Communication methods, communication device, communication system, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to communication methods, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium. A communication method comprises: transmitting a first signal to a second device, wherein the first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between a plurality of frequency points, the first signal is transmitted within a first time period, and the first time period corresponds to one of the plurality of frequency points. By means of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the success rate of signal transmission can be improved.

Description

Communication methods, equipment, communication systems and storage media Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods, devices, communication systems and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) technology has emerged. In A-IoT, A-IoT devices can send information to network devices by reflecting the continuous wave (CW) emitted by the node. Summary of the Invention

[0003] How to improve the success rate of signal transmission by IoT devices is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0004] This disclosure provides communication methods, devices, communication systems, and storage media.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, executed by a first device, the method comprising: sending a first signal to a second device, the first signal being carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switching between multiple frequency points, the first signal being sent within a first time period, the first time period corresponding to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is provided, executed by a second device, the method comprising: receiving a first signal sent by a first device, the first signal being carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switching between multiple frequency points, the first signal being sent within a first time period, the first time period corresponding to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided for performing the communication method of any of the above aspects.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions, characterized in that, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0010] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a program product is provided, including at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, the communication method of the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.

[0011] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the first device sends a first signal to the second device within a first time period. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, and the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points. This can avoid the problem of transmission failure or increased reception complexity caused by the signal being on multiple frequency points, thereby improving the success rate of signal transmission and the efficiency of signal reception. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of another deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of a CW waveform according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present disclosure in which there is no time interval between two hops.

[0018] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating a time interval between two hops according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 2C is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3A is a schematic flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 3B is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4A is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4B is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 4C is a schematic flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This disclosure provides communication methods, devices, communication systems, and storage media.

[0033] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising: sending a first signal to a second device, the first signal being carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switching between multiple frequency points, the first signal being sent within a first time period, the first time period corresponding to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the first device sends a first signal to the second device during a first time period. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, and the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points. This can avoid the problem of transmission failure or increased reception complexity caused by the signal being on multiple frequency points, thereby improving the success rate of signal transmission and the efficiency of signal reception.

[0035] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time period is determined based on the time interval.

[0036] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside the time interval.

[0037] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving first information sent by the second device, the first information being determined by the second device; the first information including at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; the period of the time interval.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, receiving the first information sent by the second device includes: receiving a second signal sent by the second device, wherein the first information is carried on the second signal.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: determining second information; the second information includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; and the period of the time interval.

[0040] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, the first duration being the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0042] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration being the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0044] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

[0045] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple hops, and there is no time interval between two adjacent hops; the duration of the continuous electromagnetic wave transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, the third duration is determined by the second device, the third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0046] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second duration is determined by one of the following methods: determined by the second device based on communication resources allocated to the first device; determined by indication information sent by the first device to the second device, the indication information including at least one of the following: the second duration; the size of the transport block.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0050] Secondly, this disclosure provides a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising: receiving a first signal sent by a first device, the first signal being carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switching between multiple frequency points, the first signal being sent within a first time period, the first time period corresponding to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time period is determined based on the time interval.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside the time interval.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: determining first information; sending the first information to the first device; the first information includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; and the period of the time interval.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is carried on a second signal.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: sending the second signal to the first device.

[0056] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0057] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, the first duration being the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0058] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration being the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0059] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0060] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

[0061] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple hops, and there is no time interval between two adjacent hops; the duration of the continuous electromagnetic wave transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, the third duration is determined by the second device, the third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0063] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0064] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: determining the second duration based on communication resources allocated to the first device; or, determining the second duration based on indication information sent by the first device to the second device, the indication information including at least one of the following: the second duration; the size of the transport block.

[0065] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0066] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device for performing the communication method of the first or second aspect.

[0067] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication system including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0068] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, when the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0069] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product comprising at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, the communication device performs the communication method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0070] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0071] It is understood that the aforementioned devices, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to perform the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] This disclosure provides communication methods, devices, communication systems, and storage media. In some embodiments, the terms "communication method" and "information sending method," "information receiving method," etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0073] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0074] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0075] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0076] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0077] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0078] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0079] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0080] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0081] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0082] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0083] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0084] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0085] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0086] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0087] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)," "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0088] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0089] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0090] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0091] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0092] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0093] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0094] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0095] As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes a first device 101 and a second device 102.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may be an A-IoT device or a 6G IoT device, but is not limited thereto. An A-IoT device may also be referred to as an A-IoT device, an A-IoT terminal, an A-IoT tag, etc.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second device 102 may be a network device or a terminal. The second device 102 may serve as a base station, an intermediate node, or a node other than an intermediate node in the Internet of Things.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second device 102 can control the CW node to send CW, and the first device 101 can reflect the CW to form a reflected wave and send the reflected wave to the second device 102.

[0099] In some embodiments, the terminal may be, for example, a user equipment (UE), including, but not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0100] In some embodiments, a network device can be a functional network element within a core network device. The core network device can be a single device, including a first network element, a second network element, etc., or it can be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including all or part of the first network element, the second network element, etc. Network elements can be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), and a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0101] In some embodiments, the network device may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0102] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0103] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0104] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0105] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), or a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0106] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0107] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0108] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0109] In the A-IoT Internet of Things, the number of A-IoT terminals (such as A-IoT UE, A-IoT device, and A-IoT tag) that can be accessed in the network is large, and they have simple structure, low hardware and maintenance costs, low power consumption, and can usually not need to replace batteries for a long time.

