Modular tokamak capable of continuous operation due to generation and merging of inductive plasma

Abstract

A modular tokamak is disclosed. The modular tokamak according to the present invention may comprise a plurality of core chambers sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction and may also comprise extension chambers each connecting two adjacent core chambers.

Description

Modular tokamak capable of continuous operation through induced plasma generation and merging

[0001] The present invention relates to a modular tokamak capable of continuous operation through the generation and merging of inductive plasma.

[0002] A tokamak can be considered as a device for commercial nuclear fusion power generation. In a tokamak, commercial nuclear fusion reactions can be carried out under conditions such as plasma being formed, preserved in the form of an electric current, and heated to a high temperature of over 100 million degrees.

[0003] Continuous operation of tokamaks is required for the efficiency of commercial fusion power generation. As a condition for continuous operation, the amount of plasma current needed to preserve the plasma must be maintained. Since the plasma current naturally decreases over time, it is necessary to drive a continuous and sufficient amount of plasma current.

[0004] Meanwhile, the core components for continuous operation need to be protected from neutrons and heat generated during the nuclear fusion reaction to prevent functional degradation of the device and plasma.

[0005] (Patent Document 1) CN 107301882 A

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned problems and other problems.

[0007] The present invention has another objective of providing a tokamak that is expandable in the longitudinal direction.

[0008] The present invention has another purpose of providing a tokamak that generates, transports, and maintains plasma.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, a core chamber forming a torus shape extended in the longitudinal direction and comprising a core inner wall and a core outer wall arranged in the radial direction; and a toroidal coil wrapping the core chamber in a poloidal direction; and includes a poloidal coil having a shape wound in a toroidal direction, wherein the core inner wall includes a first node inner wall, a link inner wall, and a second node inner wall sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction, and the core outer wall includes a first node outer wall facing the first node inner wall, a link outer wall facing the link inner wall, and a second node outer wall facing the second node inner wall, wherein the first node inner wall and the second node inner wall are each bent and extended toward the core outer wall from both ends of the link inner wall, and the poloidal coil includes a first node poloidal coil comprising a first inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the first node inner wall and a first outer poloidal coil wrapping the first node outer wall; A tokamak may be provided comprising: a second node poloidal coil including a second inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the second node inner wall and a second outer poloidal coil surrounding the core outer wall; and a link outer poloidal coil surrounding the link outer wall.

[0010] The core chamber may include a first end wall coupled to the first node inner wall and the first node outer wall; and a second end wall coupled to the second node inner wall and the second node outer wall.

[0011] The first end wall may extend radially from the end of the first node inner wall and connect to the end of the first node inner wall, and the second end wall may extend radially from the end of the second node inner wall and connect to the end of the second node inner wall.

[0012] The core chamber may include a first node space formed between the first node inner wall and the first node outer wall; a second node space formed between the second node inner wall and the second node outer wall; and a link space formed between the link inner wall and the link outer wall.

[0013] The first node space, the link space, and the second node space may be sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction.

[0014] The first node space may be located between the first inner poloidal coil and the first outer poloidal coil, and the second node space may be located between the second inner poloidal coil and the second outer poloidal coil.

[0015] The first node poloidal coil may include a pair of first outer poloidal coils arranged in the longitudinal direction as the first outer poloidal coil; and a second outer poloidal coil arranged in the longitudinal direction as the second outer poloidal coil.

[0016] The above poloidal coil may include a pair of link outer poloidal coils arranged in the longitudinal direction as the link outer poloidal coil.

[0017] The first inner poloidal coil and the first outer poloidal coil are arranged in a radial direction, and the second inner poloidal coil and the second outer poloidal coil may be arranged in a radial direction.

[0018] The above-mentioned poloidal coil may include a first push coil adjacent to the end of the first node outer wall; and a second push coil adjacent to the end of the second node outer wall.

[0019] The above link inner wall may be located between the first inner poloidal coil and the second inner poloidal coil.

[0020] The tokamak may further include a control unit that applies an alternating voltage having the same magnitude and the same period, but with a 180-degree phase difference, to the first node poloidal coil and the second node poloidal coil, respectively.

[0021] The control unit can apply voltage to the link outer poloidal coil so that current flows in a certain direction to the link outer poloidal coil.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, the core chamber comprises a first core section, an extension section, and a second core section sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction, wherein each of the first core section and the second core section forms a torus shape extended in the longitudinal direction and includes a core inner wall and a core outer wall arranged in the radial direction; a toroidal coil wrapping the core chamber in a poloidal direction; and a poloidal coil having a shape wound in the toroidal direction, wherein the core inner wall comprises a first node inner wall, a link inner wall, and a second node inner wall sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction, and the core outer wall comprises a first node outer wall facing the first node inner wall, a link outer wall facing the link inner wall, and a second node outer wall facing the second node inner wall, and the extension section comprises an extension outer wall connecting the core outer wall of the first core section and the core outer wall of the second core section. A tokamak may be provided comprising: an extension inner wall connecting the core inner wall of the first core section and the core inner wall of the second core section; and an extension chamber ploidy coil wrapping the extension outer wall in a toroidal direction.

[0023] The first node inner wall and the second node inner wall are each bent and extended toward the core outer wall at both ends of the link inner wall, and the poloidal coil may include: a first node poloidal coil comprising a first inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the first node inner wall and a first outer poloidal coil wrapping around the first node outer wall; a second node poloidal coil comprising a second inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the second node inner wall and a second outer poloidal coil wrapping around the core outer wall; and a link outer poloidal coil wrapping around the link outer wall.

[0024] The above extended inner wall may be located between the second inner poloidal coil of the first core zone and the first inner poloidal coil of the second core zone.

[0025] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, a tokamak expandable in the longitudinal direction may be provided.

[0026] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, a tokamak that generates, transports, and maintains plasma may be provided.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a core chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the core chamber illustrated in FIG. 1 with a portion removed.

[0029] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the core chamber shown in Figure 1, cut along A1-A2.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a toroidal coil according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 is a drawing showing a plurality of toroidal coils shown in Figure 4 being provided and wound around a core chamber shown in Figure 1.

[0032] Figure 6 is a drawing showing a part of the cross-section of the tokamak illustrated in Figure 5.

[0033] Figure 7 is a drawing showing a tokamak with a core chamber and a coil unit combined.

[0034] Figure 8 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the first node ploid coil and the voltage applied to the second node ploid coil over time.

[0035] Figure 9 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the link outer polaroidal coil over time.

[0036] Figure 10 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the push coil over time.

[0037] Figure 11 is a drawing showing a part of the longitudinal section of the tokamak illustrated in Figure 7.

[0038] FIGS. 12 to 16 are drawings sequentially showing the operation of the tokamak illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0039] FIG. 17 is a drawing showing an extension chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the extension chamber shown in FIG. 17, cut along B1-B2.

[0041] FIG. 19 is a drawing showing a part of the cross-section of a tokamak including two core chambers and an extension chamber connecting them.

[0042] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a tokamak according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Hereinafter, embodiments disclosed in this specification will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Identical or similar components regardless of drawing symbols are given the same reference number, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0044] The attached drawings are intended only to facilitate understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical concept disclosed in this specification is not limited by the attached drawings; it should be understood that all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions included within the concept and technical scope of the present invention are included.

