Communication method, apparatus and device, and medium and program product

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of wireless communications. Disclosed are a communication method, apparatus and device, and a medium and a program product. The method is executed by a first wireless device, and the method comprises: sending a first portion, wherein the first portion is associated with a first PPDU, the first portion uses a different physical layer technology from that used by the first PPDU, and the first PPDU is received or sent by a second wireless device. A channel is protected by means of a first portion, thereby preventing interference from other devices during the transmission of a second portion.

Description

Communication method, apparatus, device, medium and program product TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a communication method, apparatus, device, medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] Some devices are limited by low power consumption, low complexity and low precision, and it is difficult for them to use the conventional CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) mechanism for transmission. Even if the channel transmission obtained by using compatible devices, the signals sent or received by such devices are difficult to be detected by other devices, which is easy to cause other devices to mistakenly think that the channel is idle, thereby causing channel access conflict and interference problems.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a communication method, apparatus, device, medium and program product, which at least includes:

[0005] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication method is provided, which is performed by a first wireless device, and the method includes:

[0006] sending a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or sent by a second wireless device.

[0007] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication method is provided, which is performed by a second wireless device, and the method includes:

[0008] sending or receiving a first PPDU, the first PPDU being associated with a first part, the first part being different from a physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, the first part being sent by a first wireless device.

[0009] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes:

[0010] a sending module configured to send a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or sent by a second wireless device.

[0011] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes:

[0012] a receiving module or a sending module, the sending module being configured to send a first PPDU, and the receiving module being configured to receive the first PPDU, the first PPDU being associated with a first part, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, and the first part being sent by a first wireless device.

[0013] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present application, a communication device is provided, which comprises: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the communication method according to any of the above aspects.

[0014] According to another aspect of some embodiments of the present application, a communication device is provided, which comprises: a receiver; and the communication device is configured to implement the communication method according to any of the above aspects.

[0015] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores at least one program, and the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the communication method according to any of the above aspects.

[0016] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present application, a computer program product or a computer program is provided, which comprises computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor acquires the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to implement the communication method according to any of the above aspects.

[0017] According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present application, a chip is provided, which comprises a programmable logic circuit and / or at least one program, and the chip is configured to implement the communication method according to any of the above aspects based on the programmable logic circuit and / or the at least one program.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The first part sent by the first wireless device before the transmission of the first PPDU is in a different physical layer technology, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the mis-access of other devices to the transmission of the first PPDU, and meets the transmission requirement of the second wireless device. This is because the first part is in a different physical layer technology from the first PPDU, and has compatibility, so that the first part can be detected by other devices except the second wireless device, and other devices can determine that the channel is not in an idle state based on the first part, thereby avoiding the channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0021] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG. 9 shows a format diagram of a first PPDU according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG. 11 shows a format diagram of a first part and a second part according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG. 13 shows a diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG. 14 shows a format diagram of an NDP frame according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG. 15 shows a format diagram of a CTS frame according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 18 shows a structural block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 19 shows a structural block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 20 shows a structural diagram of a communication device according to an example embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 21 shows a structural diagram of a communication device according to an example embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] For the purpose of the present application, the technical solutions and advantages will be more clearly understood, the following will be further described in detail with the attached drawings. Here will be described in detail the example embodiments, which example is shown in the drawings. The following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The following example embodiments described in the embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] The terminology used in the present application is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present application. As used in the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0044] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used herein to describe various information, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one category of information from another category of information. For example, a first information can also be termed a second information, similarly, a second information can also be termed a first information without departing from the scope of the present application. Depending on the context, the word "if' as used herein can be interpreted to mean "when" or "in response to determining". In the present specification, when expressing the meaning of Boolean Value, it is expressed as "0" represents "first meaning", "1" represents "second meaning", without loss of generality, the skilled in the art can understand that the representative meaning can be reversed, i.e. "1" represents "first meaning", "0" represents "second meaning".

[0045] The technical solutions described in some embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: a GSM (Global System of Mobile communication) system, a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) system, a WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) system, a GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) system, an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, an LTE-A (Advanced long term evolution) system, an NR (New Radio) system, an evolved system of the NR system, an LTE-U (LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system, an NR-U (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) system, a TN (Terrestrial Networks) system, an NTN (Non-Terrestrial Networks) system, a UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), a WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) communication system, a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks), a Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), a 5G (5th-Generation) system, a cellular Internet of Things system, a cellular passive Internet of Things system, an evolved system of the NR system, a B5G (Beyond 5th-Generation) system, a 6G and an evolved system thereof.

[0046] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 100 provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system 100 includes terminal devices and terminal devices, or terminal devices and network devices, or stations (STA) and stations, which are not limited herein.

[0047] In this application, a STA can include an AP STA (Access Point STA) and / or a non-AP STA (non-Access Point STA). Among them, the AP STA can be referred to as an AP. The communication between STAs can be implemented as the communication between an AP and a non-AP STA, or the communication between non-AP STAs, or the communication between a STA and a peer STA (peer STA). Among them, the peer STA refers to a device communicating with the STA, and the peer STA can be an AP or a non-AP STA. FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 including an AP 110 and a non-AP STA 120.

[0048] In some embodiments, the AP 110 is a device deployed in a WLAN / Wi-Fi system to provide wireless communication functions for STAs. The AP 110 is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks, and its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together and then access the wireless network to the Ethernet. The AP 110 can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a WLAN / Wi-Fi chip.

[0049] In some embodiments, the AP 110 can be a device supporting multiple current and future IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 family WLAN standards such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a. The AP 110 can also be applied to a network environment supporting the next-generation WLAN system / next-generation Wi-Fi communication.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the next-generation WLAN system is a WLAN system evolved from the 802.11be system and can meet the backward compatibility with the 802.11be system. The next-generation Wi-Fi communication is any new generation of Wi-Fi communication after Wi-Fi 7 based on the IEEE 802.11be specification, such as UHR (Ultra High Reliability) communication, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, the non-AP STA 120 can be a UE (User Equipment), a mobile phone, a tablet, an e-book reader, a laptop, a desktop computer, a television, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, an MR (Mediated Reality) device, an XR (Extended Reality) device, a BR (Baffle Reality) device, a CR (Cinematic Reality) device, a DR (Deceive Reality) device, a remote terminal, a wireless device in Industrial Control, a wireless device in Self Driving, a vehicle-mounted communication device, a wearable device, a wireless device in Remote Medical, a wireless device in Smart Grid, a wireless device in Transportation Safety, a wireless device in Smart City, or a wireless device in Smart Home (such as a smart camera, a smart remote controller, a smart water meter, etc.), a wireless communication chip, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a SoC (System on Chip), an IoT (Internet of Things) node, a sensor, a wireless device in IoV (Internet of Vehicles), etc. The non-AP STA 120 can also be a handheld device, a computing device, or other processing device with wireless communication function connected to a wireless modem, etc., which are not listed here.

[0052] It can be understood that the role of the STA in wireless communication is not absolute. For example, when the mobile phone A connects to the router, the mobile phone A is a non-AP STA, and when the mobile phone A acts as a hotspot for the mobile phone B, the mobile phone A plays the role of an AP.

[0053] In some embodiments, the non-AP STA 120 can be a device that supports multiple current and future IEEE 802.11 family of WLAN standards, such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a. The non-AP STA 120 can also be applied in a network environment that supports next-generation WLAN systems / next-generation Wi-Fi communications.

[0054] In some embodiments, the AP 110 and the non-AP STA 120 both support IEEE 802.11 protocols, but are not limited to IEEE 802.11 protocols.

[0055] In some embodiments, the wireless communication system 100 can support frequency bands including, but not limited to, mmWave (millimeter wave) frequency bands (such as 45 GHz, 60 GHz, etc., which belong to the frequency bands in the range of 30-300 GHz), low frequency bands. Among them, the low frequency band includes the Sub-7GHz frequency band (such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc., which belong to the frequency bands in the range of 1-7.25 GHz).

[0056] In some embodiments, there is one or more links between the AP 110 and the non-AP STA 120.

[0057] In some embodiments, multi-band communication is supported between the AP 110 and the non-AP STA 120. For example, communication is simultaneously performed in at least one of the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, 45 GHz, 60 GHz, etc. frequency bands. For another example, communication is simultaneously performed on different channels of the same frequency band or different channels of different frequency bands. Multi-band communication can improve the communication throughput and / or reliability between devices. Such a device supporting multi-band communication can be considered to have MLO (Multi-Link Operation) capability, and is usually referred to as a multi-band device or MLD (Multi-Link Device), and sometimes also referred to as a multi-band entity or a multi-link entity. The MLD can be an AP device or a non-AP STA device. If the MLD is an AP device, the MLD contains one or more APs; if the MLD is a non-AP STA device, the MLD contains one or more non-AP STAs. Multiple links can be formed between the AP in the AP MLD and the STA in the STA MLD, and the AP in the AP MLD and the STA in the STA MLD can communicate through the corresponding links.

[0058] • Regarding channel access mechanisms

[0059] In IEEE 802.11 protocol, the basic channel access protocol is DCF (Distributed Coordination Function), which can make different compatible STA devices share the use of the channel and reduce the probability of collision through the CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) mechanism. DCF mainly includes the following four core mechanisms:

[0060] 1. Carrier sensing mechanism: Carrier sensing mechanism is divided into physical carrier sensing and virtual carrier sensing. The result of any sensing indicates that the channel is busy, then the channel is busy. Physical carrier sensing adopts three channel idle detection methods, energy detection, carrier detection and energy-carrier hybrid detection, collectively known as CCA (Clear Channel Assessment). Energy detection is to judge the energy size of the received signal. When the received power is greater than the physical layer specified threshold ED_threshold, it is considered that the channel is occupied. Carrier detection is to detect the preamble part of the signal in the channel, and judge whether the channel is occupied according to the detection result.

[0061] Virtual carrier sensing mechanism is provided by the MAC (Media Access Control) layer, and 802.11 protocol uses NAV (Network Allocation Vector) to realize virtual sensing. The Dur / ID field in the MAC frame stores the "duration". The STA receiving the information judges the time when the channel will be occupied, and determines the time delay of its own transmission. NAV is a Timer, which is used to define how long the current channel needs to be occupied. The starting value is the duration of the last received frame, and the countdown ends when it is 0. Each STA uses this NAV timer. When communicating data, the STA occupying the channel will inform other STAs how long it needs through the Duration field in the frame, and the STA that has not acquired the channel updates its own NAV value by comparing the received packet Duration value. When the NAV value is 0 and the physical carrier sensing indicates that the channel is idle, it is considered that the current channel is in idle state.

[0062] 2. IFS (Interframe Space, interframe space) mechanism: in order to avoid collision as much as possible, 802.11 protocol stipulates that after completing transmission, all STAs must wait for a very short time (continue to listen) before transmitting the next frame. This period is commonly referred to as IFS. The length of IFS depends on the type of frame to be transmitted by the station. High-priority frames require shorter waiting time, so they can have priority to obtain the right to transmit, but low-priority frames must wait for a longer time. If the low-priority frame has not yet been transmitted and other high-priority frames have been transmitted to the medium, the medium becomes busy and the low-priority frame can only be delayed again. This reduces the chance of collision.

