Loudspeaker structure
By incorporating intersecting drive components in the speaker structure and extending the beam length of the cantilever section, the problem of insufficient diaphragm vibration amplitude in miniaturized speakers was solved, resulting in higher sound pressure levels.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AAC KAITAI TECHNOLOGIES (WUHAN) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing loudspeakers, due to their miniaturized design, have limited diaphragm vibration amplitude, resulting in insufficient sound pressure level.
The first and second drive units are arranged in a cross configuration and are located above the cavity of the speaker structure. By maximizing the length of the beam in the cantilever section, the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm is increased.
For the same size, a loudspeaker can push a larger volume of air to produce a higher sound pressure level.
Smart Images
Figure CN2024140591_25062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
loudspeaker structure Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of acoustic and electronic technology, and in particular to a loudspeaker structure. Background Technology
[0002] A loudspeaker is a transducer that converts electrical signals into sound signals. The working principle of a loudspeaker is that audio electrical energy, through electromagnetic, piezoelectric, or electrostatic effects, causes its cone or diaphragm to vibrate and resonate with the surrounding air, thus producing sound.
[0003] Sound is formed by fluctuations in air pressure. A loudspeaker pushes a certain amount of air, causing pressure changes and thus producing a certain amount of sound (sound pressure level). Currently, due to miniaturized structural designs, the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm in a loudspeaker is limited, which in turn limits the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a loudspeaker structure that, without altering existing miniaturization practices, allows for a longer length of the driving component, resulting in a larger vibration amplitude and consequently a larger vibration amplitude of the diaphragm, thereby increasing the sound pressure level.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a loudspeaker structure, comprising: a substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, and a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other along a first direction; a diaphragm fixed to the first surface of the substrate, the diaphragm and the substrate forming a cavity; and a driving component located on the second surface, the driving component driving the diaphragm to vibrate; the driving component includes a first driving portion and a second driving portion, the first driving portion extending from the first end to the second end, and at least a portion of the first driving portion being located above the cavity, the second driving portion... A driving portion extends from the second end toward the first end, and at least a portion of the second driving portion is located above the cavity, wherein the first driving portion and the second driving portion located above the cavity are arranged intersectingly; a first transmission component is located within the cavity, the first transmission component corresponds to the first driving portion, one end of the first transmission component contacts the first driving portion, and the other end contacts the diaphragm; a second transmission component is located within the cavity, the second transmission component corresponds to the second driving portion, one end of the second transmission component contacts the second driving portion, and the other end contacts the diaphragm.
[0006] Preferably, the first driving part includes: a first fixing part that contacts the first end; and a plurality of spaced-apart first suspension parts, one end of each first suspension part being connected to the first fixing part and the other end of each first suspension part being contacted by the first transmission component; the second driving part includes: a second fixing part that contacts the second end; and a plurality of spaced-apart second suspension parts, one end of each second suspension part being connected to the second fixing part and the other end of each second suspension part being contacted by the second transmission component; the plurality of first suspension parts and the plurality of second suspension parts are arranged intersectingly.
[0007] Preferably, the first transmission component contacts the end of the first suspension portion away from the first end; the second transmission component contacts the end of the second suspension portion away from the second end.
[0008] Preferably, the orthographic projection of the first suspension portion on the diaphragm and the second end have a first preset range; the orthographic projection of the second suspension portion on the diaphragm and the first end have a second preset range.
[0009] Preferably, the diaphragm includes a first part, a second part, and a third part connected in sequence. The first part is located on the first surface, the third part is in contact with the first transmission component and the second transmission component, and the second part is located between the first part and the third part. The second part protrudes from the first part toward the first driving part or from the first part toward a direction away from the first driving part.
[0010] Preferably, the first part, the second part, and the third part are integrally formed organic membranes.
[0011] Preferably, at least one of the first part and the second part is an organic membrane, and the third part is a rigid membrane.
[0012] Preferably, it further includes: a reinforcing diaphragm, the reinforcing diaphragm being located on the side of the third part away from the cavity.
