A personal care or pharmaceutical composition

Abstract

Disclosed is a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine compound; (b) glucosamine compound; and component (c) selected from C8 to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is at least 1:5.

Description

[0001] P0001139W01 CPL

[0002] 1

[0003] A PERSONAL CARE OR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION

[0004] Field of the Invention

[0005] The present invention relates to a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a)

[0006] 5 cystine compound; (b) glucosamine compound; and component (c) selected from Cs to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is at least 1 :5. It was surprisingly found that the composition is capable of providing higher total antioxidant capacity (TAOC).

[0007] Backqround of the Invention

[0008] Skin is the largest organ of the human body, providing physicochemical protection against environmental insults through its barrier function, mechanical strength and imperviousness to water. It is constantly exposed to harmful environments and extreme conditions, such as ultraviolet radiation, blue light, pollution etc. Such harmful environmental applications may cause

[0009] 15 excessive generation of reactive oxygen species thereby resulting in an oxidative stress condition. Oxidative stress may affect our skin in many ways including signs of premature aging such as wrinkles, fine lines, uneven skin tone. Antioxidant mechanisms are important in protecting molecules, cells and tissue against the threat of oxidative damage.

[0010] 20 The total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) is an essential indicator of oxidative stress, reflecting the antioxidant activity in the system. TAOC assay is the most commonly used method for the quantitative measurement of the antioxidant activity in various samples, including serum, plasma, whole blood, tissue, cells, plant extracts, and mixture, etc. It provides more reliable and reproducible measure of the cumulative action of all antioxidants present in the mixture.

[0011] 25

[0012] Therefore, the present inventors have recognized there is a need to further develop a personal care or pharmaceutical composition which is able to provide a higher total antioxidant capacity. It was surprisingly found that a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine compound; (b) glucosamine compound; and component (c) selected from Cs to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof is capable of providing higher total antioxidant capacity when the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is at least 1 :5.

[0013] Summary of the Invention

[0014] In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a or pharmaceutical personal care

[0015] 35 composition comprising: (a) cystine compound; (b) glucosamine compound; and component (c) P0001139W01 CPL

[0016] 2 selected from Cs to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is at least 1 :5.

[0017] All other aspects of the present invention will more readily become apparent upon considering

[0018] 5 the detailed description and examples which follow.

[0019] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0020] Except in the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and / or

[0021] 10 use may optionally be understood as modified by the word “about”.

[0022] All amounts are by weight of the composition, unless otherwise specified.

[0023] It should be noted that in specifying any range of values, any particular upper value can be

[0024] 15 associated with any particular lower value.

[0025] For the avoidance of doubt, the word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of’ or “composed of’. In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive.

[0026] 20

[0027] The disclosure of the invention as found herein is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy.

[0028] 25 Where a feature is disclosed with respect to a particular aspect of the invention (for example a composition of the invention), such disclosure is also to be considered to apply to any other aspect of the invention (for example a method of the invention) mutatis mutandis.

[0029] “Salt” as used in the present invention, includes but is not limited to ammonium, calcium,

[0030] 30 magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium, tetraalkylammonium, trialkylammonium, or a combination thereof, preferably salt refers to potassium, sodium, or a combination thereof.

[0031] The cystine compound refers to compound selected from group consisting of cystine, salt of cystine, ester of cystine, amide of cystine, lactone of cystine, salt thereof and a mixture thereof.

[0032] 35 Preferably the cystine compound is selected from group consisting of cystine, salt of cystine, ester P0001139W01 CPL

[0033] 3 of cystine, salt of ester of cystine, or a combination thereof. More preferably the cystine compound is cystine and / or salt thereof. Even more preferably, the cystine compound comprises cystine and most preferably the cystine compound is cystine. Ester of cystine is typically Ci-Cs esters and / or salts thereof, preferably C1-C4 esters and / or salts thereof.

[0034] 5

[0035] Preferably, the amount of cystine compound is 0.00001 to 3%, more preferably 0.0001 to 1%, even more preferably 0.0005 to 0.7%, and still even more preferably 0.005 to 0.5% and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of the composition.

[0036] 10 The glucosamine compound refers to compound selected from group consisting of glucosamine, acetyl glucosamine, ester of glucosamine, ester of acetyl glucosamine, salt thereof, or combination thereof. Preferably, the glucosamine compound is selected from group consisting of glucosamine, acetyl glucosamine, salt thereof, or combination thereof. More preferably, the glucosamine compound is selected from group consisting of acetyl glucosamine, salt thereof, or

[0037] 15 combination thereof. Even more preferably the glucosamine compound is acetyl glucosamine.