[0063] IFS provides different priorities for dividing wireless medium access, different priorities are divided according to the length of IFS, the shorter the time, the higher the corresponding priority, and the time of interframe interval is arranged from small to large: SIFS (Short IFS, short interframe interval), PIFS (Point Coordination Function IFS, point coordination function interframe interval), DIFS (DCF IFS, distributed coordination function interframe interval), EIFS (Extended IFS, extended interframe interval).

[0064] Among them, SIFS is the shortest time segment, used to separate frames that need to be responded immediately, such as control frames, for example, RTS (Request To Send, request to send) frame, CTS (Clear To Send, clear to send) frame, ACK (Acknowledgment, acknowledgment) frame. The shortest interval is used between two transmissions of frame exchange sequence, which can prevent other stations waiting for the medium from trying to use the medium.

[0065] PIFS can only be used by STAs working in PCF mode. DIFS can only be used by STAs working in DCF mode.

[0066] EIFS: in the case of an error in the previous frame, the sending node has to delay EIFS instead of DIFS before transmitting the next frame.

[0067] 3. Random backoff mechanism: Binary exponential backoff is used in 802.11 to solve the time of backoff when the node fails to send or has a collision. When the MAC layer has a frame to send, after the physical carrier sensing and virtual carrier sensing both indicate that the channel is idle, if the count value of the backoff window is not 0, then continue to reduce the count value in slot time units, otherwise generate a random backoff window for backoff. The node selects a random number as the basis for a random backoff count value in the contention window, and after the backoff time is selected, it is equivalent to setting a Backoff Timer. The value of the contention window is a parameter value between the physical characteristic value CWmin (Minimum Contention Window) and CWmax (Maximum Contention Window), which is used to let the node select the range of the Backoff Counter. The station continuously monitors the channel in slot time. If the channel is detected to be idle, the backoff timer continues to count down by one; if the channel is detected to be busy, the remaining time of the backoff timer is frozen, and the channel is waited to be idle again after time DIFS, and then the remaining time is continued to count down. When the backoff timer time decreases to zero, the entire data frame is sent.

[0068] 4. RTS / CTS handshake mechanism: RTS / CTS is a mechanism used by 802.11 protocol to reduce the collision caused by hidden node problem. The basic idea of RTS / CTS mechanism is to reserve the channel through a short control packet. If the sending station wants to send a message to the receiving station, it first sends an RTS control frame. After the stations around the sending station receive the RTS, they set their NAV values according to the Duration field. After the receiving station receives the RTS, it replies with a CTS control frame. After the stations around the receiving station receive the CTS, they set their NAV values according to the Duration field. The stations with NAV value not equal to 0 cannot perform idle monitoring of the channel, thereby avoiding collision with the transmission between the sending station and the receiving station.

[0069] ·About zero-power device

[0070] With the development of communication technology and the expansion of communication demand, the demand for low power consumption of communication equipment is becoming more and more urgent. Therefore, zero-power communication technology is introduced to reduce the power consumption of the UE side. The zero-power communication technology can also be referred to as at least one of the following: ultra-low power communication technology, low power communication technology, etc. The communication equipment used to implement the zero-power communication technology can be referred to as a zero-power device, and the zero-power device can also be referred to as at least one of the following: ultra-low power device, low power device, etc.

[0071] Specifically, from the perspective of energy source and usage, zero-power devices can be divided into the following three types:

[0072] (1) Passive device; a passive device does not need to be equipped with a battery. When the passive device approaches a network device (such as a reader of an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system), the passive device is in the near-field range formed by the antenna radiation of the network device, and thus the antenna of the passive device generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuit of the passive device. The passive device can realize demodulation of a forward link signal and modulation of a backward link signal. For a backscatter link, the passive device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit a signal. The passive device does not need to be equipped with a built-in battery to drive, and thus can be considered as a true zero-power device.

[0073] In addition to not needing a battery, the radio frequency circuit and the baseband circuit of the passive device are also very simple, for example, without the need for an LNA (Low-Noise Amplifier), a PA (Power Amplifier), a crystal oscillator, an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), and the like, so that the passive device has many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0074] The passive device can also support other energy harvesting methods, and can obtain energy to drive a circuit to realize communication by harvesting energy (such as light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, and the like) in the environment.

[0075] (2) Semi-passive device; a semi-passive device does not need to be equipped with a conventional battery. The semi-passive device can harvest radio wave energy through a radio frequency energy harvesting module or harvest energy (such as light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy, and the like) in the environment using an energy harvesting module, and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit (such as a capacitor). After the energy storage unit obtains energy, the energy storage unit can drive the low-power chip circuit of the semi-passive device. The semi-passive device can realize demodulation of a forward link signal and modulation of a backward link signal. For a backscatter link, the semi-passive device can use backscatter or low-power active transmission to transmit a signal.

[0076] The semi-passive device does not need to be equipped with a built-in battery to drive, and although the semi-passive device uses energy stored in a capacitor during operation, the energy source is radio frequency energy, and thus the semi-passive device can also be considered as a true zero-power device. The semi-passive device inherits many advantages of the passive device, such as small size, light weight, very low price, long service life, and the like.

[0077] (3) Active device; the active device can be built-in with a battery. The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the active device. The active device implements demodulation of the forward link signal, and signal modulation of the back link, etc. The signal transmission of the back link of the active device can not consume the power of the active device itself, and the back link transmission is realized by backscattering. Alternatively, the active device realizes the back link transmission by low-power active transmission. Although built-in battery, the active device has very low power consumption and complexity, so the capacity of the battery can be set in a small range, thereby realizing small cost and size. The battery built-in in the active device can also be used as an energy storage unit to store the environmental energy collected by the energy harvesting module, thereby making the maintenance period of the active device longer, even maintenance-free.

[0078] In the active device, the built-in battery is used for power supply, which increases the communication distance of the active device and improves the reliability of the communication. Therefore, in some scenarios with relatively high requirements on communication distance, reading delay, etc., the active device can be applied.

[0079] Specifically, from the perspective of the transmitter type, the zero-power device can be divided into the following three types:

[0080] (1) The device with a backscattering module uses the backscattering mode described above for uplink transmission. This type of device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a transmitter with a backscattering module. Therefore, when performing uplink transmission, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and the device performs backscattering based on the carrier to realize uplink transmission.

[0081] (2) The device with an active transmitter uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability for uplink transmission, so the device can send uplink data using its own active transmitter without the need for the network device to provide a carrier. The active transmitter suitable for this type of device can be, for example, a low-power ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) transmitter, a low-power FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) transmitter, etc. Based on the current implementation, the overall power consumption of the device can be reduced to 400-600 μW when the transmitter transmits a signal of 100 μW.

[0082] (3) The device with both a backscattering module and an active transmitter supports both backscattering and active transmission. The device can determine whether to use backscattering or active transmission based on different situations (such as different power levels, different available environmental energy sources), or based on the scheduling of the network device.

[0083] • Cellular passive IoT

[0084] With the increasing applications in the communication industry, the types and application scenarios of connected objects are increasing, and there will be higher requirements for the price and power consumption of communication devices. The application of battery-free and low-cost Passive IoT (Passive Internet of Things) devices has become a key technology for cellular IoT, enriching the types and quantities of wireless network link terminals and truly realizing the Internet of Everything. Passive IoT devices can be based on zero-power technologies such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology and extended on this basis to be applicable to cellular IoT.

[0085] In the NR system and the Wi-Fi system, the advantages of battery-free and low-cost can support low-cost massive deployment and maintenance-free of IoT devices. Currently, IoT devices based on ambient energy are being studied to solve the energy supply problem. IoT devices based on ambient energy, which can be referred to as Ambient IoT / A-IoT / AMP (Ambient Power Enabled IoT) devices, etc., derive their working energy from Energy Harvesting. The source of ambient energy can be wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. Among them, devices that collect wireless radio frequency energy to drive their own work may need other devices to provide wireless radio frequency energy signals for them.

[0086] Such AMP devices are similar to passive or semi-passive devices in zero-power communication. The AMP device collects ambient energy and stores it in an energy storage unit. When the energy storage unit obtains sufficient energy, it can drive low-power circuits to work for signal demodulation of the forward link and signal modulation, transmission, etc. of the reverse link.

[0087] In some scenarios, the AMP devices can be divided into three types as follows, each with corresponding complexity and communication capabilities: Device A: no energy storage capability. Cannot transmit independent signals, i.e., uses backscattering transmission mode. Device B: has energy storage capability. Cannot transmit independent signals, i.e., uses backscattering transmission mode. Can amplify the backscattering signal using stored energy. Device C: has energy storage capability. Can transmit independent signals, i.e., has active transmission capability. Among them, Device A has the lowest complexity and power consumption, which can be as low as 1 micro-watt, but its communication distance is limited, generally only a few meters. Device A needs a network device to provide a carrier signal for backscattering transmission. Device C generally has a large-capacity capacitor to store energy from the environment, and the power consumption can support several hundred micro-watts, which can support active signal emission and has a larger communication distance. Since Device C can actively emit, it does not need the network device to provide a carrier signal for Device C. The complexity and power consumption of Device B are between Device A and Device C.

[0088] In other scenarios, the AMP devices can be divided into two types as follows:

[0089] The first type of AMP device: 0-1 micro-watt peak power consumption, this type of AMP device has energy storage, the initial sampling frequency offset is 10X ppm, there is no uplink and downlink power amplifier, and the uplink transmission is transmitted by backscattering the external carrier.

[0090] The second type of AMP device: less than several hundred micro-watts of peak power consumption, this type of AMP device has energy storage, the initial sampling frequency offset is 10X ppm, and may be configured with uplink and / or downlink power amplifiers, and can transmit uplink by generating uplink inside the AMP device, i.e., active emission, or by backscattering the external carrier to transmit uplink.

[0091] Overall, compared with other Internet of Things devices, AMP devices have many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, long service life, etc.

[0092] If the AMP device also has the need to use the unlicensed spectrum, in order to ensure the fairness of channel use, the AMP device also needs to perform the corresponding CCA to determine whether the channel is idle. Therefore, the AMP device should also support the CSMA / CA mechanism to achieve compatibility and coexistence with existing devices. Taking the WiFi system as an example, the channel occupation of the AMP device needs to support the DCF protocol. This requires the AMP device to be able to detect the PPDU (Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit) frame sent by the existing OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) technology based device to meet the physical and virtual carrier sensing, and support the RTS / CTS mechanism. However, as known from the foregoing, the AMP device is limited by the design of low power consumption and low complexity, and the receiver only supports simple modulation and demodulation modes such as ASK, FSK, PSK (Phase Shift Keying) and the like, and does not support the OFDM modulation mode. The AMP device cannot perform CCA based on the OFDM technology to realize channel access.

