Communication method, apparatus and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides a communication method, an apparatus and a system. The method comprises: a terminal sends on a first resource a first reference signal, the first resource comprising a first port, the first port being associated with a first antenna port, and the first reference signal being used to estimate a channel of the first port; and the terminal sends a first factor to a network device, the first factor being used to compensate the estimated channel of the first port, and the first factor being determined at least by means of receiving gains corresponding to the first antenna port and a reference antenna port. The network device can compensate an uplink channel of the first port on the basis of the receiving gains of the first antenna port and the reference antenna port, so that the network device can estimate a downlink channel more accurately on the basis of the uplink channel, thereby alleviating the problem of non-reciprocity between the uplink channel and the downlink channel, improving the downlink precoding performance based on the uplink channel, and ensuring the receiving performance of the downlink shared channel of the terminal.

Description

A communication method, apparatus and system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410996092.7, filed on July 22, 2024, entitled "A Communication Method, Apparatus and System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus and system. Background Technology

[0003] Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology can fully utilize the spatial degrees of freedom of a channel, enabling simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams or repeated transmission of a single data stream, thus improving spectral efficiency and reliability. Currently, deploying multiple antennas in network equipment is relatively easy. However, if a terminal deploys too many antennas, insufficient isolation between them due to their small size can lead to antenna coupling. Furthermore, terminals need to control power consumption, and too many antennas can also cause excessive power consumption, affecting their battery life. To address this, a multi-band shared antenna technique can be adopted. For example, a dedicated antenna can be deployed on the terminal for each frequency band, specifically for receiving signals in that band. A shared antenna can then be deployed on the terminal, allowing it to receive signals in each frequency band. This significantly reduces the number of antennas deployed on the terminal.

[0004] In the time division duplex (TDD) band, network devices can estimate the uplink channel based on the sounding reference signal (SRS) from the terminal, and then determine the downlink precoding based on the reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels (i.e., the uplink and downlink channels are the same). However, in multi-antenna technology, due to different insertion losses between antennas, non-uniform insertion loss may lead to inconsistent SRS transmission power on different antennas, making the uplink and downlink channels non-reciprocal. When the terminal deploys a shared antenna, the insertion loss of the shared antenna may be even greater, resulting in a larger difference in SRS transmission power on different antennas. In addition, the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier of the shared antenna is likely to be lower than that of the low-noise amplifier of the dedicated antenna, resulting in lower received power of the shared antenna compared to the dedicated antenna, which further increases the channel non-reciprocity. At this time, the precoding obtained by the network device based on the channel estimated by the uplink SRS cannot be well adapted to the actual downlink channel, thus causing the downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception performance to be degraded. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, and system that alleviates the problem of non-reciprocity between uplink and downlink channels in time-division duplex scenarios and ensures the reception performance of the downlink shared channel.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, the method comprising: a terminal transmitting a first reference signal on a first resource. The first resource includes a first port. The first port is associated with a first antenna port. The first reference signal is used to estimate a channel on the first port. The terminal transmits a first factor. The first factor is used to compensate for the estimated channel on the first port. The first factor is determined at least by the receive gain corresponding to the first antenna port and a reference antenna port.

[0008] As an example, the receiving gain corresponding to the first antenna port is the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the first antenna port.

[0009] In this application, the terminal transmits a first reference signal on a first resource, which includes a first port. The first port is associated with a first antenna port. The first reference signal can be used to estimate the channel on the first port. Because the receive gain corresponding to the terminal's first antenna port is relatively small, the uplink channel and downlink channel estimated by the network device for the first port are inconsistent. Therefore, the terminal continues to transmit a first factor to the network device. Since the first factor is determined at least by the receive gain corresponding to the first antenna port and the reference antenna port, the network device can compensate for the inconsistency between the uplink and downlink channels caused by the different receive gains. This allows the network device to obtain the downlink channel more accurately based on the estimated uplink channel, thereby improving the performance of downlink precoding based on the uplink channel and ensuring the receive gain of the terminal's downlink shared channel.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the terminal transmits a second reference signal on a second resource. The second resource includes a second port. The second port is associated with a second antenna port. The second antenna port includes a reference antenna port. The second resource is associated with a first resource.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the terminal sends indication information to indicate the reference antenna port in the second antenna port. Alternatively, the terminal receives indication information from a network device to indicate the reference antenna port in the second antenna port. Alternatively, the reference antenna port in the second antenna port is predefined.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application includes: a terminal transmitting a reference signal to a network device. The transmission power of the reference signal is less than or equal to the maximum transmission power of the reference signal. The maximum transmission power of the reference signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the first threshold being associated with resources of the reference signal. The reference signal includes a first reference signal and a second reference signal.

[0013] In one possible implementation, when the resource of the reference signal belongs to the first resource, the first threshold for resource association of the reference signal is determined by the difference between the transmission loss corresponding to the first antenna port and the transmission loss corresponding to the reference antenna port. Alternatively, the first threshold for resource association of the reference signal is determined by the upper bound of the difference between the transmission loss of the first antenna port and the transmission loss of the reference antenna port. The reference antenna port belongs to the second antenna port.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first resource includes the resource of the reference signal on the first port.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receive gain of each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receive gain of the reference antenna port.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receive gain corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receive gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the transmit loss corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the transmit loss corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0017] As an example, the transmit loss for each antenna port in the first antenna port is the insertion loss for each antenna port in the first antenna port. The transmit loss for the reference antenna port is the insertion loss for the reference antenna port.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receive gain corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receive gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the transmit power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and the transmit power on each antenna port in the first antenna port on the first resource.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first factor corresponds to the first resource. The method provided in this application embodiment further includes: the terminal sending first indication information to the network device. The first indication information is used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application further includes: the terminal sending second indication information to the network device, the second indication information indicating a port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor; or, the terminal receiving third indication information from the network device, the third indication information indicating a port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor; or, the port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor is predefined. The port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor belongs to the first port.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, the method comprising: a network device receiving a first reference signal on a first resource, the first resource including a first port, the first port being associated with a first antenna port; and the network device receiving a first factor, the first factor being determined at least by the receive gain of the first antenna port and a reference antenna port.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application embodiment further includes: a network device receiving a second reference signal on a second resource, the second resource including a second port, the second port being associated with a second antenna port, the second antenna port including a reference antenna port, and the second resource being associated with a first resource.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application further includes: a network device estimating a channel on a first port based on a first reference signal; and the network device compensating for the estimated channel on the first port using a first factor.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first factor corresponds to the first resource. The method provided in this application embodiment further includes: the network device receiving first indication information from the terminal, the first indication information being used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application further includes: a network device receiving second indication information from a terminal, the second indication information indicating a port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor. Alternatively, the network device sending third indication information to the terminal, the third indication information indicating a port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor. Alternatively, the port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor is predefined. The port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor belongs to the first port.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including a communication module and a processing module. The processing module is used to perform processing actions performed by the terminal in the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, while the communication module is used to perform receiving or sending actions performed by the terminal in the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0027] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including a communication module and a processing module. The processing module is used to execute the processing actions performed by the target network device in the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, while the communication module is used to execute the receiving or transmitting actions performed by the target network device in the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0028] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, which includes a terminal and a network device. The terminal is used to implement the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, and the network device is used to implement the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0029] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. Execution of the instructions stored in the memory causes the processor to execute the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or to execute the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0030] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. Execution of the instructions stored in the memory causes the processor to perform the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, or to perform the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0031] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or to perform the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0032] Ninthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, or to perform the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0033] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or to execute the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0034] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, or to execute the communication method described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0035] In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or to execute the communication method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect, the communication interface being used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.

[0036] In a thirteenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run computer programs or instructions to implement the communication methods described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, or to execute the communication methods described in the second aspect or various possible implementations of the second aspect, the communication interface being used to communicate with other modules outside the chip.

[0037] Specifically, the chip provided in this application embodiment also includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions.

