Method for determining quality of service (QOS) parameter and communication apparatus

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communications. Provided are a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter and a communication apparatus. The method comprises: a fourth network element can receive a first message from a first network element, the first message being used for requesting recommending at least one QoS parameter in a first time period; and, on the basis of the network state in the first time period, the fourth network element can determine parameter information respectively corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, and thus sends a second message to the first network element, the second message comprising the parameter information respectively corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter. In this way, provided is a mechanism for recommending the QoS parameter, and the network state is are also taken into account when the parameter is recommended, such that the recommended QoS parameter more conforms to an actual use condition.

Description

Method for determining quality of service (QoS) parameter and communication apparatus

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410628404.9, filed on May 20, 2024, entitled "Method for determining quality of service (QoS) parameter and communication apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method for determining quality of service (QoS) parameter and a communication apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] A network data analytics function (NWDAF) can collect corresponding data from a network, process and analyze the data, obtain statistical or predicted analysis results, and provide the analysis results to a network function service consumer. In addition, the NWDAF can also recommend information of quality of service (QoS / QOS) parameters. However, there is currently no corresponding solution for how the NWDAF recommends the information of QoS parameters. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining quality of service (QoS) parameter and a communication apparatus, which are used to provide a mechanism for recommending information of QoS parameters.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining quality of service (QoS) parameter. The method can be applied to a fourth network element side. The fourth network element can also be referred to as a service provider or a data provider. The fourth network element can be a device, a module in the device, or a logical concept, for example, a software module, or a network function corresponding to a service provided by the network element. The network function can be understood as a virtualized function under virtualization implementation, and can also be understood as a network function providing a service under service-based network, etc. The module in the device, for example, a communication module in the device, is responsible for the circuit or chip of the communication function, such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system on chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip containing a modem core, etc. The fourth network element can be, for example, a NWDAF.

[0007] The method comprises: receiving a first message from a first network element, the first message being used to request recommendation of at least one QoS parameter in a first time period; and sending a second message to the first network element, the second message comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively being determined based on a first network state, the first network state being a network state in the first time period.

[0008] The network state can represent a state of a network in the first time period, the network comprising the first network element and a fourth network element, or the network being a network in which the first network element and the fourth network element are located. The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is used to determine a value corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0009] In the embodiments of the present application, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively based on the first network state, thereby providing a mechanism for determining information of a QoS parameter (such as parameter information of a QoS parameter). In addition, the first time period is a time period in which the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is used, that is, the fourth network element determines or recommends the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively in the first time period based on the first network state in the first time period, so that the determined parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is more in line with an actual network state, and the possibility of achieving a service target by using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively by other network elements (such as the first network element) is greater, that is, the reference value and accuracy of the determined parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively are higher.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the first message comprises information used to indicate a request for recommendation of a QoS parameter, and information used to request recommendation of the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period.

[0011] In this way, the fourth network element can intuitively and quickly determine that the first message is used to request recommendation of the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period based on the information in the first message.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first message comprises information used to indicate the first network state.

[0013] In this way, the fourth network element can determine that the first message is used to request recommendation of the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period based on the information in the first message.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the second message comprises N groups of parameter information, each group of parameter information comprising the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, N being a positive integer.

[0015] Thus, the fourth network element can provide the first network element with multiple sets of parameter information, so that the first network element can flexibly select parameter information from the multiple sets of parameter information, that is, the flexibility of the first network element in selecting parameter information is improved.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the second message further includes information about priorities of the N sets of parameter information respectively.

[0017] The priorities of the N sets of parameter information respectively represent priorities of recommending the first network element to use the N sets of parameter information, but whether the first network element actually selects and uses parameter information according to the priorities is not limited.

[0018] Thus, while providing the first network element with more optional parameter information, the fourth network element can also provide the first network element with the priorities of the N sets of parameter information respectively, so that the first network element can select parameter information with higher priorities as much as possible, to better ensure the implementation of the service.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first message includes M sets of candidate parameter information, any one of the M sets of parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter, and M is a positive integer; and the second message includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, including that the second message includes target parameter information, and the target parameter information is at least one of the M sets of parameter information.

[0020] Thus, the parameter information of the QoS parameter determined or recommended by the fourth network element for the first network element all belongs to the M sets of candidate parameter information, so that the determined or recommended QoS parameter is more in line with the needs of the first network element.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the first message further includes information for indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target is a first target expected to be achieved after the first network element uses parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter is determined based on the first optimization target and a first network state.

[0022] Thus, when determining the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, the fourth network element also considers the first optimization target, so that the determined parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter is more matched with the first optimization target, and thus, when using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, the first optimization target is more likely to be achieved.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the first message further includes information indicating a first priority of the first optimization target corresponding to the first network state, information indicating the second optimization target, information indicating the second network state, and information indicating a second priority of the second optimization target corresponding to the second network state, the first priority being lower than the second priority, the second network state being a network state in a first time period, and the second optimization target being a second target expected to be achieved by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively after the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined not to satisfy the second optimization target and the second network state; and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state after the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined not to satisfy the second optimization target and the second network state.

[0024] In this way, the fourth network element can try to determine the parameter information of the QoS parameter based on the combinations of the network states and the optimization targets in the order from high to low priority, thereby improving the success rate of the fourth network element in determining the parameter information of the QoS parameter. In addition, the fourth network element tries to determine the parameter information of the QoS parameter based on the network states and the optimization targets with high priority first, which makes the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively determined finally more in line with the requirements of the first network element.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a third message to the second network element, the third message being used to request the second network element to store the recommended information, the recommended information including the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively and information indicating the first network state; and receiving a fourth message from the second network element, the fourth message including information indicating a storage identifier corresponding to the recommended information.

[0026] In this way, the fourth network element can subsequently obtain the recommended information from the second network element without determining the recommended information again, thereby reducing the processing amount of the fourth network element. In addition, the fourth network element does not need to determine the recommended information again, which makes it possible to obtain the recommended information more timely.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving a fifth message from a third network element, the fifth message being used to request to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a second time period, the fifth message including information indicating the first network state; and sending a sixth message to the third network element, the sixth message including information of the second network element and the storage identifier. Optionally, the content of the fifth message can also refer to the content of the first message.

[0028] In this way, the fourth network element does not need to determine the recommended information again, thereby relatively reducing the processing amount of the fourth network element. In addition, the third network element can obtain the parameter information of the QoS parameter requested to be recommended from the second network element, thereby improving the efficiency of the third network element in obtaining the parameter information of the QoS parameter.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the recommendation information further includes: information used for indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be reached by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period respectively; and / or priority information corresponding to N groups of parameter information, where each group of parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period respectively, and N is a positive integer.

[0030] In this way, the third network element can determine the first optimization target, and the third network element can be provided with the N groups of parameter information and the priority of the N groups of parameter information, so that the third network element can flexibly select parameter information.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter. The method can be applied to a first network element side. The first network element can also be referred to as a service consumer or a data consumer. The first network element can be a device, a module in the device, or a logical concept, for example, a software module, or a network function corresponding to a service provided by the network element. The network function can be understood as a virtualized function under virtualization implementation, and can also be understood as a network function providing a service under a service-oriented network. The module in the device is, for example, a communication module in the device, a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function, a chip such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or a system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core, and the like. The first network element is, for example, a network exposure function (NEF), an application function (AF), a policy control function (PCF), or the like. The method includes: sending a first message, the first message being used for requesting to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period; and receiving a second message, the second message including parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively being determined based on a first network state, and the first network state being a network state in the first time period.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the first message includes information used for indicating a request for recommending a QoS parameter, and information used for requesting to recommend the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the first message includes information used for indicating the first network state.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the second message includes N groups of parameter information, where each group of the parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, and N is a positive integer.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the second message further includes information of priorities corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the first message includes M groups of candidate parameter information, any one of the M groups of parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter respectively, and M is a positive integer; and the second message includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, including: the second message includes target parameter information, and the target parameter information is at least one of the M groups of parameter information.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the first message further includes information used for indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target is a first target expected to be achieved after the first network element uses the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively; and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the first message further includes information used for indicating a first priority corresponding to the first optimization target and the first network state, information used for indicating a second optimization target, information used for indicating a second network state, and information used for indicating a second priority corresponding to the second optimization target and the second network state, the first priority is lower than the second priority, the second network state is a network state in a first time period, the second optimization target is a second target expected to be achieved after the first network element uses the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively; and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state after it is determined that there is no parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively that meets the second optimization target and the second network state.

[0039] In a third aspect, a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter is provided. The method can be applied to a second network element side. The second network element can be a device, a module in the device, or a logical concept, e.g., a software module, or a network function corresponding to a service provided by the network element, which can be understood as a virtualized function under virtualization, or a network function providing a service under service-based networking, etc. The module in the device can be, for example, a communication module in the device, a circuit or a chip responsible for a communication function, e.g., a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a SoC chip or a SIP chip containing a modem core, etc. The second network element can be, for example, an analytics data repository function (ADRF). The method comprises: receiving a third message, the third message being used to request storage of recommended information, the recommended information comprising parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter and information used to indicate a first network state, and sending a fourth message, the fourth message comprising information used to indicate a recommended identifier corresponding to the recommended information. The first network state and the content of the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter can refer to the content of the first network state and the content of the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter discussed in the first aspect above, which will not be listed here.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the method further comprises: receiving a seventh message, the seventh message comprising information used to indicate the recommended identifier, and sending an eighth message, the eighth message comprising the recommended information.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the recommended information further comprises: information used to indicate a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be achieved by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, and / or priority information corresponding to N groups of parameter information, wherein each group of parameter information comprises the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period, and N is a positive integer.

[0042] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the fourth network element in the first aspect, or a module (for example, a chip system) configured in the fourth network element, etc. The communication apparatus includes means or modules for performing the corresponding steps of the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module), and a communication unit (sometimes also referred to as a communication module). The communication unit is configured to perform transceiving operations, such as functions related to sending and receiving; the communication unit can be referred to as a transceiver; optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. The processing unit is configured to perform processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit can be a transmitter (or a transmitter) and a receiver (or a receiver). Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module).

[0043] For example, the communication unit is configured to receive the first message from the first network element, and send the second message to the first network element. The content of the first message and the second message can be referred to the content of the first message and the second message discussed in the first aspect, respectively.

[0044] The communication apparatus can also implement the content of any possible implementation of the first aspect, which is not listed here.

[0045] In a possible design, the communication apparatus is a communication chip, the processing unit can be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit can be an input / output circuit or an input / output interface of the communication chip, etc.

[0046] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the first network element in the second aspect, or a module (for example, a chip system) configured in the first network element, etc. The communication apparatus includes means or modules for performing the corresponding steps of the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module), and a communication unit (sometimes also referred to as a communication module). The communication unit is configured to perform transceiving operations, such as functions related to sending and receiving; the communication unit can be referred to as a transceiver; optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. The processing unit is configured to perform processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit can be a transmitter (or a transmitter) and a receiver (or a receiver). Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module).