[0045] Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components are not limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

[0046] The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0047] In the drawings, the size of components may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are depicted arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, so the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is illustrated.

[0048] Where an embodiment can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed differently from the order described. For example, two processes described consecutively may be performed substantially simultaneously or proceed in the reverse order of the description.

[0049] In the following embodiments, when it is stated that a membrane, region, component, etc. is connected, it includes not only cases where the membrane, region, or component is directly connected, but also cases where other membranes, regions, or components are interposed between them to form an indirect connection. For example, when it is stated in this specification that a membrane, region, component, etc. is electrically connected, it includes not only cases where the membrane, region, or component, etc. are directly electrically connected, but also cases where other membranes, regions, or components are interposed between them to form an indirect electrical connection.

[0050] Cylindrical coordinates may be used in this specification. For example, the Z-axis may be a longitudinal axis. For example, the Z-axis may represent height.

[0051] For example, the X and Y axes can form polar coordinates. For example, the X and Y axes can form the radius and azimuth of polar coordinates. For example, the radius and azimuth of polar coordinates can be expressed using the X and Y axes.

[0052] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a core chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the core chamber shown in FIG. 1 with a portion removed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the core chamber shown in FIG. 1 taken along A1-A2.

[0053] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a tokamak (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a core chamber (100). The core chamber (100) may form a hollow portion inside.

[0054] The core chamber (100) may form a shape that extends in one direction. For example, the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100) may be the extended direction of the core chamber (100). For example, the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100) may be the Z-axis direction.

[0055] The core chamber (100) can form the shape of a solid of revolution. For example, the core chamber (100) can form the shape of a solid of revolution rotated with a virtual axis (VSL) as the axis of rotation.

[0056] For example, the shape of the core chamber (100) may be a torus shape. The axial direction of the virtual axis (VSL) may be the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100). For example, the chamber space (100S) may be a hollow portion formed in the core chamber (100) and may form a torus shape.

[0057] The core chamber (100) may include a core inner wall (110). The core inner wall (110) may form the shape of a rotating body. The longitudinal direction of the core inner wall (110) may be the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100).

[0058] The core inner wall (110) can form two sides. For example, the inner side of the core inner wall (110) may face the chamber space (100S). For example, the outer side of the core inner wall (110) may face the virtual axis (VSL).

[0059] The core inner wall (110) may form a hollow portion. For example, the outer surface of the core inner wall (110) may face the hollow portion of the core inner wall (110). The hollow portion of the core inner wall (110) may be open in the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100).

[0060] The core chamber (100) may include a core outer wall (120). The core outer wall (120) may form the shape of a rotating body. The longitudinal direction of the core outer wall (120) may be the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100). The core outer wall (120) may form two sides.

[0061] For example, the inner surface of the core outer wall (120) may face the chamber space (100S). For example, the outer surface of the core outer wall (120) may form the outer surface of the core chamber (100).

[0062] The core chamber (100) may be divided along the longitudinal direction. For example, the core chamber (100) may include a node inner wall (111) and a link inner wall (112). The core inner wall (110) may include or mean at least one of the node inner wall (111) and the link inner wall (112).

[0063] The node inner wall (111) may be multiple. For example, the core chamber (100) may include a first node inner wall (1111) and a second node inner wall (1112). The node inner wall (111) may include or mean at least one of the first node inner wall (1111) and the second node inner wall (1112).

[0064] The link inner wall (112) may be located between the first node inner wall (1111) and the second node inner wall (1112). For example, the first node inner wall (1111), the link inner wall (112), and the second node inner wall (1112) may be arranged sequentially or connected. For example, the first node inner wall (1111), the link inner wall (112), and the second node inner wall (1112) may be arranged along the length of the core chamber (100).

[0065] For example, the shape of the core inner wall (110) may be the shape of a dumbbell. For example, the node inner wall (111) may protrude radially relative to the link inner wall (112).

[0066] For example, the node inner wall (111) may be extended by bending radially at one end of the link inner wall (112). For example, the first node inner wall (1111) may be extended by bending radially at one end of the link inner wall (112). For example, the second node inner wall (1112) may be extended by bending radially at the other end of the link inner wall (112).

[0067] The core outer wall (120) can be divided in accordance with the core inner wall (110). For example, the core chamber (100) may include a node outer wall (121) and a link outer wall (122). The core outer wall (120) may include or mean at least one of the node outer wall (121) and the link outer wall (122).

[0068] The node outer wall (121) may be multiple. For example, the core chamber (100) may include a first node outer wall (1211) and a second node outer wall (1212). The node outer wall (121) may include or mean at least one of the first node outer wall (1211) and the second node outer wall (1212).

[0069] The first node outer wall (1211), the link outer wall (122), and the second node outer wall (1212) can be connected sequentially. For example, the first node outer wall (1211), the link outer wall (122), and the second node outer wall (1212) can be arranged sequentially along the length of the core chamber (100).

[0070] The first node outer wall (1211) may face the first node inner wall (1111). The first node outer wall (1211) and the first node inner wall (1111) may be rotating bodies with the virtual axis line (VSL) as the axis of rotation.

[0071] The first node outer wall (1211) and the first node inner wall (1111) can form a first node space (100SN1). For example, the first node space (100SN1) can be formed between the first node outer wall (1211) and the first node inner wall (1111). For example, the first node space (100SN1) can be part of the chamber space (100S).

[0072] The second node outer wall (1212) may face the second node inner wall (1112). The second node outer wall (1212) and the second node inner wall (1112) may be rotating bodies with the virtual axis line (VSL) as the axis of rotation.

[0073] The second node outer wall (1212) and the second node inner wall (1112) can form a second node space (100SN2). For example, the second node space (100SN2) can be formed between the second node outer wall (1212) and the second node inner wall (1112). For example, the second node space (100SN2) can be part of the chamber space (100S).

[0074] The link outer wall (122) may face the link inner wall (112). The link outer wall (122) and the link inner wall (112) may be rotating bodies with the virtual axis (VSL) as the axis of rotation.

[0075] The link outer wall (122) and the link inner wall (112) can form a link space (100SL). For example, the link space (100SL) can be formed between the link outer wall (122) and the link inner wall (112). For example, the link space (100SL) can be part of the chamber space (100S).

[0076] The first node space (100SN1), the link space (100SL), and the second node space (100SN2) may be arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100). The node space (100SN) may include or refer to at least one of the first node space (100SN1) and the second node space (100SN2).

[0077] For example, the first node space (100SN1), the link space (100SL), and the second node space (100SN2) can be connected sequentially. For example, the first node space (100SN1) and the link space (100SL) can be connected. For example, the link space (100SL) and the second node space (100SN2) can be connected.

[0078] The distance between the node inner wall (111) and the node outer wall (121) may be different from the distance between the link inner wall (112) and the link outer wall (122). For example, the distance between the node inner wall (111) and the node outer wall (121) may be smaller than the distance between the link inner wall (112) and the link outer wall (122).

