Terminal, wireless communication system, and communication method

Abstract

This terminal comprises: a reception unit that receives a signal from a base station; and a control unit that, on the basis of the signal, controls the transmission of information to an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device that communicates with the base station via the terminal.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication system, and communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication system, and a communication method.

[0002] For NR (New Radio) (also called "5G"), the successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies are being considered that meet the requirements of a large-capacity system, high-speed data transmission speed, low latency, simultaneous connection of a large number of terminals, low cost, low power consumption, etc. (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Furthermore, in Release 18 (Rel-18) of 3GPP (registered trademark), ambient IoT (A-IoT: Ambient Internet of Things) is being considered (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Ambient IoT targets devices with extremely simple configurations for low-end IoT applications that operate with extremely low power consumption.

[0004] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.3.0 (2022-12)”Revised SID on Ambient IoT”, RP-232404, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #101, September 2023 “Summary for RAN Rel-19 Package: RAN1 / 2 / 3-led”, RP-232745, 3GPP RAN #102, December 2023 “Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR”, RP-234058, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102, December 2023 3GPP TS 36.211 V16.8.0 (2023-09)3GPP TR 38.848 V1.0.0 (2023-09)

[0005] In an A-IoT communication system that includes an ambient IoT device, it is considered that a terminal that receives a signal from a base station will communicate with the ambient IoT device, but there is room for consideration regarding the signal received from the base station.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a terminal, a wireless communication system, and a communication method that can appropriately configure signals that the terminal receives from a base station in an A-IoT communication system including an ambient IoT device.

[0007] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a signal from a base station, and a control unit that controls, based on the signal, the transmission of information to an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device that communicates with the base station via the terminal.

[0008] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in DL assistance. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating Topology 4 in UL assistance. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of interaction between a network and an A-IoT device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a DT case in Topology 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of Topology 1 and a DO-DTT case. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a DT case in Topology 2. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a DO-DTT case in Topology 2. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a variation of signal X. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of an intermediate node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station, a device, and an intermediate node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present disclosure is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0010] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, existing technology is used as appropriate. The existing technology is, for example, the existing LTE or NR, but is not limited to the existing LTE or NR. In addition, the term "LTE" used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems subsequent to LTE-Advanced, unless otherwise specified.

[0011] In addition, in the embodiments of the present disclosure described below, terms such as SS (synchronization signal), PSS (primary SS), SSS (secondary SS), PBCH (physical broadcast channel), PRACH (physical random access channel), PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), PUCCH (physical uplink control channel), and PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) used in existing LTE are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be referred to by other names. Furthermore, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even signals used in NR are not necessarily designated as "NR-".

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, "configuring" radio parameters and the like may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from a base station, a device, and the like are set.

[0014] (Embodiment) <Wireless Communication System> Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the wireless communication system 1 includes a base station 10 and a device 20. While Fig. 1 illustrates one base station 10 and one device 20, this is merely an example, and multiple base stations and devices may exist. The device 20 may be considered a form of terminal (UE: User Equipment) and may be an ambient IoT device, which is a device with lower complexity than an NB-IoT device. The ambient IoT device may also be referred to as an ambient IoT terminal, ambient IoT UE, A-IoT UE, etc.

[0015] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the device 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks.

[0016] The base station 10 transmits DL (Downlink) signals such as control information, setting information, and data to the device 20. The base station 10 receives UL signals such as control information, information related to the processing capability of the device 20 (capability (information) or device capability (information); for example, capability, device capability, A-IoT capability, A-IoT device capability, etc.), and data from the device 20 via UP (Uplink).

[0017] Channels used for transmitting DL signals include, for example, data channels and control channels. For example, the data channel may include a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and the control channel may include a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). For example, the base station 10 transmits control information to the device 20 using the PDCCH, and transmits DL data signals using the PDSCH. Note that the PDSCH is an example of a downlink shared channel or a data channel, and the PDCCH is an example of a downlink control channel. The PDCCH may be interpreted as downlink control information (DCI), control information, etc. transmitted in the PDCCH.

[0018] As will be described later, the wireless communication system may include intermediate nodes, assisting nodes, and / or terminals (UEs) (see <Device Types and Topologies> below). Note that, hereinafter, "and / or" may be written simply as " / ".

[0019] The device 20 is a communication device equipped with wireless communication capabilities, and as described above, may be an ambient IoT device (e.g., a sensor, etc.).

[0020] The device 20 receives DL signals such as control signals, setting information, and data from the base station 10 via DL, and transmits UL signals such as control signals, capability information of the device 20, and data to the base station 10 via UL.

[0021] Channels used for transmitting UL signals include, for example, data channels and control channels. For example, the data channel may include a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and the control channel may include a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). For example, the device 20 transmits control information using the PUCCH and transmits UL data signals using the PUSCH. Note that the PUSCH is an example of an uplink shared channel or a data channel, and the PUCCH is an example of an uplink control channel. Note that the PUSCH or the PUCCH may be interpreted as uplink control information (UCI), control information, etc. transmitted in the PUSCH or the PUCCH.

[0022] <Ambient IoT> Rel-18 approved the study of ambient IoT, which is even lower-end than the existing NB-IoT (see, for example, Section 10 of Non-Patent Document 5) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Ambient IoT targets ultra-low power consumption and ultra-low complexity devices.

[0023] In Ambient IoT, for example, the following deployment scenarios and characteristics may be considered for relevant use cases: Indoor or outdoor environment Base station type, e.g., macro / micro / pico cell-based deployment Connectivity topology, e.g., which nodes communicate with Ambient IoT devices, such as base stations, terminals (UE), relays and repeaters Duplexing method, TDD or FDD, licensed or unlicensed frequency band Coexistence with UE and network equipment in frequency bands for existing 3GPP technologies Assumptions of traffic originating from / terminating to devices

[0024] Based on the above deployment scenarios and characteristics, for example, the following RAN design targets can be formulated: Power consumption Complexity Coverage Data rate Positioning accuracy

[0025] Based on deployment scenarios appropriate for the relevant use cases, compare and evaluate the feasibility of meeting design targets and identify supporting features.

[0026] <Device Types and Topologies> Based on the results of the study items, TR 38.848 (Non-Patent Document 6) was approved. TR 38.848 considers the following categories of ambient IoT devices: Device A: Device A does not have power (energy) storage, does not have independent signal generation or signal amplification functions, and performs backscattering transmission. Device B: Device B has power storage, does not have independent signal generation functions, and performs backscattering transmission. Device B uses the stored power to amplify reflected signals. Device C: Device C has power storage, independent signal generation functions, and has an active RF (radio frequency) component for transmission.

[0027] The complexity of device A is assumed to be about the same as RFID (Frequency Frequency Identification).

[0028] TR 38.848 defines the following topologies 1 to 4 in an ambient IoT network.

[0029] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. As shown in Fig. 2, Topology 1 is a configuration in which a base station (BS) and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device directly communicates with the base station in a two-way manner.

[0030] 3 is a diagram illustrating Topology 2. As shown in FIG. 3, Topology 2 is a configuration in which a base station and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other via an intermediate node. The ambient IoT device performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the base station and the ambient IoT device. The intermediate node may be, for example, a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, a repeater, or the like.

[0031] 4 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in DL assistance. As shown in FIG. 4, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and an assisting node, communication between the assisting node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between the ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0032] The support node supports DL communication. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the support node receives DL signals from the base station and transmits the received DL signals to the ambient IoT device. For UL communication, the ambient IoT device transmits UL signals directly to the base station.

[0033] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in UL support. As shown in Fig. 5, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and a support node, communication between a support node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between the ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0034] The support node supports UL communication. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the support node receives UL signals from the ambient IoT device and transmits the received UL signals to the base station. For DL ​​communication, the ambient IoT device receives DL signals directly from the base station.

[0035] The supporting nodes shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 may be, for example, relays, IAB nodes, UEs, repeaters, etc.

[0036] 6 is a diagram illustrating Topology 4. Topology 4 is a configuration in which a UE and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device performs bidirectional communication with the UE. Communication related to Topology 4 may be considered as side link (SL) communication.