[0110] IoT technology can be applied to scenarios involving large-scale inventory management, such as A-IoT devices reporting Electronic Product Codes (EPCs) to the network / intermediate node X / UE. It can also be applied to sensing scenarios such as smart homes and environmental monitoring, where A-IoT devices report data when certain trigger conditions are met. IoT technology can also be used in location-based scenarios, such as locating items or pinpointing locations within a shopping mall. Furthermore, IoT technology can be used in command-based scenarios, such as responding to commands sent by network devices.

[0111] In some embodiments, the A-IoT device has a peak power of 1 μW, energy storage capability, an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm, and neither downlink (DL) nor uplink (UL) amplification is present in the device. The device's UL transmission is backscattered on an externally provided carrier.

[0112] In some embodiments, the peak power of the A-IoT device is less than or equal to several hundred μW, has energy storage capabilities, and an SFO of up to 10Xppm, allowing for DL ​​and / or UL amplification within the device. The UL transmission of the device can be generated internally or backscattered on an externally provided carrier.

[0113] In some embodiments, A-IoT devices can be categorized into the following types:

[0114] Device 1: Peak power consumption is 1μW. It can store energy but cannot independently generate / amplify signals. It uses a backscatter working mode and does not have the ability to amplify DL and / or UL signals.

[0115] Device 2a: Peak power consumption is several hundred μW, it has energy storage capability, it cannot generate signals independently, and it uses a backscattering operating mode; the stored energy can be used for DL ​​and / or UL signal amplification.

[0116] Device 2b: Peak power consumption is several hundred μW, it has energy storage capabilities, and it can generate signals independently, such as a radio frequency (RF) module that actively transmits signals.

[0117] Device 2c: It has the ability to both actively transmit information and backscatter.

[0118] Device 1 and Device 2a can only use the backscattering mode and cannot actively send signals. When they need to send information, they must be provided with continuous electromagnetic waves (CW) from the outside for backscattering.

[0119] For devices using backscattering, a CW (Center for Wave Wiring) power source (CW node) is needed to provide electromagnetic waves for reflection while transmitting data. The CW is generally of constant amplitude. A CW node can be a standalone node or a network / intermediate node (e.g., UE) communicating with A-IoT devices. The A-IoT terminal reflects the received CW, loading the signaling / data to be transmitted onto the reflected wave and sending it out. The reflected wave and the CW are on the same frequency or have a certain frequency offset. Simultaneously, the CW also serves to power the A-IoT terminal. For example, when the A-IoT terminal receives the wireless signal CW, it activates its internal receiving and processing module to encode and modulate the signaling / data that the A-IoT terminal needs to upload.

[0120] In some embodiments, A-IoT network devices include networks, terminals, intermediate nodes, auxiliary nodes, etc. Intermediate nodes can be relays, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, terminals, or repeaters.

[0121] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of one deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of another deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] In some embodiments, A-IoT devices can support two deployment structures: Topology 1 as shown in Figure 1B and Topology 2 as shown in Figure 1C.

[0123] In Topology 1, A-IoT devices and networks (e.g., base stations, BS) directly receive and transmit DL and UL data.

[0124] In Topology 2, A-IoT devices and networks (e.g., BS) indirectly receive and transmit DL and UL data through intermediate nodes; the intermediate nodes are used for data forwarding, and data transmission between the intermediate nodes and the BS is carried out through the Uu interface.

[0125] In some embodiments of a passive Internet of Things (IoT) system, the data sent by the terminal may be of the following types:

[0126] Type 1: Based on network demand report data, such as inventory count;

[0127] Type 2: Based on environmental IoT triggering, such as when the temperature of a sensor exceeds a configured threshold;

[0128] Type 3: Periodic Data Reporting: Periodic requests from the network to achieve periodic environmental IoT data reporting; or self-triggered by the environmental IoT to achieve periodic environmental IoT data reporting (difficult to achieve due to discontinuous power supply and timing difficulties).

[0129] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of a CW waveform according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0130] As shown in Figure 1D, the CW node transmits CW, and the waveform of the CW can be a single tone with frequency hopping. Taking two frequency points as an example, the CW node can transmit a single tone at frequency point f1 in time period T1, which can also be called hop 1; and transmit a single tone at frequency point f2 in time period T2, which can also be called hop 2. Here, single tone refers to an unmodulated sine wave at one frequency point.

[0131] The single-tone waveform with frequency hopping has better resistance to channel fading than the single-tone waveform, and it is possible that this waveform will be supported in future 6G IoT.

[0132] When the CW waveform uses a single tone with frequency hopping, the uplink signals sent by A-IoT devices (such as device-to-reader (D2R) signals) are carried on the CW waveform, and the D2R signals will also have this waveform.

[0133] For frequency hopping, taking two frequency points as an example, that is, taking two hops as an example, due to the sampling frequency offset (SFO) of the A-IoT device, the time when the device sends the transport block (TB) and the time when the CW node sends the CW cannot be accurately aligned, which will lead to the following situation.

[0134] Figure 1E is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present disclosure in which there is no time interval between two hops.