[0038] Any of the devices, computer storage media, computer program products, chips, or communication systems provided above are used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects of the corresponding solutions in the corresponding methods provided above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of deploying multiple antennas in each frequency band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a dedicated antenna deployed in each frequency band according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of uplink transmission after deploying a shared antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of downlink reception after deploying a shared antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific implementation of a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating another specific implementation of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of information transmission between a network device and a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a chip structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. For example, the first symbol and the second symbol are merely for distinguishing different symbols and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0055] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0056] As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system applied in an embodiment of this application. The communication system includes device 110 and device 120. Device 110 and device 120 are wirelessly connected via an antenna.

[0057] For example, device 110 can be a network device or a communication device with control, scheduling, or management capabilities. Device 120 can be a terminal. The specific implementation of devices 110 and 120 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0058] The communication system architecture shown in Figure 1, taking device 110 as the network device and device 120 as the terminal as an example, involves the terminal sending reference signals uplink to the network device via an antenna. The network device sends downlink information, including user data and control information, to the terminal via an antenna.

[0059] The communication system architecture diagram shown in Figure 1 is only a schematic diagram. The communication system may also include other devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0060] Optionally, the downlink information received by device 120 can be sent by one device 110 or by multiple devices 110 jointly, and this is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] For ease of description, the following embodiments use device 110 as a network device and device 120 as a terminal for illustration.

[0062] In this embodiment, the network device is a network-side device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The network device can be a device in a radio access network (RAN) that provides wireless communication functionality to terminals, referred to as RAN equipment. For example, the network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a next-generation base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system; it can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of a base station, for example, it can be a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The CU here performs the functions of the radio resource control protocol and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the base station, and can also perform the functions of the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP). The DU performs the functions of the radio link control layer and medium access control (MAC) layer of the base station, and can also perform some or all of the physical layer functions. For specific descriptions of the above-mentioned protocol layers, please refer to the relevant technical specifications of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The network equipment can be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, or a donor node, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific equipment form used in the network equipment.

[0063] In this application embodiment, the terminal is a user-side device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The terminal can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminal 120 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. The terminal device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, drone, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0064] Network devices and terminals can be fixed in location or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the network devices and terminals.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, the functions of the network device can be executed by modules (such as chips) within the network device, or by a control subsystem that includes network device functions. This control subsystem, including network device functions, can be a control center in the aforementioned application scenarios such as smart grids, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart cities. Similarly, the functions of the terminal can be executed by modules (such as chips or modems) within the terminal, or by a device that includes terminal functions.

[0066] In this embodiment, both the network device and the terminal support multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology, meaning that both the network device and the terminal have multiple antennas deployed. MIMO technology can fully utilize the spatial degrees of freedom of the channel, enabling simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams as well as repeated transmission of a single data stream, thus improving spectral efficiency and reliability. Therefore, it is conceivable that the more antennas deployed on the network device or terminal, the higher the available spatial degrees of freedom of the channel, the more data streams can be transmitted simultaneously, and consequently, the greater the improvement in spectral efficiency.

[0067] For network equipment, taking base stations as an example, since there are no size restrictions on base stations and no need to consider energy consumption, deploying multiple antennas on base stations is relatively easy. However, for terminals, taking handheld terminals (such as smartphones) as an example, on the one hand, due to the size limitations of handheld terminals, deploying multiple antennas on them would result in lower isolation between the antennas, thus introducing non-ideal factors such as antenna mutual coupling; on the other hand, handheld terminals also need to consider energy consumption, and the deployment of multiple antennas will lead to increased energy consumption, affecting the battery life of the handheld terminal.

[0068] However, considering the evolution of terminal form factors, future handheld terminals may support multi-antenna deployment, but this also involves the issue of deploying antennas on different frequency bands, resulting in too many antennas required for the terminal. For example, as shown in Figure 2(a), which illustrates a terminal deployment of multiple antennas in each frequency band according to an embodiment of this application, taking the three time division duplex (TDD) frequency bands N41, N77 / N78, and N79 as an example, if 8 antennas are deployed on each frequency band, a total of 24 antennas will be required.

[0069] To reduce the number of antennas deployed, a multi-band shared antenna technology is introduced, where the same antenna can be shared across multiple frequency bands. For example, as shown in Figure 2(b), four dedicated receiving antennas (called dedicated antennas) are deployed on each of the N41, N77 / N78, and N79 frequency bands, and four more receiving antennas (called shared antennas) that can be shared across the three frequency bands are also deployed. In this way, only 16 antennas are needed in total, thus reducing the number of antennas.

[0070] Currently, in TDD bands, network devices can determine downlink precoding based on the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels, estimating the uplink channel using the sounding reference signal (SRS) from the terminal. Reciprocity refers to the fact that the transmission characteristics of a signal are identical in both the transmitting and receiving directions within a wireless channel. In other words, if the transmission characteristics of a signal from the transmitter to the receiver are known, then the signal returning from the receiver to the transmitter will also have the same transmission characteristics. In MIMO, due to the different insertion losses of different antennas, non-uniform insertion losses exist between them, which affects the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels. In this case, the downlink precoding obtained by the network device based on the estimated channel cannot accurately adapt to the actual downlink channel.

[0071] As an example, as shown in Figure 3, the terminal deploys multiple antennas, divided into main branch antennas and diversity branch antennas. The main branch antennas are used to perform the function of transmitting and receiving the shared channel, while the diversity branch antennas are only used to perform the function of receiving the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The main branch antennas are closer to the power amplifier (PA) than the diversity branch antennas, resulting in greater insertion loss on the diversity branch antennas than on the main branch antennas, causing non-uniform insertion loss across multiple antennas. This can lead to inconsistent SRS transmit power on different antennas and non-reciprocity between uplink and downlink channels.

[0072] Optionally, the dedicated antenna may include a main branch antenna and a side branch antenna.

[0073] Before sending an SRS to the network device, the terminal needs to determine the SRS transmission power. Determining the transmission power requires determining the maximum transmission power. In other words, the SRS transmission power must be less than or equal to the maximum transmission power.

[0074] The maximum transmission power is greater than or equal to a first threshold. For example, the first threshold is the lower bound of the maximum transmission power.

[0075] For example, the maximum transmit power of SRS needs to be between the lower and upper bounds specified in the protocol, satisfying the following formula 1: P CMAX_L,f,c ≤P CMAX_f,c ≤P CMAX_H,f,c Formula 1

[0076] Among them, P CMAX_f,c P is the maximum transmission power determined by the terminal. CMAX_H,f,c It is the upper bound specified in the agreement, P CMAX_L,f,c It is the lower bound specified in the protocol, i.e., the first threshold.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, the first threshold is determined by the main branch antenna and the side branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0078] For example, the first threshold is determined by the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of the side branch antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the lower bound of the maximum transmit power of the SRS is determined as shown in Formula 2 below: P CMAX_L,f,c =MIN{P EMAX,c -ΔT C,c , (P PowerClass -ΔPPowerClass )-MAX(MAX(MPR c + ΔMPR c A-MPR c )+ΔT IB,c +ΔT C,c +ΔT RxSRS P-MPR c )} Formula 2

[0080] Where, ΔT RxSRS Used to determine the lower bound of the maximum transmit power when transmitting the antenna-selective SRS. The antenna-selective SRS is defined as "antenna switching" when configuring the SRS, and is used to measure the uplink channel of different antennas.

[0081] Based on Formula 2 above, when the SRS transmitted by the terminal is the SRS corresponding to the side tributary antenna, ΔT RxSRS The value is determined based on the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of the side branch antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna. Specifically, the value can be specified by the protocol.

[0082] Understandably, the protocol only backs down the lower power bound because greater insertion loss doesn't necessarily lead to a reduction in the actual transmit power on the relevant antenna. For example, a terminal equipped with a powerful power amplifier can automatically increase transmit power to compensate for greater insertion loss when switching to a side tributary antenna. Conversely, a terminal equipped with a less powerful power amplifier might have a different transmit power on the side tributary antenna compared to the main tributary antenna, resulting in inconsistencies between uplink and downlink channels.

