Quality of service management method and related device

Abstract

A quality of service (QoS) management method and a related device, for use in enabling QoS indicated by a first communication device to serve as a control policy for multiple service types, and enabling a receiver of the QoS to ensure service requirements and service output requirements on the basis of the QoS. In the method, a first communication device determines first information, wherein the first information is used for indicating first QoS of a service, the service is everything as a service (XaaS), outputs of the service comprise at least one type of output, and the first QoS of the service comprises the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs among the at least one type of output; and the first communication device sends the first information.

Description

A method and related device for managing service quality

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on February 8, 2024, with application number 202410178283.2 and application name “A method and related device for service quality management”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and related apparatus for managing quality of service. Background Art

[0003] In wireless communication networks, communication signals transmitted between different communication devices can be used to carry data. In this way, communication devices can obtain corresponding network services through data. To improve data transmission quality, a policy control function (PCF) can determine and issue control policies for transmitting communication signals between various communication devices.

[0004] Currently, in new radio (NR) scenarios, data transmission is used to provide connection services for terminal devices. For example, the communication network can provide this connection service to the terminal device through a protocol data unit (PDU) session. Accordingly, the control policy determined by the PCF is mainly used to configure the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the communication links between different communication devices on the PDU session, including the communication links between the terminal device and the access network device, and the communication links between the access network device and the user plane functional network element in the core network.

[0005] However, with the development of communication networks, the services provided through communication networks may not be limited to connection services. Accordingly, the services are no longer provided in the form of PDU Sessions, which makes the control strategy determined by the above PCF no longer applicable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a method for service quality management, which is used to enable the service QoS indicated by the first communication device to serve as a control strategy for multiple service types, and also enable the recipient of the service QoS to achieve service demand guarantee and service output demand guarantee based on the service QoS.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for service quality management, which is performed by a first communication device, which may be a communication device, or the first communication device may be a component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or the first communication device may also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication device. In this method, the first communication device determines first information, which is used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs in the at least one type of output; and the first communication device sends the first information.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the first information determined and sent by the first communication device is used to indicate the first service QoS. The first service QoS includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs in at least one type of output included in the output of the service. The service type of the service provided by the communication network may not be limited to the connection service. Since the QoS of the service included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand (or overall demand) of services of different service types, the QoS of at least one type of output included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand for the output of a certain type of service, so that the service QoS indicated by the first communication device can be used as a control strategy for multiple service types, and the recipient of the service QoS can also achieve service demand guarantee and service output demand guarantee based on the service QoS.

[0009] In this application, the service may be everything as a service (XaaS). For example, the service may include at least one of network as a service (NaaS), computing as a service (CaaS), sensing as a service (SaaS), artificial intelligence (AI) as a service (AIaaS), and data as a service (DaaS).

[0010] Optionally, the service may also include other services, such as other types of services that may appear / be defined in future networks.

[0011] It should be understood that the first communication device is a communication device that determines the service QoS. For example, the first communication device may be a PCF network element, or the first communication device may be a network element / device with PCF functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0012] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sending, by the first communication device, of the first information includes: the first communication device sending part or all of the first information to the second communication device.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can send part or all of the first information to the second communication device, where the second communication device can be used to determine the task QoS based on the service QoS. The second communication device can then determine the task QoS for one or more tasks corresponding to the service based on the first service QoS, thereby providing control policies for each task using the task QoS.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving scheduling information of the service from a fifth communication device, where the scheduling information is used to determine the second communication device.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can also receive orchestration information from the fifth communication device, which can be used to indicate the coordinated scheduling between the various tasks corresponding to the service. Accordingly, the first communication device can determine the second communication device corresponding to each task based on the orchestration information, so that the first communication device can send part or all of the first information to the second communication device participating in the task processing indicated by the orchestration information.

[0016] Optionally, the first communication device may also send the first information to one or more second communication devices managed / controlled / connected by the first communication device. Subsequently, the different second communication devices may interact with each other to determine one or more second communication devices that will perform one or more tasks corresponding to the service. In this manner, the first communication device does not need to determine the second communication device based on the orchestration information, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the first communication device.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sending, by the first communication apparatus, the first information includes: the first communication apparatus sending the first information to a fifth communication apparatus.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can send part or all of the first information to the fifth communication device, where the fifth communication device can determine the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS. Thus, the fifth communication device can determine the orchestration information corresponding to the service based on the first service QoS, and use the orchestration information to indicate the coordinated scheduling between the various tasks.

[0019] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, before the first communication device sends the first information to the fifth communication device, the method also includes: the first communication device receives first request information from the fifth communication device, the first request information is used to request the first information, and the first request information includes a service identifier of the service.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can send the first information to the fifth communication device based on the first request information of the fifth communication device. The first request information may include the service identifier of the service. In this way, the solution can be applied to the scenario where the fifth communication device initiates a request to obtain service QoS.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sending, by the first communication device, the first information includes: the first communication device sending the first information to a unified data repository (UDR).

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can send first information indicating the first service QoS to the UDR, and the UDR can be used for data storage so that other devices can subsequently obtain the service QoS through the UDR.

[0023] Optionally, the network element used for data storage may be a UDR, or may be replaced by other network elements / devices, such as other network elements / devices defined in future standards, which are not limited here.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, before the first communication device determines the first information, the method also includes: the first communication device sends indication information for indicating the second service QoS of the service; the first communication device receives second request information, and the second request information is used to request an update of the second service QoS; wherein the first service QoS of the service is determined based on the service requirements of the service and the second service QoS.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can also send the second service QoS of the service, and when the current resources do not meet the second service QoS (for example, the second communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the second service QoS, resulting in the inability to generate task QoS, and the fifth communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the second service QoS, resulting in the inability to generate orchestration information), the first communication device can receive a second request information for requesting to update the second service QoS, and update it based on the requirements of the service and the second service QoS to obtain the first service QoS.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving subscription information of the service from an endpoint management function (EMF), and the first service QoS of the service is determined based on the service requirements of the service and the subscription information of the service.

[0027] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can determine the first service QoS of the service based on the service requirements of the service and the subscription information indicated by the EMF, so that the data transmission process implemented by the first service QoS of other subsequent nodes can meet the service requirements of the service and the subscription content indicated by the subscription information.

[0028] Optionally, the subscription information of the service includes at least one of the following: node type, subscription service type, and service priority information.

[0029] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for service quality management, which is performed by a second communication device, which can be a communication device, or the second communication device can be a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip or chip system, etc.), or the second communication device can also be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the communication device. In this method, the second communication device receives first information from the first communication device, and the first information is used to indicate the first service QoS of the service; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, K is a positive integer; the second communication device sends second information, and the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks or the resource QoS of the K tasks, and the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0030] Based on the above technical solution, the first information received by the second communication device is used to indicate the first service QoS. The first service QoS includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs contained in the output of the service. Thereafter, the second communication device may send a second information indicating the task QoS of the K tasks or the resource QoS of the K tasks. The service type of the service provided by the communication network may not be limited to the connection service. Since the QoS of the service contained in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand (or overall demand) of services of different service types, the QoS of at least one first type of output contained in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand for the output of a certain type of service; so that the service QoS indicated by the first communication device can be used as a control strategy for multiple service types, it can also enable the second communication device to achieve service demand guarantee and service output demand guarantee through the task QoS and resource QoS indicated by the second information.

[0031] Optionally, the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service.

[0032] It should be understood that when the second information sent by the second communication device may include task QoS, the second communication device is a communication device that determines task QoS based on service QoS. The second communication device may be a task anchor (TA), or a network element / device with TA functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0033] It should be understood that when the second information sent by the second communication device may include resource QoS, the second communication device is a communication device that determines resource QoS based on service QoS. The second communication device may be a TA with TS functionality, or a network element / device (e.g., an access network element / access network device) with both TA and TS functionality.

[0034] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the output of each of the K tasks includes at least one second type of output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task, and the QoS of some or all of the second type of outputs in the at least one second type of output.

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, the second information sent by the second communication device can include the task QoS of K tasks, and the task QoS of each task can include the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all of the second type of output. In this way, the task QoS indicated by the second information by the second communication device can achieve the required guarantee of the task and the required guarantee of the task output.

[0036] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; wherein, the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0037] Optionally, resource QoS may include QoS of one or more types of resources, wherein the one or more types of resources may include connection resources, computing resources, data resources, or algorithm resources (or model resources), etc.

[0038] Optionally, the resource QoS of each subtask includes one or more QoS characteristics, and a QoS parameter corresponding to each QoS characteristic.

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the second information sent by the second communication device may include the resource QoS of K tasks, where each of the K tasks may include one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks may include the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks. In this way, the resource QoS of the subtasks of each task can be determined, so that subsequent service data can achieve the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0040] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service, including: the task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service and at least one of the following: the orchestration information of the service, and the task QoS template.

[0041] Based on the above technical solution, the basis for determining the task QoS by the second communication device may include not only the service QoS of the service but also the orchestration information of the service. In this way, the second communication device can determine the collaborative scheduling between the tasks determined by the orchestration information to achieve the determination of the task QoS of each task.

[0042] And / or, the second communication device may determine the task QoS based on a task QoS template in addition to the service QoS of the service. In this way, the task QoS can be quickly determined to reduce processing delay.

[0043] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving orchestration information of the service from a fifth communication device.

[0044] Based on the above technical solution, the second communication device can receive scheduling information from the fifth communication device, which can be used to indicate the coordinated scheduling between the tasks corresponding to the service, so as to determine the task QoS corresponding to each task based on the scheduling information.

[0045] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, before the second communication device receives the orchestration information (e.g., first orchestration information) of the service from the fifth communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device receives second orchestration information of the service from the fifth communication device; and the second communication device sends third request information to the fifth communication device, where the third request information is used to request an update of the second orchestration information.

[0046] Based on the above technical solution, the second communication device can also receive the second orchestration information of the service, and when the current resources do not meet the second orchestration information (for example, the second communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the task collaborative scheduling indicated by the second orchestration information), the second communication device can send a third request information for requesting to update the second orchestration information and obtain the updated first orchestration information.

[0047] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes: the second communication device determining the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS of the service.

[0048] Based on the above technical solution, the second communication device can determine the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS. Accordingly, the second communication device can determine the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS. In this way, the second communication device can locally determine the orchestration information of the service, thereby reducing overhead.

[0049] In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the task QoS template satisfies any of the following:

[0050] The task QoS template is determined based on device information of one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device;

[0051] The task QoS template is determined based on the service QoS of the service historically processed by the second communication device, the scheduling information of the historically processed service, and the task QoS of the historically processed service;

[0052] The task QoS template is determined based on feedback information of the task QoS processed historically by one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, the task QoS template used to determine the task QoS can be implemented through any of the above items to improve the flexibility of the solution implementation.

