Intraocular lens and method for producing an intraocular lens

Abstract

The invention relates to an intraocular lens (10) comprising an optical body (11) and haptic elements (12) which are disposed on the optical body (11), wherein: a surface (14) of at least some of the haptic elements (12) has periodic surface structures (13) which are provided with recesses (60) at least in some portions; the recesses (60) are produced by means of a laser interference pattern (9); the recesses (60) have a width in a range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface (14) has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°; the surface (14) of the at least some haptic elements has superposed surface structures (15) which are formed from the periodic surface structures (13) provided with recesses (60) at least in some portions. The invention further relates to a method for producing an intraocular lens (10).

Description

[0001]Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our Ref: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Intraocular Lens and Method for Manufacturing an Intraocular Lens The invention relates to an intraocular lens and a method for manufacturing an intraocular lens. Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are medical implants used to treat cataracts. In cataracts, the lens in the patient's eye becomes cloudy. This condition is quite common, especially in older people, with the average age for the development of cataracts being around 60 years. By surgery and replacing the cloudy lens with an IOL, the patient's vision can be restored. IOLs consist of a biomaterial, usually acrylates or silicones, which is hydrophilic or hydrophobic.They are available in various designs and generally feature an optical zone (optical body) in the center, surrounded by elements for fixation (haptics) within the capsular bag. Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is typically performed using a specially designed injector. The IOL is placed flat into a holding device of the injector and rolled up within the injector before implantation. This can be achieved, for example, by closing the injector's halves after the IOL has been inserted flat. The rolled-up IOL is then moved into a tubular injection tip using a plunger of the injector, and the injection tip, inserted through an opening into the capsular bag, is implanted into the capsular bag. Implantation is facilitated by the use of a lubricant (ophthalmic viscoelastic device, OVD). Once in the capsular bag, the lens unrolls or...The intraocular lens unfolds and returns to its original flat shape, whereby the haptics must detach from the optical body. US 2004 / 0199174 A1 describes a device that is part of an injection system for injecting a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) into a human eye. The device includes a hinged section with two pivotally connected hemispheres that can be pivoted from an open initial position to a closed final position. A leaf-shaped band loop is provided, which is attached to the first hemisphere at one end and is slidably guided on the second hemisphere. In the open initial position, an receiving space for the IOL is created between the band loop and the two hemispheres. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025By pulling on the sliding strap loop, the two halves of the lens can be moved towards their final position. The strap loop enables reliable and gentle folding of the IOL. Simultaneously, it allows the unfolded IOL to be stored in the folded position. US 11452594 A1 describes an intraocular lens comprising an optical portion and a haptic portion extending from the optical portion, wherein a pattern of ridges and grooves is formed on the optical portion and / or the haptic portion, each groove exhibiting a nanostructure roughness.A method for manufacturing an intraocular lens is also provided, the method comprising: inserting a workpiece comprising an optical section and at least one haptic section extending from the optical section; forming a predetermined pattern for guiding cells by performing laser irradiation on the haptic and demoptic sections to form grooves with a nanostructured surface roughness in the predetermined pattern formed by laser beams, wherein the surface of each of the grooves has an average roughness of less than 200 nm.US 11109959 A1 describes an intraocular lens comprising an optical section having a circular shape from one side and comprising a first pattern comprising a ridge and a groove, and several haptic sections extending from an outer circumferential edge of the optical section, each comprising a second pattern comprising a ridge and a groove, wherein at least one of the ridges and at least one of the grooves in the first and second patterns comprise a section in which a width is formed differently. Monan Liu et al., Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Surfaces via Laser-Structuring, Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol. 8, Article 835, October 2020, doi: 10.3389 / fchem.2020.00835, describes several methods for structuring surfaces using laser irradiation. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.Alexander Peter et al., Direct laser interference patterning of stainless steel by ultrashort pulses for antibacterial surfaces, Optics and Laser Technology 123, 105954, 2020, https: / / doi.org / 10.1016 / j.optlastec.2019.105954, describes the formation of two-dimensional surface structures using a one-dimensional laser interference pattern. The invention is based on the objective of creating an intraocular lens and a method for manufacturing an intraocular lens in which the unrolling or unfolding of the intraocular lens after implantation in the capsular bag is improved. According to the invention, this objective is achieved by an intraocular lens with the features of claim 1, a method with the features of claim 12, and a method with the features of claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.One of the fundamental concepts of the invention is to provide the surface of at least a portion of the haptics of an intraocular lens with a periodic surface structure, at least partially featuring recesses, such that the surface exhibits hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100° (in water). A contact angle of >120° is preferred. It is provided that the recesses are generated by means of a laser interference pattern, with the recesses having a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm. This reduces or even completely prevents the haptics from adhering to themselves or to the optical body when rolled up. This allows for improved unrolling and / or...Unfolding of the intraocular lens, which is introduced into the capsular bag in a rolled-up state via the injection tip, is facilitated by a significantly reduced coefficient of static friction on the surface of the haptic, allowing the intraocular lens and, in particular, the haptics to return unhindered to their original flat state. A further advantage of the invention is that a coating of the haptics to improve unrolling or unfolding can be completely dispensed with. In particular, an additional coating material is unnecessary. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025In particular, in a first aspect of the invention, an intraocular lens is created comprising an optical body and haptics arranged on the optical body, wherein a surface of at least a part of the haptics has periodic surface structures provided with recesses at least sectionally, wherein the recesses were generated by means of a laser interference pattern, wherein the recesses have a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°.Furthermore, in a second aspect of the invention, a method for manufacturing an intraocular lens is provided, comprising: providing an intraocular lens blank, processing a surface of at least a part of the haptics of the provided intraocular lens blank by means of a laser which generates a laser interference pattern, wherein periodic surface structures provided with recesses are formed on the surface at least sectionally by means of the laser interference pattern, wherein the recesses have a width which is in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, so that the surface has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°, providing the processed intraocular lens blank as an intraocular lens.Furthermore, a third aspect specifically provides a method for manufacturing an intraocular lens, comprising: providing a negative mold for forming an intraocular lens; processing the surface of at least a portion of an area of ​​the negative mold corresponding to the haptics of the intraocular lens using a laser that generates a laser interference pattern, whereby periodic surface structures with raised areas are formed on the surface at least section by section using the laser interference pattern, the raised areas having a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that a surface molded from this has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°; molding an intraocular lens using the processed negative mold; and providing the intraocular lens. The processing is carried out using a laser interference pattern.This allows for the creation of particularly regular surface structures that exhibit the same structural properties over a large area. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 In particular, the deviation in parallelism of the grooves formed by the recesses (in one-dimensional surface structures) is very small compared to surface structures produced, for example, by direct laser writing (DLW), since the interference pattern is transferred to the surface through material removal. This occurs primarily through the interaction of the laser with the material and the formation of an electron plasma. The laser's energy is absorbed by the material. The material vaporizes, leaving behind an image of the laser beam, especially the laser interference pattern. Furthermore, electrons are released during the interaction, forming a plasma.The electron plasma can also contribute to surface structuring, depending on the laser power used. It is specifically intended that the recesses are created by material removal; that is, the recesses are the result of (periodic) material removal. In particular, it is intended that the periodic surface structures are formed by the recesses. Even with two-dimensional surface structures, the deviations between the surface structures are very small compared to surface structures produced, for example, by laser laser technology (DLW). "Sectionally periodic" is intended to indicate that at least one period of the periodic surface structures is the same within a (surface) section. However, the periods of different sections can differ. As a material for the intraocular lens, or...For example, poly(HEMA) can be used for the intraocular lens blank. However, other suitable materials can also be used. In particular, it can be provided that the laser interference pattern is generated using Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP). Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) is a technology that uses the principle of light interference to generate periodic micropatterns on a selected surface by laser irradiation. To obtain these structures, light emitted by a laser must be split, and the interaction of the two light paths then forms an interference pattern. DLIP can be applied to many different types of surfaces and can be used to modify the geometry as well as the optical and chemical properties. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025The technique is described in more detail in the aforementioned scientific publication by Monin Liu et al. More than two laser beams, for example three or more, can also be superimposed to generate the light interference pattern. To achieve the hydrophobic properties, it is specifically planned to generate the periodic surface structures using DLIP. The following methods and parameters can be used for the laser interference pattern or surface structures, for example: - 2-beam DLIP; width of the recesses: 1 µm to 4 µm; period of the surface structures: 1.5 µm to 40 µm, preferably 1.5 µm to 9 µm; depth: 0.5 µm to 40 µm; aspect ratio (depth to period): 0.3 to 2. In one embodiment, it is provided that the periodic surface structures, which are at least partially provided with recesses, are designed such that the surface has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >150°.This further reduces the risk of the haptic surfaces sticking to surfaces. In one