Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises: a reception unit that receives a plurality of reference signals in at least some reference signal resources among a plurality of reference signal resources; and a control unit that determines, on the basis of the result of measurement of the at least some reference signal resources, an index of a beam among a plurality of beams the number of which is larger than the number of the plurality of reference signal resources, and controls transmission of a report including the index.

Description

Terminal, Wireless Communication Method, and Base Station 【0001】 The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. 【0002】 In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was specified for the purpose of achieving further high data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, for the purpose of further increasing capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9), LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified. 【0003】 Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also being considered. 【0004】 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0, "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)", April 2010 【0005】 In NR, a terminal (terminal, user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) and a base station demodulate data based on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmitted together with downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) data (shared channel). 【0006】The use of more beams is being considered for future wireless communication systems. However, methods for beam alignment and determination have not been adequately considered. If the beam alignment and determination methods are not appropriate, improvements in resource utilization efficiency, communication throughput, and communication quality may be hindered. 【0007】 Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station for appropriately adjusting / determining a beam. 【0008】 A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a plurality of reference signals in at least some of a plurality of reference signal resources, and a control unit that determines the index of a beam among a plurality of beams that is greater than the number of the plurality of reference signal resources, based on the measurement results of the at least some of the reference signal resources, and controls the transmission of a report including the index. 【0009】 According to one aspect of this disclosure, the beam can be appropriately adjusted / determined. 【0010】Figure 1 shows an example of an improved version. Figure 2 shows an example of the duration of an existing beam search. Figure 3 shows an example of the duration of the improved beam search. Figure 4 shows an example of two paths corresponding to two beams. Figure 5 shows an example of multiple RSRPs corresponding to multiple SSBs. Figure 6 shows an example of the coexistence of existing and new UEs in the improved version. Figure 7 shows an example of a beam alignment procedure. Figure 8 shows an example of mapping between beam index and DL RS resource according to Embodiment A1. Figure 9 shows an example of element transformation in step 1 of example 2 of Embodiment A2. Figure 10 shows an example of CRC attachment in a codeword according to Embodiment A3. Figure 11 shows an example of coding mapping based on Embodiment A1. Figure 12 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 1 of Embodiment A4. Figure 13 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 2 of Embodiment A4. Figure 14 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 3 of Embodiment A4. Figure 15 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 4 of Embodiment A4. Figure 16 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 5 of Embodiment A4. Figure 17 shows an example of coding mapping based on technique 6 of Embodiment A4. Figure 18 shows an example of coding mapping according to Example B. Figure 19 shows an example of beam alignment procedure according to Example B. Figure 20 shows an example of a transmitted RS pattern according to Embodiment B2-2. Figure 21 shows an example of the transmission period for existing SSB and new CSI-RS according to Example B1. Figure 22 shows an example of a transmitted RS pattern obtained by coding the beam index according to Example B1. Figure 23 shows an example of a beam report according to Example B2-0. Figure 24 shows an example of a beam report according to Example B2-1. Figure 25 shows an example of a beam report according to Example B2-2. Figure 26 shows an example of a beam report according to Example B2-3. Figure 27 shows an example of coding mapping according to Example B3-1. Figure 28 shows an example of beam alignment according to Example B3-2. Figure 29 shows an example of a beam alignment procedure according to Example C1-1. Figure 30 shows an example of condition 3 in Embodiment C3. Figure 31 shows another example of condition 3 in Embodiment C3. Figure 32 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Figure 33 is a diagram showing an example of a base station configuration according to one embodiment.Figure 34 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 35 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 36 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. 【0011】 (Millimeter Wave) The millimeter wave (mmW) band is required in capacity-limited use cases such as immersive extended / cross reality (XR). To expand coverage, mmW arrays [antennas] are expected to be expanded, for example, from 1000 to 2000 antennas. Existing beam alignment is based on sweeping of TDM-decoded beams, which generates enormous overhead due to the use of a large number of narrow beams. Therefore, a more efficient beam alignment method is needed. 【0012】 In existing beam alignment systems, each beam is used by a single SSB. That is, there is a one-to-one mapping (one-hot code) between the beam and the SSB. The number of SSBs is equal to the number of beams. Overhead is linearly proportional to the number of beams. 【0013】 As an improvement, it is being considered that each beam be mapped (encoded) to an SSB sequence (SSB pattern), as shown in the example in Figure 1. The encoding scheme could be, for example, a dual-rail code or a hash. In encoding, a unique subset of multiple SSBs is represented by a specific row (codeword) in a table, and that SSB sequence uses one beam. One beam is associated with a subset (beam pattern) of multiple beams of different widths that include that beam. 【0014】 In the improved design, the UE observes the SSB sequence and derives the beam index based on measurements (e.g., RSRP values). The number of SSBs is close to log2(number of beams). The overhead is proportional to the logarithm of the number of beams. 【0015】 (Issues) In beam alignment, several issues can be considered, as follows: 【0016】 ◆Issue 1: In beam search, it is preferable to reduce latency and complexity. As shown in the example in Figure 2, in existing beam search, the UE can terminate the search [even before observing all SSBs] if it detects a good beam (SSB). As shown in the example in Figure 3, in the improved version, the UE is required to receive the entire duration of the SSB sequence (all SSBs) before decoding, which introduces unnecessary latency and complexity. 【0017】 ◆Point 2: It is preferable that the robustness of decoding be improved. For example, multipath fading / noise / interference can cause decoding errors. As in the example in Figure 4, if paths #1 and #2 are equally good, then, as in the example in Figure 5, when paths #1 and #2 are received, the determination results of multiple RSRPs obtained by receiving multiple SSBs will differ from the multiple RSRPs when only path #1 is received and the multiple RSRPs when only path #2 is received. This means that multiple RSRPs may be decoded into invalid codewords, or those codewords may indicate a beam of poor quality. 【0018】 ◆Issue 3: It is preferable that UEs with various capabilities be supported. For example, in the improved plan, existing UEs cannot decode because they do not know the mapping between the RS sequence and the beam. As shown in the example in Figure 6, in the improved plan, for existing UEs and new UEs to coexist, a period of time is required to transmit the existing SSB for the existing UEs and a period of time to transmit the additional SSB for the new UEs. In a shared spectrum in NR, it is preferable for existing SSBs to continue supporting existing UEs, but this may result in inefficient use of system resources (spectrum, time, RS resources, etc.). 【0019】 Thus, methods for adjusting / determining beams using a larger number of antenna elements have not been sufficiently considered. If the beam adjustment / determining method is not appropriate, improvements in resource utilization efficiency, communication throughput, and communication quality may be suppressed. 【0020】Therefore, the inventors conceived a method for adjusting / determining the beam. 【0021】 The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination. 【0022】 (Various substitutions) In this disclosure, words enclosed in parentheses () may indicate an explanation of the preceding word (e.g., an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, or supplementary explanation. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in square brackets [] may be interpreted as part of the overall meaning of the text, or they may be interpreted as being excluded (ignored). Note that parentheses () and square brackets [] may be used for purposes / meanings other than those described above. 【0023】 In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C". 【0024】 In this disclosure, terms such as notice, activate, deactivate, indicate (or specify), select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and capable of operating may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0025】 In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Elements (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0026】In this disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be any or a combination thereof, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and other messages (e.g., messages from the core network, such as positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages). 【0027】 In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs). 【0028】 In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI). 【0029】 In this disclosure, the following abbreviations may be used: ◆FDM: frequency division multiplexing ◆TDM: time division multiplexing ◆CDM: spatial division multiplexing 【0030】In the present disclosure, ceil(x), ceiling function, ceiling operation may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, floor(x), floor function, floor operation may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, sqrt(x), square root of x, root x may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, x mod y, mod(x, y), mod function, modulo operation may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, Σ i=M M+N-1 f(i), Σ i=M M+N-1 f i over f(i) or f from i = M, M + 1,..., M + N - 1 i the summation of, f(M) + f(M + 1) +... + f(M + N - 1), f M + f M+1 +... + f M+N-1 may be read interchangeably with each other. C(n, k) is the number of combinations of choosing k values from n values (combinatorial coefficient), binomial coefficients n C k C n k may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, x / / y, floor(x / y) may be read interchangeably with each other. 