Kit for guided dental surgery

Abstract

The kit (1) for guided dental surgery comprises: - a set of dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F?), each of which is provided with: - a proximal portion (2); - a distal working portion (3); - an attachment portion (5); a plurality of bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B?), each of which is fittable around the dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F?) and provided with: - a proximal stretch (15) which may be joined to the attachment portion (5) of the dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F?) in a removable manner; - a distal stretch (16); - a shouldered stretch (18).

Description

[0001] KIT FOR GUIDED DENTAL SURGERY

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to a kit for guided dental surgery.

[0004] Background Art

[0005] As is well known, a dental implant substantially consists of a screw that is placed inside the alveolar bone to replace a tooth that is extracted or is missing.

[0006] This allows an abutment protruding externally from the cavity and serving a structural function, to be attached thereto.

[0007] The abutment can be of various types and can be replaced if, e.g., it is damaged.

[0008] Finally, the dental crown is placed on the abutment, replacing the missing tooth in appearance and function.

[0009] Surgery for the placement of dental implants of known type usually involve making a blind hole in the patient’s maxillary or mandibular bone, burred by the dentist using a drill provided with a burr.

[0010] Such surgery is not particularly easy because it is very difficult to keep the burr at the desired angle and to make it penetrate to the predetermined depth that allows ensuring the future implant stability.

[0011] It is easy to appreciate, therefore, how this type of surgery requires highly specialized anatomical and surgical skills and is particularly complex to perform freehand in a precise and repeatable manner.

[0012] In other words, the success of dental implantology of the traditional type is highly conditional and inconveniently dependent on the skills and abilities of the dentist, with the real risk of installing the implant at an incorrect angle or at the wrong depth, resulting in a lack of stability of the implant itself and therefore inability to use it to support prosthetic rehabilitation.

[0013] To fix at least part of the above drawbacks, surgical techniques, called “guided”, are known in which the dentist is facilitated during the bone burring operation by means of surgical templates provided with one or more specially designed metal bushings which are arranged to stabilize the movements of the burr during surgery.

[0014] Surgical templates consist, in practice, of a thin, transparent resin structure which is obtained from a digital reconstruction of at least part of the patient’s oral cavity and into which metal bushings are partly embedded.

[0015] The surgical template is attached to the patient’s mouth at a predetermined position so that the metal bushings it carries are precisely placed at the sites in the dental arch where the implants are to be placed. The function of the surgical template is to guide the dentist’s burrs and also to promote the identification of the correct burring depth in the bone, as will be disclosed more fully later in this disclosure.

[0016] Through this device, therefore, more precise and less invasive implant surgeries can be performed. The use of surgical templates is combined with the use of a special kit of special dental burrs provided with an apical working portion and with a non-working guiding portion, which has a cylindrical (or at least partly cylindrical) shape and diameter coinciding with the diameter of the metal bushings; the guiding portion of the burrs is intended to mate precisely within the metal bushings, so as to achieve perfect sliding of the burr along the metal bushings during burring operations.

[0017] What’s more, dental burrs for guided dental surgery are provided with a stop element, known by the technical term “stopper”, sized with a diameter large enough to allow it to lay against the metal bushings once the burrs reach a predetermined insertion depth.

[0018] In other words, the special construction of such burrs allows the dentist to introduce the apical working portion at a gradually increasing depth until the stopper abuts against the metal bushing and, in so doing, stops the forward movement of the burr into the blind hole.

[0019] The use of the metal bushings within the surgical template and of the corresponding kit of special dental burrs allows the operator to work in an easy and guided manner, removing the right amount of bone at the right angle and without risking inconvenient twisting of the burr.

[0020] The dental burr kits for guided surgery of known type comprise a plurality of burrs that differ from each other in the diameter of the apical working portion and in its length.

[0021] A good burr kit, for example, comprises thirty-six dental burrs divided into six sets wherein: the burrs in each set have the same diameter and differ in length (e.g. L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, L 15 mm); the burrs in each burr set differ from the remaining sets by the fact that they have a different diameter (e.g., 0 2.0 mm, 0 2.4 mm, 0 2.8 mm, 0 3.2 mm, 0 3.6 mm, 0 4.2 mm).

[0022] In other words: the burrs in the first set have diameters 0 2.0 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm; the burrs in the second set have diameters 02.4 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm; the burrs in the third set have diameters 0 2.8 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm; the burrs in the fourth set have diameters 0 3.2 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm; the burrs in the fifth set have diameters 0 3.6 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm; the burrs in the sixth set have diameters 0 4.2 mm and increasing lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm, L 11.5 mm, L 13 mm, and L 15 mm.

[0023] Such an assortment of dental burr provides a distinct plurality of instruments that can therefore be used for a wide variety of guided implantology surgery.