embodiment, the haptic surfaces are provided with periodic surface structures, at least partially featuring recesses, across their entire surface. This reduces or even prevents sticking across the entire surface of the haptic surfaces, further improving unrolling and unfolding. The term "entire surface" is intended to include, in particular, at least the surfaces lying in a plane with the optical body (i.e., specifically a top and bottom surface of the haptic surfaces). Preferably, however, the side surfaces of the haptic surfaces are also provided with a periodic surface structure. It is possible for the period to be the same across the entire surface.In one embodiment, it is provided that at least a portion of the periodic surface structures with recesses are formed as grooves or furrows extending perpendicular to the direction of extension of the haptics. This allows, in addition to achieving hydrophobic properties, the proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs), which remain in the capsular bag after lens removal and can lead to secondary cataracts (posterior capsular opacification, PCO). The furrows or grooves, formed perpendicular to the direction of extension of the haptics, particularly perpendicular to an edge of the haptics, hinder or even prevent the proliferation of lens epithelial cells in the direction of extension and thus, in particular, towards the optical body.In the manufacturing process, the grooves or furrows are formed accordingly, with the laser being positioned and / or oriented as appropriate. In one embodiment, at least some of the periodic surface structures with recesses are designed as two-dimensional periodic structures. The two-dimensional surface structures can, for example, comprise columns. This allows for larger contact angles, thus increasing hydrophobicity. The two-dimensional surface structures can be produced, in particular, using DLIP.The following methods and parameters can be used, for example, for a hydrophobic surface: - 2 x 2-beam DLIP (two individual structures with a 90° rotation); recess width: 1 µm to 4 µm; surface structure period: 2 µm to 40 µm, preferably 2 µm to 9 µm; depth: 0.5 µm to 40 µm; aspect ratio: 0.2 to 2; multi-beam DLIP (at least 3-beam DLIP); recess width: 1 µm to 10 µm; Period of surface structures: 3 µm to 40 µm; preferably 5 µm to 15 µm; Depth: 0.5 µm to 40 µm; Aspect ratio (depth to period): 0.3 to 2; Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG; Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025; It is intended that the surface of at least one part comprises higher-order surface structures formed from the periodic surface structures, which are at least partially provided with recesses.This allows for the creation of not only hydrophobicity of the surface but also higher-level structures that fulfill further functions, for example, acting as a diffusion and / or growth barrier against the spread of LEC, as already known from the aforementioned US 11452594 A1. "Higher-level" here means, in particular, that the higher-level surface structures are composed of periodic surface structures that are at least partially provided with recesses. The dimensions of the higher-level surface structures are, in particular, larger than those of the periodic surface structures that are at least partially provided with recesses.The higher-level surface structures are generated in particular by single-step processing using a laser, specifically using a laser interference pattern, and especially using DLIP, wherein the position of the laser, and especially the laser interference pattern, is changed to a different, particularly adjacent, position after each local processing step. The higher-level surface structures can, in particular, have geometric shapes such as lines, rectangles, crosses, etc. It can be provided that the area density of the periodic surface structures, which are at least partially provided with recesses, is selected differently for different parts of the surface. This allows various surface properties (e.g., anchoring and cell rejection) to be combined with spatial resolution.The areal density is defined in particular by the period; that is, the smaller the period, the greater the areal density, and vice versa. It may also be provided that a type of periodic surface structure, at least partially provided with recesses, is selected or has been selected differently for different parts of the surface. For example, the periodic surface structures may form lines in one part, while in another part they may form a periodic arrangement of columns or protrusions. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 In one embodiment, it is provided that at least a part of the higher-level surface structures is arranged perpendicular to a direction of extension of the haptics at a given position.This allows for the creation of additional barriers along the direction of extension of the haptics and along which the LECs would also propagate. These barriers hinder the propagation of the LECs because they would have to overcome the respective higher-level surface structures to propagate in the direction of extension and thus towards the optical body. It can be provided that at least one group of higher-level surface structures is or is arranged perpendicular to a direction of extension of the haptics at a given position. However, it can also be provided that all higher-level surface structures are or are arranged perpendicular to a direction of extension of the haptics at a given position. In one embodiment, at least some of the higher-level surface structures are arrow-shaped.This allows the direction in which LECs propagate to be influenced or predetermined. In particular, a multitude of successively arranged higher-order surface structures, each with an arrow shape, are formed on the haptics. The arrow points in the direction of propagation and especially towards the optical body. Due to this angled arrow shape, the LECs grow laterally along the arrow shape and thus away from the optical body, so that their propagation towards the optical body can at least be slowed down. In one embodiment, it is provided that at least some of the higher-order surface structures form square structures and / or intersecting or angled structures.This can further slow down or even prevent the spread of LECs, as propagation along the surface in all directions can be slowed. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the higher-level surface structures is provided that it displays at least one human- and / or machine-readable piece of information. This allows information, such as technical or manufacturing-related information, or information used to ensure anti-counterfeiting protection or to identify the intraocular lens or a patient, to be applied directly to the intraocular blank or the intraocular lens. The higher-level surface structures can display this information, for example, as alphanumeric characters or strings, as a barcode, and / or as a QR code.During processing, the laser, specifically the laser interference pattern, is moved across the surface to generate at least one piece of information that is readable by humans and / or machines. It is possible to have multiple (especially logical) layers of surface structures. For example, three layers may be provided. A first layer comprises the periodic surface structures, which are at least partially provided with cutouts. A second layer comprises the first layer, but the type (e.g., lines or raised areas) and / or density of the periodic surface structures varies for different parts of the surface. On a third layer, which specifically includes the second layer, the at least one piece of information and / or the aforementioned structures can be generated or already generated by means of the higher-level surface structures.In one embodiment, a surface of a region surrounding the optical body of the intraocular lens blank also features periodic surface structures, at least in sections, with recesses. This reduces the influence of positive dysphotopsia on the intraocular lens carrier. In particular, a surface in the surrounding region can be structured to reduce light scattering. Specifically, surface structures with a large height-to-width ratio (i.e., especially "wall-like" structures) and surface structures that run parallel to an outer curvature of the (circular) optical body can be created. Since the optical body is, in particular, non-planar, the focus must be adjusted accordingly when the laser, especially the laser interference pattern, is applied to compensate for the curvature.Alternatively or additionally, an area within the intraocular lens blank, for example, an area within the optical body, particularly in the edge region, can also be processed. For this purpose, an interference plane is placed within the optical body during processing. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our Ref: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 In one embodiment, it is provided that the periodic surface structures, which are at least partially provided with recesses, have harmonic profiles. This allows for a particularly uniform surface structuring over larger surface areas to achieve the hydrophobic properties. The harmonic profiles of the periodic surface structures can only be generated using a laser interference pattern. A DLW method, on the other hand, generates profiles that correspond to the course of a Gaussian function.The harmonic profiles can be described by linear combinations of sine and cosine functions and can be verified and / or detected, in particular, using micro-computed tomography and white-light interferometry or another imaging technique for capturing the surface structure. Mathematically, the periodic surface structures produced by the laser interference pattern with the harmonic profiles can be described by a linear combination of sine and cosine functions. Here, Px and Py are the respective periods in the x and y directions; Anm, Bnm, Cnm, and Dnm are the amplitudes of the different harmonic components; n and m define the integer order of the harmonic function. For certain patterns, it can be advantageous to shift the phases along the corresponding spatial direction using an extra term. Micro-computed tomography, white-light interferometry, or another imaging technique can be used to determine whether the periodic surface structures exhibit a harmonic profile. For example, a criterion for a given area (e.g., a circle with a diameter of 5 µm or 10 µm) can be a deviation of the actual profile from the equation above of no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5%, in order to determine and / or verify the harmonic profile.In particular, such a harmonic profile can only be generated by means of a laser interference pattern. In other words, if the periodic surface structure can be described within the specified tolerance using the aforementioned equation, the structure exhibits harmonic profiles and was generated by means of a laser interference pattern. Further features for the design of the methods will become apparent from the description of embodiments of the intraocular lens. The advantages of the methods are the same as those of the embodiments of the intraocular lens. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments and the figures. Here, Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the intraocular lens and a detail of a haptic surface in a top view and a cross-sectional view; Fig.2 A schematic representation of a second embodiment of the intraocular lens and a detail of a haptic surface in a top and a side view; Fig. 3 A schematic representation of a third embodiment of the intraocular lens and a detail of a haptic surface in a top and a side view; Fig. 4 A schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of the intraocular lens and a detail of a haptic surface in a top and a side view; Figs. 5a to 5d Schematic representations of a haptic surface of a fifth, sixth and seventh embodiment of the intraocular lens; Fig. 6 A schematic representation to illustrate a change in position of the laser interference pattern to form arrow-shaped higher-order structures; Fig. 7 A schematic representation of a haptic surface of an eighth and ninth embodiment of the intraocular lens; Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our Ref: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of a tenth embodiment of the intraocular lens; Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method according to the second aspect; Figure 10 shows a schematic representation to