wireless communication system can be prevented from increasing.

[0254] (Device Configuration) Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 that execute the processes and operations described above will be described. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 include functions for implementing the above-described embodiments. However, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may each include only a part of the functions of the embodiments.

[0255] <Base Station 10> Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 10, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 10 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can perform the operations according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0256] The transmitter 110 has a function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 side and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The transmitter 110 also transmits inter-network node messages to other network nodes. The receiver 120 has a function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and acquiring, for example, information of higher layers from the received signals. The transmitter 110 also has a function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, etc. to the terminal 20. The receiver 120 also receives inter-network node messages from other network nodes.

[0257] The setting unit 130 stores preset setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20. The content of the setting information includes, for example, information relating to the settings of waveforms and transmission methods.

[0258] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 140 controls the setting of the waveform and transmission method. The control unit 140 also executes scheduling. The functional unit in the control unit 140 related to signal transmission may be included in the transmitting unit 110, and the functional unit in the control unit 140 related to signal reception may be included in the receiving unit 120.

[0259] <Terminal 20> Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 11, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 11 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can execute the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0260] The transmitter 210 creates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiver 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires higher layer signals from the received physical layer signals. The receiver 220 also has a function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals, and the like transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the transmitter 210 transmits a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), a PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), a PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), and the like to another terminal 20 as D2D communication, and the receiver 220 receives the PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH, and the like, from the other terminal 20.

[0261] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 by the receiving unit 220. The setting unit 230 also stores setting information that is set in advance. The setting information includes, for example, information related to the setting of the waveform and transmission method.

[0262] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 240 controls the setting of the waveform and transmission method. The functional unit related to signal transmission in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmitting unit 210, and the functional unit related to signal reception in the control unit 240 may be included in the receiving unit 220.

[0263] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (FIGS. 10 and 11) used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0264] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0265] For example, the base station 10, the terminal 20, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0266] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0267] Each function in the base station 10 and the terminal 20 is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001, the memory device 1002, etc., so that the processor 1001 performs calculations, controls communication by the communication device 1004, and controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory device 1002 and the auxiliary memory device 1003.

[0268] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 140, control unit 240, etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0269] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with the programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in FIG. 10 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. Furthermore, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in FIG. 11 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0270] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured, for example, by at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0271] The secondary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of the storage device 1002 and the secondary storage device 1003.

[0272] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, a transmission / reception antenna, an amplifier unit, a transmission / reception unit, a transmission path interface, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit may be implemented as a transmission unit and a reception unit that are physically or logically separated.

[0273] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0274] Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0275] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0276] Fig. 13 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 13, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0277] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0278] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0279] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a front or rear wheel rotation speed signal obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, a front or rear wheel air pressure signal obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0280] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013 or the like to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) that output information to the outside.

[0281] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0282] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0283] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0284] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0285] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc. provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0286] (Summary of Embodiments) As described above, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a terminal including a control unit that generates a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier transform-spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal by performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping, and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT-s-OFDM signal, wherein the control unit calculates a transport block size based on parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0287] With the above configuration, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity. In a wireless communication system, it is possible to prevent an increase in the complexity of the transmitter.

[0288] The parameter may be a value having the number of inputs of the asymmetric transform precoding as the numerator and the number of outputs as the denominator. With this configuration, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity.

[0289] The control unit may calculate the number of information bits for the transport block based on the parameter. With this configuration, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity.

[0290] The control unit may calculate the number of resource elements (REs) for the transport block based on the parameter. With this configuration, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity.

[0291] The controller may insert the PT-RS in either the time domain or the frequency domain. This configuration makes it possible to realize a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity.

[0292] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a communication method in which a terminal executes the steps of: generating a DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier transform - spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal by performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping; transmitting the DFT-s-OFDM signal; and calculating a transport block size based on parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

[0293] With the above configuration, it is possible to realize a transmitter that improves the performance of DFT-s-OFDM while suppressing an increase in complexity. In a wireless communication system, it is possible to prevent an increase in the complexity of the transmitter.

[0294] (Supplementary Notes on the Embodiments) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, and substitutions. While specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention; matters described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and matters described in one item may apply to matters described in another item (as long as there is no contradiction). Boundaries between functional units or processing units in functional block diagrams do not necessarily correspond to boundaries between physical components. The operations of multiple functional units may be performed by a single physical component, or the operations of a single functional unit may be performed by multiple physical components. The order of processing steps described in the embodiments may be reversed as long as there is no contradiction. For convenience of processing description, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may each be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or any other suitable storage medium.

[0295] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0296] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of systems using LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (New Radio), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems enhanced based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) may also be applied.

[0297] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be rearranged unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0298] In this specification, a specific operation described as being performed by the base station 10 may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having the base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 may be performed by at least one of the base station 10 and another network node other than the base station 10 (such as, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (such as an MME and an S-GW).

[0299] The information, signals, etc. described in the present disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0300] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0301] In the present disclosure, the determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (true or false), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0302] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0303] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0304] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0305] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0306] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0307] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0308] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0309] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "base station device," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0310] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage.

[0311] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0312] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0313] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0314] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0315] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0316] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal described above.

[0317] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0318] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0319] The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal) or may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0320] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0321] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0322] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0323] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0324] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0325] Numerology may be communication parameters that apply to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0326] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0327] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0328] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0329] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0330] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate wireless resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal 20) to each terminal 20 in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0331] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0332] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0333] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0334] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0335] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on the numerology.

[0336] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0337] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0338] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0339] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0340] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0341] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0342] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0343] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0344] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0345] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0346] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0347] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting unit 140 Controller 20 Terminal 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting unit 240 Controller 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a control unit that generates a Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT - s - OFDM) signal by performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping; and a transmission unit that transmits the DFT - s - OFDM signal, wherein the control unit calculates a transport block size based on parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the parameter is a value with the number of inputs of the asymmetric transform precoding as the numerator and the number of outputs as the denominator.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates the number of information bits related to the transport block based on the parameter.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates the number of Resource elements (REs) related to the transport block based on the parameter.

5. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit performs PT - RS insertion either in the time domain or the frequency domain.

6. A communication method performed by a terminal, the method comprising: a procedure of generating a Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT - s - OFDM) signal by performing asymmetric transform precoding between layer mapping and antenna port mapping; a procedure of transmitting the DFT - s - OFDM signal; and a procedure of calculating a transport block size based on parameters related to the asymmetric transform precoding.

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