Communication method and apparatus, communication device, communication system, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium, and a program product. The method is executed by a first network element. The method comprises: acquiring first information. The first information is used for performing QoS processing for a change in a traffic characteristic of a first data flow associated with a first service. According to the solution of the present disclosure, support for QoS processing when there are dynamic changes in traffic characteristics is provided.

Description

Communication method and device, communication equipment, communication system and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus, communication equipment, a communication system, a storage medium, and a program product. Background Art

[0002] In communication technologies such as the fifth generation mobile networks (5G), mobile media services, online extended reality (XR), online games, and video-based remote control of machines or drones are expected to contribute an increasing amount of traffic to communication networks.

[0003] Currently, due to the high throughput, low latency, and high reliability requirements of XRM and eXtended Reality and interactive media services, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the quality of service (QoS) characteristics of a specific service data flow (SDF) in a service.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method and apparatus, communication equipment, a communication system, a storage medium, and a program product.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a first network element. The method includes: obtaining first information, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0007] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a second network element. The method includes: sending first information to a first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0008] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a third network element. The method includes: sending first information to a second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a fourth network element. The method includes: sending first information to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0010] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a first device and includes: receiving second information, wherein the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

[0011] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided. The method is performed by a core network. The core network includes a first network element, a second network element, and a third network element. The method includes: the third network element sending first information to the second network element; and the second network element sending first information to the first network element; wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0012] According to aspect 7 of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The device is disposed in a first network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to obtain first information, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0013] According to aspect 8 of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The device is disposed in a second network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0014] According to aspect 9 of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The device is disposed in a third network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0015] According to aspect 10 of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The device is disposed in a fourth network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0016] According to an eleventh aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication apparatus is provided. The apparatus is provided on a first device. The apparatus includes a transceiver module configured to receive second information, wherein the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

[0017] According to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method described in any one of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth aspects.

[0018] According to a thirteenth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes: a first network element configured to implement the communication method described in the first aspect; a second network element configured to implement the communication method described in the second aspect; a third network element configured to implement the communication method described in the third aspect; a fourth network element configured to implement the communication method described in the fourth aspect; and a first device configured to implement the communication method described in the fifth aspect.

[0019] According to a fourteenth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided. The storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the communication method described in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect.

[0020] According to a fifteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a program product is provided. When executed by a communication device, the program product causes the communication device to execute the communication method described in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect.

[0021] According to a sixteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer program is provided, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute the communication method according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect.

[0022] According to a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure, a chip or chip system is provided. The chip or chip system includes a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to execute the communication method described in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect.

[0023] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide support for QoS processing in the case of dynamic changes in traffic characteristics.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and do not constitute limitations on the embodiments of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] FIG1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an implementation of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG1C is a schematic diagram of an architecture of another implementation of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG2B is an interactive diagram of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG3A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG3B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG4A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG4B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG6A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG6B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG7A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG7B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG8 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIG9A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG9B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] FIG9C is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG9D is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG10A is an interaction diagram of an exemplary implementation of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG10B is an interaction diagram of an exemplary implementation of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG10C is an interaction diagram of an exemplary implementation of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG12A is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG12B is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method and apparatus, communication equipment, a communication system, a storage medium, and a program product.

[0052] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. The method is performed by a first network element. The method includes: obtaining first information, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0053] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0054] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0055] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0056] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0057] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; and continuous change information.

[0058] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0059] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the operation of obtaining the first information may include at least one of the following: receiving the first information sent by the second network element through the control plane CP; obtaining the locally configured first information.

[0060] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: performing QoS processing according to the first information.

[0061] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may include at least one of the following: detecting changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream; receiving changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream sent by the first device.

[0062] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: sending second information to the first device, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device.

[0063] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data flow are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0064] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: sending third information to the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0065] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. The method is performed by a second network element. The method includes: sending first information to a first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0066] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0067] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0068] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0069] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0070] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; and continuous change information.

[0071] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0072] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: sending second information to the first device, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device.

[0073] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0074] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: receiving first information sent by a third network element.

[0075] In combination with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may also include: receiving third information sent by the first network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and sending the third information to a third network element.

[0076] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. The method is performed by a third network element. The method includes: sending first information to a second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0077] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0078] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0079] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0080] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0081] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; and continuous change information.

[0082] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0083] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: receiving first information sent by a fourth network element.

[0084] In combination with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may also include: receiving third information sent by the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and sending the third information to a fourth network element.

[0085] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. The method is performed by a fourth network element. The method includes: sending first information to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0086] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0087] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0088] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0089] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0090] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0091] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0092] In combination with some embodiments of the fourth aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: receiving third information sent by a third network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0093] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method. The method is performed by a first device. The method includes: receiving second information, wherein the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

[0094] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0095] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0096] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0097] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0098] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0099] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: determining QoS parameters based on the second information.

[0100] In combination with some embodiments of the fifth aspect, in some embodiments, the above method may further include: dynamically adjusting the transmission resources according to the second information and / or QoS parameters.

[0101] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method. The method is performed by a core network. The core network includes a first network element, a second network element, and a third network element. The method includes: the third network element sending first information to the second network element; and the second network element sending the first information to the first network element; wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0102] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communications device. The device is disposed in a first network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to obtain first information, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0103] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0104] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0105] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0106] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0107] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0108] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0109] In conjunction with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module may be configured to: receive first information sent by the second network element via the control plane CP. The above-mentioned communication device may include a processing module. The processing module is configured to: obtain the first information configured locally.

[0110] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the processing module can be configured to: perform QoS processing according to the first information.

[0111] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the processing module can be configured to: detect changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the transceiver module can be configured to: receive changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream sent by the first device.

[0112] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: send second information to the first device, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device.

[0113] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0114] In combination with some embodiments of the seventh aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can be configured to: send third information to the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0115] In an eighth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communications device. The device is disposed in a second network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0116] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0117] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0118] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0119] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0120] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0121] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0122] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: send second information to the first device, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device.

[0123] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0124] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: receive first information sent by a third network element.

[0125] In combination with some embodiments of the eighth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: receive third information sent by the first network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and send the third information to a third network element.

[0126] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communications device. The device is disposed in a third network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0127] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0128] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0129] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0130] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0131] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0132] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0133] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: receive first information sent by the fourth network element.

[0134] In combination with some embodiments of the ninth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: receive third information sent by the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and send the third information to the fourth network element.

[0135] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communications device. The device is disposed in a fourth network element. The device includes a transceiver module. The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

[0136] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0137] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data stream are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; event subscription information, used to indicate event subscriptions associated with changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream.

[0138] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0139] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0140] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0141] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0142] In combination with some embodiments of the tenth aspect, in some embodiments, the transceiver module can also be configured to: receive third information sent by a third network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0143] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus. The apparatus is provided on a first device. The apparatus includes a transceiver module configured to receive second information, wherein the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

[0144] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristics of the first data flow are dynamically changing; filtering rule information, used to indicate the filtering rules for the changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0145] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: traffic burst size; maximum stream bit rate; periodicity; N6 jitter; burst arrival time; burst end; burst interval; codec type; attached device information; connection migration.

[0146] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the periodicity may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts; periodicity of PDU sets; periodicity related to network performance; periodicity related to service content.

[0147] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information; semi-random change information; continuous change information.

[0148] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; a change in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; or periodic triggering.

[0149] In conjunction with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the apparatus may further include a processing module, wherein the processing module is configured to: determine a QoS parameter according to the second information.

[0150] In combination with some embodiments of the eleventh aspect, in some embodiments, the processing module may also be configured to: dynamically adjust the transmission resources according to the second information and / or QoS parameters.

[0151] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method as described in any one of the first aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0152] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method as described in any one of the second aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0153] In a fourteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method as described in any one of the third aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0154] In a fifteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method as described in any one of the fourth aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0155] In a sixteenth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication device. The communication device includes: one or more processors; and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the communication device, the communication device implements the communication method as described in any one of the fifth aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0156] In a seventeenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system. The communication system includes: a first network element, configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the first aspect and possible embodiments thereof; a second network element, configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the second aspect and possible embodiments thereof; a third network element, configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the third aspect and possible embodiments thereof; a fourth network element, configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the fourth aspect and possible embodiments thereof; and a first device, configured to implement the communication method as described in any one of the fifth aspect and possible embodiments thereof.

[0157] In an eighteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a storage medium. The storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the communication method as described in any one of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth aspects and possible embodiments thereof.

[0158] In a nineteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a program product. When executed by a communication device, the program product causes the communication device to perform the communication method as described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect, and possible embodiments thereof.

[0159] In a twentieth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program. When the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer executes the communication method as described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect, and possible embodiments thereof.

[0160] In a twenty-first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to execute the communication method as described in any one of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth aspects and possible embodiments thereof.

[0161] It is understandable that the above-mentioned communication devices, communication equipment, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, and chip systems are all used to perform the methods provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods and will not be repeated here.

[0162] The present disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus, a communication device, a communication system, a storage medium, and a program product. In some embodiments, the terms communication method, information processing method, and information transmission method are interchangeable; the terms communication device, communication device, network device, network function, and network entity are interchangeable; and the terms communication system and information processing system are interchangeable.

[0163] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0164] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0165] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0166] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English are used in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0167] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more than two.

[0168] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one", "one or more", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0169] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "A in one case, B in another case," or "in response to one case A, in response to another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0170] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0171] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and no unnecessary restriction should be constituted due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for example, if the description object is "information", then the "second information" and the "first information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0172] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0173] In some embodiments, terms such as "in response to...", "in response to determining...", "in the case of...", "at the time of...", "when...", "if...", "if...", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0174] In some embodiments, terms such as "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not less than", and "above" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than", "less than or equal to", "not more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", and "below" can be replaced with each other.

[0175] In some embodiments, devices, etc. can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as "device", "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "chip", "chip system", "entity", and "subject" can be used interchangeably.

[0176] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in the network (eg, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.).

[0177] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)", "radio access network device (RAN device)", "base station (BS)", "radio base station" "fixed station", "node", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission / reception point (TRP)" "panel", "antenna panel", "antenna array", "cell", "macro cell", "small cell", "femto cell", "pico cell", "sector", "cell group", "serving cell", "carrier", "component carrier", "bandwidth part (BWP)" and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0178] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0179] In some embodiments, the access network device, the core network device, or the network device can be replaced by a terminal. For example, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a structure in which the communication between the access network device, the core network device, or the network device and the terminal is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, it is also possible to set the structure in which the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be replaced by terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. can be replaced by side channels, and uplinks, downlinks, etc. can be replaced by side links.

[0180] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, the core network device, or the network device may have a structure that has all or part of the functions of the terminal.

[0181] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0182] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0183] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0184] FIG1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1A , a communication system 100 includes a terminal 101 , a first device 102 , and a core network 103 .

[0185] In some embodiments, the terminal 101 includes, for example, a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and at least one of a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first device 102 may be an access network device.

[0187] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that accesses a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first device 102 may be a wireless access network device. In some embodiments, the first device 102 may be an access network device using other communication technologies.

