Data collection method, first device, and second device

Abstract

The present application relates to a data collection method, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system. The data collection method comprises: a first device receives data set information from a second device, wherein the data set information is used for the first device to determine first superimposed pilot data and / or label data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data. Embodiments of the present application help to apply superimposed pilot data to an actual data transmission process, thereby improving the utilization of transmission resources.

Description

Data acquisition method, first device and second device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a data acquisition method, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0002] In New Radio (NR) systems, data symbols and pilot symbols are placed in different resource locations. In other words, on time, frequency, or code division resources, data symbols and pilot symbols are independent and orthogonal; that is, only one type of resource symbol, either a data symbol or a pilot symbol, can be placed in the same resource location. Given a fixed total transmission resource, increased resource overhead for pilots means less resource available for data transmission, resulting in relatively low transmission resource utilization. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to improve the utilization rate of transmission resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a data acquisition method, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system, which can improve the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0004] This application provides a data acquisition method, including:

[0005] The first device receives dataset information from the second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0006] This application provides a data acquisition method, including:

[0007] The second device sends dataset information to the first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0008] This application provides a first device, including:

[0009] A first communication module is configured to receive dataset information from a second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0010] This application provides a second device, including:

[0011] The second communication module is used to send dataset information to the first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0012] This application provides a first device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to enable the first device to perform the data acquisition method described above.

[0013] This application provides a second device, including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, the transceiver communicates with other devices, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to enable the second device to perform the data acquisition method described above.

[0014] This application provides a chip for implementing the above-described data acquisition method.

[0015] Specifically, the chip includes a processor for calling and running a computer program from memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the aforementioned data acquisition method.

[0016] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the data acquisition method described above.

[0017] This application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the data acquisition method described above.

[0018] This application provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the data acquisition method described above.

[0019] This application provides a communication system, including a first device and a second device for performing the data acquisition method described above.

[0020] In this embodiment of the application, by transmitting dataset information, the first device can collect the first superimposed pilot data and / or the corresponding tag data, thereby enabling the dataset information to be used for training or monitoring of related models. This helps to apply the superimposed pilot data to the actual data transmission process and improve the utilization rate of transmission resources. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the channel estimation and recovery process in a communication system.

[0023] Figure 3 shows the resource allocation of data symbols and pilot symbols under different configurations.

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data acquisition method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data acquisition method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of superimposed pilot data according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 7 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 1.

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a correlation indication method in the data acquisition method of Application Example 1.

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 1.

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 1.

[0031] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the reference signal in application example two.

[0032] Figure 12 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 3.

[0033] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a correlation indication method in the data acquisition method of Application Example 3.

[0034] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 3.

[0035] Figure 15 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 5.

[0036] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a correlation indication method in the data acquisition method of Application Example 5.

[0037] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 5.

[0038] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 5.

[0039] Figure 19 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 7.

[0040] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a correlation indication method in the data acquisition method of Application Example 7.

[0041] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of another way of indicating the relationship in the data acquisition method of Application Example 7.

[0042] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 23 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to another embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 26 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 27 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 28 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) systems, New Radio (NR) systems, evolution systems of NR systems, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) systems, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), 5th Generation (5G) systems, 6th Generation (6G) systems, or other communication systems.

[0051] Traditional communication systems typically support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communication but also, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The embodiments of this application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0052] In one implementation, the communication system in this application embodiment can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, or a standalone (SA) network deployment scenario.

[0053] In one embodiment, the communication system in this application can be applied to unlicensed spectrum, wherein the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as shared spectrum; or, the communication system in this application can also be applied to licensed spectrum, wherein the licensed spectrum can also be considered as non-shared spectrum.

[0054] This application describes various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices. The terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device, etc.

[0055] Terminal devices can be stations (STAs) in WLANs, cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) devices, handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in next-generation communication systems such as NR networks, or terminal devices in future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, etc.

[0056] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites).

[0057] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical care, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0058] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0059] In the embodiments of this application, the network device can be a device for communicating with mobile devices, such as an access point (AP) in a WLAN, an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, a relay station or access point, or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device (gNB) in an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or an NTN network, etc.