[0079] For example, the average distance between the node inner wall (111) and the node outer wall (121) may be smaller than the average distance between the link inner wall (112) and the link outer wall (122). Here, the average distance may be the value obtained by summing the distance between the core inner wall (110) and the core outer wall (120) in a differential interval along the length direction of the core chamber (100) and dividing by the length of the interval.

[0080] The node inner wall (111) and the link inner wall (112) can form a step. As another example, the node inner wall (111) and the link inner wall (112) can each be connected to each other, forming an incline with respect to the virtual axis (VSL).

[0081] The core chamber (100) may include an end wall (130). The end wall (130) may form the shape of a circular disc. For example, the end wall (130) may form the shape of a circular disc that forms an opening in the center.

[0082] The end wall (130) can be joined to or connected to the core inner wall (110). For example, an opening formed in the end wall (130) can be joined to or connected to the end of the core inner wall (110).

[0083] The end wall (130) may be joined to or connected to the core outer wall (120). For example, the perimeter of the end wall (130) may be joined to or connected to the end of the core outer wall (120).

[0084] The end wall (130) may be multiple. For example, the core chamber (100) may include a first end wall (131) and a second end wall (132). The end wall (130) may include or mean at least one of the first end wall (131) and the second end wall (132).

[0085] For example, the first end wall (131) may be connected to the first node inner wall (1111) and the first node outer wall (1211). For example, the second end wall (132) may be connected to the second node inner wall (1112) and the second node outer wall (1212). The first end wall (131) and the second end wall (132) may be located opposite each other.

[0086] For example, the first end wall (131) may extend radially from the end of the first node inner wall (1111) to lead to the first node outer wall (1211). For example, the second end wall (132) may extend radially from the end of the second node inner wall (1112) to lead to the second node outer wall (1212).

[0087] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing a toroidal coil according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 4, the tokamak (10, see FIG. 1) may include a coil unit (200). The coil unit (200) may include a toroidal coil (210). The toroidal coil (210) may wrap around a core chamber (100, see FIG. 1 to 3). For example, the toroidal coil (210) may wrap around the core chamber (100, see FIG. 1 to 3) in a poloidal direction.

[0089] The toroidal coil (210) may be divided into multiple sections. For example, the coil unit (200) may include a base toroidal coil (211), an outer toroidal coil (212), and a second end toroidal coil (213).

[0090] The toroidal coil (210) may include or mean at least one of a base toroidal coil (211), an outer toroidal coil (212), and a second end toroidal coil (213).

[0091] The base toroidal coil (211) may include an inner toroidal coil (2111) and a first end toroidal coil (2112). The inner toroidal coil (2111) may extend in the longitudinal direction of the core chamber (100, see FIG. 1 to 3).

[0092] The inner toroidal coil (2111) may be located in a hollow portion formed in the core inner wall (110, see FIG. 2). For example, the outer surface of the core inner wall (110, see FIG. 2) may face the inner toroidal coil (2111). One end of the inner toroidal coil (2111) may be connected to an electric power source (not shown).

[0093] The first end toroidal coil (2112) may extend from the inner toroidal coil (2111). For example, the first end toroidal coil (2112) may extend by bending radially from the other end of the inner toroidal coil (2111). For example, one end of the first end toroidal coil (2112) may be connected to the other end of the inner toroidal coil (2111).

[0094] The first end toroidal coil (2112) may be adjacent to the first end wall (131, see FIG. 2). For example, the outer surface of the first end wall (131, see FIG. 2) may face the first end toroidal coil (2112).

[0095] For example, the first end toroidal coil (2112) may form a shape that extends radially from the center of the first end wall (131, see FIG. 2). For example, one end of the first end toroidal coil (2112) may be adjacent to the center of the first end wall (131, see FIG. 2), and the other end of the first end toroidal coil (2112) may be adjacent to the outer circumference of the first end wall (131, see FIG. 2).

[0096] The base toroidal coil (211) can be formed integrally. For example, the inner toroidal coil (2111) and the first end toroidal coil (2112) can be formed integrally.

[0097] The outer toroidal coil (212) may be bent longitudinally and extended from the first end toroidal coil (2112). For example, one end of the outer toroidal coil (212) may be connected to the other end of the first end toroidal coil (2112).

[0098] The outer toroidal coil (212) may extend along the core outer wall (120, see FIG. 2). For example, the outer surface of the core outer wall (120, see FIG. 2) may face the outer toroidal coil (212).

[0099] For example, one end of the outer toroidal coil (212) may be adjacent to the first end wall (131), and the other end of the outer toroidal coil (212) may be adjacent to the second end wall (132).

[0100] The second end toroidal coil (213) may be bent and extended from the other end of the outer toroidal coil (212). For example, the second end toroidal coil (213) may be extended from the other end of the outer toroidal coil (212) toward the center of the second end wall (132, see FIG. 2). The other end of the second end toroidal coil (213) may be connected to a power source (not shown).

[0101] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a plurality of toroidal coils shown in FIG. 4 being provided and wound around a core chamber shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a drawing showing a part of the cross-section of the tokamak shown in FIG. 5.

[0102] Referring to FIGS. 4 through 6, the toroidal coil (210) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, a coil unit (200) may include multiple toroidal coils (210). The multiple toroidal coils (210) may be arranged sequentially in an azimuth direction.

[0103] When power is applied to the toroidal coil (210), the toroidal coil (210) can form a magnetic field. For example, the toroidal coil (210) can form a magnetic flux inside the core chamber (100).

[0104] The direction of the magnetic flux formed inside the core chamber (100) by the toroidal coil (210) may be the toroidal direction. For example, a magnetic flux in the toroidal direction may be formed in the chamber space (100S, see FIG. 2) by the toroidal coil (210). For example, the magnetic flux formed in the chamber space (100S, see FIG. 2) by the toroidal coil (210) may form the shape of a ring overall.

[0105] The tokamak (10) may include a gas supply unit (440, see FIG. 20). The gas supply unit (440, see FIG. 20) may provide gas to the interior of the core chamber (100). The gas provided to the interior of the core chamber (100) may include, for example, at least one of deuterium and tritium.

[0106] The interior of the core chamber (100) may be in a vacuum state. For example, the core chamber (100) may be connected to a vacuum pump (not shown). Gas may be injected into the core chamber (100) in a vacuum state.

[0107] The gas injected into the core chamber (100) can be provided with energy. For example, the gas located inside the core chamber (100) can be provided with energy by an electron cyclotron heating (ECH) method. For example, the gas located inside the core chamber (100) can be provided with energy by a neutral beam injection (NBI) method.

[0108] When the gas located inside the core chamber (100) is provided with energy, at least a portion of the gas can be converted into plasma. In the plasma state, the gas can be separated into ions and electrons and exhibit collective behavior.

[0109] Ions and electrons located inside the core chamber (100) can move. As the ions or electrons move, they can come into contact with the core chamber (100). When ions are incident on the core chamber (100), the incident ions may attach to the core chamber (100), or impurities may be formed in the core chamber (100) and flow into the interior of the core chamber (100).

[0110] The magnetic flux formed in the chamber space (100S, see FIG. 2) by the toroidal coil (210) can restrict the direction of movement of ions located in the chamber space (100S, see FIG. 2). By doing so, the toroidal coil (210) can confine the plasma inside the core chamber (100).