[0083] It is worth noting that the parameter ΔT in Formula 2 RxSRS This parameter is only applicable to SRS. When the terminal sends other reference signals, the lower limit of the maximum transmit power can be ignored.

[0084] To address the aforementioned issue of non-reciprocity between uplink and downlink channels, some related technologies typically employ a method where the terminal reports an additional insertion loss value, and the network equipment compensates for the estimated channel on the side tributary antenna based on this value, thereby resolving the non-uniform insertion loss problem. Other related technologies may also use a method of increasing the power amplifier's power to compensate for the additional insertion loss.

[0085] The above only applies to the general deployment of multiple antennas. When deploying shared antennas, the non-reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels will be more pronounced.

[0086] As an example, as shown in Figure 4, taking uplink transmission by the terminal as an example, since the distance between the shared antenna and the power amplifier is greater than the distance between the side branch antenna and the power amplifier, the insertion loss on the shared antenna may be greater. For example, the insertion loss difference between the side branch antenna and the main branch antenna may be X dB, while the difference between the shared antenna and the main branch antenna may be Y dB. Optionally, Y may be greater than X. This further widens the gap between the SRS transmission power on the shared antenna and the SRS transmission power on the dedicated antenna. The difference in transmission power will be reflected in the equivalent channel, exacerbating the non-reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels.

[0087] As another example, as shown in Figure 5, taking downlink reception by a terminal as an example, since the shared antenna needs to be used on multiple frequency bands, the gain variation of the low noise amplifier (LNA) corresponding to the shared antenna may be lower than that of the LNA on the dedicated antenna in a certain frequency band. For example, the LNA gain variation of the shared antenna may differ from that of the dedicated antenna by ZdB. This will result in the signal power received on the shared antenna being lower than that received on the dedicated antenna. This difference in received power will be reflected in the equivalent channel, causing the uplink and downlink channels to be incompatible.

[0088] In the case where the SRS is transmitted via a shared antenna, the first threshold for the maximum transmission power of the SRS is determined by the shared antenna and the dedicated antenna.

[0089] For example, the first threshold is determined by the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna or the side branch antenna in the dedicated antenna; or, the first threshold is determined by the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna or the side branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the method for determining the first threshold of the maximum transmit power of the shared antenna's SRS is as shown in Formula 2, wherein the difference from the above embodiment is that ΔT RxSRS The value of has been expanded to include new values.

[0091] Optional, ΔT RxSRS The new value added is determined based on the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna, or the upper bound of the difference in insertion loss.

[0092] Since the insertion loss of each shared antenna in a shared antenna may be different, the difference between the insertion loss of different shared antennas and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in a dedicated antenna is different. Therefore, ΔT RxSRS The new value added is determined based on the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0093] For example, if the insertion loss differences between shared antennas A, B, C, and D and the main branch antenna in a dedicated antenna are 3dB, 5dB, 4dB, and 2dB respectively, then the parameter ΔT RxSRS The new value added is determined based on the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna B and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna, that is, the value to be added is 5dB.

[0094] For example, optionally, the protocol can directly specify the new value as X dB, such as 5 dB. According to the protocol, the difference between the insertion loss of different shared antennas and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna cannot exceed 5 dB. In this case, the new value of 5 dB specified in the protocol can be understood as the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of different shared antennas and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0095] In another possible implementation, the method for determining the first threshold of the maximum transmit power of the shared antenna SRS is as shown in Equation 3: P CMAX_L,f,c =MIN{P EMAX,c -ΔT C,c , (P PowerClass -ΔP PowerClass )-MAX(MAX(MPR c + ΔMPR c A-MPR c )+ΔT IB,c +ΔT C,c +ΔT RxSRS +ΔT RxSRS1 P-MPR c Formula 3, where the newly added parameter ΔT RxSRS1 A first threshold used to determine the maximum transmit power when transmitting Tianxuan SRS.

[0096] Optionally, the new parameter ΔT RxSRS1 The value of is determined based on the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch or side branch antenna in the dedicated antenna; or, the new parameter ΔT RxSRS1 The value is determined by the upper bound of the difference between the insertion loss of the shared antenna and the insertion loss of the main branch or side branch antenna in the dedicated antenna.

[0097] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a communication method, apparatus, and system. Based on a first factor and a first reference signal reported by the terminal, a network device estimates the uplink channel using the first reference signal and then compensates for the estimated uplink channel according to the first factor. The first factor is determined at least by the receiving gain corresponding to the dedicated antenna and the receiving gain corresponding to the shared antenna. This alleviates the problem of uplink and downlink channel non-reciprocity and improves the receiving performance of the downlink shared channel.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, the specific structure of the execution subject of a communication method is not particularly limited. As long as communication can be performed according to the communication method of this application by running a program that records the code of a communication method of this application, for example, the execution subject of a communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be a functional module in a terminal that can call and execute a program, or a communication device applied in a terminal, such as a chip. The execution subject of a communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be a functional module in a network device that can call and execute a program, or a communication device applied in a network device, such as a chip. This application does not limit this.

[0099] This application provides a communication method applied to the TDD band in a MIMO scenario. Figure 6 shows a flowchart of the communication method provided in this application. The method includes:

[0100] Step 601: The terminal transmits a first reference signal on a first resource, the first resource including a first port. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first reference signal on the first port of the first resource. The first port is associated with a first antenna port.

[0101] The first resource refers to the resources used by the terminal to transmit the first reference signal, including but not limited to: frequency resources, time resources, port resources, etc.

[0102] The first port does not limit the number of ports. For example, the first port can be a single port or it can include multiple different ports.

[0103] Optionally, the first port is associated with the first antenna port, or the first port corresponds to the first antenna port. In other words, the reference signal on the first port is transmitted by the first antenna port. Here, the first antenna port is the terminal's antenna port; for example, the first antenna port is a shared antenna port.

[0104] For example, each port in the first port corresponds to a different first antenna port; for instance, each port in the first port corresponds to a different shared antenna port.

[0105] In one possible embodiment of this application, the terminal transmits a second reference signal on a second resource, the second resource including a second port. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second reference signal on the second port of the second resource. The second port is associated with a second antenna port.

[0106] The second resource refers to the resources used by the terminal to transmit the second reference signal, including but not limited to: frequency resources, time resources, port resources, etc.

[0107] The first resource and the second resource are related. For example, the first resource and the second resource can be located in the same set of reference signal resources or in different sets of reference signal resources.

[0108] For example, the first resource and the second resource are located within a first set of reference signal resources, or the first resource is located within a first set of reference signal resources, and the second resource is located within a second set of reference signal resources; the first set of reference signal resources and the second set of reference signal resources are associated. In one possible implementation, the first set of reference signal resources and the second set of reference signal resources are associated, which could be achieved by configuring the network device to associate the two sets of reference signal resources. For instance, when configuring one set of reference signal resources, the identifier (ID) of the other set of reference signal resources is added to the relevant fields.

[0109] The number of ports is not limited for the second port. For example, the second port can have only one port or include multiple different ports.

[0110] Optionally, the second port is associated with the second antenna port, or the second port corresponds to the second antenna port. In other words, the reference signal on the second port is transmitted by the second antenna port. The second antenna port is the terminal's antenna port; for example, it may be a dedicated antenna port.

[0111] For example, each port in the second port corresponds to a different second antenna port, such as each port in the second port corresponding to a different dedicated antenna port.

[0112] Optionally, dedicated antenna ports include main branch antenna ports and side branch antenna ports.

[0113] For example, each port in the second port corresponds to a different main branch antenna port. Alternatively, each port in the second port corresponds to a different side branch antenna port. Or, in the second port, some ports correspond to different main branch antenna ports, and other ports correspond to different side branch antenna ports.

[0114] The second antenna port includes the reference antenna port.

[0115] As an example, the reference antenna port is any one of the dedicated antenna ports.

[0116] For example, the reference antenna port can be either the main branch antenna port in a dedicated antenna port or a side branch antenna port in a dedicated antenna port.

[0117] It is worth noting that because the main branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna port is close to the power amplifier, the transmission loss corresponding to the main branch antenna port is relatively small. In general, the reference antenna port is the main branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna port.

