A method for random access channel transmission and reception
By transmitting multiple random access channel preambles using different spatial filters and receiving an optimal beam indication, the method addresses beam misalignment issues, reducing latency and improving network efficiency in wireless communication networks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZTE CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-07
AI Technical Summary
In wireless communication networks, especially in mmWave bands, the misalignment between UE transmission and reception beams during the random access procedure leads to increased latency and inefficiencies due to the need for beam switching and retransmissions, which prolongs the initial access time.
A method involving the transmission of multiple random access channel preambles using different spatial filters or beams in a burst without waiting for a response, followed by an optimal uplink beam indication from the base station to ensure efficient subsequent transmissions.
This approach reduces initial access time by allowing simultaneous beam testing and reduces latency by identifying the optimal uplink beam proactively, enhancing network performance and user experience.
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Figure CN2024129262_07052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A METHOD FOR RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTIONTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This disclosure is directed generally to wireless communications, and particularly to a method, device, and system for random access in a wireless communication network, such as 4G, 5G, and 6G wireless communication network.BACKGROUND
[0002] Efficiency in random access is an important factor in wireless communications due to its impact on network performance and user experience. An efficient random access mechanism minimizes network access latency for a wireless device such as a User Equipment (UE) , reduces communication overhead while optimizing power consumption for both devices and network infrastructure. This efficiency leads to improved overall throughput and reliability. As wireless networks continue to expand and evolve, efficient random access becomes even more crucial for supporting the growing number of connected devices effectively. Further, it ensures better user experience through faster connection establishment and fewer connection failures, while providing economic benefits by lowering operational costs for network operators and extending the battery life of connected devices.SUMMARY
[0003] This disclosure is directed to a method, device, and system for wireless communication, and more specifically, for random access using multiple beams in a wireless communication system, such as 4G, 5G, and 6G wireless communication network.
[0004] In some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device is disclosed. The method may include: transmitting, to a wireless communication node, a first message to initiate a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters (or N different transmission beams) , wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers. The wireless communication node may include a base station.
[0005] In some embodiments, a method performed by a network node is disclosed. The method may include: receiving, from a wireless device, a first message for initiating a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters, wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers. The wireless device may include a User Equipment (UE) .
[0006] In some embodiments, there is a network node or a UE / wireless device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to read code from the memory and implement any methods recited in any of the embodiments.
[0007] In some embodiments, a computer program product comprising a computer-readable program medium code stored thereupon, the code, when executed by a processor, causing the processor to implement any method recited in any of the embodiments.
[0008] The above embodiments and other aspects and alternatives of their implementations are described in greater detail in the drawings, the descriptions, and the claims below.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 shows an example wireless communication network.
[0010] FIG. 2 shows an example wireless network node.
[0011] FIG. 3 shows an example user equipment.
[0012] FIG. 4 shows show various exemplary Random Access Channel (RACH) procedures.
[0013] FIG. 5 shows an exemplary RACH procedure in which reception (RX) beam has a correspondence relationship with transmission (TX) beam.
[0014] FIG. 6 shows an exemplary RACH procedure in which RX beam does not have a correspondence relationship with TX beam.
[0015] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary RACH procedure with Msg1 repetitions using multiple beams.
[0016] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary Media Access Control Protocol Data Unit (MAC PDU) structure.
[0017] FIG. 9 shows an exemplary MAC PDU subheader.
[0018] FIG. 10 shows an exemplary MAC Random Access Response (RAR) structure.
[0019] FIG. 11 shows an extended MAC PDU subheader with optimal uplink beam indication according to embodiments of this disclosure.
[0020] FIGs. 12-13 show exemplary structures for a new octet added to the MAC RAR.
[0021] FIG. 14 shows an exemplary extended MAC RAR according to embodiments of this disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 15 shows an exemplary RACH procedure in which different beams and beam level Msg1 repetition are employed.
[0023] FIG. 16 shows an exemplary RO group set which includes one or more RO groups associated with a same SSB.
[0024] FIGs. 17-18 show various example RO group sets.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Wireless Communication Network
[0026] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary wireless communication network 100 that includes a core network 110 and a radio access network (RAN) 120. The core network 110 further includes at least one Mobility Management Entity (MME) 112 and / or at least one Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) . Other functions that may be included in the core network 110 are not shown in FIG. 1. The RAN 120 further includes multiple base stations, for example, base stations 122 and 124. The base stations may include at least one evolved NodeB (eNB) for 4G LTE, an enhanced LTE eNB (ng-eNB) , or a Next generation NodeB (gNB) for 5G New Radio (NR) , 6G network or any other type of signal transmitting / receiving device such as a UMTS NodeB. The eNB 122 communicates with the MME 112 via an S1 interface. Both the eNB 122 and gNB 124 may connect to the AMF 114 via an Ng interface. Each base station manages and supports at least one cell. For example, the base station gNB 124 may be configured to manage and support cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3.
[0027] The gNB 124 may include a central unit (CU) and at least one distributed unit (DU) . The CU and the DU may be co-located in a same location, or they may be split in different locations. The CU and the DU may be connected via an F1 interface. Alternatively, for an eNB which is capable of connecting to the 5G network, it may also be similarly divided into a CU and at least one DU, referred to as ng-eNB-CU and ng-eNB-DU, respectively. The ng-eNB-CU and the ng-eNB-DU may be connected via a W1 interface.
[0028] The wireless communication network 100 may include one or more tracking areas. A tracking area may include a set of cells managed by at least one base station. For example, tracking area 1 labeled as 140 includes cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, and may further include more cells that may be managed by other base stations and not shown in FIG. 1. The wireless communication network 100 may also include at least one UE 160. The UE may select a cell among multiple cells supported by a base station to communication with the base station through Over the Air (OTA) radio communication interfaces and resources, and when the UE 160 travels in the wireless communication network 100, it may reselect a cell for communications. For example, the UE 160 may initially select cell 1 to communicate with base station 124, and it may then reselect cell 2 at certain later time point. The cell selection or reselection by the UE 160 may be based on wireless signal strength / quality in the various cells and other factors.
[0029] The wireless communication network 100 may be implemented as, for example, a 2G, 3G, 4G / LTE, 5G, or 6G cellular communication network. Correspondingly, the base stations 122 and 124 may be implemented as a 2G base station, a 3G NodeB, an LTE eNB, a 5G NR gNB, or a 6G base station. The UE 160 may be implemented as mobile or fixed communication devices which are capable of accessing the wireless communication network 100. The UE 160 may include but is not limited to mobile phones, laptop computers, tablets, personal digital assistants, wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, MTC / eMTC devices, distributed remote sensor devices, roadside assistant equipment, XR devices, and desktop computers. The UE 160 may also be generally referred to as a wireless communication device, or a wireless terminal. The UE 160 may support sidelink communication to another UE via a PC5 interface.
[0030] While the description below focuses on cellular wireless communication systems as shown in FIG. 1, the underlying principles are applicable to other types of wireless communication systems for paging wireless devices. These other wireless systems may include but are not limited to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and WiMax networks.
[0031] FIG. 2 shows an example of electronic device 200 to implement a network base station (e.g., a radio access network node) , a core network (CN) , and / or an operation and maintenance (OAM) . Optionally in one implementation, the example electronic device 200 may include radio transmitting / receiving (Tx / Rx) circuitry 208 to transmit / receive communication with UEs and / or other base stations. Optionally in one implementation, the electronic device 200 may also include network interface circuitry 209 to communicate the base station with other base stations and / or a core network, e.g., optical or wireline interconnects, Ethernet, and / or other data transmission mediums / protocols. The electronic device 200 may optionally include an input / output (I / O) interface 206 to communicate with an operator or the like.
[0032] The electronic device 200 may also include system circuitry 204. System circuitry 204 may include processor (s) 221 and / or memory 222. Memory 222 may include an operating system 224, instructions 226, and parameters 228. Instructions 226 may be configured for the one or more of the processors 221 to perform the functions of the network node. The parameters 228 may include parameters to support execution of the instructions 226. For example, parameters may include network protocol settings, bandwidth parameters, radio frequency mapping assignments, and / or other parameters.