[0038] Preferably the amount of glucosamine compound is 0.00001 to 5%, more preferably 0.00008 to 3%, even more preferably 0.0004 to 1.5%, still even more preferably 0.003 to 0.8% by weight of the composition and particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.4% by weight of the composition.

[0039] 20

[0040] The component (c) of the present invention is selected from Cs to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof. Preferably, the fatty acid is unsubstituted. The term unsubstituted for unsubstituted fatty acid typically means the fatty acid radical is free from substituent groups such as OH, Cl or amino. The fatty acid can be branched or unbranched, preferably is unbranched

[0041] 25 fatty acid. Preferably, the fatty acid is saturated. Preferably, the fatty acid comprises a straight chain having at least 4, more preferably straight chain having at least 6 carbon atoms, even more preferably a straight chain having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, still even more preferably straight chain having 10 to 26 carbon atoms and most preferably straight chain having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.

[0042] 30 Preferably the component (c) is selected from C10 to C24 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof. More preferably, the component (c) is selected from C12 to C24 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof. Even more preferably the component (c) is selected from C14 to C20 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof. Still even more preferably the component (c) is selected from C16 to Cis fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof. P0001139W01 CPL

[0043] 4

[0044] Preferably, the component (c) is selected from myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, salt thereof or combination thereof. More preferably, the component (c) is selected from stearic acid, salt thereof or combination thereof. Even more preferably, the component (c) is stearic acid.

[0045] 5 Preferably the total amount of component (c) is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition. More preferably the total amount of component (c) is 0.0005 to 8%, even more preferably 0.005 to 5%, still even more preferably 0.03 to 3% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of the composition.

[0046] Preferably the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is 1 :5 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :5 to 200:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 1 :4 to 30:1 , particularly preferably 1 :3 to 20:1 , and most preferably 3:1 to 10:1.

[0047] Preferably the weight ratio of total component (c) to the glucosamine compound is 1 :200 to 80:1 ,

[0048] 15 more preferably 1 :20 to 60:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 30:1 , still even more preferably 1 :3 to 7:1.

[0049] Preferably the weight ratio of total component (c) to the cystine compound is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :3 to 300:1 , even more preferably 2:1 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 5:1 to 20:1.

[0050] 20

[0051] Preferably, the present invention provides a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine and / or salt thereof; (b) acetyl glucosamine and / or salt thereof; and (c) C12 to C24 fatty acid, and / or salt thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof to the total cystine and salt thereof is at least 1 :5.

[0052] Preferably, the amount of the total cystine and salt thereof is 0.00001 to 3%, more preferably 0.0001 to 1 %, even more preferably 0.0005 to 0.7%, and still even more preferably 0.005 to 0.5% and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of the composition.

[0053] 30 Preferably the amount of total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof is 0.00001 to 5%, more preferably 0.00008 to 3%, even more preferably 0.0004 to 1.5%, still even more preferably 0.003 to 0.8% by weight of the composition and particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.4% by weight of the composition. P0001139W01 CPL

[0054] 5

[0055] Preferably the amount of total C12 to C24 fatty acid, and salt thereof is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.0005 to 8%, even more preferably 0.005 to 5%, still even more preferably 0.03 to 3% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 .5% by weight of the composition.

[0056] 5 Preferably the weight ratio of the total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof to the total cystine and salt thereof is 1 :5 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :5 to 200:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 1 :4 to 30:1 , particularly preferably 1 :3 to 20:1 , and most preferably 3:1 to 10:1.

[0057] Preferably the weight ratio of the total C12 to C24 fatty acid, and salt thereof to the total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof is 1 :200 to 80: 1 , more preferably 1 :20 to 60: 1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 30: 1 , still even more preferably 1 :3 to 7: 1.

[0058] Preferably the weight ratio of total C12 to C24 fatty acid, and salt thereof to the total cystine and

[0059] 15 salt thereof is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :3 to 300:1 , even more preferably 2:1 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 5:1 to 20:1.

[0060] More preferably, the present invention provides a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine; (b) acetyl glucosamine; and (c) C14 to C18 fatty acid, and / or salt thereof,

[0061] 20 wherein the weight ratio of acetyl glucosamine to cystine is at least 1 :5.