[0024] In this regard, in fact, it must be considered that there are specific protocols to be followed depending on the type of dental implant to be installed and on the type of housing that will be needed to secure that particular implant.

[0025] For example, in order to carve out a seat for the installation of a dental implant with diameter of 3.7 mm and length of 15 mm, all six dental burrs in the first set (with diameter of 0 2.0 mm and gradually increasing lengths) should be used initially, then all six dental burrs in the second set (with diameter of 0 2.4 mm and increasing lengths), then all six dental burrs from the third set (with diameter 0 2.8 mm and increasing lengths), and finally the first three dental burrs (in ascending order of lengths L 6 mm, L 8 mm, L 10 mm,) from the fourth set with diameter 0 3.2 mm.

[0026] This makes it possible to burr a blind hole in the patient’s bone that is narrower (0 2.8 mm) in depth and wider (0 3.2 mm) on the surface, so as to better fit the shape of the dental implant, which usually has a narrower apical diameter than the coronal diameter.

[0027] The prior art of guided dental surgery also has some drawbacks, which are mainly related to economic issues and problems encountered during the use of dental burrs.

[0028] These comprise, first and foremost, the high cost of traditional burr kits, which stems from the considerable cost of manufacturing each burr and the large number of burrs needed to make up a single kit, and which, inevitably, is passed on to the retail price, with the risk of making the products less attractive to customers.

[0029] In addition, a further drawback is the need for the dentist to use a large number of dental burrs to obtain a blind hole with very precise diameter and depth, from which results in a large number of steps required to perform implant osteotomy surgery, with a greater likelihood of error.

[0030] Again, an additional known drawback of guided dental surgery consists of the complications that can occur in both the surgical and post-surgical phases and, specifically, the high risk of contamination caused by the use of multiple dental burrs.

[0031] It is easy to appreciate how this is very disadvantageous and complex, resulting in the risk of performing inaccurate guided dental surgery. In light of what has been said so far, it is evident to appreciate how, as of today, there is a special need for making a kit for guided dental surgery which allows the aforementioned problems of the prior art to be fixed and, in particular, to significantly reduce the cost of the kits and increase their practicality of use.

[0032] Description of the Invention

[0033] The main aim of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows implementing at least partial improvements, to the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0034] Specifically, one object of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows simplifying surgical procedures and reduce treatment time, resulting in reduced risks for both dentist and patient.

[0035] Another object of the present invention, related to the one just described, is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows decreasing the steps required to perform implant osteotomy surgery and consequently reduce the margin of error.

[0036] A further object of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows surgical operations to be performed with greater precision, greater predictability of results and with a few simple steps of guided surgery.

[0037] In addition, another object of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows limiting possible complications that may occur during and after surgery and, specifically, reducing the risk of contamination.

[0038] Still, another object of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows reducing production costs with a consequent decrease in the final selling price to the public. Another object of the present invention is to devise a kit for guided dental surgery which allows the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art to be overcome within the framework of a simple, rational solution which is easy and effective to use.

[0039] The aforementioned objects are achieved by this kit for guided dental surgery having the characteristics of claim 1.

[0040] The aforementioned objects are also achieved by this assembly for guided dental surgery having the characteristics of claim 9.

[0041] The aforementioned objects are also achieved by this group for guided dental surgery having the characteristics of claim 10.

[0042] Brief Description of the Drawings

[0043] Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of a kit for guided dental surgery, illustrated by way of an indicative, yet non-limiting example in the attached tables of drawings in which:

[0044] Figure l is a side view of the kit according to the invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a side view of one of the dental burrs in the kit according to the invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is a side view, from another angle, of the dental burr in Figure 2;

[0047] Figure 4 is a front view of the dental burr in Figure 2;

[0048] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the dental burr in Figure 2;

[0049] Figure 6 is an axonometric view of a bushing element of the kit according to the invention;

[0050] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the bushing element in Figure 6;

[0051] Figure 8 is an axonometric view of the dental burr in Figure 2 and of the bushing element in Figure 6 in the assembly configuration;

[0052] Figures 9 to 16 show, in a succession of cross-sectional views, the operation of the kit according to the invention.

[0053] Embodiments of the Invention

[0054] With particular reference to these figures, reference numeral 1 globally denotes a kit for guided dental surgery.

[0055] The kit 1 is intended to be used as part of guided dental surgery to carve out one or more blind holes C in a patient’s dental arch in order to insert and apply one or more implants I.

[0056] The kit 1 is particularly used together with a surgical template M, which consists of a transparent resin structure obtained from a digital reconstruction of at least part of the patient’s oral cavity and into which one or more guiding bushings G provided with a central through hole CG are partly embedded.