[0037] In the above topologies 1 to 4, the ambient IoT device may be provided with a carrier wave from another node inside or outside the topology (see Section 4.2.1 of Non-Patent Document 6).

[0038] The wireless communication system 1 (wireless communication network) may include a base station, a support node, an intermediate node, and / or a terminal (UE of Topology 4) in addition to the device 20. In this specification, the base station, the support node, the intermediate node, and the terminal may be read as a network or a (network) node. Also, an A-IoT device may be simply referred to as A-IoT.

[0039] Backscatter Transmission Base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes transmit RF signals to ambient IoT devices that are activated and obtain power from the RF operating field from the base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes via inductive coupling.

[0040] The ambient IoT device backscatters and modulates the RF signals received from the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes by switching the reflection coefficient of the device's antenna, and transmits information to the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes.

[0041] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating backscatter transmission. FIG. 7 shows an example in which an ambient IoT device transmits information by performing ON-OFF keying. The dashed line area in FIG. 7 indicates an OFF section, which may correspond to information (bit) "0." A sine wave signal may correspond to information "1."

[0042] Hereinafter, a network may include a base station, a support node, an intermediate node, and a terminal (UE in Topology 4). Hereinafter, the base station, the support node, the intermediate node, the relay, and the terminal may be referred to as network nodes. Ambient IoT may be referred to as A-IoT.

[0043] The A-IoT as described above has been raised as a topic of 3GPP Rel-19. The following items are being considered for A-IoT. In the following, an ambient IoT device is referred to as an ambient IoT UE, and an ambient IoT UE is referred to as an A-IoT UE. In the following description, a base station may be replaced with other terms such as BS or gNB.

[0044] <Traffic Flow> The following DT and DO-DTT are being considered as traffic flows for A-IoT. DT (device terminated): As traffic, there is no transmission from the A-IoT UE, but there is information transmitted to the A-IoT UE. For example, DT corresponds to a command type in which there is an instruction (e.g., an instruction or command) to the A-IoT UE. DO-DTT (device originated - device terminated triggered): As traffic, there is a trigger from the NW (network, e.g., a base station). Also, as traffic, there is information transmission from the A-IoT UE. Also, for example, DO-DTT may also include information transmission to the A-IoT UE. For example, DO-DTT corresponds to a sensor information report type in which sensor information is collected from the A-IoT UE.

[0045] In this embodiment, transmission of information corresponds to transmission of a signal containing information, or transmission of a signal. In this embodiment, transmission to a certain device X corresponds to transmission of a signal (or information) to device X. In addition, transmission from a certain device X and transmission by a certain device X correspond to device X transmitting a signal (or information). In addition, reception from a certain device X corresponds to receiving a signal (or information) transmitted by device X. In addition, reception by a certain device X corresponds to device X receiving a signal (or information).

[0046] <Device Assumptions> The following assumptions may be made for a device such as an A-IoT UE. Transmission (TX) is backscattered UL (uplink) transmission without an amplifier, or general UL transmission with an amplifier. Alternatively, backscattered UL transmission with an amplifier may be performed. FR (frequency range) 1-FDD is applied. That is, the A-IoT UE can switch the carrier frequency between a DL (downlink) carrier and a UL (uplink) carrier. However, this embodiment is not limited to FR1-FDD, and may be applied to TDD, FR2, or FR3.

[0047] The frequency bands of each FR are, for example, as follows: FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz FR3: 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz

[0048] FR1 may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, or 60 kHz, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, and may use an SCS of 60 kHz or 120 kHz (including 240 kHz), and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz.

[0049] <Topology> Among the topologies shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, attention is focused on Topology 1 and Topology 2.

[0050] In Topology 1, UL and / or DL ​​communication is performed between a base station and an A-IoT UE. Note that the base station in Topology 1 may correspond to a microcell.

[0051] In Topology 2, a base station and an A-IoT UE communicate via an intermediate node. The A-IoT UE performs bidirectional communication with an intermediate node located between the base station and the A-IoT UE. Hereinafter, the intermediate node will be referred to as an int. UE (intermediate UE). The case of Topology 2 may also be applied to indoor cases. Furthermore, the base station in the case of Topology 2 may correspond to a macrocell.

[0052] The signal design for A-IoT UEs may be common between Topology 1 and Topology 2 described above.

[0053] Next, examples of communication flows for each combination of topology and traffic will be described. Below, the following combinations of topology and traffic will be described: DT in Topology 1, DO-DTT in Topology 1, DT in Topology 2, and DO-DTT in Topology 2.

[0054] Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the DT case in Topology 1. Figure 8 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB) and the A-IoT UE. Note that since this is the DT case in Topology 1, there is information transmission from the base station to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station.

[0055] In the case of DT in Topology 1, the following two-step communication flow is assumed. Note that step 1 starts, for example, when a packet arrives at the base station. - Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up. - Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station. In other words, the base station transmits information to the A-IoT UE.

[0056] Note that step 1 and step 2 may be executed together, for example, by the same signal.

[0057] In step 1, the A-IoT UE may wake up by a signal transmitted from a base station. The signal transmitted from the base station may be referred to as a carrier waveform. Here, the signal transmitted from the base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. Note that in this embodiment, the carrier waveform may be replaced with a carrier wave.

[0058] Also, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the base station. Here, the signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. Alternatively, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) transmitted from a source other than the base station. Here, the signal transmitted from a source other than the base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0059] In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be an example of a signal requesting a wake-up.

[0060] In the above-described steps 1 and 2, when a signal is transmitted from the base station, the transmission method of the signal transmitted from the base station may be any one of the following methods 1a to 1c.

[0061] (1a) A signal transmitted from a base station may be broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs. In this case, there is no need to distinguish whether the destination of the transmission from the base station is a UE or a UE group including one or more UEs. In other words, an A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) that receives a signal does not need to detect whether the received signal is addressed to A-IoT UE #1 or to a group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs.

[0062] (1b) A signal transmitted from a base station may be multicast to a group including one or more A-IoT UEs. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0063] (1c) A signal transmitted from a base station is unicast to a single A-IoT UE. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether a received signal is transmitted to A-IoT UE #1. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether a signal is transmitted to A-IoT UE #1 based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0064] In addition, the A-IoT UE may notify a capability indicating whether or not it supports reception of at least one of the transmissions 1a to 1c described above.

[0065] Note that the method of transmitting a signal from the base station may be different between the above-mentioned step 1 and step 2. For example, in step 1, the signal for waking up the A-IoT UE is broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs as in 1a, and in step 2, the signal for transmitting information to the A-IoT UE may be multicast as in 1b or unicast as in 1c.

[0066] Note that the above-described steps 1 and 2 may be consecutive in time, or an interval may be provided between steps 1 and 2. For example, a wake-up signal and a signal containing information to be transmitted to the A-IoT may be consecutive in time.

[0067] In addition, in step 1 and / or step 2 of the above example, the base station may transmit to the A-IoT multiple times, or may transmit to each of two or more A-IoTs individually.

[0068] <Case of DO-DTT in Topology 1> Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of the case of topology 1 and DO-DTT. Figure 9 shows the flow of signals between the base station (gNB) and the A-IoT UE. Note that, since this is the case of DO-DTT in topology 1, there is information transmission from the base station to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station.

[0069] In the case of DO-DTT in Topology 1, a communication flow with the following three steps is assumed. Note that step 1 is initiated, for example, when a packet arrives at the base station. - Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up. - Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the base station. In other words, the base station transmits information to the A-IoT UE. - Step 3: The A-IoT UE transmits a signal to the base station. In other words, the base station receives a signal from the A-IoT UE.

[0070] Steps 1 and 2 may be performed together, for example, using the same signal. The signal in step 2 may be a carrier waveform signal.

[0071] In step 1, the A-IoT UE may wake up by a signal transmitted from a base station. The signal transmitted from the base station may be referred to as a carrier waveform. Here, the signal transmitted from the base station may correspond to an energy source that provides energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0072] Also, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the base station. Here, the signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. Alternatively, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) transmitted from a source other than the base station. Here, the signal transmitted from a source other than the base station may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0073] In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be an example of a signal requesting a wake-up.