[0047] For example, the communication unit is configured to send the first message, and receive the second message. The content of the first message and the second message can be referred to the content of the first message and the second message discussed in the second aspect, respectively.

[0048] The communication apparatus can also implement the content of any possible implementation of the second aspect, which is not listed here.

[0049] In a possible design, the communication apparatus is a communication chip, the processing unit can be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit can be an input / output circuit or an input / output interface of the communication chip, etc.

[0050] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus can be the second network element in the third aspect, or a module (for example, a chip system) configured in the second network element. The communication apparatus comprises a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a communication unit (sometimes also referred to as a communication module). The communication unit is configured to perform a transceiving operation, such as functions related to sending and receiving. The communication unit can also be referred to as a transceiving unit. Optionally, the communication unit comprises a receiving unit and a sending unit. The processing unit is configured to perform a processing operation. Alternatively, the communication unit can be a transmitter (or a transmitter) and a receiver (or a receiver). Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module).

[0051] For example, the communication unit is configured to receive the third message and send the fourth message. The content of the third message and the fourth message can be referred to the content of the third message and the fourth message discussed in the third aspect.

[0052] The communication apparatus can also implement the content of any possible implementation of the third aspect, which is not listed here.

[0053] In a possible design, the communication apparatus is a communication chip, the processing unit can be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit can be an input / output circuit or an input / output interface of the communication chip, etc.

[0054] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus comprises one or more processors. The one or more processors can execute a computer program or instructions in a memory, when the computer program or instructions are executed, the communication apparatus implements the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0055] Optionally, the communication apparatus can comprise a memory, in this case, the memory can be coupled with the one or more processors, or the memory is relatively independent of the one or more processors. Alternatively, the memory is relatively independent of the communication apparatus.

[0056] In a possible design, the communication apparatus can further include an interface circuit, and the processor can be configured to communicate with other apparatuses or components via the interface circuit.

[0057] The communication apparatus can be a terminal device, a communication module in a terminal device, or a chip responsible for communication function in a terminal device, such as a Modem chip (also referred to as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip including a modem module. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an access network device or a module in an access network device.

[0058] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus includes a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is configured to receive a signal from another communication apparatus outside the communication apparatus and transmit the signal to the processor, or send a signal from the processor to another communication apparatus outside the communication apparatus. The processor is configured to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect, by means of a logic circuit or by executing code instructions. The number of processors can be one or more, and the present application does not make any limitation in this regard.

[0059] In a specific implementation process, the communication apparatus can be a chip, and the processor can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, and the like. The present application does not make any limitation on the specific implementation of the processor.

[0060] In an implementation, the communication apparatus can be a wireless communication device, i.e., a computer device supporting wireless communication function. Specifically, the wireless communication device can be a terminal device such as a smart phone, or a network device such as a wireless access network device (e.g., a base station).

[0061] In yet another implementation form, the communication device can be part of an integrated circuit product, such as a system on chip or a communication chip. The system on chip can also be referred to as SoC or SoC chip. The communication chip can comprise a baseband processing chip and a radio frequency processing chip. The baseband processing chip is sometimes also referred to as modem or baseband chip. The radio frequency processing chip is sometimes also referred to as radio frequency transceiver or radio frequency chip. In physical implementation, part of the chips or all of the chips in the communication chip can be integrated inside the SoC chip. For example, the baseband processing chip is integrated in the SoC chip, and the radio frequency processing chip is not integrated with the SoC chip. The interface circuitry can be a radio frequency processing chip in the wireless communication device, and the processor can be a baseband processing chip in the wireless communication device. The interface circuitry can be an input / output interface, an interface circuitry, an output circuitry, an input circuitry, a pin or related circuitry on the chip or chip system. The processor can also be embodied as processing circuitry or logic circuitry.

[0062] In yet another implementation form, the communication device can be a chip system, which can be composed of chips or contain chips and other discrete devices. The chip system can comprise, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a CPU, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a micro controller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0063] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system. The communication system is configured to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0064] For example, the communication device comprises any of the communication devices in the third aspect and any possible implementation of the third aspect, and any of the communication devices in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.

[0065] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system. The chip system comprises a processor. Optionally, the chip system can further comprise an interface (e.g., a communication interface). The processor can be configured to implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect. Optionally, the chip system further comprises a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instructions). The processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program from the memory, so that a device installed with the chip system performs the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect. The chip system can be implemented with reference to the foregoing content related to the chip system, which will not be listed here.

[0066] In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, implement the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0067] In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a program product. When the program product is executed, a processor is caused to perform the method in the first aspect, any possible implementation of the first aspect, the method in the second aspect, any possible implementation of the second aspect, the method in the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the third aspect. The program product, for example, a computer program product, specifically includes a computer program and / or instructions, etc. The processor, for example, is installed in a computer.

[0068] The beneficial effects of any of the technical solutions in the second aspect to the twelfth aspect can be discussed with reference to the beneficial effects of the corresponding technical solutions in the first aspect, which will not be listed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a QoS parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIGS. 4 to 7 are schematic diagrams of parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter according to embodiments of the present application, respectively;

[0073] FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams of three methods for determining QoS parameters according to embodiments of the present application;

[0074] FIG. 11 to FIG. 13 are schematic diagrams of three communication apparatuses according to embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, some terms used in the embodiments of the present application will be explained.

[0076] 1. QoS, QoS parameter, and parameter information of QoS parameter

[0077] QoS is used to provide end-to-end quality of service guarantee for services. For example, voice, video, and important data can be preferentially served by being configured with QoS. Parameters used to control QoS flow are QoS parameters. The QoS parameters can include at least one of the following (1) to (10).

[0078] (1) Identifier of QoS, such as fifth generation QoS identifier (5QI). th

[0079] (2) Allocation / retention priority (ARP), which refers to information about priority, preemption capability, and preemption vulnerability.

[0080] (3) Bitrate (or throughput), such as at least one of uplink-maximum bitrate (UL-maximum bitrate), downlink-maximum bitrate (DL-maximum bitrate), UL-guaranteed bitrate, or DL-guaranteed bitrate.

[0081] (4) Packet loss rate, such as uplink maximum packet loss rate and / or downlink maximum packet loss rate.

[0082] (5) Resource type, such as guaranteed bit rate (GBR) and / or Non-GBR. ​

[0083] (6) priority level, indicating the priority of scheduling resources among QoS flows.

[0084] (7) latency, including packet delay budget (PDB) for example. PDB indicates an upper limit of the possible delay time defined between a terminal device and a N6 termination point of a user plane function (UPF).

[0085] (8) packet error rate (PER), indicating an upper limit of the ratio of packet data units (PDUs) (such as internet protocol address packets) that are processed by a sender of a link layer protocol but not successfully delivered to an upper layer by a corresponding receiver. The link layer protocol is, for example, a radio link control (RLC) layer in a radio access network (RAN). The upper layer is, for example, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) in the RAN.

[0086] (9) averaging window, indicating the duration of calculating guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR) and maximum flow bit rate (MFBR) (e.g. in a (R)AN, a UPF or a terminal device).

[0087] (10) maximum data burst volume, indicating the maximum amount of data that needs to be served within a PDB period.

[0088] The parameter information of a QoS parameter is used to determine the value of the QoS parameter. For example, the parameter information of a QoS parameter includes the value of the QoS parameter, or the parameter information of a QoS parameter includes an index (also referred to as an identifier or a serial number) of the value of the QoS parameter, which is used to indicate the value of the QoS parameter.

[0089] 2、network status

[0090] The network state can also be referred to as a network condition, a network performance, etc. The network state represents a state of a network in a certain time period (or time window). The network can be a public land mobile network (PLMN), or can be a network in a limited range, e.g., a network can be a network corresponding to a specific area, or a network can be a network corresponding to a specific slice (also referred to as a network slice). The certain time period can be a current time period, or can be a future time period. The future time period can be, for example, a time period in which at least one time point is later than a current time point, for example, a start time point of the time period is the current time point, or a start time point of the time period is a next time point of the current time point, etc. The network state has uncertainty, for example, the network state in a certain future time period can be uncertain, and thus there can be multiple network states in a certain time period.

[0091] For example, the network state in the first time period can be a first network state, a second network state, etc., which is not limited herein. The first time period can be a future time period. The first network state and the second network state can be the same or different, which is not limited herein.

[0092] The network state can include, for example, congestion level information of the network, and the congestion level can be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The network state can also include, for example, that a guaranteed flow bit rate (GFBR) can no longer be guaranteed. The GFBR can no longer be guaranteed means that the GFBR cannot be guaranteed.

[0093] 3. Optimization goal(s)

[0094] The optimization goal can also be referred to as a performance goal, a quality of experience (QOE), etc. The optimization goal represents a target (e.g., a business target) to be achieved. The optimization goal can be used to represent a service experience, for example, the optimization goal includes a mean opinion score (MOS) of user experience perception.

[0095] The optimization goal corresponding to a certain time period can be one or more, and the number thereof is not limited. For example, the optimization goal in the first time period can include a first optimization goal, a second optimization goal, etc., which is not limited herein.

[0096] The various terms (e.g., network state, optimization goal, etc.) described above can have other names, or other names can appear as the standards continue to evolve, which are not limited herein.

[0097] In various embodiments of the present application, for the number of a noun, unless specifically stated, "a" or "an" means "one or more" and "at least one" means one or more than one. "Multiple" means two or more. "And / or" means that the associated objects can exist in a relationship of one, both, or none. The character " / " generally means that the associated objects are in a relationship of "or". For example, A / B means A or B. "At least one of a, b, or c" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including a single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c means a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0098] In various embodiments of the present application, "indication" can include direct indication, indirect indication, display indication, and implicit indication. When describing that certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can be understood that the indication information carries A, directly indicates A, or indirectly indicates A. In the present application, the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as the to-be-indicated information. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the to-be-indicated information, for example, but not limited to, the to-be-indicated information can be directly indicated, such as the to-be-indicated information itself or an index of the to-be-indicated information. The to-be-indicated information can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where the other information and the to-be-indicated information have an association relationship. The to-be-indicated information can also be indicated only by a part of the to-be-indicated information, and the other part of the to-be-indicated information is known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of a specific information can also be achieved by means of the pre-agreed (for example, the protocol stipulates) arrangement order of each information, thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. In addition, the to-be-indicated information can be sent as a whole, or can be sent separately into multiple sub-information, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present application, "sending" and "receiving" represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct sending through the air interface, and also includes indirect sending through the air interface by other units or modules. "Receiving information from YY" can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, which can include direct receiving from YY through the air interface, and also includes indirect receiving from YY through the air interface by other units or modules. "Sending" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can be carried out between devices, for example, between network devices and terminal devices, or can be carried out within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or hardware modules within a device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0100] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplarily", "for example", "such as", "optional", "possible implementation", "possible implementation" or "possible design" are used to represent examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. On the contrary, the word "example" is used to present the concept in a specific way. In the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding / relevant" and "corresponding" can be used interchangeably at times, and it should be pointed out that when the distinction is not emphasized, the meanings expressed are consistent.