【0031】 In the present disclosure, A b , A_b, Ab, the notation with b attached to the lower right of A, may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, A c , A^c, the notation with c attached to the upper right of A, may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, A b c , A_b^c, the notation with b attached to the lower right of A and c attached to the upper right of A, may be read interchangeably with each other. In the present disclosure, x ~ may be represented by attaching ~ above x or may be called x tilde. In the present disclosure, x - may be represented by attaching - above x or may be called x bar. In the present disclosure, x ＾This can also be represented by placing a caret (^) above x, or it may be called an x-hat. 【0032】 In this disclosure, terms such as process, procedure, operation, and behavior may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0033】 In this disclosure, information, settings, instructions, notices, messages, fields, DCI, and RRC IE may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. 【0034】 In this disclosure, beam alignment and beam management (BM) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. 【0035】 In this disclosure, measurement results, reception results, RSRP / SINR / RSRQ, beam quality [quantity], and reported quantity may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable. 【0036】 (Wireless communication method) The code may be determined by at least one of the code length, the length of the information bits, and the mapping rule (encoding scheme). 【0037】 The code length may also be the number of symbols / bits in the codeword. 【0038】 The Hamming weight may be the number of non-zero symbols in a codeword. Multiple constant-weight codes may have multiple codewords with the same Hamming weight. 【0039】 A one-hot code is a group of bits within a valid value combination. A valid value combination is one in which one bit is high (1) and all other bits are low (0). 【0040】 In this disclosure, the following abbreviations may be used: ◆CRC: cyclic redundancy check ◆MSB: most significant bit ◆LSB: least significant bit 【0041】Which code is applied may be defined / described in the specification by a mapping table / generation formula / encoding procedure / decoding procedure, or it may be set / indicated / determined by relevant higher-layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI, or it may be a combination of such definition / description and such setting / indication / determination. 【0042】 In each embodiment, the [Beam-Transmitted] [DL]RS [Resource] may be an existing DL RS [Resource] or another RS ​​[Resource] known by the UE. The existing DL RS may be at least one of SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, or PRS. 【0043】 An existing SSB [resource] set (existing SSB [resource] group) may be multiple existing SSB [resource / occasion] TDM of NR, and each of these multiple SSB [index] may correspond to each of multiple beam [index] (may be beam swept). An [existing / NR compatible / new] UE may determine / recognize the measurement results (existing SSB pattern) of an existing SSB set by receiving / detecting / measuring at least a portion of the existing SSB set. An existing SSB pattern may be multiple bits corresponding to each of the multiple existing SSBs in the existing SSB set, and of these multiple bits, only the bit corresponding to one detected SSB may have a value of 1, while the other bits have a value of 0. 【0044】 In this disclosure, existing SSB patterns and one-hot codes may be interpreted as interchangeable. 【0045】 In this disclosure, [DL]RS[resource], newRS[resource], and BM RS may be interpreted as interchangeable. 【0046】 A new RS (Resource) set (group) may be multiple RSs (Resources / Occasions) that are subject to TDM / FDM. 【0047】The relationships / mappings between multiple beams [indexes] and multiple RSs [resources / occasions] may be represented by matrices / codebooks / tables. 【0048】 One row [index] of the matrix may correspond to one beam [index]. The row may indicate an RS (transmitted RS pattern) transmitted using the corresponding beam [beam pattern containing]. The row may have multiple bits (multiple columns). One bit in the row may correspond to one RS [resource]. A value of 1 for the bit may indicate that the RS [resource] corresponding to that bit (that column) is transmitted using the beam [beam pattern containing] corresponding to that row. A value of 0 for the bit may indicate that the RS [resource] corresponding to that bit (that column) is transmitted without using the beam [beam pattern containing] corresponding to that row. 【0049】 One column [index] of the matrix may correspond to one RS [resource / occasion / index]. The column may indicate multiple [narrow] beams [included in the beam pattern] used to transmit the corresponding RS [resource]. The column may have multiple bits (multiple rows). One bit in the column may correspond to one beam. A value of 1 for the bit may indicate that the beam corresponding to that bit (that row) is used [included in the beam pattern] to transmit the RS [resource] corresponding to that column. A value of 0 for the bit may indicate that the beam corresponding to that bit (that row) is not used to transmit the RS [resource] corresponding to that column (it is not included in the beam pattern used to transmit the RS corresponding to that column). 【0050】 The number of [narrow] beams in an [encoded] mapping may be greater than the number of RS resources in the [new] RS resource set. The number of RS resources associated with (using) one [narrow] beam [index] may be less than half the number of RS resources in the [new] RS resource set. 【0051】 [NR Compatible / New] UE may set timing / occasion / windows for receiving / detecting [New] RS resource sets. [NR Compatible / New] UE may receive at least some (two or more) RS resources from the [New] RS resource set. [NR Compatible / New] may determine / recognize [Received] RS patterns based on the measurement results of the [New] RS resource set, or may determine a specific number of RS resource indices (e.g., SSBRI or CRI) from the [New] RS resource set that have measurement results that satisfy the conditions. A received RS pattern may have multiple bits. One bit may correspond to one RS [resource]. A value of 1 for that bit may indicate that the measurement result of the RS [resource] corresponding to that bit satisfies the conditions. A value of 0 for that bit may indicate that the measurement result of the RS [resource] corresponding to that bit does not satisfy the conditions. The conditions may be that the corresponding measurement result is the best specific number of measurement results within the RS resource set, or that the measurement result exceeds a threshold (is above a threshold). 【0052】 [NR Compatible] UE may send [Beam] reports for a certain number of RS resource indices. 【0053】 [New] The UE may determine / decode beam [indexes] associated with at least some of the measurement results in the RS resource set from multiple [narrow] beams in the [encoded] mapping. [New] The UE may transmit a [beam] report containing beam indices. 【0054】 [NR Compatible / New] UE may apply a beam [index] notified / set / instructed in response to a report to a specific [DL / UL] channel / RS [receive / transmit] (it may be assumed that the specific [DL / UL] channel / RS is QCLed with a beam [source RS] notified / set / instructed in response to a report). 【0055】In this disclosure, the terms RS pattern, transmitted RS pattern, received RS pattern, RS sequence, measurement result [bit sequence] of multiple RS [resources] (RS resource sets), and rows of the mapping [matrix] may be interpreted as being interchangeable with each other. 【0056】 In this disclosure, the beam pattern, the composite beam / combination of multiple beams [a bit sequence indicating this], and the mapping [matrix] sequence may be interpreted as being interchangeable with each other. 【0057】 In this disclosure, the terms [encoding] mapping, [novel] RS [resource] set (group), RS pattern (combination), beam pattern (combination), multiple [narrow] beams being mapped to multiple RS [resources], multiple RS [resources] to which multiple [narrow] beams are mapped, multiple RS [resources] using [encoding] mapping, multiple [narrow] beams being mapped to multiple RS [resources], multiple [narrow] beams using [encoding] mapping, multiple [narrow] beams (beam patterns) being mapped to one RS [resource], one [narrow] beam being mapped to multiple RS [resources] (RS patterns), encoding scheme, code, and decoding may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0058】 The beam alignment procedure may be based on at least one of the following steps x: 【0059】 ◆Step 1 The RS [for BM] may be an SSB / CSI-RS or a new RS [resource]. 【0060】 ◆Procedure 2 As shown in Example A0 of Figure 7, each [narrow] beam (beams #0 to #14) may be used by a unique subset (RS pattern, RS subset) from RS resources (RS resources #0 to #5). The RS pattern used for each [narrow] beam may be given according to a codeword (matrix / codebook / table row). 【0061】◆Step 3 The codebook (matrices, tables, 2D bitmaps, [encoded] mappings) may represent unique beams (RS patterns). A column in the codebook corresponds to one RS resource (RS resource #0 to #5) and shows the combination of multiple [narrow] beams (beam patterns #0 to #5) used to transmit that RS resource. 【0062】 A novel UE with decoding capabilities [of codewords / RS patterns / beams] may need to know its table to find the best beam. An NR-compatible UE without decoding capabilities may feed the measurement back to the gNB for decoding. Therefore, the NR-compatible UE does not need to know its table. 【0063】 ◆Procedure 4 An NR-compatible UE that does not have decoding capability may measure / determine the RS pattern (codeword) and feed back multiple strong [RSRP-containing] RS resource indexes (RS patterns). The gNB may decode the beam index based on the feedback. 【0064】 ◆Procedure 5 A new UE with decoding capability may measure / determine the RS pattern (codeword), decode the beam index, and feed back that beam index. 【0065】 The beam alignment procedure may be similar to the channel coding procedure in existing specifications. A new UE with decoding capability may need to know the number of RS resources (RS pattern length, code length), the number of beams (beam index range, information bit length, coding rate), and the coding scheme (any of Embodiments A1 to A4). The coding scheme may be defined in the specification. The coding scheme may be defined in a form similar to the channel coding procedure in existing specifications. An NR-compatible UE without decoding capability may not need to know the coding scheme. 【0066】 If DL RS is CSI-RS, the new RS resource set may also be a new CSI-RS resource set. 【0067】Decoding may involve decoding the beam index from the determined / recognized [received] RS pattern (identifying the beam from the determined / recognized [received] RS pattern). Decoding capability (decoding function) may involve supporting the decoding of the [received] RS pattern. 【0068】 An existing UE may be one that supports receiving the existing SSB set of the NR and the existing number of beams of the NR. An NR-compatible UE may support a new number of beams greater than the existing number of beams of the NR and may not have decoding capabilities. A new UE may support a new number of beams greater than the existing number of beams of the NR and may have decoding capabilities. 【0069】 An NR-compatible UE / new UE may receive both an existing SSB set and a new RS set. 