[0013] Preferably, the first driving part includes a stacked support layer, a bottom electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, a top electrode layer, and a protective layer.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The speaker structure of the present invention is provided with a driving component that is in indirect contact with the diaphragm. The driving component includes a first driving part and a second driving part, and the first driving part and the second driving part located above the cavity are arranged to cross each other, so that within a limited area, the limited length of the first driving part and the second driving part is relatively long. That is, by maximizing the extension of the beam length of the cantilever part, the cantilever ends of the first driving part and the cantilever ends of the second driving part can obtain a larger vertical movement range. Therefore, the chip of the same size can push a larger volume of air and generate a higher sound pressure level. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the loudspeaker structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 is a top view of the loudspeaker structure shown in Figure 1;
[0018] Figure 3 is a bottom view of the loudspeaker structure shown in Figure 1;
[0019] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first driving part in the loudspeaker structure shown in Figure 1;
[0020] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration state in the loudspeaker structure shown in Figure 1;
[0021] Figure 6 is a bottom view of the loudspeaker structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the speaker structure shown in Figure 6. Embodiments of the present invention
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to enable the reader to better understand the present invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present invention can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
[0024] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the present invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0025] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0026] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setting," "equipped with," "opening," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in this invention can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.
[0029] Referring to Figures 1-5, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a loudspeaker structure 100, comprising: a substrate 103 having a first surface (not shown) and a second surface (not shown) disposed opposite to each other, and a first end 1031 and a second end 1032 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction X; a diaphragm 101 fixed to the first surface of the substrate 103, the diaphragm 101 and the substrate 103 forming a cavity 104; and a driving member 110 located on the second surface, the driving member 110 driving the diaphragm 101 to vibrate; the driving member 110 includes a first driving portion 111 and a second driving portion 112, the first driving portion 111 extending from the first end 1031 to the second end 1032, and at least a portion of the first driving portion 111 being located on the second surface. Above the cavity 104, a second driving part 112 extends from the second end 1032 toward the first end 1031, and at least part of the second driving part 112 is located above the cavity 104, wherein the first driving part 111 and the second driving part 112 located above the cavity 104 are arranged intersectingly; a first transmission component 105 is located inside the cavity 104, the first transmission component 105 corresponds to the first driving part 111, one end of the first transmission component 105 contacts the first driving part 111, and the other end contacts the diaphragm 101; a second transmission component 106 is located inside the cavity 104, the second transmission component 106 corresponds to the second driving part 112, one end of the second transmission component 106 contacts the second driving part 112, and the other end contacts the diaphragm 101.
[0030] In this embodiment, the base 103 of the loudspeaker structure 100 is configured as a square ring shape, and the diaphragm 101 and the base 103 surround to form a cavity 104, which penetrates the base 103 and serves as the vibration space of the loudspeaker structure 100. Optionally, the base 103 can be a single-crystal silicon substrate or other substrates that meet the design requirements.
[0031] When the base 103 is set as a square ring, the inner side of the base 103 and the connection are set as chamfers, especially rounded chamfers, which can reduce the sharp structures inside the speaker structure 100. This is beneficial for product assembly and can also prevent sharp structures on the base 103 from contacting and damaging other internal components of the speaker structure 100.
[0032] The first driving unit 111 includes: a first fixing part 1111, which contacts the first end 1031; and a plurality of first suspension parts 1112 spaced apart along the second direction Y, one end of each first suspension part 1112 being connected to the first fixing part 1111, and the other end of each first suspension part 1112 contacting the first transmission component 105. The plurality of first suspension parts 1112 can serve as a deformation area of the first driving unit 111, driving the first transmission component 105 and causing the diaphragm 101 to deform. The plurality of first suspension parts 1112 exert forces on multiple areas of the diaphragm 101, resulting in a large cumulative force, thus causing a large vibration amplitude of the diaphragm 101 and a louder sound. Within a limited vibration area, the sound pressure level can be increased by enhancing the effective amplitude.
[0033] The second drive unit 112 includes: a second fixing part 1121, which contacts the second end 1032; a plurality of spaced-apart second suspension parts 1122, one end of each second suspension part 1122 connected to the second fixing part 1121, and the other end of each second suspension part 1122 contacting the second transmission component 106; and a plurality of first suspension parts 1112 and a plurality of second suspension parts 1122 arranged intersectingly. Because the first suspension parts 1112 and the second suspension parts 1122 are intersecting, the finite lengths of the first drive unit 111 and the second drive unit 112 are relatively long within a limited area, resulting in larger vibration amplitudes of the first drive unit 111 and the second drive unit 112, which in turn drives a larger vibration amplitude of the diaphragm 101, thereby increasing the sound pressure level.
