Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based low power wakeup signals
The use of an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform with an OFDM sequence addresses latency and resource wastage issues in existing LP-WUS systems, enhancing system performance through reduced latency and resource usage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/124359
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based low power wakeup signals (LP-WUS) during a connected mode of a user equipment (UE) suffer from latency and resource wastage due to the use of on-off keying (OOK) modulation, which requires additional time and resources for data transmission.
Implementing an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that carries information bits using an OFDM sequence, either alone or in conjunction with an OOK envelope, to reduce latency and resource usage.
The OFDM based LP-WUS reduces latency and resource consumption, improving overall system performance by enabling faster and more efficient data transmission.
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Figure CN2024124359_16042026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING BASED LOW POWER WAKEUP SIGNALS
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods associated with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based low power wakeup signals (LP-WUSs) .BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services, which may involve carrying or supporting voice, text, other messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication among multiple wireless communication devices including user devices or other devices by sharing the available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Such multiple-access RATs are supported by technological advancements that have been adopted in various telecommunication standards, which define common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a local, municipal, national, regional, or global level.
[0004] An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR) . NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . NR (and other RATs beyond NR) may be designed to better support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, Internet of things (IoT) networks or reduced capability device deployments, and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) applications. To support these verticals, NR systems may be designed to implement a modularized functional infrastructure, a disaggregated and service-based network architecture, network function virtualization, network slicing, multi-access edge computing, millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for connectivity continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other RATs, such as 6G and beyond, may be introduced to enable new applications and facilitate new use cases.SUMMARY
[0005] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) includes one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to: receive, during a connected mode of the UE, a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0006] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node includes one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the network node to: transmit, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and transmit a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0007] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and receiving a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0008] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a network node includes transmitting, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and transmitting a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0009] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to: receive, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and receive a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0010] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a network node, cause the network node to:transmit, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and transmit a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0011] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and means for receiving a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0012] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for transmitting, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and means for transmitting a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0013] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, this specification and accompanying drawings.
[0014] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0016] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated network node architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of on-off keying (OOK) symbols and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sequences, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0019] Figs. 4-9 are diagrams illustrating examples associated with OFDM based low power wakeup signals (LP-WUSs) , in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] Fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] Fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0022] Figs. 12-13 are diagrams of example apparatuses for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms. The present disclosure is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalities with which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0024] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0025] A low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) may be a signal that is transmitted by a network node and monitored by a user equipment (UE) . LP-WUS monitoring may be associated with a lower power consumption as compared to physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring. The LP-WUS may be applicable to both a UE idle / inactive mode operation and a UE connected mode operation. During the UE idle / inactive mode operation, the LP-WUS may trigger the UE to receive a paging PDCCH. During the UE connected mode operation, the LP-WUS may trigger the UE to receive a PDCCH transmission that schedules uplink data or downlink data. The LP-WUS may be characterized by an on-off keying (OOK) envelope and an underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform. During the UE idle / inactive mode operation, an OOK modulation may be applied to all LP-WUS transmissions in which the OOK envelope carries an entire wakeup information. The underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may not contain any portion of the wakeup information.
[0026] However, during the UE connected mode operation, only using the OOK modulation for the LP-WUS transmissions may result in latency and resource wastage. The OOK modulation may indicate only one of two states of a binary bit (e.g., a value of 0 or a value of 1) in a time duration. Since only one bit may be transmitted during the time duration when the OOK modulation is applied, a relatively long period of time may be needed for the UE to receive an entire LP-WUS from the network node. The relatively long period of time may also correspond with an increased number of resources that are used to convey the LP-WUS transmission, thereby degrading an overall system performance.
[0027] Various aspects relate generally to OFDM based LP-WUSs. Some aspects more specifically relate to OFDM based LP-WUSs during a connected mode of a UE. In some examples, a UE may receive, from a network node and during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS. The LP-WUS may be associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on an OFDM sequence and / or an OOK envelope. The OFDM sequence may carry one or more information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM sequence may be an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS, and no symbols of the OOK envelope may carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS, and the OOK envelope may be disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0028] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by enabling OFDM based LP-WUSs, the described techniques can be used to transmit LP-WUSs using fewer resources and in a shorter period of time, as compared to OOK modulation based LP-WUSs. The LP-WUS may be based at least in part on the OFDM sequence, which may carry the one or more information bits of the LP-WUS. Since using OOK symbols may require additional time and resources as compared to using OFDM sequences, the OOK symbols may be used in conjunction with the OFDM sequences but the OOK symbols may not be used instead of the OFDM sequences. By only using the OFDM sequences, or by using a combination of the OFDM sequences and the OOK symbols, the network node may be able to convey the information bits of the LP-WUS using fewer resources, and the UE may be able to receive the information bits of the LP-WUS in a shorter amount of time. Such decreased latency and decreased resource usage may improve an overall system performance.
[0029] As described above, wireless communication systems may be deployed to provide various services, which may involve carrying or supporting voice, text, other messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. Some wireless communications systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) . The multiple-access RATs may be capable of supporting communication with multiple wireless communication devices by sharing the available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0030] Multiple-access RATs are supported by technological advancements that have been adopted in various telecommunication standards, which define common protocols that enable wireless communication devices to communicate on a local, municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . 5G NR may support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, Internet of Things (IoT) networks or reduced capability (RedCap) device deployments, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) applications, and / or massive machine-type communication (mMTC) , among other examples.
[0031] To support these and other target verticals, a wireless communication system may be designed to implement a modularized functional infrastructure, a disaggregated and service-based network architecture, network function virtualization, network slicing, multi-access edge computing, millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , beamforming, IoT device or RedCap device connectivity and management, industrial connectivity, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , frequency spectrum expansion, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication (for example, sub-band full-duplex (SBFD) ) , multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, network energy savings (NES) , low-power signaling and radios, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) , among other examples.
[0032] The foregoing and other technological improvements may support use cases, such as wireless fronthauls, wireless midhauls, wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples.
[0033] As the demand for connectivity continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other RATs, such as 6G and beyond, may be introduced to enable new applications and facilitate new use cases. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies or new technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases or new use cases.
[0034] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110. For example, in Fig. 1, the wireless communication network 100 includes a network node (NN) 110a and a network node 110b. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120. For example, in Fig. 1, the network nodes 110 support communication with a UE 120a, a UE 120b, and a UE 120c. In some examples, a UE 120 may also communicate with other UEs 120 and a network node 110 may communicate with a core network and with other network nodes 110.
