Communication methods and apparatus

Abstract

Communication methods and an apparatus, which are applicable to paging of IoT devices. A method comprises: a network apparatus sends K first parameters and M second parameters; and a first terminal apparatus determines a first time-frequency resource on the basis of the K first parameters and the M second parameters, and sends a random access message on the first time-frequency resource, wherein the first parameters are used for indicating N time units, M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with the first time units, the second parameters are used for indicating one frequency domain resource among the M frequency domain resources, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters on a one-to-one basis, and each first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. In the present application, each time unit may be associated with M frequency domain resources, and the terminal apparatus may select an appropriate frequency domain resource from among the M frequency domain resources to perform access. Different terminal apparatuses can perform access on the same time unit by means of FDMA, thereby improving access efficiency.

Description

Communication method and apparatus

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411369023.X, filed on September 27, 2024, and titled “A communication method and apparatus”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0004] At present, Internet of Things (IoT) devices have been applied in various fields, such as medical treatment, wearable devices, smart home, etc.

[0005] In IoT, an IoT device can first access a network and then perform data transmission with a network device. Taking a tag as an example, the tag performs access based on the trigger of the network. If the access fails, the tag will try to access again in the next round. This competitive mode may cause the access time of some IoT devices to be longer, which cannot meet the low-power consumption requirement of these IoT devices. SUMMARY

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus, which can help to improve the efficiency of IoT device accessing a network and save the energy consumption of the IoT device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a terminal-side apparatus (also referred to as a terminal apparatus). For example, the terminal apparatus can be a terminal device or a module or unit for completing part of the functions of the terminal device, such as a circuit or a chip / chip system or other functional module in the terminal device. Alternatively, the terminal apparatus can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module for implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. For the convenience of description, the method is taken as an example below. Optionally, the first terminal apparatus is an ambient IoT (AIoT) device, for example, the first terminal apparatus is a tag.

[0009] The method comprises: a first terminal device receiving K first parameters and M second parameters, determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, and sending a random access message on the first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two first messages in succession, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer, and M is a number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units. The second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters in a one-to-one manner, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0010] Correspondingly, in a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a network side device (also referred to as a network device). For example, the network device can be a network equipment, a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) in the network equipment, or a module or unit used to complete part or all functions of the network equipment. Alternatively, the network device can be a logic node, a logic module or a software module implementing all or part of the functions of the network equipment. For the convenience of description, the method is taken as an example applied to the network device below. Optionally, the network device is a card reader or a card reader / writer.

[0011] The method comprises: a network device sending K first parameters and M second parameters, and receiving a random access message on a first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two first messages in succession, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer, and M is a number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units. The second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters in a one-to-one manner, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0012] In the scheme provided in the first aspect or the second aspect, one time unit is associated with multiple frequency domain resources, for example, one time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2. Each of the multiple frequency domain resources is a frequency domain resource for random access. The network device can configure the multiple frequency domain resources associated with the N time units through K first parameters and M second parameters. Therefore, the first terminal device can select a suitable time-frequency resource for access according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. In this way, different terminal devices can perform access in a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) manner in the same time unit, improving access efficiency and saving power consumption of the first terminal device as much as possible.

[0013] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: the first terminal device selecting one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determining a frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

[0014] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters one by one, and the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.

[0015] Through the scheme, the access load on different frequency domain resources can be adjusted to maximize the access success rate. For example, the third parameter can indicate the weight (or probability) of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter being selected, or indicate the access load of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter. The first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and finally selects a frequency domain resource with a suitable load for access. For example, when the network device indicates a high-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the high-load frequency domain resource; when the network device indicates a low-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the low-load frequency domain resource.

[0016] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters further comprises: the first terminal device determining the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

[0017] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0018] The scheme provides a manner for determining the first time unit. For example, the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, and determine the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter.

[0019] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, including: the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and selects one first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, and determines the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and first parameter as the first time-frequency resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0020] The scheme provides another manner for determining the first time-frequency resource. For example, the first terminal device can select a group of parameters including one first parameter and one second parameter according to the third parameter, and determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter. The order of determining the first time unit and the first frequency domain resource by the first terminal device is not limited. For example, the first terminal device can simultaneously perform the steps of determining the first time unit and determining the first frequency domain unit, so as to determine the first time-frequency resource as early as possible.

[0021] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0022] In the scheme, the third parameter has multiple candidate values, so that the access load on different frequency domain resources can be adjusted more flexibly, and the access success rate can be improved as much as possible.

[0023] In an implementation form of the first aspect or the second aspect, the first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set. The network device configures the candidate value set or the third parameter through the first message, so as to flexibly adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources.

[0024] In an implementation form of the second aspect, the network device can further obtain channel state measurement information on a plurality of frequency domain resources before configuring the third parameter. The network device can adjust the candidate value of the third parameter according to the channel state on different frequency domain resources, and allocate a third parameter corresponding to a smaller access load to a frequency domain resource with a poor channel state, so as to reduce the access failure rate.

[0025] In an implementation form of the first aspect, K=1, and the first terminal device determining the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: the first terminal device generating a number n according to the first parameter, and determining the first frequency domain resource according to the number n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set comprises a second value set and a third value set. The frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set is different from the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; and when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set.

[0026] In this scheme, different frequency domain resources correspond to different value sets, so that the final frequency domain resource can be determined according to the value set to which the number n generated according to the first parameter belongs, and the access conflict of different terminal devices can be reduced.

[0027] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, the second value set is even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

[0028] This scheme provides two division modes of the first value set, and the division mode of the first value set and the number and range of the divided value sets are not limited. For example, the first value set can further comprise a fourth value set, and the fourth value set corresponds to a third frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device determines to perform access in the third frequency domain resource.

[0029] In an implementation form of the first aspect, the first terminal device further receives a second message, and the second message comprises L second parameters, and L is less than or equal to M.

[0030] Correspondingly, in an implementation form of the second aspect, the network device further sends a second message, and the second message comprises L second parameters, and L is less than or equal to M.

[0031] It is considered that the first terminal device can not perform access according to the received first message. In this case, the network device can request the first terminal device to access the network again through the second message.

[0032] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus, which has the functions of implementing the behaviors in the method examples of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the beneficial effects can be referred to the related description of the first aspect or the second aspect, which will not be repeated here. For example, the communication apparatus can be the first terminal apparatus in the first aspect, or the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting the functions required by the terminal device to implement the method provided by the first aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or chip system in the terminal device. For another example, the communication apparatus can be the network apparatus in the second aspect, or the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting the functions required by the network device to implement the method provided by the second aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or chip system in the network device.

[0033] In a possible design, the communication apparatus includes a baseband apparatus and a radio frequency apparatus.

[0034] In a possible design, the communication apparatus includes corresponding means or modules or units for performing the method of the first aspect or the second aspect, which can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. For example, the communication apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes referred to as a processing module or a processor) and / or a transceiver unit (sometimes referred to as a transceiver module or a transceiver). The transceiver unit can implement the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes referred to as a sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional unit, which is referred to as a transceiver unit, and can implement the sending function and the receiving function. Alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional units, and the transceiver unit refers to these functional units in general. These units (modules) can perform the corresponding functions in the method examples of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the details can be referred to the detailed description in the method examples, which will not be repeated here.

[0035] For example, the communication apparatus is configured to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the first aspect. Correspondingly, the transceiver is configured to receive K first parameters and M second parameters. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer. M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with the first time unit in the N time units, and the second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources. M frequency domain resources correspond to M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The processing module is configured to determine a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The transceiver is further configured to send a random access message on the first time-frequency resource.

[0036] For another example, the communication apparatus is configured to implement the corresponding functions in the method examples of the second aspect. Correspondingly, the transceiver is configured to send K first parameters and M second parameters, and receive a random access message on a first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer. The first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second parameter is used to indicate one of the M frequency domain resources. M frequency domain resources correspond to M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The processing module can be configured to determine the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus, which comprises a processor configured to cause the method in the first aspect or the second aspect and any of the implementation manners thereof to be performed. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a communication interface. Optionally, the communication apparatus further comprises a memory for storing a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instruction), data, etc. The processor is coupled with the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program, data, etc. from the memory, the method in the first aspect or the second aspect and any of the implementation manners thereof is caused to be performed.

[0038] In a fifth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus, which comprises an input / output interface and a logic circuit. The input / output interface is configured to input and / or output information. The input / output interface can be an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit, etc. The logic circuit is configured to perform the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0039] In the fourth and fifth aspects, the communication apparatus can be the first terminal device in the first aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting functions required by a terminal device to implement the method provided in the first aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or a chip system in the terminal device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be the network device in the second aspect. Alternatively, the communication apparatus can be an apparatus capable of supporting functions required by a network device to implement the method provided in the second aspect, for example, the communication apparatus can be a chip or a chip system in the network device. The chip can be a baseband chip and / or a radio frequency chip, and the chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0040] In an implementation process of the fifth aspect, when the communication apparatus is a terminal device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the terminal device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device. When the communication apparatus is a network device, the interface circuit can be a radio frequency processing chip in the network device, and the processing circuit can be a baseband processing chip in the network device.

[0041] In an implementation process of the fifth aspect, when the communication apparatus is a chip or a chip system, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the logic circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received by, for example but not limited to, a receiver and input, the signal output by the output circuit can be output to, for example but not limited to, a transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The specific implementation of the input / output interface and the logic circuit is not limited in the present application.

[0042] In the sixth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, the communication system comprising a terminal device and a network device. Wherein, the terminal device is configured to implement the functions of the method in the first aspect, and the network device is configured to implement the functions of the method in the second aspect. Optionally, the terminal device comprises an AIoT device, and the network device comprises a reader / writer.