[0054] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, before the second communication device receives part or all of the first information from the first communication device, the method also includes: the second communication device receives fourth request information, the fourth request information is used to request the service, and the fourth request information includes a service identifier of the service; the second communication device sends fifth request information to the EMF based on the fourth request information, and the fifth request information is used to request the service; the second communication device receives the identifier or address of the first communication device from the EMF.

[0055] Based on the above technical solution, after the second communication device receives the fourth request information for requesting the service, the second communication device can send the fifth request information for requesting the service based on the fourth request information, and obtain the identification or address of the first communication device indicated by the recipient of the fifth request information, so that the second communication device can determine the first communication device that provides the service QoS. Subsequently, the second communication device can request the service QoS of the service from the first communication device using the identification or address of the first communication device.

[0056] In a third aspect of the present application, a method for service quality management is provided, which is performed by a third communication device, which may be a communication device, or the third communication device may be a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or the third communication device may also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication device. In this method, the third communication device receives second information, which is used to indicate the task QoS of K tasks, where the K tasks are used to provide service data for a service, and K is a positive integer; and the third communication device sends third information, which is used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, where the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0057] Based on the above technical solution, the second information received by the third communication device can be used to indicate the task QoS of K tasks. Thereafter, the third communication device can determine and send third information indicating the resource QoS of the K tasks based on the task QoS of the K tasks. The recipient of the subsequent third information can be based on the resource QoS of the K tasks. In this way, the resource QoS of the subtasks of each task can be determined, allowing the recipient of the third information to process based on the resource QoS of the K tasks, so that subsequent service data can achieve the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0058] Optionally, the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service.

[0059] Optionally, resource QoS may include QoS of one or more types of resources, wherein the one or more types of resources may include connection resources, computing resources, data resources, or algorithm resources (or model resources), etc.

[0060] It should be understood that the third communication device is a communication device that determines resource QoS based on task QoS. The third communication device may be a TS, or a network element / device with TS functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0061] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the output of each of the K tasks includes at least one type of output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all types of output among the at least one type of output.

[0062] Based on the above technical solution, the task QoS of each task may include the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all types of outputs. In this way, the task QoS indicated by the second information by the second communication device can achieve the demand guarantee of the task and the demand guarantee of the task output.

[0063] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for quality of service management, which is performed by a fourth communication device, which may be a communication device, or may be a component of a communication device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system), or may be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication device. In this method, the fourth communication device receives third information, which is used to indicate the resource QoS of the task; the fourth communication device performs processing based on the resource QoS.

[0064] Based on the above technical solution, the third information received by the fourth communication device can be used to indicate the resource QoS of the task. Thereafter, the fourth communication device can perform processing based on the resource QoS. In this way, the resource QoS of each subtask of each task can be determined, allowing the fourth communication device to process based on the resource QoS of the K tasks, so that subsequent service data can meet the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0065] Optionally, resource QoS may include QoS of one or more types of resources, wherein the one or more types of resources may include connection resources, computing resources, data resources, or algorithm resources (or model resources), etc.

[0066] Optionally, the resource QoS of each subtask includes one or more QoS characteristics, and a QoS parameter corresponding to each QoS characteristic.

[0067] It should be understood that the fourth communication device is a communication device that performs processing based on resource QoS. The fourth communication device may be a task executor (TE), or a network element / terminal device / network device with TE functionality.

[0068] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a method for service quality management, which is performed by a fifth communication device, which may be a communication device, or the fifth communication device may be a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip or chip system, etc.), or the fifth communication device may also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the communication device. In this method, the fifth communication device receives first information, which is used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs in the at least one type of output; the service QoS of the service is used to determine first orchestration information of the service; and the fifth communication device sends the first orchestration information of the service to the second communication device.

[0069] Based on the above technical solution, the first information received by the fifth communication device can be used to indicate the first service QoS of the service, wherein the first service QoS includes the QoS of the service and the QoS of some or all types of outputs of at least one type of output included in the output of the service. The service type of the service provided by the communication network may not be limited to the connection service. Since the QoS of the service included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand (or overall demand) of services of different service types, the QoS of at least one type of output included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand for the output of a certain type of service, so that the fifth communication device can achieve demand guarantee for the service and demand guarantee for the output of the service based on the orchestration information determined by the service QoS.

[0070] Optionally, the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service.

[0071] It should be understood that the fifth communication device is a communication device that determines the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS. The fifth communication device may be a network AI management and orchestration (NAMO), or the second communication device may be a network element / device with NAMO functionality.

[0072] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer, and the first orchestration information includes at least one of the following: identifiers of the K tasks, routing information of the data provided by the K tasks, and an identifier / address of the second communication device.

[0073] Based on the above technical solution, when the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, the orchestration information of the service may include at least one of the above items to implement an indication of coordinated scheduling of each task through the at least one item.

[0074] Optionally, the third information further includes at least one piece of orchestration information, which is backup orchestration information for the first orchestration information. In this manner, backup orchestration information can be provided so that when resources are insufficient for scheduling based on the first orchestration information, tasks can be coordinated and scheduled using the backup orchestration information to improve processing efficiency.

[0075] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, before the fifth communication device receives the first information, it includes: the fifth communication device receives request information for requesting the service, and the request information includes the service identifier of the service; the fifth communication device sends first request information based on the request information, and the first request information is used to request the first information, and the first request information includes the service identifier of the service.

[0076] Optionally, the request information for requesting a service may come from a service requester, a service user, an over-the-top (OTT) manufacturer's device, or the like.

[0077] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can send the first request information based on the request information used to request the service, so that the recipient of the first request information can send the first information to the fifth communication device based on the first request information. Through the above method, the solution can be applied to the scenario where the fifth communication device obtains the service QoS based on the request.

[0078] Optionally, the request information for requesting the service includes usecase information of the service, and at least one of the following: APP identification, service requester identification, Internet protocol (IP) information of the service requester and the service provider, and a fully qualified domain name (FQDN).

[0079] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, before the fifth communication device receives the first information, it includes: the fifth communication device receives indication information for indicating the second service QoS of the service; the fifth communication device sends second request information to the first communication device, and the second request information is used to request to update the second service QoS.

[0080] Based on the above technical solution, the fifth communication device can also receive the second service QoS of the service, and when the current resources do not meet the second service QoS (for example, the fifth communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the second service QoS and the orchestration information cannot be generated), the fifth communication device can send a second request information for requesting to update the second service QoS, so that the first communication device can be updated based on the requirements of the service and the second service QoS to obtain the first service QoS.

[0081] In a possible implementation of the fifth aspect, before the fifth communication device sends part or all of the third information, the method further includes: the fifth communication device sends second orchestration information of the service to the second communication device; and the fifth communication device receives fifth request information from the second communication device, where the fifth request information is used to request an update of the second orchestration information.

[0082] Based on the above technical solution, the fifth communication device can also send second orchestration information of the service, and when the current resources do not meet the second orchestration information (for example, the second communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the task collaborative scheduling indicated by the second orchestration information), the second communication device can send a fifth request information for requesting to update the second orchestration information, so that the fifth communication device obtains the updated first orchestration information based on the fifth request information.

[0083] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a first communication device, which is a communication device or a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, chip system, logic module, or software, etc.). The device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the processing unit is used to determine first information, the first information is used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service is XaaS; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs in the at least one type of output; the transceiver unit is used to send the first information.

[0084] In the seventh aspect of the present application, a second communication device is provided, which is a communication device or a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, chip system, logic module or software, etc.). The device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is used to receive a first information from the first communication device, the first information is used to indicate the first service QoS of the service; wherein the service includes at least one service of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, AI as a service and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs of the at least one first type of output; the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, K is a positive integer; the processing unit is used to determine the second information; the transceiver unit is also used to send the second information, the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks or the resource QoS of the K tasks, and the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0085] In an eighth aspect of the present application, a third communication device is provided, which is a communication device or a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, chip system, logic module or software, etc.). The device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is used to receive a second information, the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of K tasks, the K tasks are used to provide service data of the service, K is a positive integer; wherein the service includes at least one service of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, AI as a service and data as a service; the processing unit is used to determine the third information; the transceiver unit is also used to send a third information, the third information is used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0086] In a ninth aspect of the present application, a fourth communication device is provided, which is a communication device or a partial component (e.g., a processor, a chip, a chip system, a logic module, or software) in the communication device. The device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the transceiver unit being configured to receive third information indicating resource QoS of a task; and the processing unit being configured to perform processing based on the resource QoS.

[0087] In the tenth aspect of the present application, a fifth communication device is provided, which is a communication device or a partial component in the communication device (such as a processor, chip, chip system, logic module or software, etc.). The device includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate the first service quality of service QoS of the service; wherein the service includes at least one service of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, artificial intelligence AI as a service and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all types of outputs in the at least one type of output; the processing unit is used to determine the first orchestration information based on the service QoS of the service; the transceiver unit is also used to send the first orchestration information of the service to the second communication device.

[0088] In an eleventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising at least one processor, wherein the memory is used to store programs or instructions; the at least one processor is used to execute the program or instructions so that the device implements the method described in any possible implementation method of any one of the first to fifth aspects.

[0089] A twelfth aspect of the present application provides a communication device comprising at least one logic circuit and an input / output interface; the logic circuit is used to execute the method described in any possible implementation method of any one of the first to fifth aspects above.

[0090] A thirteenth aspect of the present application provides a communication system, which includes the above-mentioned first communication device and one or more second communication devices.

[0091] Optionally, the communication system further includes one or more third communication devices.

[0092] Optionally, the communication system further includes one or more fourth communication devices.

[0093] Optionally, the communication system further includes one or more fifth communication devices.

[0094] In the fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store one or more computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the method described in any possible implementation of any aspect of the first to fifth aspects above.

[0095] The fifteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product (or computer program). When the computer program in the computer program product is executed by the processor, the processor executes the method described in any possible implementation of any one of the first to fifth aspects above.

[0096] In a sixteenth aspect, the present application provides a chip system comprising at least one processor for supporting a communication device to implement the method described in any possible implementation of any one of the first to fifth aspects.

[0097] In one possible design, the chip system may further include a memory for storing program instructions and data necessary for the communication device. The chip system may be composed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete components. Optionally, the chip system may further include an interface circuit for providing program instructions and / or data to the at least one processor.