【0070】 <Embodiment A0> This embodiment relates to Issues 1 and 2. 【0071】 The UE may provide at least one of the following multiple parameters x in order to derive the transmit beam index from the DL RS resource. 【0072】 ◆Parameter 1: Number of DL RS resources and beams. This may be set / indicated / determined by the relevant higher layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI, defined / described in the specification, or based on conditions defined / described in the specification. 【0073】 ◆Parameter 2: Mapping rules (encoding scheme) between beam index and DL RS resources. This may be defined / described in the specification by a mapping table / generation formula / encoding procedure / decoding procedure, or it may be set / indicated / determined by the relevant higher-layer parameters / MAC CE / DCi. 【0074】 The beam alignment procedure described above is similar to channel coding and may be based on at least one of the following features. 【0075】◆Features: A novel UE with decoding capabilities may need to know the number of RS resources (code length), the number of beams (beam index range, information bit length, code rate), and the coding scheme. The coding scheme may indicate a code for coding / decoding the mapping between the beam index and multiple DL RS resources. 【0076】 ◆Features: The encoding scheme may be specified in the specification. The encoding scheme may be the same as the channel encoding of existing specifications. Implementation-based variations may not be permitted. 【0077】 ◆Features: [For example, via bitmaps] Higher layer settings may or may not be possible. 【0078】 ◆Features: NR-compatible UEs that do not possess decoding capabilities do not require knowledge of the encoding scheme. 【0079】 The [encoded] mapping between a beam index and multiple DL RS resources may be represented by a codeword. The codeword may indicate whether to use the corresponding beam for each RS resource. The [encoded] mapping may be represented by a matrix / table / codebook / encoding scheme having rows corresponding to beams / codewords and columns corresponding to RS [resources / occasions]. 【0080】 The UE may assume at least one of the following multiple embodiment Ax mapping / encoding schemes between beam indices and multiple DL RS resources. 【0081】 <Embodiment A1> The sign of UE may be assumed to be that of length n and common Hamming weight m ≤ floor(n / 2). 【0082】 The code may be an m-out-of-n code (m codes from n codes) or a Sperner code. This classification code can address issue 1. The UE can stop the search when it successfully detects m RSs. 【0083】<<Example A1>> Figure 8 shows an example of a mapping between a beam index and a DL RS resource according to Embodiment A1. This mapping is based on 2-out-of-6 coding. This mapping may be based on at least one of the following features. 【0084】 ◆Features: The code length n=6, and 6 RSs are used. The Hamming weight m=2. Two bits in each codeword are 1 (the remaining 4 bits are 0). In the ideal case, each UE expects to receive two strong RSs [corresponding to the 1 bits] and four weak RSs [corresponding to the 0 bits]. The strength / weakness may be based, for example, on the RSRP threshold / relative value. One RS may be transmitted using 5 of the 15 beams. Six RSs may be transmitted in chronological order. 【0085】 ◆Features: The codebook size is C(m,n)=C(6,2)=15. Using this code, 15 beams may be represented by 6 RSs. 【0086】 ◆Features: Since C(6,2)=C(6,4)=15, m≦floor(n / 2) is also acceptable. 【0087】 ◆Features: In the ideal case, once two RSs are successfully detected, the UE can identify the beam and does not need to wait for further reception. 【0088】 ◆Features: The number of RSs n=6 and the number of beams 15 may be set by RRC IE. The encoding scheme (table) may be specified in the specifications or notified by a bitmap. 【0089】 According to Embodiment A1, the beam index and DL RS resources are appropriately mapped, and the latency for beam searching can be reduced. 【0090】 <Embodiment A2> The UE may be a code generated using a polynomial of length n that spans a finite field (Galois field, GF). The cardinality of the finite field may be a power of a prime number. 【0091】 The coding for this classification may be Reed-Solomon coding. This coding (RS coding and CRC) can address issue 2. The error correction / detection capability of this coding can improve the robustness of decoding in fading / noisy channels. 【0092】 The codeword for mapping between beam indexes and DL RS resources may be given by the following formula E1. 【0093】 The codeword is given by the product of a generator matrix of length n and n x k columns, and a message of length k (a column vector of k rows). The generator matrix is ​​defined by a polynomial of degree less than k. 【0094】 The message, codeword, and generator matrix are represented by q-bit elements, and all elements (value, number, symbol, word) have a cardinality of 2. q It is obtained from the elements (alphabetical characters). k < n ≤ 2 q That's fine. 【0095】 The message may represent a beam [index] (a bit sequence before encoding). The message consists of kq bits, 2 kq It may indicate one beam [index] among the individual beams. 【0096】 A codeword may represent a [transmit] RS pattern (the encoded bit sequence indicating which RS is to be transmitted). A codeword may have nq bits. Each bit in a codeword may indicate whether or not an RS is to be transmitted [in the corresponding RS resource]. 【0097】 <<Example A2-1>> The codeword may be generated as follows: ◆For n=8, k=3, q=3, 2 q=The 8 [decimal] elements may be {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}. ◆An n x k (8 x 3) matrix A is represented by elements of q=3 bits each, and using all entries of element {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}, the polynomial P(x) = b0 + b1x + b2x 2 Defined by: ◆ A base-8 message [with k elements * q bits = 3 * 3 = 9 bits] is binary [000, 110, 001] = decimal [0, 6, 1]. ◆ A base-8 codeword [with n elements * q bits = 8 * 3 = 24 bits] is decimal [0, 1, 6, 6, 7, 0, 1, 7]. ◆ This codeword is expressed using nq (= 24 = number of bits in the codeword) RSs. kq (=2 9 Represents ) beams. 【0098】 <<Example A2-2>> <<<Assumptions>>> Elements of a finite field can be represented by polynomials. All calculations (multiplication / division, addition / subtraction, remainder) follow the rules of polynomial algebra. Codeword generation may be based on several steps as follows: 【0099】 <<<Step 1>>> Step 1 gives a polynomial p(x) [having specific properties] for defining a finite field. That finite field conforms to the required codeword length and message length. 【0100】 polynomial p(x)=x 3 +x+1 is a finite field (GF(2)) with 8 elements. 3 )) defines zero is always one element. The remaining non-zero elements are {a 0 ,a 1 ,a 2 ,a 3 ,a 4 ,a 5 ,a 6 Here, a is p(x)=a 3 The equation +a+1=0 is satisfied. That is, a 3 =-(a+1)=a+1. 【0101】Figure 9 shows an example of element transformation in Step 1. Each q (=3) bit element (index) i in the message is in the polynomial form a i It can be expressed as a 3 = a+1 i to a j By converting to [binary / decimal] element j, the element is converted to a binary / decimal representation. The representation of the binary / decimal element is not unique. Different binary / decimal representations of the element may be used. 【0102】 <<<Step 2>>> Step 2 gives another polynomial P(x) [(k-1)=2] for generating a codeword from the information bits / message. 【0103】 The polynomial is P(x)=m (k-1) x (k-1) +...+m1x 1 +m0=m2x 2 The equation is +m1x+m0. [m2,m1,m0] represents the information bits / message. 【0104】 If the message [m2,m1,m0] = binary [001,110,010] = decimal [1,6,2], then using the conversion in step 1, the polynomial P(x) = m2x 2 +m1+m0=2・x 2 +6x+1=ax 2 +(a 2 +a)・x+1. Using the polynomial P(x), as in the following equation E2, the codeword c=[c0,c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7]=[P(0),P(a 0 ), P(a 1 ), P(a 2 ), P(a 3 ), P(a 4 ), P(a 5 ), P(a 6 ), P(a 7 )] = [1, 5, 5, 4, 1, ...] is obtained. 【0105】 According to Embodiment A2, the beam index and DL RS resources are appropriately mapped, and beam detection errors can be reduced. 【0106】 <Embodiment A3> The UE may be a code that includes one or more CRC bits. 【0107】 Figure 10 shows an example of CRC attachment in a codeword according to Embodiment A3. Multiple CRCs (parity bits) are calculated from multiple input bits and attached to those input bits (for example, attached after those input bits). 【0108】 Multiple input bits may represent a beam [index] (a bit sequence before encoding). 【0109】 A codeword may include multiple input bits followed by a CRC. A codeword may indicate a [transmit] RS pattern (the encoded bit sequence indicating which RS is to be transmitted). The value of each bit in the codeword may indicate whether or not an RS is to be transmitted [in the corresponding RS resource / occasion]. 【0110】 The encoding scheme may be defined in the specification using the following [CRC generation] polynomial E3. 【0111】 The encoding may be performed in a systematic form. This may mean that, within GF(2), when the following polynomial E4 is divided by the corresponding CRC generating polynomial, it yields a remainder equal to 0. 【0112】 According to Embodiment A3, the beam index and DL RS resources are appropriately mapped, and beam detection errors can be reduced. 【0113】 <Embodiment A4> The UE may be assumed to be at least one of the following multiple reference numerals x: ◆Reference numeral 1: At least one reference numeral from Embodiments A1 to A3. ◆Reference numeral 2: One-hot code (existing beam sweeping). ◆Reference numeral 3: Dual-rail codes. 【0114】The code may be combined with at least one of the following techniques y: ◆Technology 1: Interleaving ◆Technology 2: Shortening ◆Technology 3: Puncturing ◆Technology 4: M-ary code ◆Technology 5: Augmentation of multiple codes ◆Technology 6: Concatenation of multiple codes 【0115】 Code construction techniques can provide several required properties, which may include, for example, easy implementation of beam alignment (more (narrower) beams, synthesis of multiple beams), flexible RS setting, adjustable RS overhead, and better decoding performance. 【0116】 <<Technology 1>> The procedure based on Technique 1 may involve rearranging the bits within a single [transmit] RS pattern (codeword) [based on any of the aforementioned multiple codes x]. For example, this procedure may involve changing the order of the columns in a matrix (table) showing multiple [transmit] RS patterns [corresponding to multiple beams]. The result obtained by this procedure may be equivalent to an encoded [transmit] RS pattern. 【0117】 Based on Embodiment A1 (2-out-of-6 coding), if each [transmit] RS pattern / beam is represented by 6 RSs and a matrix showing 8 RS patterns (Figure 11) is obtained, a new [transmit] RS pattern can be obtained by swapping the columns of that matrix, as shown in Figure 12. 【0118】 <<Technology 2>> The procedure based on Technique 2 may reduce the number of [transmit] RS patterns (codewords) [based on any of the aforementioned multiple codes x] and use fewer [transmit] RS patterns / beams. For example, this procedure may remove some rows from a matrix (table) showing multiple [transmit] RS patterns [corresponding to multiple beams]. This procedure allows for adjustment of the coding rate. 【0119】Based on Embodiment A1 (2-out-of-6 coding), if each [transmit] RS pattern / beam is represented by 6 RSs and a matrix showing 8 [transmit] RS patterns is obtained, then, as shown in the example in Figure 13, 5 [transmit] RS patterns are obtained by deleting 3 rows from that matrix. 