[0118] Optionally, the reference antenna port can be any one of multiple main branch antenna ports.

[0119] In this embodiment, the first antenna port associated with the first port may not be a shared antenna port, and this is not a limitation in this application. For ease of description, this embodiment uses the example of the first antenna port associated with the first port being a shared antenna port and the second antenna port associated with the second port being a dedicated antenna port.

[0120] The first reference signal and the second reference signal are used by network devices for channel estimation, channel measurement, etc.

[0121] For example, a first reference signal is used by the network device to estimate a first channel, which is associated with a first port. Alternatively, the first channel may be the channel on the first port. For instance, the first reference signal may be a sounding reference signal (SRS), and the first port may be an SRS port, which is used to estimate the channel on the shared antenna. Considering that the first antenna port is associated with the first port (i.e., the SRS port), the network device estimates the channel on the first port, which is equivalent to obtaining the channel on the first antenna port, and thus the channel on the shared antenna port.

[0122] The second reference signal is used by the network device to estimate the second channel, which is associated with the second port. Alternatively, the second channel may be the channel on the second port. For example, the second reference signal is a sounding reference signal (SRS), and the second port is an SRS port, which is used to estimate the channel on the dedicated antenna. Considering that the second antenna port is associated with the second port (i.e., the SRS port), the network device estimates the channel on the second port, which is also the channel on the second antenna port, i.e., the channel on the dedicated antenna port.

[0123] Optionally, the dedicated antenna port may include a main branch antenna port and a side branch antenna port.

[0124] For example, taking the first and second reference signals as SRS, the terminal deploys two shared antennas and two dedicated antennas on each frequency band. The terminal sends SRS signals to the network device through the two shared antenna ports; the first port of the two SRS ports (first ports) corresponds to the first shared antenna port of the two shared antenna ports; the second port of the two SRS ports (first ports) corresponds to the second shared antenna port of the two shared antenna ports.

[0125] The terminal sends SRS signals to the network device through two dedicated antenna ports; the first of the two SRS ports (second ports) corresponds to the first dedicated antenna port of the two dedicated antenna ports; the second of the two SRS ports (second ports) corresponds to the second dedicated antenna port of the two dedicated antenna ports.

[0126] Optionally, the dedicated antenna port may include a main branch antenna port and a side branch antenna port.

[0127] In one embodiment of this application, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be configured by the network device or may be predefined by the protocol.

[0128] One possible implementation is that the network device configures a first resource and a second resource. The first resource and the second resource can be located in the same resource set (e.g., both are located in the first resource set), or they can be located in the first resource set and the second resource set respectively.

[0129] Optionally, when the first resource and the second resource are located within the same resource set, the network device can also send indication information. For example, the indication information uses a bitmap to indicate the first and second resources within the first resource set. For instance, the resources within the first resource set are assigned bits in the bitmap in chronological order. When one or more bits in the bitmap are set to 1, the resource corresponding to those bits is determined to be either the first resource or the second resource.

[0130] Alternatively, one possible implementation is to predefine the first and second resources. For example, one or more resources in the first resource set can be predefined as either the first or second resource. For instance, the first X resources in the time domain can be predefined as the first resource, and the last Y resources as the second resource. This predefinition can be protocol-defined or factory-set.

[0131] Optionally, when the first resource and the second resource are located in two different resource sets, the network device can send indication information. For example, the indication information can indicate which of the two resource sets is the first resource set (i.e., which resource set contains the first resource) and which is the second resource set (i.e., which resource set contains the second resource).

[0132] Alternatively, one possible implementation is to predefine a first resource set and a second resource set. For example, in the two resource sets, the one that comes first in the time domain is designated as the first resource set, and the one that comes later is designated as the second resource set. This predefinition can be protocol-defined or factory-set.

[0133] Optionally, the terminal device transmits a first reference signal on the first resource via a first antenna port and a second reference signal on the second resource via a second antenna port.

[0134] Step 602: The terminal sends the first factor. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first factor. The first factor is determined at least by the receive gain corresponding to the first antenna port and the reference antenna port.

[0135] The first factor is used by the network device to compensate for the estimated channel on the first port. For example, the first factor can be a parameter that can compensate for the estimated channel on the first port.

[0136] For example, the network device estimates the channel on the first port based on the first reference signal. Considering that the first port is associated with the first antenna port, the channel of the first antenna port associated with the first port can also be obtained. Then, the channel of the first port estimated based on the first factor compensation is applied, which means that the channel on the first antenna port (the channel on the shared antenna port) is compensated.

[0137] Here, receiver gain refers to the amplification capability of the received signal. For example, the receiver gain corresponding to the first antenna port can be the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the first antenna port. The receiver gain corresponding to the reference antenna port can be the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0138] The low-noise amplifier corresponding to the first antenna port can also be understood as one specifically designed to amplify the signal received from the first antenna port. Similarly, the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port can also be understood as one specifically designed to amplify the signal received from the reference antenna port.

[0139] In one possible embodiment of this application, the reference antenna port can be determined by the terminal itself, configured by the network device, or predefined.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the terminal sends indication information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the indication information from the terminal. This indication information is used to indicate the antenna port in the second antenna port that serves as the reference antenna port.

[0141] Optionally, the network device may also send indication information to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the indication information from the network device. This indication information is used to indicate the antenna port in the second antenna port that serves as the reference antenna port.

[0142] In another possible implementation, the network device or terminal predefines the antenna port that serves as the reference antenna port in the second antenna port. For example, the reference antenna port can be any one of the main branch antenna ports in the second antenna port, or any one of the side branch antenna ports in the second antenna port.

[0143] In this application, the terminal transmits a first reference signal on a first resource, which includes a first port. The first port is associated with a first antenna port. The first reference signal can be used to estimate the channel on the first port. Because the receive gain corresponding to the terminal's first antenna port is relatively small, the uplink channel and downlink channel estimated by the network device for the first port are inconsistent. Therefore, the terminal continues to transmit a first factor to the network device. Since the first factor is determined at least by the receive gain corresponding to the first antenna port and the reference antenna port, the network device can compensate for the inconsistency between the uplink and downlink channels caused by the different receive gains. This allows the network device to obtain the downlink channel more accurately based on the estimated uplink channel, thereby improving the performance of downlink precoding based on the uplink channel and ensuring the receive gain of the terminal's downlink shared channel.

[0144] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receiving gain corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receiving gain corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0145] In one possible embodiment, the first antenna port is designated as a shared antenna port, the second antenna port as a dedicated antenna port, and the reference antenna port as the main branch antenna port within the dedicated antenna ports. The receiving gain is defined as the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier. The amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port is smaller than the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the main branch antenna port.

[0146] In this embodiment, the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the main branch antenna port is negative, while the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the main branch antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port is positive. It is understood that the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port can also be greater than the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the main branch antenna port; this is not limited in this embodiment.

[0147] It is worth noting that the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the first antenna port or the reference antenna port is related to the terminal's hardware. In other words, the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the first antenna port or the reference antenna port is fixed, for example, it can be measured at the time the terminal leaves the factory.

[0148] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receive gain corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receive gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the transmit loss corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the transmit loss corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0149] The transmit loss corresponding to the antenna port refers to the power loss caused by various factors when the antenna port transmits signals. For example, the transmit loss corresponding to the antenna port can be the insertion loss corresponding to the antenna port. The insertion loss corresponding to the antenna port can be understood as the additional insertion loss caused when the power amplifier switches to that antenna port.

[0150] In one possible implementation, taking the receiving gain as the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier as an example, the first factor reported by the terminal is determined by the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the sum of the difference between the insertion loss corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the insertion loss corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0151] Optionally, and understandably, each first antenna port corresponds to a first factor.

[0152] Optionally, the first factor corresponding to each first antenna port can be the same or different.

[0153] For example, if the first factor corresponding to each first antenna port is the same, the terminal can send only one first factor, meaning each first antenna port corresponds to the same first factor. It is understood that, even if the first factor corresponding to each first antenna port is the same, the terminal can also send the first factor corresponding to each first antenna port; this is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0154] For example, if the first factor corresponding to each first antenna port is different, the terminal sends multiple first factors.