[0033] FIG. 3 shows an example of an electronic device to implement a terminal device 300 (for example, a user equipment (UE) ) . The UE 300 may be a mobile device, for example, a smart phone or a mobile communication module disposed in a vehicle. The UE 300 may include a portion or all of the following: communication interfaces 302, a system circuitry 304, an input / output interfaces (I / O) 306, a display circuitry 308, and a storage 309. The display circuitry may include a user interface 310. The system circuitry 304 may include any combination of hardware, software, firmware, or other logic / circuitry. The system circuitry 304 may be implemented, for example, with one or more systems on a chip (SoC) , application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , discrete analog and digital circuits, and other circuitry. The system circuitry 304 may be a part of the implementation of any desired functionality in the UE 300. In that regard, the system circuitry 304 may include logic that facilitates, as examples, decoding and playing music and video, e.g., MP3, MP4, MPEG, AVI, FLAC, AC3, or WAV decoding and playback; running applications; accepting user inputs; saving and retrieving application data; establishing, maintaining, and terminating cellular phone calls or data connections for, as one example, internet connectivity; establishing, maintaining, and terminating wireless network connections, Bluetooth connections, or other connections; and displaying relevant information on the user interface 310. The user interface 310 and the inputs / output (I / O) interfaces 306 may include a graphical user interface, touch sensitive display, haptic feedback or other haptic output, voice or facial recognition inputs, buttons, switches, speakers and other user interface elements. Additional examples of the I / O interfaces 306 may include microphones, video and still image cameras, temperature sensors, vibration sensors, rotation and orientation sensors, headset and microphone input / output jacks, Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors, memory card slots, radiation sensors (e.g., IR sensors) , and other types of inputs.
[0034] Referring to FIG. 3, the communication interfaces 302 may include a Radio Frequency (RF) transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) circuitry 316 which handles transmission and reception of signals through one or more antennas 314. The communication interface 302 may include one or more transceivers. The transceivers may be wireless transceivers that include modulation / demodulation circuitry, digital to analog converters (DACs) , shaping tables, analog to digital converters (ADCs) , filters, waveform shapers, filters, pre-amplifiers, power amplifiers and / or other logic for transmitting and receiving through one or more antennas, or (for some devices) through a physical (e.g., wireline) medium. The transmitted and received signals may adhere to any of a diverse array of formats, protocols, modulations (e.g., QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, or 256-QAM) , frequency channels, bit rates, and encodings. As one specific example, the communication interfaces 302 may include transceivers that support transmission and reception under the 2G, 3G, BT, WiFi, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) , High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) +, 4G / Long Term Evolution (LTE) , 5G NR, and 6G standards. The techniques described below, however, are applicable to other wireless communications technologies whether arising from the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , GSM Association, 3GPP2, IEEE, or other partnerships or standards bodies.
[0035] Referring to FIG. 3, the system circuitry 304 may include one or more processors 321 and memories 322. The memory 322 stores, for example, an operating system 324, instructions 326, and parameters 328. The processor 321 is configured to execute the instructions 326 to carry out desired functionality for the UE 300. The parameters 328 may provide and specify configuration and operating options for the instructions 326. The memory 322 may also store any BT, WiFi, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G or other data that the UE 300 will send, or has received, through the communication interfaces 302. In various implementations, a system power for the UE 300 may be supplied by a power storage device, such as a battery or a transformer.
[0036] Random Access Procedure
[0037] In wireless system, such as New Radio (NR) , there are schemes to support the initial access under Frequency Range 1 (FR1 -sub 6G Hz band) and Frequency Range 2 (FR2 -beyond 6G Hz band) . These schemes may utilize various Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) formats, various PRACH resource configurations, relationship between the Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Block (SSB) and PRACH (e.g., PRACH formats and PRACH resource configurations) , the mechanism of PRACH retransmission, and the mechanism of PRACH power control, etc.
[0038] One of the key steps during the initial access is the transmission of PRACH, which may also be referred as Msg1 (in 4 step random access procedure) , or MsgA (in 2 step random access procedure) . Specifically, when transmitting the PRACH, a preamble is included in the message. Such initial access scheme may include, for example, different PRACH formats, PRACH resource configurations, the relationship between the SSB (synchronization signal / PBCH block, where PBCH stands for physical broadcast channel) and PRACH occasion, the mechanism for PRACH retransmission, etc.
[0039] FIG. 4 shows example multi-step random access procedures 400 and 450.
[0040] In procedure 400, a UE and base station may engage in a multi-step protocol for random access, where:
[0041] Step 402: UE may send a preamble (e.g., in message 1, or Msg1, pr PRACH) to the base station. In some example implementations, UE will transmit a preamble in a physical random access channel occasion (RO) , (RO: a time-frequency domain resource configured for PRACH transmission, also known as Random Access Channel (RACH) Occasion) , according to the configuration of PRACH transmission and the SSB that the UE selects. In this step, a UE may try to receive the SSB from the base station, and determine the best or suitable SSB (e.g., the SSB with a highest Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) or with a RSRP value higher than a predefined threshold) . Then, an RO used for transmitting the Msg1 (PRACH) will be determined according to the relationship or the mapping between the SSB and RO. From the base station side, based on the RO to SSB mapping relationship, the base station may determine which SSB is selected by the UE.
[0042] Step 404: After reception of the preamble, the base station sends back a random access response (RAR) (e.g., message 2, or Msg2) to the UE. The same beam as the selected SSB in step 402 is used for transmitting Msg2, as well as subsequent DL transmission in the random access procedure (such as Msg 4, see below) .
[0043] Step 406: UE monitors the RAR Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in an RAR window, attempting to receive the RAR sent in step 404. Once the RAR is received, UE sends to the base station a third message (e.g., message 3, or Msg3) according to the UL grant indicated in the RAR containing the random access preamble index (RAP ID) of the preamble transmitted Msg1. In this disclosure, a Msg3 may also be referred to as a Msg3 PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) .
[0044] Step 408: after successfully decoding Msg3, a fourth message (e.g., message 4, or Msg4) is transmitted from the base station to the UE for performing contention resolution. This example is called a 4-step random access channel (RACH) procedure 400 (or 4-step random access procedure) .
[0045] In some implementations, the latency created through the 4-step RACH procedure 400 may be reduced by using a two-step random access protocol 450 (alternatively referred to as a 2-step RACH, or 2-step random access procedure) . The 2-step RACH 450 may combine (i) and (iii) and combine (ii) and (iv) of the 4-step RACH procedure to condense the RACH procedure into two steps. The first step is to send a first message, e.g. MsgA (452) . In some examples the first message may contain a preamble transmitted in physical random access channel (PRACH) and / or payload transmitted in physical uplink shared channel, which contains at least the same amount of information that is carried in Msg3 of 4-step RACH. A second message, e.g., MsgB in respond to MsgA is transmitted from the base station to the UE (454) . The example 2-step RACH may help reduce communication latency compared to the 4-step RACH. Such a reduction of communication latency may further help, for example reduce channel occupancy times and increase data available for payload transmission.
[0046] The 2-step and 4-step RACH described above may be contention based. In some other implementations, the base station informs the UE a preamble index to use for the random access, leading to a contention free RACH procedure.
[0047] Random Access Procedure with Multiple Beams and Beam Switching
[0048] FIG. 5 shows an example RACH procedure when multiple beams are employed. A UE will transmit a preamble in a PRACH occasion (also referred to as RACH Occasion, RO) . An RO includes a time-frequency domain resource configured for PRACH (e.g., PRACH preamble) transmission, according to the configuration of PRACH transmission and the SSB that the UE selected. During this step, a UE may first try to receive the SSB from the base station (e.g., gNB) , and determine the best or a suitable SSB based on, for example the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of the SSB. Exemplarily, the SSB with a highest RSRP or the SSB with a RSRP value higher than a predefined threshold may be selected. Then, an RO used for transmitting the PRACH will be determined the based on the selected SSB. Specifically, there is a mapping relationship between SSB and RO (s) . Basing on the relationship, the base station (e.g., gNB) can determine the SSB which is selected by the UE. The determination may be based one, for example, the detection of PRACH transmission (or detected PRACH preamble) in RO. That is, each beam may carry a PRACH preamble. Based on the detected PRACH preamble, the SSB associated with the particular beam may be determined.