[0035] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, and / or channels. For example, devices of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless communication networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency bands or ranges. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with other RATs. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) , in which multiple RATs are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may support communication over unlicensed spectrum, where access to an unlicensed channel is subject to a channel access mechanism. For example, in a shared or unlicensed frequency band, a transmitting device may perform a channel access procedure, such as a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure, to contend against other devices for channel access before transmitting on a shared or unlicensed channel.
[0036] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz) , which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into the mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to mid-band frequencies or to frequencies that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, FR5, and / or the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz.
[0037] A network node 110 and / or a UE 120 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication with other devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. For example, a UE 120 and a network node 110 may each include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs) , chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system, such as a processing system 140 of the UE 120 or a processing system 145 of the network node 110. A processing system (for example, the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145) includes processor (or “processing” ) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs) , graphics processing units (GPUs) , neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs) ) , and / or digital signal processors (DSPs) ) , processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “processor” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . Such processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set. In some other examples, each of a group of processors may be configurable or configured to perform a same set of functions.
[0038] The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may each include memory circuitry in the form of one or multiple memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include or implement tangible storage media such as random-access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) , or combinations thereof (any one or more of which may be generally referred to herein individually as a “memory” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry” ) . One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code or instructions (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be configured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
[0039] The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may each include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a cellular (for example, a 5G or 6G compliant) modem) . In some examples, one or more processors of the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145 include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system 140 and the processing system 145 may also include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio” ) , multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some examples, one or more processors of the processing system 140 and / or the processing system 145 include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains, or transceivers. An RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) , and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by the processing system 140 of the UE 120 or by the processing system 145 of the network node 110) .
[0040] A network node 110 and a UE 120 may each include one or multiple antennas or antenna arrays. Typical network nodes 110 and UEs 120 may include multiple antennas, which may be organized or structured into one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. As used herein, the term “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. The term “antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters associated with the group of antennas. The term “antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas as well as one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device such as the network node 110 and the UE 120.
[0041] A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN) . In various deployments, a network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures) . For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements a part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack) , or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node having an aggregated architecture, meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logically integrated within a single physical structure in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that operates with a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.
[0042] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , having a disaggregated architecture, meaning that the network node 110 may operate with a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. An example disaggregated network node architecture is described in more detail below with reference to Fig. 2. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance) , or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN) , also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) , to facilitate scaling by separating network functionality into multiple units or modules that can be individually deployed.
[0043] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , and one or more radio units (RUs) . A CU may host one or more higher layers, such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host a lower PHY layer that is configured to perform functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (IFFT) , beamforming, and / or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. An RU may perform RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an IFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer split (LLS) . In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some examples, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples, which may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as in a cloud deployment.
[0044] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. The term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or more cells (for example, each cell may support communication within an angular (for example, 60 degree) range around the network node) . In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with associated service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may also allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with associated service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an NTN network node) .
[0045] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas (for example, a cell 130a and a cell 130b) , and / or have different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110.
[0046] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the coverage area of the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an access terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, or smart jewelry) , a gaming device, an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, or a satellite radio) , an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device) , a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.
[0047] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive IoT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical IoT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, eMBB, and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between that of the UEs 120 of the first category and that of the UEs 120 of the second capability) . A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capability UE ( “RedCap UE” ) , a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation, electrical distribution, process automation, transport and logistics, or smart city deployments, among other examples.
[0048] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link) . The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to a UE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (for example, frames, subframes, slots, and symbols) , frequency domain resources (for example, frequency bands, component carriers (CCs) , subcarriers, resource blocks, and resource elements) , and spatial domain resources (for example, particular transmit directions or beams) .
[0049] Frequency domain resources may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs) . A BWP may be a block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous set of resource blocks (RBs) within a full component carrier bandwidth) that may be configured at a UE-specific level. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (which may be the same or different) . Each BWP may be associated with its own numerology (indicating a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP) ) . A BWP may be dynamically configured or activated (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a downlink control information (DCI) configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured (for example, in real-time or near-real-time) according to changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or specific requirements of one or more UEs 120. An active BWP defines the operating bandwidth of the UE 120 within the operating bandwidth of the serving cell. The use of BWPs enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor and reduce UE power consumption by enabling the UE to monitor fewer frequency domain resources) , leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability (for example, RedCap) UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120 and / or by facilitating reduced UE power consumption.
[0050] As used herein, a downlink signal may be or include a reference signal, control information, or data. For example, downlink reference signals include a primary synchronization signal (PSS) , a secondary SS (SSS) , an SS block (SSB) (for example, that includes a PSS, an SSS, and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) ) , a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) , a tracking reference signal (TRS) , and a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) , among other examples. A downlink signal carrying control information or data may be transmitted via a downlink channel. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels for transmitting control information and one or more data channels for transmitting data. Downlink reference signals may be transmitted in addition to, or multiplexed with, downlink control channel communications and / or downlink data channel communications. A downlink control channel may be specifically used to transmit DCI from a network node 110 to a UE 120. DCI generally contains the information the UE 120 needs to identify RBs in a subsequent subframe and how to decode them, including a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or redundancy version parameters. Different DCI formats carry different information, such as scheduling information in the form of downlink or uplink grants, slot formal indicators (SFIs) , preemption indicators (PIs) , transmit power control (TPC) commands, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information, new data indicators (NDIs) , among other examples. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include PDCCHs, and downlink data channels may include physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) . Control information or data communications may be transmitted on a PDCCH and PDSCH, respectively. For example, a PDCCH can carry DCI, while a PDSCH can carry a MAC control element (MAC-CE) , an RRC message, or user data, among other examples. Each PDSCH may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data.
[0051] As used herein, an uplink signal may include a reference signal, control information, or data. For example, uplink reference signals include a sounding reference signal (SRS) , a PTRS, and a DMRS, among other examples. An uplink signal carrying control information or data may be transmitted via an uplink channel. An uplink channel may include one or more control channels for transmitting control information and one or more data channels for transmitting data. Uplink reference signals may be transmitted in addition to, or multiplexed with, uplink control channel communications and / or uplink data channel communications. An uplink control channel may be specifically used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs) , and uplink data channels may include physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs) . Control information or data communications may be transmitted on a PUCCH and PUSCH, respectively. For example, a PUCCH can carry UCI, while a PUSCH can carry a MAC-CE, an RRC message, or user data, among other examples. UCI can include a scheduling request (SR) , HARQ feedback information (for example, a HARQ acknowledgement (ACK) indication or a HARQ negative acknowledgement (NACK) indication) , uplink power control information (for example, an uplink TPC parameter) , and / or CSI, among other examples. CSI can include a channel quality indicator (CQI) (indicative of downlink channel conditions to facilitate selection of transmission parameters, such as an MCS, by a network node 110) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) (for example, indicative of a beam used to transmit a CSI-RS) , an SS / PBCH resource block indicator (SSBRI) (for example, indicative of a beam used to transmit an SSB) , a layer indicator (LI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and / or measurement information (for example, a layer 1 (L1) -reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, among other examples) which can be used for beam management, among other examples. Each PUSCH may carry one or more TBs of data.