[0043] In the seventh aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium for storing a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, cause the method in the first aspect or the second aspect and any one of the implementation manners thereof to be implemented.

[0044] In the eighth aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the method in the first aspect or the second aspect and any one of the implementation manners thereof to be implemented.

[0045] The advantages of the third aspect to the eighth aspect and the implementation manners thereof can refer to the advantages of the first aspect and any implementation manner thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 are schematic diagrams of a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable;

[0047] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of working modes of a reader / writer and a tag;

[0048] FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a data transmission structure from a reader / writer to a tag;

[0049] FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a data transmission structure from a tag to a reader / writer;

[0050] FIG. 5 to FIG. 6 are communication flowcharts of a tag accessing a network;

[0051] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 are several schematic diagrams of FDMA resource allocation provided by embodiments of the present application;

[0053] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to an IoT system, for example, an ambient IoT (A-IoT / AIoT), a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT), Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WIFI), starlink, etc. IoT technology is widely applied to various industry fields, for example, IoT technology can be applied to logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, or environmental monitoring, etc. IoT is realized based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID technology is a non-contact communication technology realized by using radio frequency communication mode, and the principle is that a reader / writer and a tag do not need to be in contact, and data communication is realized through radio waves.

[0056] For example, refer to FIG. 1, a communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a network device and an AIoT device. The AIoT device can be a standalone device, or the AIoT device can be integrated with a terminal device, i.e., the AIoT device is part of the terminal device. In the communication system, the network device can communicate with the AIoT device. It should be noted that FIG. 1 takes the network device as an example of a device that communicates with the AIoT device. In possible scenarios, the device that communicates with the AIoT device can be a device other than the network device, such as a terminal device.

[0057] For another example, refer to FIG. 2, a schematic diagram of another communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable is shown. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication system includes a network device, an intermediate node, and an AIoT device, wherein the intermediate node can forward information between the network device and the AIoT device. FIG. 2 takes a terminal device as an example of an intermediate node, i.e., the terminal device serves as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device. The AIoT device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the terminal device, and the terminal device forwards the information to the AIoT device; or based on pre-authorized or pre-configured resources of the network device, the terminal device performs bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface.

[0058] The intermediate node can also be a device other than the terminal device, for example, the intermediate node can be a network device. The network device can be located outdoors, and the terminal device and the AIoT device can be located indoors, which means that the network device outdoors communicates with the AIoT device indoors through the intermediate node indoors. Optionally, the intermediate node can be referred to as an intermediate terminal device (intermediate UE). For another example, the intermediate node can be an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node. The IAB node can serve as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, and the AIoT device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the IAB node, and the IAB node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the resources pre-authorized or pre-configured by the network device, the IAB node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface. For another example, the intermediate node can be a relay node. The relay node can serve as an intermediate node between the network device and the AIoT device, and the AIoT device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the network device through a Uu interface; or the network device transmits information to the relay node, and the relay node forwards the information to the AIoT device. Based on the resources pre-authorized or pre-configured by the network device, the relay node can also perform bidirectional communication with the AIoT device through an AIoT air interface.

[0059] Optionally, the energy required by the AIoT device to transmit information is provided by an excitation signal, and the excitation signal can come from an exciter. The exciter can be a network device, or the exciter can be a terminal device, or the exciter can be a device other than the network device and the terminal device.

[0060] In possible scenarios, the functions of the device (for example, the reader / writer) that communicates with the AIoT device can be further separated. The reader / writer can be divided into a receiver and an exciter in terms of function, and the receiver and the exciter can be deployed on different network devices, for example, the receiver is deployed on a first network device, and the exciter is deployed on a second network device. The first network device can perform the receiving function of the reader / writer. The second network device can perform the transmitting function of the reader / writer. The receiver is also referred to as a receiving end or a receiving unit, and the exciter is also referred to as an exciting end or an exciting unit.

[0061] As introduced above, several communication systems to which embodiments of the present application are applicable are introduced. In order to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, some terms, concepts, etc. related to the embodiments of the present application are first introduced.

[0062] (1) Network device, also referred to as network apparatus

[0063] In embodiments of the present application, the network device refers to a (radio) access network ((R)AN) device / RAN node. In embodiments of the present application, the (R)AN and the RAN can be alternatively used, and for the convenience of description, the RAN is taken as an example hereinafter. The RAN can be a third generation partnership project (3GPP) related cellular system, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system / new radio (NR) communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system, or other similar communication system. Other similar communication systems include, for example, WiFi, vehicle to everything (V2X), spark link system, Bluetooth system, near field communication system, etc. The RAN can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), etc. The RAN can also be a communication system in which two or more of the above systems are fused. The RAN device can also be referred to as a RAN node, a RAN entity, or an access node, etc.

[0064] In a possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, etc. The RAN node can be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor node / host node, or a radio controller, etc. The RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the RAN node in the V2X technology can be a road side unit (RSU).

[0065] In another possible scenario, a RAN node can be a module or unit that completes part of the functions of a base station; or multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal device to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of a base station. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The functions of the CU can be implemented by one entity, or also can be implemented by different entities. For example, the functions of the CU can be further divided, that is, the control plane and the user plane are separated and implemented by different entities, respectively, as a control plane CU entity (that is, a CU-control plane (CP) entity) and a user plane CU entity (that is, a CU-user plane (UP) entity). The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the functions of the RAN node. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or also can be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). Any one of the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, and the RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0066] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), the DU, or the RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, the CU-CP, the CU-UP, the DU, and the RU are taken as examples for description in this application.

[0067] The CU and the DU can be configured according to protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement: for example, the CU is configured to implement functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and protocol layers above the PDCP layer (such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer and / or a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.); the DU is configured to implement functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as a radio link control (RLC), a media / medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or a physical (PHY) layer, etc.). For specific descriptions of the above protocol layers, refer to relevant technical specifications of the 3GPP or technical specifications of other applicable communication protocols.

[0068] The above division of processing functions of the CU and the DU according to protocol layers is only an example, and the division can be performed in other manners, which is not limited in the present application. For example, in one design, the CU or the DU can also be divided into partial processing functions of protocol layers. In one design, partial functions of an RLC layer and functions of protocol layers above the RLC layer are arranged in the CU, and remaining functions of the RLC layer and functions of protocol layers below the RLC layer are arranged in the DU.

[0069] In another possible design, the DU and the RU cooperate to implement functions of the PHY layer, or the design is described as moving part of the PHY layer functions of the DU to the RU. One DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of the DU and the RU can be configured in multiple manners according to design. For example, the DU is configured to implement baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement intermediate radio frequency functions. For another example, the DU is configured to implement high-layer functions in the PHY layer, and the RU is configured to implement low-layer functions in the PHY layer or implement the low-layer functions and radio frequency functions. The high-layer functions in the PHY layer can include part of functions of the PHY layer, which are closer to the MAC layer, and the low-layer functions in the PHY layer can include another part of functions of the PHY layer, which are closer to the intermediate radio frequency side. The specific functions of the DU and the RU are not limited in the present application. An interface between the DU and the RU can be referred to as a front-haul interface. In one design, the CU can have no PDCP layer, for example, the CU only includes an RRC layer. The CU-CP has no PDCP-C. The CU-UP can have no PDCP-U, or have no CU-UP. In one design, the DU can have no RLC layer, for example, the DU only has a MAC and a higher PHY layer.

[0070] When the RAN is an O-RAN, it can also have an artificial intelligence (AI) function, for example, the O-RAN includes an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller can be a non-real time RAN intelligent controller (non-real time RIC / non-RT RIC / NRT RIC), or a near-real time RAN intelligent controller (near-real time RIC / near-RT RIC / nRT RIC). The non-real time RIC can be used to implement non-real time intelligent management of the RAN function, can implement a workflow including model training and model updating, and guide applications / functions in the nRT RIC based on a policy. The near-real time RIC can be used to implement near-real time intelligent management of the RAN. Through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface, near-real time control and optimization of modules and resources of the O-RAN are implemented.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system or a combination device or component that can implement the function of the network device, which can be installed in the network device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.

[0072] (2) Terminal device

[0073] In the embodiments of the present application, all devices capable of data communication with a base station can be regarded as terminal devices. The terminal device is also called a terminal, a terminal device, a user equipment (UE), a user device, a mobile station, or a mobile terminal, etc. The terminal device can be widely applied to various scenes, for example, the terminal device can be a mobile phone, a computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a station (STA), a mechanical arm, a camera, a robot, a vehicle, a drone, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, or a smart home device (such as a television, an air conditioner, a sweeping machine, a sound box, a set-top box), a relay, a customer premise equipment (CPE), etc.

[0074] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system, for example, a water meter, an electricity meter, an electronic tag / tag, etc. IoT is an important part of future information technology development, and its main technical feature is to connect objects through communication technology and network, so as to realize the intelligent network of man-machine interconnection and object-object interconnection.

[0075] The terminal device can also be referred to as a V2X device when it is applied to V2X, for example, a smart car or an intelligent car, an unmanned car or a driverless car or a pilotless car or an automobile, a road site unit (RSU). As introduced above, various terminal devices can be considered as vehicle-mounted terminal devices if they are located on a vehicle (for example, placed / installed in the vehicle). The vehicle-mounted terminal device can be built-in as one or more components or units in a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted module group, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit of the vehicle, and the vehicle can implement the method of the present application through the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module group, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip or vehicle-mounted unit. The vehicle-mounted terminal device can be a whole vehicle device, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle, an on-board unit (OBU), an RSU, a telematics box (T-box), a chip or a system on chip (SOC), etc. The above-mentioned chip or SoC can be installed in the vehicle, OBU, RSU or T-box.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal device can be the network device itself, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system or a combination device / component that can realize the function of the terminal device, which can be installed in the terminal device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal device.