[0189] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the open radio access network (Open RAN) architecture. In this case, the interfaces between access network devices or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0190] In some embodiments, the first device 102 can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network device, with the functions of some protocol layers centrally controlled by the CU, and the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0191] In some embodiments, the core network 103 may be a device including a first network element 1031, a second network element 1032, a fifth network element 1035, a third network element 1033, a fourth network element 1034, a sixth network element 1036, a seventh network element 1037, etc., or may be a plurality of devices or a device group including all or part of the first network element 1031, the second network element 1032, the fifth network element 1035, the third network element 1033, the fourth network element 1034, the sixth network element 1036, the seventh network element 1037, etc. The network element may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), and a next generation core (NGC).

[0192] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may be, for example, a user plane function (UPF).

[0193] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 can be used to implement functions such as user plane (UP) data forwarding, session / flow-level based billing statistics, bandwidth limitation, UP QoS processing, etc., and the name is not limited thereto.

[0194] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may be, for example, a session management function (SMF).

[0195] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 can be used to perform session management, execution of PCF control policy, UPF selection, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and other functions, the name is not limited to this.

[0196] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may be, for example, an application server (AS).

[0197] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may be configured to provide support for services subscribed by users, and the name is not limited thereto.

[0198] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may be, for example, a policy control function (PCF).

[0199] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 can be used to support a unified policy framework and provide policy rules, and the name is not limited thereto.

[0200] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may be, for example, an application function (AF).

[0201] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may be implemented by an application server and used to provide application services, but the name is not limited thereto.

[0202] In some embodiments, the sixth network element 1036 may be, for example, an access and mobility management function (AMF).

[0203] In some embodiments, the sixth network element 1036 can be used to complete mobility management, non-access stratum mobility management (NAS MM) signaling processing, NAS session management (SM) signaling routing, security anchor point and security context management, etc., and the name is not limited to this.

[0204] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may be, for example, a network exposure function (NEF).

[0205] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 can be used to ensure the security of external applications to the 3GPP network, provide QoS customization capability opening of external applications, mobility status time subscription, AF request distribution, etc., the name is not limited to this.

[0206] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may be located outside the core network 103 or inside the core network 103, and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0207] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may be located outside the core network 103 or inside the core network 103, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0208] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 and the fourth network element 1034 may be deployed centrally or independently, and this embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0209] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 may be a 5G communication system. It should be noted that the communication system 100 may also be other communication systems, such as a 4G communication system or a 6G communication system, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

[0210] 1B and 1C , the architecture of a communication system is exemplarily described by taking a 5G communication system as an example. Here, the terminal 101 may be a UE, and the first device 102 may be a RAN.

[0211] Figure 1B is an architectural diagram of an implementation method of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, the architecture of the 5G communication system is presented in the form of reference points. N1 is a reference point between the UE and the AMF. N2 is a reference point between the RAN and the AMF. N3 is a reference point between the RAN and the UPF. N4 is a reference point between the SMF and the UPF. N5 is a reference point between the PCF and the AF. N6 is a reference point between the UPF and the data network (DN). N7 is a reference point between the SMF and the PCF. N11 is a reference point between the AMF and the SMF. N15 is a reference point between the SMF and the PCF. Uu is the interface between the UE and the RAN. It should be noted that the NEF is not shown in Figure 1B. However, each network element in the communication system can interact with the NEF.

[0212] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another implementation of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1B, the architecture of the 5G communication system is presented in the form of service-based interfaces. Namf is a service-based interface provided by the AMF. Nsmf is a service-based interface provided by the SMF. Nnef is a service-based interface provided by the NEF. Npcf is a service-based interface provided by the PCF. Naf is a service-based interface provided by the AF.

[0213] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0214] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A , or some of the entities in the communication system 100 , but are not limited thereto. The entities shown in FIG1A are illustrative only. The communication system 100 may include all or some of the entities shown in FIG1A , or may include other entities other than those shown in FIG1A . The number and form of the entities are arbitrary. The entities may be physical or virtual. The connection relationships between the entities are illustrative only. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.

[0215] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), future radio access (FRA), new radio access technology (RAT), new radio (NR), new radio access (NX), future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems based on and extending these methods. Furthermore, multiple systems may be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0216] In some cases, services such as mobile media services, online AR / VR and other XR services, online gaming, and video-based remote control of machines or drones are expected to contribute increasingly high traffic volumes to communication networks. XR services involve multimodal data streams. Multimodal data is data describing the same service / application that is input from the same device or different devices (including sensors) and may be output to one or more destination devices. The data streams within multimodal data often have some, or even strong, correlation, such as synchronization between audio and video streams, or between touch and vision. These media services share common characteristics within their data streams, between the data streams themselves, and in terms of the network transmission requirements. Effectively identifying and leveraging these characteristics will facilitate network and service transmission and control, as well as enhance service assurance and user experience.

[0217] In further cases, XRM services and interactive media services require the communication system to comprehensively consider the QoS characteristics of service data flows. Such QoS characteristics may include, for example, at least one of the following: whether parameters such as delay-sensitive guaranteed bit rate (GBR) data flows, guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR), packet delay budget (PDB), and default maximum data burst volume (MDBV) can be simultaneously met and coordinated. It also involves multiple XRM data flows of a terminal, and XRM data flows of multiple terminals, and the consistency of QoS authorization and execution between each other.

[0218] In some embodiments, the SDF of the XRM may support PDU set-based processing, thereby enhancing QoS awareness and assurance of the SDF and improving the user's quality of experience (QoE).

[0219] In some embodiments, in systems such as 4G, 5G, 6G, and V2X, the AF may provide PDU set QoS parameters and a protocol description. In some embodiments, the PDU set QoS parameters may include at least one of the following: PDU set delay budget (PSDB), PDU set error rate (PSER), and PDU set integrated handling information (PSIHI). Then, the SMF and UPF may extend the header of the PDU in the PDU set of the SDF in combination with the protocol description and protocol header extension provided by the AF to carry the PDU set information. The carried PDU information can be used by the access network to perform PDU set-based QoS control.

[0220] In some embodiments, the PDU set information may include at least one of the following: a PDU set sequence number, a start PDU or end PDU of the PDU set, a PDU sequence number within the PDU set, the number of PDUs within the PDU set, PDU set importance, and PDU set size. Here, the PDU set importance is used to indicate the importance of a PDU set relative to other PDU sets in the same QoS flow.

[0221] It can be understood that the UPF performs the mapping of the SDF to the QoS flow based on the PDR, and maps (also referred to as encapsulating) the mutually related PDUs into the PDU set. In addition, the UPF can adopt the same QoS policy for all PDU sets in the QoS flow. For example, the UPF can apply the same PDU set QoS parameters to all PDU sets in the QoS flow. In one example, the UPF can map the application flow to the QoS flow based on the packet detection information in the PDR. Some PDUs in the QoS flow can be associated with media components (for example, intra-frame coded frames and predicted frames), and the UPF classifies these PDUs as belonging to the PDU set and performs corresponding control.

[0222] In some embodiments, for scenarios where traffic characteristics or traffic patterns of services such as XRM change dynamically, corresponding QoS processing needs to be implemented.

[0223] FIG2A is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100. As shown in FIG2A, the communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes steps S2101 to S2112.

[0224] In step S2101 , the fourth network element 1034 sends first information to the seventh network element 1037 .

[0225] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may receive the first information.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first information may be used to perform QoS processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with the first service.

[0227] In some embodiments, the name of the first information may not be limited, and it may be, for example, change processing information, change processing requirement information, etc.

[0228] In some embodiments, the first information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, filtering rule information, and event subscription information.

[0229] In some embodiments, the traffic characteristic information may be used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow of the first service changes dynamically.

[0230] In some embodiments, the traffic characteristic information may be used to indicate dynamically changing traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first service.

[0231] In some embodiments, the traffic characteristic may be a flow pattern and / or a flow feature. In some embodiments, the traffic characteristic information may be used to indicate a flow pattern and / or flow feature that supports dynamic changes.

[0232] In some embodiments, the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first service may be variable. In some embodiments, the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first service may be dynamically changing. In some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may change over time. In some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may be triggered by an event.

[0233] In some embodiments, flow characteristics may also be referred to as flow parameters, flow features, etc., and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose specific limitations on this.

[0234] In some embodiments, the traffic characteristics may include at least one of: traffic burst size, maximum stream bit rate, periodicity, N6 jitter, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device information, and connection migration.

[0235] In some embodiments, the periodicity in the traffic characteristics may include at least one of the following: periodicity of traffic bursts, periodicity of PDU sets, periodicity related to network performance, and periodicity related to service content.

[0236] In some embodiments, the periodicity of the traffic burst may be deterministic. In one example, the traffic burst may have a deterministic periodic variation.

[0237] In some embodiments, the periodicity of the PDU set may be deterministic. In one example, the PDU set may have a deterministic periodic variation.

[0238] In some embodiments, the periodicity related to network performance may be a periodic change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream caused by the network performance. In some embodiments, the periodicity related to network performance may be caused by changes in network performance. In one example, the periodicity related to network performance may be caused by queuing delays caused by factors such as network congestion. In one example, the periodicity related to network performance may be caused by queuing delays caused by factors such as network control. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to network performance, the changes in flow performance may have characteristics such as frequent and rapid. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to network performance, the changes in flow performance may be predictable or unpredictable. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to network performance, the changes in flow performance may be predictable or unpredictable. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to network performance, the changes in flow performance may be random or semi-random.

[0239] In some embodiments, the periodicity related to the service content may be a periodic change in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream caused by the service content of the first service. In some embodiments, the periodicity related to the service content may be caused by a change in the service content of the first service. In one example, the periodicity related to the service content may be caused by a change in the frame rate of the media (e.g., audio, video) carried in the first data stream. In one example, the periodicity related to the service content may be caused by a change in the media content of the media carried in the first data stream. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to the service content, the change in traffic performance may have characteristics such as frequent and rapid. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to the service content, the change in traffic performance may be predictable or unpredictable. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to the service content, the periodicity of the change in traffic performance may be predictable or unpredictable. In some embodiments, for the case of periodicity related to the service content, the change in traffic performance may be random or semi-random.

[0240] In some embodiments, the periodicity related to network performance and the periodicity related to service content may be periodicity in a specific scenario. In this specific scenario, changes in traffic performance may be frequent, rapid, random, or semi-random. It should be noted that this specific scenario may also include periodicity associated with other factors, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0241] In some embodiments, the filtering rule information may be used to indicate a filtering rule for a change in a traffic characteristic of a first data flow of a first service.

[0242] In some embodiments, the filtering rule information may be used to indicate filtering criteria related to changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0243] In some embodiments, the name of the filtering rule information is not limited, and it can be, for example, filtering standard information, filtering requirement information, etc.

[0244] In some embodiments, the filtering rule information may include at least one of the following: trend change information, semi-random change information, and continuous change information.

[0245] In some embodiments, the trend change information may be used to indicate a trend of change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream. In some embodiments, the trend of change may include a change amount and / or a change trend. In some embodiments, the trend change information may be used to indicate a change amount and / or a change direction in the flow characteristics of the first data stream.

[0246] In some embodiments, the trend change information may be used to indicate a change trend of the flow characteristics of the first data flow within a time period. In some embodiments, the trend change information may be used to indicate a change trend of the flow characteristics of the first data flow within a future period of time.

[0247] In some embodiments, the trend change information may include at least one of the following: time, change direction, and change amount.