[0101] In order to provide a mechanism for recommending (or determining) QoS parameters, the embodiments of the present application provide a scheme for determining QoS parameters. In the scheme, the QoS parameters in the first time period can be determined based on the first network state corresponding to the first time period, and a mechanism for determining (or recommending) QoS parameters is provided. Moreover, since the network state when the QoS parameters are used is considered when the QoS parameters are recommended, the recommended QoS parameters are more consistent with the actual network state, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the recommended QoS parameters.

[0102] The scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to fourth generation (4 th generation, 5 th generation, 5G) (such as new radio (NR)), sixth generation communication system (6 thThe technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to a communication system of a new radio (NR) system, a fifth generation (5G) system, a sixth generation (6G) system or a future evolved communication system. The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to a communication system such as a sidelink (SL) or a non-terrestrial network (NTN), without limitation. The SL can also be referred to as a sidelink, a side link, a direct link, an edge link or an auxiliary link, and the SL includes vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and the like. The V2X communication can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication and the like, without limitation.

[0103] Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a first network element and a fourth network element. Optionally, the communication system further includes a second network element and a third network element. The fourth network element and the first network element can communicate with each other. The second network element and the third network element can respectively communicate with the fourth network element. The first network element and the second network element can also communicate with each other.

[0104] Any network element (such as the first network element, the second network element, the third network element or the fourth network element) involved in the embodiments of the present application can be a device, a module in the device, or the network element can also be a logical concept, for example, a software module, or a network function corresponding to a service provided by each network element. The network function can be understood as a virtualized function under virtualization, and can also be understood as a network function providing a service under a service-oriented network.

[0105] The first network element and the third network element can both be regarded as consumers, which can also be referred to as service consumers or data consumers. The fourth network element can be regarded as a provider, which can also be referred to as a service provider or a data provider. For example, the first network element or the third network element can request services or data from the fourth network element. Correspondingly, the fourth network element can provide services or data for the first network element or the third network element. The second network element can be used to store information of data or services provided by the fourth network element.

[0106] In a possible design, the first network element and the fourth network element are in a same network, and the third network element and the fourth network element are in another network. Alternatively, the first network element, the second network element, the third network element, and the fourth network element can all be regarded as being in a same network. FIG. 1 is used as an example in which the first network element, the second network element, the third network element, and the fourth network element are all in a same network, and the actual implementation is not limited to a specific range of the network.

[0107] The implementation of the first network element, the second network element, the third network element, and the fourth network element involved in FIG. 1 is described below by using the schematic diagram of a 5G communication system shown in FIG. 2 as an example.

[0108] FIG. 2 shows a NEF, an AF, a network repository function (NRF), a network data analytics function (NWDAF), an ADRF, a PCF, a unified data repository (UDR), a unified data management (UDM), an operations, administration and management (OAM) (which can also be referred to as network management), an access and mobility management function (AMF), a session management function (SMF), a location management function (LMF), a terminal device, a RAN, a UPF, and a data network (DN). The terminal device can access the network through the RAN. Optionally, the OAM is deployed at an operator side. Optionally, the AF can be divided into two categories, one of which belongs to a core network network element, and the other of which belongs to a third-party application server, and therefore the AF involved in the embodiments of the present application can be an AF in the core network and / or the third-party application server, which is not limited herein.

[0109] In a possible design, the NEF, the AF, or the PCF involved in FIG. 2 can be an example of the first network element involved in FIG. 1, the ADRF can be an example of the second network element involved in FIG. 1, the NEF, the AF, or the PCF can be an example of the third network element involved in FIG. 1, and the NWDAF involved in FIG. 2 can be an example of the fourth network element involved in FIG. 1. The first network element and the third network element can be the same kind of network element, or different kinds of network elements, for example, the first network element and the third network element are both PCFs, the first network element is PCF1, and the third network element is PCF2.

[0110] The basic functions of the network elements involved above are described below.

[0111] The NEF is configured to provide a framework, authentication, and an interface related to network capability exposure, and to transfer information between a 5G system network function and another network function.

[0112] The AF is configured to interact with other control network elements of the 5G network on behalf of an application, including providing service QoS policy requirements, routing policy requirements, and the like.

[0113] The NRF is configured to provide a registration and discovery capability of network elements in the network.

[0114] The NWDAF has functions of data collection, model training, data analysis, and model inference, and can be configured to collect relevant data from other network elements, third-party servers, terminal devices, or network management systems, perform data analysis or model training based on the relevant data, and provide data analysis results to network elements, third-party service servers, terminal devices, or network management systems, or provide a trained model to other data analysis function network elements. In a possible design, the NWDAF can include one or more recommendation logic functions (ReLFs), and any ReLF is configured to collect relevant data from other network elements, third-party servers, terminal devices, or network management systems, generate recommendation information (for example, recommended QoS parameters), and provide the recommendation information to a recommendation result consumer (for example, a PCF, an AF, or the like). In another possible design, the ReLF can be a newly added network element, and is deployed in the network independently of the NWDAF. In this design, the ReLF can be an example of the fourth network element.

[0115] The ADRF is mainly responsible for storing and retrieving collected data or analysis.

[0116] The PCF is mainly responsible for generation and update of terminal device access policies and QoS flow control policies.

[0117] The UDR is configured to store and read subscription data of the UDM, and to store and read policy data of the PCF.

[0118] The UDM stores and retrieves subscription data.

[0119] The OAM is used to provide system or network fault indication, performance monitoring, security management, diagnosis, configuration and user configuration, etc.

[0120] The AMF is mainly responsible for the management functions of user access and mobility, etc., mainly including user registration, reachability, mobility management, N1 / N2 interface signaling transmission, access authentication and authorization, etc.

[0121] The SMF is used to manage the creation, modification and release of PDU sessions, etc., as well as the allocation and management of IP addresses, the selection and control of UPF, etc.

[0122] The LMF is used to calculate the position of the terminal device, etc.

[0123] The UPF is a network function network element of the 5G core network, which undertakes the core network processing functions of data flow processing, routing forwarding, etc.

[0124] The Nnef, Naf, Nnrf, Nnwdaf, Nadrf, Npcf, Nudr, Nudm, Namf, Nsmf and Nlmf in FIG. 2 are service interfaces provided by the above-mentioned NEF, AF, NRF, NWDAF, ADRF, PCF, UDR, UDM, AMF, SMF and LMF, respectively, for invoking corresponding service operations. The N2 involved in FIG. 2 is the communication interface between the RAN and the core network control plane (such as AMF), and the N3 is the communication interface between the RAN and the UPF, which is used to transmit user data. The N4 is the communication interface between the SMF and the UPF, which is used for policy configuration of the UPF, etc. The N6 is the communication interface between the UPF and the DN.

[0125] The terminal device involved above can access the communication system and has a device or module with corresponding communication function. The terminal device can be regarded as a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wireless device (such as a communication module or chip system, etc.) built-in in the above-mentioned device. The terminal device is usually provided with a communication module, circuit or chip for executing corresponding communication functions. The terminal device also has program instructions configured for executing corresponding communication functions.

[0126] The terminal device is used to connect people, things, machines, etc., and can be widely used in various scenarios, such as, but not limited to, the following scenarios: cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), machine-to-machine / machine-type communications (M2M / MTC), internet of things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, unmanned aerial vehicle, robot, etc. For example, the terminal device is a mobile station (MS), a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handset, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a tag, a transport vehicle (such as a smart car) with wireless communication function, a communication module, a roadside unit (RSU) with terminal function (also known as a road side unit), etc. The terminal device can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), a terminal, an access station, a UE station, a remote station, a wireless communication device, or a user device, etc.

[0127] One or more access network devices (or, access network apparatuses / access network network elements) can be included in the RAN. An access network device is a device with wireless transceiver functions, configured to communicate with the terminal device. The access network device includes, but is not limited to, a base station (BTS, Node B, eNodeB / eNB, or gNodeB / gNB) in the communication system described above, a transmission reception point (TRP), a base station of a subsequent evolution of 3GPP, an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a satellite, an unmanned plane, and the like. The TRP can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions located at the network side of the communication system. The TRP is usually provided with a communication module, circuit, or chip for performing corresponding communication functions, and a program instruction and corresponding program instruction configured to perform the corresponding communication functions. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small station, a relay station, and the like. Multiple base stations can support the network of the same access technology mentioned above or the network of different access technologies mentioned above. The base station can include one or more co-sited or non-co-sited transmission reception points. The access network device can also be a wireless controller, CU (also known as a convergence unit), and / or DU, and the like in a cloud radio access network (C(R)AN) scenario. The access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like. For example, the access network device in the V2X technology can be an RSU. The access network device is described below by taking the base station as an example. Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station can communicate with the terminal device or communicate with the terminal device through the relay station. The terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0128] In the case that the access network device comprises a CU and / or a DU. The CU and the DU can be understood as a division of the access network device from a logical function perspective. The CU and the DU can be physically separated or deployed together, and the embodiments of the present application do not make a specific limitation thereon. One CU can be connected with one DU, or a plurality of DUs can share one CU. The CU and the DU can be divided according to a protocol stack, and one possible way is that radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers are deployed in the CU, and the remaining radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer and physical layer are deployed in the DU. The embodiments of the present application do not completely limit the division of the CU and the DU according to the above protocol stack, and other division manners can also be used, for example, division according to a service type.

[0129] The access network device in the embodiments of the present application can also refer to a central unit control plane (CU-CP) node or a central unit user plane (CU-UP) node, or comprise the CU-CP and the CU-UP. The CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including RRC and packet data convergence protocol PDCP control (C) (which can be abbreviated as PDCP-C). The PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission and the like. The CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including SDAP and PDCP-U. The SDAP is mainly responsible for processing data of the core network and mapping the flow to a bearer. The PDCP-U is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of the data plane, integrity protection, header compression, sequence number maintenance, data transmission and the like.

[0130] The CU (including CU-CP or CU-UP) or DU can also have different names in different systems, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an open central unit (O-CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, and the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP.

[0131] The scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced below with reference to the drawings.

[0132] In the drawings corresponding to the various embodiments of the present application, the steps represented by dashed lines are optional steps. In addition, the first network element involved in the various embodiments of the present application is, for example, the first network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NEF, AF or PCF involved in FIG. 2, the second network element is, for example, the second network element involved in FIG. 1, or the ADRF involved in FIG. 2, the third network element is, for example, the third network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NEF, AF or PCF involved in FIG. 2, and the fourth network element is, for example, the fourth network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NWDAF or ReLF involved in FIG. 2. In addition, with the continuous evolution of standards, the name and / or function of the network element can change, which is not limited.

[0133] Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a method for determining QoS parameters provided by an embodiment of the present application. The steps involved in FIG. 3 will be introduced below.

[0134] S301, the first network element sends a first message to the fourth network element. Correspondingly, the fourth network element receives the first message from the first network element.