[0034] The first transmission component 105 contacts the end of the first suspension portion 1112 away from the first end 1031. Thus, the driving arm of the first drive portion 111 is the length of the first drive portion 111, resulting in a larger vibration amplitude, which causes the diaphragm 101 to undergo a larger deformation, thereby pushing the air and providing a higher sound pressure.
[0035] The second transmission component 106 contacts the end of the second suspension portion 1122 away from the second end 1032. The vibration arm of the second drive portion 112 is also the length of the second drive portion 112, which can improve the sound pressure level performance.
[0036] The orthographic projection of the first suspension portion 1112 on the diaphragm 101 and the second end 1032 have a first preset range L1. Thus, there is a certain gap between the first suspension portion 1112 and the base 103, which can prevent the first suspension portion 1112 from contacting the base 103 and generating noise, thereby causing errors in the emitted sound.
[0037] The first preset range L1 is 10μm to 2000μm. Optionally, the first preset range L1 can be 50μm to 1000μm. Further, the first preset range L1 can be 50μm, 100μm, 200μm, 300μm, 400μm, 500μm, 600μm, 700μm, 800μm, 900μm, or 1000μm.
[0038] The orthographic projection of the second suspension portion 1122 onto the diaphragm 101 has a second preset range L2 with respect to the first end 1031. The second preset range L2 can improve the accuracy of the sound.
[0039] The second preset range L2 is 10μm to 2000μm. Optionally, the second preset range L2 can be 50μm to 1000μm. Further, the second preset range L2 can be 50μm, 80μm, 130μm, 250μm, 410μm, 520μm, 610μm, 710μm, 820μm, 910μm, or 1000μm.
[0040] Optionally, the distance between the orthographic projection of the first suspension portion 1112 on the diaphragm 101 and the second end 1032 is equal to the distance between the orthographic projection of the second suspension portion 1122 on the diaphragm 101 and the first end 1031.
[0041] Optionally, the first suspension portion 1112 can be fixed to the base 103 by a spring structure to prevent the first suspension portion 1112 from moving too much. The second suspension portion 1122 can be fixed to the base 103 by a spring structure to prevent the second suspension portion 1122 from moving too much.
[0042] The diaphragm 101 includes a first part 1011, a second part 1012, and a third part 1013 connected in sequence. The first part 1011 is located on the first surface, the third part 1013 is in contact with the first transmission component 105 and the second transmission component 106, and the second part 1012 is located between the first part 1011 and the third part 1013. The second part 1012 protrudes from the first part 1011 toward the first driving part 111 or protrudes from the first part 1011 toward the direction away from the first driving part 111. Thus, since the second part 1012 protrudes from the first part 1011 toward the first driving part 111 or from the first part 1011 toward the direction away from the first driving part 111, that is, the cross section of the second part 1012 is an arched folded ring with a longer circumference, under the same Poisson's ratio, the arched deformation is greater than that of a flat surface, which makes the first suspension part 1112 more free and can obtain a larger amplitude, thereby allowing the diaphragm 101 to push more volume of air and generate a higher sound pressure level.
[0043] Part 1011, Part 2012, and Part 3013 are integrally formed organic membranes. The organic membrane can be composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyimide, etc.
[0044] Optionally, the third part 1013 also has a reinforcing diaphragm 1014 on the side away from the cavity 104, and the overlapping portion of the reinforcing diaphragm 1014 and the third part 1013 are fixedly connected to each other. The yield strength of the reinforcing diaphragm 1014 is greater than that of the third part 1013, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the diaphragm 101 and extending the life of the diaphragm 101.
[0045] Referring to Figure 4, the first driving unit 111 includes a stacked support layer 125, a bottom electrode layer 124, a piezoelectric layer 123, a top electrode layer 122, and a protective layer 121. The support layer 125 can be made of SOI (Silicon On Insulation). The support layer 125 can be made of silicon dioxide or other insulating materials. The bottom electrode layer 124 can be made of platinum.