【0120】 <<Technology 3>> The procedure based on Technique 3 may reduce the RS in one [transmit] RS pattern (codeword) [based on any of the aforementioned multiple codes x], and use fewer RS. For example, this procedure may remove some columns from a matrix (table) showing multiple [transmit] RS patterns [corresponding to multiple beams]. This procedure can adjust the coding rate. 【0121】 Based on Embodiment A1 (2-out-of-6 coding), if each [transmit] RS pattern / beam is represented by 6 RSs and a matrix showing 8 [transmit] RS patterns is obtained, then, as shown in the example in Figure 14, by deleting one column from that matrix, a [transmit] RS pattern having 5 RSs is obtained. 【0122】 <<Technology 4>> The procedure based on Technique 4 may encode the beam index using an M-ary code. For example, this procedure may extend the code [of any of the above-mentioned codes x] to a non-binary code. 【0123】 As shown in the example in Figure 15, based on Embodiment A2 (Reed-Solomon coding), the beam index is encoded into 2-bit 4-ary Reed-Solomon code [1,0,2,1], and the result is converted to binary code to obtain the [transmit] RS pattern [0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1]. 【0124】<<Technology 5>> The procedure based on Technology 5 may extend the beam index to multiple codes. For example, this procedure may divide the beam index into two bit sequences, the first bit sequence of the two bit sequences may be encoded into a first [transmit] RS pattern indicating one RS, and the second bit sequence of the two bit sequences may be encoded into a second [transmit] RS pattern indicating multiple RSs [using one of the multiple codes x described above]. The first [transmit] RS pattern may be a one-hot code indicating one resource among multiple existing SSB resources. The second [transmit] RS pattern may be a [transmit] RS pattern indicating multiple resources among multiple CSI-RS resources. This procedure can address issue 3. 【0125】 As shown in the example in Figure 16, using an 8-bit beam index, 2 8 256 beams may be represented. The upper 3 bits (3 MSBs) of the beam index may be encoded into an 8-bit first [transmit] RS pattern, and the lower 5 bits (5 LSBs) of that beam index may be encoded into an 8-bit second [transmit] RS pattern [using one of the aforementioned multiple codes x] [using a coding rate of 5 / 8]. The 8-bit first [transmit] RS pattern may correspond to 8 existing SSB [resources / occasions] [via beam sweeping]. The value of each bit in the first [transmit] RS pattern may indicate whether or not an SSB is transmitted [in the corresponding resource / occasion]. The 8-bit second [transmit] RS pattern may correspond to 8 CSI-RS [resources / occasions]. The value of each bit in the second [transmit] RS pattern may indicate whether or not a CSI-RS is transmitted [in the corresponding resource / occasion]. 【0126】 <<Technology 6>> The procedure based on Technology 6 may involve combining multiple codes [obtained by any of the aforementioned multiple codes x] and encoding the result [using any of the aforementioned multiple codes x]. 【0127】As shown in the example in Figure 17, the transmitted beam index may be encoded by an outer encoder, and the result may be encoded by an inner encoder to obtain the [transmit] RS pattern. Alternatively, the received / detected [receive] RS pattern may be decoded by an inner decoder, and the result may be decoded by an outer decoder to obtain the beam index. 【0128】 External / internal encoders / decoders may be coding / decoding algorithms described in the form of pseudocode portions, coding / decoding formulas described in the form of several mathematical formulas, or coding / decoding tables described in the form of mapping tables. 【0129】 As mentioned above, which codes are applied / used may be defined / described in the specification by mapping tables / generating formulas / encoding procedures / decoding procedures, or may be set / indicated / determined by relevant higher-layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI, or a combination of such definition / description and such setting / indication / determination. 【0130】 According to Embodiment A4, the beam index and DL RS resources can be flexibly mapped. 【0131】 <Issue B1> To support NR-compatible UEs that do not have decoding capabilities, a CSI-RS [transmit] RS pattern can be assumed that uses codes with Hamming weights of 4 or less. The UE is configured to report 4 or fewer CRIs, and the gNB can decode the beam index based on that report. 【0132】 The reuse of the NR beam reporting mechanism imposes limitations on the available RS and coding schemes. The only available RS is CSI-RS, and the only available coding schemes are those with Hamming weights of 4 or less. 【0133】<Example B> In Example B of Figure 18, multiple beam indices are mapped to six CSI-RSs using a 2-out-of-6 code (Hamming weight = 2) (encoded mapping). As in the example of Figure 19, each CSI-RS transmits using multiple beams corresponding to a portion of the multiple beam indices according to its encoded mapping. The UE detects the two CSI-RSs with the best RSRP among the six CSI-RSs and reports two CRIs corresponding to those two CSI-RSs. The gNB decodes the beam indices corresponding to those two CRIs. The gNB transmits the DL channel / signal using the beams corresponding to those beam indices. 【0134】 <Embodiment B1> This embodiment may assume at least one of the following assumptions: ◆ The UE is RRC connected (in RRC_CONNECTED mode). ◆ The UE does not know the mapping / code (encoded mapping) between the beam index and the RS resource, and cannot decode that mapping / code. 【0135】 The UE may configure groups of M [DL]RS resource settings (M≧1) for beam measurement / reporting. Each setting may represent multiple DL RS resources of the same type. 【0136】 This embodiment may be based on at least one of the following multiple embodiments B1-x. 【0137】 <<Embodiment B1-1>> In M RS resource settings, the resource types (RS types) may be the same or different. The resource types may be, for example, SSB or CSI-RS. For example, the M RS resource settings may include resource setting #1 for SSB and resource setting #2 for CSI-RS. 【0138】<<Embodiment B1-2>> The UE may expect that one transmission occasion of M RS resource settings will be transmitted within a given time interval. For example, the time interval may be T set / defined symbols / slots / frames. 【0139】 <<Embodiment B1-3>> At least one of the following parameters may be reused from an existing design. 【0140】 ◆Time-domain behavior. That is, periodic / semi-persistent / aperiodic resource configuration. 【0141】 ◆Repetition. That is, repetition may be set to on or off, or repetition may not be set at all. For example, beam sweeping on the UE side may be supported by using the NR design and setting 'repetition' to 'on'. 【0142】 ◆Resource mapping patterns and time / frequency domain offsets. That is, multiple resources can be TDM / FDM / interleaved. 【0143】 ◆Power control parameters. 【0144】 <<Embodiment B1-4>> The UE may optionally (as an optional function) set an RSRP / DL path loss threshold associated with each of the multiple DL RS resource settings. The threshold may be defined by a power difference referencing another source RS. When the UE attempts to decode the beam index or attempts to determine which RS resources should be reported, it may ignore DL RS resources that have an RSRP / DL path loss lower than that threshold. 【0145】 According to Embodiment B1, even a UE who is unaware of the coding mapping can appropriately report for a larger number of beams. 【0146】 <Embodiment B2> When the UE is configured based on Embodiment B1, in a single reporting instance, the corresponding RS resource settings {N1,...,N m ,...,NM} resources may be reported. That is, UE may report N for the mth RS resource setting. m You may report the index / measurement results for a specific number of resources. 【0147】 This embodiment may be based on at least one of the following multiple embodiments B2-x. 【0148】 <<Embodiment B2-1>> Reported {N1,...,N M The} resources may be configured individually for each RS resource setting. For example, resource setting #1 may be configured to report N1=1 resource out of 8 SSBs, and resource setting #2 may be configured to report N2=4 resources out of 8 SSBs. 【0149】 <<Embodiment B2-2>> The UE may optionally be configured (as an optional function) to always report a subset of RS resources (one or more RS resources indicated by the report). Always reporting a subset of RS resources may be configured individually for each resource setting. 【0150】 For example, the UE may be configured to always report the RS resource corresponding to the CRC bit. The CRC bit may be added to the input bits indicating the beam index / [transmit] RS pattern to generate the [transmit] RS pattern that is actually transmitted. In the example in Figure 20, RS#0 to #6 correspond to seven input bits, and RS#7 to #9 correspond to three CRC bits calculated based on the input bits. The 10-bit [transmit] RS pattern obtained by adding the CRC is actually transmitted. The 10-bit [transmit] RS pattern may each correspond to one of ten RS [resources / occasions]. The value of each bit in the [transmit] RS pattern may indicate whether or not an RS is transmitted in the corresponding [resource / occasion]. 【0151】 <<Embodiment B2-3>> Based on the set / defined threshold, the UE is up to (N mIt may be optionally configured (as an optional feature) to report +X) RS resources. For example, UE may report N m If more than X RS resources have an RSRP / SINR higher than the threshold, X additional RS resources may be reported to improve the decoding accuracy of the gNB. 【0152】 <<Embodiment B2-4>> At least one of the following parameters may be reused from an existing design. 【0153】 ◆Report contents and criteria. Specifically, the RS resource index with the highest RSRP / SINR and its RSRP / SINR value may be reported. 【0154】 ◆Time-domain behavior. That is, periodic / semi-persistent / aperiodic reporting. 【0155】 <Example B1> Example B1 is based on Embodiments B1 and B2. 【0156】 Embodiments B1 and B2 can support at least one of the following features: ◆ Joint use of multiple different types of RS. ◆ Expansion of the number of beams without changing the existing RS resource settings. For example, the existing RS resource settings can configure at least one of up to 64 SSBs and up to 128 CSI-RSs. ◆ Coexistence with existing UEs. 【0157】 As shown in the example in Figure 21, multiple new CSI-RS signals may be transmitted after multiple existing SSB signals within an SSB burst period (e.g., 20 ms). An existing UE may receive only the existing SSB set. An NR-compatible UE [without decoding capability] and a new UE [with decoding capability] may receive both the existing SSB set and the new RS set. 【0158】 In the example shown in Figure 22, the beam index is represented by 8 bits and is divided into a first index consisting of the upper 3 bits (3 MSBs) and a second index consisting of the lower 5 bits (5 LSBs). 【0159】The second index may be encoded into an 8-bit [transmit] RS pattern using a 4-out-of-8 code with Hamming weight = 4, code length = 8, and coding rate 5 / 8. 5 Eight CSI-RS signals may be transmitted according to a 32x8 matrix corresponding to 32 values ​​and eight CSI-RS signals. The beam used for each CSI-RS may be based on the corresponding column. 