[0135] The first network element can send the first message directly to the fourth network element, or send the first message to the fourth network element through other network elements, which is not limited. The first message can also be referred to as a subscription message or a request message, etc. Optionally, the first network element can send the first message to the fourth network element through a recommendation information request (RecommendationInfo_Request) service operation or a recommendation subscription (RecommendationSubscription_Subscribe) service operation, or the first network element can send the first message to the fourth network element through an analytics information request (AnalyticsInfo_Request) service operation or an analytics subscription (AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe) service operation.

[0136] The first message is used to request recommended QoS parameters. For example, the first message can be specifically described as being used to request at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, which can be understood as the first network element explicitly indicating what QoS parameters it needs, but not explicitly indicating the values of the QoS parameters, and thus needs to request the fourth network element to recommend. The at least one QoS parameter can be determined by the first network element itself, or can be configured by a protocol, or can be determined by negotiation between the first network element and the fourth network element, and no limitation is made to this. For example, the at least one QoS parameter includes at least one of 5QI, ARP, uplink maximum bit rate, downlink maximum bit rate, uplink guaranteed bit rate, downlink guaranteed bit rate, uplink maximum packet loss rate, downlink maximum packet loss rate, resource type, priority level, PDB, PER, average window, or maximum data burst.

[0137] In a possible implementation, the first message includes information as shown in A1 and A2. Optionally, the first message can further include at least one piece of information as shown in A3-A8. Information shown in A1-A8 is introduced respectively as follows.

[0138] A1, information used to indicate a request for recommended QoS parameters. For the sake of simplicity, the information used to indicate a request for recommended QoS parameters is referred to as first indication information in the following. A1 can also be described as the first message indicating a request for recommended QoS parameters.

[0139] The first indication information is used to indicate recommended QoS parameters, and indicates that the first network element expects the fourth network element to provide recommended QoS parameters, or in other words, the first network element requests recommended QoS parameters. For example, the first indication information includes a recommendation identifier (Recommendation ID) or an analytics identifier (Analytics ID), and the name of the recommendation identifier is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The recommendation identifier is used to indicate information of a request for recommended QoS parameters, and the recommendation identifier is used to identify a recommended type of the request. For example, Recommendation ID=QoS recommendation, which indicates that the first network element requests recommended QoS parameters.

[0140] A2, information used to request at least one QoS parameter in a first time period. For the sake of simplicity, the information used to request at least one QoS parameter in a first time period is referred to as second indication information in the following. A2 can also be described as the first message indicating a request for at least one QoS parameter in a first time period.

[0141] The second indication information, for example, includes information of requested recommendation parameters, i.e., the second indication specifically indicates at least one QoS parameter that the first network element expects to request. Optionally, the second indication also includes information of a time period (i.e., the first time period) corresponding to the requested recommendation parameters. The first time period refers to a time period during which the recommended QoS parameter is used, or can be described as a time period during which the recommended QoS parameter is applied or takes effect.

[0142] A3, information for indicating the first network status. The information shown in A3 can also be referred to as network status indication or third indication information, etc. The third indication information is used to indicate the first network status, for example, indicating that the congestion level of the network is 1. Optionally, the third indication information can also indicate other network statuses (such as the second network status). In the case where the third indication information only indicates one network status, the first information can also include other network status indications, which are used to indicate the second network status, etc.

[0143] Optionally, in the case where the first message includes information for indicating multiple network statuses, the first message can also include information for indicating the priority of each of the multiple network statuses. In this way, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on the network status in the order from high to low priority of each of the multiple network statuses.

[0144] For example, the first message indicates that the priority of network status 1 is 1 and the priority of network status 2 is 2, then the fourth network element determines that the priority of network status 1 is higher than that of network status 2, and thus the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on network status 1. If the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter that meets network status 1 can be determined, then there is no need to consider network status 2. If the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter that meets network status 1 cannot be determined based on network status 1, then the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on network status 2.

[0145] A4, information for indicating the optimization target. The information for indicating the optimization target, for example, is used to indicate the first optimization target, the second optimization target, etc. A4 can also be described as the first message indicating the optimization target.

[0146] Optionally, in the case that the first message includes information indicating multiple optimization targets, and each of the multiple optimization targets corresponds to the first network state, the first message further includes information indicating a priority of each of the multiple optimization targets. In this case, it can also be considered that the first message indicates multiple combinations, but any two combinations of the multiple combinations correspond to the same network state. In this way, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on the optimization target in the order from high to low of the priority of each of the multiple optimization targets.

[0147] For example, the first message indicates that the priority of the first optimization target is 1, and the priority of the second optimization target is 2. The fourth network element determines that the priority of the first optimization target is higher than the priority of the second optimization target, and thus the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on the first optimization target and the first network state. If the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter that meets the first optimization target and the first network state can be determined, the second optimization target does not need to be considered. If the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter that meets the first optimization target and the first network state cannot be determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on the second optimization target and the first network state.

[0148] Optionally, in the case that the first message indicates multiple combinations (or can be described as the first message including information of multiple combinations), any one of the multiple combinations includes a network state and an optimization target, and the first message further includes information indicating a priority of each of the multiple combinations. The information of each of the multiple combinations includes information of the optimization target corresponding to the combination, information of the network state, and optionally, information of the priority of each of the multiple combinations.

[0149] The priority of any one of the multiple combinations can be a priority of the combination respectively, or can be a priority of the network state included in the combination, or can be a priority of the optimization target included in the combination, and no specific limitation is made in this regard. Regardless of which priority, the priority can be determined by the first network element, or determined by the first network element and the fourth network element in negotiation, or pre-configured or pre-defined (such as pre-configured by a protocol), and no specific limitation is made in this regard.

[0150] For example, the multiple combinations include a combination of the first network state and the first optimization target (referred to as the first combination), and a combination of the second network state and the second optimization target (referred to as the second combination). The first message can indicate a priority of the first combination (referred to as the first priority) and a priority of the second combination (referred to as the second priority).

[0151] For example, the first priority can be the priority of the first combination, and the second priority can be the priority of the second combination. Or can be the priority of the network state included in the combination, and the second priority is the priority of the second network state. Or, the first priority is the priority of the first optimization target, and the second priority is the priority of the second optimization target.

[0152] For the convenience of introduction, the first priority is lower than the second priority in the embodiments of the present application, that is, the priority of the first combination is lower than the priority of the second combination.

[0153] Optionally, in the case where the first message indicates multiple combinations, multiple optimization targets in the multiple combinations can correspond to the same network state, or multiple network states in the multiple combinations can correspond to the same optimization target, or each optimization target and network state in the multiple combinations are in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0154] The optimization target is represented by MOS, and the network state is represented by congestion level. The first message indicates multiple combinations, and the multiple combinations include combination 1 and combination 2 as an example. One of combination 1 and combination 2 can be an example of the first combination, and the other of combination 1 and combination 2 can be an example of the second combination.

[0155] Example 1: combination 1 indicates MOS greater than or equal to 4 and congestion level 1, and combination 2 indicates MOS greater than or equal to 4 and congestion level 2, which indicates that the first network element expects to obtain QoS parameters that can achieve MOS >= 4 in the network state of congestion level 1 and congestion level 2, or indicates that the first network element wants to obtain recommended parameters that can achieve MOS greater than or equal to 4 in the network state of congestion level 1 and recommended parameters that can achieve MOS greater than or equal to 4 in the network state of congestion level 2, respectively.

[0156] Example 2: combination 1 indicates MOS greater than or equal to 3.5 and less than 4 and congestion level 3, and combination 2 indicates MOS greater than or equal to 3 and less than 3.2 and congestion level 3, which indicates that the first network element expects to recommend obtaining QoS parameters that can achieve MOS greater than or equal to 3.5 and less than 4 in the network state of congestion level 3, and / or, obtaining QoS parameters that can achieve MOS greater than or equal to 3 and less than 3.2.

[0157] For example, combination 1 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3.5 and less than 4 and the congestion level is 3, and combination 2 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 3.2 and the congestion level is 4, which means that the first network element expects to recommend to acquire the QoS parameters capable of reaching the MOS greater than or equal to 3.5 and less than 4 in the network state with the congestion level of 3, and / or, the QoS parameters capable of reaching the MOS greater than or equal to 3 and less than 3.2 in the network state with the congestion level of 4.

[0158] For example, please refer to Table 1, which is an example of a plurality of combinations provided by the embodiments of the present application. In Table 1, the optimization target includes the MOS, and the network state includes the congestion level of the network.

[0159] Table 1

[0160] As shown in Table 1, the plurality of combinations can include four combinations (for example, combination 1, combination 2, combination 3 and combination 4), combination 1 indicates that the optimization target is the MOS greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5, the congestion level of the network is 3, and the priority of combination 1 is the highest. Combination 2 indicates that the optimization target is the MOS greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4, the congestion level of the network is 4, and the priority of combination 2 is medium. Combination 3 indicates that the optimization target is the MOS greater than or equal to 5, the congestion level of the network is 1, and the priority of combination 3 is low. Combination 4 indicates that the optimization target is the MOS greater than or equal to 5, the congestion level of the network is 2, and the priority of combination 4 is low.

[0161] A5, recommendation filter information, used to indicate the conditions that the recommended QoS parameters need to meet. Or it can be described as the first message used to indicate the conditions that the recommended QoS parameters need to meet. For example, the recommendation filter information indicates the area of interest (AOI) and / or network slice (for example, single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI)), which is used to represent the QoS parameters provided within a certain AOI and / or slice. The range of the AOI can be determined by the first network element, or defined by the protocol, or determined by the first network element and the fourth network element through negotiation, which is not limited.

[0162] A6, information for indicating a target of recommendation reporting, or a target of analytics reporting, the name of the target of recommendation reporting is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Or it can be described as the first message indicating the target of recommendation reporting.

[0163] The target of recommendation reporting indicates the object to which the requested QoS parameter is directed, i.e. the object on which the recommended QoS parameter acts. The target of recommendation reporting can be, for example, a certain specific UE or a group of UEs, which means that the fourth indication information requests the recommended QoS parameter for the UE or the group of UEs. For example, the recommendation filtering information indicates that the AOI is cell 1, and the target of recommendation reporting is any terminal device, which means that the first message requests the recommendation for all UEs in cell 1.

[0164] A7, information for indicating a condition of constraining the QoS parameter. Or it can be described as the first message indicating the condition of constraining the QoS parameter. For example, the first network element can determine the expected value range of each of the at least one QoS parameter. For example, the at least one QoS parameter includes the uplink maximum bit rate, and the information for indicating the condition of constraining the QoS parameter indicates that the uplink maximum bit rate is greater than or equal to 100 megabytes per second (Mbps) and less than or equal to 200 Mbps.

[0165] A8, candidate M sets of parameter information, M being a positive integer. Or it can be described as the first message indicating M sets of parameters. Any one of the M sets of parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0166] Any two of the M sets of parameter information can correspond to the same optimization target and the same network state, or at least two of the M sets of parameter information correspond to different optimization targets, or at least two of the M sets of parameter information correspond to different network states, or at least two of the M sets of parameter information correspond to different optimization targets and different network states, which is not limited.

[0167] For example, please refer to Table 2, which is an example of multiple combinations provided by the embodiments of the present application. In Table 2, the optimization target includes MOS, the network state includes the congestion level of the network, and the parameter information of the QoS parameter takes the index of the QoS parameter as an example.