[0062] Preferably, the amount of the cystine is 0.00001 to 3%, more preferably 0.0001 to 1%, even more preferably 0.0005 to 0.7%, and still even more preferably 0.005 to 0.5% and particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of the composition.

[0063] Preferably the amount of the acetyl glucosamine is 0.00001 to 5%, more preferably 0.00008 to 3%, even more preferably 0.0004 to 1.5%, still even more preferably 0.003 to 0.8% by weight of the composition and particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.4% by weight of the composition.

[0064] 30 Preferably the amount of total C14 to C18 fatty acid, and salt thereof is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.0005 to 8%, even more preferably 0.005 to 5%, still even more preferably 0.03 to 3% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 .5% by weight of the composition. P0001139W01 CPL

[0065] 6

[0066] Preferably the weight ratio of the acetyl glucosamine to the cystine is 1 :5 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :5 to 200:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 1 :4 to 30:1 , particularly preferably 1 :3 to 20:1 , and most preferably 3:1 to 10:1.

[0067] 5 Preferably the weight ratio of the total C14 to C18 fatty acid, and salt thereof to the acetyl glucosamine thereof is 1 :200 to 80:1 , more preferably 1 :20 to 60:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 30:1 , still even more preferably 1 :3 to 7:1.

[0068] Preferably the weight ratio of total C14 to C18 fatty acid, and salt thereof to the cystine is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :3 to 300:1 , even more preferably 2:1 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 5:1 to 20:1.

[0069] Even more preferably, the present invention provides a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine; (b) acetyl glucosamine; and (c)stearic acid, potassium

[0070] 15 stearate and / or sodium stearate, wherein the weight ratio of acetyl glucosamine to cystine is at least 1 :5.

[0071] Preferably the amount of total stearic acid, potassium stearate and sodium stearate is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.0005 to 8%, even more preferably 0.005 to

[0072] 20 5%, still even more preferably 0.03 to 3% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 .5% by weight of the composition.

[0073] Preferably the weight ratio of the total stearic acid, potassium stearate and sodium stearate to the acetyl glucosamine is 1 :200 to 80:1 , more preferably 1 :20 to 60:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 30:1 , still even more preferably 1 :3 to 7:1.

[0074] Preferably the weight ratio of total stearic acid, potassium stearate and sodium stearate to the cystine is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :3 to 300:1 , even more preferably 2:1 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 5:1 to 20:1.

[0075] 30

[0076] Still even more preferably, the present invention provides a personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine; (b) acetyl glucosamine; and (c)stearic acid, wherein the weight ratio of acetyl glucosamine to cystine is at least 1 :5. P0001139W01 CPL

[0077] 7

[0078] Preferably the amount of stearic acid is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.0005 to 8%, even more preferably 0.005 to 5%, still even more preferably 0.03 to 3% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 .5% by weight of the composition.

[0079] 5 Preferably the weight ratio of the stearic acid to the acetyl glucosamine is 1 :200 to 80:1 , more preferably 1 :20 to 60:1 , even more preferably 1 :5 to 30:1 , still even more preferably 1 :3 to 7:1.

[0080] Preferably the weight ratio of total stearic acid and sodium stearate to the cystine is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , more preferably 1 :3 to 300:1 , even more preferably 2:1 to 60:1 , still even more preferably 5:1 to 20:1.

[0081] Preferably, the composition comprises glycine compound selected from glycine; salt of glycine; ester of glycine; amide of glycine; lactone of glycine; dipeptide, tripeptide, or tetrapeptide having at least one glycine unit; salt thereof and a mixture thereof. More preferably, the composition

[0082] 15 comprises glycine compound selected from glycine; salt of glycine; ester of glycine; amide of glycine; salt thereof and a mixture thereof. Even more preferably, the composition comprises glycine compound selected from glycine; salt of glycine; and a mixture thereof. Still even more preferably the composition comprises glycine. Preferably the glycine compound is present in amount of 0.00001 to 5%, more preferably 0.0005 to 2%, even more preferably 0.001 to 1%, and

[0083] 20 still even more preferably 0.05 to 0.6% by weight of the composition. Preferably the glycine is present in amount of 0.00001 to 5%, more preferably 0.0005 to 2%, even more preferably 0.001 to 1%, and still even more preferably 0.05 to 0.6% by weight of the composition.