[0093] In order to solve the compatibility problem of the channel access mechanism of the AMP device, it can be considered that the channel shared by the compatibility device, such as the device supporting the channel access mechanism of the existing 802.11 protocol, is shared to the AMP device for use, and the AMP device can use the channel without supporting the channel access mechanism of the existing 802.11 protocol. At this time, the PPDU sent by the AMP device on the shared channel can not contain the compatible physical layer part. However, under this method, the PPDU sent by the AMP device will not be monitored by other STAs, and other devices cannot perform carrier sensing. Although the channel used by the AMP device is obtained by the compatibility device through the channel access mechanism, some devices may miss the monitoring of the physical layer part sent by the compatibility device in the channel access process, and mistakenly believe that the channel is idle during the AMP device uses the channel to send the PPDU. And because the transmission power of the AMP device is low, especially when the AMP device adopts the backscatter communication mode, the power of the backscatter signal is lower, and it is also difficult for other devices to judge whether the channel is idle through energy detection. Therefore, when the AMP device sends the PPDU, the compatible physical layer part is needed to realize the carrier sensing of other devices, otherwise it is difficult to protect the period during which the AMP device uses the channel from the interference of other devices.

[0094] Therefore, the application provides a communication method, which helps to solve the problem that the AMP device cannot send compatible physical layer parts, but needs compatible physical layer parts to protect the transmission of the AMP device, and can avoid as much as possible the conflict and interference between the AMP device and other STAs.

[0095] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system 200 provided by an example embodiment of the application, which includes a first wireless device 210 and a second wireless device 220. Based on the actual communication scenario, the wireless communication system 200 can also include other devices, which are not limited by the application. The first wireless device 210 has a wireless communication function, including at least one of the following: an AP, a non-AP STA, a network device, and a terminal device.

[0096] The network device can include a network device in a WLAN / Wi-Fi system, or a network device in a cellular network. For example, the network device includes at least one of the following: an AP (which can refer to the AP 110 shown in FIG. 1), a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a base station, an eNB (Evolved Node B), an NB (Node B), a gNB (Next Generation Node B), an HNB (e.g., Home Evolved Node B or Home Node B), a TRP (Transmission and Reception Point), an RNC (Radio Network Controller), a BSC (Base Station Controller), a BTS (Base Transceiver Station), a BBU (Baseband Unit), a DU (Distributed Unit), one or more antenna panels of a base station, a base station in a B5G (Beyond Fifth Generation) system, and a reader / writer.

[0097] The terminal device can include a terminal device in a WLAN / Wi-Fi system, or a terminal device in a cellular network. For example, the terminal device includes at least one of the following: a non-AP STA (which can refer to the non-AP STA 120 shown in FIG. 1), a UE, a mobile phone, a computer, a sensor, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a handheld device, and the like.

[0098] The second wireless device 220 also has a wireless communication function.

[0099] In some embodiments, the second wireless device 220 comprises at least one of the following: an A-IoT device, an AMP device, a passive IoT device, a zero-power device, a low-power device, an ultra-low-power device, a device that harvests radio frequency energy, a device that harvests electromagnetic wave energy.

[0100] In some embodiments, the second wireless device 220 supports a backscattering and / or an active transmitting communication mode. If the second wireless device 220 uses the backscattering communication mode, it needs to obtain a carrier signal from the outside world.

[0101] In some embodiments, the energy used by the second wireless device 220 for communication is harvested from the environment by the second wireless device 220. The environmental energy includes at least one of the following: wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, kinetic energy, etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the wireless radio frequency energy is harvested based on wireless radio frequency signals in the environment, such as radio frequency signals of other communication systems, broadcast signals, etc. At this time, the energy harvesting method of the second wireless device 220 can be considered as passive.

[0103] In some embodiments, the wireless radio frequency energy is harvested based on in-band wireless radio frequency signals, such as signals transmitted using the time-frequency resources within the communication system, which helps to ensure the energy harvesting efficiency and reliability.

[0104] FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which is performed by a first wireless device, and the method comprises at least part of the following steps:

[0105] Step 320: transmitting a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or transmitted by a second wireless device.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first part is associated with the first PPDU in at least one of the following aspects: the first part is capable of protecting the transmission of the first PPDU, and the first part is associated with the first PPDU in the time domain.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first part is associated with the first PPDU in the time domain, which can be understood as that the first part and the first PPDU are both transmitted within a time range. For example, the first part and the first PPDU are both transmitted within a first time range, i.e., the time domain resources used by the first part and the first PPDU are both located within the first time range.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first part is associated with the first PPDU in the time domain, which can be understood as that there is a time domain interval between the first part and the first PPDU.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first portion is associated with the first PPDU in time domain, which can be understood as that there is no time domain interval between the first portion and the first PPDU. That is, the first PPDU is transmitted immediately after the transmission of the first portion ends.

[0110] If the first PPDU is transmitted by the second wireless device, it means that the first portion and the first PPDU are transmitted by different wireless devices.

[0111] If the first PPDU is received by the second wireless device and the first PPDU is transmitted by the first wireless device, it means that the first portion and the first PPDU are transmitted by the first wireless device respectively, and the receivers of the first portion and the first PPDU are different.

[0112] If the first PPDU is received by the second wireless device and the second portion is transmitted by the third wireless device, it means that the transmitter and the receiver of the first portion and the first PPDU are different. The third wireless device refers to a wireless device in the communication system other than the first wireless device and the second wireless device.

[0113] The physical layer provides services for the MAC layer and higher layers in the form of a transmission channel, and supports all functions required for bit stream transmission in the physical medium, thereby providing transparent bit stream transmission between two communication devices. The physical layer technology is the technology required to implement bit stream transmission.

[0114] In this application, the physical layer technology is different, including at least one of the following aspects: different modulation methods, different coding methods, different waveforms, different bandwidths, different transmission rates, different communication methods (such as simplex communication, half-duplex communication, full-duplex communication, etc.), different information transmission methods (such as serial transmission, parallel transmission), different antenna technologies, and different resource mapping methods (such as centralized resource allocation method, distributed resource allocation method).

[0115] From the perspective of frequency bands, the first portion can be transmitted in a millimeter wave frequency band (such as 45 GHz, 60 GHz, etc. belonging to the frequency band within the range of 30-300 GHz), or in a non-millimeter wave frequency band. The non-millimeter wave frequency band includes a low frequency band (such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc. belonging to the frequency band within the range of 1-7.25 GHz), or a new frequency band that is different from the millimeter wave frequency band and is planned in the future.

[0116] From the perspective of waveform, the waveform of the first portion can be a sine wave, or a square wave, or a triangular wave, or a pulse, or a rectangular wave, etc. The waveform of the first portion can be continuous or discontinuous, that is, the first portion is allowed to be interrupted within a certain time domain range.

[0117] From the coding point of view, the first part can use one of the following coding methods: NRZ (Not Return to Zero) coding; Manchester coding; URZ (Unipolar Return to Zero) coding; DBP (Differential Binary Phase) coding; Miller coding; differential coding.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first part includes part or all of the Wi-Fi frame. That is, the first part can include a complete Wi-Fi frame, or can include part of the domain of the Wi-Fi frame.

[0119] In some embodiments, the number of second wireless devices is one or more.

[0120] The first wireless device involved in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the first wireless device 210 shown in FIG. 2, and the second wireless device involved in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the second wireless device 220 shown in FIG. 2, which will not be described here.

[0121] To sum up, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application transmits the first part using different physical layer technologies before the transmission of the first PPDU, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel to the transmission of the first PPDU, and meets the transmission requirements of the second wireless device. This is because the first part uses a physical layer technology different from the first PPDU, which has compatibility, so that the first part can be detected by other devices except the second wireless device, and other devices can determine that the channel is not in an idle state based on the first part, thereby avoiding the channel.

[0122] In some embodiments, step 320 can be implemented as step 420. In addition to the first part, the first wireless device can also transmit the first frame, as shown in FIG. 4.

[0123] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which is performed by a first wireless device, and the method includes at least part of the following steps:

[0124] Step 410: Transmit the first frame, and the first frame is used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or transmit the first PPDU.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to transmit or receive the first PPDU on the first channel, which can also be understood as the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to use the first channel. The first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the number of the first PPDUs is one or more.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to transmit or receive the first PPDU on the first channel within the first time range, which can also be understood as the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to use the first channel within the first time range. The first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the number of the first PPDUs transmitted within the first time range is one or more.

[0127] In some embodiments, the length of the first time range is agreed by a communication protocol, or indicated by the first frame, or pre-configured by the first wireless device. Optionally, the length of the first time range is T ms (milliseconds), and T is greater than 0. Exemplarily, the value of T is 5.484 or 10 or 2.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first time range includes a protection interval. Optionally, the protection interval can also be referred to as at least one of the following: protection period, protection time.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to transmit or receive the first PPDU within the first TXOP, which can also be understood as the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to use the first TXOP. The first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the number of the first PPDUs transmitted within the first TXOP is one or more.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to transmit or receive the first PPDU within the first SP (Service Period), which can also be understood as the first frame is configured to trigger the second wireless device to use the first SP. The first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the number of the first PPDUs transmitted within the first SP is one or more.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first frame includes at least one of the following: a trigger frame, a poll frame, a grant frame, a query frame, a paging frame.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first frame and the first PPDU are both transmitted on the first channel, or the first frame and the first PPDU are both transmitted within the first TXOP, or the first frame and the first PPDU are both transmitted within the first SP.

[0133] In some embodiments, the number of the second wireless devices is one or more.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first frame and the first PPDU employ the same physical layer technology. Alternatively, the first frame includes a portion of the domain that is the same as the physical layer technology employed by the first PPDU.

[0135] Step 410 is an optional step. In some cases, the first wireless device can not perform step 410.

[0136] Step 420: transmitting a first portion, the first portion being associated with the first PPDU.

[0137] The first portion is different from the physical layer technology employed by the first PPDU. For example, the first portion and the first PPDU are different in at least one of the following aspects: different modulation, different coding, different waveform, different bandwidth, different transmission rate, different communication manner, different information transmission manner, different antenna technology, different resource mapping manner.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first portion includes at least one of the following: a compatible physical layer portion, a compatible MAC header.

[0139] The compatible physical layer portion is a forward-compatible physical layer portion, such as a physical layer portion compatible with the channel access protocol described above, or a physical layer portion compatible with the wireless communication system 100 described above. Alternatively, the compatible physical layer portion can also be referred to as a legacy physical layer portion. In some embodiments, the compatible physical layer portion can also be understood as a physical layer portion applicable to a compatible device. The setting of the compatible physical layer portion can enable a device other than the second wireless device to detect the presence of the first portion through carrier sensing during CCA, so as to determine that the channel is not idle and to avoid.

[0140] In this application, the compatible device can refer to a wireless device supporting the channel access protocol described above, or a wireless device within the wireless communication system 100 described above, or a wireless device supporting the CSMA / CA mechanism, or a wireless device supporting the frequency band and modulation and coding manner specified in the 802.11 protocol, such as OFDM modulation, LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) coding, etc.

[0141] In some embodiments, the compatible physical layer portion includes at least one of a compatible physical preamble, a compatible physical header.