[0168] Table 2

[0169] As shown in Table 2, the M groups of parameter information include 10 groups of QoS parameter sets, i.e., QoS parameter set 1 to QoS parameter set 10. The QoS parameter set can also be directly abbreviated or referred to as QoS set. When the combination of the optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 5 and the congestion level of the network is 1, 3 groups of parameter information in the M groups of parameter information, i.e., QoS parameter 1 to QoS parameter 3, are corresponded. When the combination of the optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5 and the congestion level of the network is 2, 3 groups of parameter information in the M groups of parameter information, i.e., QoS parameter 4 to QoS parameter 6, are corresponded. When the combination of the optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4 and the congestion level of the network is 3, 2 groups of parameter information in the M groups of parameter information, i.e., QoS parameter 7 to QoS parameter 8, are corresponded. When the combination of the optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4 and the congestion level of the network is 4, 2 groups of parameter information in the M groups of parameter information, i.e., QoS parameter 9 to QoS parameter 10, are corresponded.

[0170] In S302, the fourth network element sends a second message to the first network element. Correspondingly, the first network element receives the second message from the fourth network element.

[0171] The fourth network element can send the second message to the first network element directly or through other network elements, which is not limited. The second message can also be referred to as a response message or a notification message, etc.

[0172] Optionally, the first network element can send the second message to the fourth network element through a RecommendationInfo_Request_Response service operation or a RecommendationSubscription_Notify service operation, or the first network element can send the second message to the fourth network element through an AnalyticsInfo_Request_Response service operation or an AnalyticsSubscription_Notify service operation. The second message includes information as shown in B1. Optionally, the second message can also include at least one of information as shown in B2 to B3. Information as shown in B1 to B3 is introduced respectively as follows.

[0173] B1, parameter information corresponding to each of the at least one QoS parameter, which can also be referred to as parameter information of the at least one QoS parameter.

[0174] Any one of the at least one QoS parameter information can be used to determine one or more values of the any one of the at least one QoS parameter, which is not specifically limited. For example, the second message includes N groups of parameter information, N is a positive integer, and any one of the N groups of parameter information includes parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in B1 respectively, or it can be understood that the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter included in the second message is specifically N groups of parameter information. Among them, any two groups of parameter information in the N groups of parameter information are different, which means that at least one content of the two groups of parameter information is different.

[0175] In the case that the second message includes N groups of parameter information, optionally, the second message can also include information of priority corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively. The priority of any one group of parameter information indicates the priority of the first network element using the group of parameter information, but it is not limited whether the first network element selects and uses the parameter information according to the priority. The second message can explicitly or implicitly include information of priority corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively.

[0176] For example, the second message includes at least one bit, and the at least one bit is used to carry information of priority corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively. Or, the N groups of parameter information included in the second message are sorted according to the priority, and the first network element can determine the priority of the N groups of parameter information according to the order of the N groups of parameter information in the second message. For example, the priority of the parameter information in the front of the second message is higher, and the priority of the parameter information at the back is lower.

[0177] For example, the at least one QoS parameter in B1 includes the maximum uplink bit rate and the PDB. The N groups of parameter information include a first group of parameter information and a second group of parameter information. The first group of parameter information indicates QoS set1, and the maximum uplink bit rate in the QoS set1 is 250 Mbps, and the PDB is 30 milliseconds (ms). The second group of parameter information indicates QoS set2, and the maximum uplink bit rate in the QoS set2 is 300 Mbps, and the PDB is 60 ms. The second message can also include information of priority of the first group of parameter information and information of priority of the second group of parameter information, for example, the priority of the first group of parameter information is 1, and the priority of the second group of parameter information is 2.

[0178] B2, information used to indicate the network state corresponding to the information in B1. For example, the network state corresponding to the information in B1 is the first network state, and then the second message can indicate the information of the first network state. In this way, the first network element determines which network state the information in B1 corresponds to.

[0179] Optionally, in the case that the second message includes N groups of parameter information, the information of the network state corresponding to the information shown as B1 can include information of network states corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information. Any two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information can correspond to the same or different network states, and no specific limitation is made in this regard. If at least two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information correspond to the same network state, the information of network states corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information includes information of the same network state corresponding to the at least two groups of parameter information. If any two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information correspond to different network states, the information of network states corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information includes information of the network state corresponding to each group of parameter information.

[0180] B3, information for indicating the optimization target corresponding to the information shown as B1. For example, the optimization target corresponding to the information shown as B1 is a first optimization target, and the second message can indicate information of the first optimization target. In this way, the first network element determines which optimization target the information shown as B1 corresponds to.

[0181] Optionally, in the case that the second message includes N groups of parameter information, the information of the optimization target corresponding to the information shown as B1 can include information of optimization targets corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information. Any two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information can correspond to the same or different optimization targets, and no specific limitation is made in this regard. If at least two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information correspond to the same optimization target, the information of optimization targets corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information includes information of the same optimization target corresponding to the at least two groups of parameter information. If any two groups of parameter information among the N groups of parameter information correspond to different optimization targets, the information of optimization targets corresponding to multiple groups of parameter information includes information of the optimization target corresponding to each group of parameter information.

[0182] The following illustrates the manner in which the fourth network element determines the information shown as B1 (i.e., parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter) included in the second message in combination with C1 and C2.

[0183] C1, the fourth network element determines parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter included in the second message according to the first network state.

[0184] The fourth network element obtains the first network state, and the fourth network element can determine parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter according to the first network state. The fourth network element can obtain the information shown as A3 (i.e., information for indicating the first network state) from the first message, or the fourth network element can determine the first network state by itself.

[0185] Exemplarily, the fourth network element can determine, based on the first network state, parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, to obtain a second message. The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively included in the second message can all be the N groups of parameter information involved in B1.

[0186] The way in which the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively will be introduced below.

[0187] Method 1: The fourth network element pre-stores a first model, which can be a local model of the fourth network element, and the first model is used to predict the QoS parameters applicable in a specific network state, or the fourth network element has a digital twin of the network locally, and the digital twin can infer the QoS parameters applicable in the network state based on the network state. The fourth network element can input the first network state into the model or the digital twin of the network, and output the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively through the model or the digital twin of the network.

[0188] Method 2: The fourth network element pre-stores a first correspondence relationship, which indicates the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameters corresponding to different network states. Therefore, the fourth network element can determine, based on the first network state, the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameters corresponding to the first network state from the first correspondence relationship, to obtain the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0189] In addition, in the case where the first message further includes M groups of parameter information, optionally, the fourth network element can determine target parameter information conforming to the first network state from the M groups of parameter information, that is, the target parameter information is at least one of the M groups of parameter information. The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively included in the second message is the target parameter information. In this case, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively included in the second message is at least one of the M groups of parameter information.

[0190] The way in which the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively will be introduced below.

[0191] As shown in FIG. 4, the first message includes a plurality of network states, such as network congestion levels 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively based on the plurality of network states, for example, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively corresponding to the congestion level 1 is QoS parameter set 3, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively corresponding to the congestion level 2 is QoS parameter set 1, and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively corresponding to the congestion level 3 is QoS parameter set 2.

[0192] C2, the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively according to the first network state and the first optimization target.

[0193] The fourth network element can obtain the first network state in the manner as discussed above in C1. When the first message further includes the information as shown in A4 (i.e., the information of the first optimization target), the fourth network element can obtain the first optimization target based on the first message. Further, the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter that can achieve the first optimization target under the first network state.

[0194] The specific manner of the fourth network element determining the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is introduced below.

[0195] Method 3, the fourth network element pre-stores a second model, which can be a local model of the fourth network element. The second model is used to predict the QoS parameter applicable under a specific network state and an optimization target, or the fourth network element has a digital twin of the network locally, which can infer the QoS parameter applicable under the network state and the optimization target based on the network state and the optimization target. The fourth network element can input the first network state and the first optimization target into the model or the digital twin of the network, and output the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively through the model or the digital twin of the network.

[0196] Method 4, the fourth network element pre-stores a second correspondence relationship, which indicates the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter corresponding to different network states and different optimization targets. Therefore, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter corresponding to the first network state from the second correspondence relationship based on the first network state, to obtain the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0197] Optionally, in the case that the first message further comprises M sets of parameter information, then the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter included in the second message respectively based on the first network state and the first optimization target from the M sets of parameter information. In this case, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter included in the second message respectively is at least one set of the M sets of parameter information.

[0198] Optionally, in the case that the first message comprises a plurality of combinations, then the fourth network element determines the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively according to the plurality of combinations.

[0199] For example, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively based on the plurality of combinations to obtain N sets of parameter information; or the fourth network element can determine at least one combination from the plurality of combinations, and determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively based on the at least one combination. The at least one combination can be determined by the fourth network element itself, for example, the difference between the network state indicated by the at least one combination and the network state determined by the fourth network element is less than or equal to the first threshold. The content of determining the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter based on each combination can refer to the content of determining the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter discussed in C2 above, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0200] The following will be described by way of example in combination with the schematic diagram of determining the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, the optimization target comprises MOS, the at least one QoS parameter comprises the maximum bit rate and PDB of the uplink, and the network state comprises the congestion level of the network.

[0201] As shown in FIG. 5, the first message includes a plurality of combinations (such as combination 1, combination 2, combination 3 and combination 4), combination 1 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 5 and the congestion level is 1; combination 2 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5 and the congestion level is 2; combination 3 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4 and the congestion level is 3; and combination 4 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4 and the congestion level is 4. The priority of combination 1 to combination 4 from high to low is combination 4, combination 3, combination 1 and combination 2 in turn. The priority of combination 1 and combination 2 is the same. If the fourth network element does not determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter based on combination 4 and combination 3, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively according to combination 1 and combination 2. For example, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively corresponding to combination 1 indicates that the uplink maximum bit rate is 250 Mbps, the PDB is 30 ms, the congestion level of the network corresponding to combination 1 is 1, and the corresponding optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 5; and the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively corresponding to combination 2 indicates that the uplink maximum bit rate is 300 Mbps, the PDB is 60 ms, the congestion level of the network corresponding to combination 2 is 2, and the corresponding optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5.

[0202] Regardless of which method of C1 to C2 the fourth network element adopts to determine the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, the second message can include N groups of parameter information, which is optional. In this case, the fourth network element can further determine the priority of each group of parameter information in the N groups of parameter information.

[0203] The following is an example of determining the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, in combination with the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 6. In FIG. 6, the optimization target includes MOS, and the network state includes the congestion level of the network.