[0098] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any design method in the sixth to sixteenth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by the different design methods in the above-mentioned first to fifth aspects, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0099] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the present application;

[0100] Figures 2a to 2e are some schematic diagrams of the communication system provided by this application;

[0101] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a PDU session involved in this application;

[0102] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a method for managing quality of service provided by this application;

[0103] Figures 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of some application scenarios of the method for quality of service management provided by this application;

[0104] 6a to 6c are some schematic diagrams of application examples of the method for quality of service management provided by this application;

[0105] 7 to 10 are some schematic diagrams of the communication device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0106] First, some of the terms used in the embodiments of the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0107] (1) Configuration and pre-configuration: In this application, configuration and pre-configuration will be used at the same time. Configuration refers to the network equipment such as base stations or servers sending some parameter configuration information or parameter values ​​to the terminal through messages or signaling, so that the terminal can determine the communication parameters or resources during transmission based on these values ​​or information. Pre-configuration is similar to configuration. It can be a way for network equipment such as base stations or servers to send parameter information or values ​​to the terminal through a communication link or carrier; it can also be a way to give the definition of corresponding parameters or parameter values ​​in the standard, or by setting the relevant parameters or values ​​in the terminal device in advance. This application does not limit this. Furthermore, these values ​​and parameters can be changed or updated.

[0108] (2) In this application, “used for indication” can include direct indication and indirect indication. When describing that a certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that the indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A.

[0109] In this application, the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as the information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated. For example, it can be implemented by direct indication, such as by indicating the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. It can also be implemented by indirectly indicating other information, wherein there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can also be achieved with the help of the arrangement order of each information agreed in advance (for example, stipulated in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent.

[0110] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in this application. Among them, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be pre-defined, for example, pre-defined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. Among them, the configuration information can, for example, but not limited to, include one or a combination of at least two of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, media access control (MAC) layer signaling and physical layer signaling. Among them, MAC layer signaling, for example, includes MAC control element (CE); physical layer signaling, for example, includes downlink control information (DCI).

[0111] (3) Reference signal (RS). In a communication system, it is necessary to estimate the uplink or downlink channel in order to send and receive data, obtain system synchronization, and feedback channel information. Channel estimation refers to the process of reconstructing or recovering the received signal in order to compensate for the signal distortion caused by channel fading and noise fading. It uses reference signals known in advance by the transmitter and receiver to track the time and frequency domain changes of the channel. The above-mentioned reference signals are also called reference signals. They are distributed on different resource elements (REs) in the two-dimensional space of time and frequency within the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol and have known amplitude and phase.

[0112] (4) The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application can be used interchangeably. "At least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of A, B and C" includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC or ABC. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, timing, priority or importance of multiple objects.

[0113] (5) “Sending” and “receiving” in the embodiments of the present application indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, “sending information to device X” can be understood as the destination of the information being device X, which can include direct sending through the air interface, as well as indirect sending through the air interface by other units or modules. “Receiving information from device Y” can be understood as the source of the information being device Y, which can include direct receiving from device Y through the air interface, as well as indirect receiving from device Y through the air interface from other units or modules. “Sending” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receiving” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface.

[0114] For example, let's take the communication process between entity A and entity B as an example. In this application, when entity A sends information to entity B, it can be A sending it directly to B, or A sending it to B indirectly through another entity. Similarly, when entity B receives information from entity A, it can be entity B receiving the information sent by entity A directly, or entity B receiving the information sent by entity A indirectly through another entity. Entities A and B here can be RAN nodes or terminals, or modules within a RAN node or terminal. The sending and receiving of information can be information exchange between a RAN node and a terminal, for example, information exchange between a base station and a terminal; the sending and receiving of information can also be information exchange between two RAN nodes, for example, information exchange between a CU and a DU; the sending and receiving of information can also be information exchange between different modules within a device, for example, information exchange between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or information exchange between a base station chip and other modules in the base station.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system 1000 used in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network 200. Optionally, the communication system 1000 may also include the Internet 300. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (such as 110a and 110b in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 110), and may also include at least one terminal (such as 120a-120j in Figure 1, collectively referred to as 120). The RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1). The terminal 120 is connected to the RAN node 110 wirelessly, and the RAN node 110 is connected to the core network 200 wirelessly or by wire. The core network equipment in the core network 200 and the RAN node 110 in the RAN 100 may be independent and different physical devices, or they may be the same physical device that integrates the logical functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the RAN node. Terminals and RAN nodes may be connected to each other via wired or wireless means.

[0116] RAN100 may be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) system, a new radio (NR) system, or a future radio access system defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). RAN100 may also include two or more of the aforementioned different radio access systems. RAN100 may also be an open RAN (O-RAN).

[0117] A RAN node, also known as a radio access network device, RAN entity, or access node, facilitates wireless access to a communication system by a terminal. In one application scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system, a next-generation base station in a sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a base station in a future mobile communication system. A RAN node can be a macro base station (such as 110a in Figure 1), a micro base station, an indoor station (such as 110b in Figure 1), a relay node, or a donor node.

[0118] In another application scenario, multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to help terminals achieve wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing portions of the base station's functions. For example, a RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). The CU implements the base station's radio resource control protocol and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, as well as the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions. The DU implements the base station's radio link control layer and medium access control (MAC) layer functions, as well as some or all of the physical layer functions. For detailed descriptions of each of the above protocol layers, please refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications. The RU can be used to implement the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. The CU and DU can be two independent RAN nodes, or they can be integrated into the same RAN node, such as in a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) or an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU can be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: CU-control plane and CU-user plane.

[0119] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN or ORAN) system, CU may also be called O-CU (open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0120] The communication between the access network device and the terminal device follows a certain protocol layer structure. The protocol layer may include a control plane protocol layer and a user plane protocol layer. The control plane protocol layer may include at least one of the following: a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer, or a physical (PHY) layer. The user plane protocol layer may include at least one of the following: a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or a physical layer.

[0121] For the correspondence between network elements in the ORAN system and their achievable protocol layer functions, please refer to Table 1 below.

[0122] Table 1

[0123] For ease of description, a base station is taken as an example of a RAN node for description below.

[0124] A terminal can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can send signals to a base station or receive signals from a base station. A terminal can also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. A terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.

[0125] Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of base stations and terminals.

[0126] The roles of base stations and terminals can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 1 can be configured as a mobile base station. To terminals 120j accessing the wireless access network 100 via 120i, terminal 120i is a base station. However, to base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, meaning that communication between 110a and 120i occurs via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, communication between 110a and 120i can also occur via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, 120i is also a base station relative to 110a. Therefore, base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be referred to as communication devices with base station functionality, while 120a-120j in Figure 1 can be referred to as communication devices with terminal functionality.

[0127] Communication between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals can be carried out through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; communication can be carried out through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0128] In the embodiments of the present application, the functions of the base station may also be performed by a module (such as a chip) in the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes the base station functions. The control subsystem that includes the base station functions here may be a control center in the above-mentioned application scenarios such as smart grid, industrial control, smart transportation, and smart city. The functions of the terminal may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or modem) in the terminal, or by a device that includes the terminal functions.

[0129] Optionally, the core network's primary function is to provide user connections, manage users, and carry services, acting as a bearer network to provide an interface to external networks. Establishing user connections includes functions such as mobility management (MM), call management (CM), switching / routing, and recorded notifications (combined with intelligent network services to complete connections to intelligent network peripheral devices). User management includes user descriptions, QoS (including descriptions of user service QoS), user communication records (Accounting), VHE (virtual home environment) (dialogue with the intelligent network platform provides a virtual home environment), and security (the authentication center provides corresponding security measures, including security management of mobile services and security processing for external network access). Bearer connections (Access to) include those to the external PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), external circuit data networks and packet data networks, the Internet and Intranets (corporate intranets), as well as the mobile's own SMS (Short Message Service) server, etc. The basic services that the core network can provide include mobile office, e-commerce, communications, entertainment services, travel and location-based services, telemetry services - simple messaging services (monitoring and control), etc.

[0130] It should be noted that the present application can be applied to a long term evolution (LTE) system, a new radio (NR) system, or a communication system evolved after 5G (such as 6G, 7G, etc.).

[0131] As an example, in the example shown in Figure 2a, taking the 6G system as an example, the 6G system may include the 6G core network (6GC), the 6G radio access network (6G-RAN), etc. To facilitate task processing, the 6G-RAN may include one or more cluster nodes (cNodes) and one or more service nodes (sNodes). For example, a cNode is a regional centralized coordination node for multiple service nodes, providing task-related signaling interaction functions. An sNode is a service node that provides task scheduling and execution functions.

[0132] Optionally, 6GC may include core network elements / core network devices such as network access function (NAF), connection function control (CF-C), connection function user (CF-U), and task anchor function (TCF).

[0133] As an example, the example shown in FIG2b can be used to reflect the 6G core network architecture, which may include one or more of the following core network elements / core network devices:

[0134] Unified data management (UDM), PCF, trusted anchor agent (TAA), mobility management (MM), TCF, task process function (TPF), CF-C, CF-U, etc.

[0135] For example, TCF can provide the task anchor function on the core network side, TPF can provide the scheduling and execution functions of the core network side tasks, CF-C and CF-U can provide the control plane and user plane functions of the connection respectively, MM can provide the UE mobility management function, save the UE location information, etc.

[0136] For example, consider a terminal device (UE) and a network device (base station). Different devices can communicate with each other, for example, between the UE and the base station, between base stations, and between base stations and core network elements (such as the TCF). Messages are sent between the UE and the base station over the wireless air interface (Uu interface). The protocol stack includes control plane protocols and user plane protocols. The control plane handles signaling exchanges, while the user plane handles data exchanges.

[0137] As another example, in the example shown in Figure 2c, a control plane protocol stack and a user plane protocol stack are included between the UE and the base station. The task resource control (TRC) of the control plane can be an enhancement of the RRC layer, which is based on the existing radio resource control function and adds control functions for tasks such as AI, computing, and data processing. The task resource scheduling (TRS) of the user plane can be evolved by enhancing the MAC layer. For example, a computing power scheduling function is added to the existing air interface resource scheduling function of the MAC layer. In addition, a task resource data (TRD) layer can be added above the SDAP layer to provide task-related AI training / inference / model processing functions (compression / pruning / quantization / security...).

[0138] As another example, the communication protocol stack between base stations is shown in Figure 2d, and the communication interface between 6G base stations can be the Yn port.

[0139] As another example, the communication interfaces between the 6G base station and the TCF, CF-C and MM of the core network are Tx and Ty ports, and their protocol stack is shown in Figure 2e.

[0140] In 6G wireless communication networks, in addition to traditional connection services, other services may also be provided, such as XaaS, including one or more of NaaS, CaaS, AIaaS, and DaaS. Among them, taking AIaaS as an example, it includes but is not limited to model training, model reasoning, model verification, etc. In order to support AIaaS, communication networks may need to efficiently coordinate the scheduling of four-element heterogeneous resources (connection, computing, data, model). Generally speaking, the process of completing a specific goal through multi-dimensional resource collaboration at the 6G network level is defined as a "task."

