Method and device for reporting information related to channel state in a wireless communication system

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. The disclosure relates to a method and device for reporting information related to channel state. In an aspect, there is provided a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a communication system, including: determining one joint coding method from at least one joint coding method, and performing encoding based on information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using the determined joint coding method, to obtain bit information; reporting to a base station based on the bit information, wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REPORTING INFORMATION RELATED TO CHANNEL STATE IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

[0001] The disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method and device for reporting information related to channel state.

[0002] Considering the development of wireless communication from generation to generation, the technologies have been developed mainly for services targeting humans, such as voice calls, multimedia services, and data services. Following the commercialization of 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, it is expected that the number of connected devices will exponentially grow. Increasingly, these will be connected to communication networks. Examples of connected things may include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machines, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to evolve in various form-factors, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and hologram devices. In order to provide various services by connecting hundreds of billions of devices and things in the 6th-generation (6G) era, there have been ongoing efforts to develop improved 6G communication systems. For these reasons, 6G communication systems are referred to as beyond-5G systems.

[0003] 6G communication systems, which are expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have a peak data rate of tera (1,000 giga)-level bps and a radio latency less than 100μsec, and thus will be 50 times as fast as 5G communication systems and have the 1 / 10 radio latency thereof.

[0004] In order to accomplish such a high data rate and an ultra-low latency, it has been considered to implement 6G communication systems in a terahertz band (for example, 95GHz to 3THz bands). It is expected that, due to severer path loss and atmospheric absorption in the terahertz bands than those in mmWave bands introduced in 5G, technologies capable of securing the signal transmission distance (that is, coverage) will become more crucial. It is necessary to develop, as major technologies for securing the coverage, radio frequency (RF) elements, antennas, novel waveforms having a better coverage than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), beamforming and massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and multiantenna transmission technologies such as large-scale antennas. In addition, there has been ongoing discussion on new technologies for improving the coverage of terahertz-band signals, such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS).

[0005] Moreover, in order to improve the spectral efficiency and the overall network performances, the following technologies have been developed for 6G communication systems: a full-duplex technology for enabling an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission to simultaneously use the same frequency resource at the same time; a network technology for utilizing satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), and the like in an integrated manner; an improved network structure for supporting mobile base stations and the like and enabling network operation optimization and automation and the like; a dynamic spectrum sharing technology via collision avoidance based on a prediction of spectrum usage; an use of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communication for improvement of overall network operation by utilizing AI from a designing phase for developing 6G and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and a next-generation distributed computing technology for overcoming the limit of user equipment (UE) computing ability through reachable super-high-performance communication and computing resources (such as mobile edge computing (MEC), clouds, and the like) over the network. In addition, through designing new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, developing mechanisms for implementing a hardware-based security environment and safe use of data, and developing technologies for maintaining privacy, attempts to strengthen the connectivity between devices, optimize the network, promote softwarization of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communications are continuing.

[0006] It is expected that research and development of 6G communication systems in hyper-connectivity, including person to machine (P2M) as well as machine to machine (M2M), will allow the next hyper-connected experience. Particularly, it is expected that services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and digital replica could be provided through 6G communication systems. In addition, services such as remote surgery for security and reliability enhancement, industrial automation, and emergency response will be provided through the 6G communication system such that the technologies could be applied in various fields such as industry, medical care, automobiles, and home appliances.

[0007] According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a communication system, comprising:

[0008] determining one joint coding method from at least one joint coding method,

[0009] performing encoding based on information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using the determined joint coding method, to obtain bit information;

[0010] reporting to a base station based on the bit information,

[0011] wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.

[0012] In an implementation, the determining one joint coding method from at least one joint coding method comprises:

[0013] receiving first configuration information including at least one of: index information of a joint coding method, compression ratio information of a joint coding method, output format related information of a joint coding method, input format related information of a joint coding method;

[0014] determining the joint coding method based on the first configuration information.

[0015] In an implementation, the method further comprises receiving indication information from the base station and determining whether to enable joint coding based on the indication information.

[0016] In an implementation, the information related to CSI includes at least one of: raw CSI information measured by the UE, precoding information decomposed based on the raw CSI information.

[0017] In an implementation, determining the joint coding method based on the first configuration information comprises:

[0018] determining a first output length based on compression ratio information of a joint coding method and input format related information in the first configuration information,

[0019] selecting the joint coding method from the at least one joint coding method based on the first output length.

[0020] In an implementation, the output format related information comprises an output length.

[0021] In an implementation, the first configuration information further includes information related to report quantity (reportQuantity) for indicating to report information related to raw CSI obtained by measurement, and

[0022] The input to the joint coding method is derived based on the information related to report quantity.

[0023] In an implementation, in case that the first configuration information further includes codebook type related information for indicating a joint source channel coding (JSCC) type,

[0024] processing the raw CSI measured by the UE to obtain information related to precoding;

[0025] encoding the information related to precoding to obtain the bit information using the determined joint coding method.

[0026] In an implementation, in a case that the first configuration information does not include codebook type related information for indicating a JSCC type,

[0027] encoding the raw CSI measured by the UE to obtain the bit information using the determined joint coding method.

[0028] In an implementation, the method further comprises reporting capability information related to joint coding to the base station,

[0029] wherein the capability information includes at least one of: information related to indexes of joint coding methods supported by the UE, information related to compression ratios of joint coding methods supported by the UE, input format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE, output format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE.

[0030] In an implementation, the input format related information comprises at least one of:

[0031] an arrangement of input data, a type of input data,

[0032] wherein the type of input data includes complex-valued, and / or real-valued.

[0033] In an implementation, the arrangement of input data of the joint coding method comprises at least one of:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] where represents the number of receive antennas of the UE, represents the number of transmit antennas of the base station, represents the number of subcarriers occupied by a reference signal to which complex-valued information related to the first channel corresponds, and represents the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal.

[0040] In an implementation, the joint encoding method comprises a neural network model-based method.

[0041] According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided a method performed by a base station in a communication system, comprising:

[0042] transmitting first configuration information to a user equipment (UE), the first configuration information including at least one of: index information of a joint coding method, compression ratio information of a joint coding method, output format related information of a joint coding method, input format related information of a joint coding method;

[0043] receiving reporting based on bit information from the UE,

[0044] wherein the bit information is obtained by encoding information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using a joint coding method determined based on the first configuration information,

[0045] wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.

[0046] In an implementation, the method further includes transmitting indication information to the UE, the indication information indicating whether to enable joint coding.

[0047] In an implementation, the information related to CSI includes at least one of: raw CSI information measured by the UE, precoding information decomposed based on the raw CSI information.