[0052] The information (for example, data, control information, or reference signal information) transmitted by a network node 110 to a UE 120, or vice versa, may be represented as a sequence of binary bits that are mapped (for example, modulated) to an analog signal waveform (for example, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) -spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform or a CP-OFDM waveform) that is transmitted by the network node 110 or UE 120 over a wireless communication channel. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively) may select an MCS (for example, an order of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) , such as 64-QAM, 128-QAM, or 256-QAM, among other examples) for a downlink signal or an uplink signal. For example, the network node 110 may select an MCS for a downlink signal in accordance with UCI received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may transmit, to the UE 120, an indication of the selected MCS for the downlink signal, such as via DCI that schedules the downlink signal. As another example, the network node 110 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, an indication of an MCS to be applied for the one or more uplink signals, such as via DCI scheduling transmission of the one or more uplink signals.
[0053] The network node 110 or the UE 120 (such as by using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled modems) may perform signal processing on the information (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, an IFFT operation, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, and / or encoding, among other examples) to generate a processed signal in accordance with the selected MCS. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled encoders or modems) may perform a channel coding operation or a forward error correction (FEC) operation to control errors in transmitted information. For example, the network node 110 or the UE 120 may perform an encoding operation to generate encoded information (such as by selectively introducing redundancy into the information, typically using an error correction code (ECC) , such as a polar code or a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code) . The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 and / or one or more modems) may further perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the encoded information to generate one or more processed or precoded signals for downlink or uplink transmission, respectively. In some examples, the network node 110 or the UE 120 may perform codebook-based precoding or non-codebook-based precoding. Codebook-based precoding may involve selecting a precoder (for example, a precoding matrix) using a codebook. For example, the network node 110 may provide precoding information indicating which precoder, defined by the codebook, is to be used by the UE 120. Non-codebook-based precoding may involve selecting or deriving a precoder based on, or otherwise associated with, one or more downlink or uplink signal measurements. The network node 110 or the UE 120 may transmit the processed downlink or uplink signals, respectively, via one or more antennas.
[0054] The network node 110 or the UE 120 may receive uplink signals or downlink signals, respectively, via one or more antennas. The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or one or more coupled modems) may perform signal processing (for example, in accordance with the MCS) on the received uplink or downlink signals, respectively (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, an FFT operation, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, and / or decoding, among other examples) , to map the received signal (s) to a sequence of binary bits (for example, received information) that estimates the information transmitted by the network node 110 or the UE 120 via the downlink or uplink signals. The network node 110 or the UE 120 (for example, using the processing system 145 or the processing system 140, respectively, and / or a coupled decoder or one or more modems) may decode the received information (such as by using an ECC, a decoding operation, and / or an FEC operation) to detect errors and / or correct bit errors in the received information to generate decoded information. The decoded information may estimate the information transmitted via the downlink or uplink signals.
[0055] In some examples, a UE 120 and a network node 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. A network node 110 and / or UE 120 may communicate using massive MIMO, multi-user MIMO, or single-user MIMO, which may involve rapid switching between beams or cells. For example, the amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating a phase shift, a phase offset, and / or an amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. For example, the network node 110b may generate one or more beams 160a, and the UE 120b may generate one or more beams 160b. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction, a directional reception of a wireless signal from a transmitting device or otherwise in a desired direction, a direction associated with a directional transmission or directional reception, a set of directional resources associated with a signal transmission or signal reception (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction) , a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal, among other examples.
[0056] MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may include a massive MIMO technique which may be associated with an increased (for example, “massive” ) quantity of antennas at the network node 110 and / or at the UE 120, such as in a network implementing mmWave technology. Massive MIMO may improve communication reliability by enabling a network node 110 and / or a UE 120 to communicate the same data across different propagation (or spatial) paths. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) . Some RATs may employ MIMO techniques, such as multi-TRP (mTRP) operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs) , reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT) .
[0057] To support MIMO techniques, the network node 110 and the UE 120 may perform one or more beam management operations, such as an initial beam acquisition operation, one or more beam refinement operations, and / or a beam recovery operation. For example, an initial beam acquisition operation may involve the network node 110 transmitting signals (for example, SSBs, CSI-RSs, or other signals) via respective beams (for example, of the beams 160a of the network node 110) and the UE 120 receiving and measuring the signal (s) via respective beams of multiple beams (for example, from the beams 160b of the UE 120) to identify a best beam (or beam pair) for communication between the UE 120 and the network node 110. For example, the UE 120 may transmit an indication (for example, in a message associated with a random access channel (RACH) operation) of a (best) identified beam of the network node 110 (for example, by indicating an SSBRI or other identifier associated with the beam) . A beam refinement operation may involve a first device (for example, the UE 120 or the network node 110) transmitting signal (s) via a subset of beams (for example, identified based on, or otherwise associated with, measurements reported as part of one or more other beam management operations) . A second device (for example, the network node 110 or the UE 120) may receive the signal (s) via a single beam (for example, to identify the best beam for communication from the subset of beams) . The beam (s) may be identified via one or more spatial parameters, such as a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state and / or a quasi co-location (QCL) parameter, among other examples. The network node 110 and the UE 120 may increase reliability and / or achieve efficiencies in throughput, signal strength, and / or other signal properties for massive MIMO operations by performing the beam management operations.
[0058] Some aspects and techniques as described herein may be implemented, at least in part, using an artificial intelligence (AI) program (for example, referred to herein as an “AI / ML model” ) , such as a program that includes a machine learning (ML) model and / or an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The AI / ML model may be deployed at one or more devices 165 (for example, a network node 110 and / or UEs 120) . For example, the one or more devices 165 may include a UE 120 (for example, the processing system 140) , a network node 110 (for example, the processing system 145) , one or more servers, and / or one or more components of a cloud computing network, among other examples. In some examples, the AI / ML model (or an instance of the AI / ML model) may be deployed at multiple devices (for example, a first portion of the AI / ML model may be deployed at a UE 120 and a second portion of the AI / ML model may be deployed at a network node 110) . In other examples, a first AI / ML model may be deployed at a UE 120 and a second AI / ML model may be deployed at a network node 110. The AI / ML model (s) may be configured to enhance various aspects of the wireless communication network 100. For example, the AI / ML model (s) may be trained to identify patterns or relationships in data corresponding to the wireless communication network 100, a device, and / or an air interface, among other examples. The AI / ML model (s) may support operational decisions relating to one or more aspects associated with wireless communications devices, networks, or services.