[0135] As shown in Figure 1E, due to the aforementioned time misalignment, a portion of the TB corresponding to the D2R signal sent by the A-IoT device is transmitted on frequency resource f1 (i.e., hop 1), while the remaining portion is transmitted on frequency resource f2 (i.e., hop 2). This necessitates the reader processing the TBs received from both hops together, increasing the complexity of reception.

[0136] Figure 1F is a schematic diagram illustrating a time interval between two hops according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0137] As shown in Figure 1F, the TB corresponding to the D2R signal sent by the A-IoT device, due to the aforementioned time misalignment, has a portion of the TB transmitted on frequency resource f1 (i.e., hop1), while the remaining portion of the TB cannot be transmitted. However, there is no CW available at this time, which causes the TB transmission to fail.

[0138] Therefore, in scenarios that support waveforms with single tone and hopping, a solution is needed to address the aforementioned issues.

[0139] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a communication method in which a first device sends a first signal to a second device during a first time period. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, and the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points. This method can avoid the problem of transmission failure or increased reception complexity caused by the signal being on multiple frequency points, and can improve the success rate of signal transmission and the efficiency of signal reception.

[0140] Figure 2A is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0141] In step S2101, the second device 102 determines the first information.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may be an A-IoT device or a 6G IoT device, but is not limited thereto. An A-IoT device may also be referred to as an A-IoT device, an A-IoT terminal, an A-IoT tag, etc.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second device 102 may be a network device or a terminal. The second device 102 may serve as a base station, an intermediate node, or other node in the Internet of Things.

[0144] In the following example illustration, the first device 101 is an A-IoT device and the second device 102 is a network device, but this disclosure does not limit it.

[0145] In some embodiments, the second device 102 can control CW nodes to send CWs, where a CW node is a node capable of sending CWs. The first device 101 may not have the ability to actively send signals; the first device 101 can receive CWs, reflect the received CWs, load the information to be transmitted onto the reflected wave, and send it out. The second device 102 can receive the reflected wave sent by the first device 101.

[0146] In some embodiments, the CW emitted by the CW node switches between multiple frequency points. The waveform of the CW can be, for example, a single tone with frequency hopping. Taking two hops as an example, the waveform of the CW can be as shown in Figure 1D.

[0147] In some embodiments, CW includes multiple hops, where there is a time interval between adjacent hops, or there is no time interval between adjacent hops. It can also be described as having a time interval between adjacent frequency points, or having no time interval between adjacent frequency points.

[0148] In some embodiments, when there is a time interval between two adjacent hops, the second device 102 can determine first information and send it to the first device 101. The first information is used to determine the time interval.

[0149] In some embodiments, the second device 102 determines the first information, that is, the first information is determined by the second device 102. After determining the first information, the second device 102 sends the first information to the first device 101.

[0150] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0151] The starting position of the time interval;

[0152] The length of the time interval;

[0153] The period of the time interval.

[0154] In some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0155] In some embodiments, the time intervals in the CW occur periodically, and the starting position of the time interval refers to the starting position of the first time interval in the CW. This starting position is the offset of the first time interval of the CW relative to the start time of the CW transmission. This offset can be called the first offset value offset1.

[0156] In some embodiments, the second device 102 controls the CW node to send CWs, therefore the second device 102 knows the start time of the CW transmission. The second device 102 can send the start time of the CW transmission and a first offset value to the first device 101, and the first device determines the start position of the time interval based on the start time of the CW transmission and the first offset value. Alternatively, the second device 102 determines the start position of the time interval based on the start time of the CW transmission and the first offset value, and sends the start position of the time interval to the first device 101.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first offset value can be absolute time, or it can be indicated in units of chips, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, or slots.

[0158] In some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following:

[0159] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the second offset value, which is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0160] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the first duration, which is the duration required for a handover between two adjacent hops;

[0161] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0162] In one example, the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, which is determined based on the sampling frequency offset (SFO) of the first device. The second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device, which is the duration required for the first device to transmit the first signal.

[0163] In this example, because the second device allocates resources for the first device to send the first signal, the second device knows the second duration required for the first device to send the first signal. The first device can report its SFO value to the second device, and the second device obtains a second offset value based on the product of the second duration and the SFO value. When determining the length of the time interval, the second device determines the length of the time interval to be greater than or equal to the second offset value to avoid problems caused by the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0164] In another example, the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the first duration, which is the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops, i.e., the time it takes for the CW node to switch hops when it sends CW.

[0165] In this example, the second device knows the first duration required for switching between two adjacent hops in the CW sent by the CW node. When determining the length of the time interval, the second device determines that the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the first duration to ensure that the first device does not send signals within the time interval.

[0166] In yet another example, the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0167] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, and the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, wherein the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0168] In some embodiments, the period value of the time interval is the duration of CW transmission at each frequency point (i.e., each hop), and the second device can determine the second offset value based on the SFO value of the first device and the second duration, and determine the period of the time interval based on the second duration and the second offset value.

[0169] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and a second offset value of K times, where K is an integer.

[0170] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value. That is, the period of the time interval = second duration + second offset value × K.