[0049] In some example implementations, a UE determines a best (or optimal, or suitable) reception (RX) beam (which is associated with the best or suitable SSB) . For example, the UE can change its reception beam for SSB detection and determine a reception beam with best reception performance. As the example shown in FIG. 5, the UE determines that beam 1 is the best RX beam. There is a correspondence between best RX beam and best transmission (TX) beam which the UE may employ for subsequent transmission. That is, based on the selected best RX beam, the UE may determine a corresponding TX beam to be used to subsequence Uplink (UL) transmission. In FIG. 5, based on this correspondence, the UE may select TX beam 1, which is correspondent to RX beam 1, as the best TX beam.
[0050] Additionally, the same RX beam 1 will be used for transmitting subsequent Downlink (DL) transmissions, including Msg2 (which may also be referred to as Random access response (RAR) ) and Msg4 (which is a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carrying UE contention resolution identity) .
[0051] In some example implementations, in the RACH procedure, an RAR will be transmitted in response to receiving the PRACH (Msg1) transmission. And the UE will monitor RAR the Physically Downlink Control Chanel (PDCCH) within an RAR window, which may start at, for example, the first symbol of the earliest control resource set (CORESET) which the UE is configured to receive PDCCH for Type1-PDCCH Common Search Space (CSS) set. The RAR window may start after at least a predefined number of symbols from the last symbol of the PRACH occasion corresponding to the PRACH transmission.
[0052] However, in the RACH procedure described above with reference to FIG. 5, one assumption or precondition is that there is a correspondence between UE transmission beam and UE reception beam, and a UE may determine an optimal UL transmission beam based on the best RX beam. However, in certain scenarios or network deployments, the UE transmission beam and reception beam may not be correspondent. For example, this is very likely to happen when UE works under mm (millimeter) wave band. In this case, UE may not be able to derive the optimal / suitable TX team based on the optimal RX beam using the correspondence. To find the suitable (or optimal) TX beam, UE may need to try RACH retransmission with various TX beams after the failure of a previous RACH transmission.
[0053] FIG. 6 shows an example when the UE TX and RX beams are not correspondent. In this example, the best RX beam ID is “1” , however the best (or suitable, or optimal) TX beam ID is “2” . The first attempt of Msg1 transmission failed at base station (e.g., gNB) side, as the base station is not able to receive Msg1 sent by the UE using the unsuitable (or non-optimal) TX beam 1. When such a transmission failure occurs, the retransmission of Msg1 is required, until the first available (or first suitable, or optimal, or best) UL TX beam “2”(TX beam 2 is used as an example) is selected and used for transmitting the Msg1. As shown in FIG. 6, beam switching is performed when a previous Msg1 transmission failure occurs, until the first available (or first suitable, or optimal) TX beam is discovered. Therefore, the latency of initial access is extended due to UE TX beam switching.
[0054] In this disclosure, a beam is associated with a spatial filter, and when referring to a spatial filter, it implicitly means a beam. Therefore, a transmission spatial filter may be considered as a transmission beam.
[0055] Random Access Procedure with PRACH Repetition using Different Spatial Filters / Beams
[0056] As discussed above, if the UE transmission beam (or spatial filter) and reception beam are not correspondent, UE may need to try RACH retransmission (or Msg1 retransmission) with by switching beams after each failure of a previous RACH transmission, to find the suitable transmission beam. That is, a beam switching occurs which is triggered by a previous RACH transmission failure. Initial access time may be prolonged when the UE must wait for a Msg1 transmission failure before switching beams.
[0057] To reduce the initial access time when RX and TX beams are not correspondent (or misaligned) , an enhanced beam switching mechanism is introduced in this disclosure. In this new scheme, the UE transmits multiple Msg1 (RACH preamble) repetitions in a burst, using a different TX beam for each transmission. During the first step of the random access procedure, these repetitions occur without waiting for Msg1 transmission error. The UE completes all beam-based repetitions before expecting a response (such as Msg2 or RAR) from the base station. That is, beam switching for PRACH (e.g., Msg1) transmission happens on UE side before UE expects a response (or failure) for the PRACH transmission. This scheme may also be referred to as PRACH repetition using beam switching, or preamble repetition using beam switching. Note that the combination of these repetitions may be considered as the first step of the RACH procedure, and all these repetitions may be considered to belong to a extended Msg1.
[0058] In some example implementations, the UE is not expected to receive a response from base station before the repetition using beam switching is completed.
[0059] FIG. 7 shows an example for PRACH repetition using beam switching. In FIG. 7, a beam is labeled as “T#X” (T followed by a number) or “R#X” (R followed by a number) . For example, R1 represents RX beam 1, and T2 represents TX beam 2, etc.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 7, UE sends the PRACH repetition using 6 different beams T1 to T6 before a RAR (or Msg2) is responded by the base station. In some example implementations, the PRACH repetitions may share a same preamble index. In some example implementations, the preamble index used for different beams may be different. The base station may select a suitable (or optimal) reception from one of the repetitions, based on the measurement on reception quality of the PRACH. The reception quality may include, for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) , Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) , etc. The base station may then determine the suitable UL TX beam ID for the next UL transmission (e.g., for Msg3) , and indicate the suitable UL TX beam ID to UE (e.g., via RAR message, or Msg2) . In some example implementations, the suitable UL TX beam ID may be based on the best reception beam among all the PRACH repetitions (using UL TX beam 1 through 6) . In some example implementations, the suitable UL TX beam may be determined based on the first reception of a repetition with RSRP / SINR value exceeding a threshold. In FIG. 6, TX beam 6 (T6) is determined as the suitable (or optimal) TX beam.
[0061] The base station may then indicate the selected beam, TX beam 6, to the UE, and UE may use TX beam 6 for subsequent UL transmissions, such as Msg3 transmission.
[0062] In this disclosure, compared with existing RACH procedure, in which a single Msg1 is attempted carrying a RACH preamble, the multiple beam solution employs multiple Msg1 (multiple RACH preambles) . All the Msg1 repetitions may be consider as a combined or an extended Msg1. That is, the combined Msg1 may include multiple RACH preamble transmissions which may or may not be transmitted at a same time.
[0063] In this disclosure, all the Msg1 repetition as shown in FIG. 7 are in a same RACH attempt. The UE is only expected to receive a response (e.g., Msg2, or RAR) after the RACH attempt.
[0064] Embodiment 1: Transmission Resource for PRACH Repetition Using Different Beams
[0065] In this embodiment, various solutions for configuring / defining RACH resources are described to enable PRACH repetition with different beams. A RACH resource may include a RACH Occasion (RO) , which is a time-frequency domain resource. Each PRACH (or random access preamble) transmission will be allocated a corresponding RO. For example, referring to FIG. 7, each Msg1 repetition is allocated an RO.
[0066] In some example implementations, a UE may be configured with a RO group which include multiple ROs. This RO group may be considered as an RO resource pool, and UE may select ROs for PRACH repetition from this pool. The RO group may be configured by the base station via, for example, a system information message, or a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.
[0067] In some example implementations, the size of the RO group (i.e., number of ROs in the RO group) is the maximum number of times that a UE can send preambles using different TX beams in a same RACH attempt. For example, it may be the maximum number of TX beams that the UE is capable of sending in a single RACH attempt, or the maximum number of TX beams that the UE is allowed to send in a single RACH attempt.
[0068] In some implementations, the UE may select a part of ROs within the RO group to transmit the PRACH repetition. For example, there are N (e.g., N=8) ROs in the RO group, and a UE may choose to send the PRACH repetition using a subset (e.g., M=4) of N ROs within the RO group. In some implementations, the UE may need to select the first M ROs, or the last M ROs, of the N ROs for PRACH transmission. Note that ROs in an RO group may be indexed (e.g., first RO, second RO) explicitly or implicitly. In some examples, the UE can report the value M to the base station. In other implementations, the UE may decide which M ROs of N ROs to use for PRACH transmission. In some examples, the UE reports the selected M RO to the base station, for example, through a bitmap of N bits. Specifically, each bit in N bits corresponds to one of N ROs. For example, the first bit in N bits (the first bit from the left, or most significant bit) corresponds to the first RO of N ROs in the RO group, and the second bit in N bits (second bit on the left) corresponds to the second RO of N ROs in the RO group, and so on.
[0069] In some example implementations, a UE may be configured with multiple RO groups, and these groups may have different sizes in term of number of ROs in the group.