【0160】 [NR Compatible / New] The UE may receive resource setting #1 and resource setting #2. Resource setting #1 indicates an SSB resource set using 8 existing SSBs and a reporting RS number N1=1. Resource setting #2 indicates a CSI-RS resource set using 8 CSI-RSs and a reporting RS number N2=1. In the SSB resource set, 2 3 =Eight SSBs are transmitted, each corresponding to one of the eight beams. In the CSI-RS resource set, 2 5 Eight CSI-RS signals are transmitted, corresponding to 32 beams. 【0161】 The UE may detect N1=1 of the 8 SSBs and report the SSB resource index (SSBRI) corresponding to that one SSB, or it may detect N2=4 of the 8 CSI-RSs and report the CSI-RS resource index (CRI) corresponding to those 4 CSI-RSs. 【0162】 The gNB can recognize the first index by the reported SSBRI, the second index by decoding the four reported CRIs, and the 8-bit beam index from the first and second indices. Thus, the gNB can recognize the first index by the reported SSBRI, the second index by decoding the reported CRIs, and the 8-bit beam index from the first and second indices. 8 = From 256 beams, one beam selected by the UE can be identified. 【0163】In this example, for the beam index binary [0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0] = decimal #114, the first index is binary [0,1,1] = decimal #3, and the second index is binary [1,0,0,1,0] = decimal #18. In this example, the 5-bit second index [1,0,0,1,0] is encoded into an 8-bit [transmit] RS pattern [0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1]. The UE may also report N1 = 1 SSBRI #3 detected from 8 existing SSBs, and N2 = 4 CRIs [#1,#3,#5,#7] detected from 8 CSI-RSs. The gNB may decode the second index from N2=4 CRIs, obtain the first index from N1=1 SSBRI, and recognize beam index #114 from the first and second indices. 【0164】 <Example B2> <<Example B2-0>> As in Example B2-0 in Figure 23, when CSI-RS is transmitted using beam sweeping and the UE reports one best CRI, a CSI-RS corresponding to each beam index needs to be transmitted. The number of CSI-RS resources for Example B2-0 will be equal to the number of beam indices. 【0165】 <<Example B2-1>> Example B2-1 relates to RS resource settings for Embodiment B1. Example B2-1 may be implemented by an implementation based on Example B. 【0166】 As shown in Example B2-1 in Figure 24, six CSI-RSs are transmitted in six new CSI-RS resources using coding mapping. If the UE reports two CRIs corresponding to the two best CSI-RSs out of the six CSI-RSs, the gNB can decode the beam index from the codewords corresponding to the two CRIs. The number of CSI-RS resources for Example B2-1 can be less than the number of beam indices and less than the number of CSI-RS resources for Example B2-0. 【0167】<<Examples B2-2 and B2-3>> Examples B2-2 and B2-3 relate to RS resource settings for Embodiment B1. In Examples B2-2 and B2-3, the multiple SSBs and multiple CSI-RSs may be TDM / FDM / interleaved. 【0168】 As shown in Example B2-2 of Figure 25, RS setting #1 may indicate four existing SSBs, and RS setting #2 may indicate six new CSI-RSs using coded mapping (2-out-of-6 codes). Each existing SSB may be transmitted using one broad beam. Each new CSI-RS may be transmitted using multiple narrow beams [beam patterns]. The UE may transmit a beam report including one SSBRI corresponding to the best of the four existing SSBs and two CRIs corresponding to the best two of the six new CSI-RSs. The beam report may have multiple upper bits (MSBs) indicating the one SSBRI and multiple lower bits (LSBs) indicating the two CRIs. The gNB may identify a narrow beam corresponding to the beam index by decoding the beam index from the beam report, and then transmit the DL channel / signal using that narrow beam. 【0169】As shown in Example B2-3 of Figure 26, RS setting #1 may indicate four new SSBs using a first coding mapping (2-out-of-4 codes), and RS setting #2 may indicate six new CSI-RSs using a second coding mapping (2-out-of-6 codes). Each new SSB may be transmitted using two broad beams. Each new CSI-RS may be transmitted using multiple narrow beams [beam patterns]. The UE may transmit a beam report including two SSBRIs corresponding to the two best of the four new SSBs and two CRIs corresponding to the two best of the six new CSI-RSs. The beam report may have multiple upper bits (MSBs) indicating the two SSBRIs and multiple lower bits (LSBs) indicating the two CRIs. The gNB may identify a single narrow beam corresponding to its beam index by decoding the beam index from its beam report, and then use that single narrow beam to transmit the DL channel / signal. Four new SSBs may be used for initial access. In this case, the coding mapping of the new SSBs may be transparent to (or unrecognized by) NR-compatible / existing UEs. 【0170】<<Example B2-4>> Several examples of the following resource settings are possible: ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple existing SSBs [used for initial access]. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple new SSBs using the improved version [used for initial access]. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the improved version's UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1 showing multiple existing SSBs [used for initial access] and resource setting #2 showing multiple new SSBs using the improved version [used for initial access]. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the improved version's UE. ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple existing CSI-RS. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple new CSI-RS using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the NR-compatible UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple existing SSBs, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple existing CSI-RSs, used for initial access. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). Reports based on resource setting #1 and reports based on resource setting #2 are reported separately. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using the improved version, used for initial access, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple existing CSI-RSs. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the improved version UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple existing SSBs, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the NR-compatible UE.◆A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new SSBs using coding mapping, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the NR-compatible UE. ◆A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new CSI-RS #1s using coding mapping, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RS #2s using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the NR-compatible UE. 【0171】 <Issue B2> Existing QCL instructions cannot describe the spatial relationship between multiple RS resources [actually transmitted and measured] using coded mappings and the beams [predicted / estimated] for subsequent transmissions. 【0172】 A UE with beam sweeping capabilities cannot use existing QCL information to determine the beam for subsequent reception. 【0173】 According to Embodiment B2, even a UE that is unaware of the coding mapping can appropriately configure / instruct RS resources for reporting for more beams. 【0174】 <Embodiment B3> In this embodiment, the following may be assumed: ◆The UE can store QCL information for multiple TCI states and a specific time period. 【0175】 The UE may configure the DL RS / channel with QCL / power information based on at least one of the following multiple embodiments B3-x. 【0176】<<Embodiment B3-1>> The RS / channel may be QCL'd with multiple source RSs. The multiple source RSs may be multiple DL RSs using coding mapping. For example, the target DL RS / channel is QCL'd with four new CSI-RSs [using coding mapping]. For example, the target DL RS / channel is QCL'd with one existing SSB and four new CSI-RSs [using coding mapping]. 【0177】 <<Embodiment B3-2>> The applicable QCL types may include at least one of the following multiple QCL types: ◆ QCL type D ('type D'). ◆ Novel QCL types that represent partial QCL relationships. For example, QCL type E ('type E'). 【0178】 <<Embodiment B3-3>> Multiple QCL types may be the same for all source RSs. 【0179】 <<Embodiment B3-4>> The UE may provide a power offset between the target DL RS and the source RS. For example, if the beam pattern mapped to one new CSI-RS by coding mapping has four [narrow] beams, a power offset of -6 dB may be provided. 【0180】 <Example B3> <<Example B3-1>> The best [narrow] beam for the UE may be QCLed with multiple novel CSI-RS resources (beam patterns) using coded mapping. 【0181】In Example B3-1 of Figure 27, each of the new CSI-RS resources #0 to #5 uses a beam pattern of multiple [narrow] beams based on coded mapping. Based on the reception of new CSI-RS resources #0 to #5, the UE reports CRI #0 and #3 corresponding to new CSI-RS resources #0 and #3 that have good [RSRP]. The gNB decodes / infers / estimates the [narrow] beam [index] #3 from CRI #0 and #3 based on coded mapping. The [narrow] beam #3 is mapped to new CSI-RS resources #0 and #3 by coded mapping and QCLed with new CSI-RS resources #0 and #3. 【0182】 <<Example B3-2>> In advanced UEs (NR-compatible UEs / new UEs), the new QCL type may support fine beam adjustment on the UE side. 【0183】 As shown in Example B3-2 of Figure 28, if the gNB transmits the beam pattern of a new CSI-RS resource #1 based on the coded mapping, the UE may use beam #a for reception. If the gNB transmits the beam pattern of a new CSI-RS resource #4 based on the coded mapping, the UE may use beam #b for reception. If the gNB transmits the [narrow] beam #3 inferred by decoding the CRI report, the UE may use the beam obtained by combining beams #a and #b for reception. 【0184】 According to Embodiment B3, even a UE that is unaware of the coding mapping can appropriately utilize the RS resources for reporting for more beams and the QCL relationship between the channel / RS using the beams. 【0185】<Embodiment C1> This embodiment may assume at least one of the following assumptions: ◆ The UE is RRC connected (in RRC_CONNECTED mode) or connected using individual carriers. Individual carriers may be carriers for at least one of the following: carrier detection, synchronization, reception of system information, and initial access / random access procedures, such as perch / anchor carriers. ◆ The UE knows the mapping / code (encoded mapping) between the beam index and the new RS resource and can decode that mapping / code. 【0186】 If the UE has set up a group of M≧1 DL RS resource settings for beam measurement / reporting, as in Embodiment B1, the UE may report N beam indices, assuming a mapping / coding (encoding scheme) between multiple beam indices and multiple received RS resources. This embodiment may be based on at least one of the following multiple embodiments C1-x. 【0187】 <<Embodiment C1-1>> The mapping / reference numeral may be one of the multiple reference numerals in Embodiments A0 to A4. 【0188】 <<Embodiment C1-2>> The UE may estimate / predict beam quality [quantity] and report the beam quality [quantity] associated with each reported beam index. One or more reported quantities may be derived from measurements of multiple RS resources. One or more reported quantities may include at least one of the following quantities: ◆ RSRP / SINR / RSRQ values; ◆ Reference threshold / power ratio to RS; ◆ An indicator of 0 or 1 [indicating whether the beam quality meets a condition]. The condition may be that the beam quality exceeds (is greater than or equal to) a threshold. 【0189】<<Embodiment C1-3>> The report may be a P / SP / AP CSI report set by gNB, or it may be a report initiated / triggered by a UE / event (event-triggered report). The details may be based on Embodiment C3 described below. 