[0048] In an implementation, the first configuration information further includes information related to report quantity (reportQuantity) for indicating to report information related to raw CSI resulting from measurement, and

[0049] the input to the joint coding method is derived based on the information related to report quantity.

[0050] In an implementation, the first configuration information further includes codebook type related information for indicating a joint source channel coding (JSCC) type,

[0051] the bit information is obtained by coding information related to precoding using the determined joint coding method, wherein the information related to precoding is obtained by processing the raw CSI measured by the UE.

[0052] In an implementation, in case that the first configuration information does not include codebook type-related information indicating the JSCC type, the bit information is obtained by encoding the raw CSI measured by the UE using the determined joint coding method.

[0053] In an implementation, the method further includes receiving capability information related to joint coding from the UE,

[0054] wherein the capability information includes at least one of: information related to indexes of joint coding methods supported by the UE, information related to compression ratios of joint coding methods supported by the UE, input format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE, output format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE.

[0055] In an implementation, the input format related information comprises at least one of:

[0056] an arrangement of input data, a type of input data,

[0057] wherein the type of input data includes complex-valued, and / or real-valued.

[0058] In an implementation, the arrangement of input data of the joint coding method comprises at least one of:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] where represents the number of receive antennas of the UE, represents the number of transmit antennas of the base station, represents the number of subcarriers occupied by a reference signal to which complex-valued information related to the first channel corresponds, and represents the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal.

[0065] In an implementation, the joint encoding method comprises a neural network model-based method.

[0066] According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided a user equipment (UE) in a communication system, comprising:

[0067] a transceiver configured to transmit and / or receive a signal;

[0068] a controller configured to control the UE to perform the method according to at least one embodiment of the disclosure.

[0069] According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided a base station in a communication system, comprising:

[0070] a transceiver configured to transmit and / or receive a signal;

[0071] a controller configured to control the base station to perform a method according to at least one embodiment of the disclosure.

[0072] Aspects of the disclosure are to address at least the above-mentioned problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below. Accordingly, an aspect of the disclosure is to provide efficient communication methods in a wireless communication system.

[0073] For a more complete understanding of the disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts:

[0074] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network according to embodiments of the disclosure;

[0075] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station according to embodiments of the disclosure;

[0076] FIG. 3 illustrates an example user equipment according to embodiments of the disclosure;

[0077] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a method performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0078] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a CSI measurement procedure performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0079] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a set of models and a set of compression ratios in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure;

[0080] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a CSI reporting procedure performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0081] FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a signal processing procedure for joint coding performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure.;

[0082] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of a hardware device of a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0083] FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of a hardware device of a base station according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0084] FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a hardware device of a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

[0085] FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of a hardware device of a base station according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0086] Aspects of the disclosure are to address at least the above-mentioned problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below. Accordingly, an aspect of the disclosure is to provide a terminal and a communication method thereof in a wireless communication system.

[0087] Before undertaking the DETAILED DESCRIPTION below, it may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term "couple" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether those elements are in physical contact with one another. The terms "transmit," "receive," and "communicate," as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "include" and "comprise," as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term "or" is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase "associated with," as well as derivatives thereof, means to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have, have a property of, have a relationship to or with, or the like. The term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely. The phrase "at least one of," when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, "at least one of: A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. Likewise, the term "set" means one or more. Accordingly, a set of items can be a single item or a collection of two or more items.

[0088] Moreover, various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program code and embodied in a computer readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase "computer readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer readable medium" includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. A "non-transitory" computer readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device.

[0089] Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0090] The figures included herein, and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the disclosure are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Further, those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged wireless communication system.

[0091] FIGs. 1-12 below describe various embodiments of the disclosure implemented in wireless communications systems. The descriptions of FIGs. 1-12 are not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented in any suitably-arranged communications system.

[0092] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network according to embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network shown in FIG. 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 could be used without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0093] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the wireless network includes a base station (next generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) 101, a gNB 102, and a gNB 103. The gNB 101 communicates with the gNB 102 and the gNB 103. The gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0094] The gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within a coverage area 120 of the gNB 102. The first plurality of UEs includes a UE 111, which may be located in a small business; a UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); a UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); a UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R1); a UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R2); and a UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cell phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like. The gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a second plurality of UEs within a coverage area 125 of the gNB 103. The second plurality of UEs includes the UE 115 and the UE 116, as well as subscriber stations (SS, for example, UEs) 117, 118 and 119. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with the UEs 111-116 using existing wireless communication techniques, and one or more of the UE 111-119 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., UEs 117-119) using other existing or proposed wireless communication techniques.

[0095] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as transmit point (TP), transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced (or "evolved") base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a macrocell, a femtocell, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access point (AP), or other wirelessly enabled devices. Base stations may provide wireless access in accordance with one or more wireless communication protocols, e.g., 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), high speed packet access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a base station-type apparatus and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" (UE) can refer to any component such as a mobile station (MS), subscriber station (SS), remote terminal, wireless terminal, receive point, or user device. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a user equipment-type device and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile telephone or smartphone) or is normally considered a stationary device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0096] Dotted lines show the approximate extents of the coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for the purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that the coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as the coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending upon the configuration of the gNBs and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstructions.

[0097] As described in more detail below, one or more of the UEs 111-119 include circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, and one or more of the gNBs 101-103 includes circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof.

[0098] Although FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a wireless network, various changes may be made to FIG. 1. For example, the wireless network could include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Also, the gNB 101 could communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to the network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 could communicate directly with the network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to the network 130. Further, the gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 could provide access to other or additional external networks, such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks.

[0099] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station according to embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiment of the gNB 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 is for illustration only, and the gNBs 101 and 103 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, gNBs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 2 does not limit the scope of the disclosure to any particular implementation of a gNB.

[0100] As illustrated in FIG 2, the gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 200a-200n, multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers 201a-201n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 203, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 204. The gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 205, a memory 206, and a backhaul or network interface 207.

[0101] The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive, from the antennas 200a-200n, incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by UEs in the network 100. The RF transceivers 201a-201n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to the RX processing circuitry 204, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. The RX processing circuitry 204 transmits the processed baseband signals to the controller / processor 205 for further processing.

[0102] The TX processing circuitry 203 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, electronic mail, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 205. The TX processing circuitry 203 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 203 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals to RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 201a-201n.

[0103] The controller / processor 205 can include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 205 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceivers 201a-201n, the RX processing circuitry 204, and the TX processing circuitry 203 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 205 could support additional functions as well, such as more advanced wireless communication functions.