[0077] (3) Device in IoT system

[0078] IoT can include various devices, such as smart water meters, shared bicycles, and smart city, environmental monitoring, smart home, forest fire prevention, etc. for the purpose of sensing and data acquisition. In order to increase the number of devices that can be accommodated in the IoT scene, it is a trend to reduce the size of IoT devices. However, due to various factors, the size of IoT devices cannot be further reduced, for example, IoT devices need to be powered by high-capacity batteries. Therefore, for IoT devices with limited size, it is not possible to set a high-capacity battery, and it is desirable to reduce the power consumption of IoT devices to prolong the endurance time of IoT devices.

[0079] Compared with an NR terminal device (e.g., an NR terminal device of Release (R) 15, R 16, R 17), an AIoT device has at least one of the following features:

[0080] 1) Maximum bandwidth: The maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device can be less than the maximum bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz) of the R 15 terminal device and the R 16 terminal device. The maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device can be less than the maximum bandwidth (e.g., 20 MHz) of the reduced capability (RedCap) in the R 17 terminal device. For example, the maximum bandwidth of the AIoT device is 1 resource block (RB), 1.44 MHz, 1.5 MHz, 2.88 MHz, 3 MHz, etc.

[0081] 2) Supported number of antennas: The AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna, or the AIoT device supports one transmitting antenna and two receiving antennas.

[0082] 3) The transmission channel of the AIoT device and the reader is not aligned with the start and / or boundary of the slot, frame, symbol, etc. of NR.

[0083] 4) The transmission of the AIoT device and the reader adopts a single-carrier waveform.

[0084] 5) The transmission channel of the reader to the AIoT device is not aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the slot, frame, etc. of NR; the transmission channel of the reader to the AIoT device is aligned with the start and / or end boundary of the OFDM symbol of NR.

[0085] 6) The transmission of the reader to the AIoT device adopts an OFDM waveform.

[0086] 7) The modulation mode supported by the AIoT device includes at least one of binary on-off keying (OOK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and Minimum shift keying (MSK). Among them, FSK can also be called binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) or 2FSK or OOK-FSK.

[0087] IoT devices include IoT devices requiring a battery (also referred to as IoT devices with energy storage or active IoT devices), IoT devices not requiring a battery (also referred to as IoT devices without energy storage or passive IoT devices), and IoT devices with limited energy storage (also referred to as semi-passive IoT devices). The IoT devices with limited energy storage do not require manual battery replacement or charging. The active IoT devices can independently generate signals and have active radio frequency components for transmission. The passive IoT devices do not have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communications for transmission. The semi-passive IoT devices have energy storage and cannot independently generate signals and are based on backscatter communications for transmission. The passive IoT devices or semi-passive IoT devices can also be referred to as AIoT devices, which can serve and communicate by collecting energy from the environment.

[0088] A typical IoT device is, for example, a tag. The tag can also be referred to as an RFID tag or an electronic tag, or an IoT tag. In embodiments of the present application, the tag can serve as a terminal device to communicate with a network device. The "tag" is only an optional name, and the name can be changed, for example, the "AIoT tag" can be changed to another name, and embodiments of the present application do not limit the name. For the convenience of description, the following continues to take "tag" as an example.

[0089] The tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-low frequency ring oscillator or a completely non-local oscillator to receive a downlink signal. When the tag is working, the energy and / or carrier of the communication is supplied by the reader-writer, and the communication is based on reflected carrier. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the reader-writer can send a carrier signal to the tag, and the tag receives the carrier signal through an antenna. The solid line in the figure represents the carrier signal sent by the reader-writer, and the dashed line represents the reflected signal transmitted by the tag based on the carrier signal. The tag can adjust the information to be transmitted in the reflected signal. In this way, the tag uses a low-precision, low-power mid-low frequency ring oscillator or a completely non-local oscillator to receive a downlink signal, which can further reduce the power consumption of the tag in downlink reception. Alternatively, the carrier can also be understood as an excitation signal, and the carrier can be sent by a device other than the reader-writer or a device integrated with the reader-writer (for example, an external node).

[0090] As shown in FIG. 4A, a data transmission format of reader to device (R2D) is shown. One R2D transmission includes a preamble, a data-carrying physical channel, and a postamble. The specific name of the data-carrying physical channel is not limited, for example, the physical channel can be referred to as a physical reader to device channel (PRDCH). Alternatively, the PRDCH can be replaced by an ambient physical downlink shared channel (APDSCH).

[0091] As shown in FIG. 4B, a data transmission format of device to reader (D2R) is shown. One D2R transmission includes a preamble, a data-carrying physical channel, and a postamble. The specific name of the data-carrying physical channel is not limited, for example, the physical channel can be referred to as a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH). Alternatively, the PDRCH can be replaced by an ambient physical uplink shared channel (APUSCH).

[0092] A tag is a miniature wireless transceiver device, mainly including a built-in tag device antenna, a coupling element, and a chip. The chip of the tag has a storage space capable of supporting the reader to read or write tag data. After the tag receives the radio frequency signal sent by the reader through the antenna, the coupling element can be used to realize the coupling of the radio frequency signal, so as to provide energy for the chip of the tag in the coupling channel, and feed back the data stored in the chip to the reader through the antenna. A communication network including a reader and a tag based on a cellular network infrastructure can be referred to as an AIoT.

[0093] There are various types of AIoT devices, and the division method of the type of AIoT device is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The following illustrates several division methods of the type of AIoT device.

[0094] In the classification manner 1, the AIoT devices can be divided into three categories, namely, type 1 (referred to as device 1), type 2 (also referred to as device 2a), and type 3 (also referred to as device 2b). Among them, the AIoT device of type 1 does not support uplink amplification and downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 2 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a backscatter manner based on an externally provided carrier wave, and cannot generate a signal by itself. The AIoT device of type 3 supports uplink amplification or downlink amplification, and the uplink is transmitted in a manner of internally generating a carrier wave.

[0095] Optionally, the AIoT device of type 1 has an output power consumption of about 1 μW and has a certain energy storage capability. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 2 does not exceed a few hundred μW. The peak power of the AIoT device of type 3 does not exceed a few hundred μW.

[0096] Optionally, the initial sampling clock offset (SFO) of the AIoT device of type 1 is at most 10 ppm, and X1 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 2 is at most 10 ppm, and X2 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. The initial sampling clock offset of the AIoT device of type 3 is at most 10 ppm, and X3 can be 5 or 4 or 3 or 2. X1 X2 X3

[0097] In the classification manner 2, the AIoT devices can be divided into three categories, namely, passive AIoT devices, semi-passive AIoT devices, and active AIoT devices. Among them, the passive AIoT devices and the semi-passive AIoT devices can adopt a reflection-based communication manner, and the active AIoT devices adopt a communication manner of actively generating a carrier wave.

[0098] In the classification manner 3, the AIoT devices can also be divided into three categories, namely, device A, device B, and device C. Among them, device A has no energy storage and cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal; device B has energy storage but cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal, wherein the energy stored by device B can amplify the reflected signal; and device C has energy storage and can independently generate a signal, and has an active radio frequency element for transmission.

[0099] ​​​The AIoT device in the embodiments of the present application can be classified in classification mode 1, classification mode 2 or classification mode 3, and the embodiments of the present application are applicable to any category of AIoT device in classification mode 1, classification mode 2 or classification mode 3. Alternatively, the AIoT tag in the embodiments of the present application can also have other classification modes or not be classified, which is not limited.

[0100] AIoT can be applied to passive or semi-passive IoT scenarios, for example, in logistics and warehousing scenarios, inventory and tracking of goods can be performed through tags (such as AIoT tags), and the state of goods can also be monitored during transportation; for another example, in an industrial manufacturing scenario, the environment and device state can be monitored through tags.

[0101] In AIoT, the tag (such as AIoT tag) and the reader can perform at least one of the following operations: inventory operation, read operation, write operation, kill operation, or lock operation.

[0102] The inventory operation, also known as the inventory operation, can obtain the identity of the tag through the inventory operation. For example, the reader can use the query, acknowledgment (ACK) and other commands to obtain the identity of the tag. In order to facilitate inventory of the tag, the tag can include S0-S3 a total of 4 session identities, each of which corresponds to A and B two inventory states, and the inventory state is indicated by an inventory flag (sessInventoried flag). When the reader selects a tag, the select command sent to the tag can carry a session identity, and the tag can store the session identity. When the reader performs an inventory operation on the tag, the query command sent to the tag includes the session identity, and at this time the tag can flip the inventory state corresponding to the session identity from A to B. If the reader sends a query command again to perform an inventory operation, since the inventory state in the tag is B, the tag will not respond to the reader, thereby avoiding the same tag being inventoried multiple times in a round of inventory cycle.

[0103] For example, please refer to FIG. 5, which is a timing diagram of the tag accessing the network provided by the embodiments of the present application. In the introduction of FIG. 5, taking the inventory operation of the tag by the reader as an example. Correspondingly, please refer to FIG. 6, which shows the communication flow of the tag accessing the network.

[0104] S601, the reader sends a select message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the select message.

[0105] The select message can indicate to select tags for inventory or counting. For example, the reader wants to count the inventory of tags, the select message can be sent. Alternatively, the select message can be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of selecting tags.

[0106] S602, the reader sends a query message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the query message.