[0204] As shown in FIG. 6, the first message includes a plurality of combinations (e.g., combination 1, combination 2, combination 3, and combination 4), combination 1 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 5, the congestion level is 1, and the candidate parameter information includes QoS parameter set 1 to QoS parameter set 3; combination 2 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5, the congestion level is 2, and the candidate parameter information includes QoS parameter set 4 to QoS parameter set 6; combination 3 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4, the congestion level is 3, and the candidate parameter information includes QoS parameter set 7 and QoS parameter set 8; and combination 4 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4, the congestion level is 4, and the candidate parameter information includes QoS parameter set 9 and QoS parameter set 10. The N groups of parameter information include QoS parameter set 1 to QoS parameter set 10. Among them, combination 4 has the highest priority, and combination 1, combination 2, and combination 3 have the same priority.

[0205] When the fourth network element does not determine the parameter information of the appropriate QoS parameter based on combination 4, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter according to combination 1, combination 2, and combination 3, respectively. The parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter corresponding to combination 1 to combination 3 determined by the fourth network element respectively includes QoS parameter set 2, QoS parameter set 4, QoS parameter set 7, and the priority of QoS parameter set 2, QoS parameter set 4, and QoS parameter set 7 is 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

[0206] For example, the fourth network element can randomly assign a priority to the N groups of parameter information, respectively. Alternatively, the fourth network element can set a higher priority for a group of parameter information corresponding to a more optimal optimization target. For example, the N groups of parameter information include a first group of parameter information and a second group of parameter information, and using the first group of parameter information can achieve a more optimal optimization target than the second group of parameter information, and the fourth network element can set a higher priority for the first group of parameter information than the priority of the second group of parameter information.

[0207] In one possible implementation, the fourth network element can determine the parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter included in the second message based on the priority order of the plurality of combinations. This implementation is applicable to the case where the first message further includes information for indicating the priority of each combination in the plurality of combinations. Taking the plurality of combinations including a first combination and a second combination as an example, the contents of the first combination and the second combination can refer to the contents of the first combination and the second combination discussed above, respectively.

[0208] Since the priority of the second combination is higher than the priority of the first combination, the fourth network element can determine whether there is parameter information of a QoS parameter satisfying the second combination according to the second combination. If there is no parameter information of a QoS parameter satisfying the second combination, the fourth network element can determine parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter satisfying the first combination according to the first combination, to determine the second message.

[0209] The embodiment is exemplarily described below in combination with a schematic diagram of determining parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter shown in FIG. 7. In FIG. 7, it is exemplarily taken that the optimization target includes MOS, the network state includes the congestion level of the network, and the at least one QoS parameter includes the uplink maximum bit rate and PDB. As shown in FIG. 7, the first message includes a plurality of combinations (such as combination 1, combination 2, combination 3 and combination 4), the combination 2 can be taken as an example of the first combination, and the combination 1 can be taken as an example of the second combination.

[0210] The combination 1 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 5, the congestion level is 1, and the priority of the combination 1 is high; the combination 2 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5, the congestion level is 2, and the priority of the combination 2 is medium; the combination 3 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4, the congestion level is 3, and the priority of the combination 3 is low; and the combination 4 indicates that the MOS is greater than or equal to 3 and less than 4, the congestion level is 4, and the priority of the combination 4 is low.

[0211] In this example, the fourth network element can first determine the QoS parameter information based on the combination 1, and if no parameter information of a QoS parameter satisfying the combination 1 is determined, the fourth network element can determine the QoS parameter information based on the combination 2. For example, the fourth network element determines that the parameter information of the QoS parameter corresponding to the combination 2 indicates that the uplink maximum bit rate is 250 Mbps and the PDB is 30 ms, and the fourth network element can take the uplink maximum bit rate of 250 Mbps and the PDB of 30 ms as the result of the value of the at least one QoS parameter. The second message can indicate that the uplink maximum bit rate is 250 Mbps and the PDB is 30 ms. Optionally, the second message can also indicate that the network state is 2 and the corresponding optimization target is that the MOS is greater than or equal to 4 and less than 5. In this example, the fourth network element can not need to continue to determine the QoS parameter information corresponding to the combination 3 and the combination 4.

[0212] In addition to determining the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, the fourth network element can also optionally determine the network state and / or the optimization target corresponding to the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, to obtain the information shown in B2 (i.e., the information for indicating the network state corresponding to the information shown in B1) and / or the information shown in B3 (i.e., the information for indicating the optimization target corresponding to the information shown in B1).

[0213] In a possible design, if the first message further comprises the information indicated by A5 (i.e., recommended filtering information), the information indicated by A6 (i.e., information used to indicate a target of a recommended report), or the information indicated by A7 (i.e., information used to indicate a condition of a constrained QoS parameter), the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter determined by the fourth network element also satisfies at least one of the recommended filtering information, the target of the recommended report, or the condition of the constrained QoS parameter.

[0214] For example, the first message comprises the recommended filtering information, and the at least one QoS parameter corresponds to a condition satisfying the recommended filtering information. For another example, the first message comprises the information used to indicate the target of the recommended report, and the at least one QoS parameter corresponds to a target recommended by the information indicated by A6. For yet another example, the first message comprises the information used to indicate the condition of the constrained QoS parameter, and the at least one QoS parameter corresponds to a condition satisfying the constrained QoS parameter.

[0215] After receiving the second message, the first network element can generate, according to the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, policy information used to control the QoS flow. Optionally, the policy information comprises values of the candidate QoS parameter set arranged in a priority order and the like.

[0216] In a case where the first network state is determined by the fourth network element, the fourth network element determines, according to actual conditions such as a change in the network state, updated parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, and sends, to the first network element, a seventh message comprising the updated parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter. Optionally, if the first network state is updated, the seventh message further comprises updated information used to indicate the network state.

[0217] In a possible implementation, the fourth network element can further request the second network element to store recommended information corresponding to the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter, and obtain, from the second network element, information of a storage identifier corresponding to the recommended information.

[0218] For example, the fourth network element sends a third message to the second network element, and the third message is used to request the second network element to store the recommended information. The recommended information (or the third message) comprises parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter and information used to indicate the first network state. Optionally, the recommended information further comprises information used to indicate the first optimization target and / or priority information corresponding to the N groups of parameter information. After receiving the third message, the second network element can send a fourth message to the fourth network element, and the fourth message comprises information used to indicate a storage identifier corresponding to the recommended information. The storage identifier can be understood as a unique identifier generated by the second network element for the recommended information.

[0219] In this way, after the fourth network element receives a message from another network element for requesting a recommended QoS parameter, the fourth network element can search the second network element for recommended information matching the message, so as to relatively reduce the processing amount of the fourth network element.

[0220] For example, the fourth network element receives a fifth message from the third network element. The fifth message is used to request recommended at least one QoS parameter in a second time period. The fifth message comprises information used to indicate the first network state. After receiving the fifth message, the fourth network element can determine that the network state indicated by the fifth message is the same as the network state indicated by the first message, and then the fourth network element can notify the third network element of the recommended information, which is equivalent to recommending the parameter information corresponding to the QoS parameter to the third network element.

[0221] The second time period can be the same as or different from the first time period, and no limitation is made in this regard. Optionally, the fifth message further comprises information used to indicate a third optimization target. The third optimization target can be the same as or close to the first optimization target. In this way, the fourth network element can also determine, based on the third optimization target and the first network state, that the parameter information of the QoS parameter requested by the third network element is the same as or close to the parameter information of the QoS parameter requested by the first network element. The content of the fifth message can refer to the content of the first message, which will not be listed one by one here, for example, the fifth message can further comprise the candidate M groups of parameter information, and the fifth message can further comprise a plurality of combinations of information and priority of the plurality of combinations of information.

[0222] In a possible implementation, the fourth network element can send a sixth message to the third network element. The sixth message comprises information of the second network element and information of the storage identifier. The information of the second network element comprises, for example, an identifier or an address of the second network element, and the like. In this way, the third network element can acquire, based on the information of the second network element, recommended information corresponding to the storage identifier from the second network element. This way can relatively reduce the data transmission times of the fourth network element. Alternatively, the fourth network element can acquire, based on the storage identifier, recommended information corresponding to the storage identifier from the second network element, and feed back the recommended information to the third network element. In this way, the third network element does not need to perceive the second network element, and the processing amount of the third network element is relatively reduced.

[0223] The following takes the first network element as the PCF, the fourth network element as the NWDAF, the first message includes information for indicating the first network state as an example, and the second message includes N sets of parameter information and priority information corresponding to the N sets of parameter information as an example, and the interaction between the PCF and the NWDAF is exemplarily introduced.

[0224] Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter provided by an embodiment of the present application. The following introduces each step involved in FIG. 8.

[0225] S801, the PCF sends a first message to the NWDAF. The NWDAF receives the first message from the PCF. The PCF can send the first message to the NWDAF directly or through other networks.

[0226] The present embodiment lists two implementation manners of the first message, for example, a first implementation manner shown in S801a and a second implementation manner shown in S801b.

[0227] In the present embodiment, S801a is that the PCF sends the first message to the NWDAF. Correspondingly, the NWDAF receives the first message from the PCF. The first message is used to request to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, and the first message further includes information for indicating a first network state. Optionally, the first message further includes information for indicating a first optimization target. S801b is that the PCF sends the first message to the NWDAF. Correspondingly, the NWDAF receives the first message from the PCF. The first message is used to request to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, and the first message further includes M sets of parameter information. The content of the first message, the first time period, the first network state, the M sets of parameter information, and the first optimization target can be respectively referred to the content of the first message, the first time period, the first network state, the M sets of parameter information, and the first optimization target discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, which will not be listed here.

[0228] S801a and S801b are two different implementation manners, either S801a is executed or S801b is executed, that is, S801a and S801b can be regarded as optional steps, which are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 8.

[0229] S802, the NWDAF determines N sets of parameter information.

[0230] In the first implementation, i.e., the first message further includes information indicating the first network state, the NWDAF can determine the N sets of parameter information based on the first network state. In the second implementation, i.e., the second message further includes the M sets of parameter information, the NWDAF can determine the N sets of parameter information from the M sets of parameter information based on the first network state. In this case, the first network state can be pre-configured in the NWDAF or determined by the NWDAF, which is not limited. The content of determining the N sets of parameter information can refer to the content of determining the N sets of parameter information discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the repeated parts will not be listed.

[0231] S803, the NWDAF sends a second message to the PCF. Correspondingly, the PCF receives the second message from the NWDAF.

[0232] In the embodiments of the present application, the second message includes the N sets of parameter information, and the priority information corresponding to each set of parameter information. The content of the N sets of parameter information and the priority information corresponding to each set of parameter information can refer to the content of the N sets of parameter information and the priority information corresponding to each set of parameter information discussed in the foregoing FIG. 3, and the repeated parts will not be listed. Optionally, the second message can further include information indicating the optimization target corresponding to each set of parameter information in the N sets of parameter information, and information indicating the network state corresponding to each set of parameter information.

[0233] S804, the NWDAF sends a ninth message to the PCF. Correspondingly, the PCF receives the ninth message from the NWDAF. The ninth message is used to indicate the parameter information corresponding to the updated at least one QoS parameter, and optionally further includes updated information indicating the network state.

[0234] In the case that the NWDAF determines the network state by itself, if the network state in the first time period is updated, the NWDAF can determine the updated at least one QoS parameter based on the updated network state, and indicate the parameter information corresponding to the updated at least one QoS parameter to the PCF.