[0060] By way of example and not limitation, in this embodiment, the network device may have mobility characteristics; for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Optionally, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0061] In this embodiment, the network device can provide services to a cell. The terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources (e.g., frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell. The cell can be the cell corresponding to the network device (e.g., a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or to a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell can include: metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0062] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminal devices 120. In one embodiment, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and the coverage area of ​​each network device 110 may include other numbers of terminal devices 120; this embodiment does not limit the scope of the present application.

[0063] In one embodiment, the communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), which are not limited in this application.

[0064] Network equipment can be further divided into access network equipment and core network equipment. That is, the wireless communication system also includes multiple core networks used to communicate with the access network equipment. Access network equipment can be evolved Node Bs (eNBs or e-NodeBs) in Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Next-Generation Radio (NR) (mobile communication system), or Authorized Auxiliary Access Long-Term Evolution (LAA-LTE) systems, such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also called "small base stations"), pico base stations, access points (APs), transmission points (TPs), or new generation Node Bs (gNodeBs).

[0065] It should be understood that devices with communication functions in the network / system of this application embodiment can be referred to as communication devices. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication device may include network devices and terminal devices with communication functions. The network devices and terminal devices can be specific devices in this application embodiment, which will not be described in detail here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0066] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this document. The term "and / or" in this document merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0067] It should be understood that the term "instruction" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" may indicate that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or that there is an association between two things, or that there is a relationship of instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0069] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of this application are described below. The following relevant technologies are optional solutions and can be combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application in any way, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0070] The channel estimation and recovery process in a current communication system is shown in Figure 2. The transmitter allocates data information symbols (also called data symbols) and specific pilot symbols (also called reference signals) known to the receiver at different resource locations, such as Channel-State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase-tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS), and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). During the channel estimation stage, the receiver can estimate the channel information at the resource location where the pilot symbol is placed based on the actual pilot and the received pilot, for example, using the least squares (LS) method. It then recovers the full channel information based on the estimated channel information at the pilot symbol location (e.g., using interpolation algorithms) for subsequent channel information feedback or data recovery.

[0071] In NR, data symbols and pilot symbols are placed in different resource locations, as shown in Figure 3, which illustrates several resource allocation patterns for data symbols and pilot symbols under different configurations. It is evident that data symbols and pilot symbols are independent and orthogonal on time, frequency, or code division resources; that is, only one type of resource symbol, either a data symbol or a pilot symbol, can be placed in the same resource location. Different resource allocation patterns can adapt to different radio environments. For example, when the UE's movement speed is high, the channel characteristics change more rapidly over time, requiring a denser arrangement of pilot symbols in the time domain to ensure the overall channel estimation quality.

[0072] In some application scenarios of this application, superimposed pilot (SIP) data can be used for channel estimation and recovery. For the superimposed pilot scheme, the information transmitted over the air interface is the superimposed information of data and pilots (the superimposed pilot data Y is obtained based on the combined influence of the original data information D, pilot P, and channel H), and the desired recovery is the original data information D.

[0073] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data acquisition method performed by a first device according to an embodiment of this application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least a portion of the following:

[0074] S410, the first device receives dataset information from the second device; wherein, the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0075] The superimposed pilot data in this embodiment can be obtained based on data information and pilot signals (or reference signals). Optionally, the superimposed pilot data is used to superimpose and transmit data information and pilot signals, or to transmit them in a non-orthogonal manner. Specifically, the superimposed pilot data is characterized by transmitting data information and pilot signals on the same transmission resources, such as simultaneously transmitting data and pilot signals on the same time and frequency domain resources.

[0076] For example, by superimposing the power of data information and pilot signals on a specific resource (e.g., by weighted summation), superimposed pilot data transmitted on that resource can be obtained. By transmitting superimposed pilot data, non-orthogonal transmission of data information and pilot signals can be achieved, that is, the resource for transmitting pilot signals can also be used to transmit data information, thereby improving the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0077] The pilot signal may include one or more of the following: CSI-RS, DMRS, PT-RS, SRS, synchronization signal block (SS / PBCH block, SSB), and positioning reference signal (PRS). The data information includes the data content to be transmitted; for example, the data information is a signal carrying the data bits to be transmitted.