[0248] In some embodiments, the change direction can be used to indicate that the flow characteristics of the first data stream present an increasing and / or decreasing trend. In one example, the trend change information can indicate that the flow characteristics of the first data stream present an increasing trend within a time length. In one example, the trend change information can indicate that the flow characteristics of the first data stream present a decreasing trend within a time length. In one example, the trend change information can indicate that the flow characteristics of the first data stream present an increasing trend within a time length and a decreasing trend within a time length.

[0249] In some embodiments, the amount of change may be represented by at least one of the following: amount of change, magnitude of change, or value after change.

[0250] In some embodiments, the semi-random variation information may be used to indicate a semi-random variation trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data flow. In some embodiments, the semi-random variation information may be used to indicate a semi-static variation trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0251] In some embodiments, the semi-random variation information may be represented by at least one of the following methods: Stochastic variation and semi-Stokes variation.

[0252] In some embodiments, the random changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow indicated by the semi-random change information may include at least one of the following: content dependency changes and scene changes.

[0253] In some embodiments, the semi-random variation information may be used to indicate a variation in traffic characteristics of the first data flow due to a content dependency variation.

[0254] In some embodiments, the semi-random change information may be used to indicate a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow caused by a scene change.

[0255] In some embodiments, the continuous change information may be used to indicate a stable and sustainable change trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data flow under specific circumstances caused by a certain deterministic change.

[0256] In some embodiments, under the above specific circumstances, the change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow may present a fixed trend.

[0257] In some embodiments, the specific situation may include at least one of the following: the need for a tethered device, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adaptation, a change in encoding type, a change in projector screen. For example, after the need for the attached device changes, the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from one persistent state to another persistent state. For example, in the case of monitor switching, the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from a state associated with the monitor before the switch to a state associated with the monitor after the switch. For example, in the case of cross-platform, the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from a state associated with one platform to a state associated with another platform.

[0258] In some embodiments, event subscription information may be used to indicate event subscription.

[0259] In some embodiments, the event subscription information may be used to indicate an event subscription associated with a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0260] In some embodiments, the event subscription information may be used to subscribe to event notifications associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0261] In some embodiments, the event subscription information may be used to indicate a first condition for performing event notification regarding a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0262] In some embodiments, the first condition may be associated with a filtering result of the first data stream. In some embodiments, the first condition may be used to determine whether to perform event notification for event subscription information.

[0263] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may send an AF session resource request to the seventh network element 1037. The AF session resource request may carry the first information.

[0264] In some embodiments, the AF session resource request may be a Nnef_AFSessionwithQoS_Create request message.

[0265] In some embodiments, the AF session resource request may further include QoS requirement information corresponding to the first data flow of the first service.

[0266] In some embodiments, the AF session resource request may also include at least one of the following: an identifier of the first service, an address and / or identifier of the terminal 101, an identifier of the fourth network element 1034, an application identifier of the first service, a flow description, a data network name (DNN), single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI), and QoS parameters.

[0267] In some embodiments, the identifier of the first service may be used to identify a data stream or data stream group of the first service. In some embodiments, the identifier of the first service may be a multimodal service identifier, and the multimodal service identifier may be used to identify all data streams in the service group. In some embodiments, the data stream or data stream group of the first service may be a service data stream or service data stream group.

[0268] In step S2102, the seventh network element 1037 performs authorization.

[0269] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may authorize the AF request.

[0270] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may be a non-trusted network element, and the seventh network element 1037 may authorize the AF request from the fourth network element 1034 .

[0271] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may be a trusted network element, and the seventh network element 1037 may not need to authorize the AF request from the fourth network element 1034. In other words, step S2102 may be omitted.

[0272] In step S2103 , the seventh network element 1037 sends the first information to the third network element 1032 .

[0273] In some embodiments, the third network element 1032 may receive the first information.

[0274] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may send the first information in different ways. In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may determine the way in which the seventh network element 1037 sends the first information based on information and / or parameters received from the fourth network element 1034.

[0275] In some embodiments, the manner in which the seventh network element 1037 sends the first information may include: sending through a time sensitive communication and time synchronization function (TSCTSF) or sending directly.

[0276] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may determine to send the first information to the third network element 1033 via the TSCTSF. In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may send the first information to the TSCTSF via the service-based interface Ntsftsf, and then the TSCTSF may send the first information to the third network element 1033 via the service-based interface Npcf. In one example, the seventh network element 1037 may send the first information to the TSCTSF via an Ntsctsf_QoSandTSCAssistance_Create request message, and then the TSCTSF may send the first information to the third network element 1033 via an Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create request message or an Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Update request message.

[0277] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may determine to send the first information directly to the third network element 1033. In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may send the first information to the third network element 1033 via a service-based interface Npcf. In one example, the seventh network element 1037 may send the first information to the third network element 1033 via an Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create request message.

[0278] In step S2104 , the third network element 1033 performs policy decision making.

[0279] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may perform a policy decision after receiving the first information.

[0280] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may determine the first rule through policy decision-making.

[0281] In some embodiments, the first rule may be determined after considering the first information. In some embodiments, the first rule may be determined after considering at least one of traffic characteristic information, filtering rule information, and event subscription information.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first rule may be determined based on the first information. In some embodiments, the first rule may be determined based on at least one of traffic characteristic information, filtering rule information, and event subscription information.

[0283] In some embodiments, the first rule may be determined according to the first information and a local configuration.

[0284] In some embodiments, the local configuration may be an operator configuration. In one example, the local configuration may be a configuration performed by an operator related to the third network element 1033 .

[0285] In some embodiments, local configuration may be used to indicate QoS processing. In some embodiments, local configuration may include at least one of the following: change identification, change filtering, and change notification.

[0286] In some embodiments, the change identification may be identification of changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0287] In some embodiments, the change filtering may be a change filtering for traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0288] In some embodiments, the change notification may be a change notification of traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0289] In some embodiments, the first rule may be used to identify a first data flow of a first service.

[0290] In some embodiments, the first rule may be used for mapping or routing a first data flow of a first service.

[0291] In some embodiments, the first rule may include a policy and charging control (PCC) rule.

[0292] In some embodiments, the first rule may be new. In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may determine a new first rule based on the first information.

[0293] In some embodiments, the first rule may be updated. In some embodiments, based on the first information, the third network element 1033 may determine to update the existing first rule.

[0294] In some embodiments, the name of the first rule is not limited, and it can be, for example, a traffic mapping policy, a traffic mapping rule, or a traffic mapping relationship.

[0295] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may determine the first policy information through policy decision-making.

[0296] In some embodiments, the first policy information may be used for QoS monitoring related to traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first policy information may be used to indicate a policy and / or rule for QoS monitoring related to traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0298] In some embodiments, the first policy information may be determined based on the first information. In some embodiments, the first policy information may be determined based on at least one of traffic characteristic information, filtering rule information, and event subscription information.

[0299] In some embodiments, the first information received by the third network element 1033 from the seventh network element 1037 (or the fourth network element 1034) may include event subscription information. In this case, the third network element 1033 may determine to subscribe to the event based on the event subscription information in the received first information.

[0300] In some embodiments, the first information received by the third network element 1033 from the seventh network element 1037 (or the fourth network element 1034) may not include event subscription information. In this case, the third network element 1033 may determine to subscribe to the event based on the received first information and / or local configuration.

[0301] In some embodiments, the first policy information may be included in the first rule, or may be independent of the first rule.

[0302] In step S2105 , the third network element 1033 sends the first information to the second network element 1032 .

[0303] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may receive the first information.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first information may be included in a first rule.

[0305] In some embodiments, the first information may be independent of the first rule.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first information may be sent from the third network element 1033 to the second network element 1032 via the service-based interface Npcf.

[0307] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may initiate an SM Policy Association Modification process to send the first information.

[0308] In some embodiments, the first information may be carried in an Npcf_SMPolicyControl_UpdateNotify request message.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first information may be sent together with the first policy information by the third network element 1033 to the second network element 1032 .

[0310] In some embodiments, the first information sent by the third network element 1033 to the second network element 1032 may include event subscription information. In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may receive the first information including the event subscription information and send the first information including the event subscription information to the second network element 1032.

[0311] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may receive first information that does not include event subscription information. In this case, the third network element 1033 may determine to subscribe to an event based on the received first information and / or local configuration, and send the event subscription information to the second network element 1032. In one example, the event subscription information may be added to the first information being sent. In another example, the event subscription information may be sent independently of the first information.

[0312] In some embodiments, by sending event subscription information, the third network element 1033 may subscribe to event notifications associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow to at least one of the following.

[0313] In step S2106 , the second network element 1032 sends the first information to the first network element 1031 .

[0314] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may receive the first information.

[0315] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the first information from the third network element 1033 to the first network element 1031 .

[0316] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the first information via an N4 session.

[0317] In some embodiments, the first information may be carried in an N4 Session Modification request message.

[0318] In some embodiments, in addition to the first information, the second network element 1032 may send at least one of the following to the first network element 1031: a second rule, first policy information. In some embodiments, the second rule and / or the first policy information may be sent via an N4 session.

[0319] In some embodiments, the second rule may be used for QoS processing of the first data flow of the first service.

[0320] In some embodiments, the second rule may include at least one of the following: a QoS rule, a QoS set parameter.

[0321] In some embodiments, the second rule may be determined by the second network element 1032 after considering the first information.

[0322] In some embodiments, the second rule may be determined by the second network element 1032 according to the first information.

[0323] In some embodiments, the second rule may be determined based on the first rule.

[0324] In some embodiments, the second rule may be determined based on the first information and the first rule.

[0325] In step S2107 , the second network element 1032 sends second information to the sixth network element 1036 .

[0326] In some embodiments, the sixth network element 1036 may receive the second information.

[0327] In some embodiments, the second information may be used to determine a QoS parameter for the first device.

[0328] In some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: traffic characteristic information, filtering rule information.

[0329] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the second information via the service-based interface Namf.

[0330] In some embodiments, the second information may be sent to the sixth network element 1036 via the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer process.

[0331] In some embodiments, in addition to the first information, the second network element 1032 may send a third rule to the sixth network element 1036 .

[0332] In some embodiments, the third rule may be used for QoS processing of the first data flow of the first service by the first device 102 .

[0333] In some embodiments, the third rule may include a QoS profile.

[0334] In some embodiments, the third rule may be determined by the second network element 1032 after considering the first information.

[0335] In some embodiments, the third rule may be determined by the second network element 1032 according to the first information.

[0336] In some embodiments, the third rule may be determined based on the first rule.

[0337] In some embodiments, the third rule may be determined based on the first information and the first rule.

[0338] In step S2108 , the sixth network element 1036 sends second information to the first device 102 .

[0339] In some embodiments, the first device 102 may receive the second information.

[0340] In some embodiments, the sixth network element 1036 may send the second information via an N2 message.

[0341] In step S2109 , the first device 102 determines QoS parameters.

[0342] In some embodiments, after receiving the first information, the first device 102 may determine QoS parameters for the first data flow.

[0343] In some embodiments, the first device 102 may determine the QoS parameters based on the received second information. In some embodiments, the first device 102 may adjust the QoS parameters based on the second information. In some embodiments, the first device 102 may dynamically adjust the QoS parameters based on the second information.

[0344] In some embodiments, based on the second information and / or the QoS parameters, the first device 102 may dynamically adjust transmission resources for the first data flow.