illustrate Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP); Figure 11 shows a schematic representation to illustrate a change in the position of the laser interference pattern for processing the surface of an intraocular lens blank; Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the method according to the third aspect. Figure 1 shows, in the left area, a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first embodiment of an intraocular lens 10 according to the invention in a top view. The intraocular lens 10 has an optical body 11 and haptics 12 in the form of arms arranged laterally on the optical body 11. In the right area of ​​the figure,Figure 1 shows a detail of a surface of the haptic 12 in a top view, and above this view, this detail is shown in a side view. It is provided that a surface 14 of at least a portion of the haptics 12 has periodic surface structures 13, at least sectionally provided with recesses 60. The recesses 60 were generated by means of a laser interference pattern 9 (Fig. 10), wherein the recesses 60 have a width B in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface 14 exhibits hydrophobic properties for a water droplet W with a contact angle α > 100°. In the example shown, the periodic surface structures 13 are designed as one-dimensional surface structures. In particular, the recesses 60 form the periodic surface structures 13.For example, the period of the surface structures 13 lies between 1.5 µm and 40 µm, and the depth of the surface structures 13 lies between 0.5 µm and 40 µm with an aspect ratio of 0.3 to 2. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 It may be provided that the haptics 12 are fully covered with the periodic surface structures 13, which are at least partially provided with recesses 60. Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the intraocular lens 10, which is basically designed like the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. In this embodiment, it is provided that the periodic surface structures 13, which are at least partially provided with recesses 60, are designed in such a way that the surface 14 has hydrophobic properties for a water droplet W with a contact angle of α >150°.For example, the period of the surface structures 13 lies between 1.5 µm and 4.5 µm, and the depth of the surface structures 13 lies between 1 µm and 5 µm, preferably between 3 µm and 5 µm, with an aspect ratio of 0.5-2. It can be provided that at least a portion of the periodic surface structures 13, provided with recesses 60, are designed as grooves or furrows extending perpendicular to a direction of extension 16 (Figs. 5b to 5d) of the haptics 12. Figures 3 and 4 show further embodiments of the intraocular lens 10. The embodiments are basically designed like the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, in these embodiments, at least a portion of the periodic surface structures 13 provided with recesses 60 are designed as two-dimensional periodic structures.Figure 3 schematically shows two-dimensional periodic surface structures 13 with recesses 60, resulting in a hydrophobic surface 14. Figure 4 schematically shows two-dimensional periodic surface structures 13 with recesses 60 and a hydrophobic surface 14 with a contact angle of α > 150°. The two-dimensional surface structures 13 with recesses 60 shown in Figure 3 can be produced, for example, by means of a two-dimensional laser interference pattern, for example, by DLIP. This can be done, for example, by means of a 2 x 2-beam DLIP, in which two individual structuring steps are carried out with a linear laser interference pattern, wherein a rotation of the linear [Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.]The surface structures 13 are produced by means of a laser interference pattern rotated by 90°, with a period of the surface structures 13 between 2 µm and 40 µm, preferably between 2 µm and 9 µm, and a depth between 0.5 µm and 40 µm with an aspect ratio of 0.2 to 2. Alternatively, the surface structures 13 can be produced by means of multi-beam DLIP (at least 3-beam DLIP), with a period of the surface structures 13 between 3 µm and 40 µm, preferably between 5 µm and 15 µm, and a depth between 0.5 µm and 40 µm with an aspect ratio of 0.3 to 2. The two-dimensional surface structures 13 with recesses 60 shown in Fig. 4 can also be produced by means of a two-dimensional laser interference pattern. for example via DLIP.This can be achieved, for example, using a 2 x 2 beam DLIP, in which two individual structuring steps are performed with a linear laser interference pattern, with a rotation of the linear laser interference pattern by 90° before the second structuring step, with a period of the surface structures 13 between 5 µm and 15 µm and a depth between 0.5 µm and 40 µm with an aspect ratio of 0.2-2. Alternatively, the surface structures 13 can be produced using multi-beam DLIP (at least 3-beam DLIP), with a period of the surface structures 13 between 3 µm and 10 µm and a depth between 1 µm and 6 µm with an aspect ratio of 0.3-2. It is provided that the surface 14 of at least one part comprises superior surface structures 15 (Figures 5b to 5d) which are formed from the periodic surface structures 13 provided at least partially with recesses 60.This is schematically illustrated by several embodiments in Figures 5a to 5d. Figure 5a shows, for comparison, an unprocessed haptic surface 12, i.e., one without any surface structures 13, 15. Figures 5b to 5d show haptic surfaces 12 with superordinate surface structures 15. Figure 5b illustrates that the superordinate surface structures 15 are composed of the periodic surface structures 13 provided with the recesses 60. In the example shown in Fig. 5b, the higher-level surface structures 15 form linear barriers on the haptic surface 12, wherein the higher-level surface structures 15 themselves consist of two-dimensionally structured periodic surface structures 13 provided with recesses 60, for example, regularly arranged protrusions 30, which are formed in particular by means of the recesses 60. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025The higher-order surface structures 15 are formed, in particular, by changing and / or scanning positions of the laser interference pattern 9, as will be explained below with reference to Fig. 11. It can be provided that at least a part of the higher-order surface structures 15 is arranged, or is arranged, at a respective position perpendicular to a (particularly local) extension direction 16 of the haptics 12. This embodiment is shown schematically in Fig. 5b. The orientation of the lines and / or barriers formed from the higher-order surface structures 15 follows, in particular, a curvature of the haptic 12. It can be provided that at least a part of the higher-order surface structures 15 forms square structures 17 and / or intersecting or angled structures 18. This embodiment is shown schematically in Fig. 5c.The embodiment is designed in particular as the embodiment shown in Fig. 5b. In addition, further straight lines are formed on the surface 14, arranged at right angles or at an angle to the straight lines of the higher-level surface structures 15 of Fig. 5b, so that the higher-level surface structures 15 form square structures 17 and / or intersecting or angularly intersecting structures 18. It may be provided that at least a part of the higher-level surface structures 15 is or is formed in an arrow shape. This embodiment is illustrated schematically in Fig. 5d. An arrowhead 19 is oriented in particular in a direction of extension 16 of the haptic surface 12 and in the direction of an optical body (not shown).In the case of using a one-dimensional laser interference pattern 9, it is particularly provided that the laser interference pattern 9 is reoriented during processing at the position of the arrowhead 19, i.e., rotated by an angle, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 6, so that the one-dimensional course of the periodic surface structures 13 forms barriers parallel to the shape of the arrow. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Fig. 7 shows a haptic 12 of a further embodiment of the intraocular lens 10. In this embodiment, it is provided that at least a part of the higher-level surface structures 15 forms at least one human- and / or machine-readable information 20. Here, the higher-level surface structures 15 are formed from the periodic surface structures 13 in such a way that the information 20 (especially graphically) is or becomes formed. Fig.Figure 7 shows two examples: the left example shows a section of a barcode 21, the right example a letter 22 formed by the higher-order surface structure 15 (in the example in the shape of a "Z"). In principle, other characters, strings, symbols, codes, and the like can also be formed. The formation is achieved by appropriately positioning the laser, in particular the laser interference pattern, on the surface during processing. Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the intraocular lens 10. In this embodiment, a surface of a region 23 surrounding the optical body 11 of the intraocular lens 10 also has periodic surface structures, at least partially provided with recesses. The surrounding region 23 can be structured, in particular, to reduce positive dysphotopsia.Furthermore, in one embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one part comprises an edge region 24 of the haptics 12 of the intraocular lens blank 10, wherein the surface of the at least one part of the edge region 24 is structured to increase rotational stability. In particular, the surface in the edge region 24 is structured during machining in such a way that interaction with a surface of the capsular bag is increased. For this purpose, for example, the surface roughness can be increased and structures with a large aspect ratio (height to width) can be formed on the surface in the edge region 24. It can be provided, in particular, that the periodic surface structures 13, which are at least partially provided with recesses, have harmonic profiles. This is achieved, in particular, by producing the periodic surface structures 13 using the laser interference pattern, especially by DLIP.Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our Ref: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Figure 9 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing an intraocular lens. In process step 100, an intraocular lens blank is provided. This intraocular lens blank is, in particular, a fully functional intraocular lens that would be ready for use; only the processing according to the manner described in this disclosure is lacking. The intraocular lens blank itself can be manufactured, for example, by turning a blank or by molding using a negative casting mold in a manner known per se. The intraocular lens blank comprises an optical body and haptics that extend away from the optical body and serve to anchor the intraocular lens in a capsular bag.In process step 101, the surface of at least a portion of the provided intraocular lens blank is processed using a laser that generates a laser interference pattern. This laser interference pattern creates periodic surface structures on the surface, at least partially with recesses. The recesses have a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, resulting in a hydrophobic surface with a contact angle of >100°. The processing can be carried out, in particular, using a laser interference pattern. It is provided that higher-level surface structures are formed on the surface of the at least portion, which are composed of the periodic surface structures with recesses. In process step 102, the processed intraocular lens blank is provided as an intraocular lens.In process step 101, it may be provided that the laser interference pattern is generated by means of Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP). The principle of DLIP (for a 2-beam DLIP) is shown schematically in Fig. 10. Starting from a laser radiation source 2 of a laser device 1, a coherent laser beam 3 is generated, split into two coherent partial beams 3-1, 3-2 by means of a diffractive optical element 4, which are directed onto a prism 5 for a change of direction and from there focused by means of a lens 6 onto a focal plane 7. Here, the partial beams 3-1 and 3-2 are crossed in an interference plane 8, where the interference plane 8 lies in front of the focus plane 7 with respect to one direction of propagation. The machining of the surface of the intraocular lens blank takes place in the interference plane 8, where the two partial beams 3-1 and 3-2 are superimposed.At the point of