[0057] The surgical template M is fixed to the patient’s mouth at a predetermined position so that the guiding bushings G carried thereby are precisely placed at the sites in the dental arch where the implants I are to be applied.

[0058] The kit 1 comprises at least one set of dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7, each of which is provided with: at least one proximal portion 2 connectable to an instrument for setting in rotation S, e.g. of the type of a dental drill; at least one distal working portion 3, which is adapted to perform dental surgery and has a characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De? and a terminal end 4; and at least one attachment portion 5 placed at a characteristic distance L from the terminal end 4; wherein the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F?have substantially the same characteristic distance L and substantially different characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?.

[0059] In this regard, it should be specified that, in the context of this disclosure, the terms “proximal” and “distal” are used with reference to the position of the various components with respect to the instrument for setting in rotation S.

[0060] Therefore, the proximal portion 2 represents a segment of each dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 which, in use, is intended to be placed closer to the instrument for setting in rotation S, while the distal working portion 3 represents a segment of each dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 which, in use, is intended to be located farther away from the instrument for setting in rotation S.

[0061] Advantageously, the proximal portion 2 and the distal working portion 3 are aligned along a geometric axis coinciding with an axis of rotation Ai of the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7. The proximal portion 2 preferably consists of a segment provided with a shaped end useful to be connected to the instrument for setting in rotation S and with an end, opposite the previous one, connected to the distal working portion 3.

[0062] Conveniently, the distal working portion 3 is configured to drill the patient’s alveolar bone O so as to obtain a blind hole C intended to receive and accommodate the implant I.

[0063] The alveolar bone can be either that found in the mandible (also sometimes called the lower jaw) or that found in the maxilla (also sometimes called the upper jaw).

[0064] As is well known, the mandibular bone generally has higher density and hardness than the maxillary bone, so it is useful and convenient to provide different and dedicated sets of dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 depending on whether the implant I is to be implanted in the patient’s mandible or maxilla.

[0065] For this reason, in the particular embodiment shown in the figures, the kit 1 comprises at least two sets of dental burrs GMD, GMX comprising at least one set of mandibular dental burrs GMD and a second set of maxillary dental burrs GMX.

[0066] In more detail, each set of dental burrs GMD, GMX consists of, e.g., three dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe: a first dental burr Fi, a second dental burr F2 and a third dental burr F3 make up the set of mandibular dental burrs GMD, while a fourth dental burr F4, a fifth dental burr F5 and a sixth dental burr Fe make up the set of maxillary dental burrs GMX.

[0067] Alternative embodiments cannot however be ruled out wherein the kit 1 comprises a different number of dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7.

[0068] For example, in addition to the sets of dental burrs GMD, GMX, a third set of dental burrs GMDD can be conveniently used in addition to the set of mandibular dental burrs GMD when the patient has a very hard mandibular bone, as will be better explained below.

[0069] In more detail, the third set of dental burrs GMDD consists, e.g., of only one dental burr F7, with a total of seven dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7.

[0070] All dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 have common features among them, such as the proximal portion 2, the attachment portion 5 and the characteristic distance L of the attachment portion 5 with respect to the terminal end 4.

[0071] In this regard, it is reiterated that the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 have the same characteristic distance L, which is, e.g., between 20 and 50 mm, better still between 25 and 40 mm, better still between 28 and 35 mm, preferably equal to 31.5 mm.

[0072] The dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7, on the other hand, differ in the transverse dimensions of the distal working portion 3, particularly with regard to the corresponding characteristic diameter Dei, DC2, DC3, DC4, DC5, DC6, DC7.

[0073] In this regard, the fact is emphasized that the distal working portion 3 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 comprises at least one main cutting edge 6 which, displacing from the proximal portion 2 towards the terminal end 4, is provided with: at least a first main sector 7 having constant diameter equal to the characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, DC3, DC4, DCS, Dee, DC?; at least a second main sector 8 associated with the first main sector 7 and having decreasing section in the direction of approach to the terminal end 4; and at least a third main sector 9 associated with the second main sector 8 and having constant smaller diameter than the characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Dcs, Dee, Dc?.

[0074] Conveniently, the main cutting edge 6 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 also comprises a fourth main sector 10 associated with the third main sector 9 and ending with the terminal end 4; the fourth main sector 10 has decreasing section in the direction of approach to the terminal end 4 and defines a pointed profile with an angle at the main tip a of between 60° and 120°, better still of between 80° and 100°, preferably equal to 90° (Figure 2).

[0075] In addition, the distal working portion 3 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 comprises at least one secondary cutting edge 11 which, moving from the proximal portion 2 towards the terminal end 4, is provided with: at least a first secondary sector 12 having constant diameter equal to the characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Dcs, Dee, Dc?; at least a second secondary sector 13 associated with the first secondary sector 12 and having decreasing section in the direction of approach to the terminal end 4; and at least a third secondary sector 14 associated with the second secondary sector 13 and having a pointed shape with decreasing section in the direction of approach to the terminal end 4.

