Method used in terminal for wireless communication

Abstract

The present application discloses a method used in a terminal for wireless communication, the method comprising: in response to detecting a radio link failure (RLF), recording RLF information, wherein the RLF information indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first L1 / L2 triggered mobility (LTM) event prior to the detection of the RLF; and sending a first message, the first message being generated from the recorded RLF information; wherein the RLF information comprises whether first signaling was received after the prediction for the first LTM event, the first signaling indicating an LTM cell handover. The solution proposed in the present application facilitates mobility optimization.

Description

A method in a terminal used for wireless communication

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411273621.7, filed on September 11, 2024, and entitled "A method in a terminal used for wireless communication", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to a method for terminal mobility in a wireless communication system, and relates to the problem of radio link failure reporting. BACKGROUND

[0003] The application scenarios of future wireless communication systems are increasingly diversified, and different application scenarios put forward different performance requirements for the system. In order to meet the different performance requirements of various application scenarios, it is decided at the 72nd plenary meeting of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partner Project) RAN (Radio Access Network) to study the New Radio (NR) (or Fifth Generation, 5G), and the NR WI (Work Item) is passed at the 75th plenary meeting of 3GPP RAN, and the standardization work of NR is started.

[0004] In communication, whether it is LTE (Long Term Evolution) or 5G NR, it involves accurate reception of reliable information, optimized energy efficiency, determination of information effectiveness, flexible resource allocation, scalable system structure, efficient non-access layer information processing, low service interruption and drop rate, support for low power consumption, which is of great significance to the normal communication of base stations and user equipment, reasonable scheduling of resources, and balancing of system load. It can be said that it is the cornerstone of high throughput, meeting the communication needs of various services, improving spectrum utilization, and improving service quality. Whether it is eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication) or eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication), it is indispensable. RLM (Radio Link Monitoring) is a process that continuously monitors the quality of the wireless link to ensure the reliability of communication. When RLF (Radio Link Failure) is detected, the network and terminal will try to take recovery measures such as re-establishing the connection or switching to other cells to restore communication. L1 / L2 triggered mobility technology (L1 / L2 Triggered Mobility, LTM) is the latest research content of 3GPP R18 (Release 18), the main purpose is to shorten the terminal in the mobile network in the handover delay and interruption delay, so as to improve the user experience. This technology aims at how to more effectively manage the mobility of user equipment (such as smart phones) in the mobile network when they move from one cell to another, to ensure the continuity and quality of communication. In the traditional 5G New Radio (5G NR) network, the change of the serving cell is usually triggered by layer 3 (L3) measurement and completed through RRC (Radio Resource Control) reconfiguration signaling. This process involves complete layer 2 (L2) and layer 1 (L1) reset, resulting in relatively long latency, more overhead and longer interruption time. The LTM technology aims to optimize this process by using L1 / L2 signaling to reduce latency, overhead and interruption time. LTM is an important progress in the field of mobile communication, which helps to improve the performance and user experience of the network, especially in high-speed mobile scenarios. SUMMARY

[0005] The researchers find that in a wireless communication system, when a terminal detects a radio link failure, how to use the prediction information for LTM events to optimize the network is a problem to be solved.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a solution. In the above problem description, the NR system is taken as an example, and the present application is also applicable to scenarios such as LTE (Long-Term Evolution) or LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) or 5G+ or 6G system, and similar technical effects of the NR system are obtained; further, although the present application gives a specific implementation for the RLF report, the present application can also be used to solve other communication problems, such as network optimization, artificial intelligence, and mobility management; the method proposed in the present application is also very suitable for solving problems in network convergence scenarios. Further, a unified design scheme for different scenarios can also help to reduce hardware complexity and cost. Further, although the original intention of the present application is to target the Uu air interface, the present application can also be used for the PC5 interface, and similar technical effects of the Uu air interface are obtained. Further, although the original intention of the present application is to target the terminal and base station scenario, the present application is also applicable to the V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) scenario, the communication scenario between the terminal and the relay, and the communication scenario between the relay and the base station, and similar technical effects in the terminal and base station scenario are obtained. Further, although the original intention of the present application is to target the terminal and base station scenario, the present application is also applicable to other communication scenarios, and similar technical effects in the terminal and base station scenario are obtained. Further, although the original intention of the present application is to target the TN (Terrestrial Network) scenario, the present application is also applicable to the NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) communication scenario, and similar technical effects in the TN scenario are obtained. In addition, a unified solution for different scenarios can also help to reduce hardware complexity and cost.

[0007] As an embodiment, the explanation of the terminology in the present application refers to the definition of the specification agreement TS36 series of 3GPP.

[0008] As an embodiment, the explanation of the terminology in the present application refers to the definition of the specification agreement TS38 series of 3GPP.

[0009] As an embodiment, the explanation of the terminology in the present application refers to the definition of the specification agreement TS37 series of 3GPP.

[0010] As an embodiment, the event is a term of art in the field.

[0011] It should be noted that the embodiments in any node and the features in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to any other node without conflict. The embodiments and the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict.

[0012] The present application discloses a method in a terminal, characterized in that,

[0013] comprising:

[0014] In response to detecting a radio link failure, record information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; send a first message, the first message is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is met depends on a comparison between a measurement result on at least one RS (Reference Signal) resource passing through an L1 filter and a first threshold; the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event will not be met.

[0015] As an embodiment, the problem to be solved by the present application includes: when detecting a radio link failure, how to report a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure to the network.

[0016] In the above method, the first message sent by the terminal is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure, thereby solving the above problems.

[0017] As an embodiment, the benefits of the above method include: reducing signaling overhead, avoiding misoperation, recording at least one prediction result of the first LTM event avoids the impact of accidental LTM prediction failure on the network, has better flexibility and robustness, and is beneficial to better network optimization.

[0018] As an embodiment, the above method has low complexity.

[0019] As an embodiment, the first message belongs to an RRC layer signaling.

[0020] As an embodiment, the above method can reduce the number of times of reporting measurement results and reduce signaling overhead.

[0021] As an embodiment, the above method specifies the content of the first message to avoid misoperation.

[0022] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0023] The information of the radio link failure indicates results of at least N1 predictions for a first LTM event before the detecting of the radio link failure; the information of the radio link failure indicates results of at least N2 predictions for a second LTM event before the detecting of the radio link failure; wherein the N1 and the N2 are positive integers.

[0024] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0025] The information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is received after one of the at least one prediction for a first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates LTM cell switching.

[0026] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0027] The first signaling indicating LTM cell switching comprises: the first signaling indicating a first condition of performing LTM cell switching, and when the first condition is satisfied, performing LTM cell switching.

[0028] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0029] The information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a result of a first prediction of the results of the at least one prediction for a first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0030] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0031] The information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported or available after a result of an earliest prediction of the results of the at least one prediction for a first LTM event.

[0032] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0033] The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR (Beam Failure Recovery) procedure when the radio link failure is detected.

[0034] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0035] The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for a PSCell at the time of the detected radio link failure, the mobility procedure for a PSCell including at least one of a conditional PSCell Change or Addition (CPAC) and an LTM.

[0036] According to an aspect of the present application, a method is provided for use in a terminal, the method comprising:

[0037] The information of the radio link failure includes a result of the prediction for the first LTM event within a first time window.

[0038] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is finite.

[0039] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is an Internet of Things terminal.

[0040] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is a user equipment.

[0041] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is an access network device.

[0042] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is a vehicle terminal.

[0043] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is a flying object.

[0044] In particular, according to an aspect of the present application, the terminal is a mobile phone.

[0045] A method is disclosed for use in a terminal, the method comprising:

[0046] In response to the detected radio link failure, record information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the detected radio link failure; receive a first message, the first message being generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entry condition of the first LTM event is satisfied depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes at least one of at least one prediction that the entry condition of the first LTM event is satisfied and at least one prediction that the entry condition of the first LTM event will not be satisfied.

[0047] According to an aspect of the present application, a method is provided for use in a terminal, the method comprising:

[0048] The information of the radio link failure indicates results of at least N1 predictions for the first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; the information of the radio link failure indicates results of at least N2 predictions for the second LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; wherein the N1 and the N2 are positive integers.

[0049] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0050] The information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is sent after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates LTM cell switch.

[0051] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0052] The first signaling indicating LTM cell switch comprises: the first signaling indicating a first condition for performing LTM cell switch, and when the first condition is met, performing LTM cell switch.

[0053] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0054] The information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a result of a first prediction of the results of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0055] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0056] The information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported or not after a result of an earliest one of the results of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event.

[0057] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0058] The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure when the radio link failure is detected.

[0059] According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for wireless communication, comprising:

[0060] The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for a PSCell when the radio link failure is detected, the mobility procedure for the PSCell comprising at least one of CPAC and LTM.

[0061] According to one aspect of the present application, it is characterized in that,

[0062] The information of the radio link failure comprises a result of the prediction for the first LTM event within a first time window.

[0063] The present application discloses a terminal comprising:

[0064] The terminal comprises one or more processors and a memory;

[0065] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is configured to store computer program codes, the computer program codes comprising computer instructions, and the one or more processors are configured to invoke the computer instructions to cause the terminal to perform any one of the methods in the methods of the terminal.

[0066] The present application discloses a base station comprising:

[0067] The base station comprises one or more processors and a memory;

[0068] The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is configured to store computer program codes, the computer program codes comprising computer instructions, and the one or more processors are configured to invoke the computer instructions to cause the base station to perform any one of the methods in the methods used in the base station.

[0069] As one embodiment, compared with the conventional scheme, the present application has the following advantages:

[0070] Better support for RLF report and LTM, ensuring the quality of communication and avoiding disconnection, especially avoiding disconnection caused by switching.

[0071] Better support for transmission of services with high latency requirements, such as including XR services.