[0107] The query message can be used for one or more tags to send a random number (RN) based on the query message. The query message can indicate a Q value, and the tag that receives the query message can determine an initial value of a counter based on the Q value. Alternatively, the query message can also be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of sending a Q value.

[0108] S603, the tag sends a random number. Correspondingly, the reader receives the random number.

[0109] The tag can send the random number when a corresponding condition is met. The condition can include that the counter maintained by the tag is 0. For example, after the tag receives the query message, the tag can determine a value according to the query message, and the value can be used as the initial value of the counter. For example, the value is any one of (0, 2 Q -1). When the counter decreases from the initial value to 0, the tag can send the random number.

[0110] For example, the tag can receive a query repetition (QueryRep) message from the reader, and each time the tag receives the QueryRep message, the tag can decrease the value of the counter by 1 until the value of the counter is 0. Alternatively, the QueryRep message can also be replaced by a paging message. Alternatively, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0111] As described above, when the select message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of selecting tags. When the query message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of sending a Q value. When the QueryRep message is a paging message, the paging message has the function of the QueryRep message. When the above-mentioned select message, query message, and QueryRep message are replaced by a paging message, the functions of the paging message can be distinguished by a specific identifier. For example, the first value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of selecting tags. For another example, the second value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of sending a Q value. For another example, the third value of the MAC header indicates that the current paging message has the function of the QueryRep message.

[0112] In one inventory process (or in other business processes), one or more access processes can be performed, for example, if the tags to be inventoried are not all accessed in one access process, another access process can be performed. In one access process, one or more time units can be included. In addition, the length of the different time units included in one access process can be the same or different, for example, the length of the time units can be controlled by the reader. In one access opportunity, one or more tags can send a random number, for example, the counter of these tags is 0; while some tags can not send a random number, for example, the counter of these tags is not 0. The aforementioned query repeat message is sent by the reader only once in one time unit; the aforementioned query message is also sent by the reader only once in one time unit, wherein the query message and the query repeat message do not exist in the same time unit. For example, in one access process, the reader sends a query message in the first time unit and sends a query repeat message in the subsequent time units, which can be referred to Fig. 6.

[0113] For a tag, if the value of the counter of the tag is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit of one access process, the tag can send a random number in the first time unit, and does not need to receive a query repeat message in the subsequent time units. Or, if the value of the counter of the tag is not 0 in the first time unit (time unit 0), the tag does not send a random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive a query repeat message in the second time unit (time unit 1) of the access process. In the second time unit, if the value of the counter of the tag is decremented to 0, the tag sends a random number in the second time unit, otherwise, the tag will continue to receive a query repeat message in the third time unit (time unit 2) of the access process, and so on.

[0114] Optionally, the method can further include S604-S605.

[0115] S604, the reader sends an acknowledgement message. Correspondingly, the tag receives the acknowledgement message. The acknowledgement message is, for example, an acknowledgement response (ACK).

[0116] The acknowledgement message can include the random number received by the reader. For a tag, if the received acknowledgement message includes the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag is successfully accessed by the reader, or the random number is successfully sent; and if the acknowledgement message does not include the random number sent by the tag, it indicates that the tag fails to be accessed by the reader, or the random number fails to be sent.

[0117] S605, the tag sends the identification of the tag. The reader receives the identification of the tag.

[0118] For example, if the tag determines that the access to the reader is successful, or the random number sending is successful, the tag can send the identification of the tag, so that the reader obtains the identification of the tag. For example, the identification of the tag can include part or all of the electronic product code (EPC) of the tag. When the identification of the tag includes part of the EPC of the tag, the identification can be a truncated EPC.

[0119] Optionally, the communication process can further include S606, the tag transmits data with the reader.

[0120] In S606, for example, the reader can send a command (for example, a downlink command (DL command)) between the reader and the tag, the DL command can indicate a corresponding operation, for example, a read operation or a write operation, etc. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the DL command can indicate the characteristics of the data to be read; for example, the DL command is a write operation, the DL command can include the data to be written into the tag. Optionally, the DL command can further include the identification of the tag, so that the tag determines whether to execute the DL command.

[0121] After the tag receives the DL command, the tag can execute a corresponding operation according to the DL command. For example, the DL command is a read operation, the tag can read the data meeting the characteristics of the data indicated by the read operation from the storage area of the tag, and send the data, so that the reader receives the data. For example, the DL command is a write operation, the tag can write the data carried by the DL command into the storage area of the tag.

[0122] (4) Time unit

[0123] The time unit refers to a period of time. In the embodiments of the present application, there are N time units between two consecutive query messages, and N is a positive integer. Or in other words, one round of access process includes one or more time units. The concept of time unit can refer to the embodiments shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. For example, there are time unit 0-time unit 3 between two query messages. One time unit can be the time length of the interval between the query message and the query repetition message, or the time length of the interval between two consecutive query repetition messages. The lengths of different time units included in one access process can be the same or different. For example, the size of time unit 0 and time unit 1 is different.

[0124] A time unit can be a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a millisecond (ms), or a fractional millisecond (e.g., 1 / 32 ms). Alternatively, a time unit is a plurality of slots, a plurality of subframes, a plurality of mini-slots, a plurality of OFDM symbols, a number of ms, or a number of fractional ms. Wherein, one radio frame can include a plurality of subframes, one subframe can include one or more slots, and one slot can include at least one symbol. Alternatively, one radio frame can include a plurality of slots, and one slot can include at least one OFDM symbol.

[0125] (5) In the embodiments of the present application, “transmit” includes “send” and / or “receive”. Wherein, “send” and “receive” represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, “send information to XX” can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, which can include direct transmission through the air interface, and also includes indirect transmission through the air interface by other units or modules. “Receive information from YY” can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, which can include direct reception from YY through the air interface, and also includes indirect reception from YY through the air interface by other units or modules. “Send” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receive” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface. In other words, transmission and reception can be carried out between devices, for example, between an access network device and a terminal device, or can be carried out within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or hardware modules within a device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present application, the number of nouns represents “singular noun or plural noun”, that is, “one or more” unless otherwise specified. “At least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more. “And / or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character “ / ” generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an “or” relationship. For example, A / B means A or B. “At least one of the following” or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and / or c means the following combinations: a exists alone, b exists alone, c exists alone, a and b exist together, a and c exist together, b and c exist together, or a and b and c exist together, where a, b and c can be single or multiple.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, "when", "if" and "whether" all refer to the fact that the device will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited in time, and do not require the device to have a judgment action when implemented, nor do they mean that there are other limitations. Unless otherwise specified, "if" and "whether" can be replaced, and "when" and "in the case of" can be replaced. "When" and "if" / "whether" can be replaced. "Correlation" and "correspondence" can be replaced.

[0128] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used in the sense of presenting related concepts in a specific manner.

[0129] In the embodiments of the present application, ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and the like are used to distinguish a plurality of objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the plurality of objects. For example, a first parameter and a second parameter refer to two different parameters, and do not mean that the priority or importance of the two parameters is different.

[0130] In the embodiments of the present application, the schemes in the embodiments can be reasonably combined for use, and the explanation or description of each term appearing in the embodiments, similar operations, or steps can be mutually referenced or explained in each embodiment, and this is not limited.

[0131] According to the flowcharts of the preceding FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, after the tag receives the selection message and the query message, access can be performed, and if the access fails, the access is tried again in the next round. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the tag 2 and the tag 3 can both send the random number (RN16) in the time unit 2, a conflict can occur, causing the access to fail, and then the tag 2 and the tag 3 can try to access again in the next round. At present, the reader sends the query repetition message only once in a time unit, and the reader also sends the query message only once in a time unit, wherein the query message and the query repetition message do not exist in the same time unit. As shown in FIG. 5, the query message and the query repetition message are separated by 1 time unit, and the two consecutive query repetition messages are separated by 1 time unit, and thus the access time of some tags is relatively long. However, some tags hope to access as soon as possible, and the current competition mechanism cannot meet the low-power consumption demand of these tags.

[0132] In view of this, the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application is provided. In the embodiments of the present application, one time unit can be associated with multiple frequency domain resources, for example, one time unit can be associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The network side can configure the M frequency domain resources on each time unit. The terminal side selects appropriate time-frequency resources to perform access according to the configuration of the network side. In this way, different terminal devices can perform access in the same time unit in the same FDMA manner, thereby improving access efficiency and saving the power consumption of the terminal as much as possible.

[0133] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced below.

[0134] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application takes the access of the first terminal device to the network as an example. It should be understood that, in addition to the first terminal device, other terminal devices can also access the network by using the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the behaviors of the other terminal devices are the same as that of the first terminal device. The method provided in the embodiments of the present application is taken as an example below, which is performed by the first terminal device and the network device. The steps performed by the first terminal device can be implemented by the first terminal device itself, or by a device (for example, a terminal device) including the first terminal device, for example, the first terminal device can be a hardware component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the terminal device, or a logic node, logic module or software module implementing part or all functions of the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be implemented by the RAN device itself, or by a component (such as a baseband chip, or other processing unit or processor, etc.) in the RAN device, or by a component (such as a CU, DU or RU) completing part or all functions of the RAN device. In a possible scenario, the first terminal device can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device shown in FIG. 1; the network device can be a network device in FIG. 1, or can also be a chip (system) in the network device in FIG. 1. The network device has part or all functions of a reader / writer.

[0135] The AIoT device and the reader / writer can both be implemented based on infrastructure in a cellular network, or the AIoT device and the reader / writer can be devices in the cellular network. For example, the functions of the reader / writer can be implemented by a network device or a terminal device, and the AIoT device can be implemented by a terminal device in the cellular network, for example, the AIoT device can be an Internet of Things terminal with extremely low power consumption and extremely low complexity. When the terminal device has the function of the AIoT device, the terminal device can perform non-contact data communication with the network device or another terminal device.