[0345] In some embodiments, based on the filtering rule information in the second information, the first device 102 may determine that the change trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream is increasing. In this case, the first device 102 may reserve more transmission resources for the first data stream for subsequent transmission. In some embodiments, based on the filtering rule information in the second information, the first device 102 may determine that the change trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream is decreasing. In this case, the first device 102 may release all or part of the transmission resources reserved for the first data stream.

[0346] In step S2110 , the fifth network element 1035 sends a first data stream to the first network element 1031 .

[0347] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may send a first data flow of a first service to the first network element 1031 .

[0348] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may receive the first data flow on a user plane.

[0349] In some embodiments, the data packet corresponding to the first data flow of the first service may include a parameter value of a traffic characteristic of the first data flow of the first service.

[0350] In some embodiments, the data packet corresponding to the first data stream of the first service may include parameter values ​​of at least one of the following traffic characteristics: traffic burst size, maximum stream bit rate, periodicity, N6 jitter, burst arrival time, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device information, and connection migration.

[0351] In some embodiments, the parameter value of the traffic characteristic may be carried in a header of a data packet corresponding to the first data flow of the first service.

[0352] In step S2111 , the first network element 1031 identifies a first data flow.

[0353] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may identify the first data flow of the first service based on the first information.

[0354] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may identify the first data flow of the first service taking into account the first information.

[0355] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may identify the first data flow of the first service based on the first information and / or the second rule.

[0356] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may identify the first data flow of the first service based on the OAM operation and maintenance configuration, and / or the operator policy, and / or the local configuration. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may not receive the first information, and the first data flow of the first service may be identified based on the OAM operation and maintenance configuration, and / or the operator policy, and / or the local configuration. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may not receive the second rule, and the first data flow of the first service may be identified based on the OAM operation and maintenance configuration, and / or the operator policy, and / or the local configuration.

[0357] In some embodiments, the identification of the first data stream of the first data can be carried out in at least one of the following ways: matching of the real-time transport protocol (RTP) / secure real-time transport protocol (SRTP) header and payload; a new RTP extension header; information contained in the N6 encapsulation header; detection of traffic characteristics; and UPF implementation of a non-standardized mechanism.

[0358] In some embodiments, the data packets corresponding to the first data flow of the first service identified by the first network element 1031 may include the following types: PDU set data packets and non-PDU set data packets.

[0359] In step S2112 , the first network element 1031 sends a first data stream to the first device 102 .

[0360] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the identified first data stream of the first service to the first device 102 .

[0361] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the identified data packet corresponding to the first data flow of the first service to the first device 102 .

[0362] In some embodiments, the first data stream of the first service may be sent to the first device 102 using the GTP-U protocol.

[0363] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may carry parameter values ​​of traffic characteristics in a GTP-U header.

[0364] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may carry relevant information of the PDU set in a GTP-U header.

[0365] In some embodiments, the relevant information of the PDU set may include at least one of the following: PDU set sequence number, start / end PDU of the PDU set, PDU sequence number in the PDU set, number of PDUs in the PDU set, PDU set importance, PDU set size, and end of data burst.

[0366] In some embodiments, the first data stream sent by the first network element 1031 may not carry parameter values ​​for traffic characteristics. In this case, the first network element 1031 may send parameter values ​​for traffic characteristics to the first device 102 via the second network element 1032 and the sixth network element 1036. In this case, the parameter values ​​for traffic characteristics may be sent to the first device 102 via the control plane. In some embodiments, the parameter values ​​for traffic characteristics sent via the control plane may be statistical information generated by the first network element 1031 regarding the parameter values ​​for traffic characteristics in the first data stream.

[0367] In step S2113 , the first network element 1031 performs QoS processing.

[0368] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may perform QoS processing based on the first information.

[0369] In some embodiments, the QoS processing may include at least one of the following: identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; and notifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0370] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 can detect changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 can identify changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow based on traffic characteristic information included in the first information. In one example, the first network element 1031 can identify changes in traffic characteristics indicated by the traffic characteristic information based on the traffic characteristic information. In another example, the first network element 1031 can identify changes in traffic characteristics indicated by the traffic characteristic information based on the traffic characteristic information.

[0371] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may obtain the change in the traffic characteristic of the first data flow from other entities. In one example, the first network element 1031 may receive the change in the traffic characteristic of the first data flow sent by the first device 102 .

[0372] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may perform filtering for changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream based on the traffic characteristics information and filtering rule information included in the first information. In one example, the first network element 1031 may identify, based on the traffic characteristics information, that a traffic characteristic indicated by the traffic characteristics information has changed; and may determine, based on the filtering rule information, whether the change in traffic characteristics complies with the filtering rule indicated by the filtering rule information.

[0373] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 can perform change filtering based on the filtering rule information to select the first data flow that meets the filtering rule. In one example, the first network element 1031 can determine the first data flow that meets the change trend indicated by the change trend information based on the change trend information in the filtering rule information.

[0374] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 can perform change filtering based on the filtering rule information to filter out first data flows that do not comply with the filtering rule. In one example, the first network element 1031 can determine, based on the semi-random change information in the filtering rule information, the first data flows that comply with the change indicated by the semi-random change information.

[0375] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may determine to perform event notification based on the event subscription information included in the first information. In one example, after filtering changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow based on the filtering rule information, event notification may be performed based on the result of the change filtering.

[0376] In some embodiments, events related to event subscription information may include at least one of the following: changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; changes in the changing trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data stream; the traffic characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold; periodic triggering.

[0377] In some embodiments, event notification may be determined when the traffic characteristics of the first data stream change. In one example, event notification may be determined when the traffic characteristics of the first data stream increase or decrease.

[0378] In some embodiments, an event notification may be determined when a trend of change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream changes. In some embodiments, the direction of change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change. In one example, the trend of change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from increasing to decreasing. In one example, the trend of change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from decreasing to increasing. In some embodiments, the rate of change of the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change. In one example, the rate of change of the flow characteristics of the first data stream may change from a first value to a second value.

[0379] In some embodiments, when a change in the flow characteristics of the first data stream reaches a preset threshold, an event notification may be determined. In some embodiments, when the flow characteristics of the first data stream reach a preset threshold, an event notification may be determined. In some embodiments, the preset threshold may include at least one of the following: an upper limit or a lower limit. In one example, the preset threshold may be a numerical value. In another example, the preset threshold may be a numerical range.

[0380] In some embodiments, the event notification may be triggered periodically. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may periodically perform event notifications. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may perform event notifications according to a preset period. In some embodiments, the periodically triggered event notification may be for at least one of the following: a change in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow, a change in the trend of the traffic characteristics of the first data flow, or the traffic characteristics of the first data flow reaching a preset threshold.

[0381] In some embodiments, when the detected traffic characteristic of the first data flow is inconsistent with the change in the traffic characteristic indicated by the filtering rule information, it may be determined to perform event notification.

[0382] In some embodiments, when the detected traffic characteristic of the first data flow is consistent with the change in the traffic characteristic indicated by the filtering rule information, it may be determined to perform event notification.

[0383] It should be noted that filtering the traffic characteristics of the first data stream using filtering rule information can be achieved in different ways, and subscription to event notifications using event subscription information can be achieved in different ways, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0384] In step S2114 , the first network element 1031 sends third information to the fourth network element 1034 .

[0385] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may subscribe to notifications of change events of traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0386] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may subscribe to notifications of events related to changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow. In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may subscribe to notifications of events related to changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow from the third network element 1033, and the third network element 1033 may subscribe to notifications of events related to changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow. In this way, the fourth network element 1034 may indirectly subscribe to notifications of events related to changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow from the first network element 1031.

[0387] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send third information in response to subscriptions of the third network element 1033 and / or the fourth network element 1034 .

[0388] In some embodiments, the third information may be used to notify an event associated with a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0389] In some embodiments, the third information may be used to notify an event associated with the event subscription information.

[0390] In some embodiments, the name of the third information is not limited, and it can be, for example, event notification information, event feedback information, etc.

[0391] In some embodiments, the third information may include at least one of the following: identification information of the first data flow, flow characteristics of the first data flow, or changes in the flow characteristics of the first data flow. In one example, the third information may include at least one of the following: identification information of the first data flow that meets the first condition, flow characteristics of the first data flow, or a numerical value of the flow characteristics of the first data flow.

[0392] In some embodiments, the third information may be sent in at least one of the following ways: periodic sending and event-triggered sending.

[0393] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the fourth network element 1034 via the control plane. In one example, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the second network element 1032. Subsequently, the second network element 1032 may send the third information to the third network element 1033. Thereafter, the third network element 1033 may send the third information to the fourth network element 1034.

[0394] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the fifth network element 1035 via the user plane. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the fifth network element 1035 via the N6 interface. In this case, the fourth network element 1034 may obtain the third information from the fifth network element 1035.

[0395] In some cases, at least some of the steps from step S2101 to step S2114 in this embodiment may be combined to implement support for dynamic changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first business. In some cases, at least some of the steps from step S2101 to step S2114 in this embodiment may be combined to implement identification of changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first business. In some cases, at least some of the steps from step S2101 to step S2114 in this embodiment may be combined to implement filtering of changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first business. In some cases, at least some of the steps from step S2101 to step S2114 in this embodiment may be combined to implement notification of changes in the traffic characteristics of the first data flow of the first business.

[0396] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2114. For example, step S2101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2106 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2107 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2110 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2111 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2113 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2114 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S2101 and S2103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S2107 and S2108 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S2110 and S2111 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S2113 and S2114 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps in steps S2101 to S2112 are not limited thereto.

[0397] In some embodiments, at least two of steps S2101 to S2114 may be performed in an order-switched or synchronously. For example, steps S2106 and S2107 may be performed in an order-switched or synchronously.

[0398] In some embodiments, steps S2102 to S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0399] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2104 and S2106 to S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0400] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2105 and S2107 to S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0401] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2106 and S2108 to S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0402] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2108 and S2110 to S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0403] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2112 and S2114 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0404] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2113 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0405] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2A .

[0406] FIG2B is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100. As shown in FIG2B , the communication method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes steps S2201 to S2205.

[0407] In step S2201, the third network element 1033 performs QoS processing.

[0408] The optional implementation of step S2201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2113 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0409] In step S2202 , the third network element 1033 sends third information to the fifth network element 1035 .

[0410] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may receive the third information.

[0411] In some embodiments, the third information may be used to notify an event associated with a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

[0412] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may subscribe to traffic characteristic change notifications from the first network element 1031 .

[0413] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may subscribe to traffic characteristic change notifications from the second network element 1032, and the second network element 1032 may subscribe to traffic characteristic change notifications from the first network element 1031. In this way, the third network element 1033 may indirectly subscribe to traffic characteristic change notifications from the first network element 1031.

[0414] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may subscribe to traffic characteristic change notifications from the first device 102 .

[0415] In some embodiments, subscription to notifications of changes in traffic characteristics may be achieved by sending the first message. It is understandable that subscription to notifications of changes in traffic characteristics may also be achieved in other ways, which are not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

[0416] In some embodiments, the third information may be sent in at least one of the following ways: periodic sending and event-triggered sending.

[0417] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send third information to the second network element 1032 on the control plane.