[0072] Better support for transmission of services with strong burstiness, such as including XR services.

[0073] Avoiding inconsistent understanding of RLF report by the network and the terminal, and avoiding misoperation.

[0074] Can reduce signaling overhead, for example, the first message indicates the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event, avoiding multiple reporting of measurement results and reducing signaling overhead.

[0075] Different from traditional L3 measurement based events, such as event A2, event A3, event A4, event A5 and the like defined in 3GPP protocol, the LTM Event is based on L1 measurement, more sensitive, smaller granularity, more accurate, tens to hundreds of times faster than L3 measurement, greatly expands the network optimization space by using the prediction based LTM Event, is a new potential optimization method, and has very important significance for assisting in improving network performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0076] Other features, objects, and advantages of the application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0077] Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of receiving terminal communication according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture of a user plane and a control plane according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of wireless signal transmission according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a first LTM event prediction number according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a prediction result for a first LTM event within a first time window according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Fig. 8 shows a flowchart of a situation where other procedures exist when RLF is detected according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Fig. 9 shows a structural block diagram of a processing device in a terminal according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Fig. 10 shows a structural block diagram of a processing device in a base station according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Fig. 11 shows a schematic diagram of transmission of a first notification and a second notification according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of an intelligent model according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of intelligent function deployment of a RAN (Radio Access Network) domain, according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of intelligent function deployment of a UE, according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG. 15 shows a flowchart based on artificial intelligence or machine learning, according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0093] Embodiment 1

[0094] Embodiment 1 shows a flowchart of receiving terminal communication, according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, each block represents a step, and it is particularly emphasized that the order of the blocks in the figure does not represent the time sequence between the steps represented.

[0095] In embodiment 1, the terminal in the present application detects a radio link failure in step 101; records information of the radio link failure in step 102; and sends a first message in step 103.

[0096] In response to detecting a radio link failure, the information of the radio link failure is recorded; the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the radio link failure is detected; a first message is sent, which is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; whether the entry condition of the first LTM event is met depends on the comparison between the measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through an L1 filter and a first threshold; the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes at least one of at least one prediction that the entry condition of the first LTM event is met and at least one prediction that the entry condition of the first LTM event will not be met.

[0097] As an embodiment, the terminal is a UE (User Equipment).

[0098] As an embodiment, the terminal refers to a communication device composed of hardware such as baseband, radio frequency, and one or two SIM cards.

[0099] As an embodiment, the first message is an RRC message.

[0100] As one embodiment, the first LTM event refers to one LTM event.

[0101] As one embodiment, the terminal is in RRC connected state.

[0102] As one embodiment, any parameter in this application is either configured by network or can be generated by the terminal according to internal algorithm, e.g. randomly.

[0103] As one embodiment, the value of any parameter in this application, including but not limited to the information of radio link failure, measurement result, first threshold, is limited unless specifically stated.

[0104] As one sub-embodiment of this embodiment, the upper limit of the value of any parameter in this application is 1024 times of 65536.

[0105] As one sub-embodiment of this embodiment, the upper limit of the value of any parameter in this application is 65536 or 65535.

[0106] As one sub-embodiment of this embodiment, the upper limit of the value of any parameter in this application is 1024.

[0107] As one sub-embodiment of this embodiment, the upper limit of the value of any parameter in this application is 640 or 320.

[0108] As one embodiment, this application is for NR.

[0109] As one embodiment, this application is for wireless communication network after NR.

[0110] As one embodiment, the radio link failure is due to T310 expiry.

[0111] As one embodiment, the radio link failure is caused by random access problem.

[0112] As one embodiment, the radio link failure is due to source MCG (Master Cell Group) RLC (Radio Link Control) indicating reaching maximum retransmission number.

[0113] As one embodiment, the radio link failure is due to source MCG MAC (Medium Access Control) issuing consistency uplink LBT failure indication.

[0114] As an embodiment, the first LTM event comprises a measurement result for a serving cell being less than a first target threshold; the first RRC message indicates the first target threshold; and the first LTM event is an Event A2.

[0115] As an embodiment, the first LTM event comprises a measurement result for a candidate cell being greater than a measurement result for a serving cell plus an offset; the first LTM event is an Event A3.

[0116] As an embodiment, the first LTM event comprises a measurement result for a candidate cell being greater than a second target threshold; the first RRC message indicates the second target threshold; and the first LTM event is an Event A4.

[0117] As an embodiment, the first LTM event comprises a measurement result for a serving cell being less than a third target threshold and a measurement result for a candidate cell being greater than a fourth target threshold; the first RRC message indicates the third target threshold and the fourth target threshold; and the first LTM event is an Event A5.

[0118] As an embodiment, the first LTM event occurs before the RLF.

[0119] As an embodiment, the predicted first LTM event occurs before the RLF.

[0120] As an embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is a result of one prediction.

[0121] As an embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is a result of multiple predictions.

[0122] As an embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is predicted by AI.

[0123] As an embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is performed by an intelligent model of the terminal for the LTM event prediction.

[0124] As an embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is performed by the terminal based on a UE implementation.

[0125] As an embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is performed by the terminal based on a network configuration.

[0126] As an embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is performed by the terminal based on a UE implementation and a network configuration.

[0127] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is based on recent measurements.

[0128] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is based on previous measurements.

[0129] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is based on information stored by the terminal.

[0130] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction is based on information provided by the network.

[0131] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction comprises inference.

[0132] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction comprises training.

[0133] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction comprises both training and inference.

[0134] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction comprises predicting link quality.

[0135] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction refers to predicting whether an LTM event will occur.

[0136] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction refers to predicting a probability of an LTM event occurring.

[0137] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction refers to predicting a time of an LTM event occurring.

[0138] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction refers to predicting a time interval in which an LTM event will not occur.

[0139] As one embodiment, the first LTM event prediction refers to predicting a probability of an LTM event occurring as a function of time.

[0140] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction is for mobility of a source serving cell.

[0141] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction is for mobility of a source SpCell.

[0142] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is the same.

[0143] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is different.

[0144] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is Event A2.

[0145] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is Event A3.

[0146] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is Event A4.

[0147] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is Event A5.

[0148] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is one of Event A2, A3, A4, A5.

[0149] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is one of Event LTM2, Event LTM3, Event LTM4, Event LTM5.

[0150] As one embodiment, any LTM event in the result of the at least one prediction is one of LTM Event2, LTM Event3, LTM Event4, LTM Event5.

[0151] As one embodiment, the candidate cell is a candidate SpCell.

[0152] As one embodiment, the candidate cell is a LTM candidate SpCell.

[0153] As one embodiment, the candidate cell is a target SpCell.

[0154] As one embodiment, the candidate cell is a candidate target SpCell.

[0155] As one embodiment, the SpCell is a PCell.

[0156] As one embodiment, the SpCell is a PSCell.

[0157] As one embodiment, the first message is an air interface signaling.

[0158] As one embodiment, the first message is transmitted over a PUSCH.

[0159] As one embodiment, the first message is transmitted over a PUCCH.

[0160] As one embodiment, the first message is SRB1 (Signalling radio bearer).

[0161] As one embodiment, the first message is SRB2.

[0162] As one embodiment, the first message comprises a UEAssistanceInformation IE.

[0163] As one embodiment, the first message comprises a UEInformationResponse IE.

[0164] As one embodiment, the first message comprises a rlf-Report IE.

[0165] As one embodiment, the first message comprises measResultLastServCell.

[0166] As one embodiment, the first message comprises measResultNeighCells.

[0167] As one embodiment, the first message comprises measResultListNR.

[0168] As one embodiment, the first message comprises measResultListEUTRA.

[0169] As one embodiment, the benefit of using the first message is lower complexity.

[0170] As one embodiment, the first message indicates that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met.

[0171] As one embodiment, the first message indicates that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met multiple times.

[0172] As one embodiment, the first message indicates the measurement result when the entering condition of the first LTM event is met.

[0173] As one embodiment, the first message indicates the measurement result when the entering condition of the first LTM event is met multiple times.

[0174] As one embodiment, the first message indicates that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met.

[0175] As one embodiment, the first message indicates that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met multiple times.

[0176] As one embodiment, the first message indicates the measurement result when the entering condition of the first LTM event is not satisfied.

[0177] As one embodiment, the first message indicates the measurement result when the entering condition of the first LTM event is not satisfied multiple times.

[0178] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates the type of the first LTM event.

[0179] As one embodiment, the measurement result is after L1 filter.

[0180] As one embodiment, the first threshold is indicated before the LTM event occurs.

[0181] As one embodiment, the first threshold is indicated before the RLF.

[0182] As one embodiment, the first threshold is indicated by the network.

[0183] As one embodiment, the different LTM events have different first thresholds.

[0184] As one embodiment, the first threshold refers to the first target threshold.

[0185] As one embodiment, the first threshold refers to the second target threshold.

[0186] As one embodiment, the first threshold refers to the third target threshold.

[0187] As one embodiment, the first threshold refers to the fourth target threshold.

[0188] As one embodiment, the first threshold is pre-configured.

[0189] As one embodiment, the first threshold is updatable.

[0190] As one embodiment, the first threshold is obtained by calculation.

[0191] As one embodiment, the result of at least one prediction of the first LTM event includes predicting that the first LTM event is satisfied and predicting that the first LTM event is not satisfied.

[0192] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied refers to the comparison result of the measurement result on at least one RS resource after L1 filter and the first threshold is Event A2.

[0193] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a serving cell is less than a first target threshold.

[0194] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A3 is true.

[0195] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a candidate cell is greater than a measurement result for a serving cell plus an offset.

[0196] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A4 is true.

[0197] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a candidate cell is greater than a second target threshold.

[0198] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A5 is true.