[0074] In the above-described steps 1 and 2, when a signal is transmitted from the base station, the signal transmitted from the base station may be any one of the following 2a to 2c.

[0075] (2a) A signal transmitted from a base station may be broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs. In this case, there is no need to distinguish whether the destination of the transmission from the base station is a UE or a UE group including one or more UEs. In other words, an A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) that receives a signal does not need to detect whether the received signal is addressed to A-IoT UE #1 or to a group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs.

[0076] (2b) A signal transmitted from a base station may be multicast to a group including one or more A-IoT UEs. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0077] (2c) A signal transmitted from a base station is unicast to a single A-IoT UE. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether a received signal is transmitted to A-IoT UE #1. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether a signal is transmitted to A-IoT UE #1 based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0078] In addition, the A-IoT UE may notify a capability indicating whether or not it supports reception of at least one of the transmissions 2a to 2c described above.

[0079] Note that the method of transmitting a signal from the base station may be different between the above-mentioned step 1 and step 2. For example, in step 1, the signal for waking up the A-IoT UE is broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs as in 2a, and in step 2, the signal for transmitting information to the A-IoT UE may be multicast as in 2b or unicast as in 2c.

[0080] Note that the above-described steps 1 and 2 may be consecutive in time, or an interval may be provided between steps 1 and 2. For example, a wake-up signal and a signal containing information to be transmitted to the A-IoT may be consecutive in time.

[0081] In the above-mentioned step 3, the signal transmission method when transmitting a signal from the A-IoT UE to the base station may be either 2d or 2e below.

[0082] (2d) The transmission in step 3 may be a backscattered UL transmission. In this case, timing adjustment (e.g., timing advance) between DL reception and UL transmission may or may not be applied. Also, power adjustment (e.g., power amplifier) ​​may or may not be applied. Also, transmit timing adjustment may or may not be applied.

[0083] (2e) The transmission in step 3 may be a non-backscattered UL transmission. The non-backscattered UL transmission may be a general UL transmission. For example, a UL channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, etc.) and / or a UL reference signal (e.g., SRS (Sounding Reference Signal), sequence-based signal, etc.) is generated and transmitted. In this case, timing adjustment between DL reception and UL transmission may or may not be applied. Also, power adjustment may be applied.

[0084] In the above example (e.g., FIG. 9), an example was shown in which the transmission from the base station to the A-IoT UE and the transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station were each performed once, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, after multiple transmissions from the base station to the A-IoT UE, one transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station may be performed. In this case, one transmission from the A-IoT UE to the base station may include responses to the multiple transmissions from the base station to the A-IoT UE.

[0085] Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example of the DT case in Topology 2. Figure 10 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int. UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is a DT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0086] In the case of DT in Topology 2, a communication flow consisting of the following four steps is assumed. Note that step 0 starts, for example, when a packet arrives at the base station. - Step 0: The int. UE receives a trigger from the base station to send a signal to the A-IoT UE, and sends a signal to the A-IoT UE based on the trigger. Step 0 includes the operation of the base station sending the trigger to the int. UE. - Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up. - Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the int. UE. In other words, the int. UE sends information to the A-IoT UE. - Step X: The int. UE sends a signal to the base station.

[0087] Note that step 1 and step 2 may be executed together, for example, by the same signal.

[0088] Of these four steps, steps 0 to 2 may be executed in this order. Step X is not limited to being executed after step 2. The timing at which step X is executed will be described later. In step 0, the signal received by the int. UE may be referred to as signal X. In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE (the signal transmitted by the int. UE) may be referred to as signal Y. In step 2, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be referred to as signal Z. In step X, the signal transmitted by the int. UE may be referred to as signal R.

[0089] Note that step 0 may be performed without receiving a trigger to transmit a signal to the A-IoT UE. For example, the int. UE transmits a signal to the A-IoT UE without receiving a trigger. Illustratively, the int. UE transmits a signal to the A-IoT UE periodically, at predetermined resources, or the like.

[0090] In step 1, the A-IoT UE may wake up by a signal transmitted from the int. UE. The signal transmitted from the int. UE may be referred to as a carrier waveform. Here, the signal transmitted from the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that provides energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0091] Also, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the int. UE. Here, the signal other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. Alternatively, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) transmitted from a source other than the int. UE. Here, the signal transmitted from a source other than the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0092] In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be an example of a signal requesting a wake-up.

[0093] In the above-described steps 1 and 2, when a signal is transmitted from the int. UE, the transmission method of the signal transmitted from the int. UE may be any one of the following methods 3a to 3c.

[0094] (3a) A signal transmitted from an int. UE may be broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs. In this case, there is no need to distinguish whether the destination of the transmission from the int. UE is a UE or a UE group including one or more UEs. In other words, an A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) that receives a signal does not need to detect whether the received signal is addressed to A-IoT UE #1 or to a group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs.

[0095] (3b) A signal transmitted from an int. UE may be multicast to a group including one or more A-IoT UEs. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0096] (3c) Signals transmitted from the int. UE are unicast to a single A-IoT UE. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal was transmitted to A-IoT UE #1. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal was transmitted to A-IoT UE #1 based on information included in the signal (e.g., CRC (cyclic redundancy check)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0097] In addition, the A-IoT UE may notify a capability indicating whether or not it supports reception of at least one of the transmissions 3a to 3c described above.

[0098] Note that the method of transmitting a signal from the int. UE may be different between the above-described step 1 and step 2. For example, in step 1, a signal for waking up the A-IoT UE is broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs as in 3a, and in step 2, a signal for transmitting information to the A-IoT UE may be multicast as in 3b or unicast as in 3c.

[0099] Note that the above-described steps 1 and 2 may be consecutive in time, or an interval may be provided between steps 1 and 2. For example, a wake-up signal and a signal containing information to be transmitted to the A-IoT may be consecutive in time.

[0100] The timing at which step X is executed may be any one of the following 3d to 3f.

[0101] (3d) Step X is performed before step 2. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the A-IoT UE receives the information. In other words, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the int. UE transmits information to the A-IoT UE. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating successful reception of the trigger.

[0102] (3e) Step X is performed after step 2. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the A-IoT UE receives information. In other words, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the int. UE transmits information to the A-IoT UE. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station includes a report indicating whether the transmission to the A-IoT UE is completed or failed. Note that, here, whether the transmission to the A-IoT UE is completed or failed may correspond to whether the int. UE was able to perform the transmission or was unable to perform it. Note that, in this case, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating that the trigger was successfully received.

[0103] (3f) Step X is executed before step 0. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the int. UE receives a trigger from the base station. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station includes information of a type such as a request from the int. UE. The information of the type such as a request may be information related to a transmission request from the int. UE to the A-IoT UE (e.g., a transmission resource request).

[0104] Note that step X may be executed at multiple timings. For example, the above-described 3f and 3d or 3e may be applied. In this case, the information included in the signal transmitted by the int. UE to the base station at each timing may differ for each timing. When the above-described 3f and 3d are applied, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before receiving a trigger from the base station, and transmits a signal to the base station before the A-IoT UE receives information.

[0105] The timing of step X may be specified in advance, or may be set or instructed by the base station. The instruction for the timing of step X may be included in a trigger transmitted from the base station.

[0106] The int. UE may notify the base station of a capability indicating when step X, in which the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station, can be performed. For example, the int. UE may notify the base station of a capability indicating whether step X can be performed before step 2, whether step X can be performed after step 2, or whether step X can be performed before step 0. The base station may instruct the int. UE on the timing of step X based on the notified capability.

[0107] <DO-DTT Case in Topology 2> Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of the DO-DTT case in Topology 2. Figure 11 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int. UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is the DO-DTT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0108] In the case of DO-DTT in Topology 2, a communication flow consisting of the following five steps is assumed. Note that Step 0 starts, for example, when a packet arrives at the base station. Step 0: The int. UE receives a trigger from the base station to send a signal to the A-IoT UE, and sends a signal to the A-IoT UE based on the trigger. Step 0 includes the base station sending the trigger to the int. UE. Step 1: The A-IoT UE wakes up. Step 2: The A-IoT UE receives information from the int. UE. In other words, the int. UE sends information to the A-IoT UE. Step 3: The A-IoT UE sends a signal to the base station. In other words, the base station receives a signal from the A-IoT UE. Step X: The int. UE sends a signal to the base station.