[0155] For example, the first antenna port is a shared antenna port, the reference antenna port is the main branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna ports, the difference between the insertion loss of one of the shared antenna ports (e.g., antenna port 1) and the insertion loss of the main branch antenna port (e.g., antenna port 2) is X dB, and the difference between the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 1 and the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 2 is Y dB. Then the first factor is (X+Y) dB.

[0156] For example, if the reference antenna port is a side branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna port, and the difference between the insertion loss of one of the antenna ports (e.g., antenna port 1) and the insertion loss of the side branch antenna port (e.g., antenna port 3) is ZdB, and the difference between the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 1 and the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 3 is YdB, then the first factor is (Z+Y)dB.

[0157] It is understandable that the transmit losses of each pair of antenna ports within a dedicated antenna port can be converted to each other. Generally, the transmit losses of the main branch antenna ports and the transmit losses of the side branch antenna ports are the same. Therefore, the conversion is usually performed between the transmit losses of the main branch antenna ports and the transmit losses of the side branch antenna ports.

[0158] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the receive gain corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the receive gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the transmit power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and the transmit power on each antenna port in the first antenna port on the first resource.

[0159] The transmit power at each antenna port in the first antenna port can be understood as the transmit power at each first port, or the transmit power at each antenna port configured for the first reference signal.

[0160] In one possible implementation, the first factor reported by the terminal is the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each antenna port in the first antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the sum of the transmit power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and the difference between the transmit power on each antenna port in the first antenna port on the first resource.

[0161] For example, the first antenna port is a shared antenna port, the reference antenna port is the main branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna ports, the difference between the transmit power on the main branch antenna port (e.g., antenna port 2) and the transmit power on one of the shared antenna ports (e.g., antenna port 1) is X dB, and the difference between the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 1 and the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 2 is Y dB. Then the first factor is (X+Y) dB.

[0162] For example, if the reference antenna port is a side branch antenna port in a dedicated antenna port, and the difference between the transmit power on the side branch antenna port (e.g., antenna port 3) and the transmit power on one of the shared antenna ports (e.g., antenna port 1) is ZdB, and the difference between the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 1 and the amplification factor of the low noise amplifier corresponding to antenna port 3 is YdB, then the first factor is (Z+Y)dB.

[0163] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor corresponds to the first resource. The method provided in this embodiment further includes: the terminal sending first indication information. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first indication information from the terminal.

[0164] The first indication information is used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the first indication information indicates the identification information of the resource set to which the first resource belongs (such as the ID of the SRS resource set).

[0166] In one possible embodiment of this application, since the receive gain and transmit loss of each antenna port in the first antenna port may be different, each factor in the first factor transmitted by the terminal may also be different. It should be understood that each factor corresponds to a separate first antenna port. Considering that the first port is associated with the first antenna port, it is optional that each factor may correspond to a separate first port.

[0167] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application further includes: the terminal sending second indication information. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second indication information from the terminal. The second indication information is used to indicate a port that corresponds one-to-one with each factor in the first factor. Wherein, the aforementioned port belongs to the first port.

[0168] For example, the first port includes port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4, the first factor received by the network device includes factor 1, factor 2, factor 3 and factor 4, and the second indication information indicates that factor 1 corresponds to port 1, factor 2 corresponds to port 2, factor 3 corresponds to port 3 and factor 4 corresponds to port 4.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the method provided in this application further includes: a terminal receiving third indication information. Correspondingly, a network device sends the third indication information. The third indication information is used to indicate the port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor. Specific examples are given in the above implementation and will not be repeated here.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the port corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor can be predefined. This predefinition can be specified through a protocol or configured at the factory.

[0171] For example, the demodulation order of each factor in the first factor can be determined by the port numbering order in the first port (e.g., from smallest to largest). Each port in the first port corresponds one-to-one with each factor in the first factor.

[0172] In another possible implementation, the first factor corresponding to the first antenna port is the same, that is, the first factor corresponding to the first port is the same. In this case, optionally, the terminal may report only one first factor, and each port in the first port corresponds to the same first factor.

[0173] In one possible embodiment of this application, the method provided by this application further includes:

[0174] Step 603: The network device estimates the channel on the first port based on the first reference signal.

[0175] In one possible implementation, the network device estimates the impulse response of the channel based on a first reference signal using a channel estimation algorithm. The channel estimation algorithm includes, but is not limited to, minimum mean square error estimation and Wiener filtering. The network device uses the estimation result of the first reference signal to construct a channel matrix, which describes the channel at the first port, i.e., describes the channel characteristics of the first antenna port associated with the first port.

[0176] For example, the network device estimates the channel of the first port using a channel estimation algorithm based on SRS. The channel of the first port is the channel of the shared antenna port associated with the first port.

[0177] Step 604: The network device estimates the channel on the first port based on the first factor compensation.

[0178] In one possible implementation, the first factor is a dB value. The network device compensates for the estimated channel on the first port based on the linear value of the first factor. The linear value obtained by converting the compensation factor can be directly converted or indirectly.

[0179] For example, since the amplification factor of a low-noise amplifier is defined as the ratio of power, and only amplitude compensation is needed when compensating the channel, the compensation factor is indirectly converted by first dividing the dB value of the compensation factor by 2 and then converting it into a linear value.

[0180] As an example, the network device compensates for the estimated channel of the first port by multiplying or dividing by a linear value of a first factor. The compensation method depends on the definition of the first factor.

[0181] For example, if the first factor is defined as the difference between the receiving gain at the first antenna port and the receiving gain at the reference antenna port, the first factor is negative because the receiving gain at the first antenna port is less than the receiving gain at the reference antenna port. In this case, the compensation method is to multiply the channel value at the first port by a linear value.

[0182] For example, if the first factor is defined as the difference between the receiving gain at the reference antenna port and the receiving gain at the first antenna port, then since the receiving gain at the first antenna port is less than the receiving gain at the reference antenna port, the first factor is positive. In this case, the compensation method is to divide the channel at the first port by the linear value.

[0183] The specific implementation of this application is described below. Taking the example of a first antenna port associated with the first port as a shared antenna port, a second antenna port associated with the second port as a dedicated antenna port, and three TDD frequency bands N41, N77 / N78, and N79, as examples. In each frequency band, six dedicated antennas are deployed (two main branch antennas and four side branch antennas), while four shared antennas correspond to frequency bands N41, N77 / N78, and N79.

[0184] It is worth noting that, optionally, shared antenna port and shared antenna, dedicated antenna port and dedicated antenna, main branch antenna port and main branch antenna, and side branch antenna port and side branch antenna are equivalently represented in the embodiments of this application.

[0185] Figure 7 illustrates a specific implementation of a communication method provided in this application. Taking the receiving gain as the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier and the transmitting loss as the insertion loss as an example, the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each shared antenna port is the same, and the corresponding insertion loss is the same; the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each dedicated antenna port is the same, the insertion loss corresponding to each main branch antenna port is the same, and the insertion loss corresponding to each side branch antenna port is the same. The specific method includes:

[0186] Step 701: The terminal reports the number of dedicated antennas, the number of shared antennas, and the frequency bands that can be shared for each frequency band to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the number of dedicated antennas, the number of shared antennas, and the frequency bands that can be shared for each frequency band from the terminal.

[0187] Among them, network devices configure Channel Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) resources, such as time and frequency resources of SRS, based on the number of dedicated antennas and the number of shared antennas.

[0188] In one possible implementation, the terminal sends a report to the network device, which includes the number of dedicated antennas and shared antennas for each frequency band, as well as the frequency bands that can be shared.

[0189] In another possible implementation, the terminal sends a first report and a second report to the network device. The first report is the number of dedicated antennas for each frequency band, and the second report is the number of shared antennas and the frequency bands that can be shared. Alternatively, the first report is the number of shared antennas and the frequency bands that can be shared, and the second report is the number of dedicated antennas for each frequency band.