[0141] In a task-centric architecture, the TA and TE are introduced. The TA is responsible for task lifecycle management, deploying, launching, deleting, modifying, and monitoring tasks based on task QoS requirements, and regulating network resources to ensure task QoS. The TE is responsible for the specific execution of tasks and interacts with data related to business logic. The task trigger sends a task request to the TA, which then deploys the task to one or more TEs for execution.

[0142] For example, to achieve service decoupling, the core network (CN) and RAN can independently deploy TA and TE. For example, on the core network side, the TCF provides TA functions and the TPF provides TE functions; on the RAN side, the cNode provides TA functions and the sNode provides TE functions.

[0143] Optionally, for the four elements of connection / computation / data / algorithm, the TCF providing TA functions on the core network side and the cNode providing TA services on the access network side can be managed by the data controller (DC) to control task data resources; the computing controller (CC) to control task computing resources; the heterogeneous intelligent collaboration controller (HicC) to control task algorithm resources; and the network controller (NC) to control task connection resources, including the establishment, addition, deletion, and modification of connection paths between executors.

[0144] For example, the TPF on the core network side provides TE functions, and the sNode on the access network side provides TE functions. The data agent (DA) is responsible for the specific execution of data tasks; the computing executor (CE) is responsible for the specific execution of computing tasks; and the heterogeneous intelligent collaboration agent (HicA) is responsible for the specific execution of algorithm tasks.

[0145] Therefore, after 6G introduces services other than connection services, new services may no longer be managed by PDU sessions, but may evolve to task sessions as management objects for task-granular lifecycle management.

[0146] In terms of the application scenarios of AIaaS, from a broad perspective, it can include two basic scenarios: network providing artificial intelligence (NET4AI) and artificial intelligence providing network (NET4AI).

[0147] For example, NET4AI is a scenario where OTT acts as a service provider, with the network acting as a service enabler and end users or third parties acting as consumers. In this scenario, the network requires both the OTT's service requirements and the end user's subscription registration information as input for QoS policy generation. In contrast, the AI4NET scenario uses AIaaS entirely for the network itself, meaning the network itself serves as both a service provider, a service enabler, and a consumer. In the AI4NET scenario, the service provider can be the operator, while each node in the network can play the role of both a service enabler and a consumer. Alternatively, each node can simultaneously act as an enabler for one AI service and a consumer for another.

[0148] Currently, in new radio (NR) scenarios, data transmission is used to provide connectivity services to terminal devices. For example, the communication network can provide this connectivity service to terminal devices through PDU sessions. Accordingly, the control policy determined by the PCF is mainly used to configure the transmission requirements of the communication links between different communication devices on the PDU session, including the communication links between terminal devices and access network devices, and the communication links between access network devices and user plane functional network elements.

[0149] For example, Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a PDU session implementation. The establishment of a PDU session relies on the participation of core network devices. Generally, a PDU session includes a radio bearer between a terminal device and an access network device, and a next-generation user plane (NG-U) tunnel between the access network device and the core network device. Optionally, if the access network device includes a DU and a CU, the PDU session also includes an F1 bearer between the DU and the CU.

[0150] Exemplarily, the session management function (SMF) network element in the core network device can control and manage the life cycle of the PDU session (including the creation, deletion, modification, etc. of the PDU session) based on the user's service type (the service type identifier is the data network name (DNN)) and its corresponding data transmission demand policy (the policy is stored in the core network network element, such as the PCF's service transmission QoS policy, billing policy, etc.), and configure the parameters of the PDU session based on the service QoS policy. In addition, during the establishment of the PDU session, the terminal device can initiate the establishment of the PDU session to the SMF network element based on the non-access stratum (NAS) message; thereafter, the SMF network element can execute the creation of the PDU session and determine the relevant configuration information, and at the same time guide the access network device to perform the corresponding PDU session establishment and configuration; accordingly, the access network device performs PDU Session related processing, including creating or modifying the wireless bearer of the wireless air interface (such as the data radio bearer (DRB)).

[0151] However, with the development of communication networks, the services provided through communication networks may not be limited to connection services. Accordingly, the services are no longer provided in the form of PDU Sessions, which makes the control strategy determined by the above PCF no longer applicable.

[0152] For example, as mentioned above, the AI4NET and NET4AI scenarios differ in that the input for QoS policy generation may no longer be external, but rather internal to various nodes within the network. Therefore, whether the policy generation function still needs to be located on the core network side remains a question that needs to be addressed. This is especially true given that the specific implementation of this policy generation function differs significantly from the PCF implementation on the core network side. Therefore, the AI4NET scenario requires a policy generation and delivery mechanism that is distinct from the PCF's PDU-based session-based policy generation and delivery mechanism. Furthermore, while these two application scenarios have different policy generation and delivery mechanisms, the network resources they schedule are the same. When different AI tasks in the NET4AI and AI4NET scenarios require queuing, queuing is impossible without a unified metric system. Therefore, the QoS architecture needs to adapt to both NET4AI and AI4NET scenarios while also supporting a unified QoS metric system. Furthermore, the QoS metric system requires a higher level of abstraction and finer-grained division for both AI4NET and NET4AI scenarios.

[0153] Therefore, unlike current networks that only provide connection services, when other services besides connection services (such as XaaS) are introduced into communication networks, the current QoS indicator system cannot adapt to the needs of new services. New QoS indicators are needed to adapt to the different services provided by communication networks. For example, the services provided by communication networks are no longer just single connection services. The paradigm of distinguishing different types of services by different underlying parameters of different connections has failed. Taking AIaaS as an example, the underlying parameters of AIaaS services such as model inference services, model training services, and data services are completely different. Therefore, the QoS indicator system needs to be redesigned to solve the problem of service division. For example, after the introduction of other services into the communication network, the control object of QoS indicators changes from "sessions" to "tasks". Therefore, the QoS indicator system may need to be improved to adapt to the control of tasks.

[0154] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method and related devices for service quality management, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0155] Please refer to FIG4 , which is a schematic diagram of the service quality management method provided in this application. The method includes the following steps.

[0156] It should be noted that FIG4 illustrates the method by using different communication devices as the execution subjects of the interaction diagram, but the present application does not limit the execution subjects of the interaction diagram. For example, in FIG4 and the corresponding implementation, any communication device can be a communication device (such as a terminal device or a network device), and any communication device can also be a chip, chip system, processor, logic module or software in the communication device.

[0157] Optionally, when any one of the communication devices is an ORAN network element, any one of the communication devices may be a near real-time intelligent controller (Near-Real time RAN intelligent controller, Near-RT RIC) functional entity, or may be an O-CU-CP.

[0158] S401. A first communication device sends first information, and a second communication device receives the first information. The first information indicates a first service QoS of a service; the output of the service includes at least one first-type output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service and the QoS of some or all of the at least one first-type output.

[0159] In this application, the service may be XaaS. For example, the service may include at least one of NaaS, CaaS, SaaS, AIaaS, and DaaS.

[0160] Optionally, the service may also include other services, such as other types of services that may appear / be defined in future networks.

[0161] It should be understood that the first communication device is a communication device that determines the service QoS. For example, the first communication device may be a PCF network element, or the first communication device may be a network element / device with PCF functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0162] It should be noted that the output of a service may include at least one first-type output. This means that, among the service data output by the service provider to the service consumer, the service data includes at least one first-type data. For example, if the service includes an AI service, the service data output by the service provider may include three first-type data: AI inference results, AI model parameters, and AI training samples. In other words, the output of the AI ​​service may include some or all of the three first-type outputs: AI inference results, AI model parameters, and AI training samples.

[0163] In a possible implementation, in step S401, the first communication device may send the first information in a variety of ways, which will be described below with reference to some implementation examples.

[0164] Example 1: In step S401, the first communication device sends the first information to the UDR. The UDR can be used for data storage so that other devices (such as the second communication device) can subsequently obtain service QoS through the UDR.

[0165] Optionally, the network element used for data storage may be a UDR, or may be replaced by other network elements / devices, such as other network elements / devices defined in future standards, which are not limited here.

[0166] Example 2: In step S401, after the first communication device determines one or more second communication devices based on the orchestration information of the service, the first communication device sends the first information to the one or more second communication devices in step S401.

[0167] In other words, in Example 2, before step S401, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving orchestration information of the service from the fifth communication device, where the orchestration information is used to determine the second communication device. The orchestration information received by the first communication device may be used to indicate the coordinated scheduling between tasks corresponding to the service. Accordingly, the first communication device may determine the second communication device corresponding to each task based on the orchestration information, so that the first communication device can send part or all of the first information to the second communication device participating in task processing indicated by the orchestration information.

[0168] It should be understood that the fifth communication device is a communication device that determines the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS. The fifth communication device may be NAMO, or the second communication device may be a network element / device with NAMO functionality.

[0169] Optionally, NAMO can be responsible for coarse-grained orchestration (including data, computation, algorithm, and connection orchestration) and decomposition of the business, breaking the business into multiple tasks with dependencies based on business logic and service level agreement (SLA) requirements. This involves generating task computation graphs and task QoS requirements, and estimating the resource requirements for each task. Tasks are then assigned to different task anchors for management and control. For example, NAMO can be responsible for providing XaaS services externally.

[0170] Optionally, in Example 2, the first communication device may obtain scheduling information, i.e., the first communication device may determine the tasks to be performed by one or more second communication devices. To this end, the first communication device may send the service QoS corresponding to each task to the one or more second communication devices. That is, the first communication device may send part or all of the first information to each of the one or more second communication devices in step S401, so that each second communication device can obtain the service QoS corresponding to its own task, thereby reducing overhead.

[0171] In Example 3, in step S401, a first communication device sends first information to one or more second communication devices managed / controlled / connected by the first communication device. Subsequently, the different second communication devices can interact with each other to determine one or more second communication devices that will perform one or more tasks corresponding to the service. In this way, the first communication device does not need to determine the second communication device based on orchestration information, which can reduce the implementation complexity of the first communication device.

[0172] In one possible implementation, before the first communication device sends the first information in step S401, the method further includes: the first communication device sends indication information for indicating the second service QoS of the service; the first communication device receives second request information, the second request information being used to request an update of the second service QoS; wherein the first service QoS of the service is determined based on the service requirements of the service and the second service QoS. Specifically, the first communication device can also send the second service QoS of the service, and when the current resources do not meet the second service QoS (for example, the second communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the second service QoS, resulting in the inability to generate task QoS, and the fifth communication device determines that the current resources do not meet the second service QoS, resulting in the inability to generate orchestration information), the first communication device can receive the second request information for requesting an update of the second service QoS, and update it based on the requirements of the service and the second service QoS, so that the first communication device obtains and sends the first information indicating the first service QoS in step S401.