[0109] Steps 1 and 2 may be performed together, for example, using the same signal. The signal in step 2 may be a carrier waveform signal.

[0110] Of these five steps, steps 0 to 3 may be executed in this order. Step X is not limited to being executed after step 3. The timing at which step X is executed will be described later. In step 0, the signal received by the int. UE may be referred to as signal X. In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE (the signal transmitted by the int. UE) may be referred to as signal Y. In step 2, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be referred to as signal Z. In step X, the signal transmitted by the int. UE may be referred to as signal R.

[0111] Note that step 0 may be performed without receiving a trigger to transmit a signal to the A-IoT UE. For example, the int. UE transmits a signal to the A-IoT UE without receiving a trigger. Illustratively, the int. UE transmits a signal to the A-IoT UE periodically, at predetermined resources, or the like.

[0112] In step 1, the A-IoT UE may wake up by a signal transmitted from the int. UE. The signal transmitted from the int. UE may be referred to as a carrier waveform. Here, the signal transmitted from the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that provides energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0113] Also, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the int. UE. Here, the signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) other than the carrier waveform signal transmitted from the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE. Alternatively, in step 1, the A-IoT UE may be woken up by a signal (e.g., a radio frequency signal (RF) signal) transmitted from a source other than the int. UE. Here, the signal transmitted from a source other than the int. UE may correspond to an energy source that supplies energy to the A-IoT UE.

[0114] In step 1, the signal received by the A-IoT UE may be an example of a signal requesting a wake-up.

[0115] In the above-described steps 1 and 2, when a signal is transmitted from the int. UE, the transmission method of the signal transmitted from the int. UE may be any one of the following methods 4a to 4c.

[0116] (4a) A signal transmitted from an int. UE may be broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs. In this case, there is no need to distinguish whether the destination of the transmission from the int. UE is a UE or a UE group including one or more UEs. In other words, an A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) that receives a signal does not need to detect whether the received signal is addressed to A-IoT UE #1 or to a group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs.

[0117] (4b) A signal transmitted from an int. UE may be multicast to a group including one or more A-IoT UEs. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal is transmitted to the group to which A-IoT UE #1 belongs based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0118] (4c) Signals transmitted from the int. UE are unicast to a single A-IoT UE. In this case, a certain A-IoT UE (e.g., A-IoT UE #1) detects whether the received signal was transmitted to A-IoT UE #1. For example, A-IoT UE #1 detects whether the signal was transmitted to A-IoT UE #1 based on information included in the signal (e.g., CRC (cyclic redundancy check)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0119] In addition, the A-IoT UE may notify a capability indicating whether or not it supports reception of at least one of the transmissions 4a to 4c described above.

[0120] Note that the method of transmitting a signal from the int. UE may be different between the above-described step 1 and step 2. For example, in step 1, a signal for waking up the A-IoT UE is broadcast to one or more arbitrary A-IoT UEs as in 4a, and in step 2, a signal for transmitting information to the A-IoT UE may be multicast as in 4b or unicast as in 4c.

[0121] Note that the above-described steps 1 and 2 may be consecutive in time, or an interval may be provided between steps 1 and 2. For example, a wake-up signal and a signal containing information to be transmitted to the A-IoT may be consecutive in time.

[0122] In step 3, the destination int. UE to which the A-IoT UE transmits a signal (for example, the int. UE that receives the signal transmitted by the A-IoT UE) may be the same as or different from the source int. UE that transmitted information to the A-IoT UE in step 2.

[0123] The timing at which step X is executed may be any one of the following 4d to 4g.

[0124] (4d) Step X is performed before step 2. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the A-IoT UE receives the information. In other words, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the int. UE transmits information to the A-IoT UE. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating successful reception of the trigger.

[0125] (4e) Step X is performed after step 2. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the A-IoT UE receives information. In other words, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the int. UE transmits information to the A-IoT UE. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station includes a report indicating whether the transmission to the A-IoT UE is completed or failed. Note that, here, whether the transmission to the A-IoT UE is completed or failed may correspond to whether the int. UE was able to perform the transmission or was unable to perform it. Note that, in this case, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating that the trigger was successfully received.

[0126] (4f) Step X is performed after step 3. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the A-IoT UE transmits information. In other words, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station after the int. UE receives information from the A-IoT UE. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating whether transmission to the A-IoT UE has been completed or failed, and / or a report indicating whether reception from the A-IoT UE has been completed or failed. Also, the signal transmitted to the base station may include a report indicating successful reception of the trigger.

[0127] (4g) Step X is performed before step 0. That is, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before the int. UE receives a trigger from the base station. In this case, the signal transmitted to the base station includes information of a type such as a request from the int. UE. The information of the type such as a request may be information related to a transmission request from the int. UE to the A-IoT UE (e.g., a transmission resource request).

[0128] Note that step X may be executed at multiple timings. For example, at least one of 4g, 4d, 4e, and 4f described above may be applied. In this case, the information included in the signal transmitted by the int. UE to the base station at each timing may differ for each timing. When 4g and 4d described above are applied, the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station before receiving a trigger from the base station, and transmits a signal to the base station before the A-IoT UE receives information.

[0129] The timing of step X may be specified in advance, or may be set or instructed by the base station. The instruction for the timing of step X may be included in a trigger transmitted from the base station.

[0130] The int. UE may notify the base station of a capability indicating when step X, in which the int. UE transmits a signal to the base station, can be performed. For example, the int. UE may notify the base station of a capability indicating whether step X can be performed before step 2, whether step X can be performed after step 2, or whether step X can be performed before step 0. The base station may instruct the int. UE on the timing of step X based on the notified capability.

[0131] In the above-mentioned step 3, the signal transmission method when transmitting a signal from the A-IoT UE to the int. UE may be either 4h or 4k as follows.

[0132] (4h) The transmission in step 3 may be a backscattered UL transmission. In this case, timing adjustment (e.g., timing advance) between DL reception and UL transmission may or may not be applied. Also, power adjustment (e.g., power amplifier) ​​may or may not be applied. Also, transmit timing adjustment may or may not be applied.

[0133] (4k) The transmission in step 3 may be a non-backscattered UL transmission. The non-backscattered UL transmission may be a general UL transmission. For example, a UL channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, etc.) and / or a UL reference signal (e.g., SRS (Sounding Reference Signal), sequence-based signal, etc.) is generated and transmitted. In this case, timing adjustment between DL reception and UL transmission may or may not be applied. Also, power adjustment may be applied.

[0134] In the above example (for example, FIG. 11), an example was shown in which transmission from the base station to the int. UE, transmission from the int. UE to the A-IoT UE, transmission from the A-IoT UE to the int. UE, and transmission from the int. UE to the base station were each performed once, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. The number of times of these transmissions may be different from each other.

[0135] In the above-described embodiment, "wake up" may mean preparing to receive a signal from a base station and / or an int. UE, or may mean starting to monitor a signal from a base station and / or an int. UE.

[0136] <Considerations> As described above, in Topology 2, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, an int. UE may receive a signal from a base station. Then, in Topology 2, the int. UE transmits a signal to one or more A-IoT UEs based on the signal received from the base station. In Topology 2, a signal received from the int. UE or base station is referred to as signal X. The int. UE transmits a signal to one or more A-IoT UEs based on signal X.

[0137] The signal X received by the int. UE is unclear and open to discussion.

[0138] For example, the transmission operation, such as the signaling method and cast type of signal X, is unclear. If the transmission operation is unclear, there may be cases where signal X is not transmitted to an int. UE that should receive signal X, and the int. UE may not be able to perform the next operation (for example, a transmission operation to an A-IoT UE). Furthermore, if the transmission operation is unclear, there may be cases where signal X is transmitted to an int. UE that does not need to receive signal X, and resources used for transmitting and receiving signal X may be wasted. Furthermore, if the transmission operation is unclear, there may be an excessive number of signalings, which increases overhead, or an insufficient number of signalings, which may prevent the int. UE from performing the appropriate next operation (for example, a transmission operation to an A-IoT UE).