[0070] In some implementations, the RO group may be divided into multiple sub-groups with different sizes. For example, there may be sub-groups with 2, 4, and 8 ROs, respectively.
[0071] In some implementations, two or more maximum numbers, e.g., 2, 4, 8, of ROs are defined for an RO group. That is, RO group with different sizes. A UE may select a RO sub-group or RO group (as described above) with a certain size according to some predefined conditions. In some example implementations, a UE may select an RO group with size M (i.e., RO group having M ROs) , and M being the smallest size among different sizes of RO group and greater than or equal to N. Where, N is the number of preambles that the UE will transmit during an RACH procedure. That is, an RO group is selected based on having an optimal size correspondence with N. In some example implementations, the selection of a sub-group or RO group may be based on how many TX beams the UE will use for the PRACH (e.g., RACH preamble) transmission. For example, 3 RO groups (or 3 RO sub-groups) may be configured at UE side (e.g., via RRC or broadcast signaling) containing 2, 4, and 8 ROs, respectively. If UE can use 4 TX beams, then a sub-group or a RO group with 4 ROs may be selected.
[0072] In some example implementations, the selection of the sub-group / RO group may be based on a signal measurement result, such as RSRP or SINR measurement result. For example, two or more RSRP thresholds may be defined. Threshold#1, Threshold#2 and Threshold#3 are defined for RO group with size 2, 4 and 8, respectively. In some examples, Threshold#1<Threshold#2<Threshold#3. If the measurement result is lower than threshold#3, RO sub-group or RO group with size 2 may be selected. If the measurement result is lower than threshold#2, RO sub-group or RO group with size 4 may be selected. If the measurement result is lower than threshold#1, RO sub-group or RO group with size 8 may be selected. Alternatively, sub-group or RO group selection may be based on a measurement result range that the measurement result falls into. Table 1 below shows an exemplary selection scheme.
[0073] Table 1: Measurement Range vs. Sub-group Size / RO group size
[0074] In some implementations, a UE may select a size of RO sub-group or RO group according to at least one of: a transmission antenna configuration, a number of allowable / available transmission beams, a number of configured transmission beams, or UE capability. For example, a higher end UE with more antenna arrays may support more TX beams compared with lower end UE with fewer antenna arrays. For example, if UE can only support 2 TX beams, then an RO sub-group or RO group of size 2 will be selected.
[0075] In some implementations, each SSB may correspond to multiple preamble sets. The preamble set corresponding to a same SSB may be different for different ROs in an RO group (or RO sub-group) . For example, preamble sets 1 and 2 correspond to SSB#0. If there are two ROs in an RO group and SSB#0 is selected by the UE, then the preamble for RO1 may be selected from preamble set 1, and the preamble for RO2 may be selected from preamble set 2 that is different from preamble set 1. Further assuming preamble set 1 includes: {preamble#0~preamble#7} ; and preamble set 2 includes: {preamble#16 ~ Preamble #23} . Note that each preamble and its associated index may be pre-configured for a cell (i.e., at a cell level) , it can also be called as global preamble index in a cell. The UE may need to implement PRACH repetition by selecting a preamble with the same index in each selected preamble set (in this case, preamble set 1 and 2) .
[0076] Specifically, each preamble set may be considered as a sorted list (or set) based on the index of each preamble in the set. Within a same preamble set, each preamble may be considered to be assigned with an implicit index within the preamble set, and the starting index is 0. This type of implicit index may be referred to as a “normalize index” (compared with global preamble index) . Therefore, for preambles in preamble set 1 and preamble set 2, after index normalization, will have normalized index from 0 to 7. When selecting preamble for different ROs from different preamble sets, the UE may select a preamble from each preamble set with a same normalized index. Table 2 below shows preamble index, before and after normalization, for preamble sets 1 and 2.
[0077] Table 2: Preamble Index (before and after normalization)
[0078] As an example using Table 2 as reference, if UE select preamble with global preamble index 0 from preamble set 1 for RO1, then it will need to select preamble with global preamble index 16 from preamble set 2 for RO2, as they both have same normalized index 0. With this selection, the UE may transmit Msg1 with preamble having global index 0 in RO1 using TX beam 1, and transmit Msg1 with preamble having global index 16 in RO2 using TX beam 2. This is illustrated in Table 3 below.
[0079] Table 3: Msg1 Transmission Configuration
[0080] As another example with reference to Table 2, if UE selects preamble with global preamble index 7 from preamble set 1 for RO1, then it will need to select preamble with global preamble index 23 from preamble set 2 for RO2, as they both have same normalized index 7.
[0081] In some implementations, the preambles in a preamble set corresponding to an SSB in an RO may have discontinuous global preamble indexes. However, these discontinuous indexes may still be normalized as described above (by sorting preambles based on global preamble index) .
[0082] In some implementations, the ROs in one RO group (or sub-group) may be located at different frequency resource location, for example, different ROs have different staring Resource Blocks (RBs) in frequency domain. As an example, if the RO group or RO sub-group include RO1 and RO2, then RO1 and RO2 may start at different RBs in frequency domain.
[0083] In some implementations, a UE may transmit N preambles in N ROs of an RO group (or sub-group) , and different preambles are transmitted in different ROs within the RO group (or sub-group) . Exemplarily, the UE may determine a first preamble from a preamble set, the first preamble is used (i.e., carried) in the first (i.e., starting) RO of the in the RO group. The determination may be based on, for example, a local policy / configuration, or a policy / configuration configured by network (e.g., base station) . Once the first preamble is determined, UE may sequentially select preambles following the first preamble in the preamble set as remaining (N-1) preambles of the N preambles; or sequentially selecting preambles preceding the first preamble in the preamble set as the remaining (N-1) preambles of the N preambles. Note that the preamble set is considered to be sorted. That is, each preamble in the preamble set has its corresponding order in the set, and the corresponding order may be determined by an index (e.g., preamble index) of the each preamble. This implementation will ensure the UE to use different preambles for each RO within the group.
[0084] In some example implementations, the preamble set described above may be pre-configured by, for example, the base station via signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, or system information) .
[0085] In this embodiment, various methods are described aiming to define the transmission resource for PRACH repetition with different beams. This includes the selection of ROs to be used with different beams, and RACH preambles to be used in each RO. In each selected RO, the UE may transmit the determine preamble using a different TX beam.
[0086] Embodiment 2: Optimal Uplink Spatial filter / Beam Indication
[0087] After transmitting multiple preambles through different uplink beams, the UE will receive an optimal beam indication from the base station indicating the optimal uplink spatial filter (or beam) , so that the UE can use this optimal uplink beam as indicated to send subsequent uplink information, such as Msg3 Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) , Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for Msg4, etc. The PUCCH for Msg4 may include, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) for Msg4. The optimal uplink beam may be identified by the base station based on the detection of the preamble associated with the different beams. In this embodiment, various methods are described to notify the UE about the optimal beam information.
[0088] In some implementations, the base station implicitly or explicitly carries the optimal uplink beam information in a Random Access Response (RAR, also referred to as Msg2) message. The Msg2 message may include two portions: a control portion, which is Msg2 Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) ; and a data portion, which is carried on Msg2 Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the Msg2 PDCCH.
[0089] In some implementations, at least part of the optimal beam indication information is indicated by the Downlink Control Information (DCI) carried on Msg2 PDCCH. For example, an optimal uplink beam indicator field may be defined in DCI. The size of the optimal uplink beam indicator field P may be determined by N, the number of ROs in the corresponding RO group, that is, or where N is an integer. In other examples, the optimal uplink beam indication information may be indicated by a number of most significant bits (MSBs) of existing information field (s) in the DCI. These existing field may include, for example, Frequency domain resource assignment field, Time domain resource assignment field, or Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) field, etc.
[0090] In some implementations, if the UE sends different preambles (i.e., sequence with different random access preamble identifiers) within different ROs of a RO group, the random access preamble identifier (RAPID) field in Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) may be used to indicate which preamble sequence has the best receiving performance (i.e., TX beam for transmitting the preamble) , and then the UE may determine the optimal uplink beam based on the indication (i.e., RAPID) by the base station. Therefore, at least part of optimal uplink beam information may be indicated via RAPID. More details on the usage of RAPID will be described in below sections. Note that for the sake of simplicity, a preamble sequence may be referred to as a preamble, and the preamble sequence may include a code sequence.