[0190] It is understood that the terminal can report the number of dedicated antennas and the number of shared antennas to the network device simultaneously or separately. The terminal can also report in other ways, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0191] For example, the terminal reports 6 dedicated antennas for each of the three frequency bands N41, N77 / N78, and N79, and 4 shared antennas.

[0192] Step 702: The network device configures reference signal resources based on the number of dedicated antennas and shared antennas for each frequency band, as well as the frequency bands that can be shared.

[0193] For example, a network device configures a first resource for a shared antenna and a second resource for a dedicated antenna. The first resource includes a first port, and the second resource includes a second port.

[0194] Optionally, both the first resource and the second resource are reference signal resources.

[0195] One possible implementation involves configuring a first resource and a second resource in the network device. The first resource and the second resource can reside within the same resource set (e.g., both within the first resource set), or they can reside within the first resource set and the second resource set respectively. For details, please refer to the description related to the first and second resources in step 601; it will not be repeated here.

[0196] Step 703: The terminal determines a first threshold for the maximum transmission power of the first reference signal and the second reference signal.

[0197] The first threshold for the maximum transmission power of the first reference signal can be determined using the method for determining the maximum transmission power described in the above embodiments, such as the method shown in Formula 2 or Formula 3. Specific implementation details are omitted here.

[0198] Step 704: The terminal sends a first reference signal to the network device via a shared antenna port on the first resource, and sends a second reference signal to the network device via a dedicated antenna port on the second resource. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first and second reference signals from the terminal.

[0199] Optionally, the first reference signal can be an SRS, and the second reference signal can also be an SRS. In this case, both the first port and the second port are SRS ports.

[0200] Step 705: The terminal sends the first factor to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first factor from the terminal.

[0201] In one possible implementation, the first factor is the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port.

[0202] For example, if the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each shared antenna port is A dB, and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each dedicated antenna port is B dB, then the first factor is (AB) dB. Optionally, the terminal may send only one first factor to the network device.

[0203] In another possible implementation, the first factor is the sum of the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the insertion loss corresponding to the shared antenna port and the insertion loss corresponding to the reference antenna port. The reference antenna port is any one of the main branch antenna ports among the dedicated antenna ports.

[0204] For example, if the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port is Y dB, and the difference between the insertion loss corresponding to each shared antenna port and the insertion loss corresponding to the reference antenna port is X dB, then the first factor is (X+Y) dB. Optionally, the terminal may send only one first factor to the network device.

[0205] In another possible implementation, the first factor is the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the sum of the difference between the transmit power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and the transmit power of each antenna port in the shared antenna port on the first resource. The reference antenna port is any one of the main branch antenna ports among the dedicated antenna ports.

[0206] For example, if the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port is Y dB, and the difference between the transmit power on the reference antenna port and the transmit power on each shared antenna port is X dB, then the first factor is (X+Y) dB. Optionally, the terminal may send only one first factor to the network device.

[0207] In this implementation, the terminal also sends first indication information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first indication information from the terminal. The first indication information is used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0208] Step 706: The network device estimates the channel on the first port (channel on the shared antenna port) based on the first reference signal; and estimates the channel on the second port (channel on the dedicated antenna port) based on the second reference signal.

[0209] Step 707: The network device compensates for the estimated channel on the first port based on the first factor.

[0210] In other words, network devices compensate for the channel on the shared antenna port.

[0211] In this case, the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to each shared antenna port have the same amplification factor and the same insertion loss, so the terminal only needs to report one first factor.

[0212] For example, the network device multiplies the estimated channel on each first port by a linear value of the first factor. The specific method can be found in the relevant description in step 604, and will not be repeated here.

[0213] Step 708: The network device determines the downlink precoding based on the compensated channel on the first port and sends the downlink shared channel to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the downlink shared channel from the network device.

[0214] Figure 8 illustrates a specific implementation of another communication method provided in this application. Taking the receiving gain as the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier and the transmitting loss as the insertion loss as an example, the amplification factors of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to shared antenna port 1, shared antenna port 2, shared antenna port 3, and shared antenna port 4 are A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively. The insertion losses corresponding to shared antenna port 1, shared antenna port 2, shared antenna port 3, and shared antenna port 4 are all the same. The amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each dedicated antenna port is the same, the insertion loss corresponding to each main branch antenna port is the same, and the insertion loss corresponding to each side branch antenna port is the same. The specific method includes:

[0215] Steps 801 to 803 are the same as steps 701 to 703 in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0216] Step 804: The terminal sends a first reference signal to the network device through the shared antenna port on the first resource, and sends a second reference signal to the network device through the dedicated antenna port on the second resource.

[0217] For example, the terminal transmits a first reference signal on the first resource through shared antenna port 1, shared antenna port 2, shared antenna port 3 and shared antenna port 4.

[0218] Optionally, the first reference signal can be an SRS, and the second reference signal can also be an SRS. In this case, both the first port and the second port are SRS ports.

[0219] Step 805: The terminal sends multiple factors to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the multiple factors from the terminal. These multiple factors belong to the first factor.

[0220] In one possible implementation, the first factor is the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port. The reference antenna port is any one of the main branch antenna ports among the dedicated antenna ports.

[0221] For example, if the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port is BdB, then the differences between the amplification factors of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port are (A1-B)dB, (A2-B)dB, (A3-B)dB, and (A4-B)dB, respectively. Therefore, the factors corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 are (A1-B)dB, (A2-B)dB, (A3-B)dB, and (A4-B)dB, respectively.

[0222] In another possible implementation, the first factor is the sum of the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the difference between the insertion loss corresponding to the shared antenna port and the insertion loss corresponding to the reference antenna port. The reference antenna port is any one of the main branch antenna ports among the dedicated antenna ports.

[0223] For example, the differences between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port are Y1dB, Y2dB, Y3dB, and Y4dB, respectively. The differences between the insertion loss of shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the insertion loss of the reference antenna port are all XdB. Therefore, the first factors corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 are (Y1+X)dB, (Y2+X)dB, (Y3+X)dB, and (Y4+X)dB, respectively.

[0224] In another possible implementation, the first factor is the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the shared antenna port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port, and the sum of the differences between the transmit power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and the transmit power of each antenna port on the shared antenna port on the first resource. The reference antenna port is any one of the main branch antenna ports among the dedicated antenna ports.

[0225] For example, the differences between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference antenna port are Y1dB, Y2dB, Y3dB, and Y4dB, respectively. The difference between the transmit power at the reference antenna port and the transmit power at shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 is X dB. Therefore, the first factor corresponding to shared antenna ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 is (Y1+X)dB, (Y2+X)dB, (Y3+X)dB, and (Y4+X)dB, respectively.

[0226] Step 806: The network device estimates the channel on the first port (channel on the shared antenna port) based on the first reference signal; and estimates the channel on the second port (channel on the dedicated antenna port) based on the second reference signal.

[0227] For example, by receiving the first reference signal, the network device estimates the channel on the first port, that is, it obtains the channels of shared antenna port 1, shared antenna port 2, shared antenna port 3, and shared antenna port 4.

[0228] Step 807: The network device determines the factor corresponding to each port in the first port.

[0229] In one possible implementation, the terminal sends a second indication message to the network device. This second indication message indicates the port corresponding to each factor in the first factor. These ports belong to the first port group.

[0230] For example, the first factor received by the network device includes factor 1, factor 2, factor 3 and factor 4, and the second indication information indicates factor 1, factor 2, factor 3 and factor 4, which correspond to port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4 respectively.

[0231] It should be understood that, optionally, port 1 is associated with shared antenna port 1, port 2 with shared antenna port 2, port 3 with shared antenna port 3, and port 4 with shared antenna port 4.

[0232] In another possible implementation, the terminal receives third indication information from the network device. This third indication information indicates the port that corresponds one-to-one with each factor in the first factor. Specific examples are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0233] In another possible implementation, the ports corresponding one-to-one with each factor in the first factor can be predefined. This predefinition can be specified through a protocol or configured at the factory.

[0234] For example, the demodulation order of each factor in the first factor can be predefined based on the ascending order of the first port numbers. Each first port corresponds one-to-one with each factor in the first factor.