[0139] Also, for example, the contents of signal X (for example, information contained in signal X) are unclear. If the contents of signal X are unclear, instructions / settings for int. UE cannot be sufficiently performed, and int. UE may not be able to perform the next operation (for example, transmission operation to A-IoT UE). Also, if the contents of signal X are unclear, instructions / settings for int. UE may be duplicated or excessive, which may increase signaling overhead.

[0140] Furthermore, for example, it is unclear as to the next operation (e.g., transmission operation to an A-IoT UE) in response to reception of signal X. Since it is unclear to which A-IoT UE the int. UE should transmit signal X in response to reception of signal X, transmission to the A-IoT UE cannot be properly performed.

[0141] Therefore, in this embodiment, the signaling method of signal X, the transmission operation such as the cast type, the contents of signal X, and the next operation upon reception of signal X will be described.

[0142] <Proposal 1. Transmission Operation of Signal X> <1-1. Signaling> In Topology 2, the int. UE receives signal X from the base station. Then, the int. UE transmits a signal to the A-IoT UE based on signal X. This signal X may be transmitted in response to a request from the int. UE, or may be transmitted without a request from the int. UE.

[0143] The signal X may be any of the following signaling 1a to 1d.

[0144] (1a): Signal X is RRC signaling. For example, the RRC signaling may configure periodic resources (e.g., periodic resources). The UE that becomes the int. UE may then use these resources. The RRC signaling may be a System Information Block (SIB) (i.e., common signaling) or a dedicated RRC configuration (e.g., UE-specific signaling or group-common signaling).

[0145] (1b): Signal X is a Medium Access Control Element (MAC-CE). In this case, the PDSCH includes the MAC-CE. Then, a hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) corresponding to the PDSCH (e.g., the MAC-CE) is notified to the base station.

[0146] (1c): Signal X is DCI. In this case, the DCI may be a DL assignment, an SL grant, or a dedicated DCI format. Whether the DCI is signal X is detected.

[0147] In the case of (1c), for example, whether the DCI is signal X is detected based on at least one of the monitoring occasion, the payload size, the instruction included in the DCI, and the RNTI (Radio Network Temporary Identifier) ​​that scrambles the CRC for the DCI. Here, the case where the DCI is not signal X is when the DCI does not include information related to A-IoT transmission, or when the DCI includes only information related to communication other than A-IoT communication.

[0148] In case (1c), at least one of the RNTI, time resource, frequency resource, code resource, and spatial resource for monitoring the DCI may be configured for the DCI.

[0149] In the case of (1c), the DCI of the signal X may be a single DCI or may have multiple stages. For example, the DCI may be divided into multiple units (e.g., stages), and each unit (each stage) may be transmitted at a different timing.

[0150] (1d): Signal X may be a combination of (1a) to (1c) above. For example, a set of resources may be configured by RRC, and a subset of the configuration may be activated by either MAC-CE or DCI.

[0151] (Variations of Signal X) Signal X may have the same format as the format of the signal transmitted from the base station to the A-IoT UE in Topology 1. Also, if signal X is divided into multiple stages, at least the first stage of signal X may have the same format as the signal transmitted from the base station to the A-IoT UE in Topology 1.

[0152] Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example of a variation of signal X. Like Figure 11, Figure 12 shows the case of DO-DTT in topology 2. However, in addition to A-IoT UE #1 that receives a signal from int. UE, Figure 12 also includes A-IoT UE #2 ("Another A-IoT UE" in Figure 12) that receives a signal from the base station (gNB).

[0153] 12, the base station transmits signal X to int. UE and A-IoT UE #2. For example, the base station transmits signal X to int. UE and A-IoT UE #2 by broadcast (or multicast). In this case, signal X has the format of a signal transmitted from the base station to the A-IoT UE, so that signal X can be received by int. UE and A-IoT UE #2.

[0154] By applying any of the above-described signaling, it is possible to clarify the signaling method of signal X. For example, by applying any of the above-described signaling, the number of signalings can be appropriately set, so that the increase in signaling overhead can be suppressed, and the int. UE can perform the appropriate next operation (for example, a transmission operation to the A-IoT UE).

[0155] <1-2. Restrictions on Signal X> Signal X is not limited to being transmitted once, but may be transmitted multiple times. Restrictions may be placed on the multiple transmissions of signal X. In other words, the int. UE may receive signal X based on restrictions on the multiple receptions of signal X. Restrictions may also be placed on the multiple transmissions of signal X. For example, at least one of the following restrictions 1e to 1g may be applied to the operation related to the multiple transmissions of signal X.

[0156] (1e): When a signal X (e.g., scheduling of a transmission to an A-IoT UE) is received, the UE (e.g., a UE that may be an int. UE) assumes that another signal X (e.g., next signal X) will be received at least T slots after the reception of the previous signal X. Alternatively, when a signal X is received, the UE assumes that another signal X will be received at least T slots after the completion of the transmission of the signal corresponding to the previous signal X. Note that T slots may be replaced with another time unit, such as T milliseconds.

[0157] For example, in (1e), two signals X are described as signal X1 and signal X2, and an example is shown in which signal X1 is transmitted first and signal X2 is transmitted later. In this example, when signal X1 is received, the UE assumes that signal X2 will be received at least T slots after reception of signal X1. Alternatively, in this example, when signal X1 is received, the UE assumes that signal X2 will be received at least T slots after completion of transmission of the signal corresponding to signal X1. Note that in this case, after transmitting signal X1, the base station may control the transmission timing of signal X2 so that int. UE receives signal X2 at least T slots after reception of signal X1.

[0158] (1f): When multiple different signals X are received at the same time (e.g., the same time interval), a UE (e.g., a UE that can be an int. UE) may transmit based on all of the multiple signals X, or may transmit based on a portion (one or a plurality but not all) of the multiple signals X. Note that, for transmissions based on all or a portion of signals X, priority may be given to the trigger indicated by signal X. For example, for transmissions based on all or a portion of signals X, a later trigger may take priority, or an earlier trigger may take priority.

[0159] For example, in (1f), when multiple different signals X are received for transmission at the same time (e.g., the same time interval), the UE may transmit based on all of the multiple signals X, or may transmit based on some (one or more than all) of the multiple signals X. Note that, for transmissions based on all or some of the signals X, priority may be given to the trigger indicated by the signal X. For example, for transmissions based on all or some of the signals X, a later trigger may take priority, or an earlier trigger may take priority.

[0160] (1g): When two signals X are described as signal X1 and signal X2, and signal X1 is received and then signal X2 is received, the UE may execute the transmission corresponding to signal X1 before the transmission corresponding to signal X2. Alternatively, when signal X1 is received and then signal X2 is received, the UE may execute the transmission corresponding to signal X1 before the transmission corresponding to signal X2. Note that the transmission corresponding to signal X1 may be described as TX1, and the transmission corresponding to signal X2 may be described as TX2. Furthermore, the transmission corresponding to signal X1 may be the transmission indicated / set by signal X1.

[0161] By applying the above-mentioned restrictions, the transmission interval of signal X and / or the timing of the transmission operation corresponding to signal X can be clarified, and appropriate operations related to signal X can be performed taking into account the processing time related to the transmission and reception of signal X.

[0162] <1-3. Cast Type> As the cast type of the signal X, any one of the following three types 1h to 1j may be applied.

[0163] (1h): Signal X transmitted from a base station may be broadcast to one or more arbitrary UEs (e.g., UEs that can become int.UEs). In this case, there is no need to distinguish whether the destination of the transmission from the base station is a UE or a UE group including one or more UEs. In other words, a UE (e.g., UE #1 that can become int.UE) that receives signal X does not need to detect whether the received signal X is addressed to UE #1 or to a group to which UE #1 belongs. Also, in the case of (1h), signal X may be transmitted via SIB.

[0164] (1i): Signal X transmitted from the base station may be multicast to a group including one or more UEs (e.g., UEs that can become int.UEs). In this case, a UE that receives signal X (e.g., UE #1 that can become int.UE) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to the group to which UE #1 belongs. For example, UE #1 detects whether signal X is transmitted to the group to which UE #1 belongs based on information included in the signal (e.g., CRC (cyclic redundancy check)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code). Note that in the case of (1i), signal X may be included in the group-common PDSCH and / or the group-common PDCCH.