[0076] The pointed shape of the third secondary sector 14 defines an angle at the secondary tip P of between 10° and 30°, better still of between 15° and 25°, preferably 20° (Figure 3).

[0077] Compared to a front view (Figure 4), the main cutting edge 6 and the secondary cutting edge 11 are arranged substantially at 90° to each other, substantially forming a cross; thus the space around the cutting edges is divided into four quadrants through which the bone material burred during the use of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F? is collected and ejected.

[0078] Alternative embodiments cannot, however, be ruled out wherein the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 may comprise a different number of cutting edges 6, 11 or that they are differently arranged or shaped; for example, there could be dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 provided with only the main cutting edge 6, or with two main cutting edges 6 arranged in a cross pattern, or three cutting edges conformed so as reproduce the half of a main cutting edge 6 and offset from each other by 120°, or embodiments wherein the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 are of the type of diamond dental burrs.

[0079] The main cutting edge 6 and the secondary cutting edge 11 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 are shown in detail in Figures 2 to 5 with reference to the first dental burr Fi, which is illustrated by way of example of the characteristics common to all dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7.

[0080] In fact, it is reiterated that the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 substantially differ only in the transverse dimensions of the distal working portion 3, particularly with regard to the diameter of the first main sector 7 and of the first secondary sector 12 (i.e. the characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, DC3, DC4, DCS, Dee, DC?), as well as of the diameter of the third main sector 9.

[0081] The first dental burr Fi is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the mandibular bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 3.2 mm; for this reason, the first dental burr Fi has characteristic diameter Dei ofbetween 2.7-3.1 mm, better still of between 2.8-3.0 mm, preferably equal to 2.9 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter Di ofbetween 2.0-2.4 mm, better still of between 2.1-2.3 mm, preferably equal to 2.2 mm.

[0082] The second dental burr F2 is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the mandibular bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 3.7 mm; for this reason, the second dental burr F2 has characteristic diameter Dc2 of between 3.0-3.4 mm, better still ofbetween 3.1-3.3 mm, preferably equal to 3.2 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter D2 of between 2.2-2.6 mm, better still between 2.3 -2.5 mm, preferably equal to 2.4 mm.

[0083] The third dental burr F3 is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the mandibular bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 4.3 mm; for this reason, the third dental burr F3 has characteristic diameter Dc3 ofbetween 3.4-3.8 mm, better still ofbetween 3.5-3.7 mm, preferably equal to 3.6 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter D3 ofbetween 2.6-3.0 mm, better still of between 2.7-2.9 mm, preferably equal to 2.8 mm.

[0084] The fourth dental burr F4 is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the maxillary bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 3.2 mm; for this reason, the fourth dental burr F4 has characteristic diameter Dc4 of between 2.5-2.9 mm, better still of between 2.6-2.8 mm, preferably equal to 2.7 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter D4 of between 1.9-2.3 mm, better still of between 2.0-2.2 mm, preferably equal to 2.1 mm.

[0085] The fifth dental burr F5 is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the maxillary bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 3.7 mm; for this reason, the fifth dental burr F5 has characteristic diameter Des of between 2.9-3.3 mm, better still of between 3.0-3.2 mm, preferably equal to 3.1 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter D5 of between 2.0-2.4 mm, better still of between 2.1- 2.3 mm, preferably equal to 2.2 mm.

[0086] The sixth dental burr Fe is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the maxillary bone adapted to receive implants I of diameter 4.3 mm; for this reason, the sixth dental burr Fe has characteristic diameter Dee of between 3.3-3.7 mm, better still of between 3.4-3.6 mm, preferably equal to 3.5 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter De of between 2.2-2.6 mm, better still of between 2.3- 2.5 mm, preferably equal to 2.4 mm.

[0087] It can be seen that the diameter of the implant I being equal, the set of mandibular dental burrs generally has larger diameters than the set of maxillary dental burrs (i.e. the diameter of the first dental burr Fi is larger than the diameter of the fourth dental burr F4, the diameter of the second dental burr F2 is larger than the diameter of the fifth dental burr F5, the diameter of the third dental burr F3 is larger than the diameter of the sixth dental burr Fe); this stems from the fact that, as explained earlier, the mandibular bone has greater density and hardness than the maxillary bone and can ensure high stability of the implant I even with wider blind holes C, whereas for the maxillary bone, which is less dense and less hard, it is beneficial to carve out narrower blind holes C.