superposition in the interference plane 8, an interference pattern 9 (linear in the example shown) is formed. This interference pattern 9 leads to periodic material removal from the surface of the intraocular lens blank, thereby forming the recesses. This transfers the interference pattern 9 into the surface. The laser device 1 is, in particular, part of a device 50, which, in addition to the laser device 1, also includes a control device 51 that controls the laser device 1. The control can also include setting a position of the superimposed partial beams 3-1, 3-2. Furthermore, the device 50 includes a holding device 52 for holding the intraocular lens blank. In order to process areas by means of the laser interference pattern 9 that are larger than the crossed partial beams 3-1, 3-2 in the interference plane 7, a position of the partial beams 3-1, 3-2 is changed together, as is schematically illustrated in Fig. 11.Alternatively, the position of the intraocular blank can be shifted while the position of the partial beams 3-1, 3-2 at the location of the interference plane 7 is kept constant. The position of the intraocular blank can be changed, for example, by means of a positioning stage (not shown). In other words, the laser interference pattern 9 can be guided directly or indirectly across the surface of the intraocular blank to be processed, in particular by rasterization. The surface is modified, in particular ablated, by means of the energy introduced via the laser interference pattern 9. The respective intensity at different positions of the laser interference pattern 9 determines the extent of ablation, so that the laser interference pattern 9 is structurally transferred into the surface.If more than two partial beams 3-1, 3-2 are superimposed, which is possible, for example, by a suitably designed diffractive optical element 4 and a suitably adapted prism 5, the interference pattern 9 exhibits two-dimensional structures (e.g., offset rows of maxima and minima). Figures 1 to 4 show schematic representations, which also illustrate embodiments of the method. The figures show, by way of example, an intraocular lens 10 with an optical body 11 and, extending outwards from it, haptics 12.In process step 101, it is provided that, during the processing of at least one part in the area of ​​the haptics 12 using the laser, which generates a laser interference pattern 9, periodic surface structures 13 with recesses are produced at least section by section, wherein the recesses have a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface 14 has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°. In particular, the width, period, and height or depth of the periodic surface structures 13 are selected such that the surface 14 has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°. It may be provided that the periodic surface structures 13 with recesses are designed such that the surface 14 has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >150°.In particular, the width, period, and height or depth of the periodic surface structures 13 are chosen such that the surface 14 exhibits hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >150°. Figures 1 and 2 each show a surface 14 on which linear or one-dimensional surface structures 13 are formed or are formed. The linear surface structures 13 are generated in particular by superimposing two partial beams 3-1, 3-2 (Fig. 10). Figures 3 and 4 each show a surface 14 on which two-dimensional surface structures 13 are formed. The two-dimensional surface structures 13 can be generated in particular by superimposing three or more partial beams 3-1, 3-2 (Fig. 10) or, alternatively, by superimposing two partial beams 3-1, 3-2 (Fig. 10) and using a linear laser interference pattern 9 (Fig. 10) twice, which is rotated by 90° in the second application (cf.Alexander Peter et al.). Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Fig. 12 shows a schematic flowchart to illustrate the process according to the third aspect. In process step 200, a negative mold is provided for forming an intraocular lens. In process step 201, a surface of at least a part of an area of ​​the negative mold corresponding to haptics of the intraocular lens is processed by means of a laser which generates a laser interference pattern, whereby periodic surface structures with raised areas are formed on the surface, at least in sections, wherein the raised areas have a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that a surface molded from this has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°.In this process, at least sectionally periodic surface structures and / or higher-order surface structures (as negatives) are formed, such as those already described above by way of example. It is provided that higher-order surface structures are formed on the surface of at least one part, which are formed from the periodic surface structures that are at least sectionally provided with elevations. In process step 202, an intraocular lens is molded using the machined negative mold. The molding using a negative mold is carried out in a manner known per se. The elevations in the negative mold create recesses in the molded intraocular lens. In process step 203, the intraocular lens is provided.Further embodiments of the method have already been described with reference to the intraocular lens and the method according to the second aspect and apply analogously to the method according to the third aspect. Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Reference numeral list 1 Laser device 2 Laser radiation source 3 Laser beam 3-1 Partial beam 3-2 Partial beam 4 Diffractive optical element (DOE). 5 Prisma 6 Linse 7 Focus plane 8 Interference plane 9 Laser interference pattern 10 Intraocular lens 11 Optical body 12 Haptik13 Periodic surface structures 14 Surface 15 Superior surface structures 16 Direction of extension 17 Square structures 18 Structures intersecting at an angle 19 Arrowhead 20 Information 21 Barcode 22 Letter 23 Circumferential area 24 Edge of haptics 30 Raising 50 Device 51 Control device 52 Holding device 60 Recess 100-102 Process steps of the procedure 200-203 Process steps of the procedure according to the third aspect Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025B WidthW Water dropletα Contact angle