[0173] In one possible implementation, before the first communication device sends the first information in step S401, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving subscription information for the service from the EMF, where the first service QoS of the service is determined based on the service requirements of the service and the subscription information of the service. Specifically, the first communication device may determine the first service QoS of the service based on the service requirements of the service and the subscription information indicated by the EMF, so that subsequent data transmission processes implemented by the first service QoS on other nodes can meet the service requirements of the service and the subscription content indicated by the subscription information.

[0174] Optionally, the subscription information of the service includes at least one of the following: node type, subscription service type, and service priority information. For example, the node type may include terminal equipment, network equipment (for example, considering the various future base station forms, CU / DU separation, CP / UP separation, ORAN, etc., so although it is a RAN node, there may be multiple specific network equipment types), etc. For another example, the subscription service type may include one or more of NaaS, CaaS, AIaaS, and DaaS. For another example, the service priority information may indicate the priority of the service defined by the network device or operator.

[0175] Optionally, the EMF can be used to maintain service subscription information and capability information for each node in the network. For example, the nodes here include relatively static network elements and relatively dynamic terminal devices. These nodes can be consumers or enablers of AI services, or consumers of one AI service and enablers of another AI service. As described above, service subscription information includes node type, subscription service type, service priority information, etc. Node capability information includes: node type, four-element resource level, heterogeneous resource type, etc. Accordingly, when the first communication device generates a QoS policy, the first communication device can call the service subscription information and capability information of each node in the EMF. Optionally, the EMF can also maintain a mapping table between the second communication device and the first communication device.

[0176] Optionally, in addition to obtaining the service subscription information through EMF, the first communication device may also obtain the service subscription information through other means. For example, the first communication device may obtain the service subscription information through network elements such as SMF and UDR.

[0177] In one possible implementation, before the second communication device receives the first information from the first communication device in step S401, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving a fourth request message, the fourth request message being used to request the service, the fourth request message including a service identifier for the service; thereafter, the second communication device sending a fifth request message to the EMF based on the fourth request message, the fifth request message being used to request the service, and the second communication device correspondingly receiving the identifier or address of the first communication device from the EMF. Specifically, after receiving the fourth request message requesting the service, the second communication device may send a fifth request message requesting the service based on the fourth request message, and obtain the identifier or address of the first communication device indicated by the recipient of the fifth request message, so that the second communication device can determine the first communication device providing the service QoS. Subsequently, the second communication device may request the service QoS of the service from the first communication device using the identifier or address of the first communication device, so that the first communication device sends the first information indicating the first service QoS of the service to the second communication device in step S401 based on the request.

[0178] It should be noted that the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer. For the second communication device, after the second communication device receives the first information indicating the first service QoS in step S401, the second communication device can send the second information indicating the task QoS of the K tasks (such as method 1 of step S402 in Figure 4) or the resource QoS of the K tasks (such as method 2 of step S404 in Figure 4). Among them, the service type of the service provided by the communication network may not be limited to the connection service. Since the service QoS included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand (or overall demand) of services of different service types, the at least one first type of output QoS included in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand for the output of a certain type of service; so that the service QoS indicated by the first communication device can be used as a control strategy for multiple service types, it can also enable the second communication device to achieve service demand guarantee and service output demand guarantee through the task QoS and resource QoS indicated by the second information.

[0179] The following is an illustrative description of various implementations of the second information.

[0180] Method 1

[0181] S402: The second communication device sends second information, and correspondingly, the second communication device receives the second information, wherein the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks, and the task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0182] S403. The third communication device sends third information, and the fourth communication device receives the third information accordingly. The third information is used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0183] It should be understood that in approach 1, the second communication device is a communication device that determines the task QoS based on the service QoS. The second communication device may be a TA, or a network element / device with TA functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0184] It should be understood that the third communication device is a communication device that determines resource QoS based on task QoS. The third communication device may be a TS, or a network element / device with TS functionality (e.g., an access network element / access network device).

[0185] In the first method, the second information received by the third communication device in step S402 can be used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks. Thereafter, the third communication device can determine and send third information indicating the resource QoS of the K tasks based on the task QoS of the K tasks in step S403. The recipient of the subsequent third information can be based on the resource QoS of the K tasks. In this way, the resource QoS of the subtasks of each task can be determined, so that the recipient of the third information can process based on the resource QoS of the K tasks, so that subsequent service data can achieve the resource demand guarantee for each subtask.

[0186] In one possible implementation of the first method, in step S402, the second information sent by the second communication device may indicate the task QoS of K tasks, where the output of each of the K tasks includes at least one second-type output. Accordingly, the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task, as well as the QoS of some or all of the at least one second-type output. In this way, the second communication device can achieve task demand guarantee and task output demand guarantee through the task QoS indicated by the second information.

[0187] It should be noted that the output of a task may include at least one second-type output. This means that, among the task data output by the task execution node, the task data is provided by some or all of the at least one second-type resource. For example, if the task includes an AI reasoning task, the task data output by the task execution node may include data provided by three second-type resources: data resources, computing resources, and algorithm resources. That is, the output of the AI ​​reasoning task may be provided by some or all of the second-type resources, such as data resources, computing resources, and algorithm resources.

[0188] In one possible implementation of Method 1, in step S402, the second information sent by the second communication device may indicate the resource QoS of K tasks, each of the K tasks including one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks including the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the task QoS of the K tasks. In this way, the resource QoS of the subtasks of each task can be determined, so that subsequent service data can meet the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0189] Method 2

[0190] S404. The second communication device sends second information, and correspondingly, the second communication device receives the second information, wherein the second information is used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0191] It should be understood that in the second approach, the second communication device is a communication device that determines resource QoS based on service QoS. The second communication device may be a TA with TS functionality, or a network element / device (e.g., an access network element / access network device) with both TA and TS functionality.

[0192] In the second method, the second communication device sends the second information indicating the resource QoS of the K tasks in step S404. The subsequent recipient of the second information can determine the resource QoS of each subtask based on the resource QoS of the K tasks. In this way, the resource QoS of each subtask of each task can be determined, so that the recipient of the third information can process the information based on the resource QoS of the K tasks, so that subsequent service data can meet the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0193] In one possible implementation of the second approach, in step S404, the second information sent by the second communication device may indicate the resource QoS of K tasks, where each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the task QoS of the K tasks. In this way, the resource QoS of the subtasks of each task can be determined, so that subsequent service data can meet the resource requirements of each subtask.

[0194] Optionally, in the above-mentioned method 1 or method 2, one or more types of resources may include connection resources, computing resources, data resources, or algorithm resources (or model resources), etc.

[0195] Optionally, in the above-mentioned method 1 or method 2, the resource QoS of each subtask includes one or more QoS characteristics, and a QoS parameter corresponding to each QoS characteristic.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer. In the above-mentioned method 1 or method 2, after the second communication device receives the first information indicating the first service QoS of the service in step S401, the second communication device determines the task QoS based on the first service QoS (optionally, in method 1, the second communication device can also determine the resource QoS based on the task QoS). The task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service and at least one of the following information A and information B.

[0197] Information A. Service orchestration information.

[0198] Specifically, the basis for determining the task QoS by the second communication device may include, in addition to the service QoS of the service, the above-mentioned information A, the orchestration information of the service. In this way, the second communication device can determine the collaborative scheduling between the various tasks determined by the orchestration information to achieve the determination of the task QoS of each task.

[0199] In a possible implementation, when the basis for determining the task QoS of the K tasks includes the above-mentioned information A, the second communication device may determine the information A in a variety of ways, which will be described below with reference to some implementation examples.

[0200] As an implementation example, after step S401, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving orchestration information of the service from the fifth communication device. The orchestration information may be used to indicate coordinated scheduling between tasks corresponding to the service, so as to determine task QoS corresponding to each task based on the orchestration information.

[0201] Optionally, for the fifth communication device, before the fifth communication device determines the orchestration information of the service, the fifth communication device may receive first information from the first communication device, and the first information may indicate a first service QoS of the service. Moreover, the fifth communication device may determine the orchestration information of the service based on the first service QoS to indicate the coordinated scheduling between the tasks through the orchestration information.

[0202] Optionally, before the first communication device sends the first information to the fifth communication device, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving a first request message from the fifth communication device, the first request message being used to request the first information, the first request message including a service identifier of the service. The first request message may include the service identifier of the service. Through the above approach, the solution can be applied to a scenario where the fifth communication device initiates a request to obtain service QoS.

[0203] In the above implementation example, for the second communication device, before the second communication device receives the orchestration information (e.g., first orchestration information) of the service from the fifth communication device, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving the second orchestration information of the service from the fifth communication device; and the second communication device sending a third request message to the fifth communication device, where the third request message is used to request an update of the second orchestration information. Specifically, the second communication device may also receive the second orchestration information of the service, and if current resources do not satisfy the second orchestration information (e.g., the second communication device determines that current resources do not satisfy the task collaborative scheduling indicated by the second orchestration information), the second communication device may send the third request message to request an update of the second orchestration information and obtain the updated first orchestration information.

[0204] As another implementation example, after step S401, the method further includes: the second communication device determining the orchestration information of the service based on the service QoS of the service. In this way, the second communication device can locally determine the orchestration information of the service to reduce overhead.

[0205] Information B. Task QoS template.

[0206] Specifically, the second communication device may determine the task QoS based on a task QoS template in addition to the service QoS of the service. In this way, the task QoS can be quickly determined to reduce processing delay.

[0207] In one possible implementation, the task QoS template satisfies any of the following:

[0208] The task QoS template is determined based on device information of one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device;

[0209] The task QoS template is determined based on the service QoS of the service historically processed by the second communication device, the scheduling information of the historically processed service, and the task QoS of the historically processed service;

[0210] The task QoS template is determined based on feedback information of the task QoS processed historically by one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device.

[0211] Therefore, the task QoS template used to determine the task QoS can be implemented by any of the above items to improve the flexibility of the solution implementation.

[0212] Based on the technical solution shown in Figure 4, the first information determined and sent by the first communication device in step S401 is used to indicate the first service QoS. The first service QoS includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in at least one first type of output contained in the output of the service. The service type of the service provided by the communication network may not be limited to the connection service. Since the QoS of the service contained in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand (or overall demand) of services of different service types, the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs contained in the first service QoS can be used to indicate the demand for the output of a certain type of service, so that the service QoS indicated by the first communication device can be used as a control strategy for multiple service types, and the recipient of the service QoS can also achieve service demand guarantee and service output demand guarantee based on the service QoS.