[0171] For example, if the first device transmits a first signal (e.g., D2R) requiring a 1000-bit TB, and the first signal uses 1 / 2 Manchester encoding, then the first device needs 2000 chips. If the sub-carrier spacing (SCS) is 15kHz, using On-Off Keying (OOK) 4 modulation, and one OFDM contains 4 chips, then the duration of 2000 chips is 500 OFDMs. Therefore, the time required for the first device to transmit the first signal is T1 = 66.7µs × 500 ≈ 33.33ms. For example, if the device's SFO is 10... 5 The time offset value offset2 caused by SFO when sending this TB (parts per million) is = T1 × SFO = 33.33ms × 10 -1 ≈3.33ms. In order to ensure that there is a time margin before and after TB to reduce the impact of SFO, K=2 can be taken. Then the periodic value of the time interval T=33.33ms+3.33×2=39.99ms.

[0172] In some embodiments, the second duration is determined by one of the following methods: by the second device based on communication resources allocated to the first device; or by indication information sent by the first device to the second device, the indication information including at least one of the following: the second duration; or the size of the transport block.

[0173] In one example, the second device allocates resources to send a first signal to the first device, and the second device can determine a second duration based on the communication resources allocated by the first device.

[0174] In some embodiments, communication resources are resources allocated by the second device to the first device for transmitting a first signal (e.g., a D2R signal), and the communication resources may include at least one of the starting position for transmitting the first signal and the duration for transmitting the first signal.

[0175] For example, the second device allocates communication resources for the first device to send D2R signals, and the second device knows the starting position and duration of this D2R transmission.

[0176] In another example, the first device sends indication information to the second device, indicating a second duration and / or the transport block size (TB size). The second device determines the second duration indicated by the indication information as the second duration; or, the second device determines the second duration based on the transport block size indicated by the indication information.

[0177] In some embodiments, receiving first information sent by a second device includes: receiving a second signal sent by the second device, wherein the first information is carried on the second signal.

[0178] In some embodiments, the second device may send a second signal to the first device, and the first device may receive the second signal sent by the second device, wherein the second signal carries first information.

[0179] In some embodiments, the second signal may be a reader-to-device (R2D) signal carried in the physical reader-to-device channel (PRDCH).

[0180] In some embodiments, the second signal may be one of the following commands: query command; repeat query command; read command; write command; paging message; inventory command.

[0181] In step S2102, the second device 102 sends the first information to the first device 101.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first device 101 receives first information sent by the second device 102.

[0183] In some embodiments, after determining the first information, the second device 102 sends the first information to the first device 101, and the first information is used by the first device 101 to determine the time interval.

[0184] In step S2103, the first device 101 sends a first signal to the second device 102.

[0185] In some embodiments, the second device 102 receives a first signal sent by the first device 101.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of which switches between multiple frequency points, and the first signal is transmitted within a first time period, which corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0187] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and a first time interval is determined based on the time interval.

[0188] In some embodiments, the first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside of the time interval.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first device 101 does not transmit the first signal within the time interval of CW. During the first time period corresponding to the transmission of the first signal by the first device 101, the waveform of CW is maintained at a frequency point (e.g., f1), thereby ensuring that the transmission of the first signal is always at a frequency point, avoiding the problem of transmission failure caused by some TB being located within the time interval as shown in FIG1F.

[0190] In some embodiments, the first signal may be a device-to-reader (D2R) signal, which is carried in the physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH).

[0191] In some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0192] In some embodiments, the first signal may include one TB or multiple TBs. When the first signal includes multiple TBs, the TBs may be transmitted continuously, or there may be a time interval between the TBs. It is understood that the time interval between TBs is different from the time interval between hops described above.

[0193] The communication method provided in this embodiment involves a first device sending a first signal to a second device within a first time period. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, and the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points, which can avoid the problem of transmission failure caused by the signal being on multiple frequency points and improve the success rate of signal transmission.

[0194] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2103. For example, step S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and steps S2102+S2103 may be implemented as standalone embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0195] In some embodiments, step S2101 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0196] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0197] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2A.

[0198] Figure 2B is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2B, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0199] In step S2201, the first device 101 determines the second information.

[0200] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may determine second information, which is used to determine a time interval.

[0201] In some embodiments, the second information may include the same content as the first information described above. The difference between the second information and the first information is that the second information is determined by the first device 101, while the first information is determined by the second device 102 and indicated to the first device 101.

[0202] In some embodiments, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0203] The starting position of the time interval;

[0204] The length of the time interval;

[0205] The period of the time interval.

[0206] In some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0207] The start time of CW transmission and the first offset value can be indicated by the second device to the first device, and the first device can determine the starting position of the time interval based on the start time of CW transmission and the first offset value.

[0208] In some embodiments, the first device determines the starting position of the time interval in the same way as the second device, as can be seen in the description of step S2101 in FIG2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0209] In some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following:

[0210] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the second offset value, which is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0211] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the first duration, which is the duration required for a handover between two adjacent hops;

[0212] The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0213] The first device can determine the second offset value based on the SFO value of the first device, and the first duration can be indicated to the first device by the second device. The first device can determine the length of the time interval based on the second offset value and / or the first duration.

[0214] In some embodiments, the first device determines the length of the time interval in the same way as the second device, as can be seen in the description of step S2101 in FIG2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0215] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, and the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, wherein the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0216] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and a second offset value of K times, where K is an integer.