[0078] In practical applications, the receiver of a superimposed pilot transmission scheme needs to use algorithms / models to detect data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information based on the received superimposed pilot data. Optionally, the data acquisition method provided in this application embodiment can be used for training the model, performance monitoring, and other processes.

[0079] In one embodiment, the dataset information transmitted by the above method is used by a first device to obtain a dataset. This dataset includes first superimposed pilot data and corresponding tag data; that is, the dataset includes pairs of first superimposed pilot data and tag data.

[0080] Optionally, the dataset information can be used to determine the first superimposed pilot data, and the first device can obtain the dataset based on the first superimposed pilot data and the predetermined tag data.

[0081] Alternatively, dataset information can be used to determine tag data, and the first device can obtain the dataset based on existing first superimposed pilot data and the tag data.

[0082] Alternatively, the dataset information can be used to determine the first superimposed pilot data and tag data, and the first device can obtain the complete dataset based on this dataset information.

[0083] For example, the first superimposed pilot data and / or corresponding label data determined based on the dataset information can be used by the first device or other devices to train a model, or to monitor the performance of an existing model, so that the first device or other devices can use a well-performing model to recover data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information based on other superimposed pilot data.

[0084] Optionally, the first superimposed pilot data can correspond to the model's input information, i.e., the superimposed pilot data after channel transmission; the tag data can correspond to the model's output information, i.e., the recovered data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information. For example, a first device or other device can input the first superimposed pilot data into the model to obtain the model's output data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information; based on the difference between the model's output information and the tag data, the model parameters can be optimized or updated, or the model's performance indicators can be determined to determine whether to perform scheme rollback, model switching, model updates, or other processing based on these indicators.

[0085] Optionally, the tag data may include data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information used to superimpose the first superimposed pilot data. Thus, based on this tag data and the information from the model output, the loss or error in the model calculation can be accurately measured.

[0086] As can be seen, the data acquisition method executed by the first device in this application embodiment can enable the first device to collect first superimposed pilot data and / or corresponding tag data, thereby enabling the use of dataset information for training or monitoring of related models. This is beneficial for applying the superimposed pilot data to the actual data transmission process and improving the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0087] It should be noted that the first device and the second device in the embodiments of this application are communication devices. Specifically, the first device can be a terminal device or a network device, and the second device can also be a terminal device or a network device. Exemplarily, the embodiments of this application can be applied to one or more of the following scenarios:

[0088] Scenario 1: The first device is a terminal device, and the second device is a network device. The terminal device collects the first superimposed pilot data and / or the corresponding tag data. The trained model or the monitored model can be used for the uplink superimposed pilot data transmission scheme or the downlink superimposed pilot data transmission scheme.

[0089] Scenario 2: The first device is a network device, and the second device is a terminal device. The network device collects the first superimposed pilot data and / or the corresponding tag data. The trained model or the monitored model can be used for the uplink superimposed pilot data transmission scheme or the downlink superimposed pilot data transmission scheme.

[0090] Scenario 3: The first device is the first terminal device, and the second device is the second terminal device; the first terminal device collects the first superimposed pilot data and / or the corresponding tag data; the trained model or the monitored model can be used for the superimposed pilot data transmission scheme of the sidelink (SL) link.

[0091] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data acquisition method performed by a second device according to an embodiment of this application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least a portion of the following:

[0092] S510, the second device sends dataset information to the first device; wherein, the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0093] The data acquisition method performed by the second device in this embodiment enables the first device to collect first superimposed pilot data and / or corresponding tag data. This allows the dataset information to be used for training or monitoring of relevant models, facilitating the application of the superimposed pilot data in actual data transmission and improving the utilization rate of transmission resources. Specific examples can be found in the descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and for brevity, will not be repeated here.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals. The label data includes data information and / or pilot signals. Since the label data includes data information and / or pilot information (i.e., original data information) used to obtain the first superimposed pilot data, this label data can be used to accurately determine the loss or error between the information output by the algorithm or model and the original data information, thereby improving the training or monitoring effect of the model and facilitating the use of a model capable of accurately recovering the data information.