[0088] The seventh dental burr F7 is configured, e.g., to carve out blind holes C in the mandibular bone adapted to receive the implants I of diameter 4.3 mm when the patient has very hard maxillary bone; for this reason, the seventh dental burr F7 has characteristic diameter De? of between 4.0-4.4 mm, better still of between 4.1-4.3 mm, preferably equal to 4.2 mm, and its third main sector 9 has diameter D7 of between 3.1-3.5 mm, better still of between 3.2-3.4 mm, preferably equal to 3.3 mm.

[0089] In this regard, the fact is emphasized that when the patient has very dense and hard maxillary bone, then a blind hole C should be carved out, which, the diameter of the implant I to be installed being equal, is wider.

[0090] In other words, in the special circumstance of exceptional maxillary bone hardness, the need for larger diameter dental burrs is felt, so as: to install an implant I having a diameter of 3.2 mm in very hard mandibular bone, the dentist may advantageously resort exceptionally to using the second dental burr F2 instead of the first dental burr Fi since, as mentioned, the second dental burr F2 has a larger diameter than the first dental burr Fi; to install an implant I having a diameter of 3.7 mm in very hard mandibular bone, the dentist may advantageously resort exceptionally to using the third dental burr F3 instead of the second dental burr F2 since, as mentioned, the third dental burr F3 has a larger diameter than the second dental burr F2; to install, on the other hand, an implant I having a diameter of 4.3 mm in very hard mandibular bone, the dentist may advantageously resort exceptionally to using the seventh dental burr F7 instead of the third dental burr F3 since, as mentioned, the seventh dental burr F7 has a larger diameter than the third dental burr F3. The attachment portion 5 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 consists, e.g., of a cylindrical shim that has the same diameter for all dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 and is larger than any characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, DC7.

[0091] In addition, the kit 1 comprises at least a plurality of bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, each of which can be fitted around the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 and provided with: at least one proximal stretch 15 which may be joined to the attachment portion 5 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 in a removable manner; at least one distal stretch 16 having a guiding surface 17 with at least partly cylindrical conformation having a guiding diameter DG; at least one shouldered stretch 18 of larger transverse dimension than the distal stretch 16 and spaced apart from the proximal stretch 15 by a distance defining a characteristic length Lei, LC2, LC3, LC4, LCS, Lee, LC?; wherein the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 have substantially the same guiding diameter DG and substantially different characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Lcs, Lee, Lc?.

[0092] Advantageously, the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 and the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, Bs, Be, B7 can be coaxially coupled to each other.

[0093] In this regard it is noted that: each dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 has an axis of rotation Ai; and each bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, Bs, Be, B7 has a central axis A2 and is placeable in a configuration of use wherein it is fitted around one of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 with the respective proximal stretch 15 joined to the attachment portion 5 of the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, Fs, Fe, F7 on which it is fitted and with the central axis A2 coincident with the axis of rotation Al .

[0094] When assembled together, therefore, the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and the bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 define a single instrument that can be set in rotation around the axis of rotation Ai / central axis A2 and that is provided with: a distal working portion 3, intended to carve out the blind hole C in the alveolar bone O of the patient; a guiding surface 17 intended to couple to size with the guiding bushings G, which serve as guides during burring. In the present case, the distal stretch 16 of the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, once inserted into the central through hole Co of the guiding bushings G, allows guiding the instrument, in a stable and precise manner, in its sliding and forward movement within the alveolar bone O of the patient; a shouldered stretch 18 intended to stand on the guiding bushings G and serve as a “stopper” to stop the forward movement of the distal working portion 3 into the alveolar bone O.

[0095] Thus, the diameter of the blind hole C is defined by the conformation of the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F? used and, in particular, by its characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?; the depth of the blind hole C, on the other hand, is defined by the position of the shouldered stretch 18 with respect to the distal working portion 3 and, in other words, by the characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc? of the bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 mounted on the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 being used.

[0096] In the particular embodiment shown in the figures, the kit 1 comprises, in total, seven bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, of which a first bushing element Bi, a second bushing element B2, a third bushing element B3, a fourth bushing element B4, a fifth bushing element B5, a sixth bushing element Be and a seventh bushing element B7, which have gradually decreasing characteristic lengths Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?.

[0097] The first bushing element Bi has e.g. a characteristic length Lei of between 13-15 mm, better still of between 12.5-14.5 mm, preferably equal to 14.28 mm.

[0098] The second bushing element B2 has e.g. a characteristic length Lc2 of between 11-13 mm, better still of between 11.5-12.5 mm, preferably equal to 12.28 mm.

[0099] The third bushing element B3 has e.g. a characteristic length Lc3 of between 9-11 mm, better still of between 9.5-10.5 mm, preferably equal to 10.28 mm.

[0100] The fourth bushing element B4 has e.g. a characteristic length Lc4 of between 8-10 mm, better still of between 8.5-9.5 mm, preferably equal to 8.78 mm.