[0111] FIG. 7 is a drawing showing a tokamak with a core chamber and a coil unit combined. In FIG. 7, for convenience of explanation, the indication of some components of the tokamak may be omitted. For example, the indication of some parts of the toroidal coil (210) may be omitted in FIG. 7.

[0112] Referring to FIGS. 3, 6 and 7, the coil unit (200) may include a poloidal coil (220).

[0113] The poloidal coil (220) can form the shape of a ring. For example, the poloidal coil (220) can form the shape of a coil wound at least once. For example, the poloidal coil (220) can form the shape of a closed loop.

[0114] The poloidal coil (220) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the coil unit (200) may include an inner poloidal coil (221) and an outer poloidal coil (222). The poloidal coil (220) may include or mean at least one of the inner poloidal coil (221) and the outer poloidal coil (222).

[0115] The inner poloidal coil (221) may be adjacent to the core inner wall (110). For example, the inner poloidal coil (221) may be located in a hollow formed in the core inner wall (110). For example, the outer surface of the core inner wall (110) may face the inner poloidal coil (221).

[0116] For example, the inner poloidal coil (221) may be adjacent to the node inner wall (111). For example, the outer surface of the node inner wall (111) may face the inner poloidal coil (221).

[0117] The inner ploid coil (221) can form a shape that wraps around the virtual axis (VSL). For example, the virtual axis (VSL) can pass through the inner ploid coil (221).

[0118] The inner toroidal coil (221) can form a shape that wraps around the inner toroidal coil (2111). For example, the inner toroidal coil (2111) can penetrate the inner toroidal coil (221).

[0119] The inner poloidal coil (221) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the poloidal coil (220) may include a first inner poloidal coil (2211) and a second inner poloidal coil (2212). The inner poloidal coil (221) may include or mean at least one of the first inner poloidal coil (2211) and the second inner poloidal coil (2212).

[0120] For example, the first inner poloidal coil (2211) may be adjacent to the first node inner wall (1111). For example, the outer surface of the first node inner wall (1111) may face the first inner poloidal coil (2211).

[0121] For example, the second inner poloidal coil (2212) may be adjacent to the second node inner wall (1112). For example, the outer surface of the second node inner wall (1112) may face the second inner poloidal coil (2212).

[0122] For example, the link inner wall (112) may be located between the first inner poloidal coil (2211) and the second inner poloidal coil (2212). For example, the first inner poloidal coil (2211), the link inner wall (112), and the second inner poloidal coil (2212) may be arranged sequentially in the longitudinal direction.

[0123] The outer poloidal coil (222) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the poloidal coil (220) may include a first outer poloidal coil (2221), a second outer poloidal coil (2222), a link outer poloidal coil (222L), and a push coil (222P).

[0124] The outer poloidal coil (222) may include or mean at least one of the first outer poloidal coil (2221), the second outer poloidal coil (2222), the link outer poloidal coil (222L), and the push coil (222P).

[0125] For example, the first outer poloidal coil (2221) can form a shape that wraps around the first node outer wall (1211). For example, the outer surface of the first node outer wall (1211) can face the first outer poloidal coil (2221).

[0126] The first outer poloidal coil (2221) may be provided in plurality. For example, the outer poloidal coil (222) may include a pair of first outer poloidal coils (2221). A pair of first outer poloidal coils (2221) are a virtual axis (VSL).

[0127] It can be arranged accordingly.

[0128] For example, the second outer poloidal coil (2222) can form a shape that wraps around the second node outer wall (1212). For example, the outer surface of the second node outer wall (1212) can face the second outer poloidal coil (2222).

[0129] The second outer poloidal coil (2222) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the outer poloidal coil (222) may include a pair of second outer poloidal coils (2222). A pair of second outer poloidal coils (2222) may be arranged along a virtual axis (VSL).

[0130] For example, the first inner poloidal coil (2211) and the first outer poloidal coil (2221) may be arranged radially. For example, the second inner poloidal coil (2212) and the second outer poloidal coil (2222) may be arranged radially.

[0131] For example, the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can form a shape that wraps around the link outer wall (122). For example, the outer surface of the link outer wall (122) can face the link outer poloidal coil (222L).

[0132] The link outer poloidal coil (222L) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the outer poloidal coil (222) may include a pair of link outer poloidal coils (222L). A pair of link outer poloidal coils (222L) may be arranged along a virtual axis (VSL).

[0133] For example, the push coil (222P) can form a shape that wraps around the node outer wall (121). For example, the outer surface of the node outer wall (121) may face the push coil (222P). For example, the push coil (222P) may be adjacent to the end wall (130).

[0134] The push coil (222P) may be provided in multiple numbers. For example, the outer fluoroidal coil (222) may include a first push coil (222P1) and a second push coil (222P2). The push coil (222P) may include or mean at least one of the first push coil (222P1) and the second push coil (222P2).

[0135] For example, the first push coil (222P1) may be adjacent to the first outer directional coil (2221). For example, the first push coil (222P1) may be adjacent to the first end wall (131).

[0136] For example, the first push coil (222P1), the first outer poloidal coil (2221), and the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can be arranged sequentially along a virtual axis (VSL).

[0137] For example, the second push coil (222P2) may be adjacent to the second outer directional coil (2222). For example, the second push coil (222P2) may be adjacent to the second end wall (132).

[0138] For example, the link outer poloidal coil (222L), the second outer poloidal coil (2222), and the second push coil (222P2) can be arranged sequentially along the virtual axis (VSL).

[0139] The coil unit (200) may include an insulating member (230). The insulating member (230) may be formed from a material including a dielectric. For example, the insulating member (230) may be electrically non-conductive.

[0140] The insulating member (230) may be located between the inner toroidal coil (2111) and the link inner wall (112). For example, the insulating member (230) may electrically separate the inner toroidal coil (2111) and the link inner wall (112).

[0141] The insulating member (230) may be located between the inner poloidal coil (221) and the node inner wall (111). For example, the insulating member (230) may electrically separate the inner poloidal coil (221) and the node inner wall (111).

[0142] The coil unit (200) may include a first node poloidal coil (201). The first node poloidal coil (201) may include or mean at least one of a first inner poloidal coil (2211) and a first outer poloidal coil (2212).

[0143] The first node space (100SN1) may be surrounded by the first node poloidal coil (201). For example, the first node space (100SN1) may be located between the first inner poloidal coil (2211) and the first outer poloidal coil (2212).

[0144] The coil unit (200) may include a second node poloidal coil (202). The second node poloidal coil (202) may include or mean at least one of a second inner poloidal coil (2212) and a second outer poloidal coil (2222).

[0145] The second node space (100SN2) may be surrounded by the second node poloidal coil (202). For example, the second node space (100SN2) may be located between the second inner poloidal coil (2212) and the second outer poloidal coil (2222).

[0146] When power is applied to the poloidal coil (220), the poloidal coil (220) can form a magnetic field. For example, when power is applied to the poloidal coil (220), the poloidal coil (220) can form a magnetic flux in the chamber space (100S).