[0059] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., the UE 120) may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may receive, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and receive a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0060] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110) may include a communication manager 155. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 155 may transmit, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and transmit a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 155 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0061] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.
[0062] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated network node architecture 200, in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated network node architecture 200 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such one or more network nodes 110) . The disaggregated network node architecture 200 may include a CU 210 that can communicate directly with a core network 220 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 220 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a non-real-time (Non-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 250 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 260 and / or a near-real-time (Near-RT) RIC 270 (for example, via an E2 link) . The CU 210 may communicate with one or more DUs 230 via respective midhaul links, such as via F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 230 may communicate with one or more RUs 240 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 240 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 240.
[0063] Each of the components of the disaggregated network node architecture 200, including the CUs 210, the DUs 230, the RUs 240, the Near-RT RICs 270, the Non-RT RICs 250, and the SMO Framework 260, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.
[0064] In some aspects, the CU 210 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 210 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 230, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 240. For example, a DU 230 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 230, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 210. Each RU 240 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230.
[0065] The SMO Framework 260 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 260 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 260 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 290) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface, such as an O2 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 210, a DU 230, an RU 240, a non-RT RIC 250, and / or a Near-RT RIC 270. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 260 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 280, via an O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO Framework 260 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 240 via a respective O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 230 and the CU 210 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0066] The Non-RT RIC 250 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 270. The Non-RT RIC 250 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 270. The Near-RT RIC 270 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 210, one or more DUs 230, and / or an O-eNB 280 with the Near-RT RIC 270.
[0067] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 270, the Non-RT RIC 250 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 270 and may be received at the SMO Framework 260 or the Non-RT RIC 250 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 250 or the Near-RT RIC 270 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 250 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 260 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
[0068] The network node 110, the processing system 145 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the processing system 140 of the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, the RU 240, or any other component (s) of Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the processing system 145 of the network node 110, the processing system 140 of the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or more other processors) . Memory of the network node 110 may store data and program code (or instructions) for the network node 110, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240. In some examples, the memory of the network node 110 may store data relating to a UE 120, such as RRC state information or a UE context. Memory of a UE 120 may store data and program code (or instructions) for the UE 120, such as context information. In some examples, the memory of the UE 120 or the memory of the network node 110 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication. For example, the set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors (for example, of the processing system 145 or the processing system 140) of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 210, the DU 230, or the RU 240, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 1000 of Fig. 10, process 1100 of Fig. 11, or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
[0069] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., the UE 120) includes means for receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and / or means for receiving a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE. The means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, processing system 140, a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, one or more modems, a reception component (for example, reception component 1202 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 12) , and / or a transmission component (for example, transmission component 1204 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 12) , among other examples.
[0070] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110) includes means for transmitting, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and / or means for transmitting a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE. The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 155, processing system 145, a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, one or more antennas, one or more modems, a reception component (for example, reception component 1302 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 13) , and / or a transmission component (for example, transmission component 1304 depicted and described in connection with Fig. 13) , among other examples.
[0071] As indicated above, Fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 2.
[0072] An LP-WUS may be a signal that is transmitted by a network node and monitored by a UE. An LP-WUS monitoring may be associated with a lower power consumption as compared to a PDCCH monitoring. An overall UE power consumption may be reduced by the LP-WUS monitoring when the following condition is satisfied: Plpwus+Prbsch·Ppdcch<Ppdcch,
[0073] where Plpwus is an LP-WUS monitoring power, Ppdcch is a PDCCH monitoring power, and Prbsch is a probability that a PDCCH scheduling of the UE is transmitted within a period of the LP-WUS.
[0074] A condition for the LP-WUS monitoring may be in accordance with:
[0075] where the condition may be satisfied when a probability that the UE is scheduled is not high and the LP-WUS monitoring power is low. The LP-WUS monitoring may occur more frequently than the PDCCH monitoring, with a lower overall power consumption for the UE. As a result, the network node may have more flexibility when scheduling the UE, which may result in a lower scheduling delay for latency critical traffic.
[0076] The LP-WUS may be applicable to both a UE idle / inactive mode operation and a UE connected mode operation. For a UE idle / inactive mode, the LP-WUS may trigger the UE to receive a paging PDCCH. The UE idle / inactive mode may be useful for IoT devices which operate in an idle / inactive mode a majority of the time. For a UE connected mode, the LP-WUS may trigger the UE to receive a PDCCH transmission that schedules uplink data or downlink data. The UE connected mode may be useful for mobile devices (e.g., cell phones) that consume significant battery power in the UE connected mode. A scheduling factor may be considered in a connected mode LP-WUS design for the UE connected mode operation.
[0077] The connected mode LP-WUS design may be based at least in part on a bitmap or a codepoint. A bitmap based LP-WUS may contain bits associated with different UEs (multiple UEs) . A value 1 or 0 of a bit may indicate whether or not an associated UE is triggered to monitor the PDCCH. The UE may need to detect an entire bitmap to receive its own wakeup information. A codepoint based LP-WUS may be configured to carry the wakeup information for a single UE. A codepoint value may be a UE identifier (ID) . The UE may detect the LP-WUS only for its own associated codepoint value. When the LP-WUS carries the codepoint value assigned to the UE, the UE may start the PDCCH monitoring. As compared to the bitmap based LP-WUS, the codepoint based LP-WUS may provide more flexibility for connected mode LP-WUS monitoring. In different LP-WUS monitoring occasions (MOs) for different UEs or different UE groups, different LP-WUS parameters may be configured based at least in part on an associated UE’s preference. The different LP-WUS parameters may include a time domain duration of the LP-WUS in a number of OFDM symbols and an M value, where M is a number of OOK ON or OFF symbols in an OFDM symbol duration. When the UE is associated with a good channel condition (e.g., a line of sight around a cell center) , the UE may support a shorter LP-WUS and a larger M value. When the UE is not associated with the good channel condition, the UE may support a longer LP- WUS and a shorter M value. For the bitmap based LP-WUS, such flexibility may not always be available because the LP-WUS may be shared by the multiple UEs and these UEs may have different preferences. Additional UE preferences and LP-WUS configurations for a codepoint based LP-WUS with OFDM modulation may be considered. The codepoint based LP-WUS may be utilized for the UE idle / inactive mode operation, and / or the UE connected mode operation. When using the codepoint based LP-WUS, each LP-WUS MO may be configured with a single LP-WUS associated with one UE so that the LP-WUS in the MO carries a single bit of information.