[0213] As shown in Figure 4, compared to scenarios where a communication network provides only communication services, the XaaS provided by the aforementioned communication network may involve the generation and delivery of multiple QoS profiles between different communication devices, including service QoS, task QoS, and resource QoS. These QoS profiles are described below using some examples.

[0214] 1) Service QoS.

[0215] Specifically, after a new service is introduced into a communications network, the network may require additional services, including model reasoning, model training, model generation, model optimization, data services, and computing services. Service QoS is essentially a quantification of the requirements for these new service types. Different service types may provide different service outputs, but are characterized by the same service QoS indicator. Therefore, service QoS indicators are structurally divided into two levels. The first level is the overall level, which is a unified abstraction for all service types (i.e., service QoS can include service QoS). The second level is the output object level. Different service types have different output objects. For example, for reasoning services, the output object is the reasoning result, while for training services, the output object is the model itself. Different output objects correspond to different service QoS requirements (i.e., the output of the service includes at least one first-type output, and the service QoS of the service includes the QoS of some or all of the at least one first-type output).

[0216] Exemplarily, an implementation example of service QoS for a service is shown in Table 2 below. The above-mentioned first-level service QoS may include one or more lines of information contained in "whole" in Table 2, and the above-mentioned second-level service QoS may include one or more lines of information contained in "output object" in Table 2.

[0217] Table 2

[0218] Optionally, the service QoS can be generated at a first communication device (for example, the first communication device may include a CN side PCF in a NET4AI scenario and a RAN side PCF in an AI4NET scenario) and output to a second communication device (for example, the TA described above) and a fifth communication device (for example, the NAMO described above) for use.

[0219] 2)Task QoS.

[0220] Specifically, the implementation of a service generally relies on the implementation of at least two tasks. Of course, if the service itself is relatively small, it may only require one task to implement. From the element level, tasks, like services, can contain multiple elements, so tasks can be considered lightweight. The necessity of tasks is based on the real-time performance of the control plane, and the real-time performance of the control plane is based on the fact that control nodes tend to be deployed lower in the network, and on the trend towards distributed deployment over a large area and centralized deployment at a single point. Therefore, a specific task is defined at the control node of the mobile network (such as the TA). For example, this definition process can be based on the orchestration information provided by the NAMO of the management plane, or directly based on the orchestration information determined locally by the TA, or the orchestration information obtained jointly by the NAMO of the management plane and the TA of the control plane.

[0221] Furthermore, the process of defining a specific task is also the process of defining task QoS. From a procedural perspective, the definition of task QoS consists of three steps. First, the overall QoS requirements of the service in the service QoS guide the orchestration of a specific service instance to a task. Second, the orchestration of service instances to specific tasks determines the mapping relationship between the overall requirements of the service QoS and the overall requirements of the task QoS (referred to as the first-level task QoS, i.e., the QoS of each task described above). Third, the requirements for output objects in the service QoS are actually directly inherited by the task QoS and classified into different weights and four-element resource levels for subtasks under the task (referred to as the second-level task QoS, i.e., the QoS of at least one second-type output described above). If the overall part of the service QoS to the overall part of the task QoS in the second step is determined by the orchestration results and the service QoS, then the process of determining the resource level of the subtask in the third step is the process of the TA autonomously determining it based on the real-time network conditions.

[0222] For example, a task can be accomplished in many ways, such as model training through big data + small model, or through big model + small data. The coordination and balance between the four elements are determined by task QoS at the TA. Therefore, the relationship between service QoS and task QoS is not a simple numerical decomposition of indicators. On the contrary, task QoS is also a key QoS determination process. It is better to say that service QoS and task QoS determine the QoS of a specific service instance. This is completely different from the policy control process through PDU session in NR, because in the policy control process of PDU session, it is actually completely determined in PCF (for example, 5QI is determined in the policy and charging control rule (PCC rule) and remains consistent throughout the control flow).

[0223] For example, an implementation example of a task QoS is shown in Table 3 below. The first level of task QoS may include one or more lines of information contained in "Overall" in Table 3, and the second level of task QoS may include one or more lines of information contained in "Orchestration" in Table 2.

[0224] Table 3

[0225] Optionally, the task QoS may be generated at the second communication device (eg, TA) and provided to the third communication device (eg, TS) for use.

[0226] 3) Resource QoS.

[0227] Specifically, resource QoS can be derived by decomposing task QoS. For example, resource QoS characteristics can be derived from subtask weights and resource levels. The underlying logic is that achieving the target resource QoS will meet the overall task requirements and the output requirements of the service. This logic is consistent with the connection service guarantees previously provided by mobile networks for different service types, where the network guarantees services by ensuring message transmission.

[0228] In addition, resource QoS may include one or more QoS features, and QoS parameters corresponding to each QoS feature. The former is used for the classification of different subtasks / tasks, and the fourth communication device (such as TE) refers to the one or more QoS features when processing queue scheduling; the latter is used for management, and its scope is not a certain subtask / task itself, but a combination of a series of subtasks / tasks, and it examines the relative relationship between subtasks / tasks and overall control (such as the maximum amount of computing power aggregated, etc.). In other words, one or more QoS features in resource QoS determine the content of the guarantee, and the QoS parameters corresponding to each QoS feature can be used to determine the overall guarantee method, and the two work together to ensure that QoS is achieved.

[0229] Exemplarily, an implementation example of resource QoS is shown in Table 4 below. The above-mentioned one or more QoS characteristics may include one or more rows of information in the column where the "QoS characteristics" in Table 3 is located, and the QoS parameters corresponding to each of the above-mentioned QoS characteristics may include one or more rows of information in the column where the "QoS parameters" in Table 3 is located.

[0230] Table 4

[0231] Optionally, the resource QoS may be generated at a third communication device (eg, TS) and provided to a fourth communication device (eg, TE) for use.

[0232] To facilitate understanding of the above technical solution, some implementation examples are provided below for description. It should be understood that in the following examples, the first communication device is a PCF (a PCF deployed in the core network or a PCF deployed in the access network, the latter of which can be denoted as RAN-PCF), the second communication device is a device in the TA layer, the third communication device is a device in the TS layer, and the fourth communication device is a device in the TE layer.

[0233] Scenario 1: As shown in Figure 5a, this is an implementation example of NET4AI.

[0234] In scenario 1, triggered by a terminal device or third-party network element / device, the OTT vendor device can input service demand information to the PCF through the AF, triggering the PCF to generate service QoS. The specific process includes:

[0235] 1. The PCF generates service QoS based on input information from each network function (NF) (e.g., user subscription information, OTT service demand information, etc.) and passes it to the UDR. This step is an implementation example of step S401 above.

[0236] 2. The service requester initiates a new business and enters a use case into NAMO. The use case contains identification information for different apps and AI services.

[0237] 3.NAMO obtains the service QoS (the status of each node - TE) from the UDR based on the identification information, and completes the orchestration accordingly, determines the task, workflow and TA, and passes the orchestration results to each TA.

[0238] 4. The TA layer (ie, cNode) completes the mapping of service QoS to task QoS. This step is an implementation example of the above step S402.

[0239] 5. The TS layer (eg, sNode & TPF) completes the mapping of task QoS to resource QoS. This step is an implementation example of the above step S403.

[0240] 6. Differentiated resource allocation and queue processing performed by the TE layer (e.g., sNode & TPF & UE).

[0241] Scenario 2: As shown in Figure 5b, this is an implementation example of AI4NET.

[0242] In scenario 1, triggered by a terminal device or a third-party network element / device, the EMF can input service demand information to the PCF, triggering the PCF to generate service QoS. The specific process includes:

[0243] 1. EMF maintains new service subscription information and node capability information of each node in the network (including static network elements and dynamic UEs). A node can be both an enabler and a consumer of new services.

[0244] 2. Each RAN-PCF generates service QoS based on the information input from the EMF side (the needs and corresponding requirements of different AI4NET services subscribed by consumers).

[0245] 3. When the UE / NE triggers an AI service and enters a use case into the TA (cNode), the cNode requests the ID / IP address of the corresponding RAN-PCF (possibly deployed directly on the cNode) from the EMF. The cNode then obtains the service QoS from the corresponding RAN-PCF and, based on the orchestration results, generates a task and the corresponding task QoS. This step is an example implementation of steps S401 and S402 described above.

[0246] 4. The TS layer (sNode) completes the mapping of task QoS to resource QoS and sends the resource QoS to the TE layer. This step is an implementation example of the above step S403.

[0247] 5. Differentiated resource allocation and queue processing performed by the TE layer (sNode & UE).

[0248] The following example illustrates a specific use case for network-assisted autonomous driving, where the network provides model inference services (the service output is the inference result; the model itself is already available; only input data and the inference process are required). The specific network-assisted autonomous driving service process is as follows:

[0249] 1) The end user sends a congestion prediction request to OTT for a 10km stretch of Jinhai Road.

[0250] 2) OTT inputs use cases to NAMO on the management side.

[0251] 3) NAMO adjusts the service QoS of PCF to complete the workflow orchestration and transmits the orchestration information to TA, and PCF sends the service QoS to TA. This step is an implementation example of the above step S401.

[0252] 4) The NAMO workflow includes three tasks, each executed by a separate TA. In this example, a TA includes two cNodes and a TCF (i.e., cNode1, cNode2, and TCF in Figure 6a). Furthermore, each TA can determine resource QoS based on service QoS and send the resource QoS to the TE connected to each TA. This step is an example implementation of step S404 described above.

[0253] 5) The two cNodes perform prediction based on UE real-time perception data + historical data prediction.

[0254] 6) TCF completes the final inference result based on the cNode input and feeds it back to the end user who initiated the service.

[0255] For clarity, the different roles within the network are categorized as consumers, providers, and enablers. Consumers are those who benefit from network services, in this use case, end users. Providers are those to whom the service belongs, in this case, over-the-top (OTT) services. Enablers are those who provide the infrastructure and overall business flow required to deliver the service, in this case, the operator / network.

[0256] As an example, as shown in FIG6a , it is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the service instance, corresponding to the above steps 1) 2) 3).

[0257] As an example, taking cNode1 as an example, the schematic diagram of the arrangement between tasks and subtasks is shown in FIG6 b , corresponding to the above step 5).

[0258] As an example, FIG6c is a complete business process diagram, which includes the following processes:

[0259] Task 1 (Task1), executed by cNode1, includes historical data prediction, UE1 real-time perception data collection, UE2 real-time perception data collection, etc.

[0260] Task 2 (Task2), executed by cNode2, includes historical data prediction, UE3 real-time perception data collection, UE4 real-time perception data collection, etc.

[0261] Task 3, performed by TCF, includes joint reasoning.