[0136] The random access message includes access-related messages or information. For example, in a 3-step random access, the random access message includes random access message 1 to random access message 3. The random access message 1 is a random access preamble, which can be referred to as message 1 (Msg1) for short. The random access message 2 is a response message of the random access message 1, which can be referred to as message 2 (Msg2) for short. The random access message 3 is used to report the identification information of the AIoT device. The random access message 3 is also referred to as Msg3. For another example, in a 2-step random access, the random access message includes random access message A to random access message B. MsgA is equivalent to the random access message 1 and the random access message 3 in the 3-step random access process; and MsgB is equivalent to the random access message 2 in the 3-step random access process. For another example, the random access message can also include a random number, a terminal identifier, etc.

[0137] Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 7 introduces the method from the perspective of the interaction between the first terminal device and the network device. It should be understood that the communication method can also be implemented by other devices, such as a chip or a communication device with communication function. In addition, the processing performed by a single execution subject can also be divided into processing performed by multiple execution subjects, which can be logically and / or physically separated. For example, the processing performed by the network device can be divided into processing performed by at least one of the CU, the DU, the RU, etc. As shown in FIG. 7, the flow of the communication method includes the following steps.

[0138] S701, the network device sends K first parameters and M second parameters, K is a positive integer, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0139] The first parameter can be used to indicate / determine N time units, N being a positive integer. The N time units are time units included in one round of access process of the terminal device (for example, the first terminal device). For example, the first time unit is one of the N time units between the intervals of two consecutive first messages, the first message can be used to trigger the terminal device (for example, the first terminal device) to access the network, or the first message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to perform access. The first terminal device receives the first message and can perform access according to the first message. The specific name of the first message is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first message can be referred to as a query message or a paging message. The network device can configure the N time units, for example, the network device sends the first parameter, which can be used to indicate the N time units, or the first parameter is used to indicate the N time units between the two consecutive first messages. For example, the first parameter includes (or is) a Q value, then N = 2 Q .

[0140] M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with one time unit. Taking the first time unit in the N time units as an example, the first time unit is associated with M frequency domain resources. In other words, the time-frequency resource where the first time unit is located includes M frequency domain resources. It should be noted that the first time unit can be any one of the N time units, and the specific one is not limited by the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first time unit can be the time unit between the two consecutive second messages in the N time units, and the second message can be used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network again, for example, the second message can be a query repetition message. Following the example of FIG. 6, the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 1 or time unit 2. For another example, the first time unit can also be the time unit between the first message and the second message in the N time units. Following the example of FIG. 6, the N time units are time unit 0-time unit 2, and the first time unit can be time unit 0. In particular, N = 1, and the first time unit is the time unit between the two consecutive first messages.

[0141] The M frequency domain resources on the first time unit are random access resources. Different terminal devices can perform access on different frequency domain resources on the first time unit. For example, the first terminal device can perform access on the first frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources, and the second terminal device can perform access on the second frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources. In this way, multiple terminal devices can perform access on the first time unit in the manner of FDMA, which can enable some terminal devices to access the network as soon as possible. Compared with the flow shown in FIG. 6, in which only one terminal device can perform access on one time unit, the efficiency of terminal devices accessing the network can be improved by the method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0142] For each time unit, the network device can configure the M frequency domain resources on the time unit. Alternatively, the network device can configure the N time units and the M frequency domain resources associated with each of the N time units, or the network device can configure the random access resources on the N time units. As an implementation manner, the network device can configure the random access resources on the N time units through K first parameters and M second parameters. The M second parameters correspond to the M frequency domain resources one by one, and one second parameter can be used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The second parameter can be a frequency offset or an index of the frequency domain resource, etc. Alternatively, the index of the frequency domain resource is a channel number, a line code repetition number, or a square wave repetition number.

[0143] In possible scenarios, M is greater than K, or M is equal to K. When K = M, then the K first parameters and the M second parameters are one-to-one corresponding. When K is less than M, then one first parameter can correspond to multiple second parameters. It should be appreciated that there is a corresponding relationship between the M frequency domain resources and the M second parameters and the K first parameters. In this way, the first device receives the K first parameters and the M second parameters, can determine the N time units, and the M frequency domain resources on each time unit.

[0144] The network device can send the K first parameters and the M second parameters. For example, the network device broadcasts or multicasts the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The network device can send the K first parameters and the M second parameters through one R2D message or multiple R2D messages. For example, the network device sends a first message, and the first message includes the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The first message can be carried in (or be) an R2D message, and the K first parameters and the M second parameters can be carried in a PRDCH in the R2D message. The first terminal device receives the first message and can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0145] It should be appreciated that, as shown in the foregoing flowchart of FIG. 6, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is 0 (i.e., the initial value of the counter is 0) in the first time unit in a round of access process, the first terminal device can send the random number in the first time unit, without having to receive the query repetition message in the subsequent time unit. Or, if the value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0 in the first time unit, the first terminal device does not send the random number in the first time unit, but waits to receive the query repetition message in the second time unit of the round of access process. In this case, the first terminal device performs access according to the query repetition message. Based on this, the network device can send the first message in a certain time unit, and send the second message in a time unit subsequent to the time unit.

[0146] In this case, the first terminal device can perform access after receiving the second message. The second message can carry parameters for determining random access resources, for example, L second parameters, L being less than or equal to K. For the first terminal device, receiving the first message, the first terminal device can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The first terminal device receives the second message and can obtain the L second parameters. Finally, the first terminal device can obtain the K first parameters and the M second parameters from the first message, and the L second parameters from the second message.

[0147] S702, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0148] The first terminal device acquires K first parameters and M second parameters, and can determine a time-frequency resource (e.g., a first time-frequency resource) for random access from the N time units according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. For example, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit of the N time units, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first frequency domain resource of the M frequency domain resources.

[0149] Alternatively, the first terminal device acquires K first parameters and M second parameters, selects a first parameter from the K first parameters, and the first parameter indicates the first time unit of the N time units. If the count value of the first terminal device in the first time unit is not 0, the first terminal device further receives a second message, and the first terminal device acquires L second parameters from the second message. In this case, the first terminal device further determines the first time-frequency resource according to the L second parameters. For example, the first terminal device selects a second parameter from the L second parameters, and determines the first frequency domain resource associated with the first time unit according to the selected second parameter.

[0150] The first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource in various manners, which are described below by way of example. (1) K = M

[0151] When K = M, the K first parameters and the M second parameters can be regarded as M groups of parameters, one group of parameters includes one first parameter and one second parameter, and one group of parameters corresponds to one frequency domain resource and one time unit. The first parameters included in different groups of parameters can be the same or different, and the second parameters included in different groups of parameters are different. For example, the first message includes {first parameter #1, second parameter #1, first parameter #2, second parameter #2}, wherein the first parameter #1 and the second parameter #1 are a group of parameters, the first parameter #2 and the second parameter #2 are a group of parameters, the first parameter #1 and the first parameter #2 can be the same, and the second parameter #1 and the second parameter #2 are different.

[0152] In the implementation manner 1, the first terminal device can select a second parameter from the M second parameters, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. Further, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter. How the first terminal device determines a certain time unit according to the first parameter will be described below, and is not described here.

[0153] Alternatively, the first terminal device randomly selects a second parameter from the M second parameters.

[0154] Alternatively, the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, one frequency domain resource can correspond to one third parameter, and then the M frequency domain resources and the M third parameters can correspond to each other one by one. For a certain third parameter, the third parameter can indicate the weight (or probability) of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter being selected. Accordingly, the third parameter can also be understood as a weight factor or a probability. If the weight (probability) factor corresponding to a frequency domain resource is larger, it can be considered that the access load of the frequency domain resource is smaller or larger. From this point of view, the third parameter can also be used to determine / indicate the access load of the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third parameter. The first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter, and finally selects a frequency domain resource with a suitable access load, so as to adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources and maximize the access success rate. For example, when the network device indicates a high-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the high-load frequency domain resource; when the network device indicates a low-load frequency domain resource through the third parameter, the terminal device accesses the low-load frequency domain resource.

[0155] The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1. For example, the candidate value set includes M values, one value can be regarded as one third parameter, the value is greater than or equal to 0, and less than or equal to 1. That is, the value range of the third parameter is [0, 1], and the value range of the third parameter can include any one of the two end values "0" and "1".

[0156] Optionally, the candidate value set is (pre)configured. For example, the candidate value set can be included in the first message. The network device can flexibly configure the candidate value set through the first message, so as to flexibly adjust the access load on different frequency domain resources. For example, the first message includes {first parameter #1, second parameter #1, third parameter #1; first parameter #2, second parameter #2, third parameter #2}. Alternatively, the candidate value set can also be carried by signaling other than the first message. In this case, the correspondence between the M values included in the candidate value set and the M frequency domain resources can be predefined. For example, according to the frequency from low to high or from high to low, the M values correspond to the M frequency domain resources one by one.

[0157] Optionally, the network device can also obtain channel state measurement information on the plurality of frequency domain resources before configuring the third parameter. The network device can adjust the candidate value of the third parameter according to the channel state on different frequency domain resources, and allocate a third parameter corresponding to a smaller access load to a frequency domain resource with a poor channel state, so as to reduce the access failure rate.