[0418] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the second network element 1032 through an N4 interface. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the second network element 1032 through an N4 session.

[0419] In some embodiments, the third information may be sent via the service-based interface Nupf.

[0420] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may trigger an event exposure notification. In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send a Nupf_EventExposure_Notify message and carry the third information therein.

[0421] In step S2203 , the second network element 1032 sends third information to the third network element 1033 .

[0422] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may receive third information.

[0423] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the third information from the first network element 1031 to the third network element 1033 .

[0424] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the third information to the third network element 1033 via the N7 interface.

[0425] In step S2204 , the third network element 1033 sends third information to the seventh network element 1037 .

[0426] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may receive the third information.

[0427] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may send the third information from the second network element 1032 to the seventh network element 1037 .

[0428] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may receive a Nupf_EventExposure_Notify message. The Nupf_EventExposure_Notify message may carry third information.

[0429] In step S2205 , the seventh network element 1037 sends third information to the fourth network element 1034 .

[0430] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may receive the third information.

[0431] In some embodiments, the third information may be sent via the service-based interface Nnef.

[0432] In some embodiments, the seventh network element 1037 may send an Nnef_EventExposure_Notify message and carry the third information therein.

[0433] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2205. For example, step S2201 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S2205 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S2201 to S2205 are not limited to this.

[0434] In some embodiments, at least two of steps S2202, S2203, S2204, and S2205 may be executed in an order-switched or synchronously. For example, steps S2106 and S2107 may be executed in an order-switched or synchronously.

[0435] In some embodiments, steps S2201, S2203, S2204, and S2205 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0436] In some embodiments, steps S2201, S2202, S2203, and S2204 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0437] In some embodiments, reference may be made to other optional implementations described before or after the description corresponding to FIG. 2B .

[0438] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc. are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codeword", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0439] In some embodiments, terms such as "uplink", "uplink", "physical uplink" can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as "downlink", "downlink", "physical downlink" can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as "side", "sidelink", "side communication", "sidelink communication", "direct connection", "direct link", "direct communication", "direct link communication" can be interchangeable with each other.

[0440] In some embodiments, the terms "radio", "wireless", "radio access network (RAN)", "access network (AN)", "RAN-based" and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0441] In some embodiments, terms such as "moment", "time point", "time", and "time position" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "duration", "period", "time window", "window", and "time" can be replaced with each other.

[0442] In some embodiments, "obtain", "get", "get", "receive", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.

[0443] In some embodiments, terms such as "send", "transmit", "report", "download", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably.

[0444] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preset", "preset", "setting", "indicated", "some", "any", and "first" can be interchangeable. "Specific A", "preset A", "preset A", "setting A", "indicated A", "some A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or indication, etc., or as specific A, some A, any A, or first A, etc., but not limited to this.

[0445] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be performed by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (Boolean value) represented by true or false, or by comparison of numerical values ​​(for example, comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0446] In some embodiments, terms such as "traffic", "flow", "stream", and "data flow" can be used interchangeably.

[0447] FIG3A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is performed by a first network element 1031. As shown in FIG3A , the method includes steps S3101 to S3106.

[0448] In step S3101, first information is obtained.

[0449] The optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2106 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0450] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may receive the first information sent by the second network element 1032 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0451] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may obtain first information specified by a protocol.

[0452] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may obtain the first information from an upper layer.

[0453] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may perform processing to obtain the first information.

[0454] In some embodiments, step S3101 may be omitted, and the first network element 1031 may autonomously implement the function involved in the first information, or the above function may be default or acquiescent.

[0455] In step S3102, a first data stream is obtained.

[0456] The optional implementation of step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2110 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0457] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may receive the first data stream sent by the fifth network element 1035 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first data stream sent by other entities.

[0458] In step S3103, a first data stream is identified.

[0459] The optional implementation of step S3103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2111 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0460] In step S3104, a first data stream is sent.

[0461] The optional implementation of step S3104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2112 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0462] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the first data stream to the first device 102 , but is not limited thereto and may also send the first data stream to other entities.

[0463] In step S3105, QoS processing is performed.

[0464] The optional implementation of step S3105 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2113 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0465] In step S3106, the third information is sent.

[0466] The optional implementation of step S3106 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2114 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0467] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the fourth network element 1034 or the fifth network element 1035 , but is not limited thereto and the third information may also be sent to other entities.

[0468] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3106. For example, step S3101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S3105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S3106 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S3101 and S3105 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S3105 and S3106 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S3101, S3105, and S3106 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S3101 to S3106 are not limited to this.

[0469] In some embodiments, steps S3102, S3103, S3104, S3105, and S3106 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0470] In some embodiments, steps S3101, S3102, S3103, S3104, and S3106 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0471] In some embodiments, steps S3101, S3102, S3103, S3104, and S3105 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0472] FIG3B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is performed by the first network element 1031. As shown in FIG3B , the method includes steps S3201 to S3202.

[0473] In step S3201, QoS processing is performed.

[0474] The optional implementation of step S3201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2201 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0475] In step S3202, the third information is sent.

[0476] The optional implementation of step S3202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0477] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may send the third information to the second network element 1032 , but is not limited thereto and the third information may also be sent to other entities.

[0478] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S3201 to S3102. For example, step S3201 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S3202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S3201 to S3202 are not limited to these.

[0479] In some embodiments, step S3202 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0480] In some embodiments, step S3201 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0481] FIG4A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is performed by the second network element 1032. As shown in FIG4A , the method includes steps S4101 to S4103.

[0482] In step S4101, first information is obtained.

[0483] The optional implementation of step S4101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0484] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may receive the first information sent by the third network element 1033 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0485] In step S4102, the first information is sent.

[0486] The optional implementation of step S4102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2106 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0487] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the first information to the first network element 1031 , but is not limited thereto and may also send the first information to other entities.

[0488] In step S4103, the second information is sent.

[0489] The optional implementation of step S4103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2107 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0490] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the second information to the sixth network element 1036 , but is not limited thereto and may also send the second information to other entities.

[0491] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4103. For example, step S4101 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S4102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S4103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S4101 and S4102 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S4101 and S4103 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S4101 to S4103 are not limited to this.

[0492] In some embodiments, at least two of steps S4101 to S4103 may be performed in an order-switched or synchronously. For example, steps S4102 and S4103 may be performed in an order-switched or synchronously.

[0493] In some embodiments, steps S4102 and S4103 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0494] In some embodiments, steps S4101 and S4103 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0495] In some embodiments, steps S4101 and S4102 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0496] FIG4B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by the second network element 1032. As shown in FIG4B , the method includes steps S4201 to S4202.

[0497] In step S4201, the third information is obtained.

[0498] The optional implementation of step S4201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0499] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may receive the third information sent by the first network element 1031 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0500] In step S4202, the third information is sent.

[0501] The optional implementation of step S4202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0502] In some embodiments, the second network element 1032 may send the third information to the third network element 1033 , but is not limited thereto and the third information may also be sent to other entities.

[0503] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S4201 and S4202. For example, step S4201 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S4202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S4201 and S4202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S4201 to S4202 are not limited to this.

[0504] In some embodiments, step S4202 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0505] In some embodiments, step S4201 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0506] FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by the fifth network element 1035. As shown in FIG5, the method includes steps S501 to S502.

[0507] In step S501, a first data stream is sent.

[0508] The optional implementation of step S501 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2110 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0509] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may send the first data stream to the first network element 1031 , but is not limited thereto and may also send the first data stream to other entities.

[0510] In step S502, third information is obtained.

[0511] The optional implementation of step S502 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2114 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0512] In some embodiments, the fifth network element 1035 may receive the third information sent by the first network element 1031 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0513] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S501 and S502. For example, step S501 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S502 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S501 to S502 are not limited to these.

[0514] In some embodiments, step S501 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0515] In some embodiments, step S502 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0516] FIG6A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by a third network element 1033. As shown in FIG6A , the method includes steps S6101 to S6103.

[0517] In step S6101, first information is obtained.

[0518] The optional implementation of step S6101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0519] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may receive the first information sent by the fourth network element 1034 or the seventh network element 1037, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0520] In step S6102, policy decision is performed.

[0521] The optional implementation of step S6102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0522] In step S6103, the first information is sent.

[0523] The optional implementation of step S6103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0524] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may send the first information to the second network element 1032 , but is not limited thereto and may also send the first information to other entities.

[0525] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S6101 to S6103. For example, step S6101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S6103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S6101 and S6103 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S6101 to S6103 are not limited to this.

[0526] In some embodiments, steps S6102 and S6103 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0527] In some embodiments, steps S6101 and S6102 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0528] FIG6B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by a third network element 1033. As shown in FIG6B , the method includes steps S6201 to S6202.

[0529] In step S6201, the third information is obtained.

[0530] The optional implementation of step S6201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0531] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may receive the third information sent by the second network element 1032, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0532] In step S6202, the third information is sent.

[0533] The optional implementation of step S6202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2204 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0534] In some embodiments, the third network element 1033 may send the third information to the fourth network element 1034 or the seventh network element 1037, but is not limited thereto and may also send the third information to other entities.

[0535] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S6201 and S6202. For example, step S6201 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, step S6202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S6201 and S6202 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S6201 to S6202 are not limited to this.

[0536] In some embodiments, step S6202 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0537] In some embodiments, step S6201 is optional and may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0538] FIG7A is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by the fourth network element 1034. As shown in FIG7A , the method includes step S7101.

[0539] In step S7101, the first information is sent.

[0540] The optional implementation of step S7101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0541] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may send the first information to the third network element 1033 or the seventh network element 1037, but is not limited thereto and may also send the first information to other entities.

[0542] FIG7B is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is executed by the fourth network element 1034. As shown in FIG7B , the method includes step S7201.

[0543] In step S7201, the third information is obtained.

[0544] The optional implementation of step S7201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2205 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0545] In some embodiments, the fourth network element 1034 may receive the third information sent by the third network element 1033 or the seventh network element 1037, but is not limited thereto and may also receive the third information sent by other entities.

[0546] FIG8 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. The communication method is performed by the first device 102. As shown in FIG8, the method includes steps S801 to S803.

[0547] In step S801, second information is obtained.

[0548] The optional implementation of step S801 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0549] In some embodiments, the first device 102 may receive the second information sent by the second network element 1032 , but is not limited thereto and may also receive the second information sent by other entities.

[0550] In step S802, QoS parameters are determined.

[0551] The optional implementation of step S802 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2109 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0552] In step S803, a first data stream is obtained.

[0553] The optional implementation of step S803 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2112 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0554] The communication method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S801 to S803. For example, step S801 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. For example, the combination of steps S801 and S802 may be implemented as an independent embodiment. It should be noted that the possible independent embodiments consisting of one or more steps from steps S801 to S803 are not limited to this.

[0555] In some embodiments, steps S802 and S803 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0556] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method. As shown in FIG9A , the method includes step S9101.

[0557] In step S9101, the first network element 1031 obtains first information.

[0558] The optional implementation of step S9101 can refer to the optional implementation of steps S2106 and S2110 in Figure 2A, as well as other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0559] In some embodiments, the first network element 1031 may receive first information from the second network element 1032 .

[0560] FIG9B is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The present disclosure embodiment relates to a communication method. As shown in FIG9B , the method includes step S9201.

[0561] In step S9201 , the third network element 1033 sends first information to the second network element 1031 .