[0104] For instance, the controller / processor 205 could support beam forming or directional routing operations in which outgoing signals from multiple antennas 200a-200n are weighted differently to effectively steer the outgoing signals in a desired direction. Any of a wide variety of other functions could be supported in the gNB 102 by the controller / processor 205.

[0105] The controller / processor 205 is also capable of executing programs and other processes resident in the memory 206, such as an operating system (OS). The controller / processor 205 can move data into or out of the memory 206 as required by an executing process.

[0106] The controller / processor 205 is also coupled to the backhaul or network interface 207. The backhaul or network interface 207 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems over a backhaul connection or over a network. The interface 207 could support communications over any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs over a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or over a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). The interface 207 includes any suitable structure supporting communications over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0107] The memory 206 is coupled to the controller / processor 205. Part of the memory 206 could include a random access memory (RAM), and another part of the memory 206 could include a Flash memory or other read only memory (ROM).

[0108] Although FIG. 2 illustrates one example of gNB 102, various changes may be made to FIG. 2. For example, the gNB 102 could include any number of each component shown in FIG. 2. As a particular example, an access point could include a number of interfaces 207, and the controller / processor 205 could support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another particular example, while shown as including a single instance of TX processing circuitry 203 and a single instance of RX processing circuitry 204, the gNB 102 could include multiple instances of each (such as one per RF transceiver). Also, various components in FIG. 2 could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs.

[0109] FIG. 3 illustrates an example user equipment according to embodiments of the disclosure. The embodiment of the UE 116 illustrated in FIG. 3 is for illustration only, and the UEs 111-115 and 117-119 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, UEs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 3 does not limit the scope of the disclosure to any particular implementation of a UE.

[0110] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the UE 116 includes an antenna 301, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 302, TX processing circuitry 303, a microphone 304, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 305. The UE 116 also includes a speaker 306, a controller or processor 307, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 308, an input device 309, a touchscreen display 310, and a memory 311. The memory 311 includes an OS 312 and one or more applications 313.

[0111] The RF transceiver 302 receives, from the antenna 301, an incoming RF signal transmitted by a gNB of the network 100. The RF transceiver 302 down-converts the incoming RF signal to generate an IF or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to the RX processing circuitry 305, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuitry 305 transmits the processed baseband signal to the speaker 306 (such as for voice data) or to the processor 307 for further processing (such as for web browsing data).

[0112] The TX processing circuitry 303 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 304 or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, e-mail, or interactive video game data) from the processor 307. The TX processing circuitry 303 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 302 receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry 303 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 301.

[0113] The processor 307 can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute the OS 312 stored in the memory 311 in order to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 307 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver 302, the RX processing circuitry 305, and the TX processing circuitry 303 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 307 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0114] The processor 307 is also capable of executing other processes and programs resident in the memory 311, such as processes for channel state information (CSI) reporting on uplink channel. The processor 307 can move data into or out of the memory 311 as required by an executing process. In some embodiments, the processor 307 is configured to execute the applications 313 based on the OS 312 or in response to signals received from gNBs or an operator. The processor 307 is also coupled to the I / O interface 308, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 308 is the communication path between these accessories and the processor 307.

[0115] The processor 307 is also coupled to the touchscreen display 310. The user of the UE 116 can use the touchscreen display 310 to enter data into the UE 116. The touchscreen display 310 may be a liquid crystal display, light emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as from web sites.

[0116] The memory 311 is coupled to the processor 307. Part of the memory 311 could include RAM, and another part of the memory 311 could include a Flash memory or other ROM.

[0117] Although FIG. 3 illustrates one example of UE 116, various changes may be made to FIG. 3. For example, various components in FIG. 3 could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor 307 could be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Also, while FIG. 3 illustrates the UE 116 configured as a mobile telephone or smartphone, UEs could be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0118] Massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) has become a key technology for 5G, and very massive MIMO is promising to become a key technology for 6G. A typical massive MIMO scenario is that a base station (BS) with a large number of antennas can serve multiple user equipment (UE) simultaneously. In order to fully utilize the large number of antennas, the BS needs to know the instantaneous downlink channel state information (CSI). In Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, the BS estimates the uplink CSI through pilot signals transmitted by the UE, and can then infer the CSI for the downlink from the CSI for the uplink using the uplink and downlink channel reciprocity of the TDD system. In Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, since the uplink and downlink operate on different frequencies, the channel reciprocity is no longer satisfied. In FDD, a three-step interaction is employed to acquire the downlink CSI: (1) the BS first sends a pilot signal to the UE, (2) then the UE estimates the downlink CSI from the pilot signal, (3) finally the UE feeds back the estimated downlink CSI to the BS. This CSI feedback mechanism inevitably occupies part of the uplink resources and reduces the resources used for uplink data transmission.

[0119] To reduce the feedback overhead, a codebook-based approach is adopted in 5G, i.e., a codebook index instead of downlink CSI is fed back when reporting CSI (e.g., for Type I and Enhanced II). However, as the number of MIMO antennas increases from 5G to 6G (e.g., from massive MIMO to very massive MIMO), the codebook space is further enlarged and the feedback overhead is increased. Therefore, how to further enhance the performance related to CSI reporting is a problem to be solved. For example, to reduce CSI feedback overhead, channel characteristics may be exploited to compress CSI to an acceptable amount of data. Compressive sensing (CS)-based methods can convert CSI to a sparse representation to some extent, i.e., CSI information is generally considered to be sparse in its corresponding coordinates when converted to some high-dimensional space to represent, in which case only the coordinates of its sparse representation need to be fed back to reduce feedback overhead. But this sparsity assumption-the premise of the compressed sensing-based approach-is not strictly satisfied in practical systems, i.e., the high-dimensional space to which the sparse representation corresponds can not well found. Also, in the compressed sensing-based reconstruction algorithm, multiple iterations are typically required to reconstruct the signal, and the iterative method is very time consuming and cannot meet the latency requirement for compression and reconstruction of CSI of the communication system.

[0120] The CSI for massive MIMO can be seen as a high-dimensional, low-rank image. The problem with the CSI feedback task can be seen as the problem of compression and recovery of image. From this perspective, CSI compression and recovery can be based on a deep learning autoencoder (AE). The UE compresses the CSI information in the delay-Doppler domain or the space-frequency domain into a codeword of several tens of bits through an encoder, and feeds back the codeword to the BS, which may reconstruct the CSI information in the delay-Doppler domain or the space-frequency domain from the codeword through a decoder corresponding to the encoder. Such a deep learning-based CSI compression network may solve the feedback overhead problem of CSI.