[0235] S805, the PCF determines the policy information according to the ninth message. The content of the policy information can refer to the content of the policy information discussed in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the repeated parts will not be listed.

[0236] S802, S804 and S805 are optional steps, which are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 8.

[0237] In the first implementation manner in the embodiments of the present application, the NWDAF can generate recommended parameters under different network status information, so that the PCF can select appropriate recommended parameters based on actual network status information, and ensure that the expected optimization target can be achieved after using the recommended parameters, that is, the PCF can be recommended more accurate parameter information of QoS parameters. The embodiments of the present application consider the network status corresponding to the actual use of QoS parameters, so that the recommended parameter information of QoS parameters can be matched with the network status, which is beneficial to better achieve the optimization target.

[0238] In the second implementation manner in the embodiments of the present application, in the case that the PCF provides candidate M sets of parameter information, the NWDAF can determine or recommend QoS parameters under different network status information, and the recommended parameter information of QoS parameters is a subset of the M sets of parameter information, so that the PCF can select appropriate parameter information of QoS parameters based on actual network status information, and ensure that the expected optimization target can be achieved after using the parameter information of QoS parameters. In addition, the NWDAF can update the network status and update the recommended parameter information of QoS parameters for the PCF in time, so that the PCF can subsequently control the QoS flow more accurately based on the recommended parameter information of QoS parameters. Moreover, the NWDAF has a certain data analysis function, so that it is beneficial to reduce the modification of the NWDAF by using the NWDAF to recommend the parameter information of QoS parameters for the PCF.

[0239] Hereinafter, taking the first network element as the PCF, the fourth network element as the NWDAF, the first message including the information of the first combination and the second combination, and the priority information of the first combination and the second combination as an example, and the second message including N sets of parameter information and the priority information corresponding to the N sets of parameter information as an example, the interaction between the PCF and the NWDAF is exemplarily introduced.

[0240] Please refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter provided by an embodiment of the present application. Hereinafter, each step involved in FIG. 9 is introduced.

[0241] S901, the PCF sends a first message to the NWDAF. Correspondingly, the NWDAF receives the first message from the PCF.

[0242] In the embodiments of the present application, the first message is used to request to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, and further includes information used to indicate the first combination and the second combination. The content of the first combination and the second combination can refer to the content of the first combination and the second combination discussed in the foregoing FIG. 3, and the repeated parts are not listed.

[0243] S902, the NWDAF determines parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0244] For example, the priority of the second combination is higher than the priority of the first combination, the NWDAF can determine the parameter information of the QoS parameter based on the second combination first. If the parameter information of the QoS parameter satisfying the optimization target and the network state in the second combination cannot be determined, the NWDAF can determine the parameter information of the at least one QoS parameter based on the first combination. The content of determining the parameter information of the at least one QoS parameter can refer to the content of determining the parameter information of the at least one QoS parameter discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.

[0245] S903, the NWDAF sends a second message to the PCF. Correspondingly, the PCF receives the second message from the NWDAF.

[0246] The second message includes the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively. The content of the second message and the content of the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively can refer to the content of the second message and the content of the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.

[0247] S904, the NWDAF sends a ninth message to the PCF. Correspondingly, the PCF receives the ninth message from the NWDAF. The content of the ninth message can refer to the content of the ninth message discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8.

[0248] S905, the PCF determines the policy information according to the ninth message. The content of the policy information can refer to the content of the policy information discussed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8.

[0249] S902 and S905 are optional steps, which are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 9.

[0250] In the embodiment of the application, the PCF specifies the priority of different optimization target and network state combinations, so that the NWDAF can determine which combination of QoS parameter parameter information (which can also be referred to as recommendation result) to generate preferentially, without generating all combinations of recommendation results, and at the same time, the NWDAF can determine which other combination of recommendation result to generate preferentially according to the priority when it cannot generate the corresponding combination of recommendation result, so that the QoS parameter parameter information can be recommended for the combination with high priority as much as possible.

[0251] Next, taking the first network element as PCF1, the second network element as ADRF, the third network element as PCF2, the fourth network element as ADRF, and the first message including information for indicating the first network state as an example, the interaction between the network elements is exemplarily introduced.

[0252] Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a quality of service (QoS) parameter according to an embodiment of the present application. The steps involved in FIG. 10 are described as follows.

[0253] S1001, PCF1 sends a first message to NWDAF. Correspondingly, NWDAF receives the first message from PCF1. The first message is used to request at least one QoS parameter in a first time period, and further includes information indicating a first network state.

[0254] S1002, NWDAF determines parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0255] S1003, NWDAF sends a second message to PCF1. PCF1 receives the second message from NWDAF. The second message includes the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively.

[0256] S1004, PCF1 determines policy information according to the second message. The content of the policy information can refer to the content described in the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 3.

[0257] S1005, NWDAF sends a third message to ADRF. Correspondingly, ADRF receives the third message from NWDAF. The third message is used to request a second network element to store recommendation information. The recommendation information includes the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively and the information indicating the first network state. The content of the recommendation information can refer to the content of the recommendation information involved in the foregoing embodiment described in the foregoing embodiment, and the repeated parts are not listed.

[0258] S1006, ADRF sends a fourth message to NWDAF. Correspondingly, NWDAF receives the fourth message from ADRF. The fourth message includes information indicating a storage identifier corresponding to the recommendation information. Optionally, the fourth message further includes information indicating the first network state.

[0259] In another possible embodiment, S1005 and S1006 can be regarded as steps that must be performed. In this case, the steps in FIG. 10 other than S1005 and S1006 can be regarded as optional steps.

[0260] S1007, PCF2 sends a fifth message to NWDAF. Correspondingly, NWDAF receives the fifth message from PCF2. The fifth message indicates a request for recommending at least one QoS parameter in a second time period, and the fifth message includes information indicating the first network state. Optionally, the fifth message can further include a plurality of combination information and priorities of the plurality of combination information, and the content of the fifth message can refer to the content of the first message involved in the foregoing FIG. 3, which is not listed one by one here.

[0261] S1008, PCF2 receives the sixth message from the NWDAF. Correspondingly, the NWDAF receives the sixth message from the PCF2. The sixth message includes the information of the second network element and the information of the recommended identity. The information of the second network element can refer to the content of the information of the second network element involved in the embodiment discussed in the foregoing FIG. 3, and the repeated part will not be listed.

[0262] S1009, PCF2 sends a seventh message to the ADRF. Correspondingly, the ADRF receives the seventh message from the PCF2. The seventh message is used to request the recommended information corresponding to the recommended identity.

[0263] S1010, ADRF sends an eighth message to PCF2. Correspondingly, PCF2 receives the eighth message from ADRF. The eighth message includes the recommended information.

[0264] S1002, S1004, S1005 to S1010 are optional steps, which are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 10.

[0265] In another possible implementation, the NWDAF can obtain the recommended information from the ADRF based on the recommended identity, and directly feed back the recommended information to the PCF.

[0266] The embodiments of the present application store the generated recommended information into the ADRF through the NWDAF, and when other PCFs request the same recommended information, the corresponding recommended information can be directly retrieved from the ADRF based on the recommended identity, thereby avoiding the NWDAF from repeatedly generating the same recommended information and reducing the processing amount of the NWDAF.

[0267] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus. FIGS. 11 to 13 are possible structural schematic diagrams of the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application. These communication apparatuses can be used to implement the functions of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects possessed by the above-mentioned various method embodiments. In the embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be the first network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NEF, the AF or the PCF, etc. involved in FIG. 2, or the second network element involved in FIG. 1, or the ADRF involved in FIG. 2, or the third network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NEF, the AF or the PCF involved in FIG. 2, or the fourth network element involved in FIG. 1, or the NWDAF or the ReLF, etc. involved in FIG. 2.

[0268] The communication apparatus shown in FIG. 11 is described below. As shown in FIG. 11, the communication apparatus 1100 can include modules or units for implementing the above-described method embodiments. In one possible design, the communication apparatus 1100 includes a processing unit 1110 and a communication unit 1120. The communication unit 1120 is configured to perform transceiving operations, such as functions related to transmitting and receiving; the communication unit 1120 can be referred to as a transceiver; optionally, the communication unit 1120 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The processing unit 1110 is configured to perform processing operations. Alternatively, the communication unit 1120 can be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit 1120 is a transmitter and a receiver. Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 further includes a storage unit 1130. The storage unit 1130 is configured to store program codes or data of the apparatus. The storage unit 1130 is an optional unit, as shown in FIG. 11 by a dashed box.

[0269] In a first embodiment, the communication apparatus 1100 can be, or implement the functions of, the fourth network element in the above-described embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus is the fourth network element, or a communication module in the fourth network element, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the fourth network element.

[0270] For example, the communication apparatus 1100 can implement the functions of the fourth network element in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 8, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 9, and the NWDAF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10.

[0271] In the above-described embodiments, the communication unit 1120 is configured to receive the first message, and the communication unit 1120 is configured to send the second message.

[0272] The communication apparatus 1100 can also implement other steps performed by the fourth network element in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 8, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 9, and the NWDAF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10, which are not listed one by one here.

[0273] In a second embodiment, the communication apparatus 1100 can be, or implement the functions of, the first network element in the above-described embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus is the first network element, or a communication module in the first network element, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the first network element.

[0274] For example, the communication apparatus 1100 can implement the functions of the first network element in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the PCF involved in FIG. 8, the PCF involved in FIG. 9, and the PCF1 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10.

[0275] In the above-described embodiments, the communication unit 1120 is configured to send the first message, and receive the second message, etc.

[0276] The communication apparatus 1100 can also implement other steps performed by the first network element in the method embodiments of FIG. 3, the PCF involved in FIG. 9, the PCF1 or PCF2 in the method embodiments of FIG. 10, which are not listed one by one here.

[0277] In a third embodiment, the communication apparatus 1100 can be the second network element in the above embodiments, or implement the functions of the second network element in the above embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus is the second network element, or a communication module in the second network element, or a circuit or chip responsible for communication functions in the second network element.

[0278] For example, the communication apparatus 1100 can implement the functions of the ADRF in the method embodiments of FIG. 10.

[0279] In the above embodiments, the communication unit 1120 is configured to receive the third message, and transmit the fourth message, etc.

[0280] The communication apparatus 1100 can also implement other steps performed by the ADRF in the method embodiments of FIG. 10, which are not listed one by one here.

[0281] In a possible design, the functions of the communication apparatus 1100 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor can include a Modem chip, or a System on Chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip including a Modem core. The functions of the communication unit 1120 can be implemented by a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the functions of the processing unit 1110 can be implemented by a circuit system including one or more processors or processor cores in the above-mentioned chip. The functions of the communication unit 1120 can be implemented by an interface circuit or a data transceiver circuit on the above-mentioned chip.

[0282] It can be understood that the division of units in the above apparatus is only a logical functional division. Each function can correspond to a functional unit, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional unit. In actual implementation, all or part of the units can be integrated into one physical entity, or distributed on different physical entities. In addition, the functional units can be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or software depends on a specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions by different methods for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0283] In an example, the functional units in any of the above apparatuses can be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, for example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more DSPs, or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these forms of integrated circuits.