[0078] The LP-WUS may be associated with various modulation schemes. The LP-WUS may be associated with OOK modulation. The OOK modulation may be used to carry information via an OOK envelope of an LP-WUS waveform. For example, a presence or absence of energy in a time duration may indicate one of the two states of a binary bit in the time duration. The presence of energy may correspond to an on state (abit value of 1) , and the absence of energy may correspond to an off state (abit value of 0) . The OOK envelope may be characterized by a rectangular shape representing binary data being transmitted, with clear transitions between the on state and the off state. The LP-WUS may be associated with OFDM modulation. An OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may carry more information than a single bit. For example, when the network node transmits one of N candidate OFDM waveforms, an OFDM waveform may carry log2 (N) bits. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be detected in a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than the OOK envelope, which may allow the UE to more quickly detect the wakeup information in a wider area in a cell which further saves UE power by achieving a prolonged sleep time. A UE implementation may either support an OOK detector that only detects wakeup information from the OOK envelope of the LP-WUS waveform, or an OFDM receiver that is able to detect an underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform.
[0079] For the UE idle / inactive mode operation, an LP-WUS design may consider both types of UEs (e.g., UEs supporting the OOK detector or UEs supporting the OFDM receiver) and all possible implementations or use cases. For example, a mobile UE may experience varying channel conditions. Different UEs may have different channel conditions. Limited UE capability information may be reported to the network node. A relatively large number of UEs in a tracking area may need to be considered in the LP-WUS design. For these use cases, the LP-WUS design may be based at least in part on a UE group based signaling, and the LP-WUS design may consider worst channel conditions. For the UE connected mode operation, the LP-WUS may be based at least in part on a UE specific signaling, and the LP-WUS design may be optimized for each UE. The network node may have information on the UE’s channel condition and location from the UE’s CSI report, layer 1 (L1) RSRP report, and / or positioning measurement report. For the UE connected mode operation, the LP-WUS may only be transmitted in a serving cell of the UE for a limited number of UEs. The network node may generate the LP-WUS based at least in part on the UE’s low power wake up receiver (LP-WUR) type and specific preferences for the LP-WUS design.
[0080] The LP-WUS may be characterized by the OOK envelope and the underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform. For an idle / inactive mode LP-WUS, the OOK modulation may be applied to all LP-WUS transmissions in which the OOK envelope carries an entire wakeup information. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may not contain any information when only used to flatten an LP-WUS frequency spectrum. For the idle / inactive mode LP-WUS, when the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform contains wakeup information for an OFDM based LP-WUR, the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may carry the entire wakeup information, or the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may carry a part of the wakeup information and the UE may obtain the entire wakeup information jointly from the OOK envelope and the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform. Unlike the idle / inactive mode LP-WUS, a connected mode LP-WUS may not assume that the OOK modulation is the only modulation scheme when the UE supports the OFDM based LP-WUR.
[0081] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of OOK symbols and OFDM sequences, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0082] As shown in Fig. 3, for an idle / inactive mode LP-WUS operation, a network node may transmit OOK symbols and OFDM sequences. An OOK symbol may be associated with a value of 0 or a value of 1, depending on a rectangular shape associated with the OOK symbol. The OFDM sequences may indicate various combinations of bit values (e.g., 10, 01, or 11) . For example, a first OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 1 and 0, a second OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 0 and 1, and a third OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 1 and 1. When the OFDM sequences only carry part of LP-WUS information, some of the OFDM sequences may be replaced by unknown signals or signals irrelevant to an LP-WUS.
[0083] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.
[0084] An LP-WUS may be characterized by an OOK envelope and an underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform. During an UE idle / inactive mode operation, an OOK modulation may be applied to all LP-WUS transmissions in which the OOK envelope carries an entire wakeup information. The underlying OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may not contain any portion of the wakeup information. However, during a UE connected mode operation, only using the OOK modulation for the LP-WUS transmissions may result in latency and resource wastage. The OOK modulation may indicate only one of two states of a binary bit (e.g., a value of 0 or a value of 1) in a time duration. Since only one bit may be transmitted during the time duration when the OOK modulation is applied, a relatively long period of time may be needed for the UE to receive an entire LP-WUS from the network node. The relatively long period of time may also correspond with an increased number of resources that are used to convey the LP-WUS transmission, thereby degrading an overall system performance.
[0085] In various aspects of techniques and apparatuses described herein, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence, where the OFDM sequence may be a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. The OFDM sequence may be used to carry information bits. An OFDM based LP-WUR may support various OFDM based LP-WUS schemes for the connected mode LP-WUS. In a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) may carry all information bits of an LP-WUS, and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. In a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, OOK symbols may not carry information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM based LP-WUR may obtain information bits only from the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) . In a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, both the OOK symbols and the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) carry part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM based LP-WUR may obtain the information bits based at least in part on the OFDM sequence and a location of the OFDM sequence and OOK ON symbols. In a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, OOK modulation may be disabled, and only the OFDM sequence may be used for the LP-WUS.
[0086] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4, example 400 includes communication between a UE (e.g., UE 120) and a network node (e.g., network node 110) . In some aspects, the UE and the network node may be included in a wireless network, such as wireless network 100.
[0087] As shown by reference number 402, the UE may receive, from the network node and during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS. The LP-WUS may be associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on an OFDM sequence and / or an OOK envelope. The OFDM sequence may carry one or more information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM sequence may be a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence. The OFDM sequence may be an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope. The UE may receive the LP-WUS via an LP-WUR of the UE.
[0088] In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope may carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the OFDM sequence may carry all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope may be disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the UE may receive the LP-WUSs in accordance with one or more of the first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or the fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0089] In some aspects, the UE may transmit, to the network node, an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The UE may transmit, to the network node, a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated. In some aspects, the UE may receive, from the network node, the activation message that indicates the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The UE may receive, from the network node, the deactivation message that indicates the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0090] In some aspects, the UE may transmit, to the network node, a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE. The UE may receive, from the network node, an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message. In some aspects, the UE may transmit, to the network node, a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes. The request to switch may be based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, and / or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. The UE may receive, from the network node and in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes. In some aspects, the UE may receive, from the network node, a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, where the switching may be based at least in part on the resource usage, the channel condition, and / or the preferred LP-WUS detection time. The UE may transmit, to the network node, an ACK.
[0091] As shown by reference number 404, the UE may receive, from the network node, a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS. The PDCCH transmission may schedule uplink data for the UE. Alternatively, the PDCCH transmission may schedule downlink data for the UE. In other words, during the connected mode of the UE, the LP-WUS may trigger the UE to receive the PDCCH transmission that schedules the uplink data or the downlink data.