[0121] However, from an overall system optimization perspective, the solution to the CSI feedback problem described above can be considered as a Separate Source Channel Coding (SSCC) scheme, i.e. source coding and channel coding are considered separately, without joint optimization. All of the CSI compression methods described above can be considered as source coding; while channel coding and subsequent modulation, air interface transmission, etc., are considered as ideal, without performance penalty, and that all compressed codewords can be perfectly fed back to the BS, when training the CSI compression network. However, it's impossible in practical wireless transmission scenarios, so SSCC has drawbacks in practical systems.

[0122] For example, SSCC has a cliff effect in an actual wireless transmission scenario, i.e. the probability of successful reconstruction of the feedback information decreases drastically with a slight deterioration of the actual channel conditions. In particular, if the actual feedback channel condition is worse than the expected channel condition and beyond the capability coverage of the applied channel coding scheme, the quality of reconstruction from the codeword to the CSI information at the BS side would be drastically degraded, and the reconstructed CSI information cannot be applied to the subsequent process. As another example, the performance of CSI information reconstruction with the SSCC scheme is theoretically inferior to the Joint Source Channel Coding (JSCC) scheme in case of limited channel coding length, due to lack of joint optimization of source coding and subsequent procedures. Whereas JSCC may provide smoother, higher-capped performance, which makes the reconstructed CSI more helpful for subsequent procedures of signal processing.

[0123] The disclosure proposes a communication procedure based on a joint coding method. By using this method, the following effects can be achieved: the performance cliff effect brought by the separate encoding procedure can be improved, and the performance upper limit can be improved. Also, the CSI joint coding method in the disclosure is derived based on information related to a channel that may be experienced in the CSI reporting process, which can make the joint coding method more adaptable to various different channel states, improving the universality of the joint coding method.

[0124] In some embodiments, as an exemplary description, the disclosure provides an artificial intelligence (AI)-based communication procedure for joint compression and coding feedback of CSI for a MIMO system, which can improve the performance cliff effect of the separate coding process, resulting in smoother performance variation at different signal-to-noise ratios, while also improving the final upper performance limit.

[0125] In an implementation, the joint coding method in the disclosure may be implemented using an artificial intelligence (AI) model. According to the method provided by the embodiments of the disclosure, the first information related to channel state may be input into the AI model to obtain second information of joint source channel coding (JSCC) of the information related to channel state, and feed back the second information obtained by joint coding to the base station, so that it is possible to improve the probability that the base station side successfully reconstructs or decodes the channel information while reducing the feedback overhead of the channel information.

[0126] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the disclosure, the UE may select a suitable AI model for such joint encoding according to the configuration information transmitted by the base station. The UE may also perform such joint coding according to enable indication transmitted by the base station, which may enable the operation of the UE to better match the capability of the UE.

[0127] In the disclosure, the described "joint coding method" may include an AI model, a neural network model, a deep learning-based model, and the like. Further, throughout the description herein, "sequence" is used to refer to a matrix, a vector, part of elements of a matrix, part of elements of a vector, information bit(s), bit(s), a sequence of bits, bit information, information, and the like, and expressions of "bit information," "information," and the like may also be used instead. In addition, descriptions of "user," "user equipment," "UE," and the like are used for convenience of description, and they all mean the same or similar meanings.

[0128] Embodiments of the disclosure will be more specifically described below in conjunction with examples.

[0129] FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a method performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 4, according to an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for reporting information related to channel state based on a neural network comprises: a user determining one of at least one joint coding methods; the user coding the complex-valued information associated with the first channel state based on the determined joint coding method to obtain coded bit information, and the user equipment performs CSI reporting based on the bit information.

[0130] In some examples, the joint coding method is a method for converting complex-valued information related to first channel into bit information according to information related to second channel. For example, the joint coding method is a method for coding the complex-valued information related to the first channel into bit information or generating bit information from the complex-valued information related to the first channel according to the second channel. The first channel may be, for example, channel information measured by the user, and the second channel may be, for example, an actual channel or a statistical channel experienced by the user during CSI reporting.

[0131] The user can determine a joint coding method suitable for the user's current situation among a plurality of joint coding methods capable of outputting bit information of a plurality of lengths according to the configuration of the base station, which can ensure maximum adaptation to system resources and maximum recovery of information related to channel state by the base station. And the beneficial effect of coding and reporting the channel state related information is that the information related to channel state is the most direct CSI matrix information that the user can measure, and after reporting to the base station, the base station can use the CSI matrix information more flexibly, which is advantageous for downlink precoding, and improving the overall performance of the system.

[0132] In some examples, the training procedure of the joint coding method may be optimized by taking into account the second channel information. For example, during training of the joint coding method, the information related to raw CSI measured by the UE is passed through the joint encoder as input information to obtain bit information, passed through the second channel information, received at the base station, and passed through the joint decoder to obtain information related to recovered CSI. Then, the information related to recovered CSI and the information related to raw CSI are jointly input into a loss function, a value of the loss function is calculated, and the joint encoder and / or the joint decoder are updated using the value of the loss function. Wherein the second channel information may be feature-expanded by a plurality of data enhancement methods to improve diversity of the second channel information. The main enhancement methods include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of the following methods: complex multiplication with random numbers, addition with random noise, random phase rotation, fixed phase rotation, random weighted addition of multiple sets of channel information, and the like. In conclusion, the second channel information can be used to better improve the universality of the joint coding method.

[0133] In some examples, the joint encoding method may be to encode a first channel-related complex-valued information of dimension resulting in bit information of length B, where the value of B is related to the joint encoding method. In some implementation of this example, the joint encoding method may be a neural network model composed of one or more neural network layers, each of which may be composed of a plurality of neurons, and the neurons may be activated by utilizing at least one activation function , such as, by way of example only and not limitation, a tanh function, a ReLU function, an eLU function, a seLU function, a ceLU function, a preLU function, a geLU function, a LeakyReLU function, a Sigmoid function, a Softmax function, a Softplus function, or the like. Each neural network layer may operate on its input data, implementing functions such as matrix transformation, data dimensionality reduction, data feature extraction, data feature combination, and the like. The combination ways between each neural network layer includes, but not limited to, in series or parallel, etc. , to construct a neural network model, whose structure includes, but not limited to, the popular underlying neural network structure such as Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), Graph Neural Network (GNN), Deep Belief Network (DBN), Bi-directional Recurrent Deep Neural Network (BRDNN), Transformer Network, etc., is formed in a mainstream manner including, but not limited to, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), and Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) and its variant network structure or the neural network structure obtained by combining with each other.