[0165] (1j): Signal X transmitted from the base station is unicast to a single UE (e.g., a UE that can be an int.UE). In this case, a certain UE (e.g., UE #1 that can be an int.UE) detects whether the received signal is transmitted to UE #1. For example, UE #1 detects whether signal X is transmitted to UE #1 based on information included in the signal (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) and / or resources used for the signal (e.g., at least one of time, frequency, and code).

[0166] By applying any of the transmission operations described above, it is possible to clarify the transmission operation, such as the signaling method and cast type of signal X. For example, by applying appropriate signaling, cast type, etc. as the transmission operation, signal X is appropriately transmitted to the int. UE that should receive signal X. Furthermore, by applying appropriate signaling, cast type, etc. as the transmission operation, the int. UE can appropriately perform the next operation (for example, a transmission operation to an A-IoT UE). Furthermore, by applying appropriate signaling, cast type, etc. as the transmission operation, it is possible to suppress waste of resources used for transmitting and receiving signal X and suppress an increase in overhead.

[0167] <Proposal 2. Contents of Signal X> Signal X includes at least one of information on scheduling, information on the difference between DT and DO-DTT, information on the difference between Topology 1 and Topology 2, and information on reporting from int. UE to the base station.

[0168] For example, the signal X carries at least one piece of information from items 2a to 2n below.

[0169] (2a): At least one of the following transmission timings (or transmission periods): - Transmission timing (or transmission period) of signal Y that wakes up the A-IoT UE - Transmission timing (or transmission period) of signal Z that transmits information to the A-IoT UE The transmission timing may be indicated by a time offset with respect to the reception timing of signal X. For example, the transmission timing of signal Y may be indicated by the time offset between the reception timing of signal X and signal Y. For example, the transmission timing of signal Z may be indicated by the time offset between the reception timing of signal X and signal Z. Note that signal Z does not contain information and may be a signal for backscattered UL transmission.

[0170] (2b): At least one of the following transmission resources (at least one transmission resource in the time, frequency, code domain, or spatial domain): Transmission resource of signal Y Transmission resource of signal Z The transmission resource may be indicated by an offset relative to the transmission resource of signal X.

[0171] In addition, with respect to signal Y, the above (2b) may indicate the time resource (e.g., slot) for transmitting signal Y, and (2a) may indicate the transmission timing of signal Y within the time resource indicated by (2b).

[0172] (2c): At least one of the following transmission powers: - Transmission power of signal Y - Transmission power of signal Z The transmission power may be indicated as an absolute value or as a value relative to a specific transmission power value.

[0173] (2d): At least one of the following information about the destination: A-IoT UE and / or cast type of the target (destination) of signal Y; A-IoT UE and / or cast type of the target (destination) of signal Z.

[0174] (2e): Information regarding the signal transmission method At least one of the signal format, information, waveform, modulation method, and encoding method of the signal Y At least one of the signal format, information, waveform, modulation method, and encoding method of the signal Z

[0175] (2f): Timing of report corresponding to signal X For example, the timing of report corresponding to signal X may be indicated by an offset between the reception timing of signal X and the report timing. Alternatively, the timing of report corresponding to signal X may be indicated by an offset between the transmission timing of signal Y or signal Z and the report timing. Alternatively, the timing of report corresponding to signal X may be indicated by an offset between the reception timing from the A-IoT UE and the report timing. Here, "timing" may be replaced with "time interval."

[0176] (2g): Transmission resource of the report corresponding to signal X (at least one transmission resource in the time, frequency, code domain, or spatial domain). The transmission resource may be indicated by an offset relative to the transmission resource of signal X.

[0177] (2h): Reported transmit power corresponding to signal X. The transmit power may be expressed as an absolute value or as a value relative to a specific transmit power.

[0178] (2i): Method of Reporting For example, information indicating at least one of which information to report, the number of reports to generate, and the number of bits to generate as a report may be included as information indicating the method of reporting.

[0179] (2j): Either DT or DO-DTT is required. The signal X may explicitly include information indicating that DT or DO-DTT is required. Furthermore, for example, if the reporting timing and / or the reporting resources are not provided, DT without a report from the int. UE to the base station is triggered. If the reporting timing and / or the reporting resources are provided, DO-DTT with a report from the int. UE to the base station is triggered. Here, the case where the reporting timing and / or the reporting resources are not provided may correspond to the case where the information regarding the reporting timing and / or the reporting resources is indicated to be 0.

[0180] (2k): Either Topology 1 or Topology 2 is requested. In other words, whether Topology 2 is requested or not. Signal X may explicitly include information indicating that Topology 1 or Topology 2 is requested. Furthermore, for example, Topology 1 is triggered when the transmission timing and / or transmission resources of signal Y and / or signal Z are not provided. The case where the transmission timing and / or transmission resources of signal Y are not provided corresponds to the case where transmission of signal Y is not instructed / configured. Topology 2 is triggered when the transmission timing and / or transmission resources of signal Y and / or signal Z are provided. Here, the case where the transmission timing and / or transmission resources of signal Y and / or signal Z are not provided may correspond to the case where information regarding the transmission timing and / or transmission resources of signal Y and / or signal Z is instructed to be 0. Furthermore, requesting Topology 2 corresponds to requesting the UE to operate as an int. UE.

[0181] (2l): Resource information for receiving subsequent stages when signal X consists of a set of multiple stages. For example, signal X of the first stage (e.g., signal X including DCI of the first stage) includes resource information for receiving signal X of at least one stage after the second stage.

[0182] (2m): Which UE becomes the int. UE and performs the operation corresponding to the int. UE? For example, identification information (e.g., UE ID) that specifies the UE that instructs the int. UE to perform the operation corresponding to the int. UE may be included in the signal X. For example, the destination of the multicast or unicast signal X may be the UE that instructs the int. UE to perform the operation corresponding to the int. UE.

[0183] (2n): At least one of the timing, time interval, and resource expected for receiving a signal from A-IoT. For example, in the case of DO-DTT, information (2n) is included. In other words, in the case of DT, information (2n) does not need to be included. For example, if information (2n) is included, it may be determined that DO-DTT is requested, and if information (2n) is not included, it may be determined that DO-DTT is not requested.

[0184] (Variations on Content) Different pieces of information listed above may be transmitted via different signaling methods. The signaling method may be any of 1a to 1c shown in <1-1. Signaling>. Also, multiple transmissions by the int. UE may be triggered by a single transmission from the base station to the int. UE. For example, two or more sets of the content shown in <2. Contents of Signal X> may be included in a single signal X.

[0185] By applying any of the contents of the signal X described above, the contents of the signal X (for example, information contained in the signal X) can be clarified. This allows sufficient instructions / settings to the int. UE, and the int. UE can perform the next operation (for example, transmission operation to the A-IoT UE). In addition, this prevents overlapping or excessive instructions / settings to the int. UE, thereby suppressing an increase in signaling overhead.

[0186] <Proposal 3. Transmission Operation Corresponding to Signal X> The int. UE transmits to one or more A-IoT UEs based on the information of signal X. For example, the transmission may correspond to the transmission method of signal X (e.g., the reception method of signal X by the int. UE). Illustratively, this may be one of the following cases 3a to 3c.

[0187] (3a): Case where int. UE receives broadcast signal X In this case, one of the following two operations is performed. 1. A UE capable of becoming an int. UE operates to transmit a signal corresponding to signal X to an A-IoT UE. Note that transmitting a signal corresponding to signal X corresponds to transmitting a signal instructed / configured by signal X. 2. A UE capable of becoming an int. UE decides whether to operate to transmit a signal corresponding to signal X to an A-IoT UE. For example, this decision is made based on at least one of information about signal X, measurement results (e.g., a comparison result between measured channel information (e.g., RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power)) and a threshold), and UE implementation. The criterion for this decision (e.g., a threshold to be compared with RSRP) may be specified in the specifications or may be configured / instructed by the NW (network) via SIB / RRC / MAC-CE / DCI.