[0091] In some implementations, at least part of optimal uplink beam information may be indicated via Random Access -Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) , which is used for scrambling the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) of the DCI portion of Msg2. The RA-RNTI may be calculated by the base station according to the associated RO in which the Random Access preamble is detected as following:
[0092] RA-RNTI = 1 + s_id + 14 × t_id + 14 × 80 × f_id + 14 × 80 × 8 × ul_carrier_id
[0093] where s_id is the index of the first OFDM symbol of the RO (0 ≤ s_id < 14) , t_id is the index of the first slot of the RO in a system frame (0 ≤ t_id < 80) , where the subcarrier spacing to determine t_id is based on the value of μ, which belongs to {0, 1, 2, 3} , and for μ ={5, 6} , t_id is the index of the 120 kHz slot in a system frame that contains the RO (0 ≤ t_id <80) , f_id is the index of the RO in the frequency domain (0 ≤ f_id < 8) , and ul_carrier_id is the UL carrier used for Random Access Preamble transmission (0 for normal uplink (NUL) carrier, and 1 for Supplementary Uplink (SUL) carrier) .
[0094] In some implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication information may be indicated jointly by information fields in least two of: the DCI, RA-RNTI, and RAPID.
[0095] In some example implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication may indicate the best beam to use. In some example implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication may indicate a suitable beam to use.
[0096] This embodiment presents various methods for the base station to indicate the optimal uplink beam to the UE. In particular, the information carried on the Msg2 control portion (PDCCH portion) may be used for such indication. These methods enable effective indication of the optimal uplink beam from base station to UE, which leads to improved reception performance for subsequent uplink transmissions (such as Msg3 PUSCH, and PUCCH for message 4) through the use of this optimal uplink beam.
[0097] Embodiment 3: Optimal Uplink Spatial filter / Beam Indication
[0098] After transmitting multiple preambles through different uplink beams, the UE will receive an optimal beam indication from the base station indicating the optimal uplink, so that the UE can use the optimal uplink beam as indicated to send subsequent uplink information, such as Msg3 Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) , Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for Msg4, etc. The optimal uplink beam may be identified by the base station based on the detection of the preamble associated with the different beams. In this embodiment, various methods are described to notify the UE about the optimal beam information.
[0099] In some implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication information is indicated by the content of RAR carried in the msg2 PDSCH. FIG. 8 shows an example MAC PDU structure. The MAC PDU for Random Access Response (RAR) may include one or more MAC subPDU (s) 810, and padding, etc. The MAC subPDU may include a MAC subheader 812, a MAC RAR 814, and other possible MAC structure.
[0100] The structure of a MAC subheader containing E / T / RAPID is shown in FIG. 9. The MAC subheader may occupy one octet (i.e., 8 bits) . The “E” field is an Extension field, which is a flag indicating if the MAC subPDU including this MAC subheader is the last MAC subPDU or not in the MAC PDU. The E field is set to 1 to indicate at least another MAC subPDU follows. The E field is set to 0 to indicate that the MAC subPDU including this MAC subheader is the last MAC subPDU in the MAC PDU. The “T” field is a Type field, which is a flag indicating whether the MAC subheader contains a Random Access Preamble ID or a Backoff Indicator. The T field is set to 0 to indicate the presence of a Backoff Indicator (BI) field in the subheader. The T field is set to 1 to indicate the presence of a Random Access Preamble ID field (RAPID) in the subheader. The RAPID field identifies the transmitted Random Access Preamble. The size of the RAPID field is 6 bits. If the RAPID in the MAC subheader of a MAC subPDU corresponds to one of the Random Access Preambles configured for SI request, MAC RAR is not included in the MAC subPDU.
[0101] FIG. 10 shows an example structure of a MAC RAR. This example MAC RAR occupies seven octets (i.e., 56 bits) . The fields in the MAC RAC is described below:
[0102] · R: Reserved bit, set to 0;
[0103] · TI: If two TAGs are configured for the Serving Cell in which the Random Access procedure is being performed, this field indicates one of the two TAGs to which the Timing Advance Command is applied. If tag2-flag is set to true by upper layers, the field set to 0 indicates the tag2-Id and the field set to 1 indicates the tag-Id of the Serving Cell, otherwise the field set to 0 indicates the tag-Id and the field set to 1 indicates the tag2-Id of the Serving Cell. If the Serving Cell in which the Random Access procedure is being performed is not configured with two TAGs, the R bit is present instead;
[0104] · Timing Advance Command: The Timing Advance Command field indicates the index value TA used to control the amount of timing adjustment. The size of the Timing Advance Command field is 12 bits;
[0105] · UL Grant: The Uplink Grant field indicates the resources to be used on the uplink (i.e., initial transmission of msg3 PUSCH) . The size of the UL Grant field is 27 bits;
[0106] · Temporary C-RNTI: The Temporary C-RNTI (Cell-RNTI) field indicates the temporary identity that is used by the MAC entity during Random Access. The size of the Temporary C-RNTI field is 16 bits.
[0107] In some implementations, to support optimal uplink beam indication, a new MAC subheader structure is defined which includes a new field for the optimal uplink beam information. As shown in FIG. 11, octet 2 is added to the MAC subheader, which includes an M bits field 1110 for optimal uplink beam indication field. The remaining (8-M) bits can be reserved or defined for other purposes.
[0108] In some implementations, to support optimal uplink beam indication, a new MAC RAR structure is defined. As an example shown in FIG. 12, octet 8 is added on top of the MAC RAR structure shown in FIG. 10. In octet 8, M bits are used for indicating the optimal uplink beam information. The M bits may occupy the M MSBs or M least significant bits (LSBs) of octet 8. The remaining 8-M bits may be reserved or defined for other purpose.
[0109] In some example implementations, the value M is determined according to the maximum size of RO group (or sub-group) (i.e., maximum number of ROs within an RO group) that is configured for the UE. The UE may be configured with RO groups of different sizes, and M may be determined based on the size of the largest possible RO group. For example, if different RO group sizes are defined, including, 2, 4 and 8, the maximum size (i.e., 8) will be used for determining the value of M. That is, or ( is ceiling operator) . If a UE selects RO group with a smaller size than the maximum size, and only N bits are required for indicating the optimal uplink beam information, then, (M-N) MSBs or (M-N) LSBs of the M bits will be reserved or used for other purposes. For example, a UE initiates a PRACH repetition with different beams by using an RO group of size 4. In order to indicate an UL beam out of the 4 different uplink beams, 2 bits are required, i.e., Then, 1 MSB or 1 LSB of the M bits will be reserved or defined for other purpose.
[0110] In some implementations, the value M is determined according to the minimum size of RO group (or sub-group) (i.e., minimum number of ROs in an RO group) . The UE may be configured with RO groups of different sizes, and M may be determined based on the size of the smallest possible RO group. For example, if different RO group sizes are defined, including, 2, 4 and 8, the minimum RO group size (i.e., 2) will be used for determining the value of M. That is, or If a UE selects RO group with a size larger than the minimum size, and N bits are required for indicating the optimal uplink beam information, then, additional (N-M) bits will be required for indicating the whole optimal uplink beam information. These additional required bits may be borrowed from other existing field (s) . As an example shown in FIG. 13, field “P” 1310 is borrowed from the reserved field “R” 1312. On the other hand, when the UE initiates a PRACH repetition by using a RO group (or RO subgroup) with the minimum size, then the “P field is not needed (i.e., no bits need to be borrowed from other fields) . In this example, depending on the value M, a supplemental field P 1310 may be flexibly created by borrowing bits from other fields (e.g., reserved field) .
[0111] As an example, a UE initiates a PRACH repetition with different beams by using an RO group of size 4. At this time, in order to indicate 4 different uplink beams, 2 bits are required, i.e., Then, one additional bit in “P” will be required for the indicating.