[0134] In some examples, in "the user equipment determines one of the at least one joint coding method according to the configuration" step, the user may obtain the configuration content through at least one of the following: Radio Resource Control Signaling (RRC), Downlink Control Information (DCI). Therein, the RRC signaling received by the user may include at least one of the following information: report quantity (e.g., reportQuantity), codebook type (codebookType), joint coding method index, joint coding method compression ratio, output format of joint coding method, input format of joint coding method. In an implementation, the DCI signaling received by the user may include a joint coding enable indication.

[0135] For example, in an implementation, a user may decide whether to start a joint coding procedure according to a joint coding indication received through DCI. If it is decided to start the joint coding process, the user may obtain information such as the report quantity, the codebook type, the index of the joint coding method and / or the compression ratio of the joint coding method, and / or the output format of the joint coding method, and / or the input format of the joint coding method from the RRC signaling. Wherein the user derived report quantity (e.g. reportQuantity) may be one of the following types: CSI-related feedback (CSI-related), L1-RSRP-related feedback (L1-RSRP-related), L1-SINR-related feedback (L1-SINR-related), Capability Index-related feedback (CapabilityIndex-related), Time Domain Channel Characterization-related feedback (TDCP-related), Full Channel Characterization-related feedback (FCP-related). The full channel characteristic related feedback is used to indicate reporting of information related to raw CSI measured, which may include, for example, channel characteristic related feedback in at least one of time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, or other domain. Further, the information related to raw CSI measured may include complex-valued information.

[0136] In some examples, the output format of the joint coding method may be the output length of the joint coding method. The input format of the joint encoding method may be an input information dimension of the joint encoding method, for example, the input information dimension may be at least one dimension, or a combination of at least one dimension.

[0137] In some examples, in case where the report quantity obtained by the user is full channel characteristic related feedback, the user may directly input the information related to measured channel into the joint coding method to obtain the jointly coded bit information.

[0138] In some examples, the codebook type obtained by the user may be one of the following codebooks: JSCC Type, Type I, Type II, Enhanced Type II, Further Enhanced Type II Port Selection CSI, Enhanced Type II for CJT, Further Enhanced Type II Port Selection for CJT, Enhanced Type II for predicted PMI, Further Enhanced Type II for predicted PMI.

[0139] In some examples, the user may determine the joint coding method based on at least one of: a joint coding method index, a joint coding method compression ratio, an output format of the joint coding method, an input format of the joint coding method. Wherein the user can explicitly determine the joint coding method through the joint coding method index or the joint coding method output format; the user may also implicitly determine the joint coding method by the joint coding method compression ratio in combination with the input format of joint coding method. For example, the user may calculate the rate matched output bit sequence length E that can be used for transmitting the bit information according to a first compression ratio and the input format of joint coding method, and select the joint coding method for which the output bit information length B is greater than or equal to E according to the rate matched output bit sequence length E.

[0140] In some examples, in the step of "the user encodes the complex-valued information related to the first channel state based on the determined joint coding method", the complex-valued information related to the first channel state may be complex-valued information or a sequence of complex values, which may be implemented in the form of a vector, a matrix, or the like. The dimensionality of the first channel state related complex-valued information may, for example, at least be related to the number of antenna ports of the downlink reference signal. The method by which the user obtains the first channel-related complex-valued information may be by at least one of: measuring a CSI matrix; measuring a precoding information matrix.

[0141] For example, in an implementation, the measured "CSI matrix" refers to the channel estimation results of the resource elements (REs) of the antenna ports carrying the CSI pilot signals configured for the CSI matrix measurement within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth in the configured pilot signal occasions.

[0142] In some examples, the pilot signal includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following signals: 1) a demodulation reference signal (DMRS);2) Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS);3) Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS). The channel estimation includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following algorithms: 1) least squares (LS);2) Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE);3) Linear Minimum Mean Square Error Method (LMMSE).

[0143] In some examples, the channel estimation result may be a result of the channel estimation algorithm for the plurality of resource elements or may be a linear average of the results of the channel estimation algorithm for the plurality of resource elements.

[0144] Taking CSI-RS and LS channel estimation algorithms as an example, an example of a user obtaining a CSI matrix by measuring is given as the user receives the CSI-RS and makes measurements according to the configuration of received signaling. If the joint coding is configured to enable and no codebook type is configured according to the signaling, the user can obtain the frequency domain channel state information matrix based on the LS algorithm after receiving the CSI-RS, which can be expressed as follows,

[0145]

[0146] Where denotes the CSI-RS signal received by the user, denotes the CSI-RS transmitted by the base station, and denotes the frequency-domain CSI matrix estimated based on the LS channel estimation algorithm. Where represents the number of receive antennas of the user, represents the number of transmit antennas of the base station, represents the number of subcarriers occupied by the CSI-RS, and represents the number of symbols occupied by the CSI-RS.

[0147] In the above method of measuring the CSI matrix, the user can measure the most direct CSI matrix information and report it to the base station, and the base station can use the CSI matrix information more flexibly.

[0148] In some examples, the measured "precoding information matrix" refers to the precoding information matrix obtained by a matrix factorization method after the CSI matrix obtained by the measurement method described above. The matrix factorization method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following decomposition methods: 1) Eigenvalue decomposition;2) Singular Value Decomposition. For example, the user receives the CSI-RS and makes measurements according to configuration of the received signaling. If the signaling configures joint coding enable and the codebook type is configured to be JSCC Type, the user receives the CSI-RS and obtains the frequency domain channel state information matrix based on the LS algorithm, which may be denoted as Where represents the channel state information for the i-th subcarrier and j-th symbol of the matrix which is of dimension Matrix decomposition is performed on each using the singular value decomposition method, resulting in Where U is a matrix of and can be represented as and each is a complex number representing an element of the i-th row and j-th column of the matrix U; is a matrix of which is a matrix consisting of a diagonal matrix and a zero matrix, which can be represented as if represented as if and represented as if Where represents a diagonal matrix of dimension ( being the smaller one of and , i.e., with all 0 elements in other places except the elements on the main diagonal with singular values;0is a matrix of all 0 elements, the dimension of the0matrix is and the dimension of the0matrix is if is an matrix that can be expressed as each being a complex number representing the elements of the matrix V in the i-th row and the j-th column. If the first largest r singular values in the singular value matrix ∑ correspond to the -th elements on the main diagonal, then the corresponding -th columns of the matrix V can be selected as the measured precoding information matrix, i.e., the precoding information matrix can be written as where denotes the th column of the matrix V.