[0147] The direction of the magnetic flux formed in the chamber space (100S) by the poloidal coil (220) may be the poloidal direction. For example, the first node poloidal coil (201) may form a magnetic flux in the poloidal direction in the first node space (100SN1). For example, the second node poloidal coil (202) may form a magnetic flux in the poloidal direction in the second node space (100SN2). For example, the link outer poloidal coil (222L) may form a magnetic flux in the poloidal direction in the link space (100SL).

[0148] Figure 8 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the first node ploid coil and the voltage applied to the second node ploid coil over time.

[0149] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the node poloidal coil (201, 202) may include or mean at least one of the first node poloidal coil (201) and the second node poloidal coil (202).

[0150] Voltage may be applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202). The magnitude and sign of the voltage applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202) may change over time. For example, an alternating voltage may be applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) and the second node poloidal coil (202).

[0151] For example, the magnitude of the alternating voltage applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202) may be the generated voltage (Vg). For example, the period of the alternating voltage applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202) may be the value obtained by multiplying the plasma period (T) by 2. In other words, the plasma period (T) may be half the period of the alternating voltage applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202).

[0152] For example, the phase of the alternating voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) may be different from the phase of the alternating voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202).

[0153] For example, the difference between the phase of the alternating voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) and the phase of the alternating voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202) may be 180 degrees.

[0154] For example, at one point in time, the sign of the voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) may be opposite to the sign of the voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202). For example, if the voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) is zero (0), the voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202) may be zero.

[0155] When voltage is applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202), the node poloidal coils (201, 202) can form a magnetic flux. For example, the magnitude and direction of the magnetic flux formed by the node poloidal coils (201, 202) may change over time. For example, the direction of the magnetic flux formed by the first node poloidal coil (201) may be opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux formed by the second node poloidal coil (202).

[0156] Figure 9 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the link outer polaroidal coil over time.

[0157] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 9, a voltage can be applied to the link outer poloidal coil (222L). For example, the voltage applied to the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can increase over time and converge to a holding voltage (Ve).

[0158] When voltage is applied to the link outer poloidal coil (222L), the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can form a magnetic flux in the link space (100SL, see FIG. 2). The direction of the magnetic flux formed by the link outer poloidal coil (222L) in the link space (100SL, see FIG. 2) may be the poloidal direction.

[0159] Figure 10 is a graph showing the voltage applied to the push coil over time.

[0160] Referring to FIGS. 7 and FIGS. 10, a voltage may be applied to the push coil (222P). For example, the voltage applied to the push coil (222P) may initially be zero. For example, during the time from zero to half a cycle (T / 2), the voltage applied to the push coil (222P) may be zero.

[0161] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), a voltage may be applied to the push coil (222P). The magnitude of the voltage applied to the push coil (222P) may be the push voltage (Vp).

[0162] For example, during the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the direction of the magnetic flux formed by the push coil (222P) in the node space (100SN) may be the same as the direction of the magnetic flux formed by the first node poloidal coil (201).

[0163] Figure 11 is a drawing showing a part of the longitudinal section of the tokamak illustrated in Figure 7.

[0164] Referring to FIG. 11, the first node space (100SN1) may be located between the first inner poloidal coil (2211) and the first outer poloidal coil (2221). For example, the virtual axis (VSL), the first inner poloidal coil (2211), the first node inner wall (1111), the first node space (100SN1), the first node outer wall (1211), and the first outer poloidal coil (2221) may be arranged sequentially in a radial direction.

[0165] For example, an inner toroidal coil (2111, see FIG. 6), a first inner poloidal coil (2211), a first node inner wall (1111), a first node space (100SN1), a first node outer wall (1211), and a first outer poloidal coil (2221) may be arranged sequentially in a radial direction.

[0166] When voltage is applied to the first node poloidal coil (201), electric current may flow through the first node poloidal coil (201). The direction of the current in the first inner poloidal coil (2211) may be the same as the direction of the current in the first outer poloidal coil (2221).

[0167] When current flows through the first node poloidal coil (201), the first node poloidal coil (201) can form a magnetic flux in the first node space (100SN1). The direction of the magnetic flux formed in the first node space (100SN1) by the first node poloidal coil (201) may be the poloidal direction.

[0168] The second node space (100SN2) may be located between the second inner poloidal coil (2212) and the second outer poloidal coil (2222). For example, the virtual axis (VSL), the second inner poloidal coil (2212), the second node inner wall (1112), the second node space (100SN2), the second node outer wall (1212), and the second outer poloidal coil (2222) may be arranged sequentially in a radial direction.

[0169] For example, an inner toroidal coil (2111, see FIG. 6), a second inner poloidal coil (2212), a second node inner wall (1112), a second node space (100SN2), a second node outer wall (1212), and a second outer poloidal coil (2222) may be arranged sequentially in a radial direction.

[0170] When voltage is applied to the second node poloidal coil (202), electric current may flow through the second node poloidal coil (202). The direction of the current in the second inner poloidal coil (2212) may be the same as the direction of the current in the second outer poloidal coil (2222).

[0171] When current flows through the second node poloidal coil (202), the second node poloidal coil (202) can form a magnetic flux in the second node space (100SN2). The direction of the magnetic flux formed in the second node space (100SN2) by the second node poloidal coil (202) may be the poloidal direction.

[0172] When voltage is applied to the link outer poloidal coil (222L), current can flow through the link outer poloidal coil (222L). The direction of the current in the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can be constant.

[0173] When current flows through the link outer poloidal coil (222L), the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can form a magnetic flux in the link space (100SL). For example, the direction of the magnetic flux formed in the link space (100SL) by the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can be perpendicular to the toroidal direction. For example, the direction of the magnetic flux formed in the link space (100SL) by the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can be the poloidal direction.

[0174] FIGS. 12 to 16 are drawings sequentially showing the operation of the tokamak illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0175] In FIG. 12, the operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed for a period of time from zero to half-period (T / 2). Referring to FIG. 1 through FIG. 12, the gas supply unit (440, see FIG. 20) can inject gas into the node space (100SN).

[0176] During the time from zero to half a period (T / 2), the magnitude of the voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) can be reduced. As a result, the magnitude of the magnetic flux formed by the first node poloidal coil (201) can be reduced.

[0177] When the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the poloidal direction formed by the first node poloidal coil (201) in the first node space (100SN1) decreases, an induced current in the toroidal direction may be formed to suppress the change in the magnetic flux formed in the first node space (100SN1).

[0178] Thus, the first plasma (PL1) can be generated in the first node space (100SN1). During the time from zero to half a period (T / 2), the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) may be opposite to the current direction of the first node poloidal coil (201).

[0179] During the time from zero to half a period (T / 2), the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202) can be reduced. As a result, the magnitude of the magnetic flux formed by the second node poloidal coil (202) can be reduced.

[0180] When the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the poloidal direction formed by the second node poloidal coil (202) in the second node space (100SN2) decreases, an induced current in the toroidal direction may be formed to suppress the change in the magnetic flux formed in the second node space (100SN2).

[0181] Thus, a second plasma (PL2) can be generated in the second node space (100SN2). During the time from zero to half a period (T / 2), the current direction of the second plasma (PL2) may be opposite to the current direction of the second node poloidal coil (202). That is, the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) may be opposite to the current direction of the second plasma (PL2).