[0158] The embodiments of the present application do not limit how the first terminal device selects one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the first terminal device can determine the third parameter according to an identifier (ID) of the first terminal device, and select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to the third parameter. For example, the third parameter is a fraction, if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is odd, a certain second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is even, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected. Alternatively, the third parameter is a fraction, if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is less than or equal to a first value, a second parameter (for example, second parameter #1) is selected; if the result of the ID of the first terminal device modulo the denominator of the third parameter is greater than the first value, another second parameter (for example, second parameter #2) is selected.

[0159] For example, M=2, the M frequency domain resources are frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2, the frequency domain resource #1 corresponds to the second parameter #1, the frequency domain resource #2 corresponds to the second parameter #2, the third parameter associated with the frequency domain resource #1 is 2 / 5, and the third parameter associated with the frequency domain resource #2 is 3 / 5. When the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5=0 or 1, the second parameter #1 is selected; when the ID of the first terminal device modulo 5=2, 3 or 4, the second parameter #2 is selected.

[0160] The first terminal device selects a certain second parameter, and determines the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter. For example, the first terminal device can determine the first parameter corresponding to the second parameter according to the correspondence between the M second parameters and the M first parameters, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter. For example, M=2, the first parameter #1 corresponds to the second parameter #1, and the first parameter #2 corresponds to the second parameter #2, the first parameter #1 is Q1, and the first parameter #2 is Q2. Assuming that the second parameter selected by the first terminal device is the second parameter #2, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to Q2. For example, the first terminal device generates a number n according to Q2, and the first time unit is the n+1th time unit in the 2 Q2 time units, and n is a natural number. For example, n is greater than or equal to 0 and n is less than or equal to 2 Q2 .

[0161] In implementation manner 2, the first terminal device can select one second parameter from the M second parameters, and select one first parameter from the M first parameters, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and first parameter as the first time-frequency resource.

[0162] For example, the first terminal device can select one second parameter from the M second parameters and one first parameter from the M first parameters according to the third parameter. The third parameter can refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. Compared with the implementation 1, in the implementation 2, the first terminal device can determine a group of parameters including the first parameter and the second parameter according to the third parameter, and then determine the first time-frequency resource according to the group of parameters, so as to determine the first time-frequency resource as early as possible. For example, the M second parameters correspond to the M first parameters one by one, the M second parameters correspond to the M third parameters one by one, and the M first parameters also correspond to the M third parameters one by one. The first terminal device can determine the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to the third parameter according to the third parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter.

[0163] The first terminal device can determine the first time unit according to the first parameter, which can refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. The first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, which can also refer to the description in the foregoing implementation 1. The application embodiments do not limit the order of determining the first time unit and the first frequency domain resource by the first terminal device. For example, after determining the first parameter and the second parameter, the first terminal device can first determine the first time unit according to the first parameter, and then determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter; or the first terminal device can first determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter, and then determine the first time unit according to the first parameter; or the first terminal device can simultaneously determine the first time unit according to the first parameter and determine the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter.

[0164] The first terminal device can determine the first time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. Similarly, other terminal devices except the first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. For example, the second terminal device can also determine the second time-frequency resource for random access according to the implementation 1 or the implementation 2. The time domain resource of the second time-frequency resource can be the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the second time-frequency resource can be the second frequency domain resource. In this way, different terminal devices can use different frequency domain resources to perform access in the same time unit, or multiple terminal devices perform access in an FDMA manner, so that the access efficiency can be improved.

[0165] For the convenience of understanding, please refer to FIG. 8, which is a schematic diagram of FDMA resource allocation provided by an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 8 takes an example of associating two frequency domain resources on a time unit. The position of each message in FIG. 8 schematically indicates the time-frequency resource for sending or receiving the message. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources (for example, frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) correspond to two second parameters one by one, and the two second parameters correspond to two first parameters (for example, Q1 and Q2 in FIG. 8) one by one. The network device sends {Q1, second parameter #1; Q2, second parameter #2} through the first message, and the network device also sends {third parameter #1, third parameter #2}. Alternatively, the network device sends {Q1, second parameter #1, third parameter #1; Q2, second parameter #2, third parameter #2} through the first message.

[0166] It is assumed that the first terminal device receives the first message and determines the third parameter #2 according to the first terminal device ID. According to the foregoing implementation mode 1, the first terminal device can select the second parameter #2 according to the third parameter #2, and determine the first frequency domain resource as the frequency domain resource #2 according to the second parameter #2. The first terminal device determines the first parameter #2 according to the second parameter #2, and determines the first time unit according to the first parameter #2. The first terminal device can determine the first time-frequency resource (i.e., the position schematically indicated by Msg1#1) for sending Msg1. Alternatively, according to the foregoing implementation mode 2, the first terminal device receives the first message and determines the third parameter #2 according to the first terminal device ID, and can determine {first parameter #2, second parameter #2} according to the third parameter #2. Further, the first terminal device determines the first time unit according to the first parameter #2, and determines the first frequency domain resource according to the second parameter #2, that is, determines the first time-frequency resource (i.e., the frequency domain position schematically indicated by Msg1#1). In this way, the second terminal device can determine the second time-frequency resource (i.e., the position schematically indicated by Msg1#2) for sending Msg1. It should be understood that after the first terminal device sends Msg1, the first terminal device can receive the response message (i.e., Msg2) of Msg1. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position schematically indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3. The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position schematically indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3.

[0167] It should be noted that if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, then the first terminal device receives the second message subsequently. The first terminal device receives the second message once, and then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter of the first terminal device is 0, and the first terminal device sends Msg1. Other terminal devices are similar to the first terminal device. For example, the third terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the third terminal device is not 0, and the third terminal device continues to receive the second message until the value of the counter of the third terminal device is 0. At this time, the third terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource for sending the random access message according to the L second parameters included in the second message and the K first parameters and the M second parameters included in the first message. For example, the time domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the second time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the third time-frequency resource is the frequency domain position shown in Msg1#2. The third terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#3) for sending Msg1. It should be understood that the third terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#3) for sending Msg3. Similarly to the third terminal device, the fourth terminal device can determine to send Msg1 on the fourth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#4). The fourth terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#4) for sending Msg3. The fifth terminal device can determine to send Msg1 on the fifth time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#5). The fifth terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#5) for sending Msg3.

[0168] In a possible implementation, K = 1, that is, the network device sends one first parameter, for example, the first parameter is Q. In this case, the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the first parameter. For example, different frequency domain resources are associated with different value sets, and the first terminal device can determine the first frequency domain resource according to the value set to which the number n generated according to the first parameter belongs.

[0169] For example, the number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. The second value set corresponds to a frequency domain resource #1, and the third value set corresponds to a frequency domain resource #2. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource (i.e., the frequency domain resource #1) corresponding to the second value set. When the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource (i.e., the frequency domain resource #2) corresponding to the third value set.

[0170] There can be various implementation manners for the second value set and the third value set, or the second value set and the third value set can satisfy various different relationships, which are introduced as follows.

[0171] For example, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1]. For the two endpoint values "0" and "2 Q -1", the second value set includes the two endpoint values. For the two endpoint values "2 Q " and "2 Q+1 -1", the third value set includes the two endpoint values. For another example, the second value set is the even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and the third value set is the odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1].

[0172] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, two frequency domain resources (for example, frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) are associated with the first time unit, and accordingly, the first value set includes the second value set and the third value set. In a possible scenario, the first time unit is associated with at least three frequency domain resources. In this case, in addition to the second value set and the third value set, the first value set can also include a fourth value set, which corresponds to the frequency domain resource #3. When the number n belongs to the fourth value set, the first terminal device can determine that the first frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource #1.

[0173] The first terminal device can also determine the first time unit according to the first parameter. For example, the first time unit is the nth time unit in [0, 2 Q3 -1], and Q3 can be equal to Q+1, and n starts from 0.

[0174] Optionally, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the mapping rule between the number n and the 2 Q3 time units and the M frequency domain resources. For example, the number n can be mapped in the order of time domain first and then frequency domain, or the number n can be mapped in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain. For the convenience of understanding, the following will be introduced in combination with FIG. 9 and FIG. 10.

[0175] For example, please refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic diagram of the FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 9 takes the number n mapped in the order of time domain first and then frequency domain as an example. Moreover, FIG. 9 takes two frequency domain resources associated with one time unit as an example. The positions of the Msg messages in FIG. 9 schematically indicate the time-frequency resources for sending or receiving the Msg messages. It should be understood that the two frequency domain resources (for example, frequency domain resource #1 and frequency domain resource #2) correspond to two value sets one by one. For example, the frequency domain resource #1 corresponds to the second value set, and the frequency domain resource #2 corresponds to the third value set. The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], and the third value set is [2Q ,2 Q+1 -1]。

[0176] The Msg1 resources associated with the first time unit and the second time unit can be mapped in the order of time domain first and then frequency domain, in the order of increasing index. For example, Msg1#1, Msg1#2, Msg1#3 and Msg1#4, taking 2 POs in the frequency domain as an example, the 4 Msg1 resources are sorted according to a certain rule, and the sorted result is: Msg1#1 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#2 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#3 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#4 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain, and occupies the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain.