[0112] In some implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication information may be carried in the RAR UL grant field (i.e., UL grant field in the MAC RAR) . As shown in Table 4 below, the RAR UL grant includes following fields:
[0113] Table 4: RAR UL Grant Field
[0114] In some example implementations, a separate information field is defined or added in the RAR UL grant field for the optimal uplink beam information indication. The size of the optimal uplink beam information is determined according to the maximum size of RO group (e.g., 8) , that is, or When the size of the RO group used by the UE is smaller than the maximum size, the remaining MSBs or the remaining LSBs are reserved. That is, the newly defined optimal uplink beam information indication field may be part of a newly added octet to the UL grant field. At this time, the size of the UL grant field will increase. That is, the bits occupied by the UL grant in the MAC RAR will increase (for example, from 27 bits to 30 bits) , and the structure of the MAC RAR will also change accordingly. As an example shown in FIG. 14, octet 8 is added which includes M bits (e.g., 3) UL grant portion (serving for optimal uplink beam information indication, labeled as 1410) , and the remaining (8-M) bits can be reserved or defined for other purpose.
[0115] In some example implementations, bit (s) from existing information field may be borrowed or shared for indicating the optimal uplink beam indication information. The information field may include at least one of: a PUSCH frequency resource allocation field, a PUSCH time resource allocation field, an MCS field; a Channel State Information (CSI) request field; or a Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for PUSCH field. For example, if a UE selects an RO group with size equal to 2 (i.e., 2 ROs in the selected RO group) , 1 bit is required for indicating the optimal uplink information. One MSB or LSB of one of the above information field may be used for the optimal uplink beam indication. For another example, if a UE selects an RO group with size larger than 2, then 2 or more bits are required to indicate the optimal uplink beam information. These 2 or more bits may be borrowed from one or more of the above information fields. Alternatively, these 2 or more bits can come from two or more of the above information fields.
[0116] In some implementations, an existing information field, such as the PUSCH time resource allocation field, may be shared for the optimal uplink beam information indication. There are 4 bits in the PUSCH time resource allocation field, and a time resource allocation list with 8 time resource allocations is configured via a higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) . The time resource allocation list may be used for determining the time resource allocatd for the PUSCH scheduled by the RAR UL grant. In some implementations, the time resource allocation list is a subset of a default time resource allocation table that is pre-defined. If the time resource allocation list is not configured, the first 8 time resource allocations within the default time resource allocation table will be considered as the time resource allocation list for the PUSCH scheduled by the RAR UL grant. If 1 MSB is borrowed from the PUSCH time resource allocation field for indicating the optimal uplink beam information, then the 3 remaining LSBs of the PUSCH time resource allocation field will be used for indicating a time resource allocation from the time resource allocation list. If 2 MSBs are borrowed, 2 remaining LSBs of the PUSCH time resource allocation field will be used for indicating a time resource allocation from the first 4 time resource allocations within the time resource allocation list. Similarly, if 3 MBSs are borrowed, 1 remaining LSB of the PUSCH time resource allocation field will be used for indicating a time resource allocation from the first 2 time resource allocations within the time resource allocation list.
[0117] The optimal uplink beam indication via Msg2 helps to improve the Msg3 PUSCH transmission / reception performance. Additionally, Msg3 repetition (i.e., Msg3 is transmitted repetitively) may also be employed to achieve the Msg3 PUSCH transmission / reception performance. In some implementations, the optimal uplink beam indication and Msg3 repetition factor may be indicated by the base station jointly at the same time. For example, as shown in Table 5 below, the combined indication information may indicate both the optimal uplink beam and Msg3 repetition factor.
[0118] Table 5: Combined Indication for Optimal Beam and Msg3 Repetition Factor
[0119] In some implementations, Msg1 (PRACH, preamble) repetition and Msg3 repetition may not be supported at the same time. That is, when PRACH repetition with different beam is employed, Msg3 repetition is prohibited.
[0120] This embodiment presents various methods for the base station to indicate the optimal uplink beam to the UE. In particular, the information carried on the Msg2 data portion (e.g., MAC RAR) may be used for such indication. These methods enable effective indication of the optimal uplink beam from base station to UE, which leads to improved reception performance for subsequent uplink transmissions (such as Msg3 PUSCH, and PUCCH for message 4) through the use of this optimal uplink beam.
[0121] Note that embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 may be combined, such that both the control portion (e.g., DCI) and data portion (e.g., MAC RAC) may jointly carry the optimal uplink beam indication.
[0122] Embodiment 4: PRACH Repetition at Spatial Filter / Beam Level
[0123] To further enhance PRACH coverage, PRACH repetition may be employed. Turning back to FIG. 7, PRACH (e.g., Msg1, RACH preamble) may be transmitted multiple times, with each time using a different beam. That is, each beam is used once for a PRACH transmission. In this embodiment, the concept in embodiment may be further extended, such that PRACH transmission may be repeated at a beam level. That is, each selected beam, a PRACH repetition is performed. FIG. 15 shows an example with beam level repetition. In this example, 3 TX beams, namely T1, T2, and T3 are selected for Msg1 transmission. Each beam has a beam level repetition factor of 2, so the Msg1 transmission is transmitted two times for each of T1, T2, and T3. The beam level repetition factor may be configurable. Different beam level repetition factor and / or different beam combinations may be selected in other examples.
[0124] In some implementations, beam level repetition factor is defined as P, and number of TX beams used for transmitting the PRACH is defined as Q. In FIG. 15, the beam level repetition factor P is 2, and number of TX beams is 3. An RSRP threshold list with one or more RSRP thresholds is configured and may be used to determine a combination of value P and value Q. As an example shown in Table 6 below, assuming P∈ {2, 4, 8} and Q∈{2, 4, 8} , there are 9 combination of P and Q. Exemplarily, 8 RSRP thresholds (from threshold1 to threshold8, in increasing order) may be defined for determining the P and Q combination. For example, each range formed by at least one of, lower than the lowest threshold, larger than the largest threshold, and any two neighboring thresholds (e.g., (threshold8, threshold9] , “ ( “and “) ” represent open range, “ [” and “] ” represent closed range) may correspond to a combination. And there are 9 range in total. When a measurement result (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc. ) falls within a particular range, the corresponding {P, Q} combination may be determined. For example, if the measurement result > threshold8, then combination A may be selected (P=2, Q=2) . If the measurement result is in the range (threshold7, threshold8] , then combination B (or D) may be selected.
[0125] In some implementations, only a part of combinations of {P, Q} are available according to the definition or configuration by the network. Then, corresponding number of thresholds are defined for different combinations. For example, only the following three combinations are supported according to the configuration, {2, 2} , {4, 4} and {8, 8} . And two thresholds are defined as threshold1 and threshold2, in increasing order. When a measurement result < threshold1, combination {2, 2} may be selected.
[0126] Table 6: Beam Level Repetition Factor and Number of Beams Combination
[0127] In some implementations, if the RACH procedure initiated by a UE using first combination (e.g., P=2, Q=4) fails for a predefined number of times, the UE can select another combination (e.g., a second combination) to initiate subsequent RACH processes. Compared with the first combination, P for the second combination is greater than P for the first combination; Or, Q for the second combination is greater than Q for the first combination; Or, the P*Q of the second combination is greater than the P*Q of the first combination; Or, the P of the second combination is greater than the P of the first combination, and the Q of the second combination is greater than the Q of the first combination.
[0128] In some implementations, to support the beam level PRACH repetition with different beams, the concept of RO group set is defined. Specifically, an RO group consists of multiple ROs associated with a same SSB or SSB group. Multiple ROs in the RO group may be used in PRACH repetition with same beam. An RO group set may include multiple RO groups associated with the same SSB or SSB group. A UE uses multiple RO groups in the RO group set to transmit PRACH repetition with different beams. That is, the uplink beam is switched between different RO groups within a same RO group set. FIG. 16 shows an RO group set example. RO group 1 and RO group 2 are both associated with SSB #0, so they can be in a same RO group set. In this case, RO group 1 and RO group 2 are both in RO group set 1. Further assuming two TX beams (T1 and T2) are used for Msg1 transmission. The RO selection works as follows: for beam T1, an RO may be selected from RO group 1; and for beam T2, an RO may be selected from RO group 2. Note that RO group 3 is associated with a different SSB compared with RO groups 1 and 2, therefore RO group 3 can not be in the RO group set 1, and when UE switches beam during PRACH transmission, ROs in RO group 3 can not be selected.
[0129] In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 17, ROs in different RO groups belonging to a same RO group set may have a same frequency domain location. For example, RO 0 and RO 6 are in RO group 1, RO 12 and RO 18 are in RO group 2. RO group 1 and RO group 2 are in a same RO group set. All ROs in this RO group set have a same frequency domain location.