[0199] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a serving cell is less than a third target threshold and a measurement result for a candidate cell is greater than a fourth target threshold.

[0200] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction of the first LTM event includes a prediction that the first LTM event is satisfied and a prediction that the first LTM event is not satisfied.

[0201] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A2 is not true.

[0202] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a serving cell is not less than a first target threshold.

[0203] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A3 is not true.

[0204] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a candidate cell is not greater than a measurement result for a serving cell plus an offset.

[0205] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A4 is not true.

[0206] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a candidate cell is not greater than a second target threshold.

[0207] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a comparison result of a measurement on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold is that the Event A5 is not true.

[0208] As one embodiment, the at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied means that a measurement result for a serving cell is not less than a third target threshold or a measurement result for a candidate cell is not greater than a fourth target threshold.

[0209] As one embodiment, the not less than is equal to.

[0210] As one embodiment, the not less than is greater than.

[0211] As one embodiment, the not greater than is equal to.

[0212] As one embodiment, the not greater than is less than.

[0213] As one embodiment, the results of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event are all predictions that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied.

[0214] As one embodiment, the results of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event are all predictions that the entering condition of the first LTM event will not be satisfied.

[0215] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is partially predicting that the first LTM event is satisfied and partially predicting that the first LTM event is not satisfied.

[0216] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes that there is only one predicted result.

[0217] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes that there are multiple predicted results.

[0218] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is all successfully reported.

[0219] As one embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event is all successfully reported to the network.

[0220] As one embodiment, the terminal is required to record the result of at least multiple predictions for the first LTM event.

[0221] As one embodiment, how many times the terminal is required to record the result of the prediction for the first LTM event depends on the first LTM event.

[0222] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, different first LTM events have different numbers of predictions for the first LTM event.

[0223] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, different first LTM events have the same number of predictions for the first LTM event.

[0224] As one embodiment, the terminal has a first UE capability, and the first UE capability supports AI / ML (artificial intelligence / machine learning).

[0225] As one embodiment, the terminal sends a first UE capability, and the prediction of the first LTM event depends on the first UE capability.

[0226] Embodiment 2

[0227] Embodiment 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to the present application, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0228] FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram of a network architecture 200 for a 5G NR, LTE (Long-Term Evolution), and LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system. The 5G NR or LTE network architecture 200 can be referred to as a 5GS (5G System) / EPS (Evolved Packet System) 200 or some other suitable terminology. The 5GS / EPS 200 can include one or more UEs (User Equipment) 201, NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) 202, 5GC (5G Core Network) / EPC (Evolved Packet Core) 210, HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / UDM (Unified Data Management) 220, and Internet services 230. The 5GS / EPS can interconnect with other access networks, but these entities / interfaces are not shown for simplicity. As shown, the 5GS / EPS provides packet-switched services, however, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, that the various concepts presented throughout this application are amenable to use with networked systems including a mixture of packet-switched and circuit-switched services or other cellular networks. The NG-RAN includes an NR Node-B (gNB) 203 and other gNBs 204. The gNB 203 provides user and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 201. The gNB 203 can be connected to the other gNBs 204 via an Xn interface (e.g., backhaul). The gNB 203 can also be referred to as a base station, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a TRP (Transmit Receive Point), or some other suitable terminology. The gNB 203 provides access to the 5GC / EPC 210 for the UE 201. Examples of UEs 201 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a non-tower based communication, satellite mobile communication, global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a drone, a flying vehicle, a narrowband internet of things device, a machine type communication device, a land vehicle, a car, a wearable device, or any other similar functional device. Those skilled in the art will also readily appreciate that the UE 201 can be referred to as a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wirelessThe gNB 203 is connected by means of the S1 / NG interface to the 5GC / EPC 210. The 5GC / EPC 210 includes a MME (Mobility Management Entity) / AMF (Authentication Management Field) / SMF (Session Management Function) 211, other MME / AMF / SMF 214, a S-GW (Service Gateway) / UPF (User Plane Function) 212, and a P-GW (Packet Date Network Gateway) / UPF 213. The MME / AMF / SMF 211 is the control node that handles signaling between the UE 201 and the 5GC / EPC 210. Generally, the MME / AMF / SMF 211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocal) packets are transferred through the S-GW / UPF 212, which itself is connected to the P-GW / UPF 213. The P-GW provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The P-GW / UPF 213 is connected to Internet services 230. The Internet services 230 include operator corresponding Internet protocol services, which can include the Internet, an intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), and packet switched streaming services, among others.

[0229] As one embodiment, the terminal in the present application is the UE 201.

[0230] As one embodiment, the network node base station in the present application is the gNB 203.

[0231] As one embodiment, the wireless link from the UE 201 to the NR Node B is an uplink.

[0232] As one embodiment, the wireless link from the NR Node B to the UE 201 is a downlink.

[0233] As one embodiment, the UE 201 supports relay transmission.

[0234] As one embodiment, the UE 201 is a mobile phone.

[0235] As one embodiment, the UE 201 is a vehicle, including a car.

[0236] As one embodiment, the gNB 203 is a Macro Cellular base station.

[0237] As one embodiment, the gNB 203 is a Micro Cell base station.

[0238] As one embodiment, the gNB 203 is a Pico Cell base station.

[0239] As one embodiment, the gNB 203 is a flying platform device.

[0240] As one embodiment, the gNB 203 is a satellite device.

[0241] Embodiment 3

[0242] Embodiment 3 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a user plane and control plane wireless protocol architecture according to the present application, as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for the user plane 350 and control plane 300, Figure 3 shows the radio protocol architecture for the control plane 300 between the terminal (UE, gNB) and network node (gNB, UE), or two UEs, with three layers, L1, L2, and L3. Layer 1 (LI layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (Physical layer) signal processing functions. The LI layer will be referred to as the PHY 301 herein. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 is above the PHY 301 and is responsible for the link between the terminal and the network node, as well as two UEs, through the PHY 301. The L2 layer 305 includes a MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer 302, a RLC (Radio Link Control) sublayer 303, and a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) sublayer 304, which are terminated at the network node. The PDCP sublayer 304 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. The PDCP sublayer 304 also provides security through encryption of data packets, as well as providing handover support for the terminal between network nodes. The RLC sublayer 303 provides segmentation and reassembly of upper layer data packets, retransmission of lost data packets, and reordering of data packets to compensate for out-of-order reception due to HARQ. The MAC sublayer 302 provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels. The MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating the various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) in one cell among the terminals. The MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations. The RRC sublayer 306 in layer 3 (L3 layer) in the control plane 300 is responsible for obtaining radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and configuring the lower layers using RRC signaling between the network node and the terminal. The radio protocol architecture of the user plane 350 includes layer 1 (LI layer) and layer 2 (L2 layer), which are generally the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in the control plane 300 for the physical layer 351, the PDCP sublayer 354 in the L2 layer 355, the RLC sublayer 353 in the L2 layer 355, and the MAC sublayer 352 in the L2 layer 355 for the terminal and network node in the user plane 350, but the PDCP sublayer 354 also provides header compression for upper layer data packets to reduce radio transmission overhead.The L2 layer 355 in the user plane 350 also includes a SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356, which is responsible for the mapping between a QoS flow and a data radio bearer (DRB) to support the diversity of services. An SRB can be seen as a service or interface provided by the PDCP layer to a higher layer, such as the RRC layer. In the NR system, the SRB includes SRB1, SRB2, and SRB3, which are used to transmit different types of control signaling. The SRB is a bearer between the UE and the access network, and is used to transmit control signaling including RRC signaling between the UE and the access network. The SRB1 is of particular significance to the UE, and each UE establishes an RRC connection after which there is an SRB1 for transmitting RRC signaling, and most signaling is transmitted through the SRB1. If the SRB1 is interrupted or cannot be used, the UE must perform RRC reestablishment; each RRC connection establishes an SRB1. The SRB2 is generally used only to transmit NAS signaling or signaling related to security; each RRC connection establishes an SRB2. The UE can not configure the SRB3. Except for emergency services, the UE must establish an RRC connection with the network to enable subsequent communication. Although not shown, the terminal can have several upper layers above the L2 layer 355. In addition, a network layer (for example, an IP layer) that terminates at a P-GW on the network side and an application layer that terminates at the other end (for example, a remote UE, a server, and the like) of the connection are also included.

[0243] As one embodiment, the wireless protocol architecture in FIG. 3 is applicable to the terminal in the present application.

[0244] As one embodiment, the wireless protocol architecture in FIG. 3 is applicable to the network node in the present application.

[0245] As one embodiment, the first message in the present application is generated at the RRC 306 or the MAC 302 or the PHY 301.

[0246] Embodiment 4

[0247] Embodiment 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a first communication device 450 and a second communication device 410 communicating with each other in an access network.

[0248] The first communication device 450 includes a controller / processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmit processor 468, a receive processor 456, and optionally a multi-antenna transmit processor 457, a multi-antenna receive processor 458, a transmitter / receiver 454, and an antenna 452.

[0249] The second communication device 410 includes a controller / processor 475, a memory 476, a receive processor 470, a transmit processor 416, and optionally, a multi-antenna receive processor 472, a multi-antenna transmit processor 471, a transmitter / receiver 418, and antennas 420.

[0250] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, upper layer packets from a core network are provided to the controller / processor 475 at the second communication device 410. The controller / processor 475 implements functionality of the L2 layer. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 475 provides header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation for the first communication device 450 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 475 is also responsible for retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the first communication device 450. The transmit processor 416 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the LI layer (i.e., physical layer). The transmit processor 416 implements coding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communication device 410, and mapping of coded bits to modulation symbols based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding of the coded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing, to generate one or more spatial streams. The transmit processor 416 then maps to each spatial stream to a subcarrier, multiplexes the stream with reference signals (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then performs an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a time-domain multicarrier symbol stream for the physical channel. The multi-antenna transmit processor 471 then performs transmit analog precoding / beamforming operations on the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multicarrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 into a radio frequency stream, and then provides the radio frequency stream to the different antennas 420.