[0149] The above method for measuring the precoding matrix reduces the information required for subsequent joint coding by the user, and can improve the success rate of the joint decoding of the base station and improve the overall system performance under the condition that uplink feedback resources are limited.

[0150] In some examples, in the step of "user encoding the complex-valued information related to the first channel state based on the determined joint coding method", the encoding refers to inputting the complex-valued information related to the first channel state into the determined joint coding method, to obtain bit information. Wherein the complex-valued information related to first channel state may include at least one of: 1) a CSI matrix The precoding matrix Where is the number of user-side receive antenna ports, is the number of base station-side transmit antenna ports, is the number of frequency-domain subcarriers, and is the number of time-domain symbols. The dimensional order (or referred to as input format) of the complex-valued information related to first channel-state when input to the joint coding method includes different placement orders of the multiple dimensions, such as, but is not limited to: , , , and the like.

[0151] Optionally, in the step of "user equipment performing CSI reporting based on bit information", the bit information may also be rate matched, multiplexed with other coded UCI sequences, modulated, OFDM modulated, etc., before the CSI reporting.

[0152] In some examples, if a user needs to report bit information and other encoded UCI sequences simultaneously, the bit information may be time-frequency domain multiplexed with the other encoded UCI sequences, the bit information may be concatenated with the other encoded UCI sequences, and then may be subjected to subsequent procedures such as modulation.

[0153] If the joint coding process is not enabled, the measurement is performed according to the separate coding process.

[0154] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a CSI measurement procedure performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the UE first determines whether joint coding is enabled. If it is determined that joint coding is enabled, it is determined whether a JSCC type codebook is configured by the base station. If it is determined that the JSCC type codebook is configured, the UE measures CSI information and calculates precoding information based on the measured CSI information, inputs the calculated precoding information as complex valued information related to first channel state into the determined joint coding method to obtain bit information for reporting, and reports the bit information. If it is determined that the JSCC type codebook is not configured, the UE measures the CSI information and inputs the measured CSI information as complex valued information related to first channel state into the determined joint coding method to obtain bit information for reporting, and reports the bit information. If the UE determines that joint coding is disbaled, i.e., not enabled, the UE measures the non-jointly coded CSI information and reports.

[0155] Optionally, in some examples, the joint coding capability may also be reported before the user performs measurement of a channel state related sequence according to the configuration. Wherein the "joint coding capability" includes at least one of the following information: 1) a set of indices of joint coding methods, 2) a set of compression ratios of joint coding methods. The benefit of the user reporting capability is that the base station can be informed whether it has joint coding capability. The base station may decide whether or not to configure joint coding based on the capability reported by the user.

[0156] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a CSI reporting procedure performed by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the UE may send a capability report to the BS according to a set of supported models and / or a set of ratios. The set of models supported by the UE may also be described as a collection of joint coding methods or a set of joint coding methods, and the set of ratios supported by the UE may also be described as a collection of compression ratios or a set of joint coding methods compression ratios. The UE may send a set of indices of joint coding methods and / or a set of compression ratios of joint coding methods to the BS in a capability report.

[0157] In some examples, the BS may send the configuration information to the UE through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), which may include, for example, at least one of: index information of the joint coding method, compression ratio information of the joint coding method. For example, the BS may configure the joint coding method to the UE by configuring a joint coding method index or a joint coding method compression ratio. Further, the BS may send a joint coding enable indication to the UE through lower layer signaling (e.g., DCI information) for triggering the UE to perform operations related to joint coding, reporting of information related to channel state. In addition, the BS transmits a CSI-related reference signal to the UE so that the UE can measure the information related to CSI. By JSCC encoding the information related to measured CSI, the UE may transmit a CSI report to the BS. The BS, through the corresponding JSCC decoder, may decode the CSI report to obtain the information related to CSI.

[0158] In some examples, the indexed set of joint coding methods refers to a set of numbers of joint coding methods corresponding to the encoding, different numbers in the set corresponding to joint coding methods with different structures. For example, the index set of the joint coding method where is a natural number.

[0159] In some examples, the set of compression ratios of joint coding methods refers to a set of ratios of the amount of output data of the joint coding method to the amount of input data of the joint coding method. Where the amount of data refers to the number of all real or complex numbers input or output by the joint coding method. For example, the joint coding method compression ratio set where can be expressed as below: the input information of the joint coding method is expressed as the input data amount is expressed as and the set can be expressed as a set of complex numbers or a set of real numbers; the output after encoding by the joint encoding method is represented as the amount of data output is represented as and the set can be represented as a set of complex numbers or a set of real numbers; then the compression ratio of the joint coding method is Where represent the first dimension, the second dimension, to the n-th dimension of input information of the joint coding method, respectively, and represent the first dimension, the second dimension, to the m-th dimension of output information of the joint coding method. Where n and m are both natural numbers.

[0160] FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a set of models (e.g., joint coding methods) and a set of compression ratios according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 6, model 0may receive a number of different total input dimensions: total input dimension 1,... total input dimension n1, and produce output data of output dimension 1;the model kmay receive a plurality of different total input dimensions: total input dimension 1,... total input dimension nk, and produce output data of output dimension k, where k, n1, nkare positive integers. Where the total input dimension is the amount of input data, for example, the total input dimension n may be represented as where are respective dimensions of the input data; The output dimension is the amount of output data, for example the output dimension n may be represented as where are the respective dimensions of the output data.

[0161] In some embodiments, the complex-valued information associated with the first channel state is encoded corresponding to the user, and the base station, upon receipt of the encoded information sequence, selects the corresponding joint decoding method for decoding based on the index of the joint coding method and the compression ratio of the joint coding method. Wherein said joint decoding method is at least one of: a joint decoding method co-trained with the joint coding method; a joint decoding method not co-trained with the joint coding method, but that can achieve the same or similar decoding performance. The same or similar decoding performance refers to the same or similar system throughput can be achieved after performing downlink precoding with the recovered CSI information and / or precoding information after decoding .

[0162] In some examples, if base station has configured joint coding to be enabled and no codebook type is configured, the configured joint coding method index is then the length of bit information received by the length of bit information received by the base station is The base station selects a joint decoding method which is co-trained with the joint coding method, for decoding, resulting in reconstructed CSI information The advantage of this method is that the selection of a joint decoding method that is co-trained results in a better evaluation of the decoding performance. The decoding performance evaluation metric herein specifically refers to the similarity between the decoded and reconstructed CSI information and / or precoding information and the user measured CSI information and / or precoding information, including but not limited to one of the following: normalized mean square error, cosine similarity, system throughput. The system throughput herein refers to a system downlink throughput after the base station performs downlink precoding using the reconstructed and decoded CSI information and / or precoding information .