[0177] The network device sends the first parameter Q through the first message. The first terminal device receives the first parameter, and generates a number n according to Q. It is assumed that the number n belongs to the second value set, the first terminal device determines the first frequency domain resource as the frequency domain resource #1, and the first terminal device determines the first time unit as the n+1th time unit in the first time unit set. For example, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#1) for sending Msg1. By analogy, other terminal devices can also determine the time-frequency resource for Msg1. For example, the first terminal device determines the second time-frequency resource (i.e., the position shown in Msg1#3) for sending Msg1. It should be understood that after the first terminal device sends Msg1, the response message (i.e., Msg2) of Msg1 can be received. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for sending Msg3 (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#1). The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for sending Msg3 (i.e., the position shown in Msg3#3). Q3

[0178] ​In addition, if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit, the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, then the first terminal device receives the second message subsequently. The first terminal device receives the second message once, then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter is 0, the first terminal device sends Msg1. At this time, the first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource for sending the random access message according to the received first message and the last received second message. For example, the first terminal device determines the third time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg1#2) for sending Msg1. Similarly, the second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg1#4) for sending Msg1. The first terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3. The second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource (i.e. the position indicated by Msg3#4) for sending Msg3.

[0179] For another example, please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram of the FDMA resource allocation provided by the embodiment of the present application. The difference between FIG. 10 and FIG. 9 is that FIG. 10 takes n as an example which is mapped in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain.

[0180] The Msg1 resources associated with the first time unit and the second time unit can be mapped in the order of increasing index in the order of frequency domain first and then time domain. For example, Msg1#1, Msg1#2, Msg1#3 and Msg1#4, taking 2 access opportunities in the frequency domain as an example, the 4 Msg1 resources are sorted according to a certain rule, and the sorted result is: Msg1#1 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain and the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#2 occupies the first Msg1 position in the time domain and the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#3 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain and the first Msg1 position in the frequency domain; Msg1#4 occupies the second Msg1 position in the time domain and the second Msg1 position in the frequency domain.

[0181] The network device sends the first parameter Q through the first message. The first terminal device receives the first parameter, and generates the number n according to Q. It is assumed that the number n belongs to the second value set, the first terminal device determines that the first frequency domain resource is frequency domain resource #1, and the first terminal device determines that the first time unit is 2 Q3For example, the first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#1). Similarly, the other terminal devices can also determine the time-frequency resource for Msg 1. For example, the first terminal device determines a second time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#2). It should be understood that after the first terminal device transmits Msg 1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg 2) to Msg 1. The first terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#1). The second terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#2).

[0182] In addition, if the first terminal device receives the first message in the first time unit and the current value of the counter of the first terminal device is not 0, the first terminal device subsequently receives the second message. The first terminal device receives the second message once, and then the value of the counter is reduced by 1, until the value of the counter is 0, and the first terminal device transmits Msg 1. At this time, the first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource for transmitting the random access message according to the received first message and the last received second message. For example, the first terminal device determines a third time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#3). Similarly, the second terminal device can also determine the time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 1 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 1#4). The first terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#3). The second terminal device can also determine a time-frequency resource for transmitting Msg 3 (i.e., the location indicated by Msg 3#4).

[0183] S703, the first terminal device transmits the random access message in the first time-frequency resource.

[0184] After the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource, the first terminal device can transmit the random access message in the first time-frequency resource. In the embodiments of the present application, different terminal devices can use different frequency domain resources to perform access in the same time unit, so that the access efficiency can be improved.

[0185] For example, referring to Figure 8, the first terminal device determines the first time-frequency resource as the location indicated by Msg1#1 and sends Msg1 on the first time-frequency resource. After sending Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (Msg2) to Msg1. The first terminal device determines the time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3 based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, and sends Msg3 on that time-frequency resource. Similarly, the second terminal device determines the second time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg1#2) and sends Msg1 on that second time-frequency resource. The second terminal device determines the time-frequency resource (the location indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3 based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, and sends Msg3 on that time-frequency resource.

[0186] Each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it decrements the value of the counter by one until the counter value is 0, at which point it sends Msg1.

[0187] For example, referring to Figure 9, the first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1#1) and sends Msg1 on that resource. After sending Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e., Msg2) to Msg1. Based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, the first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3#1) for sending Msg3 and sends Msg3 on that resource. Similarly, the second terminal device determines a second time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg1#2) and sends Msg1 on that resource. Based on the configuration information carried in Msg2, the second terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e., the location indicated by Msg3#2) for sending Msg3 and sends Msg3 on that resource.

[0188] Where the second set of values ​​is [0, 2] Q -1], the third set of values ​​is [2] Q ,2 Q+1 -1], each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it increments the counter value by 2. Q After taking the modulo, decrement by one until the counter value reaches 0, then send Msg1. When the second value set is [0, 2...] Q+1 Even numbers in [-1], the third set of values ​​is [0, 2]. Q+1 For odd numbers in [-1], each time the first terminal device receives the second message, it increments the counter value by 2. Q After taking the modulo, subtract 2 until the counter value is 0, then send Msg1.

[0189] For another example, please continue to refer to FIG. 10, the first terminal device determines a first time-frequency resource (i.e. the position shown in Msg1#1), and transmits Msg1 on the first time-frequency resource. After the first terminal device transmits Msg1, the first terminal device can receive a response message (i.e. Msg2) of Msg1. The first terminal device determines a time-frequency resource (i.e. the position shown in Msg3#1) for transmitting Msg3 according to configuration information carried in Msg2, and transmits Msg3 on the time-frequency resource.

[0190] wherein, when the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1] and the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device decreases 1 from the value of the counter after the value of the counter is taken modulo 2 Q each time the second message is received, until the value of the counter is 0, and then transmits Msg1. When the second value set is even numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1] and the third value set is odd numbers in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the first terminal device decreases 2 from the value of the counter after the value of the counter is taken modulo 2 Q each time the second message is received, until the value of the counter is 0, and then transmits Msg1.

[0191] By the scheme provided in the embodiments of the present application, multiple AIoT devices can perform access through the FDMA manner in the same time unit, thereby improving the access efficiency. In addition, the AIoT devices can also select appropriate resources to perform access according to the access load of the resources, so as to improve the access success rate as much as possible.

[0192] The above embodiments provided in the present application take the first terminal device and the network device as examples to introduce the method provided in the embodiments of the present application. In the present application, each embodiment can be independently implemented or implemented based on certain internal relationship; different implementation manners in each embodiment can be combined or independently implemented. In order to implement the functions in the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the steps performed by the first terminal device can be implemented by the terminal device itself or by a functional entity (such as a terminal device) including the first terminal device. The steps performed by the network device can be implemented by the network device itself or by a functional entity (such as a network device) including the network device. In order to implement the functions in the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first terminal device and the network device can include hardware structures and / or software modules, and the above functions are implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a certain function in the above functions is implemented in the form of hardware structure, software module, or hardware structure plus software module depends on the specific application of the technical scheme and the design constraint conditions.

[0193] Based on the same concept as the method embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus used to implement the above method in the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the drawings. The above content can be used in the subsequent embodiments, and the repeated content will not be described again.

[0194] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1100 provided by the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatus 1100 can correspond to the functions or steps implemented by the first terminal apparatus in the above various method embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1100 can be the AIoT device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2; or the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip (system) in the AIoT device; or the communication apparatus 1100 is a software module of the AIoT device. Alternatively, the communication apparatus 1100 can correspond to the functions or steps implemented by the network apparatus in the above various method embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1100 can be the network device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2; or the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip (system) in the network device; or the communication apparatus 1100 is a software module of the network device. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of the reader.

[0195] The communication apparatus 1100 can include a processing module 1110 and a transceiver module 1120. Optionally, it can also include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions (codes or programs) and / or data. The storage module can be, for example, a memory. The processing module 1110 and the transceiver module 1120 can be coupled with the storage module. For example, the processing module 1110 can read the instructions (codes or programs) and / or data in the storage module to implement the corresponding method. For example, when the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip in the AIoT device, the storage module can be a storage module in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc. For example, the storage module can also be a storage module in the AIoT device located outside the chip, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), etc. The above various units can be independently arranged, or partially or wholly integrated.

[0196] The processing module 1110 can be a processor or a controller, for example, can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a digital signal processing (DSP), an application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in combination with the disclosure of the present application. The processor can also be a combination of computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, combinations of DSP and microprocessor, etc. The transceiver module 1120 is a transceiver, interface circuit, bus, pin or other possible communication interface for receiving signals from other devices. For example, when the device is implemented in the form of a chip, the transceiver module 1120 is an interface circuit of the chip for receiving signals from other chips or devices, or is an interface circuit of the chip for transmitting signals to other chips or devices.

[0197] In an implementation manner, the communication device 1100 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the first terminal device in the above method embodiments. The communication device 1100 can be an AIoT device, can be a component (such as a chip or circuit) in the AIoT device, can be a part of a chip or chip set in the AIoT device for executing related method functions, or can be a software module in the first terminal device capable of implementing the above communication method, without limitation. For details, reference can be made to the related content of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0198] For example, the transceiver module 1120 is configured to receive K first parameters and M second parameters, wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the communication device 1100 to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer, and M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units. The second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The processing module 1110 is configured to determine a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters. The transceiver module 1120 is further configured to send a random access message on the first time-frequency resource. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

[0199] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0200] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is further configured to determine the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

[0201] As an optional implementation, the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and select one first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, and determine the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and the first parameter as the first time-frequency resource. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0202] As an optional implementation, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0203] As an optional implementation, the first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

[0204] As an optional implementation, K = 1, and the processing module 1110 is specifically configured to generate a number n according to the first parameter, and determine the first frequency domain resource according to n. The number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set. The frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set is different from the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set. When the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set.

[0205] As an optional implementation, the second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, the second value set is an even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is an odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

[0206] In an implementation, the communication apparatus 1100 can correspond to implement the behavior and functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. The communication apparatus 1100 can be a network device, or a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) in the network device, or a part in the chip or chip set for performing the functions of the related method, or a software module in the network device for implementing the above communication method, without limitation. Optionally, the network device has part or all of the functions of the reader. For details, refer to the related content of the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] For example, the transceiver module 1120 is configured to send K first parameters and M second parameters, and receive a random access message in a first time-frequency resource. The first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, and K is a positive integer. A first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second parameter is used to indicate a frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters. The time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources. The processing module 1110 is configured to determine the K first parameters and the M second parameters.