[0095] Optionally, the first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information, pilot signals, and channel information. Alternatively, the first superimposed pilot data is data obtained by transmitting a superimposed signal of data information and pilot signals through a channel. Tag data includes data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information. The channel information may include any channel-related information, such as channel state information (CSI), precoding information (e.g., precoding matrix, precoding indicator PMI), rank indicator (RI), or one or more of these.

[0096] For example, as shown in Figure 6, the data transmitter obtains superimposed pilot data S based on data information D and pilot signal P. After S is transmitted through the channel, influenced by channel information H, the data receiver receives superimposed pilot data Y. When the first superimposed pilot data Y considers the channel influence, using the first superimposed pilot data for model training or monitoring can accurately determine the model's processing effect on the superimposed pilot data after it has passed through the channel, thereby improving the training or monitoring effect. Here, the channel information refers to the information of the channel actually using the superimposed pilot transmission scheme. For example, if the data transmitter in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme is a network device and the data receiver is a terminal device, then this superimposed pilot transmission scheme is a downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme. When it is necessary to train or monitor a model applied to the downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, the first superimposed pilot data obtained based on data information, pilot signal, and downlink channel can be collected.

[0097] In some embodiments, the data acquisition method performed by the first device further includes: the first device receiving second superimposed pilot data from the second device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information. Correspondingly, the data acquisition method performed by the second device further includes: the second device sending the second superimposed pilot data to the first device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

[0098] The second superimposed pilot data is the superimposed pilot data transmitted in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme in actual applications. According to the above embodiment, the first device is the receiver in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme, and the second device is the transmitter in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme. That is, in the data acquisition method, the receiver in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme can collect the dataset. For example, for a downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, when the network device transmits the second superimposed pilot data to the UE, the UE side can be considered for collecting the dataset; for an uplink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, when the UE transmits the second superimposed pilot data to the network device, the network side can be considered for collecting the dataset.

[0099] In some embodiments, the data acquisition method performed by the first device further includes: the first device sending third superimposed pilot data to the second device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information. Correspondingly, the data acquisition method performed by the second device further includes: the second device receiving third superimposed pilot data from the first device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

[0100] The third superimposed pilot data refers to the superimposed pilot data transmitted in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme in practical applications. According to the above embodiment, the first device is the transmitting end in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme, and the second device is the receiving end in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme. That is, in the data acquisition method, the transmitting end in the superimposed pilot transmission scheme can collect the dataset. For example, for a downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, when the network device transmits the third superimposed pilot data to the UE, the network side can be considered to collect the dataset; for an uplink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, when the UE transmits the third superimposed pilot data to the network device, the UE side can be considered to collect the dataset.

[0101] In some embodiments, the dataset information includes first information. In the method performed by the first device, the first device receiving dataset information from the second device includes: the first device receiving first information from the second device; wherein the first information includes first superimposed pilot data. Correspondingly, in the method performed by the second device, the second device sending dataset information to the first device includes: the second device sending first information to the first device; wherein the first information includes first superimposed pilot data. That is, the second device can directly send the first superimposed pilot data to the first device.

[0102] In some embodiments, the dataset information includes second information. In the method performed by the first device, receiving dataset information from the second device further includes: the first device receiving second information from the second device; wherein the second information includes tag data. Correspondingly, in the method performed by the second device, sending dataset information to the first device includes: the second device sending second information to the first device; wherein the second information includes tag data. That is, the second device directly sends both the first superimposed pilot data and the corresponding tag data to the first device. This embodiment is a scheme for directly transmitting datasets.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first information further includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes first superimposed pilot data.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second information further includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes label data.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first information further includes an identifier (ID) for the first superimposed pilot data. Optionally, the ID is used to distinguish the first superimposed pilot data from other superimposed pilot data. For example, the ID may be the ID of the first superimposed pilot data within a set of superimposed pilot data. As another example, the ID may be used to identify the superimposed pilot data corresponding to a specific tag data (e.g., tag data with a specific ID) among multiple superimposed pilot data.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second information further includes an ID of the tag data. Optionally, this ID is used to distinguish the tag data in the second information from other tag data. For example, the ID can be used to identify the tag data corresponding to a specific overlay pilot data (e.g., overlay pilot data with a specific ID) among multiple tag data.