[0262] Exemplarily, in the example shown in FIG6a , the process of generating the service QoS includes:

[0263] 1. OTT and operators should complete the development of autonomous driving AI service packages before consumers trigger the service.

[0264] 2. The end user has completed account opening, which includes subscription information for the autonomous driving AI service and basic user information.

[0265] 3. PCF determines the service QoS based on the information provided by each NF (including OTT information and user information) and stores it in the UDR.

[0266] For example, in the example shown in FIG6a , the process of issuing the service QoS includes:

[0267] 1. The end user completes access and sends a real-time route congestion prediction request to the app service through the existing communication connection PDU session;

[0268] 2. Use case where the app inputs a user's real-time route congestion prediction request to NAMO

[0269] 3.NAMO selects the corresponding service QoS from the UDR based on the APP ID / user ID and the specific content of the use case.

[0270] For example, according to the APP identifier (IP triplet of the path planning APP server).

[0271] For another example, capability information, location information, and whether the UE is a VIP are reported based on the UE ID.

[0272] For example, the service QoS is determined according to the specific requirements of the use case (calling all base stations and end users within 10 km) (as shown in Table 5 below).

[0273] Table 5

[0274] 4.NAMO completes task orchestration and decomposition based on service QoS, and delivers the orchestration results and service QoS indicators to each TA.

[0275] For example, in the example shown in FIG6a , the task QoS generation process (taking cNode1 as an example) includes:

[0276] Task QoS template generation - This process is independent of this service.

[0277] For example, the TA initially predefines its own task QoS template (pure template without any label) according to the types, capabilities, and number of covered TEs.

[0278] For example, in the process of continuously accepting NAMO task orchestration and decomposition, TA accumulates task QoS templates (with top-down information - including service QoS, information on the OTT side and terminal side, etc.).

[0279] For example, in the process of continuously receiving feedback and change requests from the TE side, TA accumulates task QoS templates (with bottom-up information - including xxTE is often overloaded and xxTE is often particularly power-consuming).

[0280] Specific task QoS generation includes:

[0281] 1. cNode1 calculates the overall QoS requirements of the task based on the service QoS and NAMO workflow orchestration results (directly select a template or customize it)

[0282] 2. cNode1 decomposes subtasks based on the status of its subordinate TEs and determines subtask weights and subtask levels (in this use case, this includes historical data inference on sNode1 and real-time sensing data sampling from two sensing UEs on sNode2).

[0283] 3. Output the task QoS corresponding to this use case. The QoS table is shown in Table 6 below.

[0284] Table 6

[0285] For example, in the example shown in FIG6a , the process of issuing task QoS includes:

[0286] After the TA layer (cNode1 in this use case) completes the generation of specific task QoS, it is sent to the TS layer (sNode1&2 in this use case).

[0287] For example, in the example shown in Figure 6a, during the resource QoS generation process (taking sNode1 and UE1 as an example), the TS layer (here is sNode1&2) is mapped to the four-element resource QoS according to the task QoS (especially the subtask resource level therein), and the generated resource QoS table is shown in the figure below.

[0288] For example, in the example shown in FIG6a , during the resource QoS delivery process, the TS generates the resource QoS and delivers it to the specific TEs (sNode1 and sNode2, UE1 and UE2 in this use case). The resource QoS may include the example shown in Table 7 below.

[0289] Table 7

[0290] For example, in the example shown in FIG6 a , during the resource QoS guarantee process, each TE performs queue processing according to the resource QoS delivered by the TS.

[0291] Referring to Figure 7, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 700. The communication device 700 can implement the functions of the communication device (e.g., the communication device is a terminal device or a network device) in the above-mentioned method embodiment, thereby also achieving the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned method embodiment. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication device 700 can be a communication device, or it can be an integrated circuit or component within the communication device, such as a chip.

[0292] In one possible implementation, when the device 700 is used to execute the method executed by the first communication device in the aforementioned Figure 4 and related embodiments, the device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a transceiver unit 702; the processing unit 701 is used to determine first information, and the first information is used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service is XaaS; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the transceiver unit 702 is used to send the first information.

[0293] In one possible implementation, when the device 700 is used to execute the method executed by the second communication device in the aforementioned Figure 7 and related embodiments, the device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a transceiver unit 702; the transceiver unit 702 is used to receive first information from the first communication device, and the first information is used to indicate the first service QoS of the service; wherein the service includes at least one service of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer; the processing unit 701 is used to determine second information; the transceiver unit is also used to send second information, and the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks or the resource QoS of the K tasks, and the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0294] In one possible implementation, when the device 700 is used to execute the method executed by the third communication device in the aforementioned Figure 4 and related embodiments, the device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a transceiver unit 702; the transceiver unit 702 is used to receive second information, and the second information is used to indicate the task QoS of K tasks, and the K tasks are used to provide service data of services, K is a positive integer; wherein the service includes at least one service of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service and Data as a Service; the processing unit 701 is used to determine third information; the transceiver unit 702 is also used to send third information, and the third information is used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0295] In one possible implementation, when the device 700 is used to execute the method executed by the fourth communication device in the aforementioned Figure 7 and related embodiments, the device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a transceiver unit 702; the transceiver unit 702 is used to receive third information, and the third information is used to indicate the resource QoS of the task; the processing unit 701 is used to perform processing based on the resource QoS.

[0296] In one possible implementation, when the device 700 is used to execute the method executed by the fifth communication device in the aforementioned Figure 4 and related embodiments, the device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a transceiver unit 702; the transceiver unit 702 is used to receive first information, and the first information is used to indicate a first service quality of service QoS of a service; wherein the service includes at least one service of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, artificial intelligence AI as a service, and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the processing unit 701 is used to determine first orchestration information based on the service QoS of the service; the transceiver unit is also used to send the first orchestration information of the service to the second communication device.

[0297] It should be noted that, for details on the information execution process of the units of the above-mentioned communication device 700, please refer to the description in the method embodiment shown above in this application, and no further details will be given here.

[0298] Please refer to Fig. 8, which is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device 800 provided in this application. The communication device 800 includes a logic circuit 801 and an input / output interface 802. The communication device 800 may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0299] The transceiver unit 702 shown in FIG7 may be a communication interface, which may be the input / output interface 802 in FIG8 , which may include an input interface and an output interface. Alternatively, the communication interface may be a transceiver circuit, which may include an input interface circuit and an output interface circuit.

[0300] Optionally, the logic circuit 801 is used to determine first information, which is used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service is XaaS; the output packet of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the input-output interface 802 is used to send the first information.

[0301] Optionally, the input-output interface 802 is used to receive first information from a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; the output of the service includes at least one first-type output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first-type outputs of the at least one first-type output; the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer; the logic circuit 801 is used to determine second information; the input-output interface 802 is also used to send second information, the second information being used to indicate the task QoS of the K tasks or the resource QoS of the K tasks, and the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by the first service QoS of the service.

[0302] Optionally, the input-output interface 802 is used to receive second information, the second information being used to indicate the task QoS of K tasks, the K tasks being used to provide service data of a service, K being a positive integer; wherein the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; the logic circuit 801 is used to determine third information; the input-output interface 802 is also used to send third information, the third information being used to indicate the resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

[0303] Optionally, the input / output interface 802 is configured to receive third information, where the third information is used to indicate resource QoS of the task; and the logic circuit 801 is configured to perform processing based on the resource QoS.

[0304] Optionally, the input-output interface 802 is used to receive first information, which is used to indicate a first service quality of service QoS of a service; wherein the service includes at least one service of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, artificial intelligence AI as a service and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one first type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the first type of outputs in the at least one first type of output; the logic circuit 801 is used to determine first orchestration information based on the service QoS of the service; the input-output interface 802 is also used to send the first orchestration information of the service to the second communication device.

[0305] The logic circuit 801 and the input / output interface 802 may also execute other steps executed by the terminal device or the network device in any embodiment and achieve corresponding beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0306] In a possible implementation, the processing unit 701 shown in FIG. 7 may be the logic circuit 801 in FIG. 8 .

[0307] Optionally, the logic circuit 801 may be a processing device, and the functions of the processing device may be partially or entirely implemented by software. The functions of the processing device may be partially or entirely implemented by software.

[0308] Optionally, the processing device may include a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor reads and executes the computer program stored in the memory to perform corresponding processing and / or steps in any one of the method embodiments.

[0309] Alternatively, the processing device may include only a processor. A memory for storing the computer program is located outside the processing device, and the processor is connected to the memory via circuits / wires to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory. The memory and processor may be integrated or physically separate.

[0310] Optionally, the processing device may be one or more chips, or one or more integrated circuits. For example, the processing device may be one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), system-on-chips (SoCs), central processor units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), digital signal processors (DSPs), microcontroller units (MCUs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), or other integrated chips, or any combination of the above chips or processors.

[0311] Please refer to FIG. 9 , which shows a communication device 900 involved in the above embodiments provided in an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the communication device 900 may be a communication device serving as a terminal device in the above embodiments.

[0312] Here, a possible logical structure diagram of the communication device 900 is shown. The communication device 900 may include but is not limited to at least one processor 901 and a communication port 902 .

[0313] The transceiver unit 702 shown in FIG7 may be a communication interface, which may be the communication port 902 in FIG9 , which may include an input interface and an output interface. Alternatively, the communication port 902 may be a transceiver circuit, which may include an input interface circuit and an output interface circuit.

[0314] Further optionally, the device may also include at least one of a memory 903 and a bus 904. In an embodiment of the present application, the at least one processor 901 is used to control and process the actions of the communication device 900.

[0315] In addition, the processor 901 can be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and so on. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0316] It should be noted that the communication device 900 shown in Figure 9 can be specifically used to implement the steps implemented by the terminal device in the aforementioned method embodiment and achieve the corresponding technical effects of the terminal device. The specific implementation methods of the communication device shown in Figure 9 can refer to the description in the aforementioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0317] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a structural diagram of the communication device 1000 involved in the above-mentioned embodiments provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1000 can specifically be a communication device serving as a network device in the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein the structure of the communication device can refer to the structure shown in Figure 10.

[0318] The communication device 1000 includes at least one processor 1011 and at least one network interface 1014. Further optionally, the communication device also includes at least one memory 1012, at least one transceiver 1013 and one or more antennas 1015. The processor 1011, the memory 1012, the transceiver 1013 and the network interface 1014 are connected, for example, via a bus. In an embodiment of the present application, the connection may include various interfaces, transmission lines or buses, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment. The antenna 1015 is connected to the transceiver 1013. The network interface 1014 is used to enable the communication device to communicate with other communication devices through a communication link. For example, the network interface 1014 may include a network interface between the communication device and the core network device, such as an S1 interface, and the network interface may include a network interface between the communication device and other communication devices (such as other network devices or core network devices), such as an X2 or Xn interface.