[0562] The optional implementation of step S9201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0563] FIG9C is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG9C , the method includes step S9301.

[0564] In step S9301 , the fourth network element 1034 sends first information to the third network element 1033 .

[0565] The optional implementation of step S9301 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0566] FIG9D is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The present disclosure embodiment relates to a communication method. As shown in FIG9D , the method includes step S9401.

[0567] In step S9401 , the second network element 1032 sends second information to the first device 102 .

[0568] The optional implementation of step S9401 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2108 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0569] In the following, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are exemplarily described through specific implementation methods.

[0570] In some embodiments, the AF (i.e., the fourth network element) provides QoS requirements for media streams, indicates that traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration) can change dynamically, and indicates filtering criteria for changes in traffic characteristics.

[0571] In some embodiments, the periodicity indicated by the periodicity information, in addition to deterministic periodic variations in data bursts and PDU sets, can also include frequent and rapid periodic variations caused by specific scenarios. These variations can include rate variations due to queuing delays caused by, for example, congestion control and network congestion, or frequent random changes in periodicity due to variations in frame rate or media content. These periodic variations are sometimes unpredictable and frequently change, requiring timely detection, perception, and notification to network functions or devices, such as the RAN and UE, to optimize resource management. Therefore, compared to the highly deterministic static or semi-static periodicity in existing technologies, this new high-frequency random periodicity is one of the issues addressed by the present invention. Real-time resource management of these random or high-frequency periodic variations can be better achieved through user plane subscription, monitoring, detection, notification, and reporting, such as RAN->UPF->AS. Optionally, incorporating filtering rules can further facilitate the determination and selection of QoS monitoring and reporting methods, as well as the optimization and allocation of resources for QoS changes.

[0572] In some embodiments, the filtering criteria indicates at least one of the following:

[0573] - Trend lines, e.g., increasing or decreasing;

[0574] - Stokes variations (or semi-Stokes variations), e.g., content-dependent variations or scene changes;

[0575] - Ongoing changes (e.g., attachment device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0576] In some embodiments, the AF may send a monitoring request and subscribe to events based on the indicated traffic characteristics information and filtering criteria.

[0577] In some embodiments, the AF may provide the above information to the core network (eg, NEF and / or PCF) during the AF QoS request / update process.

[0578] In some embodiments, the first CP (control plane) NF (network function) (ie, the third network element) may be, for example, a PCF.

[0579] In some embodiments, the PCF authorizes the service data flow in the PCC rule (i.e., the first rule) based on AF input (traffic characteristic information; and / or, filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes, including trend lines, Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, continuous changes, etc.) and / or local operator configuration (e.g., identification and / or filtering and / or notification based on traffic characteristic changes).

[0580] In some embodiments, the PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy (i.e., first policy information) (traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS monitoring), and based on a request received from the AF, subscribes (to the SMF and / or UPF and / or RAN) to notifications of events related to changes in the traffic pattern / traffic characteristics information of the SDF. The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy in the PCC rules and provides it to the SMF.

[0581] In some embodiments, the second CP NF (ie, the second network element) may be, for example, an SMF.

[0582] In some embodiments, based on the PCC rules from the PCF, the SMF generates a QoS configuration with authorized QoS parameters and provides it to the NG-RAN. The SMF instructs the UPF to detect dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and to identify, filter, or notify traffic characteristic changes for target service data flows based on filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, such as increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, such as content dependency changes or scene changes; and continuous changes, such as attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, and projector screen changes). In some embodiments, the SMF can configure / activate rules for the UPF (e.g., via an N4 session).

[0583] In some embodiments, when the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy and notification event, it configures the UPF to perform measurements. The SMF configures the UPF to report the results of QoS monitoring for a QoS flow with parameters determined by the SMF based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy and / or local configuration received from the PCF. After receiving the report from the UPF, the SMF forwards the report (e.g., traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS information) to the PCF to determine PCC rules and exposes the report to the AF if the AF subscribes.

[0584] In some embodiments, the first UP (user plane) NF (ie, the first network element) may be, for example, a UPF.

[0585] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF detects dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and based on the indicated changes and filtering criteria, identifies or filters the target SDF or notifies the consumer NF (e.g., via GTP-U header to NG-RAN) based on the filtering criteria of the traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0586] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF identifies packets of the SDF or packets with PDU set processing and sends them in an extension header to the consumer NF (e.g., via a GTP-U header to the NG-RAN), at which time, filtering criteria based on traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information, and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0587] In some embodiments, a UP provisioning solution may be considered. In some embodiments, traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival event, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and / or filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes) may be provided from the AS (i.e., the fifth network element) of the DN (directly via the NEF) to the UPF.

[0588] In some embodiments, when not provided by the DN through the CP and UP, this can be implemented based on the OAM configuration of the UPF / OAM. In some embodiments, based on the OAM configuration or operator policy, the first UP NF / UPF identifies the data packet of the SDF or the data packet with PDU set processing and sends it to the consumer NF (e.g., via the GTP-U header to the NG-RAN) in an extension header, at which time, the filtering criteria of the traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0589] In some embodiments, the consumer NF (ie, the first device) may be, for example, an NG-RAN.

[0590] In some embodiments, the NG-RAN adjusts QoS parameters based on the traffic characteristic information notified from the UP NF and / or the pre-authorized MDBV (maximum data burst volume) value from the CP NF.

[0591] In some embodiments, through this QoS dynamic adjustment, data can be transmitted in a timely manner and reserved resources can be dynamically released.

[0592] Figure 10A is an interactive diagram of an exemplary implementation of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method of Figure 10A can be based on a QoS-required AF session establishment process. This process can be implemented through the following steps.

[0593] In step 1, the AF sends an AF session resource request, for example, through Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request, to create an AF request. The AF carries the QoS requirements of the XRM service and interactive media service data flows in the request message.

[0594] In some embodiments, the AF provides QoS requirements for media streams, indicates that traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached devices, connection migration) can change dynamically, and indicates filtering criteria for changes in traffic characteristics.

[0595] In some embodiments, the filtering criteria indicates at least one of the following:

[0596] - Trend lines, e.g., increasing or decreasing;

[0597] - Stokes variations (or semi-Stokes variations), e.g., content-dependent variations or scene changes;

[0598] - Ongoing changes (e.g., attachment device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0599] In some embodiments, the AF may send a monitoring request and subscribe to events based on the indicated traffic characteristics information and filtering criteria.

[0600] In some embodiments, the AF may provide the above information to the core network (eg, NEF and / or PCF) during the AF QoS request / update process.

[0601] In some embodiments, the XRM service information is carried, identifying the data flow or data flow group of the XRM service (e.g., multimodal service ID), UE address / identifier, AF identifier, application ID, flow description, DNN, S-NSSAI, QoS parameters, and other corresponding information. Here, the multimodal service ID can be used to identify all flows in the XRM service group.

[0602] In step 2, the NEF authorizes the AF request. If it is an untrusted AF, the AF request is sent to the PCF through the NEF. (Optionally, the NEF performs relevant mappings, including mapping the XRM service (AF service identifier) ​​to the DNN and S-NSSAI, mapping the external application to the core network application identifier; and mapping the external UE identifier to the UE identifier within the core network based on the UDM subscription information (such as SUPI), and performing external to internal XRM service group identifier mapping based on the UDM subscription information).

[0603] In step 3, the NEF authorizes the AF request and, based on the parameters provided by the AF, determines whether to contact the TSCTSF or directly the PCF. These signaling steps can be found in the AF session with required QoS process. The PCF receives the attributes provided by the AF from the NEF or TSCTSF. The NEF triggers Npcf_PolicyAuthorization_Create, sending the AF request to the PCF with the QoS requirement information for the PCF (i.e., the first core network device) to make a policy decision.

[0604] In some embodiments, the flow characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival event, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration) of the corresponding SDF carried in the message can change dynamically and indicate the filtering criteria for the flow characteristic changes.

[0605] In step 4, the PCF makes a policy decision. The PCF may determine that updated or new policy information needs to be sent to the SMF.

[0606] In some embodiments, the PCF authorizes service data flows in PCC rules based on AF input (traffic characteristic information; and / or filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes, including trend lines, Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, continuous changes, etc.) and / or local operator configuration (e.g., identification and / or filtering and / or notification based on traffic characteristic changes).

[0607] In some embodiments, the PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy (traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS monitoring) and, based on a request received from the AF, subscribes (to the SMF and / or UPF and / or RAN) to notifications of events related to changes in the SDF's traffic pattern / traffic characteristics information. The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy in the PCC rules and provides it to the SMF.

[0608] In step 5, in response, the PCF sends an Npcf_Policy Authorization_Create response to the NEF.

[0609] In step 6, the NEF sends an Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create response message to the AF, which carries the result to inform whether the request is authorized.

[0610] In step 7, the PCF initiates an SM Policy Association Modification request to the SMF, which carries the PCC rules.

[0611] In some embodiments, based on the PCC rules from the PCF, the SMF generates a QoS configuration with authorized QoS parameters and provides it to the NG-RAN. The SMF instructs the UPF to detect dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and to identify, filter, or notify traffic characteristic changes for target service data flows based on filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, such as increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, such as content dependency changes or scene changes; and continuous changes, such as attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, and projector screen changes). In some embodiments, the SMF can configure / activate rules for the UPF (e.g., via an N4 session).

[0612] In some embodiments, when the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy and notification event, it configures the UPF to perform measurements. The SMF configures the UPF to report the results of QoS monitoring for a QoS flow with parameters determined by the SMF based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy and / or local configuration received from the PCF. After receiving the report from the UPF, the SMF forwards the report (e.g., traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS information) to the PCF to determine PCC rules and exposes the report to the AF if the AF subscribes.

[0613] In step 8, the SMF replies with an SM Policy Association Modification response to the PCF.

[0614] In step 9, SMF initiates an N4 Session Modification request to UPF, which includes flow feature information and filtering criteria.

[0615] In step 10, the UPF responds to the SMF.

[0616] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF detects dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and based on the indicated changes and filtering criteria, identifies or filters the target SDF or notifies the consumer NF (e.g., via GTP-U header to NG-RAN) based on the filtering criteria of the traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0617] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF identifies packets of the SDF or packets with PDU set processing and sends them in an extension header to the consumer NF (e.g., via a GTP-U header to the NG-RAN), at which time, filtering criteria based on traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information, and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0618] In some embodiments, a UP provisioning scheme may be considered. In some embodiments, traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival event, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and / or filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes) may be provided from the AS of the DN (directly via the NEF) to the UPF.

[0619] In some embodiments, when not provided by the DN through the CP and UP, this can be implemented based on the OAM configuration of the UPF / OAM. In some embodiments, based on the OAM configuration or operator policy, the first UP NF / UPF identifies the data packet of the SDF or the data packet with PDU set processing and sends it to the consumer NF (e.g., via the GTP-U header to the NG-RAN) in an extension header, at which time, the filtering criteria of the traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0620] In step 11, for the modification requested by the SMF, the SMF causes Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer(N2 SM information (PDU session ID, QFI, QoS configuration, N1 SM container)).

[0621] In step S12, the AMF (i.e., the sixth network element) may send an N2 message (N2 SM information received from the SMF, NAS message (PDU session ID, N1 SM container (PDU session modification command))) to the RAN.