[0107] As explained above, the first superimposed pilot data and tag data are paired data. Therefore, when collecting the dataset, the first device needs to determine the correlation or correspondence between the first information and the second information. Several exemplary methods are provided below.

[0108] Method 1: The first information is transmitted based on a first configuration, and the second information is transmitted based on a second configuration. The first and second configurations are related. It can be understood that when the second device sends information based on a certain configuration, the receiving end also needs to receive information based on the same configuration. Therefore, for the first device, the first information is received based on the first configuration, and the second information is received based on the second configuration; the first and second configurations are related. Here, the configuration may include resource configuration and transmission / reception method-related configurations (e.g., modulation / demodulation methods, encoding / decoding methods, etc.).

[0109] According to the above method, when the first information and the second information transmitted based on the association are received, it can be considered that the first superimposed pilot data in the first information and the tag data in the second information are paired and matched.

[0110] For example, first information is transmitted on a first resource, and second information is transmitted on a second resource, with the first and second resources being associated. That is, the association and transmission of the first overlay pilot data and tag data are completed in the form of "resource pairs". Optionally, the association relationship between the first and second resources may be that they are configured in the same resource group configuration, for example.

[0111] Optionally, the first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

[0112] Method 2: The first and second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

[0113] For example, the first information is retransmission data of the second information. Or, the second information is retransmission data of the first information.

[0114] For example, the first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process. For instance, the first information and the second information use the same process ID.

[0115] For example, in a process, the second device transmits the first information during the initial transmission and the second information during the retransmission; or, the second device transmits the second information during the initial transmission and the first information during the retransmission.

[0116] Optionally, in this method, the two transmissions can be distinguished by specific indication information as either a transmission of first superimposed pilot data or a transmission of tag data. For example, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes first superimposed pilot data; the second information includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes tag data.

[0117] Method 3: The first superimposed pilot data in the first information and the tag data in the second information can be directly associated through ID.

[0118] For example, the IDs of the first overlay pilot data and the tag data that have an association / correspondence relationship are the same or satisfy a matching relationship.

[0119] In other words, the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met:

[0120] The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data;

[0121] The IDs of the first superimposed pilot data and the IDs of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

[0122] It should be understood that the above method of determining the relationship between the first information and the second information is merely exemplary. In practical applications, other methods may also be used to determine the relationship between the first information and the second information, and this application does not limit this.

[0123] In some embodiments, the tag data is pre-agreed upon. For example, the second device may only transmit the first information without transmitting the second information. The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the first information, and obtains the dataset based on the first superimposed pilot data and the pre-agreed tag data.

[0124] Optionally, the tag data may be agreed upon by a protocol, or agreed upon by the first device and the second device, or indicated to the UE by the network device.

[0125] In some embodiments, in the method performed by the first device, the first device receiving dataset information from the second device includes: the first device receiving third information from the second device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of a first channel; the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device. Correspondingly, in the method performed by the second device, the second device sending dataset information to the first device includes: the second device sending third information to the first device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of the first channel, the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

[0126] For example, the third information may include a reference signal, such as one or more of DMRS, PTRS, and CSI-RS. That is, the second device sends a reference signal to the first device, and based on this reference signal, the first device can perform channel estimation to obtain information about the first channel. Furthermore, the first device can construct a dataset based on the information about the first channel.

[0127] For example, the third information may include information from the first channel, that is, the second device directly informs the first device of the information from the first channel, so that the first device can construct a dataset based on the information from the first channel.

[0128] Optionally, the above embodiments can be applied to model training / monitoring in a superimposed pilot transmission scheme based on the first channel. For example, the second device is a network device, the first device is a UE, that is, the first channel is a downlink channel. When the UE collects data for model training / monitoring, the network device can send downlink reference signals or downlink channel information to the UE.