[0084] Preferably, the composition comprises a glutamate source selected from the group consisting of

[0085] 25 glutamine, glutamine ester, glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the composition comprises glutamate source selected from pyroglutamic acid and / or salt of pyroglutamic acid. Even more preferably, the composition comprises glutamate source which is sodium salt of pyroglutamic acid (Sodium PCA). Preferably, the glutamate source is present in amount of 0.00001 to 10% by weight of the composition, more preferably 0.0001 to 6%, even more preferably 0.01 to 3% and still even more preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight of the composition.

[0086] Preferably the weight ratio of the cystine compound to the glutamate source is 1 :200 to 200:1 , more preferably 1 :50 to 50:1 , even more preferably 1 :12 to 12:1 , and still even more preferably

[0087] 35 3: 1 to 1 :3. Preferably the weight ratio of the cystine compound to the glycine compound is 1 :200 P0001139W01 CPL

[0088] 8 to 200:1 , more preferably 1 :50 to 50:1 , even more preferably 1 :12 to 12:1 , and still even more preferably 3:1 to 1 :3.

[0089] The composition may comprise substituted resorcinol. Substituted resorcinol typically refers to

[0090] 5 that at least one hydrogen on the ring structure and / or on a hydroxy group of the resorcinol replaced with an alkyl group, phenyl alkyl group, or heterocyclic group. Preferably, the substituted resorcinol is 4-substituted resorcinol. Preferably, the substituted resorcinol is selected from 4- ethyl resorcinol, 4-butyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, phenylethyl resorcinol, thiamidol, or a mixture thereof, more preferably, the substituted resorcinol is selected from 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4- butyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, or a mixture thereof and even more preferably, the substituted resorcinol comprises 4-hexyl resorcinol. The amount of the substituted resorcinol is preferably in the range of 0.00001 to 10%, more preferably from 0.001 to 5% and most preferably from 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of the total amount of the composition.

[0091] 15 Preferably, the composition comprises Vitamin B3 compounds (including derivatives of vitamin B3). The vitamin B3 compounds comprises niacin, nicotinic acid, niacinamide or a mixture thereof. The most preferred vitamin B3 compound is niacinamide. Amount of Vitamin B3 compounds may be 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition. 2-mercaptonicotinoyl glycine may also be included in the composition. Amount of 2-mercaptonicotinoyl glycine may be 0.0001

[0092] 20 to 10%, preferably 0.01 to 1 % by weight of the composition.

[0093] The composition may optionally comprise whitening pigment. Whitening pigments are typically particles of high refractive index materials. For example, the whitening pigment may have a refractive index of greater than 1.3, more preferably greater than 1.8 and most preferably from

[0094] 25 2.0 to 2.7. Examples of such whitening pigment are those comprising bismuth oxy-chloride, boron nitride, barium sulfate, mica, silica, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, zinc oxide or combinations thereof. More preferred whitening pigment are particles comprising titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, mica, iron oxide or a combination thereof. Even more preferred whitening pigment are particles comprising zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide or a combination thereof as these materials have especially high refractive index. Still even more preferably the whitening pigment is selected from titanium dioxide, zinc oxide or a mixture thereof and most preferred whitening pigment is titanium dioxide. The average diameter of whitening pigment is typical from 15 nm to 1 micron, more preferably from 35 nm to 800 nm, even more preferably from 50 nm to 500 nm and still even more preferably from 100 to 300 nm. Amount of

[0095] 35 whitening pigment may be 0.1 to 15%, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition. P0001139W01 CPL

[0096] 9

[0097] Preferably, the composition comprises polyhydric alcohol. Polyhydric alcohols may be selected from group of glycerin, propylyene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1 ,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol,

[0098] 5 ethoxylated glycerol, propoxylated glycerol or a mixture thereof. Most preferred polyhydric alcohol is glycerol known also as glycerin. The amount of polyhydric alcohol may range anywhere from 0.1 to 20%, preferably 0.5 to 15% and more preferably 2 and 10% by weight of the composition.

[0099] Preferably, the composition comprises emollient materials. Suitable emollient materials include silicones, hydrocarbons, triglycerides or a mixture thereof. These silicones may be organic, silicone-containing or fluorine-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar or non-polar. Hydrocarbons may include mineral oil, petrolatum and polyalpha-olefins. Examples of preferred volatile hydrocarbons include polydecanes such as isododecane and isodecane (e.g. Permethyl- 99A which is available from Presperse Inc.) and the C7-C8 through C12-C15 isoparaffins (such

[0100] 15 as the Isopar Series available from Exxon Chemicals). Illustrative triglycerides but not limiting are sunflower seed oil, cotton oil, canola oil, soybean oil, castor oil, borage oil, olive oil, shea butter, jojoba oil and mixtures thereof. Mono- and di- glycerides may also be useful. Particularly preferable are glyceryl monostearate and glyceryl distearate.