[0622] In step 14, the RAN may acknowledge the N2 PDU Session Request by sending an N2 PDU Session Ack message to the AMF.

[0623] In some embodiments, the NG-RAN adjusts QoS parameters based on the traffic characteristics information notified from the UP NF and / or the pre-authorized MDBV value from the CP NF.

[0624] In some embodiments, through this QoS dynamic adjustment, data can be transmitted in a timely manner and reserved resources can be dynamically released.

[0625] In step 15, the AMF forwards the N2 SM information from the access network to the SMF through the Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext service operation.

[0626] In step 16, the SMF replies with an Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext response.

[0627] In steps 17 and 18, SMF can update the N4 session of UPF involved in the PDU session modification by sending an N4 Session Modification request to UPF.

[0628] Figure 10B is an interactive diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method can be implemented using a QoS processing process based on a PDU set. The process can be implemented by the following steps.

[0629] In step 1a, the PDU Session Establishment process is performed

[0630] In step 1b, the AF can send information (QoS parameters for each PDU set in the QoS flow and frame identification parameters) to the PCF through the Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request. Before the PDU session is established, the AF can also provide this information to the 5GS.

[0631] In some embodiments, the AF provides QoS requirements for media streams, indicates that traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached devices, connection migration) can change dynamically, and indicates filtering criteria for changes in traffic characteristics.

[0632] In some embodiments, the filtering criteria indicates at least one of the following:

[0633] - Trend lines, e.g., increasing or decreasing;

[0634] - Stokes variations (or semi-Stokes variations), e.g., content-dependent variations or scene changes;

[0635] - Ongoing changes (e.g., attachment device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0636] In some embodiments, the AF may send a monitoring request and subscribe to events based on the indicated traffic characteristics information and filtering criteria.

[0637] In some embodiments, the AF may provide the above information to the core network (eg, NEF and / or PCF) during the AF QoS request / update process.

[0638] In some embodiments, the AF may also provide a protocol description and PDU set related auxiliary information. The PDU set related auxiliary information may include QoS parameters for each PDU set in the QoS flow:

[0639] -PDU set processing indication (indicating whether PDU set-based processing should be activated for the flow), which can be implicitly indicated by other PDU set related information provided by the AF;

[0640] - Whether all PDUs need to be used in the application layer PDU set;

[0641] -PDU set delay budget;

[0642] -PDU set bit error rate.

[0643] In step 2, the PCF generates appropriate PCC rules. The PCC rules may include PDU set-related QoS parameters. The PCF may send the PCC rules to the SMF.

[0644] In some embodiments, the PCF authorizes service data flows in PCC rules based on AF input (traffic characteristic information; and / or, filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes, including trend lines, Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, continuous changes, etc.) and / or local operator configuration (e.g., identification and / or filtering and / or notification based on traffic characteristic changes).

[0645] In some embodiments, the PCF generates an authorized QoS monitoring policy (traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS monitoring) and, based on a request received from the AF, subscribes (to the SMF and / or UPF and / or RAN) to notifications of events related to changes in the SDF's traffic pattern / traffic characteristics information. The PCF includes the authorized QoS monitoring policy in the PCC rules and provides it to the SMF.

[0646] In some embodiments, the PDU set-related QoS parameters may be new QoS parameters for PDU set-based QoS processing in 5GS, including:

[0647] -PDU set delay budget (PSDB);

[0648] -PDU set error rate (PSER);

[0649] - Whether the use of the PDU set at the application layer requires all PDUs;

[0650] - Whether to discard PDU sets when PSDB is exceeded.

[0651] In some embodiments, this step may be implemented during a PDU session establishment process or a PDU session modification process.

[0652] In some embodiments, the PCF may generate PCC rules taking into account information provided by the AF.

[0653] In step 3, the SMF generates the QoS configuration and N4 rules based on the PCC rules from the PCF. The SMF sends the N4 rules to the UPF and sends the QoS configuration to the RAN through the AMF.

[0654] In some embodiments, based on the PCC rules from the PCF, the SMF generates a QoS configuration with authorized QoS parameters and provides it to the NG-RAN. The SMF instructs the UPF to detect dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and to identify, filter, or notify traffic characteristic changes for target service data flows based on filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, such as increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, such as content dependency changes or scene changes; and continuous changes, such as attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, and projector screen changes). In some embodiments, the SMF can configure / activate rules for the UPF (e.g., via an N4 session).

[0655] In some embodiments, when the SMF receives an authorized QoS monitoring policy and notification event, it configures the UPF to perform measurements. The SMF configures the UPF to report the results of QoS monitoring for a QoS flow with parameters determined by the SMF based on the authorized QoS monitoring policy and / or local configuration received from the PCF. After receiving the report from the UPF, the SMF forwards the report (e.g., traffic pattern / traffic characteristics related to QoS information) to the PCF to determine PCC rules and exposes the report to the AF if the AF subscribes.

[0656] In some embodiments, this step may be implemented during a PDU session establishment process or a PDU session modification process.

[0657] In step 4, the remaining steps in the PDU session establishment process or the PDU session modification process are performed.

[0658] In step 5, based on the received N4 rule or local configuration, the UPF identifies relevant information and performs QoS processing based on the PDU set according to the N4 rule instructions.

[0659] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF detects dynamic changes in the indicated traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival events, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and based on the indicated changes and filtering criteria, identifies or filters the target SDF or notifies the consumer NF (e.g., via GTP-U header to NG-RAN) based on the filtering criteria of the traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes).

[0660] In some embodiments, the first UP NF / UPF identifies packets of the SDF or packets with PDU set processing and sends them in an extension header to the consumer NF (e.g., via a GTP-U header to the NG-RAN), at which time, filtering criteria based on traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information, and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0661] In some embodiments, a UP provisioning scheme may be considered. In some embodiments, traffic characteristic information (e.g., traffic burst size, periodicity information, burst arrival event, burst end, burst interval, codec type, attached device, connection migration), and / or filtering criteria for traffic characteristic changes (including trend lines, e.g., increase or decrease; Stokes (half-Stokes) changes, e.g., content dependency changes or scene changes; continuous changes, e.g., attached device requirements, multiple monitors, monitor switching, cross-platform adapters, codec type changes, projector screen changes) may be provided from the AS of the DN (directly via the NEF) to the UPF.

[0662] In some embodiments, when not provided by the DN through the CP and UP, this can be implemented based on the OAM configuration of the UPF / OAM. In some embodiments, based on the OAM configuration or operator policy, the first UP NF / UPF identifies the data packet of the SDF or the data packet with PDU set processing and sends it to the consumer NF (e.g., via the GTP-U header to the NG-RAN) in an extension header, at which time, the filtering criteria of the traffic pattern / traffic characteristic information and / or traffic characteristic changes are considered.

[0663] In some embodiments, the PDU set information in the extended header may include at least one of the following: PDU set sequence number, the start PDU or end PDU of the PDU set, the PDU sequence number within the PDU set, the number of PDUs within the PDU set, the PDU set importance, the PDU set size, and the end of the data burst.

[0664] In some embodiments, the UPF may identify relevant information by:

[0665] -Matching of RTP / SRTP header and payload;

[0666] - New RTP extension header;

[0667] - Information provided by the AS in the N6 encapsulation header (e.g., GTP-U);

[0668] -Detection based on flow characteristics;

[0669] -UPF implementation under non-standardized mechanisms.

[0670] In step 6, the UPF sends the PDU set information to the RAN. The UPF sends the PDU set related information to the RAN. The UPF may add the PDU set related information to the GTP-U header.

[0671] In step 7, based on the received PDU set related information, the RAN may perform PDU set-based QoS processing.

[0672] In some embodiments, the NG-RAN adjusts QoS parameters based on the traffic characteristics information notified from the UP NF and / or the pre-authorized MDBV value from the CP NF.

[0673] In some embodiments, through this QoS dynamic adjustment, data can be transmitted in a timely manner and reserved resources can be dynamically released.

[0674] FIG10C is an interactive diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a communication method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication method can be implemented using an information notification process. The process can be implemented by the following steps.

[0675] In step 1, when an event is detected or an event arrives (e.g., a threshold is reached, a periodic timer times out, an event is triggered), a report can be triggered. The UPF can report measurement information based on the subscription trigger Nupf_EventExposure_Notify message.

[0676] In step 2, the UPF sends a Nupf_EventExposure_Notify message to the NEF, which carries the measurement results of the monitoring information.

[0677] In step 3, the NEF sends an Nnef_Nnef_EventExposure_Notify message to the AF, which carries the measurement result of the monitoring information.

[0678] In step 4, as an alternative, the report may not be provided by the PCF to the AF, but may be exposed / notified to the AS by the UPF directly or through the NEF.

[0679] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations of other embodiments.

[0680] The present disclosure also provides a communication device for implementing any of the above methods. For example, the present disclosure provides a communication device including units or modules for implementing each step performed by a network element in any of the above methods. For example, the present disclosure provides a communication device including units or modules for implementing each step performed by a first device in any of the above methods.

[0681] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above devices is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above devices, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0682] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP); in another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by a dedicated integrated circuit or a programmable logic device, such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0683] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG11 , the communication device 1100 may include at least one of the following: a transceiver module 1101 and a processing module 1102 .

[0684] In some embodiments, the communication device 1100 may be the first network element 1031. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to: obtain first information, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service. Optionally, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (for example, steps S2106, S2112, S2201) executed by the first network element 1031 in any of the above methods, which are not described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 1102 may be configured to execute at least one of the other steps (for example, steps S2111, S2113, S2201) executed by the first network element 1031 in any of the above methods except for the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving, which are not described in detail here.

[0685] In some embodiments, the communication device 1000 may be the second network element 1032. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to: send first information to the first network element, where the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service. Optionally, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2105, S2106, S2107, S2202, and S2203) such as sending and / or receiving performed by the second network element 1032 in any of the above methods, which will not be further described here.

[0686] In some embodiments, the communication device 1100 may be a third network element 1033. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to: send first information to the second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform QoS processing for changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service. Optionally, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (for example, steps S2103, S2105, S2203, S2204) executed by the third network element 1033 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here. Optionally, the processing module 1102 may be configured to execute at least one of the other steps (for example, step S2102) executed by the third network element 1033 in any of the above methods except the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving, which will not be repeated here.

[0687] In some embodiments, the communication device 1100 may be the fourth network element 1034. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to send first information to the third network element, where the first information is used to perform QoS processing based on changes in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service. Optionally, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to perform at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2101 and S2205) such as sending and / or receiving performed by the fourth network element 1034 in any of the above methods, which will not be further described herein.

[0688] In some embodiments, the communication device 1100 may be the first device 102. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to receive second information, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device. Optionally, the transceiver module 1101 may be configured to perform at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving performed by the first device 102 in any of the above methods (e.g., steps S2108 and SS2112), which are not described in detail here. Optionally, the processing module 1102 may be configured to perform at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2109) performed by the first device 102 in any of the above methods except the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving, which are not described in detail here.

[0689] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module. The transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with the transceiver.

[0690] In some embodiments, the processing module can be a single module or can include multiple submodules. Optionally, the multiple submodules respectively execute all or part of the steps required to be executed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be interchangeable with the processor.