Claims

Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Patent claims 1. Intraocular lens (10) comprising: an optical body (11), and haptics (12) arranged on the optical body (11), wherein a surface (14) of at least a part of the haptics (12) has periodic surface structures (13) provided at least partially with recesses (60), wherein the recesses (60) were generated by means of a laser interference pattern (9), wherein the recesses (60) have a width in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface (14) has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°, wherein the surface (14) of the at least part comprises superior surface structures (15) formed from the periodic surface structures (13) provided at least partially with recesses (60).

2. Intraocular lens (10) according to claim 1, characterized in thatthat the at least partially periodic surface structures (13) are designed such that the surface (14) has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >150°.

3. Intraocular lens (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the haptics (12) are provided over their entire surface with the periodic surface structures (13) which are provided at least partially with recesses (60).

4. Intraocular lens (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the periodic surface structures (13) provided with recesses (60) is formed as grooves or furrows extending perpendicular to a direction of extension (16) of the haptics (12).

5. Intraocular lens (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthat at least a part of the periodic surface structures (13) provided with recesses (60) Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 are designed as two-dimensional periodic structures.

6. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the higher-level surface structures (15) is arranged at a respective position perpendicular to a direction of extension (16) of the haptics (12).

7. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the higher-level surface structures (15) is arrow-shaped.

8. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthat at least a part of the higher-order surface structures (15) forms square structures (17) and / or intersecting or angled structures (18).

9. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a part of the higher-order surface structures (15) forms at least one human- and / or machine-readable information (20).

10. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a surface (14) of a region (23) surrounding the optical body (11) of the intraocular lens also has at least partially the periodic surface structures (13) provided with recesses (60).

11. Intraocular lens (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthat the periodic surface structures (13) which are at least partially provided with recesses (60) have harmonious profiles.

12. Method for manufacturing an intraocular lens (10), comprising: Providing an intraocular lens blank, Applicant: Carl Zeiss Meditec AG Our reference: P18.728WO / 2023P00799 WO 17.06.2025 Processing a surface (14) of at least a part of haptics (12) of the provided intraocular lens blank by means of a laser which generates a laser interference pattern (9), wherein periodic surface structures (13) provided with recesses (60) are formed on the surface (14) by means of the laser interference pattern (9), wherein the recesses (60) have a width which is in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm, such that the surface (14) has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°,wherein superior surface structures (15) are formed on the surface (14) of at least one part, which are formed from the periodic surface structures (13) provided at least partially with recesses (60), providing the processed intraocular lens blank as an intraocular lens (10).

13. Method for manufacturing an intraocular lens (10), comprising: providing a negative mold for forming an intraocular lens (10), processing a surface (14) of at least one part of an area of ​​the negative mold corresponding to haptics (12) of the intraocular lens (10) by means of a laser which generates a laser interference pattern (9), wherein periodic surface structures (13) provided at least partially with elevations are formed on the surface (14) by means of the laser interference pattern (9), wherein the elevations have a width which is in the range of 1 µm to 4 µm,such that a surface (14) molded from this has hydrophobic properties with a contact angle of >100°, wherein superior surface structures (15) are formed on the surface (14) of at least one part, which are formed from the periodic surface structures (13) provided with elevations at least in sections, molding an intraocular lens (10) using the machined negative mold, providing the intraocular lens (10).

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