[0101] The fifth bushing element B5 has e.g. a characteristic length Les of between 6-8 mm, better still of between 6.5-7.5 mm, preferably equal to 7.28 mm. The sixth bushing element Be has e.g. a characteristic length Lee of between 4-6 mm, better still of between 4.5-5.5 mm, preferably equal to 5.28 mm.

[0102] The seventh bushing element B? has e.g. a characteristic length Lc? of between 1-3 mm, better still of between 1.5-2.5 mm, preferably equal to 2.28.

[0103] The guiding diameter DG of the distal stretch 16, on the other hand, which, as mentioned, is the same for all bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, is, e.g., of between 4-6 mm, preferably of between 4.5-5.5 mm, preferably equal to 5 mm, as well as the guiding bushings G, the central through hole CG of which has diameter substantially equal to the guiding diameter DG.

[0104] The distal stretch 16 of the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, also extends by a length measured parallel to the central axis A2, which is, e.g., of between 3-5 mm, better still of between 3.5 -4.5 mm, preferably equal to 4.0 mm.

[0105] In addition, the cross-sectional dimensions of the shouldered stretch 18 are, e.g., of between 5.5- 6.5 mm, better still of between 5.8-6.2 mm, preferably equal to 6.00 mm.

[0106] Alternative embodiments of the present invention cannot be ruled out wherein a different number of bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 may be provided and / or wherein the dimensions of the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 may be different from those shown here.

[0107] Conveniently, the proximal stretch 15 and the distal stretch 16 are aligned along the central axis A2 of the bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, with the shouldered stretch 18 being located between the proximal stretch 15 and the distal stretch 16.

[0108] Advantageously, each bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 is provided with at least one intermediate stretch 19 positioned between the shouldered stretch 18 and the proximal stretch 15 and having a length substantially equal to the characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, LC7.

[0109] Preferably, the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 are provided with reference markings 20 arranged on the intermediate stretch 19.

[0110] The reference markings 20 are chosen so as to provide clear and immediate information of the length of the implant I to be used.

[0111] In this regard, it should be noted that the surgical template M is designed so that the guiding bushings G are always kept at a predefined distance from the alveolar bone O and, therefore, the depth of the blind hole C that the dentist carves out on the patient is determined solely by the characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc? of the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7; therefore, given that the depth of the blind hole C is correlated with the length of the implant I to be screwed into the blind hole C, then it is easy to appreciate how a correlation can be created between the characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc? of the bushing elements Bi, B2, Bs, B4, B5, Be, B7 and the length of the implants I.

[0112] In the particular embodiment shown in the figures, for example, the reference markings 20 are: “L6” for the first bushing element Bi, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 6 mm can be housed;

[0113] “L8” for the second bushing element B2, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 8 mm can be housed;

[0114] “LIO” for the third bushing element B3, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 10 mm can be housed;

[0115] “LI 1.5” for the fourth bushing element B4, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 11.5 mm can be housed;

[0116] “LI 3” for the fifth bushing element B5, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 13 mm can be housed;

[0117] “LI 5” for the sixth bushing element Be, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 15 mm can be housed;

[0118] “LI 8” for the seventh bushing elements B7, which is used to carve out blind holes C in which an implant I of length 18 mm can be housed.

[0119] Advantageously, the attachment portion 5 of each dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and the proximal stretch 15 of each bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 comprise interlocking joining means 21, 22.

[0120] The interlocking joining means 21, 22 e.g. comprise: at least one recess 21 formed in at least one of either the attachment portion 5 or the proximal stretch 15; and at least one protrusion 22 formed on the other of either the attachment portion 5 and the proximal stretch 15 and insertable into the recess 21 by interlocking.

[0121] In the embodiment shown in the figures, preferably, the recess 21 is formed in the attachment portion 5 of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 while the protrusion 22 is formed on the proximal stretch 15.

[0122] The recess 21, for example, has an annular shape that goes around the attachment portion 5.

[0123] The protrusion 22, on the other hand, is formed on an inner surface of the proximal stretch 15.

[0124] In this regard, it is pointed out that, in the particular embodiment shown in the figures, the proximal stretch 15 consists of a tubular stretch provided with a plurality of longitudinal slits 23 that divide the stretch itself into a plurality of longitudinal stretches 24, each of which carries one portion of the protrusion 22; the presence of the longitudinal slits 23 makes the proximal stretch 15 particularly adapted to flex elastically to allow it to adapt to the shape of the attachment portion 5 until the protrusion 22 engages the recess 21.

[0125] Coupling and uncoupling between the attachment portion 5 and the proximal stretch 15 can be performed manually by the dentist by applying a slight force in the longitudinal direction.