[0235] Step 808: The network device compensates for the channel on the first port (that is, compensates for the channel on the shared antenna port) based on multiple factors.

[0236] Among them, the amplification factors of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to shared antenna port 1, shared antenna port 2, shared antenna port 3, and shared antenna port 4 are different, but the insertion loss is the same. Therefore, the terminal needs to report the factor corresponding to each shared antenna port separately.

[0237] Step 809: The network device determines the downlink precoding based on the compensated channel on the first port and sends the downlink shared channel to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the downlink shared channel from the network device.

[0238] It is worth noting that in the above embodiments, the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the main branch antenna port and the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the side branch antenna port in the dedicated antenna port is the same. The amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each antenna port in the shared antenna port can be the same or different. The insertion loss corresponding to each antenna port in the same type of antenna port can be the same or different, and this application does not impose any limitation. The transmit power on each antenna port in the same type of antenna port is the same, while the transmit power on different types of antenna ports can be the same or different.

[0239] Figure 9 shows a communication device 90 provided in an embodiment of this application, including a communication module 901 and a processing module 902.

[0240] The communication module 901 is used to send a first reference signal to the network device on the first resource, and to send a first factor to the network device.

[0241] The processing module 902 is used to determine the first factor. The first factor is determined by at least the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifiers corresponding to the first port and the reference port.

[0242] In one embodiment of this application, the communication module 901 is further configured to send a second reference signal to the network device on the second resource.

[0243] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each port in the first port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference port.

[0244] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each port in the first port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference port, and the difference between the insertion loss corresponding to each port in the first port and the insertion loss corresponding to the reference port.

[0245] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor is determined based on the difference between the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to each port in the first port and the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifier corresponding to the reference port, and the difference between the transmission power on each port in the first port on the first resource and the transmission power on the reference port on the second resource.

[0246] In one embodiment of this application, a first factor corresponds to a first resource, and a communication module 901 is used to send first indication information to a network device. The first indication information is used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0247] In one embodiment of this application, the communication module 901 is further configured to send second indication information to the network device, the second indication information being used to indicate each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor; or, it is further configured to receive third indication information from the network device, the third indication information being used to indicate each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor; or, the processing module 902 is further configured to determine that each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor is predefined.

[0248] This application also provides a communication device, including a communication module and a processing module.

[0249] The communication module is used to receive a first reference signal from the terminal at a first port of the first resource; it is also used to receive a first factor from the terminal. The first factor is determined at least by the amplification factor of the low-noise amplifiers at the first port and the reference port.

[0250] In one embodiment of this application, the communication module is further configured to receive a second reference signal from the terminal on a second port of the second resource.

[0251] The processing module is used to estimate the channel on the first port based on the first reference signal; and is also used to compensate the estimated channel on the first port based on the first factor.

[0252] In one embodiment of this application, the first factor corresponds to the first resource, and the communication module is further configured to receive first indication information from the terminal, the first indication information being used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

[0253] In one embodiment of this application, the communication module is further configured to receive second indication information from the terminal, the second indication information being used to indicate each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor; or, the communication module is further configured to send third indication information to the terminal, the third indication information being used to indicate each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor; or, the processing module is further configured to determine that each port of the first port corresponding to each factor in the first factor is predefined.

[0254] Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The hardware structure of the terminal device and network device in this embodiment can be referred to the structure shown in Figure 10. The communication device includes a processor 1001, a communication line 1004, and at least one transceiver (Figure 10 is only an example illustrating the inclusion of transceiver 1003).

[0255] The processor 1001 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits used to control the execution of the program of the present application.

[0256] The communication line 1004 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.

[0257] Transceiver 1003 is a device that uses any transceiver-like device to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0258] Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory 1002.

[0259] The memory 1002 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 1002 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1001 via communication line 1004. The memory 1002 may also be integrated with the processor 1001.

[0260] The memory 1002 stores computer execution instructions for implementing the scheme of this application, and its execution is controlled by the processor 1001. The processor 1001 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1002, thereby implementing the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application.

[0261] Optionally, the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as application code, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0262] In a specific implementation, as one example, the processor 1001 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG10.

[0263] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the communication device may include multiple processors, such as processor 1001 and processor 1005 in FIG. 10. Each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. Here, a processor may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0264] This application also provides a communication device, including a radio resource control (RRC) signaling interaction module, a medium access control (MAC) signaling interaction module, and a physical layer (PHY) signaling and data interaction module. The RRC signaling interaction module is used to send and receive RRC signaling, the MAC signaling interaction module is used to send and receive MAC-CE signaling, and the PHY signaling and data interaction module is used to send and receive uplink / downlink control signaling and uplink / downlink data.

[0265] In one embodiment of this application, Figure 11 illustrates an information transmission process between a network device and a terminal device. The network device includes an RRC signaling interaction module, a MAC signaling interaction module, and a PHY signaling and data interaction module. The terminal device also includes an RRC signaling interaction module, a MAC signaling interaction module, and a PHY signaling and data interaction module. The network device configures reference signal resources for synchronization measurement, such as uplink and downlink reference signal resources, to the terminal device via the RRC signaling interaction module. The terminal device sends an uplink reference signal to the network device for downlink reference signal pre-compensation, facilitating the measurement of synchronization-related parameters. The network device sends a downlink reference signal to the terminal device for synchronization-related parameter measurement. The terminal device receives the downlink reference signal from the network device and performs synchronization-related parameter measurement. The terminal device reports synchronization-related parameters to the network device via a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), allowing the network device to compensate for the impact of clock asynchrony.

[0266] This application also provides a communication device, which can be a terminal device or a chip. This communication device can be used to execute the above-described method embodiments.

[0267] When the communication device is a terminal device, Figure 12 shows a simplified structural diagram of a terminal. For ease of understanding and illustration, a smartphone is used as an example of a terminal in Figure 12. As shown in Figure 12, the terminal includes a processor, memory, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, an antenna, and input / output devices. The processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the terminal device, execute software programs, and process data from the software programs. The memory is mainly used to store software programs and data. The RF circuitry is mainly used for converting baseband signals to RF signals and processing RF signals. The antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive RF signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touchscreens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user. It should be noted that some types of terminal devices may not have input / output devices.

[0268] When data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent and outputs a baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then processes the baseband signal and transmits it outward as an electromagnetic wave through the antenna. When data is sent to the terminal device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts it into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal back into data and processes it. For ease of explanation, Figure 12 only shows one memory and one processor. In actual terminal device products, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories. Memory can also be called storage medium or storage device, etc. Memory can be set up independently of the processor or integrated with the processor; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0269] In the embodiments of this application, the antenna and radio frequency circuit with transceiver function can be regarded as the transceiver unit of the terminal, and the processor with processing function can be regarded as the processing unit of the terminal.

[0270] As shown in Figure 12, the terminal includes a transceiver unit 1210 and a processing unit 1220. The transceiver unit 1210 can also be called a transceiver, transceiver machine, transceiver device, etc. The processing unit 1220 can also be called a processor, processing board, processing module, processing device, etc. Optionally, the device in the transceiver unit 1210 used to implement the receiving function can be considered as a receiving unit, and the device in the transceiver unit 1210 used to implement the transmitting function can be considered as a transmitting unit; that is, the transceiver unit 1210 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The transceiver unit can sometimes also be called a transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc. The receiving unit can sometimes be called a receiver, receiver, or receiving circuit, etc. The transmitting unit can sometimes be called a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.

[0271] For example, in one implementation, processing unit 1220 is used to execute the method embodiments described above. Transceiver unit 1210 is used for related transmit and receive operations in the method embodiments described above.

[0272] It should be understood that Figure 12 is merely an example and not a limitation, and the terminal device described above, including the transceiver unit and the processing unit, may not depend on the structure shown in Figure 12.

[0273] When the communication device is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit. The transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit can be a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip.

[0274] This application also provides a communication device, which can be a network device or a chip. This communication device can be used to execute the method embodiments described above. When the communication device is a network device, it is, for example, a base station.