[0142] In some embodiments, the compatible physical layer portion includes at least one of the following fields: L-STF (Legacy Short Training Field), L-LTF (Legacy Long Training Field), L-SIG (Legacy Signal Field), BPSK-Markl, BPSK-Mark2. The BPSK-Markl, BPSK-Mark2 are used by the receiver of the first portion to identify the IEEE protocol version adopted by the first portion.

[0143] The compatible MAC header is a forward-compatible MAC header, such as a MAC header compatible with the channel access protocol described above, and such as a MAC header compatible with the wireless communication system 100 described above. Alternatively, the MAC header can also be referred to as a legacy MAC header. In some embodiments, the compatible MAC header can also be understood as a MAC header applicable to a compatible device. The setting of the compatible MAC header can enable other devices, except the second wireless device, to update the setting of the NAV according to the time domain length indicated by the compatible MAC header during CCA, thereby avoiding the occurrence of conflict and interference between the other devices and the second wireless device.

[0144] In some embodiments, the compatible MAC header includes a compatible duration field. Alternatively, the compatible duration field can also be referred to as a legacy duration field.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first portion includes a NAV-Setting Frame.

[0146] In some embodiments, the NAV set frame comprises at least one of: a trigger frame, a QoS Null frame, a QoS Data frame, a Synchronization (Sync) frame, an acknowledgement frame, a poll frame, a grant frame, a Grant Ack frame, a CTS frame, a CF-End frame, a S1G beacon frame, a SSR frame, a DMG beacon frame, a DMG CTS frame, a DMG DTS frame, a SSW frame, a SSW Feedback frame, a SSW Ack frame, a Beamforming Report Poll frame, a TACK frame, a QoS(+)CF-Poll frame, and a NDP frame.

[0147] The NAV set frame can be detected by other devices than the first wireless device and the second wireless device, and the other devices can also update the NAV based on the NAV set frame to implement backoff. Therefore, transmitting the NAV set frame can make the other devices not access the first channel before the first PPDU ends transmission, so as to avoid channel access conflict and interference problem during the transmission of the first PPDU.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is transmitted within the time domain length indicated by the compatible time length field. Therefore, it can be considered that the setting of the compatible time length field can limit the transmission timing and the transmission time length of the first PPDU.

[0149] In some embodiments, the time domain length indicated by the compatible time length field comprises the time domain length of the first PPDU.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted on a first channel, or both transmitted within a first TXOP, or both transmitted within a first SP. The first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the first channel is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, the first TXOP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, and the first SP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device.

[0151] The first portion and the first PPDU are transmitted by different senders or received by different receivers, but can be considered as a whole on the air interface, that is, the first portion and the first PPDU can be considered as a PPDU for other devices.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first portion is transmitted within a first time range.

[0153] Other related content can refer to step 320, which will not be repeated here.

[0154] Step 430: receiving or transmitting the first PPDU.

[0155] The number of first PPDUs is one or more. The number of second wireless devices is one or more.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is transmitted by the second wireless device, and in order to transmit the first PPDU at the correct time, the second wireless device can determine the transmission time of the first PPDU according to the first time interval. That is, there is a first time interval between the first frame and the first PPDU, and the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU after the first time interval after receiving the first frame.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first time interval is the time interval between the reception time of the first frame and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the transmission time of the first frame and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the reception time of the first frame and the reception time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the end time of the first frame and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0158] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is transmitted by the first wireless device, which can also determine the transmission time of the first PPDU according to the first time interval. That is, there is a first time interval between the first frame and the first PPDU, and the first PPDU is transmitted after the first time interval after the first frame is transmitted by the first wireless device.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first time interval is predetermined by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame. For example, the first time interval is X ms / μs (milliseconds / microseconds), where X is greater than 0. For example, the first time interval is an IFS, which can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS.

[0160] In some embodiments, there is no time interval between the first portion and the first PPDU. This can require the second wireless device to have the capability of precise timing.

[0161] In some embodiments, there is a second time interval between the first portion and the first PPDU. Optionally, the second time interval is predetermined by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame, or indicated by the second portion. For example, the second time interval is Y ms / μs, where Y is greater than 0. For example, the second time interval is an IFS, which can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS. Among them, SIFS is the shortest interframe space, which is used to complete the transition of the device from the receiving state to the transmitting state, and can prevent other STAs that are listening to the channel from trying to use the channel as much as possible.

[0162] In some embodiments, the second time interval is the time interval between the reception time of the first portion and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the transmission time of the first portion and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the reception time of the first portion and the reception time of the first PPDU; or the time interval between the end time of the first portion and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0163] In some embodiments, the time domain length compatible with the time length indicated by the time length field includes the sum of the time domain lengths of the first portion and the first PPDU.

[0164] In some embodiments, the time domain length compatible with the time length indicated by the time length field includes the sum of the time domain lengths of the first portion, the second time interval, and the first PPDU. For example, the time domain length compatible with the time length indicated by the time length field includes the sum of the time domain lengths of the first portion, SIFS, and the first PPDU.

[0165] Step 430 is an optional step. In some cases, the first wireless device can not perform step 430.

[0166] In summary, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel, and meets the transmission requirement of the second wireless device, by sending the first part using different physical layer technology by the first wireless device before the transmission of the first PPDU. In addition, the first wireless device can trigger the sending or receiving of the first PPDU through the first frame, and the first channel / first TXOP / first SP can be shared with the second wireless device through the first frame.

[0167] In the present application, the low-power consumption and low complexity of the second wireless device can result in low accuracy of the local timer of the second wireless device. If the first wireless device sends the first frame, the first frame can not indicate the first time interval, and even if the first frame indicates the first time interval, the second wireless device can not accurately time due to the low accuracy. If the first wireless device does not send the first frame, it is more difficult for the second wireless device to send the first PPDU at an accurate time. Therefore, the present application further provides the second part for accurately indicating whether to send the first PPDU and the sending time of the first PPDU.

[0168] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a communication method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which is performed by the first wireless device, and includes at least part of the following steps:

[0169] Step 510: sending the first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send the first PPDU.

[0170] For related content, please refer to step 410. In addition, step 510 is an optional step.

[0171] Step 520: sending the first part, the first part being associated with the first PPDU.

[0172] For related content, please refer to step 420.

[0173] Step 530: sending the second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the second wireless device sends the first PPDU and / or the sending time of the first PPDU.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second part includes the first sequence. The first sequence can be used to indicate whether the second wireless device sends the first PPDU and / or the sending time of the first PPDU.

[0175] In some embodiments, the first sequence can also be used for time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization. For example, the second wireless device performs time domain synchronization through envelope detection and frequency domain synchronization through correlation detection.

[0176] In some embodiments, the first sequence is a binary sequence. A binary sequence, as referred to in this application, is a sequence that only includes two kinds of sequence elements. It can also be understood that each bit in the binary sequence only has two possible values, such as only “1” or “0”, or only “1” or “-1”, and so on. The first sequence can be a PN (Pseudo-Noise) sequence, or a m-sequence (Maximum-Length Sequence), or a gold sequence (Gold Sequence), or a Walsh sequence (Walsh Sequence), and so on.

[0177] In some embodiments, the second portion includes an information field. The information field can be used to indicate whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU, and / or a transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0178] In some embodiments, the second portion implicitly indicates whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU.

[0179] For example, whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU can be determined by whether the second portion is received. For example, the first wireless device transmits the second portion to the second wireless device A and the second wireless device B, which means that the first wireless device indicates the second wireless device A and the second wireless device B to transmit the first PPDU. The second wireless device C does not receive the second portion, which means that the first wireless device does not indicate the second wireless device C to transmit the first PPDU.

[0180] For another example, whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU can be determined by the first sequence received. For example, the second wireless device A receives sequence 1, which means that the first wireless device indicates the second wireless device A to transmit the first PPDU. The second wireless device B receives sequence 2, which means that the first wireless device does not indicate the second wireless device B to transmit the first PPDU.

[0181] In some embodiments, the second portion explicitly indicates whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU.

[0182] For example, the second part includes a first information field, and the ID (Identifier) information carried by the first information field is used to indicate the second wireless device sending the first PPDU. For example, the second part sent by the first wireless device includes a first information field, and the first information field carries the ID information of the second wireless device A and the second wireless device C, which means that the first wireless device indicates the second wireless device A and the second wireless device C to send the first PPDU, and the first information field does not carry the ID information of the second wireless device B, which means that the first wireless device does not indicate the second wireless device B to send the first PPDU.

[0183] The ID information can include at least one of the following: Network ID (Network Identity); Access ID (Access Identity); AG ID (Access Group ID); Physical ID (Physical Identity); and hardware identity.

[0184] In some embodiments, the second part implicitly indicates the sending time of the first PPDU.

[0185] For example, the third time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part is determined, and whether the third time domain interval is used is determined by whether the second part is received. For example, the third time domain interval is determined by a communication protocol, preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame. The first wireless device sends the second part to the second wireless device A and the second wireless device B, which means that the second wireless device A and the second wireless device B are indicated to use the third time domain interval to determine the sending time of the first PPDU, that is, the second wireless device A and the second wireless device B are indicated to send the first PPDU after the third time domain interval after receiving the second part. The second wireless device C does not receive the second part, which means that the first wireless device does not indicate the sending time of the first PPDU to the second wireless device C.

[0186] For another example, different sequences represent different values of the third time domain interval, and the sending time of the first PPDU is determined by the received first sequence. For example, the second wireless device A receives sequence 1, which means that the first wireless device indicates the second wireless device A that there is a third time domain interval t0 between the sending time of the first PPDU and the receiving time of the second part. The second wireless device B receives sequence 2, which means that the first wireless device indicates the second wireless device B that there is a third time domain interval t1 between the sending time of the first PPDU and the receiving time of the second part. Wherein t0 and t1 can be implemented as IFS of different lengths.

[0187] In some embodiments, the second part explicitly indicates the sending time of the first PPDU.

[0188] For example, the second portion includes a second information field, and the time delay information carried by the second information field is used to indicate the transmission time of the first PPDU. For example, the second portion transmitted by the first wireless device includes a second information field, and the second information field indicates the time delay between the transmission time of the first PPDU and the reception time of the second portion.

[0189] In some embodiments, the third time domain interval is the time domain interval between the reception time of the second portion and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time domain interval between the transmission time of the second portion and the transmission time of the first PPDU; or the time domain interval between the reception time of the second portion and the reception time of the first PPDU; or the time domain interval between the end time of the second portion and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0190] For example, the third time domain interval is Z ms / μs, and Z is greater than 0. For example, the third time domain interval is IFS, and the IFS can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS.

[0191] In some embodiments, the first information field and the second information field can be implemented as one information field, that is, the second portion includes a third information field, and the third information field can be used to indicate whether the first PPDU occurs to the second wireless device and can be used to indicate the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first wireless device transmits the second portion immediately after transmitting the first portion, that is, there is no time domain interval between the second portion and the first portion. Alternatively, there is a fourth time domain interval between the second portion and the first portion, that is, the first wireless device transmits the second portion after the fourth time domain interval after transmitting the first portion. For example, the fourth time domain interval is P ms / μs, and P is greater than 0. For example, the fourth time domain interval is IFS, and the IFS can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS.