[0217] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

[0218] In some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0219] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the duration T of transmitting CW at each frequency point (or each hop). The transmission duration T of CW can be network-predefined, preconfigured, or equal to the second duration T1 required for the first device to transmit the first signal once and K times the second offset value caused by SFO in this transmission, i.e., T = T1 + SFO × K, where K is an integer and is predefined, preconfigured, or indicated by the network device.

[0220] In some embodiments, the second duration T1 required for the first device to transmit the first signal once may be indicated to the first device by the second device; or, the first device may know the second duration required for this transmission and may not need the second device to indicate it. The first device may determine the size of the transmission block, the line code method used, and the modulation method on its own, thereby determining the second duration required for this transmission.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first device may calculate the product of the second duration and the SFO of the first device to obtain the second offset value offset2.

[0222] In step S2202, the first device 101 sends a first signal to the second device 102.

[0223] The optional implementation of step S2202 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0224] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2202. For example, step S2202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0225] In some embodiments, step S2201 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0226] In some embodiments, other optional implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2B.

[0227] Figure 2C is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2C, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0228] In step S2301, the second device 102 determines the duration of CW transmission at each frequency point.

[0229] In some embodiments, the second device 102 can control CW nodes to send CWs, where a CW node is a node capable of sending CWs. The first device 101 may not have the ability to actively send signals; the first device 101 can receive CWs, reflect the received CWs, load the information to be transmitted onto the reflected wave, and send it out. The second device 102 can receive the reflected wave sent by the first device 101.

[0230] In some embodiments, the CW emitted by the CW node switches between multiple frequency points. The waveform of the CW can be, for example, a single tone with frequency hopping. Taking two hops as an example, the waveform of the CW can be as shown in Figure 1D.

[0231] In some embodiments, CW includes multiple hops, where there is a time interval between adjacent hops, or there is no time interval between adjacent hops. It can also be described as having a time interval between adjacent frequency points, or having no time interval between adjacent frequency points.

[0232] In some embodiments, when there is no time interval between two adjacent hops, the second device 102 can control the duration of CW transmission by the CW node at each frequency point to ensure that the first device always has CW provided by the CW node for each transmission of the first signal, and that the provided CW is located on one frequency point, without switching from one frequency point to another.

[0233] In some embodiments, the duration for which the continuous electromagnetic wave is transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, which is determined by a second device. The third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, where the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0234] In some embodiments, the second device determines a second offset value offset2 based on the SFO of the first device, and the second device determines a third duration based on the second duration and / or the second offset value. The second device controls the CW node to transmit CW signals at each frequency point for the duration of the third duration, thereby ensuring that the first signal transmitted by the first device at one time is located at one frequency point, avoiding the problem shown in Figure 1E.

[0235] In some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer. That is, the third duration ≥ the second duration + the second offset value × K.

[0236] In some embodiments, the value of K is predefined, protocol-defined, preconfigured, or, in particular, K = 2.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the SFO. The first device may report the second offset value to the second device, or the first device may report the SFO value to the second device, and the second device may determine the second offset value.

[0238] In some embodiments, the second duration is determined in the following two ways:

[0239] The second device determines the second duration, the second device allocates resources to the first device to transmit the first signal, and the second device knows the starting position of this transmission and the second duration required for transmission;

[0240] The first device reports to the second device the second duration required to send the first signal in the future, or the first device reports the transport block size to the second device, and the second device determines the second duration based on the transport block size.

[0241] In step S2302, the first device 101 sends a first signal to the second device 102.

[0242] In some embodiments, the second device 102 receives a first signal sent by the first device 101.

[0243] In some embodiments, the first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, the waveform of which switches between multiple frequency points, and the first signal is transmitted within a first time period, which corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points.

[0244] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple hops, with no time interval between adjacent hops.

[0245] In some embodiments, the first signal may be a device-to-reader (D2R) signal, which is carried in the physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH).

[0246] In some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0247] In some embodiments, the first signal may include one TB or multiple TBs. When the first signal includes multiple TBs, the TBs may be transmitted continuously, or there may be a time interval between the TBs. It is understood that the time interval between TBs is different from the time interval between hops described above.

[0248] The communication method provided in this embodiment involves a first device sending a first signal to a second device within a first time period. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave, and the waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points, which can avoid increasing the complexity of reception and improve signal reception efficiency.

[0249] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2301 to S2302. For example, step S2302 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0250] In some embodiments, step S2301 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0251] In some embodiments, other alternative implementations may be described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2C.

[0252] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0253] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0254] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0255] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transfer,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0256] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0257] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (Boolean value (bool)) represented by true or false, or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0258] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0259] Figure 3A is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3A, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0260] Step S3101: Obtain the first information.

[0261] The optional implementation of step S3101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2A, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0262] In some embodiments, the first device receives first information sent by the second device, but is not limited thereto; it may also receive first information sent by other entities.

[0263] Step S3102: Send the first signal.

[0264] The optional implementation of step S3102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A, as well as other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first device sends a first signal to the second device, but is not limited thereto.

[0266] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3102. For example, step S3102 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0267] In some embodiments, step S3102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0268] Figure 3B is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3B, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0269] Step S3201: Determine the second information.

[0270] The optional implementation of step S3201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2201 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0271] Step S3202: Send the first signal.

[0272] The optional implementation of step S3202 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0273] In some embodiments, the first device sends a first signal to the second device, but is not limited thereto.