【0190】 <<Embodiment C1-4>> The UE may optionally trigger a decoding failure [recovery] procedure (as an optional function). The details thereof may be based on Embodiments C4 / C5 described below. The decoding failure [recovery] procedure may include information / reporting / requests for failure (failure) [recovery] of decoding / determination of the beam index. 【0191】 <Example C1> <<Example C1-1>> The UE may decode the beam index from unquantized measurements of multiple RS resources using coded mapping. The RS resource configuration may be based on at least one of Embodiments B1 to B3. The UE may estimate the beam quality of the reported beam based on the measurements. 【0192】 In Example C1-1 of Figure 29, the gNB transmits six CSI-RSs in six new CSI-RS resources using coding mapping, similar to Example B2-1. The UE measures the RSRP for each CSI-RS, decodes the beam index from the six RSRPs based on the coding mapping, and reports the beam index. The gNB transmits the DL channel / RS using the [narrow] beam corresponding to that beam index. 【0193】<<Example C1-2>> Several examples of the following resource settings are possible: ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple existing SSBs [used for initial access]. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple new SSBs using the improved version [used for initial access]. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the improved version's UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1 showing multiple existing SSBs [used for initial access] and resource setting #2 showing multiple new SSBs using the improved version [used for initial access]. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification), but is supported by the improved version's UE. ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple existing CSI-RS. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). ◆ Resource setting #1 showing multiple new CSI-RS using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the new UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple existing SSBs, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple existing CSI-RSs, used for initial access. This resource setting is supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification). Reports based on resource setting #1 and reports based on resource setting #2 are reported separately. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using the improved version, used for initial access, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple existing CSI-RSs. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the improved version UE. ◆ A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple existing SSBs, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the new UE.◆A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new SSBs using coding mapping, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RSs using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the new UE. ◆A combination of resource setting #1, which indicates multiple new CSI-RS #1s using coding mapping, and resource setting #2, which indicates multiple new CSI-RS #2s using coding mapping. This resource setting is not supported by the existing UE (existing NR specification) but is supported by the new UE. 【0194】 According to Embodiment C1, the novel UE can appropriately report beam indices from a larger number of beams. 【0195】 <Embodiment C2> The UE may expect / assume that the DL RS / channel is QCL'd with the beam reported [based on Embodiment C1]. The DL RS / channel may be a QCL target for multiple source RSs (and may be QCL'd with multiple source RSs) as described in Embodiment B3. 【0196】 The applicable QCL types may include at least one of the following QCL types: ◆ QCL type D ('type D'). ◆ A novel QCL type representing a partial QCL relationship, for example, QCL type E ('type E'). 【0197】 In Embodiment B3, the UE reports the detected RS and does not report the [narrow] beam. The [narrow] beam used by the gNB may be QCL with the reported RS. 【0198】 In Embodiment C2, the UE reports a [narrow] beam based on the detected RS. This [narrow] beam can be set as a QCL source and may be QCL'd with the detected RS. 【0199】<Embodiment C2a> The UE may expect / assume the following features: ◆ A reported beam and QCL-enabled DL RS / channel are configured within band / CC#1. ◆ A group of M≧1 DL RS resource settings, as in Embodiment B1, is configured within band / CC#2-1, #2-2, ..., #2-M. 【0200】 UE may assume or set one of the following relationships between bands / CC#1, #2-1, #2-2, ..., #2-M: ◆ Bands / CC#1, #2-1, #2-2, ..., #2-M are the same. ◆ Bands / CC#1, #2-1, #2-2, ..., #2-M are within a specific band / CC combination. ◆ Bands / CC#1, #2-1, #2-2, ..., #2-M can be different without any constraints. 【0201】 According to Embodiment C2 / Embodiment C2a, the novel UE can determine beam indices from a larger number of beams and appropriately assume the QCL relationship between the source RS of that beam index and a specific channel / RS. 【0202】 <Embodiment C3> If beam measurement / reporting is configured as described in Embodiment C1, the UE may be configured to trigger a reporting instance when at least one of the following multiple conditions x is met (i.e., the measurement result satisfies at least one of the following multiple conditions x). 【0203】 ◆Condition 1: At least N min Successful decoding of the individual beam indices. Here, 1 ≤ N min ≤N. For example, an m-out-of-n code allows decoding of m successfully received RS resources. 【0204】 ◆Condition 2: At least M min Receiving / detecting individual RS resources. Here, 1 ≤ M min ≤M. 【0205】 ◆Condition 3: At least M' min Receiving / detecting a number of consecutive RS resources. Here, 1 ≤ M'min ≤M. The condition may be that the UE detects a [received] RS pattern and that the [received] RS pattern has non-zero bits corresponding to two consecutive RS resources [having the best two RSRPs], as in the example of Figure 30. The condition may be that the UE, based on the coding mapping, has i to i+M', as in the example of Figure 31. min M' indexed down to -1 min It may also be possible to receive individual RS resources (M' min =6). In this example, UE is M' with a time interval τ. min The beam index may be decoded and reported based on the RS resource having the two best RSRPs among the individual RS resources. 【0206】 According to Embodiment C3, the new UE can appropriately trigger the reporting of beam indices from a greater number of beams. 【0207】 <Issue C4> When multiple non-periodic RS resources are configured based on coding mapping, decoding attempts may fail due to channel fading and at least one of noise / interference. 【0208】 <Embodiment C4> If beam measurement / reporting is configured as in Embodiment C1, the UE may trigger a decoding failure [recovery] procedure if at least one of the following multiple conditions x is met. 【0209】 ◆Condition 1: At least N min Failure (malfunction) in decoding the beam index of a given number. Here, 1 ≤ N min ≤N. 【0210】 ◆Condition 2: At least M min Failure (failure) to receive / discover an individual RS resource. Here, 1 ≤ M min ≤M. 【0211】 ◆Condition 3: At least M' min Failure (failure) to receive / detect a number of consecutive RS resources. Here, 1 ≤ M' min ≤M. 【0212】According to Embodiment C3, the novel UE can appropriately handle / recover from failures in decoding beam indices from a larger number of beams. 【0213】 <Embodiment C5> As in Embodiment C4, if the UE triggers a decryption failure [recovery] procedure, the UE may perform at least one of the following multiple behaviors x in the configured P / SP / AP reporting instance. 【0214】 ◆Behavior 1 The UE reports a flag indicating whether the report is valid or invalid (ACK or NACK). The reported flag may include a message indicating the reason for the failure. The reason for the failure may include at least one of conditions 1 to 3 in Embodiment C4. 【0215】 ◆Behavior 2 The UE reports a defined / configured number of received / detected RS resources [indexes]. For example, the UE may report one or more RS resources [indexes] in the same manner as an existing UE, or it may report one or more RS resources [indexes] based on at least one of Embodiments B1 to B3. 【0216】 ◆Behavior 3 That UE is N that successfully decoded r <N min The number of beam indices, the estimated beam quality corresponding to each beam index, and several N r And, I report this. 【0217】◆Behavior 4 The UE requests retransmission of multiple RS resources. This behavior may be based on at least one of the following features: —◆The retransmission request may include at least one of the following pieces of information x: —◆Information 1: The retransmission request message. —◆Information 2: The beam quality of the received / detected RS resource. —◆Information 3: The RS resource [index] that is to be retransmitted. —◆The RS resource to be retransmitted may include at least one of the following pieces of resource x: —◆Resource 1: A subset of multiple RS resources using the same code / encoding mapping. —◆Resource 2: Multiple RS resources using a different code / encoding mapping. —◆Resource 3: Multiple existing (non-encoding-mapped) RS resources. 【0218】 According to Embodiment C3, the novel UE can appropriately report / recover from failures in decoding beam indices from a larger number of beams. 【0219】 <Supplement> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the embodiments described above, notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE (in other words, reception of any information from the BS at the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof. 【0220】 If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader. 【0221】If the above notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, or the format of the DCI. 【0222】 Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. 【0223】 <<Notification of Information from UE>> Notification of any information from the UE to the NW in the embodiments described above (in other words, transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof. 【0224】 If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new LCID not specified in existing standards in the MAC subheader. 【0225】 If the above notice is made by the UCI, the notice may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH. 【0226】 Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic. 【0227】<<Regarding the application of each embodiment>> In UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied (or used) if any or more of the following conditions are met: - A higher-layer parameter indicating the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is set; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on the relevant higher-layer parameter; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is designated / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / Resource / Channel / RS; - A specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is reported or supported; - The application of the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on specific conditions. 【0228】 The above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may include at least one of the following: • Supporting the above-mentioned specific processing / operation / control / assumment / information; • Supporting beam measurement / reporting based on RSRP / SINR / RSRQ; • Supporting beam sweeping; • Supporting the storage of QCL information for multiple TCI states over a specific time period. 