[0046] The piezoelectric electrode layer 123 can be made of PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate). PZT films have a high piezoelectric constant, which can improve electromechanical conversion efficiency and increase speaker driving speed. The top electrode layer 122 can be made of gold or a platinum alloy. The protective layer 121 can be made of silicon nitride.
[0047] An insulating layer 109 is also provided between the first driving part 111 and the substrate 103. The insulating layer 109 is made of silicon dioxide, which can reduce the parasitic capacitance between the first driving part 111 and the substrate 103 compared to the parasitic capacitance of a structure without an insulating layer.
[0048] The second driving unit may also include a stacked support layer, a bottom electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, a top electrode layer, and a protective layer. An insulating layer is also present between the second driving unit and the substrate. The stacked structure of the second driving unit is the same as that of the first driving unit, and will not be described in detail here; please refer to the stacked structure of the first driving unit for details.
[0049] Referring to Figure 5, under the drive of the audio signal, the first drive unit 111 causes the cantilever where the first suspension unit 1112 is located to move up and down, thereby driving the first transmission component 105 to vibrate. The diaphragm 101 connected to the first transmission component 105 also moves together, thereby generating sound pressure.
[0050] Driven by the audio signal, the second drive unit 112 causes the cantilever where the second suspension unit 1122 is located to move up and down, thereby driving the second transmission component 106. The diaphragm 101 connected to the second transmission component 106 also moves together, thereby generating sound pressure. In this embodiment, by maximizing the beam length of the cantilever portion, a larger vertical movement amplitude can be obtained at the end of the cantilever. Therefore, a chip of the same size can push a larger volume of air, generating a higher sound pressure level.
[0051] The speaker structure 100 provided by the present invention includes a driving component 110 that is indirectly in contact with the diaphragm 101. The driving component 110 includes a first driving part 111 and a second driving part 112. The first driving part 111 and the second driving part 112 located above the cavity 104 are arranged to cross each other, so that within a limited area, the limited length of the first driving part 111 and the second driving part 112 is relatively long. That is, by maximizing the extension of the beam length of the cantilever portion, the cantilever ends of the first driving part 111 and the cantilever ends of the second driving part 112 can obtain a larger vertical movement range. Therefore, the chip of the same size can push a larger volume of air and generate a higher sound pressure level.
[0052] Referring also to Figures 6 and 7, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a loudspeaker structure that differs from the first embodiment in that the first, second, and third portions of the diaphragm in the first embodiment are made of the same material, while the material of the third portion of the diaphragm in the second embodiment is different from the materials of the first and second portions; all other features are the same. The parts identical to those in the above embodiments will not be described in detail here.
[0053] It should be noted that, since the first embodiment differs from the second embodiment only in the diaphragm, a structural schematic diagram and top view of the speaker structure are not shown; only a bottom view and a cross-sectional perspective view of the speaker structure are shown. Features of the speaker structure provided in the second embodiment that are not shown can be referred to in the first embodiment.
[0054] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the loudspeaker structure 200 includes: a base 203 having a first surface (not shown) and a second surface (not shown) opposite to each other, and a first end and a second end opposite to each other along a first direction; a diaphragm 201 fixed to the first surface of the base 203, the diaphragm 201 and the base 203 forming a cavity 204; and a driving member located on the second surface, which drives the diaphragm 201 to vibrate; the driving member includes a first driving portion 211 and a second driving portion, the first driving portion 211 extending from the first end to the second end, and at least a portion of the first driving portion 211 located on the upper part of the cavity 204. The second driving part extends from the second end to the first end, and at least part of the second driving part is located above the cavity 204. The first driving part 211 located above the cavity 204 is intersected with the second driving part. The first transmission component 205 is located inside the cavity 204 and corresponds to the first driving part. One end of the first transmission component 205 contacts the first driving part 211 and the other end contacts the diaphragm 201. The second transmission component is located inside the cavity 204 and corresponds to the second driving part. One end of the second transmission component contacts the second driving part and the other end contacts the diaphragm 201.