[0188] (3b): Case where an int. UE receives a multicast signal X In this case, one of the following two operations is performed: 1. A UE that belongs to a group that is a target of multicast and has the capability to become an int. UE operates to transmit a signal corresponding to signal X to an A-IoT UE. 2. A UE that belongs to a group that is a target of multicast and has the capability to become an int. UE decides whether to operate to transmit a signal corresponding to signal X to an A-IoT UE. For example, this decision is made based on at least one of the information about signal X, measurement results (e.g., a comparison result between measured channel information (e.g., RSRP) and a threshold), and the implementation of the UE. The criteria for this decision (e.g., the threshold to be compared with RSRP) may be specified in the specifications or may be configured / instructed by the NW via SIB / RRC / MAC-CE / DCI.

[0189] (3c): Case where int. UE receives unicast signal X. In this case, the UE that is the destination of signal X and has the capability to become an int. UE operates to transmit a signal corresponding to signal X to the A-IoT UE.

[0190] By applying any of the transmission operations corresponding to the signal X described above, it is possible to clarify the transmission operation corresponding to the signal X. This allows the int. UE to appropriately transmit to the A-IoT UE in response to reception of the signal X.

[0191] <Proposal 4. UE Capability> A UE capable of becoming an int. UE may report its capability. For example, the capability may include any of the following information:

[0192] For example, capabilities for DT and DO-DTT may be reported together, or capabilities for DT and DO-DTT may be reported separately.

[0193] For example, the UE reports that it supports sidelink transmission / reception / synchronization. This report may be reported together with other information (e.g., a capability indicating that the UE has int.UE capability). For example, if the UE reports a capability indicating that it has int.UE capability, it may be assumed that it must also report that it supports sidelink transmission / reception / synchronization.

[0194] For example, a UE capable of being an int. UE for DT reports that it supports sidelink transmission / synchronization. This report may be reported together with other information (e.g., a capability indicating that the UE has the capability to be an int. UE for DT). For example, it may be assumed that if a UE reports a capability indicating that it has the capability to be an int. UE for DT, it must also report that it supports sidelink transmission / synchronization.

[0195] For example, a UE capable of being an int. UE for DO-DTT reports that it supports sidelink transmission / reception / synchronization. This report may be reported together with other information (e.g., a capability indicating that the UE is capable of being an int. UE for DO-DTT). For example, it may be assumed that if a UE reports a capability indicating that it is capable of being an int. UE for DO-DTT, it must also report that it supports sidelink transmission / reception / synchronization.

[0196] Capabilities for 1a, 1b, and 1c in the above <1-1. Signaling> may be reported. For example, capabilities for 1a, 1b, and 1c may be reported together or separately.

[0197] The capability for the combination of 1c in <1-1. Signaling> above and 3a in <3. Transmission operation corresponding to signal X>, the capability for the combination of 1i and 3b, and the capability for the combination of 1j and 3c may be reported together or separately.

[0198] Next, the configurations of the base station 10 and the device 20 will be described. Note that the configurations of the base station 10 and the device 20 described below are examples of functions related to this embodiment. The base station 10 and the device 20 may have functions not shown. Furthermore, the functional divisions and / or names of the functional units are not limited as long as the functions perform the operations related to this embodiment.

[0199] <Configuration of Base Station> Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes, for example, a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, and a control unit 103. The base station 10 communicates with the device 20 (see Fig. 14) by radio. The base station 10 may be an intermediate node, a support node, or a terminal (a terminal of an SL that communicates with the device 20).

[0200] The transmitter 101 transmits a downlink (DL) signal to the device 20. For example, the transmitter 101 transmits the DL signal under the control of the controller 103.

[0201] The DL signal may include, for example, a downlink data signal and control information (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information)). The DL signal may also include information indicating scheduling related to signal transmission of the device 20 (e.g., an UL grant). The DL signal may also include control information of higher layers (e.g., control information of RRC (Radio Resource Control)). The DL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0202] The channels used for transmitting DL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), and the control channel may include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). For example, the base station 10 transmits control information to the device 20 using the PDCCH and transmits downlink data signals using the PDSCH.

[0203] The reference signal included in the DL signal may include at least one of, for example, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information. For example, reference signals such as the DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating downlink data signals and are transmitted using the PDSCH.

[0204] The receiving unit 102 receives an uplink (UL) signal transmitted from the device 20. For example, the receiving unit 102 receives the UL signal under the control of the control unit 103.

[0205] The control unit 103 controls the communication operations of the base station 10, including the transmission processing of the transmission unit 101 and the reception processing of the reception unit 102. The control unit 103 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (note that these operations may be performed by the transmission unit 101 and / or the reception unit 102).

[0206] For example, the control unit 103 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 101. The control unit 103 also outputs the data, control information, etc. received from the receiving unit 102 to the upper layer.

[0207] For example, the control unit 103 allocates resources (or channels) used for transmitting and receiving DL signals and / or resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals based on signals (e.g., data and control information, etc.) received from the device 20, etc. and / or data and control information, etc. acquired from a higher layer. Information on the allocated resources may be included in control information transmitted to the device 20.

[0208] Here, the transmitting unit 101 and the receiving unit 102 (which may be collectively referred to as a communication unit) communicate with the device 20 .

[0209] In the case of Topology 2, an intermediate node (for example, the above-mentioned int.UE, an example of a device) that relays between the base station 10 and the device 20 exists. In this case, the transmitter 101 may transmit a DL signal to the device 20 via the intermediate node, and the receiver 102 may receive a UL signal from the device 20 via the intermediate node. In this case, the transmitter 101 may transmit a trigger (or instruction) to the intermediate node, and the receiver 102 may receive a signal (for example, a report) from the intermediate node. Furthermore, the signal transmitted to the intermediate node may correspond to the DL signal, and the signal transmitted from the intermediate node may correspond to the UL signal.

[0210] For example, in the case of Topology 1, the transmitter 101 may transmit a signal to wake up the device 20. In the case of Topology 2, the transmitter 101 may transmit a trigger to an intermediate node (e.g., the above-mentioned int.UE) between the base station 10 and the device 20.

[0211] Also, for example, in the case of DO-DTT in Topology 1, the receiver 102 may receive a signal (or information) from the device 20. In the case of Topology 2, the receiver 102 may receive a signal (or information) from an intermediate node (e.g., the int.UE described above) between the base station 10 and the device 20.

[0212] <Device Configuration> Fig. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the device 20 according to the embodiment. The device 20 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The device 20 communicates with, for example, the base station 10 wirelessly. The device 20 may be, for example, an A-IoT device or an A-IoT UE.

[0213] The receiving unit 201 receives a DL signal transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the receiving unit 201 receives the DL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0214] The transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal to the base station 10. For example, the transmitting unit 202 transmits the UL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0215] The UL signal may include, for example, an uplink data signal and control information (e.g., UCI (Uplink Control Information)). For example, information related to the processing capability of the device 20 (e.g., A-IoT capability) may be included. The UL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0216] The channels used for transmitting UL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), and the control channel may include a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel). For example, the device 20 transmits control information from the base station 10 using the PUCCH and transmits uplink data signals using the PUSCH.

[0217] The reference signal included in the UL signal may include, for example, at least one of a DMRS, a PTRS, a CSI-RS, an SRS, and a PRS. For example, the reference signal such as the DMRS or the PTRS is used for demodulating an uplink data signal and is transmitted using an uplink channel (for example, a PUSCH).

[0218] The control unit 203 controls communication operations of the device 20, including reception processing in the receiving unit 201 and transmission processing in the transmitting unit 202. For example, the control unit 203 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (note that these operations may be performed by the receiving unit 201 and / or the transmitting unit 202).

[0219] For example, the control unit 203 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 202. Also, the control unit 203 outputs, for example, the data and control information received from the receiving unit 201 to the upper layer.

[0220] Note that the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal are not limited to the above-mentioned examples. For example, the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal may include a Random Access Channel (RACH) and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). The RACH may be used to transmit DCI including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI), for example.

[0221] Here, the receiving unit 201 and the transmitting unit 202 (which may be collectively referred to as a communication unit) communicate with a network such as the base station 10. Note that the transmitting unit 202 does not necessarily have to be included in the device 20.