[0182] In FIG. 13, the operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed during the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T).

[0183] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 13, in half-cycle (T / 2), the current direction of the first node poloidal coil (201) can be switched from negative to positive. During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), current can be formed in the push coil (222P).

[0184] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), the direction of the current formed in the push coil (222P) may be the same as the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) and opposite to the current direction of the second plasma (PL2).

[0185] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), the first plasma (PL1) can move toward the first push coil (222P1) due to the influence of the magnetic flux formed by the first push coil (222P1) and the first plasma (PL1), respectively.

[0186] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), the first plasma (PL1) can move away from the link outer poloidal coil (222L) due to the influence of the magnetic flux formed by the first plasma (PL1) and the link outer poloidal coil (222L), respectively.

[0187] In the half-cycle (T / 2), the current direction of the second node poloidal coil (202) can be switched from positive to negative. During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), current can be formed in the push coil (222P).

[0188] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), the second plasma (PL2) can move away from the second push coil (222P2) due to the influence of the magnetic flux formed by the second push coil (222P2) and the second plasma (PL2), respectively.

[0189] During the time from the half-cycle (T / 2) to the plasma cycle (T), the second plasma (PL2) can move toward the link outer poloidal coil (222L) due to the influence of the magnetic flux formed by the second plasma (PL2) and the link outer poloidal coil (222L), respectively.

[0190] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the first plasma (PL1) can move away from the link space (100SL). By doing so, the first plasma (PL1) can come into contact with the core chamber (100) and be extinguished.

[0191] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the second plasma (PL2) can move toward the link space (100SL). Thus, the second plasma (PL2) can be located in the link space (100SL). The fusion plasma (FPL, see FIG. 14) may be the second plasma (PL2) that has come to be located in the link space (100SL).

[0192] In FIG. 14, the operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed during the half-cycle (T / 2), starting from the plasma cycle (T).

[0193] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 14, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) can be reduced during the half-cycle (T / 2) starting from the plasma cycle (T). By doing so, the first plasma (PL1) can be formed in the first node space (100SN1).

[0194] Starting from the plasma period (T) and during the half-period (T / 2), the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) is opposite to the direction of the current formed in the first node poloidal coil (201) and may be the same as the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL).

[0195] Starting from the plasma period (T), the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202) can be reduced during the half-period (T / 2). By doing so, a second plasma (PL2) can be formed in the second node space (100SN2).

[0196] Starting from the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the current direction of the second plasma (PL2) is opposite to the direction of the current formed in the second node poloidal coil (202) and may be opposite to the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL).

[0197] The current direction of the link outer poloidal coil (222L) may be the same as the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL). Therefore, the link outer poloidal coil (222L) can suppress the movement of the fusion plasma (FPL).

[0198] In FIG. 15, the operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed during a half-cycle (T / 2), starting from 1.5 times the plasma cycle (T).

[0199] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 15, at time point (3T / 2) which is 1.5 times the plasma period (T), the voltage applied to the first node poloidal coil (201) can be switched from negative to positive, and the voltage applied to the second node poloidal coil (202) can be switched from positive to negative.

[0200] That is, at a point in time (3T / 2) that is 1.5 times the plasma period (T), the current direction of the first node poloidal coil (201) and the current direction of the second node poloidal coil (202) can be switched.

[0201] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) may be the same as the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL).

[0202] Accordingly, starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T), during the half-period (T / 2), the first plasma (PL1) can move toward the fusion plasma (FPL) and merge into the fusion plasma (FPL). By doing so, at least one of the current and current density of the fusion plasma (FPL) can be increased.

[0203] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the current direction of the second plasma (PL2) may be opposite to the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL). Thus, the second plasma (PL2) may move away from the fusion plasma (FPL) and come into contact with the coil chamber (100) and be extinguished.

[0204] In FIG. 16, the operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed during a half-cycle (T / 2), starting from twice the plasma cycle (T).

[0205] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 16, the magnitude of the voltage applied to the node poloidal coils (201, 202) can be reduced during a half-cycle (T / 2), starting from twice the plasma cycle (T).

[0206] Thus, starting from twice the plasma period (T), during a half period (T / 2), a first plasma (PL1) can be formed in the first node space (100SN1), and a second plasma (PL2) can be formed in the second node space (100SN2).

[0207] Starting from twice the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL) may be opposite to the current direction of the first plasma (PL1) and the same as the current direction of the second plasma (PL2).

[0208] The operation of the tokamak (10) can be observed over time. During a half-cycle (T / 2), a first plasma (PL1) and a second plasma (PL2) can be generated in the first node space (100SN1) and the second node space (100SN2), respectively.

[0209] During the subsequent half-cycle (T / 2), one of the first plasma (PL1) and the second plasma (PL2) moves to the link space (100SL), and the other of the first plasma (PL1) and the second plasma (PL2) moves away from the link space (100SL) and can be extinguished.

[0210] The tokamak plasma (FPL) can be supplied with the first plasma (PL1) and the second plasma (PL2) alternately over time. As a result, the current and current density of the tokamak plasma (FPL) can be increased or maintained.

[0211] Since one of the first plasma (PL1) and the second plasma (PL2) alternately extinguishes over time, a tokamak (10) that complements this may be required. For example, a tokamak (10) may be considered that includes a plurality of core chambers (100) and an extension chamber (300, see FIGS. 17 to 19) that sequentially connects the plurality of core chambers (100).

[0212] FIG. 17 is a drawing showing an extension chamber according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a drawing showing a cross-section of the extension chamber shown in FIG. 17 cut along B1-B2.

[0213] Referring to FIGS. 17 and 18, the tokamak (10) may include an extension chamber (300). The extension chamber (300) may include an extension inner wall (310) and an extension outer wall (320).

[0214] The extended outer wall (320) can form a shape that extends in the longitudinal direction. For example, the extended outer wall (320) can form the shape of a pipe. The extended outer wall (320) can form a hollow portion inside. The hollow portion formed in the extended outer wall (320) can be open in the longitudinal direction.

[0215] The extended inner wall (310) may include an extended inner wall pipe (311). The extended inner wall pipe (311) may form a shape that extends in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction of the extended inner wall pipe (311) may be the same as the longitudinal direction of the extended outer wall (320).

[0216] For example, the extended inner wall pipe (311) can form the shape of a pipe. The extended inner wall pipe (311) can form a hollow portion inside. The hollow portion formed in the extended inner wall pipe (311) can be open in the longitudinal direction. For example, a virtual axis (VSL) can penetrate the hollow portion formed in the extended inner wall pipe (311).

[0217] The extended inner wall (310) may include an extended inner wall wing (312). The extended inner wall wing (312) may be connected to the end of the extended inner wall pipe (311). For example, the extended inner wall wing (312) may extend radially from the end of the extended inner wall pipe (311).

[0218] FIG. 19 is a drawing showing a part of the cross-section of a tokamak including two core chambers and an extension chamber connecting them.

[0219] Referring to FIGS. 1 through 19, the tokamak (10) may include an extension chamber (300). The tokamak (10) may be divided into a core zone (CZ1, CZ2) and an extension zone (EZ). In other words, the tokamak (10) may include a core zone (CZ1, CZ2) and an extension zone (EZ).