[0319] The transceiver unit 702 shown in FIG7 may be a communication interface, which may be the network interface 1014 in FIG10 , which may include an input interface and an output interface. Alternatively, the network interface 1014 may be a transceiver circuit, which may include an input interface circuit and an output interface circuit.

[0320] Processor 1011 is primarily used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process software program data, for example, to support the communication device in performing the actions described in the embodiments. The communication device may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit. The baseband processor is primarily used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit is primarily used to control the entire terminal device, execute software programs, and process software program data. Processor 1011 in Figure 10 may integrate the functions of both a baseband processor and a central processing unit. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors interconnected via a bus or other technology. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a terminal device may include multiple baseband processors to accommodate different network standards, multiple central processing units to enhance its processing capabilities, and various components of the terminal device may be connected via various buses. The baseband processor may also be referred to as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The central processing unit may also be referred to as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The functionality for processing communication protocols and communication data may be built into the processor or stored in memory as a software program, which is executed by the processor to implement the baseband processing functionality.

[0321] The memory is primarily used to store software programs and data. Memory 1012 can exist independently and be connected to processor 1011. Alternatively, memory 1012 and processor 1011 can be integrated together, for example, within a single chip. Memory 1012 can store program code for executing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and execution is controlled by processor 1011. The various computer program codes executed can also be considered drivers for processor 1011.

[0322] Figure 10 shows only one memory and one processor. In an actual terminal device, there may be multiple processors and multiple memories. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device. The memory may be a storage element on the same chip as the processor, i.e., an on-chip storage element, or an independent storage element, which is not limited in the present embodiment.

[0323] The transceiver 1013 can be used to support the reception or transmission of radio frequency signals between the communication device and the terminal. The transceiver 1013 can be connected to the antenna 1015. The transceiver 1013 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx. Specifically, one or more antennas 1015 can receive radio frequency signals. The receiver Rx of the transceiver 1013 is used to receive the radio frequency signal from the antenna, convert the radio frequency signal into a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal, and provide the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to the processor 1011 so that the processor 1011 can further process the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal, such as demodulation and decoding. In addition, the transmitter Tx in the transceiver 1013 is also used to receive a modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal from the processor 1011, convert the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and transmit the radio frequency signal through one or more antennas 1015. Specifically, the receiver Rx can selectively perform one or more stages of down-mixing and analog-to-digital conversion on the RF signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal. The order of the down-mixing and analog-to-digital conversion processes is adjustable. The transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of up-mixing and digital-to-analog conversion on the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a RF signal. The order of the up-mixing and digital-to-analog conversion processes is adjustable. The digital baseband signal and the digital intermediate frequency signal may be collectively referred to as digital signals.

[0324] The transceiver 1013 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver device, etc. Optionally, a device in the transceiver unit that implements a receiving function may be referred to as a receiving unit, and a device in the transceiver unit that implements a transmitting function may be referred to as a transmitting unit. That is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, an input port, a receiving circuit, etc., and the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc.

[0325] It should be noted that the communication device 1000 shown in Figure 10 can be specifically used to implement the steps implemented by the network device in the aforementioned method embodiment, and to achieve the corresponding technical effects of the network device. The specific implementation methods of the communication device 1000 shown in Figure 10 can refer to the description in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here one by one.

[0326] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store one or more computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the method described in the possible implementation methods of the terminal device or network device in the above embodiments.

[0327] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product (or computer program). When the computer program product is executed by the processor, the processor executes the method of the possible implementation mode of the above-mentioned terminal device or network device.

[0328] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, which includes at least one processor for supporting a communication device to implement the functions involved in the possible implementation methods of the above-mentioned communication device. Optionally, the chip system also includes an interface circuit, which provides program instructions and / or data to the at least one processor. In one possible design, the chip system may also include a memory, which is used to store the necessary program instructions and data for the communication device. The chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices, wherein the communication device can specifically be a terminal device or a network device in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0329] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the terminal device and network device in any of the above embodiments.

[0330] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0331] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0332] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0333] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to a terminal, the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal in the above-mentioned method embodiment. When the terminal chip receives information from the base station, it can be understood that the information is first received by other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the terminal chip by these modules. When the terminal chip sends information to the base station, it can be understood that the information is first sent to other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the base station by these modules.

[0334] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to a base station, the base station chip implements the functions of the base station in the above-mentioned method embodiment. When the base station chip receives information from the terminal, it can be understood that the information is first received by other modules in the base station (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the base station chip by these modules. When the base station chip sends information to the terminal, it can be understood that the information is sent to other modules in the base station (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the terminal by these modules.

[0335] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0336] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a base station or a terminal. The processor and storage medium can also exist in a base station or a terminal as discrete components.

[0337] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

[0338] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0339] It is understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily imply a specific order of execution; the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. A method for managing service quality, characterized in that: include: Determining first information, where the first information is used to indicate a first service quality of service (QoS) of a service; wherein the service includes at least one of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, artificial intelligence (AI) as a service, and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service and the QoS of some or all types of outputs of the at least one type of output; The first information is sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The sending of the first information includes: Part or all of the first information is sent to a second communication device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Before sending part or all of the first information to the second communication device, the method further includes: The service scheduling information is received from a fifth communication device, where the scheduling information is used to determine the second communication device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sending of the first information includes: The first information is sent to a fifth communication device.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sending of the first information includes: The first information is sent to the unified data pool UDR.

6. A method for service quality management, characterized in that: include: Receive first information from a first communication device, the first information being used to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Compute as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; the output of the service includes at least one first-type output, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service and the QoS of some or all of the at least one first-type output; and service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer; Second information is sent, where the second information is used to indicate task QoS of the K tasks or resource QoS of the K tasks, where the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by the first service QoS of the service.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The output of each of the K tasks includes at least one second type output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task and the QoS of part or all of the at least one second type output.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that Each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; The resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the task QoS of the K tasks.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service, including: The task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service and at least one of the following: the orchestration information of the service or a task QoS template.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: The orchestration information of the service is received from a fifth communication device.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: Orchestration information for the service is determined based on the service QoS of the service.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that The task QoS template meets any of the following conditions: The task QoS template is determined based on device information of one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device; The task QoS template is determined based on the service QoS of the service historically processed by the second communication device, the scheduling information of the historically processed service, and the task QoS of the historically processed service; The task QoS template is determined based on feedback information of historically processed task QoS from one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device.

13. A method for service quality management, characterized in that: include: receiving second information indicating task QoS of K tasks, where the K tasks are used to provide service data of services, where K is a positive integer; wherein the services include at least one of Network as a Service, Compute as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; Third information is sent, where the third information is used to indicate resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The output of each of the K tasks includes at least one type of output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all types of output among the at least one type of output.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that Each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; The resource QoS of each subtask includes one or more QoS features, and QoS parameters corresponding to each QoS feature.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: including a processing unit and a transceiver unit; The processing unit is configured to determine first information indicating a first service quality of service (QoS) of a service; wherein the service includes at least one of network as a service, computing as a service, perception as a service, artificial intelligence (AI) as a service, and data as a service; the output of the service includes at least one type of output, and the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service and the QoS of some or all types of outputs of the at least one type of output; The transceiver unit is used to send the first information.

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that The transceiver unit is configured to send the first information, including: The transceiver unit sends part or all of the first information to the second communication device.

18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that The transceiver unit is further configured to receive scheduling information of the service from a fifth communication device, where the scheduling information is used to determine the second communication device.

19. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that The transceiver unit is configured to send the first information, including: The transceiver unit sends the first information to a fifth communication device.

20. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that The transceiver unit is configured to send the first information, including: The transceiver unit sends the first information to a unified data pool UDR.

21. A communication device, characterized in that: including a processing unit and a transceiver unit; The transceiver unit is configured to receive first information from a first communication device, the first information being configured to indicate a first service QoS of a service; wherein the service includes at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; the output of the service includes at least one output of a first type, the first service QoS of the service includes the QoS of the service, and the QoS of some or all of the at least one first type of output; and the service data of the service is provided by at least K tasks, where K is a positive integer; The processing unit is configured to determine second information, where the second information is configured to indicate task QoS of the K tasks or resource QoS of the K tasks, where the task QoS of the K tasks and the resource QoS of the K tasks are determined by a first service QoS of the service; The transceiver unit is further configured to send the second information.

22. The device according to claim 21, characterized in that The output of each of the K tasks includes at least one second-type output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all of the at least one second-type output.

23. The device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that Each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; The resource QoS of the K tasks is determined by the task QoS of the K tasks.

24. The device according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that The task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service, including: The task QoS of the K tasks is determined by the service QoS of the service and at least one of the following: The orchestration information of the service and the task QoS template.

25. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that The device further comprises: The orchestration information of the service is received from a fifth communication device.

26. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that The device further comprises: Orchestration information for the service is determined based on the service QoS of the service.

27. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that The task QoS template meets any of the following conditions: The task QoS template is determined based on device information of one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device; The task QoS template is determined based on the service QoS of the service historically processed by the second communication device, the scheduling information of the historically processed service, and the task QoS of the historically processed service; The task QoS template is determined based on feedback information of historically processed task QoS from one or more third communication devices connected to the second communication device.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: including a processing unit and a transceiver unit; The transceiver unit is configured to receive second information, the second information being configured to indicate task QoS of K tasks, the K tasks being configured to provide service data of services, where K is a positive integer; wherein the services include at least one of Network as a Service, Computing as a Service, Perception as a Service, AI as a Service, and Data as a Service; The processing unit is used to determine third information, where the third information is used to indicate resource QoS of the K tasks, wherein the resource QoS of the K tasks is determined based on the task QoS of the K tasks; The transceiver unit is further configured to send third information.

29. The device according to claim 28, characterized in that The output of each of the K tasks includes at least one type of output, and the task QoS of each task includes the QoS of each task and the QoS of some or all types of output among the at least one type of output.

30. The device according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that Each of the K tasks includes one or more subtasks, and the resource QoS of the K tasks includes the resource QoS of the one or more subtasks; The resource QoS of each subtask includes one or more QoS features, and QoS parameters corresponding to each QoS feature.

31. A communication device, characterized in that: comprising at least one processor; The at least one processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

32. A readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by the communication device, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is implemented.

33. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

34. A communication system, characterized in that The system includes a first communication device and a second communication device; The first communication device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the second communication device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 6 to 12.

35. The system according to claim 34, wherein: The system further includes a third communication device, configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 13 to 15.

36. The system according to claim 35, wherein: The system further includes one or more fourth communication devices configured to perform processing based on the resource QoS.

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