[0193] In some embodiments, the second portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted on the first channel, or the second portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted within the first TXOP, or the second portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted within the first SP. The first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the first channel is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, the first TXOP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, and the first SP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device.

[0194] Step 540: receiving or sending the first PPDU.

[0195] The number of the first PPDUs is one or more. The number of the second wireless devices is one or more.

[0196] In some embodiments, the second wireless device determines whether to send the first PPDU and / or a sending time of the first PPDU according to the indication of the second part.

[0197] In some embodiments, there is a third time domain interval between the second part and the first PPDU, and the second wireless device sends the first PPDU after the third time domain interval after receiving the second part.

[0198] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is sent by the first wireless device, and the first wireless device can also determine the sending time of the first PPDU according to the third time domain interval. That is, there is a third time domain interval between the second part and the first PPDU, and the first wireless device sends the first PPDU after the third time domain interval after sending the second part.

[0199] Step 540 is an optional step. In some cases, the first wireless device can not perform step 540.

[0200] In summary, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application sends the first part using different physical layer technologies by the first wireless device before the transmission of the first PPDU, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU and reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel on the transmission of the first PPDU, and meets the transmission requirements of the second wireless device. This is because the first part uses a physical layer technology different from the first PPDU, which has compatibility, so that the first part can be detected by other devices except the second wireless device, and other devices can determine that the channel is not in an idle state based on the first part, so as to avoid the channel. Moreover, the second part can accurately indicate whether to send the first PPDU and the sending time of the first PPDU, so that even if the second wireless device has low accuracy, the first PPDU can also be sent at an accurate time.

[0201] FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which is performed by a second wireless device, and the method includes at least part of the following steps:

[0202] Step 620: sending or receiving the first PPDU, the first PPDU is associated with the first part, the first part is different from the physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, and the first part is sent by the first wireless device.

[0203] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is associated with the first portion in at least one of the following aspects: the first portion is capable of protecting the transmission of the first PPDU, and the first portion is associated with the first PPDU in time domain.

[0204] In some embodiments, the first portion is associated with the first PPDU in time domain, which can be understood as that the first portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted in a same time range. For example, the first portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted in a first time range, i.e., the time domain resources used by the first portion and the first PPDU are both located in the first time range.

[0205] In some embodiments, the first portion is associated with the first PPDU in time domain, which can be understood as that there is a time interval between the first portion and the first PPDU.

[0206] In some embodiments, the first portion is associated with the first PPDU in time domain, which can be understood as that there is no time interval between the first portion and the first PPDU. That is, the first portion is transmitted immediately after the transmission of the first portion is completed.

[0207] If the first PPDU is transmitted by the second wireless device, it means that the first portion and the first PPDU are transmitted by different wireless devices.

[0208] If the first PPDU is received by the second wireless device and the first PPDU is transmitted by the first wireless device, it means that the first portion and the first PPDU are transmitted by the first wireless device, and the receiver of the first portion and the first PPDU is different.

[0209] If the first PPDU is received by the second wireless device and the second portion is transmitted by the third wireless device, it means that the transmitter and the receiver of the first portion and the first PPDU are different. The third wireless device refers to a wireless device in the communication system other than the first wireless device and the second wireless device.

[0210] The physical layer provides services for the MAC layer and higher layers in the form of a transmission channel, supports all functions required for bit stream transmission in the physical medium, and thus provides transparent bit stream transmission between two communication devices. The physical layer technology is the technology required to implement bit stream transmission.

[0211] In this application, the physical layer technology is different, including at least one of the following aspects: different modulation methods, different coding methods, different waveforms, different bandwidths, different transmission rates, different communication methods (such as simplex communication, half-duplex communication, full-duplex communication, etc.), different information transmission methods (such as serial transmission, parallel transmission), different antenna technologies, and different resource mapping methods (such as centralized resource allocation method, distributed resource allocation method).

[0212] From the perspective of frequency bands, the first PPDU can be sent in a millimeter wave frequency band (such as a frequency band of 45 GHz, 60 GHz, etc. belonging to a range of 30-300 GHz) or in a non-millimeter wave frequency band. The non-millimeter wave frequency band includes a low frequency band (such as a frequency band of 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc. belonging to a range of 1-7.25 GHz) or a new frequency band that can be planned in the future and is different from the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0213] From the perspective of waveforms, the waveform of the first PPDU can be a sine wave, or a square wave, or a triangular wave, or a pulse, or a rectangular wave, etc. The waveform of the first part can be continuous or discontinuous, that is, the first part is allowed to be interrupted within a certain time domain range.

[0214] From the perspective of encoding, the first PPDU can use one of the following encoding methods: NRZ encoding, Manchester encoding, URZ, DBP encoding, Miller encoding, and differential encoding.

[0215] From the perspective of modulation, the first PPDU can use one of the following modulation methods: ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) modulation, OOK (On-Off Keying) modulation, FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) modulation, PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulation, and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying).

[0216] In some embodiments, the first part includes part or all of a Wi-Fi frame. That is, the first part can include a complete Wi-Fi frame, or can include part of a domain of a Wi-Fi frame.

[0217] In some embodiments, the number of second wireless devices is one or more.

[0218] The first wireless device involved in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the first wireless device 210 shown in FIG. 2, and the second wireless device involved in the embodiments of the present application can refer to the second wireless device 220 shown in FIG. 2, which will not be described here.

[0219] In conclusion, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU by sending the first part using different physical layer technology before the transmission of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel, and meets the transmission requirement of the second wireless device. This is because the first part uses different physical layer technology from the first PPDU, and has compatibility, so that the first part can be detected by other devices except the second wireless device, and other devices can determine that the channel is not in idle state based on the first part, thereby avoiding the channel.

[0220] In some embodiments, step 620 can be implemented as step 720. In addition to the first part, the second wireless device can also receive the first frame, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0221] FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which is performed by a second wireless device, and includes at least part of the following steps:

[0222] Step 710: receiving a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send a first PPDU.

[0223] For related content, please refer to step 410, which will not be repeated here. In addition, step 710 is an optional step.

[0224] Step 720: receiving or sending a first PPDU.

[0225] The number of first PPDUs is one or more. The number of second wireless devices is one or more.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is sent by the second wireless device, and in order to send the first PPDU at the correct time, the second wireless device can determine the sending time of the first PPDU according to the first time domain interval. That is, there is a first time domain interval between the first frame and the first PPDU, and the second wireless device sends the first PPDU after the first time domain interval after receiving the first frame.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is sent by the first wireless device, and the first wireless device can also determine the sending time of the first PPDU according to the first time domain interval. That is, there is a first time domain interval between the first frame and the first PPDU, and the first wireless device sends the first PPDU after the first time domain interval after sending the first frame.

[0228] In some embodiments, the first time domain interval is agreed by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame. For example, the first time domain interval is X ms / μs, where X is greater than 0. For example, the first time domain interval is IFS, which can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS.

[0229] In some embodiments, the first wireless device further transmits the first portion before the second wireless device receives or transmits the first PPDU, where the first portion is associated with the first PPDU.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first portion and the first PPDU are both transmitted on the first channel, or both transmitted within the first TXOP, or both transmitted within the first SP, where the first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device. Optionally, the first channel is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, the first TXOP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device, and the first SP is shared by the first wireless device or the third wireless device to the second wireless device.

[0231] The first portion and the first PPDU, although transmitted by different transmitters or received by different receivers, can be considered as a whole on the air interface, i.e., the first portion and the first PPDU can be considered as a PPDU to other devices.

[0232] For details, please refer to steps 420, 430, and 620, which will not be repeated here.

[0233] In summary, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application transmits the first portion using different physical layer technologies by the first wireless device before the transmission of the first PPDU, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel to the transmission of the first PPDU, and meets the transmission requirements of the second wireless device. Moreover, the first wireless device is supported to trigger the transmission or reception of the first PPDU through the first frame, and the first channel / first TXOP / first SP is also supported to be shared to the second wireless device for use through the first frame.

[0234] In some embodiments, step 620 can be implemented as step 830. In addition to the first portion, the second wireless device can also receive the first frame and / or the second portion, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0235] FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a method of communicating, according to an example embodiment of the application. The method is performed by a second wireless device. The method includes at least the following steps:

[0236] Step 810: receiving a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or transmit a first PPDU.

[0237] For more information, refer to step 410 and step 710. Also, step 810 is optional.

[0238] Step 820: receiving a second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU, and / or a transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0239] In some embodiments, the second part includes a first sequence. The first sequence can be used to indicate whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU, and / or the transmission time of the first PPDU. Optionally, the first sequence can also be used for time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization.

[0240] In some embodiments, the second part includes an information field. The information field can be used to indicate whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU, and / or the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0241] In some embodiments, the second part implicitly indicates whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU.

[0242] In some embodiments, the second part explicitly indicates whether the second wireless device transmits the first PPDU.

[0243] In some embodiments, the second part implicitly indicates the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0244] In some embodiments, the second part explicitly indicates the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0245] In some embodiments, before the second wireless device receives the second part, the first wireless device also transmits a first part. For more information, refer to step 420, which is not repeated here.

[0246] In some embodiments, the first wireless device transmits the second part immediately after transmitting the first part, i.e., there is no time interval between the second part and the first part. Alternatively, there is a fourth time interval between the second part and the first part, i.e., the first wireless device transmits the second part after the fourth time interval after transmitting the first part. Exemplarily, the fourth time interval is P ms / μs, P > 0. Exemplarily, the fourth time interval is IFS, which can include one or more of SIFS, PIFS, DIFS, and EIFS.

[0247] In some embodiments, the second wireless device performs time-domain synchronization and / or frequency-domain synchronization based on the received second part.

[0248] The related content of the second part can refer to step 530, which will not be repeated here.

[0249] Step 830: receiving or sending the first PPDU.

[0250] The number of first PPDUs is one or more. The number of second wireless devices is one or more.

[0251] In some embodiments, the second wireless device determines whether to send the first PPDU and / or the sending time of the first PPDU according to the indication of the second part.

[0252] In some embodiments, there is a third time-domain interval between the second part and the first PPDU, and the second wireless device sends the first PPDU after the third time-domain interval after receiving the second part.

[0253] In some embodiments, the first PPDU is sent by the first wireless device, and the first wireless device can also determine the sending time of the first PPDU according to the third time-domain interval. That is, there is a third time-domain interval between the second part and the first PPDU, and the first wireless device sends the first PPDU after the third time-domain interval after sending the second part.

[0254] The related content can refer to steps 540, 620 and 720, which will not be repeated here.

[0255] In summary, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application sends the first part using different physical layer technologies by the first wireless device before the transmission of the first PPDU, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel on the transmission of the first PPDU, and meets the transmission requirements of the second wireless device. This is because the first part uses a physical layer technology different from the first PPDU, which has compatibility, so that the first part can be detected by other devices except the second wireless device, and other devices can determine that the channel is not in an idle state based on the first part, thereby avoiding the channel. Moreover, the second part can accurately indicate whether to send the first PPDU and the sending time of the first PPDU, so that even if the second wireless device has low accuracy, the first PPDU can be sent at the accurate time.