[0275] Figure 13 shows a simplified schematic diagram of a base station structure. The base station includes part 1310 and part 1320. Part 1310 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals to baseband signals; part 1320 is mainly used for baseband processing and controlling the base station. Part 1310 is often referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, or transceiver. Part 1320 is usually the control center of the base station, often referred to as a processing unit, used to control the base station to perform the processing operations on the network device side in the above method embodiments.

[0276] The transceiver unit of section 1310, also known as a transceiver or transceiver unit, includes an antenna and a radio frequency (RF) unit, where the RF unit is primarily used for RF processing. Optionally, the devices in section 1310 that implement the receiving function can be considered as receiving units, and the devices that implement the transmitting function can be considered as transmitting units; that is, section 1310 includes both receiving and transmitting units. The receiving unit can also be called a receiver, receiver circuit, or receiving unit, while the transmitting unit can be called a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit.

[0277] Section 1320 may include one or more single boards, each single board may include one or more processors and one or more memories. The processor is used to read and execute programs in the memory to implement baseband processing functions and control the base station. If multiple single boards exist, they can be interconnected to enhance processing capabilities. As an optional implementation, multiple single boards may share one or more processors, multiple single boards may share one or more memories, or multiple single boards may simultaneously share one or more processors.

[0278] For example, in one implementation, section 1320 is used to perform the method embodiments described above. Section 1310 is used for related transmit / receive operations in the method embodiments described above. For example, section 1310 is used to transmit or receive DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols.

[0279] It should be understood that Figure 13 is merely an example and not a limitation, and the network device described above, including the transceiver unit and the processing unit, may not depend on the structure shown in Figure 13.

[0280] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 1400 provided in an embodiment of this application. Chip 1400 includes one or more (including two) processors 1410 and communication interfaces 1430.

[0281] Optionally, the chip 1400 also includes a memory 1440, which may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides operation instructions and data to the processor 1410. A portion of the memory 1440 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).

[0282] In some implementations, memory 1440 stores elements such as execution modules or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof.

[0283] In this embodiment of the application, the corresponding operation is executed by calling the operation instructions stored in the memory 1440 (the operation instructions can be stored in the operating system).

[0284] The processor 1410 controls the processing operations of any of the first terminals or base stations. The processor 1410 can also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).

[0285] Memory 1440 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to processor 1410. A portion of memory 1440 may also include NVRAM. For example, in an application, memory 1440, communication interface 1430, and memory 1440 are coupled together via bus system 1420, which may include, in addition to data bus, power bus, control bus, and status signal bus, etc. However, for clarity, all buses are labeled as bus system 1420 in Figure 14.

[0286] The methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be applied to or implemented by the processor 1410. The processor 1410 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor 1410 or by instructions in the form of software. The processor 1410 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 1440. Processor 1410 reads the information in memory 1440 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0287] The communication unit described above can be a communication interface of the device, used to receive signals from other devices. For example, when the device is implemented as a chip, the communication unit is the communication interface used by the chip to receive or send signals from other chips or devices.

[0288] This application also provides a communication system, comprising a terminal and a network device. The terminal includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna port is used to transmit a first reference signal, and the second antenna port is used to transmit a second reference signal. The terminal is used to implement embodiments of the above method, and the network device is used to implement embodiments of the above method.

[0289] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to implement the above-described method embodiments.

[0290] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to implement the above-described method embodiments.

[0291] The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant content in any of the communication devices provided above can be found in the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0292] In this embodiment, the terminal device or network device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on top of the hardware layer, and an application layer running on top of the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also called main memory). The operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as Linux, Unix, Android, iOS, or Windows. The application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software. Furthermore, this embodiment does not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution entity of the method provided in this embodiment, as long as it can communicate according to the method provided in this embodiment by running a program that records the code of the method provided in this embodiment. For example, the execution entity of the method provided in this embodiment can be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module in the terminal device or network device that can call and execute a program.

[0293] Furthermore, various aspects or features of this application can be implemented as methods, apparatus, or articles of manufacture using standard programming and / or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein encompasses a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or medium. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or magnetic tapes), optical discs (e.g., compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (DVDs), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMs), cards, sticks, or key drives, etc.). Additionally, the various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying instructions and / or data.

[0294] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0295] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0296] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated into the processor.

[0297] It should be noted that the memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0298] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0299] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0300] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0301] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0302] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0303] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0304] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: sending a first reference signal on a first resource, the first resource comprising a first port, the first port being associated with a first antenna port; sending a first factor, the first factor being determined at least by a reception gain corresponding to the first antenna port and a reference antenna port.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: sending a second reference signal on a second resource, the second resource comprising a second port, the second port being associated with a second antenna port, the second antenna port comprising the reference antenna port, the second resource being associated with the first resource.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, comprises: the first reference signal is used to estimate a channel on the first port, and the first factor is used to compensate the estimated channel on the first port.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first factor is determined according to a difference between a reception gain corresponding to each of the first antenna ports and a reception gain corresponding to the reference antenna port.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first factor is determined according to a difference between a reception gain corresponding to each of the first antenna ports and a reception gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and a difference between a transmission loss corresponding to each of the first antenna ports and a transmission loss corresponding to the reference antenna port.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first factor is determined according to a difference between a reception gain corresponding to each of the first antenna ports and a reception gain corresponding to the reference antenna port, and a difference between a transmission power on the reference antenna port on the second resource and a transmission power on each of the first antenna ports on the first resource.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first factor corresponds to the first resource, and the method further comprises: sending first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate a port corresponding to each of the first factors; or, receiving third indication information, the third indication information being used to indicate a port corresponding to each of the first factors; or, the port corresponding to each of the first factors is predefined; the port corresponding to each of the first factors belongs to the first port.

9. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving a first reference signal on a first resource, the first resource comprising a first port, the first port being associated with a first antenna port; receiving a first factor, the first factor being determined at least by a reception gain corresponding to the first antenna port and a reference antenna port.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The method further comprises: receiving a second reference signal on a second resource, the second resource comprising a second port, the second port being associated with a second antenna port, the second antenna port comprising the reference antenna port, the second resource being associated with the first resource.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, comprises: estimating a channel on the first port according to the first reference signal, and compensating the estimated channel on the first port according to the first factor.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that, The first factor corresponds to the first resource, and the method further comprises: receiving first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate the first resource corresponding to the first factor.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receive second indication information, the second indication information being used for indicating a port corresponding to each of the first factors one by one; or send third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating a port corresponding to each of the first factors one by one; or the port corresponding to each of the first factors one by one is predefined; the port corresponding to each of the first factors one by one belongs to the first port.

14. A communications device, characterized by The apparatus comprises a communication module and a processing module, wherein the processing module is configured to perform the processing actions of the method performed by the device in any one of claims 1-8, and the communication module is configured to perform the receiving or sending actions of the method performed by the terminal in any one of claims 1-8; or the processing module is configured to perform the processing actions of the method performed by the device in any one of claims 9-13, and the communication module is configured to perform the receiving or sending actions of the method performed by the network device in any one of claims 9-13.

15. A communication system, characterized by The system comprises a terminal and a network device. The terminal comprises a first antenna and a second antenna, a first antenna port corresponding to the first antenna is used for sending a first reference signal, and a second antenna port corresponding to the second antenna is used for sending a second reference signal. The terminal is configured to implement the method in any one of claims 1-8, and the network device is configured to implement the method in any one of claims 9-13.

16. A terminal device, comprising: The terminal device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory is configured to store instructions, the processor is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and the execution of the instructions stored in the memory causes the processor to perform the method in any one of claims 1-8 or the method in any one of claims 9-13.

17. A chip, characterized by The chip comprises at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are coupled, the at least one processor is configured to run computer programs or instructions to implement the method in any one of claims 1-8 or the method in any one of claims 9-13, and the communication interface is configured to communicate with other modules outside the chip.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores instructions, when the instructions are executed, the method in any one of claims 1-8 is implemented, or the method in any one of claims 9-13 is implemented.

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