[0251] In transmissions from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the first communication device 450, each receiver 454 receives a signal through its respective antenna 452. Each receiver 454 recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the recovered information at baseband as a stream of symbols to a receive processor 456. The receive processor 456 and a multiple access receiver processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the Ll layer. The multiple access receiver processor 458 performs receive analog precoding / beamforming operations on the baseband multiple access symbol streams from the receivers 454. The receive processor 456 converts the baseband multiple access symbol streams from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signals and the reference signals are demultiplexed from the received symbol streams by the receive processor 456, with the reference signals to be used for channel estimation and the data signals to be recovered after multiple access detection in the multiple access receiver processor 458 for any spatial streams destined for the first communication device 450. The symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered by the receive processor 456 and used to generate soft decisions. The receive processor 456 then decodes and de-interleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 410 on the physical channel. The upper layer data and control signals are then provided to a controller / processor 459. The controller / processor 459 implements the functions of the L2 layer. The controller / processor 459 can be associated with a memory 460 that stores program codes and data. The memory 460 can be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In transmissions from the second communication device 410 to the second communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer data packets from the core network. The upper layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Various control signals can also be provided to the L3 for L3 processing.

[0252] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, at the first communication device 450, a data source 467 is used to provide upper layer data packets to a controller / processor 459. The data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmit function at the second communication device 410 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 implements header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocations, implements L2 layer functionality for the user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 459 is also responsible for error detection, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the second communication device 410. A transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping, channel coding processing, and a multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based precoding and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing, and then the transmit processor 468 modulates the resulting spatial streams into multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol streams, which are then provided to different antennas 452 via transmitters 454 after analog precoding / beamforming operations in the multi-antenna transmit processor 457. Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 into a radio frequency signal, and then provides the radio frequency signal to the antenna 452.

[0253] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the functions at the second communication device 410 are similar to the receive functions at the first communication device 450 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450. Each receiver 418 receives a radio frequency signal through its respective antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and provides the baseband signal to a multi-antenna receive processor 472 and a receive processor 470. The receive processor 470 and the multi-antenna receive processor 472 collectively implement the functionality of the L1 layer. A controller / processor 475 implements the functionality of the L2 layer. The controller / processor 475 can be associated with a memory 476 that stores program codes and data. The memory 476 can be referred to as a computer readable medium. In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the controller / processor 475 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer data packets from the UE 450. Upper layer data packets from the controller / processor 475 can be provided to a core network.

[0254] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 comprises: at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first communication device 450 apparatus at least: in response to detecting a radio link failure, record information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure is indicative of at least one predicted outcome for a first LTM event prior to the detecting the radio link failure; transmit a first message, the first message being generated from the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the at least one predicted outcome for a first LTM event comprises at least one of: at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not fulfilled.

[0255] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 comprises: a memory storing a computer readable program of instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, causes actions comprising: in response to detecting a radio link failure, record information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure is indicative of at least one predicted outcome for a first LTM event prior to the detecting the radio link failure; transmit a first message, the first message being generated from the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passed through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the at least one predicted outcome for a first LTM event comprises at least one of: at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not fulfilled.

[0256] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 comprises: at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the second communication device 410 to perform at least the following: record information of a radio link failure as a response to detecting the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least one predicted result for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; receive a first message, the first message being generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is met depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold; the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met.

[0257] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 comprises: a memory storing a computer readable program of instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, causes actions comprising: sending a first RRC message, wherein the first RRC message configures at least one event, the first RRC message comprising configuration information of a first cell; recording information of a radio link failure as a response to detecting the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least one predicted result for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; receiving a first message, the first message being generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is met depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold; the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met.

[0258] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 corresponds to a terminal in the present application.

[0259] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 corresponds to a network node in the present application.

[0260] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a UE.

[0261] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a vehicle-mounted terminal.

[0262] As an embodiment, the first communication device 450 is a mobile phone.

[0263] As an embodiment, the second communication device 450 is a relay.

[0264] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a satellite.

[0265] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is an aircraft.

[0266] As an embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a base station.

[0267] As an embodiment, the receiver 454 (including the antenna 452), the receiving processor 456 and the controller / processor 459 are used for transmitting the first message in the present application.

[0268] As an embodiment, the receiver 454 (including the antenna 452), the receiving processor 456 and the controller / processor 459 are used for receiving the first signaling in the present application.

[0269] As an embodiment, the transmitter 418 (including the antenna 420), the transmitting processor 416 and the controller / processor 475 are used for receiving the first message in the present application.

[0270] As an embodiment, the transmitter 418 (including the antenna 420), the transmitting processor 416 and the controller / processor 475 are used for transmitting the first signaling in the present application.

[0271] Embodiment 5

[0272] Embodiment 5 illustrates a flow chart of wireless signal transmission according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 5, U01 corresponds to a terminal of the present application, and it is particularly stated that the sequence in the present example does not limit the sequence of signal transmission and implementation in the present application.

[0273] For the terminal U01, in step S5101, it is detected whether RLF will occur; if RLF is not detected, step S5102 is executed, otherwise, step S5104 is executed; in step S5102, a first LTM event is predicted; in step S5103, the prediction result of the first LTM event is recorded; in step S5104, RLF information is recorded; in step S5105, a first message is transmitted; in step S5106, a first signaling is received; in step S5107, it is judged whether a first condition is met, if the first condition is met, step S5108 is executed, otherwise, step S5108 is not executed; in step S5108, LTM cell switching is executed.

[0274] For the base station N02, a first message is received in step S5201; a first signaling is sent in step S5202.

[0275] In embodiment 5, in response to detecting a radio link failure, information of the radio link failure is recorded; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; a first message is sent, the first message is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter and a first threshold; the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event includes at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not satisfied. The information of the radio link failure includes whether a first signaling is received after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates an LTM cell switch. The first signaling indicating an LTM cell switch includes that the first signaling indicates a first condition of performing an LTM cell switch, when the first condition is satisfied, performing an LTM cell switch.

[0276] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is a maintaining base station of a serving cell of the terminal U01.

[0277] As an embodiment, the base station N02 is a maintaining base station of the serving cell.

[0278] As an embodiment, the sequence order in FIG. 5 is the order of step execution.

[0279] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected through a wireless connection.

[0280] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected through a wired connection.

[0281] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 and the base station N02 are connected through a Uu interface.

[0282] As an embodiment, the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event is predicted by an intelligent model for predicting LTM events.

[0283] As an embodiment, a parameter of the intelligent model for predicting LTM events is provided by the base station N02.

[0284] As a sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the advantage of the above-mentioned method is that the base station has more comprehensive information and can uniformly schedule the terminal.

[0285] As an embodiment, the parameter of the intelligent model for predicting the LTM event is obtained by the terminal U01 training itself.

[0286] As a sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the advantage of the above-mentioned method is that the terminal can adjust the intelligent model according to its own situation, which is more flexible.

[0287] As an embodiment, the parameter of the intelligent model for the LTM prediction includes the identification of the intelligent model for the LTM prediction.

[0288] As an embodiment, the parameter of the intelligent model for the LTM prediction includes the type of the intelligent model for the LTM prediction.

[0289] As an embodiment, optionally, the terminal U01 sends first UE capability information (not shown in the above-mentioned FIG. 5); wherein the first UE capability information indicates that the terminal U01 supports LTM event prediction.

[0290] As an embodiment, the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event relies on the first UE capability information indicating that the terminal U01 supports LTM event prediction.

[0291] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information includes one RRC message; the one RRC message indicates that the terminal U01 supports LTM event prediction.

[0292] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information includes one RRC message and one MAC CE; the one RRC message indicates a plurality of UE capabilities; and the one MAC CE indicates that the terminal U01 supports LTM event prediction from the plurality of UE capabilities.

[0293] As an embodiment, the one RRC message is a UECapabilityInformation message.

[0294] As an embodiment, the one RRC message is a UEAssistanceInformation message.

[0295] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates the parameter of at least one intelligent model supported by the terminal U01; optionally, the parameter can be the identification of the intelligent model, the type of the intelligent model, the function of the intelligent model, etc.

[0296] As a sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, one of the at least one intelligent model supported by the terminal U01 is an intelligent model for the LTM event prediction.

[0297] As an embodiment, the first UE capability information indicates that the terminal U01 supports LTM event prediction.

[0298] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 predicts a first LTM event when no RLF is detected.

[0299] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 records a prediction result after predicting a first LTM event.

[0300] As an embodiment, the terminal U01 saves a prediction result after predicting a first LTM event.

[0301] As an embodiment, the RLF information is recorded if an RLF is detected.

[0302] As an embodiment, the RLF information indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event.

[0303] As an embodiment, the RLF information indicates a prediction result within a time interval before an RLF is detected.

[0304] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is predefined.

[0305] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the first RRC message contains the time interval configuration.

[0306] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is optional.

[0307] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is obtained by calculation.

[0308] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is obtained by inference.

[0309] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is obtained by AI training.

[0310] As a dependent embodiment of the above-mentioned sub-embodiment, the time interval is determined by the terminal.

[0311] As an embodiment, the RLF information is generated by a prediction result of a recorded first LTM event.

[0312] As one embodiment, the first message is generated by the RLF information.

[0313] As one embodiment, the first message indicates a prediction result of a first LTM event of the record.

[0314] As one embodiment, the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied refers to at least one of the Event A2, A3, A4, A5 is satisfied.

[0315] As one embodiment, the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied refers to any one of the Event A2, A3, A4, A5 is satisfied.