[0256] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, the first PPDU is sent or received by the second wireless device, and therefore the first PPDU uses a physical layer technology supported by the second wireless device.

[0257] In some embodiments, the time domain length of the first PPDU is agreed by a communication protocol, or indicated by the first frame, or pre-configured by the first wireless device.

[0258] In some embodiments, the time domain length of the first PPDU is less than or equal to a first length. The first length is agreed by a communication protocol or indicated by the first frame.

[0259] FIG. 9 shows a format of the first PPDU according to an example embodiment of the present application. The first PPDU includes at least one of the following domains: a first preamble domain, a first signaling domain, a first MAC header domain, and a first frame body domain. The first signaling domain is equivalent to a physical layer header, and is used to indicate information such as a modulation and coding scheme used in a data portion of the first PPDU. The lengths of the first preamble domain, the first signaling domain, and the first MAC header domain are relatively fixed, and thus the restriction on the time domain length of the first PPDU is mainly used to restrict the length of the first frame body domain. Optionally, the first preamble domain can be referred to as an A-Preamble, the first signaling domain can be referred to as an A-SIG, the first MAC header domain can be referred to as an A-MAC header, and the first frame body domain can be referred to as an A-Frame Body.

[0260] It can be understood that a PPDU is a PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure) sublayer protocol data unit, which is obtained by encapsulating a PSDU (Physical Layer Service Data Unit). The PSDU is a PLCP sublayer service data unit, which is obtained by encapsulating a MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit). The MPDU is obtained by encapsulating a MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit). Therefore, the length of the PPDU is associated with at least one of the following: the PSDU, the MPDU, and the MSDU. In addition, the modulation and coding scheme used by the physical layer and the bandwidth of the first channel can also affect the length of the PPDU. Therefore, the time domain length of the first PPDU can be associated with at least one of the following: the size of the MSDU, the size of the MPDU, the size of the PSDU, and the channel bandwidth.

[0261] For example, the first length is less than or equal to K μs / ms (microsecond / millisecond); the MSDU used to generate the first PPDU is less than or equal to N1 bytes; the MPDU used to generate the first PPDU is less than or equal to N2 bytes; and the PSDU used to generate the first PPDU is less than or equal to N3 bytes. N1 is less than N2, N2 is less than N3, and Y is greater than 0.

[0262] For example, the MSDU is less than or equal to 7920 bytes, or the MSDU is less than or equal to 2304 bytes. That is, N1 is 7920 or 2304.

[0263] For example, the MPDU is less than or equal to 3895 bytes, or the MPDU is less than or equal to 7991 bytes, or the MPDU is less than or equal to 11454 bytes. That is, N2 is 3895 or 7991 or 11454.

[0264] For example, the PSDU is less than or equal to 797160 bytes. That is, N3 is 797160.

[0265] For example, the first length is 27.84 ms or 5.484 ms or 10 ms or 2 ms. That is, the length of the first PPDU is less than or equal to 27.84 ms; or the length of the first PPDU is less than or equal to 5.484 ms; or the length of the first PPDU is less than or equal to 10 ms; or the length of the first PPDU is less than or equal to 2 ms.

[0266] It is emphasized that the embodiments of the present application limit the size of the first PPDU, the PSDU, the MPDU and the MSDU in order to avoid the second wireless device occupying the first channel for a long time as much as possible, thereby reducing the collision and interference of other devices accessing the first channel through CCA during the receiving or transmitting of the first PPDU by the second wireless device, rather than limiting the time domain length of the first PPDU due to whether the receiving end of the first PPDU supports it, regulatory restrictions, TXOP restrictions, whether some fields in the MAC header exist, etc.

[0267] FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application. Before transmitting the first PPDU, the first wireless device transmits a first part. The first part includes a compatible physical layer part, or includes a compatible physical layer part and a compatible MAC header (format as shown in FIG. 11).

[0268] The first wireless device triggers the second wireless device to receive or transmit the first PPDU through a first frame. The first frame can be considered as a PPDU 1 on the air interface. The first wireless device transmits the first part before the second wireless device receives or transmits the first PPDU. Since the first part and the first PPDU are transmitted by different devices, the time domain interval between them can be kept at a length of a SIFS. The SIFS is the shortest interframe space, which is used to complete the conversion of the receiving and transmitting states of the device, and can prevent other stations that are listening to the channel from trying to use the channel. Alternatively, there is no time domain interval between the first part and the first PPDU, but this requires accurate timing of the second wireless device. Optionally, the first wireless device also feeds back an ACK frame to the second wireless device.

[0269] The first PPDU is transmitted after the first portion, and the first portion and the first PPDU can be regarded as a whole on the air interface, and are regarded as PPDU 2. PPDU 1 and PPDU 2 can be detected on the air interface for other devices, and a CCA result is considered as a busy channel, so as to avoid the channel and guarantee the transmission of the first PPDU not to be interfered by other devices.

[0270] The first wireless device can trigger one second wireless device to transmit one or more first PPDUs, or can trigger multiple second wireless devices to transmit one or more first PPDUs. As shown in FIG. 12, the first wireless device sends a first frame to trigger the second wireless device 1, the second wireless device 2 and the second wireless device 3 to send first PPDUs in slot #0, slot #1 and slot #2 respectively. The first wireless device sends the first portion at the start time of each slot, so as to protect the first PPDUs sent by the second wireless devices.

[0271] Of course, the first wireless device can also send the first portion to protect multiple first PPDUs transmitted in a period of time, that is, it is not necessary to send the first portion and the first PPDU one by one, so as to save the transmission resource.

[0272] FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The first wireless device sends the first portion before transmitting the first PPDU. The first portion includes a NAV setting frame.

[0273] Taking the NAV setting frame as an example, the NDP CMAC frame only includes a physical preamble and a physical header, and does not include a data part. As shown in FIG. 14, the physical preamble includes an STF and an LTF1, and the physical header includes a SIG field. The SIG field includes at least one of the following fields: an NDP CMAC PPDU body, an NDP indication, a CRC, and a tail. The NDP CMAC PPDU body includes NDP CMAC PPDU Type information and related control information. For example, the NDP CMAC PPDU Type indicates that the NDP is a CTS frame, and the control information carried by the NDP is CTS information. The NDP frame is an NDP CTS frame, and the NDP CMAC PPDU body of the NDP CTS frame includes a duration field. Similarly, the NDP CMAC PPDU Type can also indicate that the NDP is a frame of the following types: an NDP CF-End Frame, an NDP ACK Frame, an NDP PS-Poll-Ack Frame, a VHT NDPA Frame, and the like. The duration field in the SIG field can be used to set the NAV, so as to avoid interference and conflict caused by access of other devices to the channel during transmission of the first PPDU.

[0274] Taking the NAV setting frame as an example, the NDP CMAC frame only includes a physical preamble and a physical header, and does not include a data part. As shown in FIG. 14, the physical preamble includes an STF and an LTF1, and the physical header includes a SIG field. The SIG field includes at least one of the following fields: an NDP CMAC PPDU body, an NDP indication, a CRC, and a tail. The NDP CMAC PPDU body includes NDP CMAC PPDU Type information and related control information. For example, the NDP CMAC PPDU Type indicates that the NDP is a CTS frame, and the control information carried by the NDP is CTS information. The NDP frame is an NDP CTS frame, and the NDP CMAC PPDU body of the NDP CTS frame includes a duration field. Similarly, the NDP CMAC PPDU Type can also indicate that the NDP is a frame of the following types: an NDP CF-End Frame, an NDP ACK Frame, an NDP PS-Poll-Ack Frame, a VHT NDPA Frame, and the like. The duration field in the SIG field can be used to set the NAV, so as to avoid interference and conflict caused by access of other devices to the channel during transmission of the first PPDU.

[0275] The first part and the first PPDU can be separated by a SIFS, or the first part and the first PPDU can not be separated by a time domain interval. The first part can be detected by other devices on the air interface, and the NAV can be set based on the first part to avoid the channel, so that the transmission of the first PPDU is not interfered by other devices.

[0276] Similar to FIG. 11, the first wireless device can trigger one second wireless device to transmit one or more first PPDUs, or can trigger multiple second wireless devices to transmit one or more first PPDUs. The first wireless device can transmit the second part to protect multiple first PPDUs transmitted in a period of time. The first wireless device can also transmit the second part before the transmission of each first PPDU to more flexibly and accurately protect the transmission of the first PPDU.

[0277] FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an example embodiment of the present application. Before transmitting the first PPDU, the first wireless device transmits the first part and the second part. The first part includes a NAV setting frame, or includes a compatible physical layer part, or includes a compatible physical layer part and a compatible MAC header.

[0278] The first wireless device triggers the second wireless device to receive or transmit the first PPDU through the first frame. The first frame can be considered as PPDU 1 on the air interface. Before the second wireless device receives or transmits the first PPDU, the first wireless device transmits the first part and the second part. The first part and the second part can be separated by a fourth time domain interval, or can not be separated by a time domain interval. The second part indicates the transmission time of the first PPDU, for example, the first PPDU and the second part are separated by a SIFS. Optionally, the first wireless device also feeds back an ACK frame to the second wireless device.

[0279] The first part, the second part and the first PPDU can be considered as a whole on the air interface, and can be considered as PPDU 2. For other devices, PPDU 1 and PPDU 2 can be detected on the air interface, and the CCA result is considered as the channel being busy, so that the channel is avoided, and the transmission of the first PPDU is not interfered by other devices.

[0280] Similarly, the first wireless device can trigger one second wireless device to transmit one or more first PPDUs, or can trigger multiple second wireless devices to transmit one or more first PPDUs. As shown in FIG. 17, the first wireless device sends a first frame to trigger second wireless device 1, second wireless device 2 and second wireless device 3 to send first PPDUs in slot #0, slot #1 and slot #2 respectively. The first wireless device sends the first part and the second part at the start time of each slot, so as to protect the first PPDUs sent by the respective second wireless devices, and flexibly and accurately indicate the sending time of the respective first PPDUs.

[0281] Of course, the first wireless device can also send the first part to protect multiple first PPDUs transmitted in a period of time, and indicate the sending time of the first PPDUs in the period of time, i.e. it is not necessary to send the first part, the second part and the first PPDUs one by one, so as to save transmission resources.

[0282] The first PPDUs in FIGS. 10-17 are illustratively described by taking the example of the second wireless device sending to the first wireless device. In fact, the first PPDUs shown in the figures can also be sent by the first wireless device to the second wireless device.

[0283] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3-17, the first channel / first TXOP / first SP can be occupied by the first wireless device and shared to the second wireless device, or can be occupied by a third wireless device and shared to the second wireless device. That is, the device communicating with the second wireless device on the first channel can be a wireless device sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP to the second wireless device, or can not be a wireless device sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP to the second wireless device.