[0130] In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 18, ROs in different RO groups belonging to a same RO group set may have a same frequency domain location. For example, RO 0 and RO 6 are in RO group 1, RO 3 and RO 9 are in RO group 2. RO group 1 and RO group 2 are in a same RO group set. ROs in RO group 1 have different frequency domain location compared with ROs in RO group 2.
[0131] In some implementations, ROs in different RO groups belonging to a same RO group set can not overlap in the time domain with each other. As shown in FIG. 17, from a time domain perspective, RO 0 and RO 6 in RO group 1 do not overlap with RO 12 and RO 18 in RO group 2.
[0132] A method performed by a wireless device (e.g., UE) according to embodiments in this disclosure includes a portion or all of the following steps: step 1: transmitting, to a wireless communication node, a first message to initiate a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters, wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers.
[0133] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, at least one of following conditions is satisfied: each of the N preambles transmitted in the N ROs is different from each other; each RO in the N ROs is different from each other; each spatial filter in the N spatial filters is different from each other.
[0134] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, each spatial filter corresponds to a beam.
[0135] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the wireless communicate node may include a base station.
[0136] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the N ROs are selected from an RO group, the RO group is pre-configured; and a size of the RO group is M, M being an integer greater than or equal to N.
[0137] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the N ROs are selected from first N ROs in the RO group.
[0138] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the RO group is pre-configured into at least one sub-group, the N ROs are in a target sub-group in the at least one sub-group, and wherein the target sub-group is selected based on N.
[0139] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, N is determined based on a measurement result of a Reference Signal (RS) .
[0140] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, there are one or more measurement result ranges, and wherein N is determined based on a first range in the one or more measurement result ranges, wherein the measurement result of the RS falls into the first range.
[0141] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the one or more measurement result ranges are formed by one or more measurement threshold.
[0142] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, at least two ROs in the N ROs are located at different frequency resources.
[0143] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, each of the N preambles is different from others.
[0144] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the method may further include: receiving, from the wireless communication node, a second message as a response to the first message, the second message comprising at least one of: a control portion; or a data portion indicated by the control portion, the second message carrying an optimal spatial filter indicator indicating an optimal spatial filter that is selected from the N different spatial filters and is to be used by the wireless device in subsequent uplink transmissions.
[0145] A method performed by a wireless communication node (e.g., base station) according to embodiments in this disclosure includes a portion or all of the following steps: step 1: receiving, from a wireless device, a first message to initiate a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters, wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers.
[0146] In any portion or combination of the implementations above, the N ROs are selected from an RO group, the RO group is pre-configured; and a size of the RO group is M, M being an integer greater than or equal to N.
[0147] In this disclosure, various embodiments may be combined, to form a combined embodiment. For example, embodiment 1 may be combined with embodiment 2, and / or embodiment 3, and / or embodiment 4, such that embodiment 1 is used for transmitting PRACH preambles (Msg1) , embodiments 2 and 3 are used for receiving optimal (or best, or suitable) TX beam (or spatial filter) indication from the base station, and embodiment 4 represents an extension to the technical solution such that PRACH transmission is repeated at a beam level for multiple beams.
[0148] The description and accompanying drawings above provide specific example embodiments and implementations. The described subject matter may, however, be embodied in a variety of different forms and, therefore, covered or claimed subject matter is intended to be construed as not being limited to any example embodiments set forth herein. A reasonably broad scope for claimed or covered subject matter is intended. Among other things, for example, subject matter may be embodied as methods, devices, components, systems, or non-transitory computer-readable media for storing computer codes. Accordingly, embodiments may, for example, take the form of hardware, software, firmware, storage media or any combination thereof. For example, the method embodiments described above may be implemented by components, devices, or systems including memory and processors by executing computer codes stored in the memory.
[0149] Throughout the specification and claims, terms may have nuanced meanings suggested or implied in context beyond an explicitly stated meaning. Likewise, the phrase “in one embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment and the phrase “in another embodiment / implementation” as used herein does not necessarily refer to a different embodiment. It is intended, for example, that claimed subject matter includes combinations of example embodiments in whole or in part.
[0150] In general, terminology may be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as “and” , “or” , or “and / or, ” as used herein may include a variety of meanings that may depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Typically, “or” if used to associate a list, such as A, B or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C, here used in the inclusive sense, as well as A, B or C, here used in the exclusive sense. In addition, the term “one or more” as used herein, depending at least in part upon context, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense or may be used to describe combinations of features, structures or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms, such as “a, ” “an, ” or “the, ” may be understood to convey a singular usage or to convey a plural usage, depending at least in part upon context. In addition, the term “based on” may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors and may, instead, allow for the existence of additional factors not necessarily expressly described, again, depending at least in part on context.
[0151] Reference throughout this specification to features, advantages, or similar language does not imply that all of the features and advantages that may be realized with the present solution should be or are included in any single implementation thereof. Rather, language referring to the features and advantages is understood to mean that a specific feature, advantage, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present solution. Thus, discussions of the features and advantages, and similar language, throughout the specification may, but do not necessarily, refer to the same embodiment.
[0152] Furthermore, the described features, advantages and characteristics of the present solution may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. One of ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize, in light of the description herein, that the present solution may be practiced without one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments of the present solution.
Claims
1.A method for wireless communication, performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:transmitting, to a wireless communication node, a first message to initiate a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters, wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers.2.The method of claim 1, wherein:the N ROs are selected from an RO group, the RO group is pre-configured; anda size of the RO group is M, M being an integer greater than or equal to N.3.The method of claim 1, wherein the N ROs are selected from a target RO group among one or more RO groups of different sizes, and wherein the target RO group having an optimal size determined by N.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the N ROs are selected from first N ROs in the RO group.5.The method of claim 2, wherein the RO group is pre-configured into at least one sub-group, the N ROs are in a target sub-group in the at least one sub-group, and wherein the target sub-group is selected based on N.6.The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein N is determined based on a measurement result of a Reference Signal (RS) .7.The method of claim 6, wherein there are one or more measurement result ranges, and wherein N is determined based on a first range in the one or more measurement result ranges, wherein the measurement result of the RS falls into the first range.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the one or more measurement result ranges are formed by one or more measurement threshold.9.The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein N is determined based on at least one of:a transmission antenna configuration of the wireless device;a number of transmission spatial filters supported by the wireless device; ora UE capability of the wireless device.10.The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein for the each i from 0 to (N-1) :an i-th RO is associated with a corresponding i-th preamble set comprising at least one preamble; andthe i-th preamble is a j-th preamble in the corresponding i-th preamble set, j being an integer.11.The method of claim 10, where the corresponding i-th preamble set is preconfigured.12.The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein at least two ROs in the N ROs are located at different frequency resources.13.The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein each of the N preambles is different from others.14.The method of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising:determining, from a preamble set, a first preamble of the N preambles to be transmitted in a first RO of the N ROs, wherein the preamble set is sorted; andsequentially selecting preambles following the first preamble in the preamble set as remaining (N-1) preambles of the N preambles; or sequentially selecting preambles preceding the first preamble in the preamble set as the remaining (N-1) preambles of the N preambles.15.The method of claim 14, wherein determining the first preamble comprises:determining the first preamble based on a local policy; ordetermining the first preamble based on a pre-configuration via the wireless communication node.16.The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from the wireless communication node, a second message as a response to the first message, the second message comprising at least one of: a control portion; or a data portion indicated by the control portion, the second message carrying an optimal spatial filter indicator indicating an optimal spatial filter that is selected from the N different spatial filters and is to be used by the wireless device in subsequent uplink transmissions.