[0284] In an example, the storage unit 1130 can include a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, or the like.

[0285] The communication apparatus shown in FIG. 12 is described below. As shown in FIG. 12, the communication apparatus 1200 includes a processor 1210. Optionally, the communication apparatus 1200 further includes an interface circuit 1220 and a storage 1230. The processor 1210 and the interface circuit 1220 are coupled to each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 1220 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The storage 1230 is configured to store instructions executed by the processor 1210 or store input data required by the processor 1210 for executing instructions or store data generated after the processor 1210 executes instructions. The interface circuit 1220 and the storage 1230 are optional modules and are shown in a dashed box in FIG. 12. In addition, one processor 1210 and one storage 1230 are taken as an example in FIG. 12, and in fact, the number of the processor 1210 and the storage 1230 is not limited.

[0286] The communication apparatus 1200 is configured to implement the method embodiments shown in any of FIG. 3, FIG. 8 to FIG. 10. Optionally, the processor 1210 is configured to implement the functions of the processing unit 1110, and the interface circuit 1220 is configured to implement the functions of the communication unit 1120.

[0287] When the above communication apparatus 1200 is a chip applied to a certain network element (such as the fourth network element, the first network element, or the second network element), the apparatus chip implements the functions of the network element in the above method embodiments. The apparatus chip receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the network element, and the information is sent by another network element to the network element; or the apparatus chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the network element, and the information is sent by the network element to another network element. The communication apparatus 1200 here can be a baseband chip of a certain network element, or can be another module of a certain network element.

[0288] The processor 1210 can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. In addition, the memory involved in various embodiments of the present application can include a volatile memory (such as a random access memory (RAM)), and can also include a non-volatile memory (such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid state drive (SSD)).

[0289] The communication apparatus can be a processor (circuit) of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element, or a chip. The communication apparatus can be used to perform operations performed by the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above method embodiments.

[0290] For example, the communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions of the fourth network element in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 8, the NWDAF involved in FIG. 9, and the NWDAF in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 10.

[0291] Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions of the first network element in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the PCF involved in FIG. 8, the PCF involved in FIG. 9, and the PCF1 in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 10.

[0292] Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions of the ADRF in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 10.

[0293] As shown in FIG. 13, the communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310 and a transceiver 1330. The processor 1310 can also be referred to as a processing unit, a processing board, a processing module, a processing device, etc. The transceiver 1330 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving device, etc. The transceiver 1330 includes a transmitter 1331, a receiver 1332, and an antenna 1333. Optionally, the transceiver 1330 can also include a radio frequency circuit, an input / output device, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0294] Optionally, the devices in the transceiver 1330 for implementing the receiving function are regarded as a receiving module, and the devices in the transceiver 1330 for implementing the transmitting function are regarded as a transmitting module, i.e., the transceiver 1330 includes a receiver and a transmitter. The transceiver can also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiving module, or a transceiving circuit, etc. The receiver can also be referred to as a receiver, a receiving module, or a receiving circuit, etc. The transmitter can also be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitting module, or a transmitting circuit, etc.

[0295] Optionally, the communication device 1300 can also include a memory 1320, which can store computer program codes and / or data.

[0296] The processor 1310 is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, controlling the communication device 1300, executing software programs, processing data of the software programs, etc. The memory 1320 is mainly used for storing software programs and data. The radio frequency circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna 1333 is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. The input / output device, such as a touch screen, a display screen, a keyboard, etc., is mainly used for receiving data input by a user and outputting data to the user.

[0297] When data needs to be transmitted, the processor 1310 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit converts the baseband signal into a radio frequency signal, and transmits the radio frequency signal in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is transmitted to the communication device 1300, the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor 1310 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data. For the convenience of description, only one memory 1320, one processor 1310, and one transceiver 1330 are shown in FIG. 13. In actual terminal products, there can be one or more processors 1310 and one or more memories 1320. The memory 1320 can also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc. The memory 1320 can be arranged independently of the processor 1310, or can be integrated with the processor 1310, which is not limited herein.

[0298] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna and the radio frequency circuit with the transceiving function are regarded as the communication unit of the communication device 1300, and the processor with the processing function is regarded as the processing unit of the communication device 1300. The processor 1310 is configured to perform the processing actions of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 1330 is configured to perform the transceiving actions of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above embodiments.

[0299] When the communication device 1300 is a chip, the chip includes a processor and a transceiver. The transceiver can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface, and the processor can be a processing module integrated on the chip or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit. Optionally, the chip can further include a memory. The sending operation of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above method embodiments can be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the fourth network element, the first network element or the second network element in the above method embodiments can be understood as the input of the chip.

[0300] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication system. The communication system includes a fourth network element and a first network element. Optionally, the communication system further includes a second network element and / or a third network element. The fourth network element can implement the functions of the fourth network element in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the NWDAF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 8, the NWDAF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 9, and the NWDAF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10. The first network element can implement the functions of the first network element in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the PCF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 8, the PCF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 9, and the PCF1 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10. The second network element can implement the function of the ADRF in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10. The third network element can implement the function of the PCF2 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 10.

[0301] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip system. The chip system includes a processor and an interface. The processor is configured to call and run instructions from the interface. When the processor executes the instructions, the method embodiments shown in any one of FIG. 3, FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 are implemented.

[0302] The embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium for storing computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are run, the method embodiments shown in any one of FIG. 3, FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 are implemented.

[0303] The embodiments of the present application provide a program product. When the program product is run, the processor implements the method embodiments shown in any one of FIG. 3, FIG. 8 and FIG. 10. The program product is, for example, a computer program product, and specifically, for example, a computer program and / or instructions, etc. The processor can be installed on a computer or other equipment. The number of processors can be one or more, which is not limited.

[0304] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment or other programmable apparatus. The computer programs or instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer programs or instructions can be transferred from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired or wireless manner. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center and the like integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disc; a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk. The computer readable storage medium can be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or can include both volatile and non-volatile storage media.

[0305] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0306] The various digital numbers involved in the various embodiments of the present application are only used for differentiation for convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the execution order, and the execution order of the processes should be based on its function and inherent logic.

Claims

1. A method of determining a quality of service, QoS, parameter, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that, The method comprises: receiving a first message from a first network element, the first message being used for requesting to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period; sending a second message to the first network element, the second message comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively being determined based on a first network state, the first network state being a network state in the first time period.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first message comprises information indicating a request for recommending a QoS parameter, and information used for requesting to recommend the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first message comprises information indicating the first network state.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second message comprises N groups of parameter information, wherein each group of the parameter information comprises parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, N being a positive integer.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The second message further comprises information of priorities corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first message comprises candidate M groups of parameter information, any one group of the parameter information in the M groups of parameter information comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, M being a positive integer; The second message comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively comprises that the second message comprises target group parameter information, the target group parameter information being at least one group of the M groups of parameter information.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first message further comprises information indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be achieved by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively; The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The first message further comprises information indicating a first priority corresponding to the first optimization target and the first network state, information indicating a second optimization target, information indicating a second network state, and information indicating a second priority corresponding to the second optimization target and the second network state, the first priority being lower than the second priority, the second network state being a network state in the first time period, the second optimization target being a second target expected to be achieved by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively; The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state after it is determined that there is no parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively satisfying the second optimization target and the second network state.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending a third message to a second network element, the third message being used for requesting the second network element to store recommendation information, the recommendation information comprising the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively and information indicating the first network state; receiving a fourth message from the second network element, the fourth message comprising information indicating a storage identifier corresponding to the recommendation information.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a fifth message from a third network element, the fifth message being used for requesting to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a second time period, the fifth message comprising information used for indicating the first network status; sending a sixth message to the third network element, the sixth message comprising information of the second network element and information of the stored identifier.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The recommendation information further comprises: information used for indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be achieved by the first network element using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period respectively; and / or priority information corresponding to N groups of parameter information respectively, wherein each group of the parameter information comprises parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period respectively, and the N is a positive integer.

12. A method of determining a quality of service, QoS, parameter, c h a r a c t e r i s e d i n that The method comprises: sending a first message, the first message being used for requesting to recommend at least one QoS parameter in a first time period; receiving a second message, the second message comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively being determined based on a first network status, and the first network status being a network status in the first time period.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first message comprises information used for indicating a request for recommending a QoS parameter, and information used for requesting to recommend the at least one QoS parameter in the first time period.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first message comprises information used for indicating the first network status.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12-14, characterized in that, The second message comprises N groups of parameter information, wherein each group of the parameter information comprises parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, and the N is a positive integer.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The second message further comprises information of priority corresponding to the N groups of parameter information respectively.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12-16, characterized by, The first message comprises M groups of candidate parameter information, any one group of the parameter information in the M groups of parameter information comprising parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively, and the M being a positive integer. The second message comprising the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter comprises that the second message comprises target group parameter information, and the target group parameter information being at least one group of the M groups of parameter information.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12-17, characterized in that, The first message further comprises information used for indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be achieved by using the parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively. The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network status.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first message further comprises information indicating a first priority corresponding to the first optimization target and the first network state, information indicating a second optimization target, information indicating a second network state, information indicating a second priority corresponding to the second optimization target and the second network state, the first priority being lower than the second priority, the second network state being a network state in the first time period, and the second optimization target being a second target expected to be achieved by the first network element after using parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively; The parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively is determined based on the first optimization target and the first network state after determining that there is no parameter information corresponding to the at least one QoS parameter respectively satisfying the second optimization target and the second network state.

20. A method of communication, comprising: The method comprises: receiving a third message, the third message being used for requesting to store recommendation information, the recommendation information comprising parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter respectively and information indicating a first network state; sending a fourth message, the fourth message comprising information indicating a recommendation identifier corresponding to the recommendation information.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a seventh message, the seventh message comprising information indicating the recommendation identifier; sending an eighth message, the eighth message comprising the recommendation information.

22. The method of claim 20 or 21, wherein, The recommendation information further comprises: information indicating a first optimization target, the first optimization target being a first target expected to be achieved by a first network element after using parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter in a first time period respectively; and / or priority information corresponding to N groups of parameter information respectively, each group of parameter information comprising parameter information corresponding to at least one QoS parameter in a first time period respectively, N being a positive integer.

23. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises: a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-11; or a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 12-19; or a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 20-22.

24. A communications device, characterized by comprises one or more processors for executing computer programs or instructions in a memory, so that the communication apparatus implements the method according to any one of claims 1-11, or implements the method according to any one of claims 12-19, or implements the method according to any one of claims 20-22.

25. A program product, characterized by When the program product is executed, the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1-11, or implements the method according to any one of claims 12-19, or implements the method according to any one of claims 20-22.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores computer programs or instructions, when the computer programs or instructions are executed by the communication apparatus, the method according to any one of claims 1-11 is implemented, or the method according to any one of claims 12-19 is implemented, or the method according to any one of claims 20-22 is implemented.

Images