【0229】 Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that applies across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), a capability per frequency (e.g., one or a combination thereof, such as cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), a capability per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), a capability per subcarrier spacing (SCS), a capability per feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC), or a capability per functionality / model. 【0230】Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes regardless of the duplexing scheme), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)). 【0231】 If the above conditions are not met, UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases. 【0232】 (Note) The following inventions are added with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure (in particular, embodiments C1 to C5). <Note 1> A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives a plurality of reference signals in at least some of a plurality of reference signal resources; and a control unit that determines the index of a beam in a plurality of beams greater than the number of the plurality of reference signal resources based on the measurement results of the at least some of the reference signal resources, and controls the transmission of a report including the index. <Note 2> The terminal according to Note 1, wherein the control unit assumes that a particular downlink signal is quasi co-located (QCL) with the beam. <Note 3> The terminal according to Note 1 or Note 2, wherein the control unit triggers the report if the measurement result satisfies a condition. <Note 4> The terminal according to any one of Notes 1 to 3, wherein the control unit controls the transmission of information regarding an impediment to the determination of the index from the measurement result if the measurement result satisfies a condition. <Supplement> The terminal may be a user terminal 20. The receiving unit may be a transmitting / receiving unit 220. The control unit may be a control unit 210. <Note A> A base station having a transmitting unit that transmits multiple reference signals in a plurality of reference signal resources, and a control unit that controls the reception of a report of the index of a specific number of reference signal resources that have measurement results that satisfy a condition among the plurality of reference signal resources, and notifies a beam based on the report. <Supplement> The base station may be a base station 10. The transmitting unit may be a transmitting / receiving unit 120. The control unit may be a control unit 110. 【0233】(Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure, or a combination thereof. 【0234】 Figure 32 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be simply called system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 【0235】 Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like. 【0236】 In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN. 【0237】The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))). 【0238】 The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10. 【0239】 The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called a supercell, for example) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called subcells, for example). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell whose physical range fluctuates quasi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system. 【0240】 The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC). 【0241】Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz. Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be in a frequency band higher than FR2. 【0242】 Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate in each CC using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD). 【0243】 Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node. 【0244】 Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc. 【0245】The core network 30 may include network functions (NF) such as User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Multiple functions may be provided by a single network node. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may occur via the DN. 【0246】 The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc. 【0247】 In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-OFDM), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL). 【0248】The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods. 【0249】 In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, which is shared by each user terminal 20. 【0250】 Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20. 【0251】 User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH. 【0252】 Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH. 【0253】Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH may be read as DL data, and PUSCH may be read as UL data. 【0254】 PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. A UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a given search space based on the search space configuration. 【0255】 A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0256】 PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment information (for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell. 【0257】In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted from the names of various channels. 【0258】 In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, the DL-RS may include a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. 【0259】 The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. Note that SS, SSB, etc. may also be called reference signals. 【0260】 Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) may include a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called a user-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal). 【0261】(Base Station) Figure 33 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, the transmitting / receiving unit 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided. 【0262】 In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted. 【0263】 The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure. 【0264】 The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 120, transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, etc. 【0265】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure. 【0266】The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123. 【0267】 The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna. 【0268】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc. 【0269】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam. 【0270】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted. 【0271】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal. 【0272】The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130. 【0273】 On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130. 【0274】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc. 【0275】 The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110. 【0276】The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20. 【0277】 In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140. 【0278】 The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a Radio Unit (RU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level physical layer functions (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions. 【0279】 In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In this disclosure, base station 10 may be interpreted as RU / DU / CU. 【0280】 (User Terminal) Figure 34 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided. 【0281】In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted. 【0282】 The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure. 【0283】 The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220. 【0284】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure. 【0285】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223. 【0286】 The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna. 【0287】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc. 【0288】The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam. 【0289】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210 to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted. 【0290】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal. 【0291】 Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel. 【0292】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. 【0293】 On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. 【0294】The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc. 【0295】 The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210. 【0296】 The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources may be, for example, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources may be at least one of the following: NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. CSI-IM may also be called CSI-Interference Management (IM), and may be interpreted interchangeably with Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0297】 In this disclosure, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 may be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. 【0298】(Hardware Configuration) The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment shows functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software. 【0299】 Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited. 【0300】 For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 35 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc. 【0301】In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices. 【0302】 For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, the processing may be performed by one processor, or it may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that the processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips. 【0303】 Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003. 【0304】 The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001. 【0305】Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly. 【0306】 The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. 【0307】 The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a Compact Disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a Digital Use Disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device. 【0308】The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated transmitting unit 120a (220a) and receiving unit 120b (220b). 【0309】 The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel). 【0310】 Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device. 【0311】Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components. 【0312】 Furthermore, devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be implemented using the functional block / hardware configuration described above. 【0313】 (Variations) Terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc. 【0314】 A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology. 【0315】Here, the neurology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neurology may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain. 【0316】 A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology. 【0317】 A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B. 【0318】 Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable. 【0319】For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing a TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe. 【0320】 Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this. 【0321】 TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI. 【0322】 Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled. 