[0691] Figure 12A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 12100 can be a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network device, etc.), or a terminal (e.g., a user device, etc.), or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a network device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports a terminal to implement any of the above methods. Communication device 12100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0692] As shown in Figure 12A, the communication device 12100 includes one or more processors 12101. The processor 12101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 12100 is used to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 12101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 12100 to perform any of the above methods.

[0693] In some embodiments, the communication device 12100 further includes one or more transceivers 12102. When the communication device 12100 includes one or more transceivers 12102, the transceiver 12102 performs at least one of the communication steps of sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2106, S2107, S2108, S2110, S2112, S2114, S2202, S2203, S2204, S2205, but not limited thereto), and the processor 12101 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2102, S2104, S2109, S2111, S2113, S2201, but not limited thereto). In an optional embodiment, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, terms such as transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface can be replaced with each other, terms such as transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit can be replaced with each other, and terms such as receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit can be replaced with each other.

[0694] In some embodiments, the communication device 12100 further includes one or more memories 12103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 12103 may be located outside the communication device 12100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 12100 may include one or more interface circuits 12104. Optionally, the interface circuits 12104 are connected to the memories 12103 and may be configured to receive data from the memories 12103 or other devices, or to send data to the memories 12103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 12104 may read data stored in the memories 12103 and send the data to the processor 12101.

[0695] The communication device 12100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 12100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 12100 may not be limited by FIG. 12A. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0696] FIG12B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 12100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 12200 shown in FIG12B, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0697] The chip 12200 includes one or more processors 12201. The chip 12200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0698] In some embodiments, chip 12200 further includes one or more interface circuits 12202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 12200 further includes one or more memories 12203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 12203 may be located external to chip 12200. Optionally, interface circuit 12202 is connected to memory 12203. Interface circuit 12202 may be configured to receive data from memory 12203 or other devices, or to send data to memory 12203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 12202 may read data stored in memory 12203 and send the data to processor 12201.

[0699] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 12202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2101, S2103, S2105, S2106, S2107, S2108, S2110, S2112, S2114, S2202, S2203, S2204, and S2205, but not limited thereto). The interface circuit 12202 performing the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method, for example, means that the interface circuit 12202 performs data exchange between the processor 12201, the chip 12200, the memory 12203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 12201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2102, S2104, S2109, S2111, S2113, and S2201, but not limited thereto).

[0700] The modules and / or devices described in various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be arbitrarily combined or separated according to circumstances. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0701] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a storage medium having instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed on the communication device 12100, the communication device 12100 is caused to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0702] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 12100, enables the communication device 12100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0703] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the above methods.

[0704] Other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow from the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

[0705] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, performed by a first network element, wherein: The method comprises: First information is obtained, where the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The QoS processing includes at least one of the following: Identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering based on changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream; Notification of a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; Filtering rule information, used to indicate a filtering rule for a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; Event subscription information is used to indicate event subscription associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The flow characteristics include at least one of the following: Traffic burst size; Maximum streaming bitrate; Periodicity; N6 jitter; Burst arrival time; The burst ends; burst interval; Codec type; Attached device information; Connection migration.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The periodicity includes at least one of the following: The periodicity of traffic bursts; Periodicity of packet data unit (PDU) sets; Periodicity related to network performance; Periodicity related to business content.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein The filtering rule information includes at least one of the following: Trend change information; Semi-random variation information; Continuously changing information.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein The events related to the event subscription information include at least one of the following: The flow characteristics of the first data flow change; a change trend of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow changes; The flow characteristic of the first data flow reaches a preset threshold; Periodic triggering.

8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein The obtaining of the first information includes at least one of the following: receiving the first information sent by the second network element through the control plane CP; Acquire the first information of the local configuration.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The method further comprises: The QoS processing is performed according to the first information.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The method comprises at least one of: detecting a change in a flow characteristic of the first data flow; Receive a change in the traffic characteristic of the first data flow sent by the first device.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein The method further comprises: Second information is sent to a first device, where the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The second information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; The filtering rule information is used to indicate the filtering rule for the change of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein The method further comprises: Sending third information to the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in the traffic characteristic of the first data flow.

14. A communication method, performed by a second network element, wherein: The method comprises: First information is sent to a first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in a traffic characteristic of a first data flow associated with a first service.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein The QoS processing includes at least one of the following: Identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering based on changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream; Notification of a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: The first information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; Filtering rule information, used to indicate a filtering rule for a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; Event subscription information is used to indicate event subscription associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein The flow characteristics include at least one of the following: Traffic burst size; Maximum streaming bitrate; Periodicity; N6 jitter; Burst arrival time; The burst ends; burst interval; Codec type; Attached device information; Connection migration.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The periodicity includes at least one of the following: The periodicity of traffic bursts; Periodicity of packet data unit (PDU) sets; Periodicity related to network performance; Periodicity related to business content.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein The filtering rule information includes at least one of the following: Trend change information; Semi-random variation information; Continuously changing information.

20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein The events related to the event subscription information include at least one of the following: The flow characteristics of the first data flow change; a change trend of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow changes; The flow characteristic of the first data flow reaches a preset threshold; Periodic triggering.

21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, wherein The method further comprises: Second information is sent to a first device, where the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein The second information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; The filtering rule information is used to indicate the filtering rule for the change of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 22, wherein The method further comprises: Receive the first information sent by the third network element.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, wherein The method further comprises: receiving third information sent by the first network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; The third information is sent to the third network element.

25. A communication method, performed by a third network element, wherein: The method comprises: First information is sent to the second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in a traffic characteristic of a first data flow associated with the first service.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein The QoS processing includes at least one of the following: Identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering based on changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream; Notification of a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, wherein The first information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; Filtering rule information, used to indicate a filtering rule for a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; Event subscription information is used to indicate event subscription associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein The flow characteristics include at least one of the following: Traffic burst size; Maximum streaming bitrate; Periodicity; N6 jitter; Burst arrival time; The burst ends; burst interval; Codec type; Attached device information; Connection migration.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein The periodicity includes at least one of the following: The periodicity of traffic bursts; Periodicity of packet data unit (PDU) sets; Periodicity related to network performance; Periodicity related to business content.

30. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein The filtering rule information includes at least one of the following: Trend change information; Semi-random variation information; Continuously changing information.

31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30, wherein The events related to the event subscription information include at least one of the following: The flow characteristics of the first data flow change; a change trend of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow changes; The flow characteristic of the first data flow reaches a preset threshold; Periodic triggering.

32. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein The method further comprises: Receive the first information sent by the fourth network element.

33. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein The method further comprises: receiving third information sent by the second network element, wherein the third information is used to notify an event associated with a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; Send the third information to the fourth network element.

34. A communication method, performed by a fourth network element, wherein: The method comprises: First information is sent to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein The QoS processing includes at least one of the following: Identifying changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow; filtering based on changes in traffic characteristics of the first data stream; Notification of a change in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

36. The method according to claim 34 or 35, wherein The first information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; Filtering rule information, used to indicate a filtering rule for a change in a traffic characteristic of the first data flow; Event subscription information is used to indicate event subscription associated with changes in traffic characteristics of the first data flow.

37. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 36, wherein The flow characteristics include at least one of the following: Traffic burst size; Maximum streaming bitrate; Periodicity; N6 jitter; Burst arrival time; The burst ends; burst interval; Codec type; Attached device information; Connection migration.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein: The periodicity includes at least one of the following: The periodicity of traffic bursts; Periodicity of packet data unit (PDU) sets; Periodicity related to network performance; Periodicity related to business content.

39. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein The filtering rule information includes at least one of the following: Trend change information; Semi-random variation information; Continuously changing information.

40. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 39, wherein The events related to the event subscription information include at least one of the following: The flow characteristics of the first data flow change; a change trend of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow changes; The flow characteristic of the first data flow reaches a preset threshold; Periodic triggering.

41. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 40, wherein The method further comprises: Receive third information sent by a third network element, wherein the third information is used to notify the change of the flow characteristics of the first data flow Associated events.

42. A communication method, performed by a first device, wherein: The method comprises: Second information is received, where the second information is used to determine a QoS parameter of the first device.

43. The method according to claim 42, wherein The second information includes at least one of the following: Traffic characteristic information, used to indicate that the traffic characteristic of the first data flow is dynamically changing; The filtering rule information is used to indicate the filtering rule for the change of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow.

44. The method according to claim 43, wherein The flow characteristics include at least one of the following: Traffic burst size; Maximum streaming bitrate; Periodicity; N6 jitter; Burst arrival time; The burst ends; burst interval; Codec type; Attached device information; Connection migration.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein: The periodicity includes at least one of the following: The periodicity of traffic bursts; Periodicity of packet data unit (PDU) sets; Periodicity related to network performance; Periodicity related to business content.

46. ​​A method according to any one of claims 43 to 45, wherein The filtering rule information includes at least one of the following: Trend change information; Semi-random variation information; Continuously changing information.

47. A method according to any one of claims 43 to 46, wherein The events related to the event subscription information include at least one of the following: The flow characteristics of the first data flow change; a change trend of the traffic characteristic of the first data flow changes; The flow characteristic of the first data flow reaches a preset threshold; Periodic triggering.

48. The method according to any one of claims 42 to 47, wherein The method further comprises: Determine QoS parameters based on the second information.

49. The method according to any one of claims 42 to 48, wherein The method further comprises: The transmission resources are dynamically adjusted according to the second information and / or QoS parameters.

50. A communication method, performed by a core network, wherein: The core network includes a first network element, a second network element, and a third network element; The method comprises: The third network element sends first information to the second network element; The second network element sends the first information to the first network element; The first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

51. A communication device, provided in a first network element, wherein: The device comprises: The transceiver module is configured to obtain first information, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in a flow characteristic of a first data flow associated with a first service.

52. A communication device, provided in a second network element, wherein: The device comprises: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

53. A communication device, provided in a third network element, wherein: The device comprises: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the second network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

54. A communication device, provided in a fourth network element, wherein: The device comprises: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a third network element, wherein the first information is used to perform quality of service (QoS) processing on a change in traffic characteristics of a first data flow associated with a first service.

55. A communication device, provided in a first device, wherein: The device comprises: The transceiver module is configured to receive second information, wherein the second information is used to determine the QoS parameters of the first device.

56. A communication device comprising: one or more processors; a memory storing instructions; When the instruction is executed by the communication device, the communication device implements one of the following: The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13; The communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 24; The communication method according to any one of claims 25 to 33; The communication method according to any one of claims 34 to 41; A communication method as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 49.

57. A communication system comprising: A first network element, configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13; A second network element, configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 24; A third network element, configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 25 to 33; A fourth network element, configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 34 to 41; A first device, configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 42 to 49.

58. A storage medium storing instructions, wherein: When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to implement at least one of the following: The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13; The communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 24; The communication method according to any one of claims 25 to 33; The communication method according to any one of claims 34 to 41; A communication method as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 49. The communication method as claimed in claim 50.

59. A computer program product comprising instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to implement at least one of the following: The communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 13; The communication method according to any one of claims 14 to 24; The communication method according to any one of claims 25 to 33; The communication method according to any one of claims 34 to 41; A communication method as claimed in any one of claims 42 to 49. The communication method as claimed in claim 50.

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