[0208] As an optional implementation, the K first parameters and the M second parameters are included in the first message.

[0209] As an optional implementation, the transceiver module 1120 is further configured to send a second message, the second message including L second parameters, and L is less than or equal to M.

[0210] In an implementation, the M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters one by one. The third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

[0211] As an optional implementation, the first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

[0212] As an optional implementation, the third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

[0213] As an optional implementation, the first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

[0214] When the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip type apparatus or circuit, the transceiver module can be an input / output circuit and / or a communication interface; the processing module is an integrated processor or microprocessor or integrated circuit.

[0215] FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 1200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 1200 can be the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the above embodiments. For example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be an AIoT device or a chip (system) in the AIoT device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. For another example, the communication apparatus 1200 can be a network device or a chip (system) in the network device in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. For specific functions, refer to the description in the method embodiments.

[0216] The communication apparatus 1200 includes one or more processors 1201 for implementing or for supporting implementation of the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the methods according to the embodiments of the present application. For specific functions, refer to the detailed description in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. The processor 1201 can also be referred to as a processing unit or a processing module, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 1201 can be a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor. For example, it includes a baseband processor, a central processing unit, an application processor, a modem processor, a graphics processor, an image signal processor, a digital signal processor, a video coding and decoding processor, a controller, a memory, and / or a neural network processor, etc. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data. The central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus 1200 (such as a terminal device or a network device), execute software programs and / or process data. Different processors can be independent devices, or can be integrated into one or more processors, such as integrated into one or more application specific integrated circuits.

[0217] In one design, the processor 1201 can include a program 1203 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions at times) that can be run on the processor 1201 to cause the communication apparatus 1200 to perform the methods described in the following embodiments. In another possible design, the communication apparatus 1200 includes a circuit (not shown in FIG. 12) for implementing the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus in the above embodiments.

[0218] In an example, one or more memories 1202 can be included in the communication device 1200, on which programs 1204 (which can also be referred to as code or instructions) are stored, and the programs 1204 can be run on the processor 1201, so that the communication device 1200 performs the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0219] In an example, an AI module 1207 can be included in the processor 1201 and / or the memory 1202, and the AI module 1207 is configured to implement AI-related functions. The AI module can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the AI module can include a RIC module. For example, the AI module can be a near-real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0220] In an example, the processor 1201 and / or the memory 1202 can also store data. The processor and the memory can be separately arranged, or integrated together.

[0221] In an example, the communication device 1200 can also include a transceiver 1205 and / or an antenna 1206. The processor 1201 can also be referred to as a processing unit, and is configured to control the communication device 1200. The transceiver 1205 can also be referred to as a transceiving unit, a transceiver, a transceiving circuit, or a transceiver, and is configured to implement the transceiving function of the communication device 1200 through the antenna 1206.

[0222] In an example, the communication device 1200 can also include one or more of the following components: a wireless communication module, an audio module, an external memory interface, an internal memory, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a power management module, an antenna, a speaker, a microphone, an input / output module, a sensor module, a motor, a camera, or a display screen, etc. It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the communication device 1200 can include more or fewer components, or some components can be integrated, or some components can be split. These components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0223] The communication device in the above embodiments can be a first terminal device or a network device, can be a circuit, and can be a chip or other combination device, component, etc. having the first terminal device or the network device. When the communication device is a terminal device, the transceiver module can be a transceiver and can include an antenna, a radio frequency circuit, etc., and the processing module can be a processor, such as a CPU. When the communication device is a chip system, the communication device can be an FPGA, can be an ASIC, can be a SoC, can be a CPU, can be a network processor (NP), can be a DSP, can be a micro controller unit (MCU), can be a programmable logic device (PLD), or can be another integrated chip. The processing module can be a processor of the chip system. The transceiver module or the communication interface can be an input / output interface or an interface circuit of the chip system. For example, the interface circuit can be a code / data read / write interface circuit. The interface circuit can be used to receive code instructions (the code instructions are stored in a memory and can be directly read from the memory or can be read from the memory through another device) and transmit the code instructions to the processor; the processor can be used to run the code instructions to perform the method in the above method embodiments. For another example, the interface circuit can also be a signal transmission interface circuit between a communication processor and a transceiver.

[0224] The embodiments of the present application further provide a communication system, including at least one terminal device and at least one network device, the terminal device is a terminal device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method, and the network device is a network device for implementing the functions related to the above communication method.

[0225] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer readable storage medium including instructions, when the instructions are executed on a computer, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0226] The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including computer program code, when the computer program code is executed, the method executed by the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method is executed.

[0227] The embodiments of the present application provide a chip system including a processor and can further include a memory, for implementing the functions of the first terminal device or the network device in the above communication method. The chip system can be composed of a chip or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0228] To implement the functions of the communication apparatus in FIG. 11-12, the embodiments of the present application further provide a chip, comprising a processor, configured to support the communication apparatus to implement the functions of the first terminal apparatus or the network apparatus involved in the above method embodiments. In a possible design, the chip is connected with a memory or the chip comprises a memory, and the memory is configured to store computer programs or instructions and data necessary for the communication apparatus.

[0229] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process described above does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0230] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0231] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system, apparatus and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0232] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method can be implemented by other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0233] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0234] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the part of the technical solutions of the present application that essentially contributes or the part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0235] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two consecutive first messages, the first message is used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer; M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units, the second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, and one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters; determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources; sending a random access message on the first time-frequency resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: selecting a second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determining the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters further comprises: determining the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: selecting a second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and selecting a first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determining the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and the first parameter as the first time-frequency resource.

5. The method of any one of claims 2-4, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first message further comprises the third parameter or the candidate value set.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, K=1, determining a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters comprises: generating a number n according to the first parameter, the number n belongs to a first value set, the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set; determining the first frequency domain resource according to the number n, wherein when the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set, and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set are different.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, The second value set is even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

9. A communication method characterized by comprising: comprises: transmitting K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer; a first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, the second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; receiving a random access message on the first time-frequency resource, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, The first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and the sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

14. A communications device, characterized by Comprise: a transceiver unit, configured to receive K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter is used to indicate N time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger the first terminal device to access the network, N is a positive integer, K is a positive integer; M is the number of frequency domain resources associated with a first time unit in the N time units, the second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters one by one, one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters; a processing unit, configured to determine a first time-frequency resource according to the K first parameters and the M second parameters, the time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and the frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources; the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit a random access message on the first time-frequency resource.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The processing unit is specifically configured to: select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the selected second parameter as the first frequency domain resource.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, The processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the first time unit according to the first parameter corresponding to the selected second parameter.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The processing unit is specifically configured to: select one second parameter from the M second parameters according to a third parameter, and select one first parameter from the K first parameters according to the third parameter, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1; determine the time-frequency resource corresponding to the selected second parameter and the first parameter as the first time-frequency resource.

18. The apparatus of any one of claims 15-17, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein, The first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

20. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, K=1, and the processing unit is specifically configured to: generate a number n according to the first parameter, the number n belongs to a first value set, and the first value set includes a second value set and a third value set; determine the first frequency domain resource according to the number n, wherein when the number n belongs to the second value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to a frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set; and when the number n belongs to the third value set, the first frequency domain resource belongs to a frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set, and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the second value set and the frequency domain resource corresponding to the third value set are different.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein, The second value set is [0, 2 Q -1], the third value set is [2 Q , 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter; or, The second value set is even number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], the third value set is odd number in [0, 2 Q+1 -1], and Q is the first parameter.

22. A communications device, characterized by comprises: a transceiver, configured to send K first parameters and M second parameters; wherein the first parameter indicates N time units between two continuous first messages, the first message is used to trigger a first terminal device to access a network, N is a positive integer, and K is a positive integer; a first time unit in the N time units is associated with M frequency domain resources, and the second parameter is used to indicate one frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources, the M frequency domain resources correspond to the M second parameters in a one-to-one manner, one first parameter corresponds to one or more second parameters, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; a processing unit, configured to determine the first time-frequency resource, a time domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is the first time unit, and a frequency domain resource of the first time-frequency resource is a first frequency domain resource in the M frequency domain resources; the transceiver is further configured to receive a random access message at the first time-frequency resource.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein, The M frequency domain resources correspond to M third parameters in a one-to-one manner, the third parameter is greater than or equal to 0, and the third parameter is less than or equal to 1.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein, The first parameter corresponding to the first time unit corresponds to the second parameter corresponding to the first frequency domain resource.

25. The apparatus of claim 23 or 24, wherein, The third parameter belongs to a candidate value set, and the candidate value set includes at least one value, and a sum of the at least one value is equal to 1.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein, The first message further includes the third parameter or the candidate value set.

27. A communications device, characterized by The communication device includes at least one processor configured to cause the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed by the communication device, or the at least one processor is configured to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 9-13.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, when the computer program runs on a computer, so that the method of any one of claims 1-8 is executed, or the method of any one of claims 9-13 is executed.

29. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product comprises a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be performed, or causes the method of any one of claims 9-13 to be performed.

30. A chip system, characterized by The chip system comprises: a processor and an interface, the processor being configured to call and run instructions from the interface, the processor, when executing the instructions, implementing the method of any one of claims 1-8, or implementing the method of any one of claims 9-13.

Images