【0323】A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, mini slot, sub slot, slot, etc. 【0324】 Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more. 【0325】 A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology. 【0326】 Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks. 【0327】 One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc. 【0328】Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol. 【0329】 A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP. 【0330】 A BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE. 【0331】 At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP". 【0332】 The structures of wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within the TTI can be varied in various ways. 【0333】Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index. 【0334】 The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way. 【0335】 The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof. 【0336】 Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes. 【0337】 Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices. 【0338】Any information described in this disclosure (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) may be communicated from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE) that indicates / specifies (or relates to) the value of such any information, even if not specifically stated in the embodiments described above. 【0339】 Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof. 【0340】 Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Elements (CEs). 【0341】 Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information). 【0342】 The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value). 【0343】 Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name. 【0344】 Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium. 【0345】 The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations). 【0346】In this disclosure, terms such as “precoding,” “precoder,” “weight (precoding weight),” “quasi-co-location (QCL),” “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state),” “spatial relation,” “spatial domain filter,” “transmit power,” “phase rotation,” “antenna port,” “port,” “layer,” “number of layers,” “rank,” “resource,” “resource set,” “beam,” “beam width,” “beam angle,” “antenna,” “antenna element,” “panel,” “UE panel,” “transmitting entity,” and “receiving entity” may be used interchangeably. 【0347】 In this disclosure, "antenna port" may be interpreted interchangeably with "antenna port for any signal / channel" (e.g., a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, "resource" may be interpreted interchangeably with "resource for any signal / channel" (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). Resources may include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmit filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmit filter and a spatial domain receive filter. 【0348】 The above group may include, for example, at least one of the following: a spatial relationship group, a code division multiplexing (CDM) group, a reference signal (RS) group, a control resource set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, or a panel group. 【0349】 Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), and RS may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0350】 Furthermore, in this disclosure, TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0351】 Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0352】 In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0353】 Furthermore, the spatial relationship information Identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive as "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)," "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. 【0354】In this disclosure, terms such as “Base Station (BS),” “wireless base station,” “fixed station,” “NodeB,” “eNB (eNodeB),” “gNB (gNodeB),” “access point,” “Transmission Point (TP),” “Reception Point (RP),” “Transmission / Reception Point (TRP),” “panel,” “cell,” “sector,” “cell group,” “carrier,” and “component carrier” may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell. 【0355】 A base station may house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station may be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage. 【0356】 In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information. 【0357】 In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably. 【0358】A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term. 【0359】 At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc. 【0360】 The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands. 【0361】 The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor. 【0362】Figure 36 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60. 【0363】 The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user. 【0364】 The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). 【0365】 Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression amount signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression amount signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. 【0366】The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40. 【0367】 The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.). 【0368】 The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions. 【0369】The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40. 【0370】 The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20). 【0371】 The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include the information based on the above input. 【0372】 The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60). 【0373】 Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc., which are provided in the vehicle 40. 【0374】 Furthermore, the term "base station" in this disclosure may be interpreted as "user terminal." For example, the various aspects / embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be interpreted as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., may be interpreted as sidelink channel. 【0375】 Similarly, the term "user terminal" in this disclosure may be replaced with "base station." In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the same functions as the user terminal 20 described above. 【0376】 In this disclosure, operations performed by a base station may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network including one or more network nodes having base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof. 【0377】Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented. 【0378】 Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure is Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, systems utilizing Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon may also be applied. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G). 【0379】In this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on." 【0380】 Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Accordingly, the references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way. 【0381】 The term “determining” as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to mean judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, or inquiring (e.g., searching in tables, databases, or other data structures), ascertaining, etc. 【0382】 Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be considered as "judging (deciding)" things like receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). 【0383】Furthermore, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of some action. In this disclosure, “judgment (decision)” may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable with the actions described above. 【0384】 Furthermore, in this disclosure, “determine / determining” may be interpreted as “assume / assuming,” “expect / expecting,” or “consider / considering.” In addition, in this disclosure, “not expecting to do…” may be interpreted as “expecting not to do….” 【0385】 In this disclosure, "expect" may be rephrased as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (where "..." may be expressed as a that clause, an infinitive, etc.) may be rephrased as "be expected ..." or "do (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Similarly, "does not expect ..." may be rephrased as "be not expected ..." or "do not (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be rephrased as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station). 【0386】The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power. 【0387】 As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.” 【0388】 In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain. 【0389】 In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different." 【0390】 Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR. 【0391】In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural. 【0392】 In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest"). 【0393】 In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable. 【0394】In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Furthermore, A, B, etc., may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, or regular sentences depending on the context. The time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). Additionally, a time offset may be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" may be interpreted as "before / after the time offset when A occurs". The time offset (e.g., one or more symbols / slots) may be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information. 【0395】 In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any unit of time (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. 【0396】 Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The descriptions herein are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way to the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives multiple reference signals from at least some of the multiple reference signal resources; and a control unit that determines the index of a beam from a plurality of beams, which is greater than the number of the multiple reference signal resources, based on the measurement results of the at least some of the reference signal resources, and controls the transmission of a report including the index.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit assumes that a specific downlink signal is quasi-co-located (QCL) with the beam.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit triggers the report if the measurement result satisfies the conditions.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, if the measurement result satisfies the conditions, the control unit controls the transmission of information regarding the failure to determine the index from the measurement result.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: receiving multiple reference signals in at least some of a plurality of reference signal resources; controlling the transmission of a report of indices of a specific number of reference signal resources among the plurality of reference signal resources that have measurement results that satisfy a condition; and applying a beam notified in response to the report to the reception of a downlink.

6. A base station comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits multiple reference signals in multiple reference signal resources; and a control unit that controls the reception of reports of indices of a specific number of reference signal resources among the multiple reference signal resources that have measurement results that satisfy certain conditions, and notifies a beam based on the reports.

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