[0316] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 sends the first message.

[0317] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the terminal U01 sends the first message and then listens to the first signaling.

[0318] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the terminal U01 sends the first message and then listens to the first signaling within a time interval.

[0319] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the terminal U01 sends the first message and then listens to the first signaling on a specified time-frequency resource.

[0320] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the terminal U01 sends the first message and then starts a first timer, and listens to the first signaling before the first timer expires.

[0321] As one embodiment, the terminal U01 receives the first signaling.

[0322] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure comprises whether the first condition is satisfied before the radio link failure is detected.

[0323] As one embodiment, the first condition is based on prediction.

[0324] As one embodiment, the first condition is not based on prediction.

[0325] As one embodiment, the first condition is based on measurement.

[0326] As one sub-embodiment of the embodiment, the first condition is based on measurement refers to based on measurement on the at least one RS resource.

[0327] As a sub-embodiment of this embodiment, the first condition being based on measurements refers to being based on measurements on RS resources other than the at least one RS resource.

[0328] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0329] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0330] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0331] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0332] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0333] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the first condition starts being evaluated after receiving the first signaling.

[0334] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, in response to the first signaling being received, the MAC sublayer of the terminal sends a first indication to the RRC sublayer of the terminal.

[0335] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, in response to the first signaling comprising a first indication, the MAC sublayer of the terminal passes the first indication to the RRC sublayer of the terminal.

[0336] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, in response to the RRC sublayer of the terminal receiving the first indication, the first condition is applied.

[0337] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, in response to the RRC sublayer of the terminal receiving the first indication, the first condition starts being evaluated.

[0338] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, in response to the RRC sublayer of the terminal receiving the first indication, the first condition starts being evaluated.

[0339] As a sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, after the first signaling is received, the configuration information of the LTM cell is applied.

[0340] As a sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the configuration information of the LTM cell is applied as a response to the first condition being met.

[0341] As an embodiment, the first signaling triggers the terminal to perform LTM cell switching.

[0342] As an embodiment, the first signaling triggers the terminal to immediately perform LTM cell switching.

[0343] As an embodiment, the information of the radio link failure includes whether the first signaling is received after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event.

[0344] Embodiment 6

[0345] Embodiment 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of the number of first LTM event predictions according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0346] For the terminal U01, it is detected whether RLF will occur in step S6101; if RLF is not detected, step S6102 is performed, otherwise, step S6104 is performed; the first LTM event is predicted in step S6102; the prediction result of the first LTM event is recorded in step S6103; it is determined whether the number of measurement results is greater than N in step S6104; if the number of measurement results is greater than N, step S6105 is performed, otherwise, step S6105 is not performed; the RLF information is generated in step S5105.

[0347] In embodiment 6, the information of the radio link failure includes N pairs of L1 filtered measurement results after the result of the first prediction in the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event on the at least one RS resource; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1. The information of the radio link failure includes whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported after the result of the earliest prediction in the result of at least one prediction for the first LTM event.

[0348] As an embodiment, the use of the L1 filter reduces measurement noise and error, and the terminal can quickly and low-latency perform switching.

[0349] As an embodiment, the L1 filter is located in the physical layer.

[0350] As an embodiment, the L1 filter can directly process signals, including modulation, demodulation, frequency conversion, signal amplification, etc.

[0351] As an embodiment, the L1 filter is able to eliminate or reduce noise and interference in the received signal, ensuring signal quality.

[0352] As an embodiment, the type of the L1 filter includes low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter and band-stop filter.

[0353] As an embodiment, the prediction result for the first LTM event requires at least N L1-filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource to generate the RLF information.

[0354] As an embodiment, the prediction result for the first LTM event does not require N L1-filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource to generate the RLF information.

[0355] As an embodiment, the above method provides enough measurement results to the base station, which is able to make more correct decisions.

[0356] As an embodiment, the L1-filtered measurement result is a measurement result on one RS resource.

[0357] As an embodiment, the L1-filtered measurement result is a measurement result on multiple RS resources.

[0358] As an embodiment, N is a positive integer.

[0359] As an embodiment, N is greater than 1.

[0360] As an embodiment, the earliest prediction result is the first prediction result after the terminal U01 enters the connected state.

[0361] As an embodiment, the earliest prediction result is the first prediction result after the terminal U01 recovers from RLF.

[0362] As an embodiment, the earliest prediction result is the first prediction result within a time interval before RLF.

[0363] As an embodiment, the at least M L1-filtered measurement results are measurement results on the at least one RS resource.

[0364] As an embodiment, the at least M L1-filtered measurement results are measurement results other than the at least one RS resource.

[0365] As one embodiment, the at least M L1-filtered measurement results are measurement results on beams listening PDCCH.

[0366] As one embodiment, the at least M L1-filtered measurement results are measurement results on a current SSB of a current serving cell.

[0367] As one embodiment, the RLF information is generated if there are M L1-filtered measurement results after the earliest one of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event.

[0368] As a sub-embodiment of one of the above embodiments, the benefit of this is to ensure that at least the first predicted result is valid, avoiding the terminal sending the predicted result too late, without enough time to report enough L1-filtered measurement results.

[0369] As one embodiment, the RLF information is generated if there are M L1-filtered measurement results after the earliest one of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event.

[0370] As one embodiment, the RLF information includes the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event and at least N L1-filtered measurement results for any predicted result.

[0371] Embodiment 7

[0372] Embodiment 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of the predicted results for the first LTM event within the first time window according to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 7. In the FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents time, t7.1 is the start time of the first time window, t7.2 is the end time of the first time window, the solid single-headed arrow represents the time when RLF is detected, the dashed single-headed arrow represents the time when the LTM event is predicted, and every other prediction indication period corresponds to a prediction evaluation occasion.

[0373] In embodiment 7, the information of the radio link failure includes the predicted results for the first LTM event within the first time window.

[0374] As one embodiment, the predicted first LTM event depends on the measurement results.

[0375] As one embodiment, the measurement results are RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).

[0376] As one embodiment, the measurement result is RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality).

[0377] As one embodiment, the measurement result is RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator).

[0378] As one embodiment, the measurement result is SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio).

[0379] As one embodiment, the measurement result is distance.

[0380] As one embodiment, the link quality of the serving cell is a L1 filtered measurement result.

[0381] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is indicated by the network.

[0382] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is determined by the terminal.

[0383] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is indicated by the predicted information related to the RLF.

[0384] As one embodiment, the first time window includes at least the P predicted indication periods.

[0385] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (P-1) predicted indication periods.

[0386] As one embodiment, the length of the first time window is not less than (P-1) predicted indication periods and not more than the P predicted indication periods.

[0387] As one embodiment, the P is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0388] As one embodiment, the RLF information includes all the predicted results for the first LTM event within the first time window.

[0389] As one embodiment, the RLF information does not include all the predicted results for the first LTM event outside the first time window.

[0390] As one embodiment, the first time window includes the time instants of the start and end of the first time window.

[0391] As one embodiment, the prediction result for the first LTM event at the start and end time instants of the first time window is used to generate the RLF information.

[0392] Embodiment 8

[0393] Embodiment 8 illustrates a flowchart of the procedure when the RLF is detected, according to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0394] For embodiment 8, in step S801, the RLF is detected; in step S802, it is determined whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure or a mobility procedure for PSCell; in step S803, if there is an ongoing BFR procedure, the BFR procedure is performed; in step S804, if there is an ongoing mobility procedure for PSCell, the mobility procedure for PSCell is performed; in step S805, the RLF information is generated.

[0395] In embodiment 8, the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure when the radio link failure is detected. The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for PSCell when the radio link failure is detected, the mobility procedure for PSCell including at least one of CPAC and LTM.

[0396] As one embodiment, if there is an ongoing BFR procedure or a procedure for PSCell, the BFR procedure or the procedure for PSCell is maintained before the second signaling is received.

[0397] As one embodiment, the mobility procedure for PSCell includes at least one of CPAC and LTM.

[0398] As one embodiment, the second signaling is sent by a base station.

[0399] As one embodiment, the BFR procedure is stopped after the second signaling is received.

[0400] As one embodiment, the BFR procedure is aborted after the second signaling is received.

[0401] As one embodiment, the BFR procedure is continued after the second signaling is received.

[0402] As one embodiment, the mobility procedure for PSCell is stopped after the second signaling is received.

[0403] As one embodiment, the mobility procedure for PSCell is aborted after the second signaling is received.

[0404] As an embodiment, the second signaling is received, and the mobility procedure for PSCell is continued.

[0405] As an embodiment, the second signaling is an RRC signaling.

[0406] As an embodiment, the second signaling is an RRC sub-layer below signaling.

[0407] As an embodiment, the maintaining the BFR procedure or PSCell procedure is continuing the BFR procedure or PSCell procedure.

[0408] As an embodiment, the whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure is used to generate the RLF information.

[0409] As an embodiment, the RLF information containing the whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure is used to generate the first message.

[0410] As an embodiment, if there is an ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure, the first message provides information for the base station to decide whether to maintain the ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure.

[0411] As an embodiment, the second signaling carries the decision of the base station.

[0412] As an embodiment, the above method has the advantage that the base station decides whether to maintain the ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure, and the base station has more comprehensive information and can make a more correct decision.

[0413] As an embodiment, if there is no ongoing BFR procedure or PSCell procedure, the base station does not send the second signaling.

[0414] Embodiment 9

[0415] Embodiment 9 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing device in a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 9. In FIG. 9, the processing device in the terminal 900 includes a first transmitter 901, a first processor 902.

[0416] The first transmitter 901 transmits a first message; wherein the first message is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure.

[0417] The first processor 902 records the information of the radio link failure.