[0092] As indicated above, Fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 4.
[0093] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0094] In some aspects, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence, where the OFDM sequence may be a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. The OFDM sequence may be used to carry information bits. For the connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM based LP-WUR at a UE may support an OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) that carries all information bits of an LP-WUS, and symbols of the OOK envelope that carries part of the information bits of the LP-WUS.
[0095] As shown in Fig. 5, an OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) may carry all information bits of an LP-WUS, and symbols of an OOK envelope (OOK symbols) may carry part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. For a connected mode LP-WUS, a network node may not need to transmit a full OOK LP-WUS to a UE when the UE has an OFDM based LP-WUR, which may save resources for an LP-WUS transmission. The full OOK LP-WUS (full OOK symbols) may be used when the UE is in an idle / inactive mode (e.g., as shown in Fig. 3) , but using the full OOK LP-WUS may require a relatively long amount of time to receive all information. When the UE is in a connected mode, the full OOK LP-WUS may not be needed. Information bits associated with UE capability information, uplink information, and / or channel quality information may be exchanged between the UE and the network node using the OFDM sequence and / or the OOK envelope. Since OFDM waveforms are able to convey more information than OOK waveforms, a required time to convey the information bits may be reduced, thereby improving an overall system performance. In other words, the UE may receive all information from the OFDM sequence, rather than only from OOK symbols, thereby reducing the required time for the network node to convey the information bits.
[0096] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 5.
[0097] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0098] In some aspects, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. For the connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM based LP-WUR at a UE may support obtaining all information bits from the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) , where OOK symbols may not carry information bits of the LP-WUS.
[0099] As shown by reference number 602, a network node may transmit, to a UE, a low power synchronization signal (LP-SS) in a periodic manner. The network node may transmit a preamble associated with an LP-WUS. The network node may transmit an LP-WUS payload after transmitting the preamble. The preamble may be used by the UE for a timing correction. In this example, the preamble may not carry any information. As shown by reference number 604, a network node may transmit, to a UE, an LP-SS in a periodic manner. The network node may transmit a preamble associated with an LP-WUS and an LP-WUS payload. In this example, the LP-WUS payload may be fully carried in the preamble, or the LP-WUS payload may be partially carried in the preamble. In other words, the preamble may carry partial LP-WUS information. The preamble may be a sequence that is configured to the UE. The preamble may or may not use Manchester encoding, whereas the LP-WUS payload may use Manchester encoding.
[0100] As indicated above, Fig. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 6.
[0101] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0102] In some aspects, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. For the connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM based LP-WUR at a UE may support both OOK symbols and the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) carrying part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM based LP-WUR may obtain the information bits from the OFDM sequence and a location of the OFDM sequence and OOK ON symbols, which may result in a shorter LP-WUS with less resource usage and a faster LP-WUS detection by the UE.
[0103] As shown in Fig. 7, a network node may transmit, to a UE, OOK symbols and OFDM sequences, which may each carry part of the information bits of an LP-WUS. For example, the OOK symbols may correspond to bit values of 1 and 0, respectively. A first OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 0 and 1, and a second OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 1 and 1. The OOK symbols and the OFDM sequences may both carry part of the information bits, which may reduce an amount of resources used for an LP-WUS transmission. Overall bits may be allocated in both the OOK symbols and the OFDM sequences. The UE may decode both the OOK symbols and the OFDM sequences to obtain the information bits.
[0104] As indicated above, Fig. 7 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 7.
[0105] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 800 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0106] In some aspects, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. For the connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM based LP-WUR at a UE may support disabling OOK modulation, where only the OFDM sequence may be used for the LP-WUS. In this example, no OOK envelope may be present and only the OFDM sequence may be transmitted in the LP-WUS, which may result in a shorter LP-WUS duration and a faster LP-WUS detection by the UE.
[0107] As shown in Fig. 8, a network node may transmit, to a UE, a plurality of OFDM sequences with no OOK envelope, where the OFDM sequences may carry information bits of an LP-WUS. For example, a first OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 1 and 0, a second OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 0 and 1, and a third OFDM sequence may correspond to bit values of 1 and 1. The plurality of OFDM sequences may be associated with a typical OFDM transmission with no on / off pattern, which may result in continuous OFDM sequences having less resource cost.
[0108] As indicated above, Fig. 8 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 8.
[0109] In some aspects, for a connected mode LP-WUS, an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated from an OFDM sequence. The OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be generated on top of an OOK envelope, and the OFDM sequence associated with the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform may be considered to be an overlaid OFDM sequence. An OFDM based LP-WUR may support various OFDM based LP-WUS schemes for the connected mode LP-WUS. In a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) may carry all information bits of an LP-WUS, and symbols of the OOK envelope may carry part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. In a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, OOK symbols may not carry information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM based LP-WUR may obtain information bits only from the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) . In a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, both the OOK symbols and the OFDM sequence (or multiple OFDM sequences) carry part of the information bits of the LP-WUS. The OFDM based LP-WUR may obtain the information bits based at least in part on the OFDM sequence and a location of the OFDM sequence and OOK ON symbols. In a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, OOK modulation may be disabled (no OOK envelope) , and only the OFDM sequence may be used for the LP-WUS.
[0110] In some aspects, a network node and / or a UE may employ the fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, but periodically, the network node and / or the UE may employ the first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. The fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme may provide a shortest LP-WUS duration and a fastest LP-WUS detection, as compared to the first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, and the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, which may save resources. However, the fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme disables OOK modulation and without the OOK envelope, the UE may be unable to extract timing information. Thus, the network node and / or the UE may periodically employ the first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to obtain the OOK envelope for extracting the timing information.
[0111] In some aspects, the network node and / or the UE may employ the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, but periodically, the network node and / or the UE may employ the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, both the OOK envelope and the OFDM sequence may carry the information bits, which largely saves resources. However, in the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, the OOK envelope may be relatively short. The second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, which may involve repeated OOK envelopes, may improve an extraction of the timing information. Thus, the network node and / or the UE may periodically employ the second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme along with the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0112] In some aspects, different OFDM based LP-WUS schemes for the connected mode LP-WUS may be enabled or disabled. The LP-WUS may be activated or deactivated when the UE enters or exits an LP-WUS coverage area. In some aspects, for an activation or deactivation, an element may be added in an LP-WUS activation message or an LP-WUS deactivation message to indicate which OFDM based LP-WUS scheme (e.g., the third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme) is to be activated or deactivated, respectively. The UE may activate or disable the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme based at least in part on the LP-WUS activation message or the LP-WUS deactivation message, respectively. The LP-WUS activation message or the LP-WUS deactivation message may be signaled from the network node to the UE. Additionally, or alternatively, the LP-WUS activation message or the LP-WUS deactivation message may be an indication from the UE to the network node. In some aspects, the UE that is in a connected mode and supports an OFDM based LP-WUR may indicate, to the network node, a preferred OFDM based LP-WUS scheme (e.g., the fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme) for an LP-WUR implementation. The UE may indicate the preferred LP-WUS design as part of a UE capability that is signaled to the network node. In other words, a UE capability reporting may indicate the preferred OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. In some aspects, the UE may report, to the network node, one or more supported OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, and the network node may enable one or more of these OFDM based LP-WUS schemes for the UE’s LP-WUS.