[0055] The diaphragm 201 includes a first part 2011, a second part 2012, and a third part 2013 connected in sequence. The first part 2011 is located on the third surface. The third part 2013 is in contact with the first transmission component 205 and the second transmission component. The second part 2012 is located between the first part 2011 and the third part 2013. The second part 2012 protrudes from the first part 2011 toward the first driving part 211 or protrudes from the first part 2011 toward the direction away from the first driving part 211.
[0056] At least one of the first part 2011 and the second part 2012 is an organic membrane, and the third part 2013 is a rigid membrane; the third part 2013 is fixedly connected to a portion of the second part 2012. The stiffness of the third part 2013 is greater than that of the organic membrane, so that the diaphragm area corresponding to the third part 2013 can move up and down horizontally as a whole without exhibiting other vibration shapes.
[0057] The speaker structure 200 provided by the present invention includes a driving component that is indirectly in contact with the diaphragm 201. The driving component includes a first driving part 211 and a second driving part. The first driving part 211 and the second driving part are arranged intersecting each other above the cavity 204, so that within a limited area, the limited lengths of the first driving part 211 and the second driving part are relatively long. That is, by maximizing the extension of the beam length of the cantilever portion, the cantilever ends of the first driving part 211 and the cantilever ends of the second driving part can obtain a larger vertical movement range. Therefore, the chip of the same size can push a larger volume of air and generate a higher sound pressure level.
[0058] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific implementations of the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A loudspeaker structure, comprising: A substrate having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, and a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other along a first direction; A diaphragm, the diaphragm being fixed to the first surface of the substrate, the diaphragm and the substrate forming a cavity; A driving component is located on the second surface and drives the diaphragm to vibrate. The driving component includes a first driving part and a second driving part. The first driving part extends from the first end to the second end, and at least a portion of the first driving part is located above the cavity. The second driving part extends from the second end to the first end, and at least a portion of the second driving part is located above the cavity. The first driving part and the second driving part located above the cavity are arranged to intersect each other. A first transmission component is located inside the cavity. The first transmission component corresponds to the first driving part. One end of the first transmission component is in contact with the first driving part, and the other end is in contact with the diaphragm. The second transmission component is located inside the cavity and corresponds to the second drive unit. One end of the second transmission component is in contact with the second drive unit, and the other end is in contact with the diaphragm.
2. The loudspeaker structure of claim 1, wherein, The first drive unit includes: a first fixing part, which contacts the first end; and a plurality of first suspension parts spaced apart, one end of each first suspension part being connected to the first fixing part, and the other end of each first suspension part being in contact with the first transmission component. The second drive unit includes: a second fixing part that contacts the second end; a plurality of second suspension parts that are spaced apart, one end of each second suspension part being connected to the second fixing part, and the other end of each second suspension part being in contact with the second transmission component; and a plurality of first suspension parts and a plurality of second suspension parts being arranged intersectingly.
3. The loudspeaker structure of claim 2, wherein, The first transmission component contacts the end of the first suspension portion away from the first end; the second transmission component contacts the end of the second suspension portion away from the second end.
4. The loudspeaker structure of claim 2, wherein, The orthographic projection of the first suspension portion on the diaphragm and the second end have a first preset range; the orthographic projection of the second suspension portion on the diaphragm and the first end have a second preset range.
5. The loudspeaker structure of claim 4, wherein, The first preset range is 10μm~2000μm; the second preset range is 10μm~2000μm.
6. The loudspeaker structure of claim 1, wherein, The diaphragm includes a first part, a second part, and a third part connected in sequence. The first part is located on the first surface, the third part is in contact with the first transmission component and the second transmission component, and the second part is located between the first part and the third part. The second part protrudes from the first part toward the first driving part or from the first part toward a direction away from the first driving part.
7. The loudspeaker structure of claim 6, wherein, The first part, the second part, and the third part are an integrally formed organic membrane.
8. The loudspeaker structure of claim 6, wherein, At least one of the first part and the second part is an organic membrane, and the third part is a rigid membrane.
9. The loudspeaker structure of claim 6, wherein, Also includes: A stiffening diaphragm is located on the side of the third portion away from the cavity.
10. The loudspeaker structure of claim 1, wherein, The first driving portion comprises a support layer, a bottom electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, a top electrode layer and a protective layer.