[0274] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3201 to S3202. For example, step S3202 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0275] In some embodiments, step S3201 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0276] Figure 3C is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3C, the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising:

[0277] Step S3301: Send the first signal.

[0278] The optional implementation of step S3301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2302 in Figure 2C, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2C, which will not be repeated here.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first device sends a first signal to the second device, but is not limited thereto.

[0280] Figure 4A is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4A, the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0281] Step S4101: Determine the first information.

[0282] The optional implementation of step S4101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0283] Step S4102: Send the first message.

[0284] The optional implementation of step S4102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0285] In some embodiments, the second device sends first information to the first device, but is not limited thereto.

[0286] Step S4103: Obtain the first signal.

[0287] The optional implementation of step S4103 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2A and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0288] In some embodiments, the second device receives a first signal sent by the first device, but is not limited thereto.

[0289] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4103. For example, step S4103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0290] In some embodiments, steps S4101 and S4102 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0291] Figure 4B is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4B, the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0292] Step S4201: Obtain the first signal.

[0293] The optional implementation of step S4201 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0294] In some embodiments, the second device receives a first signal sent by the first device, but is not limited thereto.

[0295] Figure 4C is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4C, this embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising:

[0296] Step S4301: Determine the duration of CW transmission at each frequency point.

[0297] The optional implementation of step S4301 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2301 in Figure 2C, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2C, which will not be repeated here.

[0298] Step S4302: Obtain the first signal.

[0299] The optional implementation of step S4302 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2302 in Figure 2C, and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2C, which will not be repeated here.

[0300] In some embodiments, the second device receives a first signal sent by the first device, but is not limited thereto.

[0301] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S4301 to S4302. For example, step S4302 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0302] In some embodiments, step S4301 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0303] In some embodiments, the above methods may include the methods of the embodiments described above on the communication system side, terminal side, network device side, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0304] This disclosure provides a communication method in which, when there is a time interval between hops, the time interval is determined according to the following method, and the device does not perform D2R transmission during the time interval.

[0305] Option 1: The network side determines the time interval, including the length, start point, and period of the time interval, and indicates the length, start point, and period of the time interval to the device.

[0306] The network side carries information indicating the aforementioned time interval in the reader-to-device (R2D) message it sends. The R2D message can be a query command, a queryrep command, a read command, or a write command. Alternatively, the network side can carry information indicating the time interval in the paging message.

[0307] The time interval occurs periodically, and the period value is pre-configured, predefined, or indicated in the R2D information by the network device.

[0308] The length of the time interval is indicated in units of chips, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and slots. The length of the time interval can be pre-configured by the network device, predefined, or indicated in the R2D information.

[0309] The time interval start position indicates the starting point of the first time interval. This start position is indicated by an offset value offset1 relative to the CW start transmission time. Offset1 can be an absolute time or indicated in units of chip, OFDM symbol, or slot. The CW start transmission time is known to the network device and needs to be indicated to the network device, as does the offset1. The network device controls the transmission of the CW.

[0310] Specifically, network devices determine time intervals and period values ​​using the following method:

[0311] Time interval: must include at least one or more of the following time values: offset2 caused by SFO during this D2R transmission, and / or the hop switching time when the CW node transmits CW, the network device controlling the CW switching, and the network device knowing the hop switching time.

[0312] Periodic value: The periodic value is equal to the duration T of CW transmission on each frequency point (i.e., each hop). The transmission duration T of CW can be network-predefined, preconfigured, or special. This duration T is equal to the time T1 required for one D2R transmission (one D2R transmission can transmit one or more TB) and K times the time offset value offset2 caused by SFO in this D2R transmission. K is an integer and is predefined, preconfigured, or indicated by the network device.

[0313] The time T1 required for a single D2R transmission (which can transmit one or more TB) is known to the network device. This is because the network device allocates resources for the D2R transmission. Therefore, the network device knows the duration T1 of this D2R transmission, or the device can indicate the duration required for this D2R transmission to the network device, i.e., the device requests resources for the D2R transmission from the network device.

[0314] In this D2R transmission, the time offset value offset2 caused by SFO is equal to the D2R transmission duration T1 × the device's SFO value. The device's SFO value can be indicated by the device to the network device, for example, by reporting it to the network device in the UE capability information.

[0315] For example, if a device transmits 1 TB (1000 bits) in a single D2R transmission using 1 / 2 Manchester encoding, the device will require 2000 chips. If the sub-carrier spacing (SCS) is 15 kHz and on-off keying (OOK) 4 modulation is used, with 4 chips per OFDM, then the duration of 2000 chips is 500 OFDM units. Therefore, the time required for this D2R transmission is T1 = 66.7 μs × 500 ≈ 33.33 ms. For example, if the device's SFO (Segmentation Frequency) is 10... 5 The time offset value offset2 caused by SFO when sending this TB (parts per million) is = T1 × SFO = 33.33ms × 10 -1 ≈3.33ms. In order to ensure that there is a time margin before and after TB to reduce the impact of SFO, K=2 can be taken. Then the periodic value of the time interval T=33.33ms+3.33×2=39.99ms.

[0316] Option 2: The device determines the time interval, including the length of the time interval, the start point, and the period.

[0317] Similar to option 1 above, the time interval must include at least one or more of the following time values: the offset time value offset2 caused by SFO during this D2R transmission of the device, and / or the time for switching hops when the CW node transmits CW, etc.