[0113] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0114] In some aspects, an activation or a deactivation may be an adaptive mechanism for LP-WUS monitoring, and the activation or the deactivation may be extended to switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes. The switching may be based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, and / or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. For example, when a UE is in a connected mode, a preferred OFDM based LP-WUS scheme for the UE may depend on a UE location. The UE location may be based at least in part on global positioning system (GPS) information associated with the UE. When the UE accesses a network node, a specific OFDM based LP-WUS scheme may be triggered based at least in part on the UE location. As another example, OFDM modulation may provide a higher gain for a signal coverage as compared to OOK modulation (e.g., an additional 7 decibels (dB) of gain) . In this example, for a relatively large coverage or a relatively poor channel condition (e.g., low signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) ) , all information bits should be carried using OFDM sequences (e.g., a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme or a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, as described herein) . The switching may be configured from a network node to the UE, or the switching may be based at least in part on a request from the UE to the network node.
[0115] As shown by reference number 902, the UE may transmit, to the network node, a request to activate or deactivate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme (e.g., one of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, as described herein) . As shown by reference number 904, the network node may transmit, to the UE, a configuration that configures the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. The configuration may be in response to the request from the UE, or alternatively, the network node may transmit the configuration without any request. The network node may configure the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme requested by the UE or a different OFDM based LP-WUS scheme. As shown by reference number 906, the UE may employ the OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, in accordance with the configuration, and the UE may transmit an ACK to the network node.
[0116] As indicated above, Fig. 9 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 9.
[0117] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs.
[0118] As shown in Fig. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS (block 1010) . For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1202 and / or communication manager 1206, depicted in Fig. 12) may receive, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS, as described above.
[0119] As further shown in Fig. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE (block 1020) . For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component 1202 and / or communication manager 1206, depicted in Fig. 12) may receive a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE, as described above.
[0120] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0121] In a first aspect, the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.
[0122] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the LP-WUS is received via an OFDM based LP-WUR of the UE.
[0123] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0124] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0125] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0126] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0127] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 1000 includes receiving LP-WUSs in accordance with one or more of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0128] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 1000 includes transmitting an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated, or transmitting a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0129] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 1000 includes receiving an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated, or receiving a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0130] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 1000 includes transmitting a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE, and receiving an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message.
[0131] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, process 1000 includes transmitting a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time, and receiving, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes.
[0132] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, process 1000 includes receiving a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time, and transmitting an acknowledgement.
[0133] Although Fig. 10 shows example blocks of process 1000, in some aspects, process 1000 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 10. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1000 may be performed in parallel.
[0134] Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with OFDM based LP-WUSs.
[0135] As shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include transmitting, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS (block 1110) . For example, the network node (e.g., using transmission component 1304 and / or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13) may transmit, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS, as described above.
[0136] As further shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include transmitting a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE (block 1120) . For example, the network node (e.g., using transmission component 1304 and / or communication manager 1306, depicted in Fig. 13) may transmit a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE, as described above.
[0137] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0138] In a first aspect, the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.
[0139] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0140] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0141] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0142] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0143] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 1100 includes transmitting LP-WUSs in accordance with one or more of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0144] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated, or receiving a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0145] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 1100 includes transmitting an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated, or transmitting a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0146] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE, and transmitting an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message.
[0147] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time, and transmitting, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes.
[0148] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, process 1100 includes transmitting a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time, and receiving an acknowledgement.
[0149] Although Fig. 11 shows example blocks of process 1100, in some aspects, process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 11. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.
[0150] Fig. 12 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1200 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1200 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 includes a reception component 1202, a transmission component 1204, and / or a communication manager 1206, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . In some aspects, the communication manager 1206 is the communication manager 150 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1200 may communicate with another apparatus 1208, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1202 and the transmission component 1204. The communication manager 1206 may be included in, or implemented via, a processing system (for example, the processing system 140 described in connection with Fig. 1) of the UE.
[0151] In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 4-9. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1000 of Fig. 10. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 12 may include one or more components of the UE described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0152] The reception component 1202 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1208. The reception component 1202 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 may perform signal processing on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the UE.
[0153] The transmission component 1204 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1208. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1200 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1204 for transmission to the apparatus 1208. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may perform signal processing on the generated communications, and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1208. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the UE described in connection with Fig. 1. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 may be co-located with the reception component 1202.
[0154] The communication manager 1206 may support operations of the reception component 1202 and / or the transmission component 1204. For example, the communication manager 1206 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1202 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1204. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1206 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1202 and / or the transmission component 1204 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.
[0155] The reception component 1202 may receive, during a connected mode of the UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS. The reception component 1202 may receive a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0156] The transmission component 1204 may transmit an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The transmission component 1204 may transmit a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated. The reception component 1202 may receive an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The reception component 1202 may receive a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated. The transmission component 1204 may transmit a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE. The reception component 1202 may receive an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message. The transmission component 1204 may transmit a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. The reception component 1202 may receive, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes. The reception component 1202 may receive a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. The transmission component 1204 may transmit an ACK.
[0157] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 12 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 12. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 12 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 12 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 12.
[0158] Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1300 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 includes a reception component 1302, a transmission component 1304, and / or a communication manager 1306, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . In some aspects, the communication manager 1306 is the communication manager 155 described in connection with Fig. 1. As shown, the apparatus 1300 may communicate with another apparatus 1308, such as a UE or a network node (such as a CU, a DU, an RU, or a base station) , using the reception component 1302 and the transmission component 1304. The communication manager 1306 may be included in, or implemented via, a processing system (for example, the processing system 145 described in connection with Fig. 1) of the network node.
[0159] In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 4-9. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1100 of Fig. 11, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may include one or more components of the network node described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0160] The reception component 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1308. The reception component 1302 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications, and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may include one or more components of the network node described above in connection with Fig. 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the network node. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 and / or the transmission component 1304 may include or may be included in a network interface. The network interface may be configured to obtain and / or output signals for the apparatus 1300 via one or more communications links, such as a backhaul link, a midhaul link, and / or a fronthaul link.