[0126] The conformation of the proximal stretch 15 and of the protrusion 22 is shown in detail in Figures 6 and 7 with reference to the first bushing element Bi, which is illustrated by way of example of the features common to all bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7.

[0127] In fact, it is reiterated that the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 substantially differ only in their characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc7.

[0128] The operation of the present invention is shown in Figures 9 to 16, which show, in a sequence of cross-sectional views, an example of a surgical operation aimed at installing an implant of diameter of 3.7 and length of 15 mm in the patient’s jaw.

[0129] First, a surgical template M, based on the specific anatomical features of the patient to be operated on, is obtained through a digital reconstruction of the patient’s oral cavity (e.g., through radiological investigations), into which the guiding bushing G is already embedded, which is used to perform the surgery by guiding the dentist’s movements in a stable and precise manner.

[0130] The surgical template M is applied to the patient’s oral cavity, thus automatically placing the guiding bushing G at the site of the alveolar bone O into which the implant I is to be fitted.

[0131] At this point, the dentist mounts the second dental burr F2 (which, as mentioned, is adapted to burr the mandibular bone and carve out blind holes C adapted to receive implants I with a diameter of 3.7 mm) on the instrument for setting in rotation S together with the first bushing element Bi (Figure 9) and starts carving out the blind hole C (Figure 10).

[0132] The blind hole C carved out after using the second dental burr F2 together with the first bushing element Bi clearly has a very reduced depth (Figure 11).

[0133] At this point the dentist continues the operation by switching to using the second dental burr F2 in combination with the second bushing element B2, the third bushing element B3, the fourth bushing element B4, the fifth bushing element B5 and the sixth bushing element Be, so as to increase the depth of the blind hole C.

[0134] As a final step, the second dental burr F2 is used together with the sixth bushing element Be (Figures 12 and 13), so as to obtain a blind hole C (Figure 14) of the appropriate size to accommodate the desired implant I of diameter 3.7 mm and length 15 mm.

[0135] Due to the special conformation of the dental burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7, the final blind hole C is advantageously narrower (0 2.4 mm) in depth and wider (0 3.2 mm) on the surface, so as to better fit the shape of the implant I which usually has a narrower apical diameter than the coronal diameter. At this point the implant I is screwed into the blind hole C (Figures 15 and 16), securing it to the patient’s mouth, after which the surgical template M can be removed and an abutment with a structural function can be mounted on which a dental crown is later applied to replace the missing tooth in appearance and function.

[0136] Finally, the fact is emphasized that the present invention covers not only the kit 1 but also an assembly for guided dental surgery comprising: the kit 1 ; and the plurality of guiding bushings G configured for use as surgical templates M for guided dental surgery and provided with the central through hole CG, which, as mentioned, has a diameter substantially equal to the guiding diameter DG.

[0137] In other words, the present invention covers: both the kit 1 consisting of burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 without the guiding bushings G, i.e., a kit 1 intended to be placed on the market and to be used with already existing guiding bushings G; and the assembly consisting of the kit 1 and of the guiding bushings G, where, in actual facts, the kit 1 is intended to be placed on the market and to be used with specially designed and dedicated guiding bushings G to operate in conjunction with the burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and the bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 of the kit 1.

[0138] In addition to the kit 1, the present invention also covers a group for guided dental surgery that comprises: at least one dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 provided with: at least one proximal portion 2 connectable to an instrument for setting in rotation S; at least one distal working portion 3 adapted to perform dental surgery, the distal working portion 3 having a characteristic diameter Dei, Dc2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De? and a terminal end 4; at least one attachment portion 5 located at a characteristic distance L from the terminal end 4; and at least one bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7 fittable around the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and provided with: at least one proximal stretch 15 joinable to the attachment portion 5 of the dental burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 in a removable manner; at least one distal stretch 16 having a guiding surface 17 of at least partly cylindrical conformation having a guiding diameter DG; and at least one shouldered stretch 18 with larger transverse dimension than the distal stretch 16 and spaced apart from the proximal stretch 15 by a distance defining a characteristic length Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?.

[0139] In other words, the present invention covers: both the kit 1 consisting of a plurality of burrs Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and a plurality of bushing elements Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, possibly offered for sale within a dedicated container or even separately; and the group consisting of a single burr Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7 and of a single bushing element Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7, which can be sold separately from the rest of the kit 1.

[0140] It has in practice been ascertained that the described invention achieves the intended objects. The fact is emphasized, in particular, that the peculiar type of dental burrs made according to the invention and the presence of bushing elements to be coupled to the dental burrs allows the dentist to perform surgery on the patient in a guided, precise and selective mode, through a very limited number of dental burrs and, therefore, at a much lower cost than traditional burr kits.