[0318] The device calculates the offset time value offset2 due to the SFO (Self-Fault Oriented) during this D2R transmission. For example, if the device's SFO is 10... 5 In ppm, a single D2R transmission can contain one or more TBs, and the transmission duration is T, for example, T = 10ms. Therefore, the offset time value offset2 is calculated as 10 × 10^6 ppm. -1 =1ms.

[0319] The network device controls the CW handover. The network device knows the handover hop time and needs to be indicated to the device.

[0320] The period of the time interval is equal to the duration T of sending CW. The duration T of sending CW can be network-predefined, preconfigured, or special. This duration T is equal to the time T1 required for one D2R transmission (one D2R transmission can send one or more Tb) and K times the time offset value offset2 caused by SFO in this D2R transmission. K is an integer and can be predefined, preconfigured, or indicated by the network device.

[0321] The time T1 required for a single D2R transmission (which can transmit one or more TBs) can be indicated to the device by the network device, since the network device allocates resources for the D2R transmission and knows the duration T1 of this D2R transmission. Alternatively, the device may know the duration required for this D2R transmission and does not need the network device to indicate the duration T1, because the device itself determines the TB size and, based on the TB size, the linear coding method and modulation method used, the device can determine the duration of this D2R transmission.

[0322] The time offset value offset2 caused by SFO in this D2R transmission is calculated by the device itself, and offset2 = D2R transmission duration T1 × device SFO value.

[0323] The starting position of the time interval is determined by indicating the starting position of the first time interval. This starting position is indicated by an offset value offset1 relative to the start time of CW transmission. The offset value offset1 can be an absolute time or in units of chip, OFDM symbol, or slot. The start time of CW transmission is known to the network device and needs to be indicated to the device by the network device, and the offset value offset1 also needs to be indicated to the device by the network device.

[0324] This disclosure proposes a communication method in which the network side controls the CW node to send CW when there is no time interval between hops. This requires certain conditions to be met to ensure that even with the influence of SFO, there is always a CW provided by the CW node during one D2R transmission of the device, and the provided CW is located on one frequency point, so that the CW will not switch from frequency point f1 to frequency point f2.

[0325] The following conditions must be met for the network side to control the transmission of CW:

[0326] The duration of a CW node transmitting CW on a single frequency point is always greater than or equal to the duration of a single D2R transmission by the device, T1 + K × the offset time offset2 caused by the device's SFO during this D2R transmission. The value of K is predefined, protocol-defined, pre-configured, or, in special cases, K = 2.

[0327] The offset time caused by the device's SFO is offset2 = the duration of this D2R transmission T1 × the SFO value. Offset2 is determined by the device and indicated to the network device, or the device reports the SFO value and the network device determines it. The network device determines the transmission time and duration of the CW.

[0328] The duration T1 of one D2R transmission by the device is determined in the following two ways:

[0329] The network device determines the duration T1 of the D2R transmission, allocates resources for the device to transmit D2R, and knows the starting position and duration T1 of this D2R transmission.

[0330] The network device determines the duration T1 of the D2R transmission. The device directly indicates to the network device the duration T1 of a future D2R transmission, or indicates the TB size. The network device then determines the specific duration T1 of a single D2R transmission based on the line code and modulation method.

[0331] A single D2R transmission from a device can include the transmission of one or more TBs. TBs can be transmitted continuously or with time intervals between them.

[0332] Network equipment includes base stations or intermediate node UEs. A CW node can be a single node with a base station or an intermediate node UE, or it can be a node device other than a base station or an intermediate node UE.

[0333] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0334] This disclosure also provides an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Alternatively, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0335] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0336] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0337] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the first device 5100 may include a transceiver module 5101. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5101 is used to send a first signal to a second device. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the transceiver steps (e.g., step S2102, but not limited thereto) performed by the terminal in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0338] In some embodiments, the first device may further include a processing module.

[0339] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time interval is determined based on the time interval.

[0340] In some embodiments, the first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside the time interval.

[0341] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive first information sent by the second device, the first information being determined by the second device; the first information includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; and the period of the time interval.

[0342] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive a second signal sent by a second device, wherein the first information is carried in the second signal.

[0343] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to: determine second information; the second information includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; and the period of the time interval.

[0344] In some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0345] In some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, the first duration being the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0346] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration being the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0347] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0348] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

[0349] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple hops, with no time interval between adjacent hops; the duration of the continuous electromagnetic wave transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, which is determined by the second device. The third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, where the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0350] In some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0351] In some embodiments, the second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0352] In some embodiments, the second duration is determined by one of the following methods: by the second device based on communication resources allocated to the first device; or by indication information sent by the first device to the second device, the indication information including at least one of the following: the second duration; or the size of the transport block.

[0353] In some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0354] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the second device 5200 may include a transceiver module 5201. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5201 is used to receive a first signal sent by the first device. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the transmission and reception steps performed by the second device in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0355] In some embodiments, the second device may further include a transceiver module.

[0356] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time interval is determined based on the time interval.

[0357] In some embodiments, the first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside the time interval.

[0358] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to: determine first information; send the first information to the first device; the first information includes at least one of the following: the starting position of the time interval; the length of the time interval; and the period of the time interval.

[0359] In some embodiments, the first information is carried on a second signal.

[0360] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to: send the second signal to the first device.