[0220] The core zones (CZ1, CZ2) may include or refer to at least one of the first core zone (CZ1) and the second core zone (CZ2). The extension zone (EZ) may be located between the first core zone (CZ1) and the second core zone (CZ2).

[0221] The extension chamber (300) can connect the core chamber (100) of the first core zone (CZ1) and the core chamber (100) of the second core zone (CZ2). In this context, the tokamak (10) can be called a “modular tokamak.”

[0222] For example, one end of the extended outer wall (320) may be connected to or coupled with the core outer wall (120) of the first core zone (CZ1). For example, the other end of the extended outer wall (320) may be connected to or coupled with the core outer wall (120) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0223] For example, one end of the extension inner wall (310) may be connected to or coupled with the core inner wall (110) of the first core zone (CZ1). For example, one end of the extension inner wall (310) may be connected to or coupled with the second node inner wall (1112) of the first core zone (CZ1).

[0224] For example, the other end of the extension inner wall (310) may be connected to or coupled with the core inner wall (110) of the second core zone (CZ2). For example, the other end of the extension inner wall (310) may be connected to or coupled with the first node inner wall (1111) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0225] The second inner poloidal coil (2212) of the first core zone (CZ1) may be located between the link inner wall (112) and the extension inner wall (310) of the first core zone (CZ1). The first inner poloidal coil (2211) of the second core zone (CZ2) may be located between the link inner wall (112) and the extension inner wall (310) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0226] The extension zone (EZ) may include a link outer poloidal coil (222L). The link outer poloidal coil (222L) of the extension zone (EZ) may form a shape that wraps around the extension chamber (300) in a toroidal direction. The link outer poloidal coil (222L) of the extension zone (EZ) may be referred to as an “extension chamber poloidal coil.”

[0227] That is, the extended inner wall (310) of the extended zone (EZ) corresponds to the link inner wall (112) of the core chamber (100), and the extended outer wall (320) of the extended zone (EZ) corresponds to the link outer wall (122) of the core chamber (100).

[0228] For example, the longitudinal length of the extension inner wall (310) may be the same as the longitudinal length of the link inner wall (112). For example, the longitudinal length of the extension outer wall (310) may be the same as the longitudinal length of the link outer wall (122). In this context, the space formed between the extension inner wall (310) and the extension outer wall (320) in the extension chamber (300) may be a link space (100SL).

[0229] The extended inner wall (310) may be located between the second inner poloidal coil (2212) of the first core zone (CZ1) and the first inner poloidal coil (2211) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0230] The current direction of the link outer poloidal coil (222L) in the extension zone (EZ) may be opposite to the current direction of the link outer poloidal coil (222L) in the core zone (CZ1, CZ2).

[0231] The operation of the modular tokamak (10) over time can be observed. The gas supply unit (440, see FIG. 20) can inject gas into the node space (100SN).

[0232] During the time from zero to half a period (T / 2), a first plasma (PL1) can be generated in the first node space (100SN1), and a second plasma (PL2) can be generated in the second node space (100SN2).

[0233] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the first plasma (PL1) of the first core zone (CZ1) can move away from the link space (100SL) of the first core zone (CZ1) and be extinguished.

[0234] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the first plasma (PL1) of the second core zone (CZ2) can move to the link space (100SL) of the extension zone (EZ) to form the fusion plasma (FPL) of the extension zone (EZ).

[0235] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the second plasma (PL2) of the first core zone (CZ1) can move to the link space (100SL) of the first core zone (CZ1) to form the fusion plasma (FPL) of the first core zone (CZ1).

[0236] During the time from half-cycle (T / 2) to plasma cycle (T), the second plasma (PL2) of the second core zone (CZ2) can move to the link space (100SL) of the second core zone (CZ2) to form the fusion plasma (FPL) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0237] The current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL) in the first core zone (CZ1) may be the same as the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL) in the second core zone (CZ2). The current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL) in the extension zone (EZ) may be opposite to the current direction of the fusion plasma (FPL) in the core zones (CZ1, CZ2).

[0238] Starting from the plasma period (T), during the half-period (T / 2), a first plasma (PL1) can be generated in the first node space (100SN1), and a second plasma (PL2) can be generated in the second node space (100SN2).

[0239] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the first plasma (PL1) of the first core zone (CZ1) can move to the link space (100SL) of the first core zone (CZ1) and be merged into the fusion plasma (FPL) of the first core zone (CZ1).

[0240] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the second plasma (PL2) of the first core zone (CZ1) can move to the link space (100SL) of the extension zone (EZ) and be merged into the fusion plasma (FPL) of the extension zone (EZ).

[0241] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T) and during the half period (T / 2), the first plasma (PL1) of the second core zone (CZ2) can move to the link space (100SL) of the second core zone (CZ2) and be merged into the fusion plasma (FPL) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0242] Starting from 1.5 times the plasma period (T), during the half period (T / 2), the second plasma (PL2) of the second core zone (CZ2) can move away from the link space (100SL) of the second core zone (CZ2) and be extinguished.

[0243] In this way, the ratio of plasma extinguished to plasma generated in the modular tokamak (10) illustrated in FIG. 19 may be lower than the ratio of plasma extinguished to plasma generated in the tokamak (10) illustrated in FIG. 12.

[0244] That is, the generation and transport (movement) of plasmas (PL1, PL2) are alternately and periodically repeated, and the space where the fusion plasma (FPL) is located and the space where the plasmas (PL1, PL2) are generated can be separated. Plasma (PL1, PL2) may include or refer to at least one of the first plasma (PL1) and the second plasma (PL2). In this context, the tokamak (10) can be described as a “modular tokamak capable of continuous operation through induced plasma generation and merging.”

[0245] End walls (130) may be located at both ends of the modular tokamak (10). For example, a first end wall (131) may be connected to the first node inner wall (1111) and the first node outer wall (1211) of the first core zone (CZ1). For example, a second end wall (132) may be connected to the second node inner wall (1112) and the second node outer wall (1212) of the second core zone (CZ2).

[0246] The modular tokamak (10) illustrated in FIG. 19 may have expandability. For example, a plurality of core chambers (100) and a plurality of extension chambers (300) may be alternately connected, and a plurality of link outer ploidy coils (222L) may be disposed in each of the plurality of extension chambers (300).

[0247] For example, a plurality of core chambers (100) and a plurality of extension chambers (300) may be connected sequentially in an alternating manner. For example, by arranging a plurality of core chambers (100) and a plurality of extension chambers (300) in an alternating sequential manner, the modular tokamak (10) may form a ring shape overall. In this case, the extinguished plasma may be minimized. For example, the number of core chambers (100) and the number of extension chambers (300) may be the same.

[0248] Each of the multiple toroidal coils (210) can be extended to fit the added core chamber (100) and extension chamber (300). For example, the inner toroidal coil (2111) and the outer toroidal coil (213) can be extended.

[0249] FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a tokamak according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0250] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 20, the tokamak (10) may include an input unit (410). The input unit (410) may receive input from a user, etc. The input unit (410) may generate a first signal (S1).