[0222] In the case of Topology 2, there is an intermediate node (for example, the above-mentioned int.UE, an example of a device) that relays between the base station 10 and the device 20. In this case, the transmitter 202 may transmit a UL signal to the base station 10 via the intermediate node, and the receiver 201 may receive a DL signal from the base station 10 via the intermediate node.

[0223] In the case of DT, the transmitter 202 does not transmit a signal to the base station 10 or an intermediate node. In this case, the device 20 may not have the transmitter 202.

[0224] In the case of DO-DTT in Topology 1, the transmitter 202 may transmit a signal to the base station 10. In the case of DO-DTT in Topology 2, the transmitter 202 may transmit a signal to an intermediate node (e.g., the int.UE described above) between the base station 10 and the device 20.

[0225] <Configuration of Intermediate Node> Fig. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the intermediate node 30 according to the embodiment. The intermediate node 30 (for example, an example of the above-mentioned int.UE, a UE capable of being an int.UE, or a UE that can become an int.UE) communicates between the base station 10 and the device 20 in Topology 2. Note that in the case of Topology 1, the intermediate node 30 does not need to be included in the wireless communication system according to the embodiment. The intermediate node 30 includes, for example, a receiving unit 301, a transmitting unit 302, and a control unit 303.

[0226] The receiver 301 receives a signal (e.g., signal X) transmitted from the base station 10. In the case of DO-DTT, the receiver 301 receives a signal transmitted from the device 20. For example, the receiver 301 receives the signal under the control of the controller 303.

[0227] The transmitting unit 302 transmits a signal (e.g., signal R) to the base station 10. The transmitting unit 302 also transmits a signal (e.g., signal X / signal Y) to the device 20. For example, the transmitting unit 302 transmits the signal under the control of the control unit 303.

[0228] The control unit 303 controls the communication operations of the intermediate node 30, including the reception processing in the receiving unit 301 and the transmission processing in the transmitting unit 302. For example, the control unit 303 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (note that these operations may be performed by the receiving unit 301 and / or the transmitting unit 302).

[0229] For example, the intermediate node 30 (an example of a terminal) includes a receiving unit 301 that receives a signal (e.g., signal X) from the base station 10, and a control unit 303 that controls the transmission of information (e.g., signal Y and / or signal Z) to a device 20 that communicates with the base station 10 via the intermediate node 30 based on the received signal.

[0230] The signal transmitted from the base station 10 is transmitted by at least one of RRC signaling, MAC-CE, and DCI.

[0231] The signal transmitted from the base station 10 includes information on at least one of the method of transmitting information to the device 20, the destination of the information to be transmitted to the device 20, and the method of reporting to the base station 10.

[0232] When a signal transmitted from the base station 10 is broadcast, the control unit 303 determines, based on the signal, whether or not to transmit information to the device 20. When the control unit 303 determines that a signal transmitted from the base station 10 is multicast and that the signal is addressed to a group to which the intermediate node 30 belongs, the control unit 303 determines, based on the signal, whether or not to transmit information to the device 20. When the control unit 303 determines that a signal transmitted from the base station 10 is unicast and that the signal is addressed to the intermediate node 30, the control unit 303 determines, based on the signal, whether or not to transmit information to the device 20.

[0233] Note that in the above description, the terms DL and UL are merely examples, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Transmission from the intermediate node 30 to the base station 10 may or may not be referred to as UL transmission. Transmission from the base station 10 to the intermediate node 30 may or may not be referred to as DL transmission. Transmission from the intermediate node 30 to the device 20 may or may not be referred to as DL transmission. Transmission from the device 20 to the intermediate node 30 may or may not be referred to as UL transmission.

[0234] The present disclosure has been described above. Note that the division of items in the above description is not essential to the present disclosure, and items described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (unless they are inconsistent).

[0235] <Hardware Configuration, etc.> The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (e.g., using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0236] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, assessment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0237] For example, a base station, a device, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station, a device, and an intermediate node according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10, device 20, and intermediate node may be physically configured as a computer including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0238] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configurations of the base station 10, the device 20, and the intermediate node 30 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0239] Each function in the base station 10, the device 20, and the intermediate node 30 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0240] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 103, control unit 203, and control unit 303 may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0241] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with the programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 103 of the base station 10, the control unit 203 of the device 20, and the control unit 303 of the intermediate node 30 may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similarly may be implemented for other functional blocks. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0242] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0243] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0244] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitter 101, receiver 102, receiver 201, transmitter 202, receiver 301, transmitter 302, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004.

[0245] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0246] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0247] Furthermore, the base station 10, the device 20, and the intermediate node 30 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0248] <Notification of Information, Signaling> Notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0249] <Applicable Systems> The embodiments described in the present disclosure are applicable to LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.34 (WiMAX (registered trademark The present invention may be applied to at least one of systems using 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. The present invention may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE and / or LTE-A with 5G).

[0250] <Processing Procedures, etc.> The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0251] <Operation of Base Station> In the present disclosure, specific operations described as being performed by a base station may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0252] <Direction of Input / Output> Information, etc. (see <Information, Signal>) can be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer). It may also be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0253] <Handling of Input / Output Information, etc.> Input / output information, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input / output information, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, etc. may be deleted. Input information, etc. may be sent to another device.

[0254] <Determination method> The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0255] <Variations of Aspects, etc.> Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. In addition, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0256] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0257] <Software> Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0258] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0259] Information, Signals, etc., described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0260] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0261] <System, Network> As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0262] <Parameter and Channel Names> Furthermore, the information, parameters, and the like described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0263] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0264] <Base Station> In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0265] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a remote radio head (RRH)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

[0266] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0267] Mobile Station In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0268] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0269] <Base Station / Mobile Station> At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be an autonomous mobile object operating based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0270] Furthermore, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device) or V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the device 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0271] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be read as a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the device 20 described above.

[0272] Fig. 17 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 17, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0273] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0274] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0275] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0276] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc.

[0277] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0278] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0279] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0280] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0281] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021 to 2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021 to 2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0282] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0283] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0284] <Meaning and Interpretation of Terms> As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining something that is considered to be a "judging" or "determining," and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like that are considered to be a "judging" or "determining." Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0285] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0286] <Reference Signal> A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may also be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0287] <Meaning of "based on"> As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0288] "First," "Second" Any reference to an element using designations such as "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0289] <Means> The "means" in the configuration of each device above may be replaced with "section," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0290] Open Format: When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0291] <Time Units such as TTI, Frequency Units such as RB, and Radio Frame Configuration> A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0292] Numerology may be a communication parameter that applies to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate, for example, at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0293] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol). A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0294] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0295] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0296] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0297] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0298] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0299] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0300] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0301] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0302] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0303] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0304] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0305] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0306] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0307] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0308] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0309] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0310] <Maximum Transmit Power> The "maximum transmit power" in the present disclosure may refer to the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0311] Articles In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0312] <"Different"> In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." Note that the term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0313] One aspect of the present disclosure is useful in wireless communication systems.

[0314] 10 Base station 20 Device 30 Intermediate node 101, 202, 302 Transmitter 102, 201, 301 Receiver 103, 203, 303 Controller

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives a signal from a base station; and a control unit that controls transmission of information to an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device that communicates with the base station via the terminal based on the signal.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the signal is transmitted by at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control - Control Element (MAC-CE), and Downlink Control Information (DCI).

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the signal includes information related to at least one of a method for transmitting the information, a destination of the information, and a method for reporting to the base station.

4. The control unit according to claim 1, when the signal is broadcast, determines whether to perform the transmission of the information to the A-IoT device based on the signal; when the signal is multicast and it is determined that the signal is addressed to a group to which the terminal belongs, determines whether to perform the transmission of the information to the A-IoT device based on the signal; when the signal is unicast and it is determined that the signal is addressed to the terminal, determines whether to perform the transmission of the information to the A-IoT device based on the signal.

5. A wireless communication system comprising: a base station that transmits a signal to a terminal; and the terminal that receives the signal and controls transmission of information to an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device that communicates with the base station via the terminal based on the signal.

6. A communication method in which a terminal receives a signal from a base station and controls transmission of information to an Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device that communicates with the base station via the terminal based on the signal.

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