[0361] In some embodiments, the starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

[0362] In some embodiments, the length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, the first duration being the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; the length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

[0363] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point, the period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, the second duration being the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value being determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0364] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0365] In some embodiments, the period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

[0366] In some embodiments, the waveform includes multiple hops, with no time interval between adjacent hops; the duration of the continuous electromagnetic wave transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, which is determined by the second device. The third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, where the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0367] In some embodiments, the third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

[0368] In some embodiments, the second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

[0369] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to: determine the second duration based on communication resources allocated to the first device; or, determine the second duration based on indication information sent by the first device to the second device, the indication information including at least one of the following: the second duration; the size of the transport block.

[0370] In some embodiments, the first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

[0371] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0372] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0373] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., step S2102, but not limited thereto), and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated together. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, sending unit, transmitter, sending circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0374] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6103 may be located outside the communication device 6100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuits 6104 are connected to the memories 6103 and can be used to receive data from the memories 6103 or other devices, and to send data to the memories 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 6104 can read data stored in the memories 6103 and send that data to the processor 6101.

[0375] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0376] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 6200 according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0377] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201. Chip 6200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0378] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6203 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6203 may be located outside chip 6200. Optionally, interface circuit 6202 is connected to memory 6203, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to receive data from memory 6203 or other devices, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to send data to memory 6203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6202 can read data stored in memory 6203 and send the data to processor 6201.

[0379] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method (e.g., step S2102, but not limited thereto). For example, the interface circuit 6202 performing the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above-described method means that the interface circuit 6202 performs data interaction between the processor 6201, the chip 6200, the memory 6203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0380] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0381] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on the communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0382] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 6100, causes the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0383] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Performed by a first device, the method includes: A first signal is sent to a second device. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave. The waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first signal is sent within a first time period, which corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time interval is determined based on the time interval.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside of the time interval.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive first information sent by the second device, wherein the first information is determined by the second device; The first information includes at least one of the following: The starting position of the time interval; The length of the time interval; The period of the time interval.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The receipt of the first information sent by the second device includes: The first information is carried in the second signal sent by the second device.

6. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the second piece of information; The second information includes at least one of the following: The starting position of the time interval; The length of the time interval; The period of the time interval.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

8. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, which is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device. The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, where the first duration is the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

9. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point. The period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, where the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveform includes multiple jumps, and there is no time interval between two adjacent jumps; The duration for which the continuous electromagnetic wave is transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, which is determined by the second device. The third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value. The second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that, The second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, The second duration is determined by one of the following methods: The second device determines this based on the communication resources allocated to the first device; The indication information sent by the first device to the second device is determined, and the indication information includes at least one of the following: Second duration; The size of the transport block.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

17. A communication method, characterized in that, Performed by a second device, the method includes: The system receives a first signal sent by a first device. The first signal is carried on a continuous electromagnetic wave. The waveform of the continuous electromagnetic wave switches between multiple frequency points. The first signal is sent within a first time period, and the first time period corresponds to one of the multiple frequency points.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The waveform includes multiple jumps, with a time interval between adjacent jumps, and the first time interval is determined based on the time interval.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first signal is transmitted during a first time period outside of the time interval.

20. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the first piece of information; Send the first information to the first device; The first information includes at least one of the following: The starting position of the time interval; The length of the time interval; The period of the time interval.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first information is carried in the second signal.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send the second signal to the first device.

23. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The starting position of the time interval is the starting position of the first time interval in the continuous electromagnetic wave, and the starting position is determined based on the start time of the continuous electromagnetic wave and a first offset value.

24. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The length of the time interval satisfies one of the following: The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a second offset value, which is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device. The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to a first duration, where the first duration is the duration required to switch between two adjacent hops; The length of the time interval is greater than or equal to the sum of the second offset value and the first duration.

25. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is the duration of transmitting continuous electromagnetic waves at each frequency point. The period of the time interval is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value, where the second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is determined based on the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The period of the time interval is equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value.

28. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The waveform includes multiple jumps, and there is no time interval between two adjacent jumps; The duration for which the continuous electromagnetic wave is transmitted at each frequency point is a third duration, which is determined by the second device. The third duration is determined based on a second duration and / or a second offset value. The second duration is the duration required to transmit the first signal, and the second offset value is determined based on the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The third duration is greater than or equal to the sum of the second duration and K times the second offset value, where K is an integer.

30. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 29, characterized in that, The second offset value is equal to the product of the second duration and the sampling frequency offset of the first device.

31. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 29, characterized in that, The method further includes: The second duration is determined based on the communication resources allocated to the first device; or, The second duration is determined based on the indication information sent by the first device to the second device, wherein the indication information includes at least one of the following: The second duration; The size of the transport block.

32. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 31, characterized in that, The first signal includes at least one transmission block, and the time interval between adjacent transmission blocks is greater than or equal to 0.

33. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device is used to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or the communication method according to any one of claims 17 to 32.

34. A communication system, characterized in that, The device includes a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 1 to 16, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of any one of claims 17 to 32.

35. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 16 or the communication method as described in any one of claims 17 to 32.

36. A program product, characterized in that, It includes at least one of a program and instructions, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a communication device, they implement the communication method of any one of claims 1 to 16 or perform the communication method of any one of claims 17 to 32.

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