[0251] The first signal (S1) may include information regarding an input obtained by the input unit (410). For example, the first signal (S1) may include information regarding an operation scenario of the tokamak (10).

[0252] The tokamak (10) may include a sensor unit (420). The sensor unit (420) may measure, for example, the current of the plasma (PL1, PL2) and the fusion plasma (FPL). The sensor unit (420) may measure, for example, the magnetic field or magnetic flux density at a specific location. The sensor unit (420) may measure, for example, the temperature at a specific location. The sensor unit (420) may include, for example, a camera.

[0253] The sensor unit (420) can generate a second signal (S2). The second signal (S2) may include information regarding physical quantities acquired by the sensor unit (420). For example, the second signal (S2) may include information regarding at least one of the current of the plasma (PL1, PL2) and the fusion plasma (FPL), the magnetic flux density or magnetic field at a specific location, and the temperature at a specific location.

[0254] The tokamak (10) may include a control unit (430). The control unit (430) may perform operations. The control unit (430) may process or transmit and receive signals. For example, the control unit (430) may be implemented through at least one of a processor, a computer, a server, an electric circuit, and a circuit board.

[0255] The control unit (430) can generate output signals (S3, S4) based on input signals (S1, S2). The input signals (S1, S2) may include or represent at least one of a first signal (S1) and a second signal (S2). The output signals (S3, S4) may include or represent at least one of a third signal (S3) and a fourth signal (S4).

[0256] The tokamak (10) may include a gas supply unit (440). The gas supply unit (440) may be connected to the core chamber (100). For example, the gas supply unit (440) may be connected to the node inner wall (111) and / or the node outer wall (121).

[0257] The gas supply unit (440) can operate according to the third signal (S3). The third signal (S3) may include command information for the gas supply unit (440) to inject gas into the core chamber (100). For example, the gas supply unit (440) can inject gas into the core chamber (100) according to the third signal (S3).

[0258] For example, the gas supply unit (440) can periodically inject gas into the core chamber (100). For example, the gas supply unit (440) can inject gas into the core chamber (100) at a rate of plasma cycle (T).

[0259] The coil unit (200) can operate according to the fourth signal (S4). The fourth signal (S4) may include information regarding the voltage applied to the toroidal coil (210) and the poloidal coil (220).

[0260] Some or other embodiments of the present invention described above are not exclusive or distinct from one another. Some or other embodiments of the present invention described above may be used in combination or combined, with their respective components or functions.

[0261] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential features of the invention. The foregoing detailed description should not be interpreted restrictively in any respect and should be considered exemplary. The scope of the invention shall be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the invention are included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

A core chamber forming a torus shape extended in the longitudinal direction and comprising a core inner wall and a core outer wall arranged in the radial direction; A toroidal coil wrapping the core chamber in a poloidal direction; and It includes a poloidal coil with a shape wound in the toroidal direction, and The above core inner wall is, It includes a first node inner wall, a link inner wall, and a second node inner wall connected sequentially in the above longitudinal direction, The above core outer wall is, It includes a first node outer wall facing the first node inner wall, a link outer wall facing the link inner wall, and a second node outer wall facing the second node inner wall. The first node inner wall and the second node inner wall are each bent and extended toward the core outer wall at both ends of the link inner wall, and The above-mentioned poloidal coil is, A first node poloidal coil comprising a first inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the first node inner wall and a first outer poloidal coil wrapping the first node outer wall; A second node poloidal coil comprising a second inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the second node inner wall and a second outer poloidal coil wrapping the core outer wall; and including a link outer poloidal coil wrapping the above link outer wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, The above core chamber is, A first end wall coupled to the first node inner wall and the first node outer wall; and A second end wall coupled to the second node inner wall and the second node outer wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 2, The above-mentioned first end wall is, Extending radially from the end of the first node inner wall and connecting to the end of the first node inner wall, The above second end wall is, Extending radially from the end of the second node inner wall and connecting to the end of the second node inner wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, The above core chamber is, A first node space formed between the first node inner wall and the first node outer wall; A second node space formed between the second node inner wall and the second node outer wall; and including a link space formed between the link inner wall and the link outer wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 4, The above-mentioned first node space, the above-mentioned link space, and the above-mentioned second node space are, sequentially connected in the above longitudinal direction, Tokamak. In paragraph 4, The first node space is located between the first inner poloidal coil and the first outer poloidal coil, and The second node space is located between the second inner poloidal coil and the second outer poloidal coil, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, The above-mentioned first node pole coil is, A pair of first outer poloidal coils arranged in the longitudinal direction as the first outer poloidal coil; and The second outer poloidal coil comprising a second outer poloidal coil arranged in the longitudinal direction, wherein Tokamak. In Paragraph 7, The above-mentioned poloidal coil is, A pair of link outer poloidal coils arranged in the longitudinal direction as the link outer poloidal coils, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, The first inner ploidy coil and the first outer ploidy coil are arranged in a radial direction, and The second inner directional coil and the second outer directional coil are arranged in a radial direction. Tokamak. In Paragraph 9, The above-mentioned poloidal coil is, A first push coil adjacent to the end of the first node outer wall; and A second push coil adjacent to the end of the second node outer wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, The inner wall of the link above is, Located between the first inner directional coil and the second inner directional coil, Tokamak. In paragraph 1, A control unit further comprising applying an alternating voltage having the same magnitude and the same period, but having a 180-degree phase difference, to each of the first node poloidal coil and the second node poloidal coil. Tokamak. In Paragraph 12, The above control unit is, Applying voltage to the link outer polaroidal coil so that current flows in a constant direction to the link outer polaroidal coil, Tokamak. It includes a first core zone, an extension zone, and a second core zone connected sequentially in the longitudinal direction, Each of the above first core zone and the above second core zone is, A core chamber forming a torus shape extended in the longitudinal direction and comprising a core inner wall and a core outer wall arranged in the radial direction; A toroidal coil wrapping the core chamber in a poloidal direction; and It includes a poloidal coil with a shape wound in the toroidal direction, and The above core inner wall is, It includes a first node inner wall, a link inner wall, and a second node inner wall connected sequentially in the above longitudinal direction, The above core outer wall is, It includes a first node outer wall facing the first node inner wall, a link outer wall facing the link inner wall, and a second node outer wall facing the second node inner wall. The above extension zone is, An extended outer wall connecting the core outer wall of the first core zone and the core outer wall of the second core zone; An extended inner wall connecting the core inner wall of the first core zone and the core inner wall of the second core zone; and A structure comprising an extended chamber ploidy coil wrapping the extended outer wall in a toroidal direction, Tokamak. In Paragraph 14, The first node inner wall and the second node inner wall are each bent and extended toward the core outer wall at both ends of the link inner wall, and The above-mentioned poloidal coil is, A first node poloidal coil comprising a first inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the first node inner wall and a first outer poloidal coil wrapping the first node outer wall; A second node poloidal coil comprising a second inner poloidal coil located in a hollow portion formed in the second node inner wall and a second outer poloidal coil wrapping the core outer wall; and including a link outer poloidal coil wrapping the above link outer wall, Tokamak. In paragraph 15, The above extended inner wall is, Located between the second inner poloidal coil of the first core zone and the first inner poloidal coil of the second core zone, Tokamak.

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