[0101] 20 Preferably, the composition comprises moisturizing agents. Particularly preferred moisturizing agents includes, petrolatum, aquaporin manipulating actives, oat kernel flour, substituted urea like hydroxyethyl urea, hyaluronic acid and / or its precursor N-acetyl glucosamine, hyaluronic acid and / or its precursor N-acetyl glucosamine, or a mixture thereof.

[0102] 25 Some compositions may include thickeners. These may be selected from cellulosics, natural gums and acrylic polymers but not limited by this thickening agent types. Among the cellulosics are sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and combinations thereof. Suitable gums include xanthan, pectin, karaya, agar, alginate gums and combinations thereof. Among the acrylic thickeners are homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids including carbomers such as Carbopol 1382, Carbopol 982, llltrez, Aqua SF-1 and Aqua SF-2 available from the Lubrizol Corporation. Amounts of thickener may range from 0.01 to 3% by weight of the active polymer (outside of solvent or water) in the compositions.

[0103] In addition, the compositions of the invention may further include 0.5 to 10% by weight of

[0104] 35 sequestering agents, such as tetra sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), EHDP or P0001139W01 CPL

[0105] 10 mixtures; opacifiers and pearlizers such as ethylene glycol distearate, titanium dioxide or Lytron 621 (Styrene / Acrylate copolymer); all of which are useful in enhancing the appearance or properties of the product.

[0106] 5 The composition may comprise water in amount of 10 to 96% by weight of the composition, more preferably from 25 to 92%, even more preferably from 42 to 88%, most preferably from 55 to 82% by weight of the composition.

[0107] Preferably, the composition has a viscosity of at least 10 mPa s, more preferably in the range 30 to 10000 mPa s, even more preferably 50 to 5000 mPa s, and most preferably 100 to 2000 mPa s, when measured at 20 degrees C at a relatively high shear rate of about 20 s'1.

[0108] Preferably, the composition is an emulsion, more preferably an oil-in-water emulsion. Preferably the composition is a fluid at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure.

[0109] 15

[0110] Preferably, the composition is an emulsion, more preferably an oil-in-water emulsion. Preferably, the personal care composition is a skin care composition. The skin care composition refers to a composition suitable for topical application to human skin, including leave-on and wash-off products but preferably leave-on compositions. The term “leave-on” as used with reference to

[0111] 20 compositions herein means a composition that is applied to or rubbed on the skin and left thereon. The term “wash-off” as used with reference to compositions herein means a skin cleanser that is applied to or rubbed on the skin and rinsed off substantially immediately subsequent to application. Preferably the composition is a fluid liquid, and particularly a moisturizer rather than a make-up product. The term "skin" as used herein includes the skin on the face, neck, chest, abdomen, back, arms, under arms, hands, and legs. Preferably “skin” means includes the skin on the face and under arms, more preferably skin means skin on the face other than lips and eyelids.

[0112] Preferably, the composition is a topical composition. Preferably, the composition may be in the

[0113] 30 form of cream, lotion, ointment, solution, suspension, emulsion, paste, gel, powder, powder foundation, emulsion foundation, wax foundation, or spray. More preferably, the composition may be formulated in the form of cream, lotion, ointment, emulsion, gel, or a spray. P0001139W01 CPL

[0114] 11

[0115] The present invention also provides a method for providing benefit selected from antioxidant, antiaging, reducing oxidative stress or combination thereof comprising a step of topically applying to the skin the composition of the present invention.

[0116] 5 The present invention also provides use of the composition of the present invention for providing benefit selected from antioxidant, anti-aging, reducing oxidative stress or combination thereof.

[0117] Preferably the use is non-therapeutic. Preferably the method is non-therapeutic. The term non- therapeutic typically means for cosmetic purposes and not curative or therapeutic purposes.

[0118] 10

[0119] The following examples are provided to facilitate an understanding of the invention. The examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0120] P0001139WG1 CPL

[0121] Examples

[0122] Example 1

[0123] This Example demonstrates increasement of the total antioxidant capacity by combination of cystine compound, glucosamine compound and Cs to C30 fatty acid according to the present

[0124] 5 invention.