[0161] The transmission component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1300 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may perform signal processing on the generated communications, and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1308. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may include one or more components of the network node described above in connection with Fig. 1, such as a radio, one or more RF chains, one or more transceivers, or one or more modems, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more antennas of the network node described in connection with Fig. 1. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may be co-located with the reception component 1302.
[0162] The communication manager 1306 may support operations of the reception component 1302 and / or the transmission component 1304. For example, the communication manager 1306 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 1302 and / or transmission of communications by the transmission component 1304. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 1306 may generate and / or provide control information to the reception component 1302 and / or the transmission component 1304 to control reception and / or transmission of communications.
[0163] The transmission component 1304 may transmit, during a connected mode of a UE, an LP-WUS, wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an OOK envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS. The transmission component 1304 may transmit a PDCCH transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0164] The reception component 1302 may receive an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The reception component 1302 may receive a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated. The transmission component 1304 may transmit an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated. The transmission component 1304 may transmit a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated. The reception component 1302 may receive a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE. The transmission component 1304 may transmit an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message. The reception component 1302 may receive a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. The transmission component 1304 may transmit, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes. The transmission component 1304 may transmit a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time. The reception component 1302 may receive an ACK.
[0165] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 13 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 13. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 13 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 13.
[0166] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
[0167] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising: receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and receiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0168] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and wherein the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.
[0169] Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the LP-WUS is received via an OFDM based low power wakeup receiver (LP-WUR) of the UE.
[0170] Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 1-3, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0171] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0172] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, wherein the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0173] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0174] Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, wherein LP-WUSs are received in accordance with one or more of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0175] Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, further comprising: transmitting an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; or transmitting a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0176] Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspects 1-9, further comprising: receiving an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; or receiving a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0177] Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspects 1-10, further comprising: transmitting a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE; and receiving an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message.
[0178] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, further comprising: transmitting a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; and receiving, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes.
[0179] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 1-12, further comprising: receiving a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; and transmitting an acknowledgement.
[0180] Aspect 14: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: transmitting, during a connected mode of a user equipment (UE) , a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; and transmitting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
[0181] Aspect 15: The method of Aspect 14, wherein the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and wherein the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.
[0182] Aspect 16: The method of any of Aspects 14-15, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0183] Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 14-16, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0184] Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 14-17, wherein the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0185] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 14-18, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0186] Aspect 20: The method of any of Aspects 14-19, wherein LP-WUSs are transmitted in accordance with one or more of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.
[0187] Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 14-20, further comprising: receiving an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; or receiving a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0188] Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 14-21, further comprising: transmitting an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; or transmitting a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.
[0189] Aspect 23: The method of any of Aspects 14-22, further comprising: receiving a user equipment (UE) capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE; and transmitting an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message.
[0190] Aspect 24: The method of any of Aspects 14-23, further comprising: receiving a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; and transmitting, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes.
[0191] Aspect 25: The method of any of Aspects 14-24, further comprising: transmitting a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; and receiving an acknowledgement.
[0192] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0193] Aspect 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0194] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0195] Aspect 29: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0196] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0197] Aspect 31: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0198] Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-25.
[0199] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects. No element, act, or instruction described herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such.
[0200] It will be apparent that systems or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software used to implement these systems or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. A component being configured to perform a function means that the component has a capability to perform the function, and does not require the function to be actually performed by the component, unless noted otherwise.
[0201] As used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to refer to one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more” or “at least one. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or “asingle one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” “comprise, ”
[0202] “comprising, ” “include” and “including, ” and derivatives thereof or similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A may also have B) . Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) . As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
[0203] As used herein, the term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, estimating, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database, or another data structure) , searching, inferring, ascertaining, and / or measuring, among other possibilities. Also, “determining” can include receiving (such as receiving information) , accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory) or transmitting (such as transmitting information) , among other possibilities. Additionally, “determining” can include resolving, selecting, obtaining, choosing, establishing, and / or other such similar actions.
[0204] As used herein, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based at least in part on” or “based on or otherwise in association with” unless explicitly stated otherwise. As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples.
[0205] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the scope of all aspects described herein. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.
Claims
1.An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the UE to:receive, during a connected mode of the UE, a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; andreceive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.2.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and wherein the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.3.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:receive the LP-WUS via an OFDM based low power wakeup receiver (LP-WUR) of the UE.4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.5.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.6.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.7.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.8.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to:receive LP-WUSs in accordance with one or more of a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme, or a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.9.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:transmit an activation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; ortransmit a deactivation message to indicate an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.10.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:receive an activation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be activated; orreceive a deactivation message that indicates an OFDM based LP-WUS scheme to be deactivated.11.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:transmit a UE capability message that indicates one or more OFDM based LP-WUS schemes that are supported by the UE; andreceive an indication of an enabled OFDM based LP-WUS scheme in accordance with the UE capability message.12.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:transmit a request to switch between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the request to switch is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; andreceive, in response to the request, a configuration that enables switching between the OFDM based LP-WUS schemes.13.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to:receive a configuration for switching between OFDM based LP-WUS schemes, wherein the switching is based at least in part on a resource usage, a channel condition, or a preferred LP-WUS detection time; andtransmit an acknowledgement.14.An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising:one or more memories; andone or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the network node to:transmit, during a connected mode of a user equipment (UE) , a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; andtransmit a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.15.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the OFDM sequence is a time domain OFDM sequence or a frequency domain OFDM sequence, and wherein the OFDM sequence is an overlaid OFDM sequence based at least in part on the OFDM modulated LP-WUS waveform being generated on top of the OOK envelope.16.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a portion of the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a first OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.17.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and no symbols of the OOK envelope carry the information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a second OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.18.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the OFDM sequence carries a first portion of information bits of the LP-WUS and symbols of the OOK envelope carry a second portion of information bits of the LP-WUS, in accordance with a third OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.19.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the OFDM sequence carries all information bits of the LP-WUS and the OOK envelope is disabled, in accordance with a fourth OFDM based LP-WUS scheme.20.A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:receiving, during a connected mode of the UE, a low power wakeup signal (LP-WUS) , wherein the LP-WUS is associated with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated LP-WUS waveform that is generated based at least in part on one or more of an OFDM sequence or an on-off keying (OOK) envelope, and wherein the OFDM sequence carries one or more information bits of the LP-WUS; andreceiving a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission based at least in part on the LP-WUS, wherein the PDCCH transmission schedules uplink data or downlink data for the UE.
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