[0163] In some examples, if the base station has configured joint coding to be enabled and the configured codebook type is JSCC Type and the configured joint coding method index is then the length of bit information received by the base station is The base station selects a joint decoding method that is not co-trained with the joint coding method for joint decoding, resulting in a reconstructed precoding matrix An advantage of this approach is that selecting a joint decoding method that is not co-trained with the joint coding method is beneficial in reducing the coupling between codec models and reducing the training data transmission overhead between codec models.

[0164] In some examples, the processing procedure of CSI related information is shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 8 shows two types of PUCCH processing procedures related to CSI. In the first processing procedure, the compression methods of CSI-related information include but are not limited to at least one of: codebook-based, AI model-based. The above methods only focuse on removing the redundancy in the original CSI information, which can be considered as source coding. After compression, the deployed quantizer quantizes the compressed information from floating-point numbers to bit information, which may be multiplexed with bit information from other sources. Finally, channel coding is performed. If joint coding is used to report CSI related information, the second processing procedure can be used, as shown in FIG. 8. In the second processing procedure, the main difference from the first processing procedure is that the source compression module and the channel coding module are removed, and the joint coding module is deployed. It should be noted that the receive side also needs to deploy a joint decoding module for decoding. In addition to the joint coding and decoding modules, UE capability reporting, model scheduling, model monitoring and coding fallback mechanisms may also be included to ensure the stability of the above method.

[0165] In some examples, the joint coding model may be a two-side model of an Autoencoder structure. An autoencoder includes an encoder and a decoder. The two-side model refers to the model deployed on both sides of the transmit side and receive side, such as the encoder deployed on the UE side and the decoder deployed on the base station side. In order to make the encoder and decoder work together, the encoder and decoder can be AI models obtained by joint training. Considering that the above two models realize mirror functionality, we also configure mirrored architecture of these two models, that is, the encoder on the UE side includes a linear layer for feature reduction, a multi-layer Transformer backbone, and a linear layer for output, and the decoder on the BS side is with the inverse architecture of the encoder. In addition, a quantizer follows the encoder and a de-quantizer precedes the decoder, enabling the conversion from floating numbers to bits and from bits to floating numbers, respectively.

[0166] In some examples, during the training phase, channel distortion is incorporated to the joint coding model, allowing the joint coding model to learn how to handle channel distortion. Channel distortion includes but is not limited to at least one of: additive white noise, phase noise and bit flip. Among them, additive white noise refers to adding Gaussian white noise to the signal from encoder to decoder. Phase noise refers to random noise that adds phase to the signal from encoder to decoder. Bit flip means that the bit information output by the quantizer is randomly flipped into 1 or 0 by 0 or 1. The randomness of the above channel distortion is controlled by the signal-to-noise ratio. For example, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the lower the probability of bit flip, and vice versa. Finally, the original CSI information passes through modules such as the encoder, quantizer, channel distortion, dequantizer, decoder and the like to get the recovered CSI information, finally the loss function value between the recovered CSI information and the original CSI information is calculated, and then update the coefficients of the encoder and / or decoder module in the negative gradient direction of the loss function. The loss function includes but is not limited to at least one of: minimum mean square error and cosine similarity. The quantizer and dequantizer can be uniform and / or non-uniform quantizers and dequantizers with fixed parameters, and their parameters do not participate in updating. The quantizer and dequantizer can also be uniform and / or non-uniform quantizers and dequantizers with variable parameters, and their parameters will be updated together with the updating of encoder and / or decoder coefficients.

[0167] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of a user equipment 900 According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 9, the user equipment 900 includes a transceiver 901 and a controller 902. The transceiver 901 is configured to transmit data or signals and to receive data or signals. The controller 902 is coupled with the transceiver 901 and configured to perform control to cause the user equipment 900 to perform a method according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In an implementation, the user equipment 900 may further include a memory (not shown) having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the controller 902, may perform at least one method according to the above-described embodiments of the disclosure.

[0168] FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of a base station 1000 According to at least one embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 10, the base station 1000 includes a transceiver 1001 and a controller 1002. The transceiver 1001 is configured to transmit data or signals and to receive data or signals. The controller 1002 is coupled with the transceiver 1001 and configured to perform control such that the base station 1000 performs a method according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In an implementation, the base station 1000 may further include a memory (not shown) having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the controller 1002, may perform at least one method according to the above-described embodiments of the disclosure.

[0169] FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a user equipment (UE), according to an embodiment as disclosed herein.

[0170] As shown in FIG. 11, the UE according to an embodiment may include a transceiver 1110, a memory 1120, and a processor 1130. The transceiver 1110, the memory 1120, and the processor 1130 of the UE may operate according to a communication method of the UE described above. However, the components of the UE are not limited thereto. For example, the UE may include more or fewer components than those described above. In addition, the processor 1130, the transceiver 1110, and the memory 1120 may be implemented as a single chip. Also, the processor 1130 may include at least one processor. Furthermore, the UE of FIG. 11 corresponds to the UE of the FIG. 9.

[0171] The transceiver 1110 collectively refers to a UE receiver and a UE transmitter, and may transmit / receive a signal to / from a base station or a network entity. The signal transmitted or received to or from the base station or a network entity may include control information and data. The transceiver 1110 may include a RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying a frequency of a transmitted signal, and a RF receiver for amplifying low-noise and down-converting a frequency of a received signal. However, this is only an example of the transceiver 1110 and components of the transceiver 1110 are not limited to the RF transmitter and the RF receiver.

[0172] Also, the transceiver 1110 may receive and output, to the processor 1130, a signal through a wireless channel, and transmit a signal output from the processor 1130 through the wireless channel.

[0173] The memory 1120 may store a program and data required for operations of the UE. Also, the memory 1120 may store control information or data included in a signal obtained by the UE. The memory 1120 may be a storage medium, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk, a CD-ROM, and a DVD, or a combination of storage media.

[0174] The processor 1130 may control a series of processes such that the UE operates as described above. For example, the transceiver 1110 may receive a data signal including a control signal transmitted by the base station or the network entity, and the processor 1130 may determine a result of receiving the control signal and the data signal transmitted by the base station or the network entity.