[0284] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3-17, it is taken as an example to support the first wireless device sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP to the second wireless device, and the second wireless device interacting the first PPDUs with the first wireless device on the first channel / first TXOP / first SP. In fact, there is also a possibility that the first channel / first TXOP / first SP is shared by a third wireless device to the second wireless device, but the interaction of the first PPDUs occurs between the first wireless device and the second wireless device. That is, the wireless device obtaining the first channel / first TXOP / first SP through CCA is not necessarily the receiver / sender of the first PPDUs. That is, there can be a third wireless device in the communication system sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP to the second wireless device, but not directly communicating with the second wireless device. The third wireless device can be an AP or a non-AP STA or a network device or a terminal device.

[0285] For example, the third wireless device is a power supply device of the second wireless device, that is, the second wireless device can collect radio frequency energy based on the signal transmitted by the third wireless device.

[0286] For example, the third wireless device can provide a carrier for backscatter communication of the second wireless device.

[0287] For example, the third wireless device is a wireless device that shares the first channel / first TXOP / first SP for the second wireless device under the control of an AP. That is, there is an AP in the communication system that controls CCA of other wireless devices and shares the obtained first channel / first TXOP / first SP with the second wireless device. Therefore, the third wireless device can be considered as a wireless device that is dedicated to sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP with the second wireless device.

[0288] FIG. 18 shows a structural block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which can implement the first wireless device or a part of the first wireless device described above. Optionally, the apparatus can be a wireless communication apparatus / wireless device supporting WLAN / Wi-Fi protocol (such as 802.11 protocol). Optionally, the apparatus can be a wireless communication apparatus / wireless device supporting 3GPP protocol. The apparatus includes a sending module 1810. Optionally, the apparatus further includes a processing module 1830 and / or a receiving module 1850.

[0289] The sending module 1810 is configured to send a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or sent by a second wireless device.

[0290] In some embodiments, the sending module 1810 is configured to send a second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the second wireless device sends the first PPDU and / or a sending time of the first PPDU.

[0291] In some embodiments, the sending module 1810 is configured to send a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send the first PPDU.

[0292] In some embodiments, the sending module 1810 is configured to send the first PPDU.

[0293] In some embodiments, the sending module 1810 is configured to send an ACK frame.

[0294] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1850 is configured to receive the first PPDU.

[0295] In some embodiments, the sending module 1810 is configured to perform one or more of the following steps: step 320, step 410, step 420, step 430, step 510, step 520, step 530, step 540.

[0296] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1850 is configured to receive at least one of the following: the first PPDU, the ACK frame.

[0297] In some embodiments, the processing module 1830 is configured to perform processing steps related to channel access. For example, CCA, setting NAV, setting backoff counter, etc.

[0298] The above-described first part, second part, first frame, and first PPDU are also applicable to the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 18, and thus are not described again here.

[0299] In summary, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application supports sending the first part using different physical layer technologies before the transmission of the first PPDU, which guarantees the transmission quality of the first PPDU and reduces the probability of interference caused by the mis-access of other devices to the channel, thereby meeting the transmission requirements of the second wireless device. Furthermore, the apparatus supports triggering the sending or receiving of the first PPDU through the first frame and sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP with the second wireless device through the first frame. Moreover, the second part can accurately indicate whether to send the first PPDU and the sending time of the first PPDU, so that the first PPDU can be sent at the accurate time even if the second wireless device has low accuracy.

[0300] FIG. 19 shows a structural block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an example embodiment of the present application. The apparatus can be implemented as the second wireless device described above or a part of the second wireless device described above. Optionally, the apparatus can be a wireless communication apparatus / wireless device supporting WLAN / Wi-Fi protocol (such as 802.11 protocol). Optionally, the apparatus can be a wireless communication apparatus / wireless device supporting 3GPP protocol. The apparatus includes a receiving module 1910 and / or a sending module 1930. Optionally, the apparatus further includes a processing module 1950.

[0301] The receiving module 1910 is configured to send a first PPDU, where the first PPDU is associated with a first part, the first part is different from a physical layer technology used by the first PPDU, and the first part is sent by a first wireless device.

[0302] The sending module 1930 is configured to receive a first PPDU, the first PPDU being associated with a first part, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first part being sent by a first wireless device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1910 is configured to receive at least one of the following: the first frame, the second part, the first PPDU, the ACK frame.

[0304] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1910 is configured to perform one or more of the following steps: step 620, step 710, step 720, step 810, step 820, step 830.

[0305] In some embodiments, the sending module 1930 is configured to send at least one of the following: the first PPDU, the ACK frame.

[0306] In some embodiments, the sending module 1930 is configured to perform one or more of the following steps: step 620, step 720, step 830.

[0307] In some embodiments, the processing module 1950 is configured to determine whether to send at least one of the following: the first PPDU, the ACK frame.

[0308] In some embodiments, the processing module 1950 is configured to collect ambient energy.

[0309] In some embodiments, the processing module 1950 is configured to determine a sending time of the first PPDU according to an indication of the first frame.

[0310] In some embodiments, the processing module 1950 is configured to determine, according to an indication of the second part, whether to send the first PPDU and / or a sending time of the first PPDU.

[0311] The above-described related designs of the first part, the second part, the first frame, and the first PPDU are also applicable to the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 19, and thus are not described herein again.

[0312] In summary, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application supports protecting the transmission of the first PPDU by using the first part of different physical layer technology, reduces the probability of interference caused by the misaccess of other devices to the channel to the transmission of the first PPDU, and can meet the transmission requirements of the apparatus. Moreover, the apparatus supports triggering the sending or receiving of the first PPDU by the first frame, and also supports sharing the first channel / first TXOP / first SP to the second wireless device by the first frame. Furthermore, the second part can accurately indicate whether to send the first PPDU and the sending time of the first PPDU, so that the first PPDU can be sent at an accurate time even if the second wireless device has low accuracy.

[0313] It should be noted that the apparatus provided by the above embodiments is only used as an example to illustrate the division of the above functional modules when implementing the functions. In actual applications, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the communication device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the apparatus and method embodiments provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept.

[0314] FIG. 20 shows a structural schematic diagram of a communication device 2000 provided by an example embodiment of the present application, which includes at least one of a receiver 2001, a transmitter 2002, a processor 2003, a memory 2004, and a bus (not shown in the figure). The communication device 2000 is configured to perform part or all of the steps performed by the first wireless device described above. The receiver 2001 is configured to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter 2002 is configured to implement the sending function.

[0315] In some embodiments, the receiver 2001 can be configured to implement the functions and steps of the receiving module 1850 described above, and the transmitter 2002 can be configured to implement the functions and steps of the sending module 1810 described above.

[0316] Optionally, the receiver 2001 and the transmitter 2002 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip. The communication component can be referred to as a transceiver. Optionally, the receiver 2001 and the transmitter 2002 can be implemented as a wireless communication component and / or a wired communication component. Optionally, the wireless communication component includes a wireless communication chip and / or a radio frequency antenna. Optionally, the wired communication component includes a wired communication chip and / or a wired interface.

[0317] The processor 2003 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 2003 performs various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. In some embodiments, the processor 2003 can be configured to implement the functions and steps of the processing module 1830 described above. The memory 2004 can be configured to store computer programs executed by the processor 2003. The processor 2003 is configured to execute the computer programs to implement each step in the method embodiments described above.

[0318] In some embodiments, the memory 2004 can be connected to the processor 2003, the receiver 2001, and the transmitter 2002.

[0319] In addition, the memory 2004 can be implemented by any type of volatile or nonvolatile storage devices or a combination thereof, including but not limited to a magnetic disk or a optical disk, an EEPROM (Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory).

[0320] In some embodiments, the receiver 2001 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 2003 controls the receiver 2001 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2003 requests the receiver 2001 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2003 cooperates with the receiver 2001 to receive signals / data.

[0321] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2002 transmits signals / data independently, or the processor 2003 controls the transmitter 2002 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2003 requests the transmitter 2002 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2003 cooperates with the transmitter 2002 to transmit signals / data.

[0322] For details not specifically described in the present embodiments, reference can be made to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0323] FIG. 21 shows a structural schematic diagram of a communication device 2100 according to an example embodiment of the present application, which includes at least one of a receiver 2110, a transmitter 2120, a processor 2130, a memory 2140, and a bus (not shown in the figure). The communication device 2100 can be used to perform some or all of the steps performed by the second wireless device described above. The receiver 2110 is configured to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter 2120 is configured to implement a transmitting function.

[0324] In some embodiments, the receiver 2110 and the transmitter 2120 can be implemented as one communication component, which can be a communication chip, and the communication component can be referred to as a transceiver. For example, the receiver 2110 and the transmitter 2120 are implemented as one wireless communication component. Optionally, the wireless communication component includes a wireless communication chip and / or a radio frequency antenna (not shown in the figure).

[0325] In some embodiments, the receiver 2110 can be configured to implement the functions and procedures of the receiving module 1910 described above. Optionally, the receiver 2110 can be implemented as a first receiver 2113 and a second receiver 2115. Optionally, the first receiver 2113 and the second receiver 2115 are two independent receivers, i.e., the receiver 2110 includes two independent first receiver 2113 and second receiver 2115. Optionally, the receiver 2110 is implemented as a combination of the first receiver 2113 and the second receiver 2115.

[0326] In some embodiments, the first receiver 2113 is implemented as a WUR (Wake-up Receiver), which can also be referred to as a LP-WUR (Low Power WUR), a ULP-WUR (Ultra Low Power WUR), a low power receiver, an ultra low power receiver, a zero power receiver, a secondary receiver, etc.

[0327] In some embodiments, the second receiver 2115 is implemented as a primary receiver or a legacy receiver.

[0328] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2120 can be configured to implement the functions and procedures of the transmitting module 1930 described above. Optionally, the transmitter 2120 can be implemented as a first transmitter 2123 and / or a second transmitter 2125. Optionally, the first transmitter 2123 and the second transmitter 2125 are two independent transmitters, i.e., the transmitter 2120 includes two independent first transmitter 2123 and second transmitter 2125. Optionally, the transmitter 2120 is implemented as a combination of the first transmitter 2123 and the second transmitter 2125.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first transmitter 2123 is implemented as a backscatter transmitter, and the second transmitter 2125 is implemented as a primary transmitter.

[0330] In some embodiments, the processor 2130 and the receiver 2110 can be implemented as one module, or the processor 2130 can be implemented as a part of the receiver 2110.

[0331] The processor 2130 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 2130 performs various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. In some embodiments, the processor 2130 can be configured to implement the functions and procedures of the processing module 1950 described above.

[0332] The memory 2140 can be used to store a computer program executed by the processor 2130 for performing the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0333] In some embodiments, the memory 2140 can be connected with the processor 2130, and the receiver 2110 and the transmitter 2120. In addition, the memory 2140 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage devices or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: magnetic or optical disk, EEPROM, EPROM, SRAM, ROM, magnetic memory, flash memory, PROM.

[0334] In some embodiments, the receiver 2110 independently receives signals / data, or the processor 2130 controls the receiver 2110 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2130 requests the receiver 2110 to receive signals / data, or the processor 2130 cooperates with the receiver 2110 to receive signals / data.