[0418] wherein, in response to detecting the radio link failure, information of the radio link failure is recorded; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least one predicted result of a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is met depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the at least one predicted result of the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met.

[0419] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N1 predicted results of a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N2 predicted results of a second LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; wherein the N1 and the N2 are positive integers.

[0420] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is received after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates an LTM cell switch.

[0421] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the first signaling indicating the LTM cell switch comprises: the first signaling indicating a first condition of performing the LTM cell switch, when the first condition is met, the LTM cell switch is performed.

[0422] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of the L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a first predicted result of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0423] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported or exist after an earliest predicted result of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event.

[0424] As an embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure when the radio link failure is detected.

[0425] As one embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for PSCell at the time of the detected radio link failure, the mobility procedure for PSCell includes at least one of CPAC and LTM.

[0426] As one embodiment, the first processor 902, the information of the radio link failure includes a result of the prediction of the first LTM event within a first time window.

[0427] As one embodiment, the first processor 902 includes a first transmitter.

[0428] As one embodiment, the first processor 902 includes the third module in Figure 12; the third module performs the first LTM event prediction.

[0429] As one embodiment, the first processor 902 includes the intelligent module 1101 in Figure 11; the intelligent module 1101 performs the first LTM event prediction.

[0430] As one embodiment, the first processor 902 includes the inference function 1406 in Figure 14; the inference function 1406 performs the first LTM event prediction.

[0431] As one embodiment, the first processor 902 includes at least one of the antenna 452 or the receiver 454 or the multi-antenna receive processor 458 or the receive processor 456 or the controller / processor 459 or the memory 460 or the data source 467 in Figure 4 of this application.

[0432] As one embodiment, the first receiver includes at least the antenna 452 and the receiver 454 in Figure 4 of this application.

[0433] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 901 includes at least one of the antenna 452 or the transmitter 454 or the multi-antenna transmit processor 457 or the transmit processor 468 or the controller / processor 459 or the memory 460 or the data source 467 in Figure 4 of this application.

[0434] As one embodiment, the first transmitter includes at least the antenna 452 and the transmitter 454 in Figure 4 of this application.

[0435] As an embodiment, the terminal comprises: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled with the one or more processors, and the memory is configured to store computer program codes, the computer program codes comprise computer instructions, and the one or more processors invoke the computer instructions to cause the terminal to perform the method in the present application which is used in the terminal; the one or more processors and the memory comprise the first transmitter 901 and the first processor 902.

[0436] Embodiment 10

[0437] Embodiment 10 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus in a base station according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 10. In FIG. 10, the processing apparatus 1000 in the base station comprises a second transmitter 1001 and a second receiver 1002.

[0438] The second receiver 1002 receives a first message; wherein the first message is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure.

[0439] The second transmitter 1001, wherein the first signaling indicates LTM cell switching.

[0440] In Embodiment 10, in response to detecting a radio link failure, information of the radio link failure is recorded; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least one predicted result of a first LTM event before the detecting of the radio link failure; a first message is received, and the first message is generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is met depends on a comparison between a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through an L1 filter and a first threshold; the at least one predicted result of the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is met and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not met.

[0441] As an embodiment, the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N1 predicted results of a first LTM event before the detecting of the radio link failure; the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N2 predicted results of a second LTM event before the detecting of the radio link failure; wherein the N1 and the N2 are both positive integers.

[0442] As an embodiment, the information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is sent after one prediction in the at least one prediction of the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates LTM cell switching.

[0443] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates that the LTM cell switch comprises a first condition for performing the LTM cell switch, and the LTM cell switch is performed when the first condition is satisfied.

[0444] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a first predicted result in the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0445] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported after an earliest predicted result in the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event.

[0446] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure when the radio link failure is detected.

[0447] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for a PSCell when the radio link failure is detected, the mobility procedure for the PSCell comprising at least one of CPAC and LTM.

[0448] As one embodiment, the information of the radio link failure comprises the predicted results for the first LTM event within a first time window.

[0449] As one embodiment, the processing device 1000 in the base station comprises a second receiver.

[0450] As one embodiment, the processing device 1000 in the base station comprises the third module in FIG. 12.

[0451] As one embodiment, the processing device 1000 in the base station comprises the RAN domain training function 1302 in FIG. 13.

[0452] As one embodiment, the processing device 1000 in the base station comprises the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0453] As one embodiment, the processing device 1000 in the base station comprises one inference function, i.e. 1304 or 1306, in FIG. 13.

[0454] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 1001 comprises at least one of the antenna 420 or the transmitter 418 or the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 or the transmit processor 416 or the controller / processor 475 or the memory 476 in FIG.4 of this application.

[0455] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 1001 comprises at least the antenna 420 and the transmitter 418 in FIG.4 of this application.

[0456] As one embodiment, the second receiver comprises at least one of the antenna 420 or the receiver 418 or the multi-antenna receive processor 472 or the receive processor 470 or the controller / processor 475 or the memory 476 in FIG.4 of this application.

[0457] As one embodiment, the second receiver comprises at least the antenna 420 and the receiver 418 in FIG.4 of this application.

[0458] As one embodiment, the base station comprises: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is configured to store computer program codes, the computer program codes comprise computer instructions, the one or more processors invoke the computer instructions to cause the base station to perform the method in this application which is used in the base station; the one or more processors and the memory comprise the second transmitter 1001.

[0459] Embodiment 11

[0460] Embodiment 11 illustrates a schematic diagram of transmission of the first notification and the second notification according to one embodiment of this application, as shown in FIG.11. The terminal 1100 comprises a smart module 1101 and a legacy module 1102.

[0461] In embodiment 11, the smart module 1101 of the terminal 1100 transmits the first notification; the legacy module 1102 of the terminal 1100 receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates that the first LTM event is predicted.

[0462] In embodiment 11, the smart module 1101 of the terminal 1100 transmits the second notification; the legacy module 1102 of the terminal 1100 receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates that the first LTM event is not predicted.

[0463] As one embodiment, the performing the first LTM prediction comprises transmitting the first notification.

[0464] As one embodiment, the intelligent module 1101 of the terminal 1100 sends a first notification in response to performing a first LTM event prediction; the legitimate module 1102 of the terminal 1100 receives the first notification; wherein the first notification indicates the predicted first LTM event.

[0465] As one embodiment, the performing a first LTM event prediction comprises sending the first notification and receiving the first notification.

[0466] As one embodiment, the first notification comprises information related to the predicted first LTM event.

[0467] As one embodiment, the intelligent module 1101 of the terminal 1100 sends a second notification in response to performing a first LTM event prediction; the legitimate module 1102 of the terminal 1100 receives the second notification; wherein the second notification indicates the non-predicted first LTM event.

[0468] As one embodiment, the performing a first LTM event prediction comprises sending the second notification and receiving the second notification.

[0469] As one embodiment, the second notification comprises information related to the non-predicted first LTM event.

[0470] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the above-mentioned method avoids triggering unreasonable UE behavior by updating prediction information.

[0471] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the above-mentioned method is beneficial to UE decision.

[0472] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the non-predicted first LTM event means that it is predicted that no first LTM event will occur at the occurrence time of the predicted first LTM event.

[0473] As one embodiment, in response to the first notification being received, an indication is sent to a lower layer; the indication is received at the RRC sub-layer.

[0474] As one embodiment, in response to the first notification being received, an indication is sent to an upper layer; the indication is received at the RRC sub-layer.

[0475] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the indication indicates the first notification.

[0476] As one sub-embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the indication comprises the first notification.

[0477] As one embodiment, in response to receiving the second notification, sending an indication to a lower layer; receiving the indication at the RRC sublayer.

[0478] As one embodiment, in response to receiving the second notification, sending an indication to an upper layer; receiving the indication at the RRC sublayer.

[0479] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the indication indicates the second notification.

[0480] As one sub-embodiment of the above embodiment, the indication includes the second notification.

[0481] As one embodiment, the legal module is logical.

[0482] As one embodiment, the legal module is physical.

[0483] As one embodiment, the legal module determines occurrence of the first LTM event if an entry condition of the first LTM event is satisfied.

[0484] As one embodiment, the legal module, in response to receiving the first notification, records a prediction result for the first LTM event.

[0485] As one embodiment, the legal module is a protocol entity.

[0486] As one embodiment, the legal module is an RRC protocol entity.

[0487] As one embodiment, the legal module is at the RRC sublayer.

[0488] As one embodiment, the legal module is at an upper layer of the RRC sublayer.

[0489] As one embodiment, the legal module is at a lower layer of the RRC sublayer.

[0490] As one embodiment, the legal module supports 3GPP Release 17.

[0491] As one embodiment, the legal module supports 3GPP Release 18.

[0492] As one embodiment, the legal module does not have either of a training function or an inference function.

[0493] As one embodiment, the legal module is not an intelligent module.

[0494] As one embodiment, the intelligent module is a hardware.

[0495] As one embodiment, the smart module is a software.

[0496] As one embodiment, the smart module is a program.

[0497] As one embodiment, the smart module is a function.

[0498] As one embodiment, the smart module is a protocol entity.

[0499] As one embodiment, the smart module is an AI entity.

[0500] As one embodiment, the smart module is an ML entity.

[0501] As one embodiment, the smart module is an AI / ML entity.

[0502] As one embodiment, the smart module is logical.

[0503] As one embodiment, the smart module is physical.

[0504] As one embodiment, the smart module performs a first LTM event prediction.

[0505] As one embodiment, the smart module processes the at least one smart model.

[0506] As one embodiment, the smart module includes at least one of the second module or the third module of the smart model of embodiment 12.

[0507] As one embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is defined by a 3GPP protocol.

[0508] As one embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is based on UE implementation.

[0509] As one embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is logical.