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the second message comprises a Msg2 in the random access procedure, and the control portion comprises a Downlink Control Information (DCI) .18.The method of claim 16, wherein the subsequent uplink transmissions comprising at least one of: a transmission of Msg3 Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the random access procedure; or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) associated with Msg4 in the random access procedure.19.The method of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the optimal spatial filter indicator is carried in an optimal spatial filter indicator field of the control portion, and a size of the optimal spatial filter field is determined based on N.20.The method of any one of claims 16-18, wherein at least partial of the optimal spatial filter indicator is indicated via at least one of:a field in the control portion with other type of information, the other type of information comprising at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment; a time domain resource assignment; or a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) ;a Random Access -Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) , which is used for scrambling a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) of the control portion; ora Random Access Preamble Identifier (RAPID) in the data portion.21.The method of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the data portion comprising a Media Access Control (MAC) Packet Data Unit (PDU) , the MAC PDU comprising a MAC subPDU, the MAC subPDU comprising a MAC subPDU header and a MAC Random Access Response (RAR) .22.The method of claim 21, wherein at least a portion of the optimal spatial filter indicator is carried in a target information field within one of following:the MAC subPDU header;the MAC RAR;an Uplink (UL) grant field in the MAC RAR;a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) frequency resource allocation field;a PUSCH time resource allocation field;an MCS field;a Channel State Information (CSI) request field; ora Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for PUSCH field.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the target field comprises at least one of:a dedicated field for indicating the optimal spatial filter; ora field share with information other than the optimal spatial filter.24.The method of claim 22, wherein the target information field is an 8 bits octet.25.The method of claim 22, wherein L Least Significant Bits (LSBs) or L Most Significant Bits (MSBs) in the field are allocated to be used for carrying the optimal spatial filter indicator, L being an integer.26.The method of claim 24, wherein L is determined based on a size of a largest RO group among any possible RO groups that could be configured to the wireless device.27.The method of claim 24, wherein L is determined based on a size of a smallest RO group among any possible RO groups that could be configured to the wireless device.28.The method of claim 27, wherein, when L bits are insufficient to indicate one of N possible spatial filters, supplemental bits are allocated in the target field along with the L bits to indicate the optimal spatial filter.29.The method of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the second message further comprising a Msg3 repetition factor indicating a number of repetitions for Msg3 transmission.30.The method of claim 1, wherein, when N is greater than 1, Msg3 repetition is not allowed or supported.31.The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein in the first message, for the each i from 0 to (N-1) , the i-th preamble is transmitted repetitively using a respective RO, such that a total number of transmissions of the i-th preamble is R, R being an integer greater than 1.32.The method of claim 31, wherein a combination of N and R is determined on a measurement result of a RS.33.The method of claim 32, wherein there are one or more measurement result ranges, and wherein the combination of N and R is determined based on a first range in the one or more measurement result ranges, wherein the measurement result of the RS falls into the first range.34.The method of claim 31, wherein:for the each i from 0 to (N-1) , ROs associated with the i-th spatial filter are selected from an i-th RO group, all the ROs in the i-th RO group are associate with a same Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Block (SSB) .35.The method of claim 34, wherein, all ROs in RO groups from 0-th RO group to (N-1) -th RO group are associate with the same SSB.36.The method of claim 34, wherein, for any two RO groups from 0-th RO group (N-1) -th RO group, namely a first RO group and a second RO group, a first frequency domain resource location for ROs in the first RO group is different from a second frequency domain resource location for ROs in the second RO group.37.A method for wireless communication, performed by a wireless communication node, the method comprising:receiving, from a wireless device, a first message for initiating a random access procedure, the first message comprising N preambles which are transmitted in N random access channel occasions (ROs) using N different spatial filters, wherein for each i from 0 to (N-1) , an i-th preamble is transmitted in an i-th RO using an i-th spatial filter, and wherein N and i are integers.38.The method of claim 37, wherein:the N ROs are selected from an RO group, the RO group is pre-configured to the wireless device; anda size of the RO group is M, M being an integer greater than or equal to N.39.The method of claim 37, wherein the N ROs are selected from a target RO group among one or more RO groups of different sizes, and wherein the target RO group having an optimal size determined by N.40.The method of claim 38, wherein the N ROs are selected from first N ROs in the RO group.41.The method of claim 38, wherein the RO group is pre-configured into at least one sub-group, the N ROs are in a target sub-group in the at least one sub-group, and wherein the target sub-group is selected based on N.42.The method of any one of claims 37-41, wherein for the each i from 0 to (N-1) :an i-th RO is associated with a corresponding i-th preamble set comprising at least one preamble; andthe i-th preamble is a j-th preamble in the corresponding i-th preamble set, j being an integer.43.The method of claim 42, where the corresponding i-th preamble set is preconfigured.44.The method of any one of claims 37-41, wherein at least one of following conditions is satisfied:at least two ROs in the N ROs are located at different frequency resources; oreach of the N preambles is different from others.45.The method of claim 37, further comprising:transmitting, to the wireless device, a second message as a response to the first message, the second message comprising at least one of: a control portion; or a data portion indicated by the control portion, the second message carrying an optimal spatial filter indicator indicating an optimal spatial filter that is selected from the N different spatial filters and is to be used by the wireless device in subsequent uplink transmissions.46.The method of claim 45, wherein the second message comprises a Msg2 in the random access procedure, and the control portion comprises a Downlink Control Information (DCI) .47.The method of claim 45, wherein the subsequent uplink transmissions comprising at least one of: a transmission of Msg3 Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the random access procedure; or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) associated with Msg4 in the random access procedure.48.The method of any one of claims 45-47, wherein the optimal spatial filter indicator is carried in an optimal spatial filter indicator field of the control portion, and a size of the optimal spatial filter field is determined based on N.49.The method of any one of claims 45-47, wherein at least partial of the optimal spatial filter indicator is indicated via at least one of:a field in the control portion with other type of information, the other type of information comprising at least one of: a frequency domain resource assignment; a time domain resource assignment; or a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) ;a Random Access -Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI) , which is used for scrambling a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) of the control portion; ora Random Access Preamble Identifier (RAPID) in the data portion.50.The method of any one of claims 45-47, wherein the data portion comprising a Media Access Control (MAC) Packet Data Unit (PDU) , the MAC PDU comprising a MAC subPDU, the MAC subPDU comprising a MAC subPDU header and a MAC Random Access Response (RAR) .51.The method of claim 50, wherein at least a portion of the optimal spatial filter indicator is carried in a target information field within one of following:the MAC subPDU header;the MAC RAR;an Uplink (UL) grant field in the MAC RAR;a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) frequency resource allocation field;a PUSCH time resource allocation field;an MCS field;a Channel State Information (CSI) request field; ora Transmit Power Control (TPC) command for PUSCH field.52.The method of claim 51, wherein the target field comprises at least one of:a dedicated field for indicating the optimal spatial filter; ora field share with information other than the optimal spatial filter.53.The method of claim 51, wherein the target information field is an 8 bits octet.54.The method of claim 51, wherein L Least Significant Bits (LSBs) or L Most Significant Bits (MSBs) in the field are allocated to be used for carrying the optimal spatial filter indicator, L being an integer.55.The method of claim 53, wherein L is determined based on a size of a largest RO group among any possible RO groups that could be configured to the wireless device.56.The method of claim 53, wherein L is determined based on a size of a smallest RO group among any possible RO groups that could be configured to the wireless device.57.The method of claim 56, wherein, when L bits are insufficient to indicate one of N possible spatial filters, supplemental bits are allocated in the target field along with the L bits to indicate the optimal spatial filter.58.The method of any one of claims 45-47, wherein the second message further comprising a Msg3 repetition factor indicating a number of repetitions for Msg3 transmission.59.The method of claim 37, wherein, when N is greater than 1, Msg3 repetition is not allowed or supported.60.The method of any one of claims 37-41, wherein in the first message, for the each i from 0 to (N-1) , the i-th preamble is transmitted repetitively using a respective RO, such that a total number of transmissions of the i-th preamble is R, R being an integer greater than 1.61.The method of claim 60, wherein:for the each i from 0 to (N-1) , ROs associated with the i-th spatial filter are selected from an i-th RO group, all the ROs in the i-th RO group are associate with a same Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Block (SSB) .62.The method of claim 61, wherein, all ROs in RO groups from 0-th RO group to (N-1) -th RO group are associate with the same SSB.63.The method of claim 61, wherein, for any two RO groups from 0-th RO group (N-1) -th RO group, namely a first RO group and a second RO group, a first frequency domain resource location for ROs in the first RO group is different from a second frequency domain resource location for ROs in the second RO group.64.A device for wireless communication comprising a memory for storing computer instructions and a processor in communication with the memory, wherein, when the processor executes the computer instructions, the processor is configured to implement a method in any one of claims 1-63.65.A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable program medium with computer code stored thereupon, the computer code, when executed by one or more processors, causing the one or more processors to implement a method of any one of claims 1-63.
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