[0141] In addition to this, the special shape of the dental burrs, with a narrower diameter at the tip and a wider characteristic diameter, makes it possible to shape blind holes that are narrower in depth and wider on the surface, without necessarily and disadvantageously resorting to using many more dental burrs, as is the case in the prior art.

Claims

CLAIMS1) Kit (1) for guided dental surgery, characterized by the fact that it comprises: at least one set of dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7), each of which is provided with: at least one proximal portion (2) connectable to an instrument for setting in rotation (S); at least one distal working portion (3) adapted to perform dental surgery, said distal working portion (3) having a characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?) and a terminal end (4); at least one attachment portion (5) placed at a characteristic distance (L) from said terminal end (4); wherein said dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) have substantially the same characteristic distance (L) and substantially different characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?); at least a plurality of bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7), each of which is fittable around said dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) and provided with: at least one proximal stretch (15) which may be joined to said attachment portion (5) of the dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) in a removable manner; at least one distal stretch (16) having a guiding surface (17) with at least partly cylindrical conformation having a guiding diameter (DG); at least one shouldered stretch (18) with larger transverse dimension than said distal stretch (16) and spaced apart from said proximal stretch (15) by a distance defining a characteristic length (Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?); wherein said bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7) have substantially the same guiding diameter (DG) and substantially different characteristic length (Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?).2) Kit (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that: each of said dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) has an axis of rotation (Ai); and each of said bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7) has a central axis (A2) and is placeable in a configuration of use wherein it is fitted around one of said dental burrs (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) with said proximal stretch (15) joined to said attachment portion (5) and with said central axis (A2) coincident with said axis of rotation (Ai).3) Kit (1) according to one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that each of said bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7) is provided with at least one intermediate stretch (19) positioned between said shouldered stretch (18) and said proximal stretch (15) and having a length substantially equal to said characteristic length (Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?).4) Kit (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said bushing elements (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7) are provided with reference markings (20) arranged on said intermediate stretch (19).5) Kit (1) according to one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said attachment portion (5) and said proximal stretch (15) comprise interlocking joining means (21, 22).6) Kit (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said interlocking joining means (21, 22) comprise at least one recess (21) formed in at least one of either said proximal stretch (15) or said attachment portion (5) and at least one protrusion (22) formed on the other of either said attachment portion (5) or said proximal stretch (15) and insertable into said recess (21).7) Kit (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said distal working portion (3) comprises at least one main cutting edge (6) provided with: at least a first main sector (7) having a constant diameter equal to said characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, DC3, DC4, DC5, DC6, DC?); at least a second main sector (8) associated with said first main sector (7) and having a decreasing section in the direction of approach to said terminal end (4); and at least a third main sector (9) associated with said second main sector (8) and having a constant smaller diameter than said characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?).8) Kit (1) according to one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said distal working portion (3) comprises at least one secondary cutting edge (11) provided with at least a first secondary sector (12) having a constant diameter equal to said characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dee, De?); at least a second secondary sector (13) associated with said first secondary sector (12) and having a decreasing section in the direction of approach to said terminal end (4); and at least a third secondary sector (14) associated with said second secondary sector (13) and having a pointed shape with a decreasing section in the direction of approach to said terminal end (4).9) Kit (1) according to one or more preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least two of said sets of dental burrs (G D, GMX), comprising at least one set of mandibular dental burrs (GMD) and one set of maxillary dental burrs (GMX).10) Assembly for guided dental surgery, characterized by the fact that it comprises: at least one kit (1) according to one or more preceding claims; anda plurality of guiding bushings (G) configured for use as surgical templates (M) for guided dental surgery and provided with a central through hole (CG) having a diameter substantially equal to said guiding diameter (DG).11) Group for guided dental surgery, characterized by the fact that it comprises: at least one dental burr (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) provided with: at least one proximal portion (2) connectable to an instrument for setting in rotation (S); at least one distal working portion (3) adapted to perform dental surgery, said distal working portion (3) having a characteristic diameter (Dei, D C2, Dc3, Dc4, Des, Dc6, Dc?) and a terminal end (4); at least one attachment portion (5) located at a characteristic distance (L) from said terminal end (4); and at least one bushing element (Bi, B2, B3, B4, B5, Be, B7) fittable around said dental burr (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) and provided with: at least one proximal stretch (15) j oinable to said attachment portion (5) of the dental burr (Fi, F2, F3, F4, F5, Fe, F7) in a removable manner; at least one distal stretch (16) having a guiding surface (17) of at least partly cylindrical conformation having a guiding diameter (DG); and at least one shouldered stretch (18) with larger transverse dimension than said distal stretch (16) and spaced apart from said proximal stretch (15) by a distance defining a characteristic length (Lei, Lc2, Lc3, Lc4, Les, Lee, Lc?).

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