[0335] In some embodiments, the transmitter 2120 independently transmits signals / data, or the processor 2130 controls the transmitter 2120 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2130 requests the transmitter 2120 to transmit signals / data, or the processor 2130 cooperates with the transmitter 2120 to transmit signals / data.

[0336] For details not described in the present embodiment, refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0337] In an example embodiment of the present application, a chip is also provided, which includes programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running on a communication device, is used to implement the communication method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0338] In some embodiments, the chip includes a sending module 1810. Optionally, the chip further includes a processing module 1830 and / or a receiving module 1850. For related content, refer to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.

[0339] In some embodiments, the chip includes a receiving module 1910 and / or a sending module 1930. Optionally, the chip further includes a processing module 1950. For related content, refer to the foregoing description, which will not be repeated here.

[0340] In an example embodiment of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, which stores at least one program, and the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the communication method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0341] In an example embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor acquires the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions to implement the communication method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0342] In an example embodiment of the present application, a computer program is also provided, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium, and a processor acquires the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions to implement the communication method provided by each of the above method embodiments.

[0343] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, or by a program instructing related hardware to complete, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0344] The above is only an optional embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is performed by a first wireless device, and the method comprises: sending a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or sent by a second wireless device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, There is no time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part, or there is a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part is agreed by a communication protocol, or indicated by a second part.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending a second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the second wireless device sends the first PPDU, and / or a sending time of the first PPDU.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The second part comprises a first sequence.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first sequence is further used for time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The second part comprises a first information field and / or a second information field, the first information field being used to indicate identification ID information of the second wireless device, and the second information field being used to indicate a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, The second part comprises a third information field, the third information field being used to indicate identification ID information of the second wireless device, and a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first part comprises at least one of a compatible physical layer part and a compatible MAC header.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The compatible physical layer part comprises at least one of a short training field L-STF, a long training field L-LTF, a signaling field L-SIG, a binary phase shift keying BPSK-Mark1, and a BPSK-Mark2.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The compatible MAC header comprises a compatible time length field.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first part comprises a network allocation vector NAV setting frame.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send the first PPDU.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, A time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first frame is agreed by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The first frame comprises at least one of a trigger frame, a polling frame, an authorization frame, an inquiry frame, and a paging frame.

16. The method of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The first part and the first PPDU are both sent using a first channel, or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first transmission opportunity TXOP, or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first service period SP; wherein the first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or a third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device.

17. The method of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The number of the first PPDUs is one or more.

18. The method of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein, The number of the second wireless devices is one or more.

19. The method of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein, The second wireless device comprises at least one of an ambient energy Internet of Things A-IoT device, a zero-power consumption device, an ultra-low-power consumption device, a low-power consumption device, and a passive Internet of Things device.

20. The method of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving the first PPDU sent by the second wireless device, or sending the first PPDU to the second wireless device.

21. A method of communication, comprising: The method is performed by a second wireless device, and the method comprises: sending or receiving a first PPDU, the first PPDU being associated with a first part, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first part being sent by a first wireless device.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, There is no time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part, or there is a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part is agreed by a communication protocol, or indicated by a second part.

24. The method of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the first PPDU is sent by the second wireless device, and / or a sending time of the first PPDU.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein, The second part comprises a first sequence.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The first sequence is further used for time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein, The second part comprises a first information field and / or a second information field, the first information field being used to indicate identification ID information of the second wireless device, and the second information field being used to indicate a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein, The second part comprises a third information field, the third information field being used to indicate identification ID information of the second wireless device, and a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

29. The method of any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein, The first part comprises at least one of a compatible physical layer part and a compatible MAC header.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein, The compatible physical layer part comprises at least one of a short training field L-STF, a long training field L-LTF, a signaling field L-SIG, a binary phase shift keying BPSK-Mark1, and a BPSK-Mark2.

31. The method of claim 29 or 30, wherein, The compatible MAC header comprises a compatible time length field.

32. The method of any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein, The first part comprises a network allocation vector NAV setting frame.

33. The method of any one of claims 21 to 32, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send the first PPDU.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein, A time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first frame is agreed by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame.

35. The method of claim 33 or 34, wherein, The first frame comprises at least one of a trigger frame, a polling frame, a grant frame, a query frame, and a paging frame.

36. The method of any one of claims 21 to 35, wherein, The first part and the first PPDU are both sent using a first channel, or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first transmission opportunity TXOP, or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first service period SP; wherein the first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or a third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device.

37. The method of any one of claims 21 to 36, wherein, The number of the first PPDUs is one or more.

38. The method of any one of claims 21 to 37, wherein, The number of the second wireless devices is one or more.

39. The method of any one of claims 21 to 38, wherein, The second wireless device comprises at least one of the following: an ambient energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, a zero-power device, an ultra-low-power device, a low-power device, a passive Internet of Things device.

40. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises: The sending module is configured to send a first part, the first part being associated with a first PPDU, the first part being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first PPDU being received or sent by a second wireless device.

41. The device of claim 40, wherein, There is no time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part, or there is a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part.

42. The device of claim 41, wherein, The time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first part is agreed by a communication protocol or indicated by a second part.

43. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 42, wherein, The sending module is further configured to send a second part, the second part being used to indicate whether the second wireless device sends the first PPDU and / or a sending time of the first PPDU.

44. The device of claim 43, wherein, The second part comprises a first sequence.

45. The device of claim 44, wherein, The first sequence is further used for time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization.

46. The device of claim 45, wherein, The second part comprises a first information field and / or a second information field, the first information field being used to indicate identification (ID) information of the second wireless device, and the second information field being used to indicate a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

47. The device of claim 45, wherein, The second part comprises a third information field, the third information field being used to indicate ID information of the second wireless device and a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second part.

48. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 47, wherein, The first part comprises at least one of the following: a compatible physical layer part and a compatible MAC header.

49. The device of claim 48, wherein, The compatible physical layer part comprises at least one of the following fields: a short training field (L-STF), a long training field (L-LTF), a signaling field (L-SIG), a binary phase shift keying (BPSK)-Mark 1, and a BPSK-Mark 2.

50. The device of claim 48 or 49, wherein, The compatible MAC header comprises a compatible time length field.

51. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 47, wherein, The first part comprises a network allocation vector (NAV) setting frame.

52. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 51, wherein, The sending module is further configured to send a first frame, the first frame being used to trigger the second wireless device to receive or send the first PPDU.

53. The device of claim 52, wherein, A time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first frame is agreed by a communication protocol, preconfigured by the apparatus, or indicated by the first frame.

54. The device of claim 52 or 53, wherein, The first frame comprises at least one of the following: a trigger frame, a polling frame, a grant frame, a query frame, and a paging frame.

55. The device of any one of claims 40 to 54, wherein, The first part and the first PPDU are both sent using a first channel, or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first transmission opportunity (TXOP), or the first part and the first PPDU are both sent within a first service period (SP); wherein the first channel is obtained by the apparatus or a third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the apparatus or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the apparatus or the third wireless device.

56. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 55, wherein, The number of the first PPDUs is one or more.

57. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 56, wherein, The number of the second wireless devices is one or more.

58. The apparatus of any one of claims 40 to 57, wherein, The second wireless device comprises at least one of the following: an ambient energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, a zero-power device, an ultra-low-power device, a low-power device, a passive Internet of Things device.

59. The apparatus of any one of claims 40-58, wherein, The apparatus further comprises a receiving module configured to receive the first PPDU transmitted by the second wireless device. The transmitting module is further configured to transmit the first PPDU to the second wireless device.

60. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises: a transmitting module configured to transmit a first PPDU, or a receiving module configured to receive the first PPDU, the first PPDU being associated with a first portion, the first portion being different from a physical layer technology adopted by the first PPDU, the first portion being transmitted by a first wireless device.

61. The device of claim 60, wherein, There is no time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first portion, or there is a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first portion.

62. The device of claim 61, wherein, The time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first portion is agreed by a communication protocol, or indicated by a second portion.

63. The apparatus of any one of claims 60 to 62, wherein, The apparatus further comprises: a second portion configured to indicate whether the apparatus transmits the first PPDU, and / or a transmission time of the first PPDU.

64. The device of claim 63, wherein, The second portion comprises a first sequence.

65. The device of claim 64, wherein, The first sequence is further configured to perform time domain synchronization and / or frequency domain synchronization.

66. The device of claim 63, wherein, The second portion comprises a first information field and / or a second information field, the first information field being configured to indicate identification (ID) information of the apparatus, and the second information field being configured to indicate a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second portion.

67. The device of claim 66, wherein, The second portion comprises a third information field, the third information field being configured to indicate ID information of the apparatus and a time domain interval between the first PPDU and the second portion.

68. The device of any one of claims 60 to 67, wherein, The first portion comprises at least one of the following: a compatible physical layer portion, a compatible MAC header.

69. The device of claim 68, wherein, The compatible physical layer portion comprises at least one of the following fields: a short training field (L-STF), a long training field (L-LTF), a signaling field (L-SIG), a binary phase shift keying (BPSK)-Mark 1, and a BPSK-Mark 2.

70. The device of claim 68 or 69, wherein, The compatible MAC header comprises a compatible time length field.

71. The apparatus of any one of claims 60 to 67, wherein, The first portion comprises a network allocation vector (NAV) setting frame.

72. The device of any one of claims 60 to 71, wherein, The receiving module is further configured to receive a first frame, the first frame being configured to trigger the apparatus to receive or transmit the first PPDU.

73. The device of claim 72, wherein, The time domain interval between the first PPDU and the first frame is agreed by a communication protocol, or preconfigured by the first wireless device, or indicated by the first frame.

74. The device of claim 72 or 73, wherein, The first frame comprises at least one of the following: a trigger frame, a polling frame, a grant frame, a query frame, and a paging frame.

75. The device of any one of claims 60 to 74, wherein, The first part and the first PPDU are both transmitted using a first channel, or the first part and the first PPDU are both transmitted within a first transmission opportunity (TXOP), or the first part and the first PPDU are both transmitted within a first service period (SP); wherein the first channel is obtained by the first wireless device or a third wireless device, the first TXOP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device, and the first SP is obtained by the first wireless device or the third wireless device.

76. The device of any one of claims 60 to 75, wherein, The number of the first PPDUs is one or more.

77. The device of any one of claims 60 to 76, wherein, The number of the apparatuses is one or more.

78. The device of any one of claims 60 to 77, wherein, The apparatus includes at least one of the following devices: an ambient energy Internet of Things (A-IoT) device, a zero-power device, an ultra-low-power device, a low-power device, and a passive Internet of Things device.

79. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes a processor, a transceiver connected to the processor, and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the communication device is configured to execute the executable instructions to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

80. A communications device, comprising: The communication device includes a transceiver; and the communication device is configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 21 to 39.

81. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program, and the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, or the communication method according to any one of claims 21 to 39.

82. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and a processor obtains the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and executes the computer instructions to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, or the communication method according to any one of claims 21 to 39.

83. A chip, comprising: The chip includes programmable logic circuitry and / or at least one program, and the chip is configured to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, or the communication method according to any one of claims 21 to 39, based on the programmable logic circuitry and / or the at least one program.

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