[0175] FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 12, the base station according to an embodiment may include a transceiver 1210, a memory 1220, and a processor 1230. The transceiver 1210, the memory 1220, and the processor 1230 of the base station may operate according to a communication method of the base station described above. However, the components of the base station are not limited thereto. For example, the base station may include more or fewer components than those described above. In addition, the processor 1230, the transceiver 1210, and the memory 1220 may be implemented as a single chip. Also, the processor 1230 may include at least one processor. Furthermore, the base station of FIG. 12 corresponds to the base station of the FIG. 10.

[0177] The transceiver 1210 collectively refers to a base station receiver and a base station transmitter, and may transmit / receive a signal to / from a terminal(UE) or a network entity. The signal transmitted or received to or from the terminal or a network entity may include control information and data. The transceiver 1210 may include a RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying a frequency of a transmitted signal, and a RF receiver for amplifying low-noise and down-converting a frequency of a received signal. However, this is only an example of the transceiver 1210 and components of the transceiver 1210 are not limited to the RF transmitter and the RF receiver.

[0178] Also, the transceiver 1210 may receive and output, to the processor 1230, a signal through a wireless channel, and transmit a signal output from the processor 1230 through the wireless channel.

[0179] The memory 1220 may store a program and data required for operations of the base station. Also, the memory 1220 may store control information or data included in a signal obtained by the base station. The memory 1220 may be a storage medium, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk, a CD-ROM, and a DVD, or a combination of storage media.

[0180] The processor 1230 may control a series of processes such that the base station operates as described above. For example, the transceiver 1210 may receive a data signal including a control signal transmitted by the terminal, and the processor 1230 may determine a result of receiving the control signal and the data signal transmitted by the terminal.

[0181] The foregoing description is intended to illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It is intended that all changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention be included within the scope of the appended claims.

[0182] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes apparatus for performing one or more of the operations described herein. These devices may be specially designed and manufactured for the desired purpose, or may include known devices in general purpose computers. These devices have a computer program stored therein which is selectively activated or reconfigurable. Such a computer program may be stored in a device (e.g., a computer) readable medium including, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, ROM (Read-Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory, magnetic cards, or optical cards or in any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and respectively coupled to a bus. That is, the readable medium includes any medium that can store or transmit information in a form that can be read by a device (e.g., a computer).

[0183] It will be understood by those of skill in the art that each block of the structure diagrams and / or block diagrams and / or flow diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the structure diagrams and / or block diagrams and / or flow diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. Those skilled in the art can understand that these computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a specialized computer, or other programmable data processing methods to be implemented, so that the schemes specified in the block or blocks of the structure diagrams and / or block diagrams and / or flow diagrams disclosed in the present invention are executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing methods.

[0184] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various operations, methods, steps in processes, measures, schemes that have been discussed in the present invention may be alternated, altered, combined, or deleted. Further, other steps, measures, schemes of the various operations, methods, processes, processes that have been discussed in the present invention may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, disassembled, combined, or deleted. Further, steps, measures, schemes of various operations, methods, processes and processes disclosed in the present invention may also be alternated, modified, rearranged, broken down, combined or deleted.

[0185] While the foregoing is merely a partial implementation of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and that such modifications and adaptations are to be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising:determining a joint coding method from at least one joint coding method,performing encoding based on information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using the joint coding method, to obtain bit information; andreporting to a base station (BS) based on the bit information,wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the joint coding method from the at least one joint coding method comprises:receiving first configuration information including at least one of: index information of a joint coding method, compression ratio information of a joint coding method, output format related information of a joint coding method, input format related information of a joint coding method; andwherein the joint coding method is determined based on the first configuration information.3.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving indication information from the BS, anddetermining whether to enable joint coding based on the indication information.4.The method of claim 1, wherein the information related to the CSI comprises at least one of raw CSI information measured by the UE, or precoding information decomposed based on the raw CSI information.5.The method of claim 2, wherein determining of the joint coding method from the at least one joint coding method comprises:determining a first output length based on the compression ratio information and input format related information of a joint coding method in the first configuration information; andwherein the joint coding method is determined based on the first output length.6.The method of claim 5, wherein the output format related information comprises an output length.7.The method of claim 2, wherein the first configuration information further comprises report quantity (reportQuantity) related information for indicating to report information related to raw CSI obtained by measurement, andwherein the input to the joint coding method is derived based on the report quantity related information.8.The method of claim 2, wherein, in case that the first configuration information further includes codebook type-related information for indicating a joint source channel coding (JSCC) type, the method further comprises:processing raw CSI measured by the UE to obtain information related to precoding;encoding the information related to precoding to obtain the bit information using the joint coding method.9.The method of claim 2, wherein, in case that the first configuration information does not include codebook type-related information for indicating a JSCC type, the method further comprises:encoding the raw CSI measured by the UE using the determined joint coding method, to obtain the bit information.10.The method of claim 1, further comprising:reporting capability information related to joint coding to the BS,wherein the capability information includes at least one of: information related to indexes of joint coding methods supported by the UE, information related to compression ratios of joint coding methods supported by the UE, input format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE, or output format related information of joint coding methods supported by the UE.11.The method of claim 2, wherein the input format related information comprises at least one of an arrangement of input data, or a type of input data, andwherein the type of input data includes complex-valued, and / or real-valued.12.The method of claim 11, wherein the arrangement of input data of the joint coding method comprises at least one of:andwhererepresents the number of receive antennas of the UE,represents the number of transmit antennas of the base station,represents the number of subcarriers occupied by a reference signal to which complex-valued information related to the first channel corresponds, andrepresents the number of symbols occupied by the reference signal.13.A method performed by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system, comprising:transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), the first configuration information including at least one of: index information of a joint coding method, compression ratio information of a joint coding method, output format-related information of a joint coding method, or input format-related information of a joint coding method;receiving, from the UE, a report based on bit information,wherein the bit information is obtained by encoding information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using a joint coding method determined based on the first configuration information,wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.14.A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising:a transceiver; anda controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to:determine a joint coding method from at least one joint coding method,encode based on information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using the joint coding method, to obtain bit information; andreport to a base station (BS) based on the bit information,wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.15.A base station (BS) in a wireless communication communication system, comprising:a transceiver; anda controller coupled with the transceiver and configured to:transmit, to a user equipment (UE), the first configuration information including at least one of: index information of a joint coding method, compression ratio information of a joint coding method, output format-related information of a joint coding method, or input format-related information of a joint coding method;receive, from the UE, a report based on bit information,wherein the bit information is obtained by encoding information related to channel state information (CSI) obtained by the UE measuring a first channel using a joint coding method determined based on the first configuration information,wherein the joint coding method is derived based on information related to a second channel for CSI reporting.

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