[0125] The total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was evaluated using the Cu2+antioxidant based TAOC kit (Abeam, Cat: ab65329). All materials were diluted prior to test. Trolox, a water-soluble vitamin E analog, serves as the reference to calibrate the antioxidant capacity of all testing materials, and the optical absorbance were measured at 570 nm. The antioxidant capacity of all samples was calculated as Trolox equivalent from the Trolox standard curve.

[0126] The results were summarised in Table 1.

[0127] 15 Table 1

[0128] *The level refers to the level of the listed ingredient based on the medium. a: GAP: a combination of cystine, glycine and sodium PCA in a weight ratio of 1 :1 :1. Cystine and Glycine was procured from Sigma-Adrich. Sodium PCA (Sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate) was

[0129] 20 procured from Ajinomoto Co., Inc under the trade name of AJ I DEW NL-50. b: SA: stearic acid. c: NAG: N-Acetyl glucosamine. d: Significantly higher than the sum of A and B (p<0.05). e: Significantly higher than the sum of A and C (p<0.05).

[0130] 25 f: Not significantly higher than the sum of A and D (p<0.05).

[0131] As evident from Table 1 , it was surprisingly found that only when the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is within the range of the present invention

[0132] 30 (Sample 1 and 2), it was capable of providing higher total antioxidant capacity. In contrast, when the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is outside the range of the present invention (Sample E), higher total antioxidant capacity was not provided.

Claims

P0001139W01 CPL13Claims1. A personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising:(a) cystine compound;(b) glucosamine compound; and component (c) selected from Cs to C30 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof, wherein:(i) the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is at least 1 :5;(ii) the composition comprises water in amount of 10 to 96% by weight of the composition; and(iii) the amount of glucosamine compound is 0.0004 to 5% by weight of the composition.

2. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the cystine compound is selected from group consisting of cystine, salt of cystine, ester of cystine, amide of cystine, lactone of cystine, salt thereof and a mixture thereof, preferably the cystine compound is cystine.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the amount of cystine compound is 0.00001 to 3%, preferably 0.0005 to 0.7% by weight of the composition.

4. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the glucosamine compound is selected from group consisting of glucosamine, acetyl glucosamine, salt thereof, or combination thereof, preferably the glucosamine compound is acetyl glucosamine.

5. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the amount of glucosamine compound is 0.0004 to 1.5% by weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the component (c) is selected from C10 to C24 fatty acid, salt thereof or a combination thereof, preferably the component (c) is selected from myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, salt thereof or combination thereof, more preferably the component (c) is stearic acid.

7. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the total amount of component (c) is 0.0001 to 30% by weight of the composition, preferably 0.005 to 5% by weight of the composition.P0001139W01 CPL148. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the weight ratio of the glucosamine compound to the cystine compound is 1 :5 to 1000:1 , preferably 3:1 to 10:1.

9. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the weight ratio of total component (c) to the glucosamine compound is 1 :200 to 80:1 , preferably 1 :5 to 30:1.

10. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the weight ratio of total component (c) to the cystine compound is 1 :10 to 1000:1 , preferably 2:1 to 60:1.11 . A personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine and / or salt thereof; (b) acetyl glucosamine and / or salt thereof; and (c) C12 to C24 fatty acid, and / or salt thereof, wherein the weight ratio of the total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof to the total cystine and salt thereof is at least 1 :5.

12. The composition according to claim 11 wherein the weight ratio of the total acetyl glucosamine and salt thereof to the total cystine and salt thereof is 1 :5 to 1000:1 , preferably 3:1 to 10:1.

13. A personal care or pharmaceutical composition comprising: (a) cystine; (b) acetyl glucosamine; and (c) C14 to C18 fatty acid, and / or salt thereof, wherein the weight ratio of acetyl glucosamine to cystine is at least 1 :5.

14. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises glycine compound selected from glycine; salt of glycine; ester of glycine; amide of glycine; lactone of glycine; dipeptide, tripeptide, or tetrapeptide having at least one glycine unit; salt thereof and a mixture thereof, preferably in amount of 0.00001 to 5%, by weight of the composition.

15. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition comprises a glutamate source selected from the group consisting of glutamine, glutamine ester, glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, salts thereof, and mixtures thereof, preferably in amount of 0.00001 to 10% by weight of the composition.

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