[0510] As one embodiment, the interface between the legal module and the smart module is physical.

[0511] Embodiment 12

[0512] Embodiment 12 illustrates a diagram of a smart model according to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 12 includes a first module, a second module, a third module, a fourth module, and a fifth module.

[0513] In the intelligent model shown in Figure 12 of Embodiment 12, the first module sends a first data set to the second module, the first module sends a second data set to the third module, the first module sends a third data set to the fifth module, the fifth module sends a first parameter group to the second module, the fifth module sends a second parameter group to the third module, the fifth module sends a third parameter group to the fourth module, the second module sends a fourth parameter group to the fourth module, and the fourth module sends a fifth parameter group to the third module.

[0514] As an embodiment, the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module in one intelligent model all belong to the terminal.

[0515] The above method avoids air interface signaling interaction and shortens transmission delay.

[0516] As an embodiment, any one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module in one intelligent model does not belong to the terminal.

[0517] The above method reduces the hardware complexity of the terminal.

[0518] As an embodiment, at least one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module in one intelligent model belongs to the terminal; and at least one of the first module, the second module, the third module, the fourth module, and the fifth module belongs to the network node.

[0519] The above method balances the hardware complexity of the terminal and the transmission delay.

[0520] As an embodiment, the first module is used for data collection.

[0521] As an embodiment, the first module is responsible for data collection.

[0522] As an embodiment, the first module has a data collection function.

[0523] As an embodiment, the second module has a training function.

[0524] As an embodiment, the training function is used for model training.

[0525] As an embodiment, the training function is responsible for model training.

[0526] As an example, the training function has a model training function.

[0527] As an example, the training function performs model training.

[0528] As an example, the second module performs validation.

[0529] As an example, the second module performs testing.

[0530] As an example, the second module generates model performance metrics.

[0531] As an example, the second module is responsible for data preparation.

[0532] As an example, the data preparation includes at least one of data pre-processing or cleaning or formatting or transformation.

[0533] As an example, the third module has an inference function.

[0534] As an example, the inference function is used for inference.

[0535] As an example, the inference function is responsible for inference.

[0536] As an example, the fourth module is used for model storage.

[0537] As an example, the fourth module has a model storage function.

[0538] As an example, the fourth module is responsible for storing trained models.

[0539] As an example, the fourth module is responsible for storing trained models that can be used to perform inference processing.

[0540] As an example, the fifth module is used for management.

[0541] As an example, the fifth module is responsible for management.

[0542] As an example, the fifth module has a management function.

[0543] As one embodiment, the fifth module manages the intelligent model.

[0544] As one embodiment, the first data set is training data.

[0545] As one embodiment, the first data set is an input of the second module.

[0546] As one embodiment, the second data set is inference data.

[0547] As one embodiment, the second data set is an input of the third module.

[0548] As one embodiment, the third data set is monitoring data.

[0549] As one embodiment, the third data set is an input of the fifth module.

[0550] As one embodiment, the first type of parameter set includes monitoring output.

[0551] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set includes management instruction.

[0552] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set is used for fine-tune operation of inference function.

[0553] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set includes identification of model.

[0554] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set is used for selecting model.

[0555] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set is used for switching model.

[0556] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set is used for activating / deactivating model.

[0557] As one embodiment, the second type of parameter set is used for reverting intelligent model.

[0558] As one embodiment, the third type of parameter set includes model transfer request.

[0559] As one embodiment, the third type of parameter set includes model delivery request.

[0560] As one embodiment, the fourth type of parameter set includes a trained model.

[0561] As one embodiment, the fourth type of parameter set includes an updated model.

[0562] As one embodiment, the fourth type of parameter set indicates an identity of a model.

[0563] As one embodiment, the fifth type of parameter set includes model transfer.

[0564] As one embodiment, the fifth type of parameter set includes model delivery.

[0565] As one embodiment, the fifth type of parameter set indicates an identity of a model.

[0566] As one embodiment, the first type of output is absent.

[0567] As one embodiment, the first type of output is present.

[0568] As one embodiment, the second module sends the first type of output to the fifth module.

[0569] As one embodiment, the first type of output includes a monitoring output.

[0570] As one embodiment, the second type of output is absent.

[0571] As one embodiment, the second type of output is present.

[0572] As one embodiment, the third module sends the second type of output to the fifth module.

[0573] As one embodiment, the second type of output includes an inference output.

[0574] As one embodiment, the second type of output is used by the fifth module to monitor performance of an AI / ML model.

[0575] As one embodiment, the second type of output indicates a result of the executing a first LTM event prediction.

[0576] As one embodiment, the second type of output indicates the prediction of a first LTM event.

[0577] As an embodiment, the second type of output comprises relevant information of the predicted first LTM event.

[0578] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0579] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0580] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model comprises storage data of the terminal; the storage data can be from a network, can also be from a log of the terminal, and can also be from other RAN nodes.

[0581] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model comprises measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information can be a moving state of the terminal, such as a moving speed, or a number of switched cells in a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information can also be a measurement result for a reference signal, such as a cell-level measurement result, or a beam-level measurement result, or a time-domain measurement result, or a frequency-domain measurement result, or a spatial-domain measurement result, or a combination thereof, etc.

[0582] As an embodiment, the first data set in the intelligent model comprises a measurement result on at least one RS resource filtered by a L1 filter.

[0583] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0584] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0585] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model comprises storage data of the terminal; the storage data can be from a network, can also be from a log of the terminal, and can also be from other RAN nodes.

[0586] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model comprises measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information can be a moving state of the terminal, such as a moving speed, or a number of switched cells in a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information can also be a measurement result for a reference signal, such as a cell-level measurement result, or a beam-level measurement result, or a time-domain measurement result, or a frequency-domain measurement result, or a spatial-domain measurement result, or a combination thereof, etc.

[0587] As an embodiment, the second data set in the intelligent model comprises a measurement result on at least one RS resource filtered by a L1 filter.

[0588] As one embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model is configured by a network.

[0589] As one embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model is determined by the terminal.

[0590] As one embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes storage data of the terminal; the storage data can come from a network, can also come from a log of the terminal, and can also come from other RAN nodes.

[0591] As one embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes measurement information of the terminal; the measurement information can be a mobile state of the terminal, such as a moving speed, or a number of switched cells in a given time interval, etc.; the measurement information can also be a measurement result for a reference signal, such as a cell-level measurement result, or a beam-level measurement result, or a time-domain measurement result, or a frequency-domain measurement result, or a spatial-domain measurement result, or a combination thereof, etc.

[0592] As one embodiment, the third data set in the intelligent model includes a measurement result on at least one RS resource filtered by a L1 filter.

[0593] As one embodiment, a first LTM event prediction is performed by the intelligent model.

[0594] As one embodiment, the embodiment 11 is only for illustrating that the present application can be applied to an intelligent model, the embodiment does not limit that the present application is applied to a non-intelligent operation, and the embodiment does not limit that the present application is applied to other types of intelligent models to achieve an effect equivalent to the intelligent model shown in the figure 11.

[0595] Embodiment 13

[0596] Embodiment 13 illustrates a schematic diagram of intelligent function deployment of a RAN domain according to one embodiment of the present application; as shown in the figure 13. The gNB in the embodiment 13 can be replaced by a network device such as an eNB, or a 6G base station, etc.

[0597] The intelligent functions of the RAN domain include training (also referred to as ML training, or AI training, or AI / ML training) functions, testing (also referred to as ML testing, or AI testing, or AI / ML testing) functions, inference (also referred to as ML inference, or AI inference, or AI / ML inference) functions, and the like. The training functions, the testing functions, the inference functions can be deployed independently, or can be co-located. The deployment of the intelligent functions can be implemented by software, such as the download and / or running of executable files; or can be implemented by software in combination with hardware, such as the acceleration of specific computing units by hardware to improve the operation speed or save power consumption.

[0598] For the training functions, can be deployed in a cross-domain management system, or a domain-specific management system for managing the RAN domain or the CN (Core Network) domain. For example, the training functions for MDA (Management Data Analytics) can be deployed in a MDAF (MDA function); the training for network data analytics can be deployed in a NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function), i.e. the training functions are MTLF (Model Training logical function).

[0599] For the inference functions, can also be deployed in a cross-domain management system, or a domain-specific management system; for example, the inference functions are MDAF, or the inference functions are AnLF (Analytics logical function) located in the NWDAF.

[0600] Similarly, the testing functions can also be deployed in a cross-domain management system, or a domain-specific management system.

[0601] In embodiment 13, the training functions 1302 of the RAN domain are located in the management functions 1303 of the RAN domain; and the inference functions are located in the base stations, i.e. the inference functions 1304 are located in the gNB 1305, and the inference functions 1306 are located in the gNB 1307.

[0602] In FIG. 13, the management of the inference function of the plurality of base stations is completed by the RAN domain management function 1303, i.e., data interaction with the RAN domain MnS (Management Service) consumer / cross-domain management 1301 (as shown by the dashed arrow 1308 in FIG. 13).

[0603] Optionally, the management of the inference function can also be completed by the base station itself, i.e., each base station can independently interact with the RAN domain MnS consumer / cross-domain management 1301.

[0604] It should be noted that the embodiment 13 is only one non-limiting implementation; optionally, the training function of the RAN domain can also be deployed at the base station; or optionally, part of the base stations deploy the inference function and the training function of the RAN domain, and part of the base stations only deploy the inference function.

[0605] As an embodiment, one gNB (or base station) in the embodiment 13 is the base station of the present application.

[0606] As an embodiment, one inference function in FIG. 13 performs the first LTM event prediction.

[0607] Embodiment 14

[0608] The embodiment 14 illustrates a schematic diagram of the deployment of the UE intelligent function according to one embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 14. The training function of the RAN domain 1405 in FIG. 14 is optional.

[0609] The UE intelligent function 1404 is deployed in the terminal of the present application, and the UE intelligent function 1404 includes the inference function 1406; the inference function 1406 uses an intelligent model (also referred to as an AI model, or an ML model, or an AI / ML model) for inference; one intelligent model usually undergoes training before being used for AI / ML inference.

[0610] As an embodiment, the UE intelligent function 1404 includes the training function of the RAN domain 1405, which runs training data through the intelligent model to derive the related loss, and adjusts the parameters of the intelligent model based on the calculated loss; the training includes at least one of ML initial training, ML re-training, and reinforcement learning.

[0611] The above embodiments can reduce the complexity of the base station, or save the air interface resources caused by the reporting of the training data; however, the above embodiments put higher requirements on the processing capability of the UE side.

[0612] Optionally, the UE intelligence function 1404 further comprises a training function in the CN domain (not included in FIG. 14).

[0613] Optionally, the UE intelligence function 1404 further comprises an intelligent deployment function (not included in FIG. 14) for loading intelligent models and data.

[0614] As an embodiment, the terminal indicates whether to support the training function (in the RAN domain or the CN domain) through capability reporting, and the capability reporting is RRC signaling or NAS (Non-Access Stratum) signaling.

[0615] As an embodiment, the intelligent model and related metadata are loaded by the terminal from a network device or a remote server.

[0616] Optionally, the UE intelligence function 1404 is an MnS (Management Service) producer that provides data for management or analysis to the CN domain MnF (Management Function) 1401, and / or the RAN domain MnF 1402, and / or the cross-domain management system 1403 (as indicated by the double-headed arrow 1407).

[0617] Optionally, the UE intelligence function 1404 is an MnS consumer that loads data from the CN domain MnF 1401, and / or the RAN domain MnF 1402, and / or the cross-domain management system 1403 for AI / ML-related management, such as management data requests, intelligent model activation, and / or intelligent model training (as indicated by the double-headed arrow 1407).

[0618] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on a neural network.

[0619] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on a CNN (Conventional Neural Networks).

[0620] As an embodiment, the intelligent model is based on a Transformer architecture.

[0621] As an embodiment, the terminal in the present application comprises the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0622] As one example, the first processing machine in the present application includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0623] As one example, the UE 201 in FIG. 2 includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0624] As one example, the first communication device 450 in FIG. 4 includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0625] As one example, the first processing machine 902 in FIG. 9 includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0626] As one example, the smart module 1101 in FIG. 11 includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0627] As one example, the third module in FIG. 12 includes the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14.

[0628] As one example, the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14 performs a first LTM event prediction.

[0629] As one example, the inference function 1406 in FIG. 14 indicates relevant information of the predicted first LTM event.

[0630] Embodiment 15

[0631] Embodiment 15 illustrates a flowchart of artificial intelligence or machine learning based processes according to one embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 15 includes a third operation, a fourth operation, a fifth operation, a sixth operation, and a seventh operation. In Embodiment 15, the third operation and the fourth operation belong to a first stage, the fifth operation belongs to a second stage, the sixth operation belongs to a third stage, and the seventh operation belongs to a fourth stage. In FIG. 15, the line with an arrow indicates the order of the flow.

[0632] As one example, the third operation includes AI / ML training, the fourth operation includes AI / ML testing, the fifth operation includes AI / ML emulation, the sixth operation includes AI / ML entity loading, and the seventh operation includes AI / ML inference.

[0633] As an embodiment, the first phase comprises a training phase, the second phase comprises an emulation phase, the third phase comprises a deployment phase, and the fourth phase comprises an inference phase.

[0634] As an embodiment, the first phase comprises AI / ML model training.

[0635] As an embodiment, the first phase comprises AI / ML model training and AI / ML testing.

[0636] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training comprises initial training and re-training of one or a set of AI / ML entities.

[0637] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training relies on training data.

[0638] As an embodiment, the AI / ML model training comprises AI / ML entity validation.

[0639] As an embodiment, the AI / ML entity validation is used to evaluate the performance of the AI / ML entity.

[0640] As an embodiment, the AI / ML entity validation relies on validation data.

[0641] As an embodiment, if the result of AI / ML entity validation does not meet the expectation, the AI / ML model will be re-trained.

[0642] As an embodiment, the AI / ML testing comprises testing the validated AI / ML entity to evaluate the performance of the trained AI / ML model.

[0643] As an embodiment, if the result of AI / ML testing meets the expectation, the AI / ML entity proceeds to the next phase; otherwise, the AI / ML model will be re-trained.

[0644] As an embodiment, the AI / ML testing relies on testing data.

[0645] As an embodiment, the second phase comprises AI / ML emulation, which performs inference of the AI / ML entity in an emulation environment.

[0646] As one embodiment, the AI / ML simulation is to estimate the performance of AI / ML entity inference in a simulation environment before using the AI / ML entity.

[0647] As one embodiment, the second stage is optional.

[0648] As one embodiment, the third stage includes AI / ML entity loading to obtain a trained AI / ML entity to obtain a desired AI / ML inference function.

[0649] As one embodiment, the third stage is optional.

[0650] As one embodiment, the third stage is not needed when the training function and the inference function are co-located.

[0651] As one embodiment, the fourth stage includes AI / ML inference.

[0652] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above method can be instructed by a program to complete the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a hard disk, or an optical disk, etc. Optionally, all or part of the steps of the above embodiment can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each module unit in the above embodiment can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module, and the present application is not limited to any specific form of combination of software and hardware. The user equipment, terminal and UE in the present application include but are not limited to unmanned aerial vehicles, communication modules on unmanned aerial vehicles, remote control aircraft, aircraft, small aircraft, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebooks, vehicle-mounted communication devices, wireless sensors, network cards, Internet of Things terminals, RFID terminals, NB-IoT terminals, MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminals, eMTC (enhanced MTC) terminals, data cards, network cards, vehicle-mounted communication devices, low-cost mobile phones, low-cost tablet computers, satellite communication devices, ship communication devices, NTN user equipment, and other wireless communication devices. The base station or system equipment in the present application includes but is not limited to macro cellular base stations, micro cellular base stations, home base stations, relay base stations, gNB (NR NodeB) NR NodeB, TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point), NTN base stations, satellite devices, flight platform devices, and other wireless communication devices.

[0653] This application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its core or essential characteristics. Accordingly, the presently disclosed embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A method in a terminal used for wireless communication, wherein, comprises: in response to detecting a radio link failure, recording information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least one predicted result for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; sending a first message, the first message being generated from the recorded information of the radio link failure; wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is fulfilled, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is not fulfilled.

2. The method in a terminal according to claim 1, wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N1 predicted results for a first LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; the information of the radio link failure indicates at least N2 predicted results for a second LTM event before the detecting the radio link failure; wherein the N1 and the N2 are both positive integers.

3. The method in a terminal according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is received after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates an LTM cell switch.

4. The method in a terminal according to claim 3, wherein the first signaling indicating an LTM cell switch comprises the first signaling indicating a first condition for performing an LTM cell switch, when the first condition is fulfilled, performing an LTM cell switch.

5. The method in a terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a first predicted result of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1.

6. The method in a terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1 filtered measurement results are reported or available after an earliest predicted result of the at least one predicted result for the first LTM event.

7. The method in a terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure when the radio link failure is detected.

8. The method in a terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for PSCell including at least one of CPAC and LTM when the radio link failure is detected.

9. The method in a terminal according to any of claims 1-8, wherein The information of the radio link failure comprises a result of the prediction for the first LTM event within a first time window.

10. A terminal, wherein, comprising: The terminal comprises one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is configured to store computer program codes comprising computer instructions, and the one or more processors are configured to invoke the computer instructions to cause the terminal to perform the method according to any of claims 1-9.

11. A method used in a base station, comprising: In response to detecting a radio link failure, recording information of the radio link failure; wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least one prediction for a first LTM event before the radio link failure is detected; Receiving a first message generated by the recorded information of the radio link failure; Wherein whether an entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied depends on a comparison of a measurement result on at least one RS resource passing through a L1 filter with a first threshold; the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event comprises at least one of at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event is satisfied, and at least one prediction that the entering condition of the first LTM event will not be satisfied.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein The information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least N1 predictions for a first LTM event before the radio link failure is detected; and the information of the radio link failure indicates a result of at least N2 predictions for a second LTM event before the radio link failure is detected.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein The information of the radio link failure comprises whether a first signaling is sent after one of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event, wherein the first signaling indicates an LTM cell switch.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The first signaling indicating an LTM cell switch comprises the first signaling indicating a first condition of performing an LTM cell switch, and the LTM cell switch is performed when the first condition is satisfied.

15. The method according to any of claims 11-14, wherein The information of the radio link failure comprises N pairs of the L1 filtered measurement results on the at least one RS resource after a result of a first prediction of the result of the at least one prediction for the first LTM event; wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1. ​ 16. The method of any one of claims 11-15, wherein the information of the radio link failure comprises whether at least M L1-filtered measurement results are available or reported after an earliest one of results of the predictions for the first LTM event.

17. The method of any one of claims 11-16, wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing BFR procedure at the time of the detected radio link failure.

18. The method of any one of claims 11-16, wherein the information of the radio link failure indicates whether there is an ongoing mobility procedure for a PSCell at the time of the detected radio link failure, the mobility procedure for the PSCell comprising at least one of CPAC and LTM.

19. The method of any one of claims 11-18, wherein the information of the radio link failure comprises results of the predictions for the first LTM event within a first time window.

20. A base station, comprising: one or more processors and a memory; the memory coupled to the one or more processors; the memory configured to store computer program code including computer instructions that, when invoked by the one or more processors, cause the base station to perform the method of any one of claims 11-19. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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