[0129] For example, the aforementioned reference signal is characterized by: all symbols in one or more time slots in the time domain, or one or more specific symbols in one or more time slots; and all subcarriers in one or more resource blocks in the frequency domain, or one or more specific subcarriers in one or more resource blocks. Unlike traditional reference signals, this reference signal is itself used to construct a dataset for the first device. Therefore, for the first device, this reference signal is part of the required dataset information. Although it is formally a reference signal, it is more like treating it as data for processing. For example, assuming the first device is a UE, the transmission of the aforementioned reference signal can be triggered by the first device UE; of course, it is also permissible for the network device to configure the transmission of this reference signal.

[0130] In some embodiments, information from the first channel is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data. Accordingly, the data acquisition method performed by the first device further includes: the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the first channel.

[0131] For example, the data information generated by the first device is used as tag data. Based on the information of the first channel and the data information generated by the device, the first superimposed pilot data is constructed to obtain a pair of first superimposed pilot data and tag data.

[0132] In some embodiments, the information of the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device. That is, the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel includes: the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

[0133] For example, the data information generated by the first device is used as tag data, and the data information and pilot signal are superimposed. The first device obtains the first superimposed pilot data by passing the superimposed signal of the data information and pilot signal through the information of the first channel.

[0134] According to the above embodiments, relying on the third information, the first device can indirectly construct the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data. The second device only needs to transmit the third information to help the first device complete the collection of the dataset, which can reduce transmission overhead.

[0135] In some embodiments, in the method performed by the first device, the first device receiving dataset information from the second device includes: the first device receiving fourth information from the second device; wherein the fourth information includes first superimposed pilot data, which is received data received by the second device corresponding to third superimposed pilot data. Correspondingly, in the method performed by the second device, the second device sending dataset information to the first device includes: the second device sending fourth information to the first device; wherein the fourth information includes first superimposed pilot data, which is received data received by the second device corresponding to third superimposed pilot data.

[0136] Here, "received data" refers to the data actually received and detected by the device. For example, the first device sends data information to the second device using a superimposed pilot transmission scheme; that is, the first device sends third superimposed pilot data to the second device, and correspondingly, the second device receives the third superimposed pilot data. However, due to channel limitations, the data actually received and detected by the second device (i.e., the received data) is the first superimposed pilot data. According to the above embodiment, the second device sending the first superimposed pilot data to the first device can be understood as the second device sending the received superimposed pilot data back to the first device.

[0137] Optionally, the above embodiments can be applied to model training / monitoring in a superimposed pilot transmission scheme where the first device is the data transmitter. For example, the second device is a UE, and the first device is a network device. The network device can use a superimposed pilot transmission scheme to transmit downlink data. When the network device collects datasets for model monitoring, the UE can send back the superimposed pilot data received by the UE to the network device. Since the first device is the data transmitter, that is, the first device itself possesses the data information used to obtain the first superimposed pilot data, by receiving the returned first superimposed pilot data, a pair of first superimposed pilot data and tag data can be formed on the first device side.

[0138] As explained above, the first superimposed pilot data and tag data are paired data. Therefore, when collecting the dataset, the first device needs to determine the association or correspondence between the first superimposed pilot data and the data information used when transmitting the third superimposed pilot data. That is, the first device needs to determine the association between the first superimposed pilot data and the third superimposed pilot data. Several exemplary methods are provided below.

[0139] Method A: The third superimposed pilot data is transmitted / received based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is transmitted / received based on the fourth configuration; the third and fourth configurations are related. Here, the configuration may include resource configuration and transmission / reception mode related configurations (such as modulation mode, coding mode, etc.).

[0140] According to the above method, when the first superimposed pilot data is received based on the fourth configuration, the first device can consider that the first superimposed pilot data and the data information sent out by the first device based on the third configuration are a pair match.

[0141] For example, the first device transmits third superimposed pilot data on a third resource and receives first superimposed pilot data on a fourth resource, wherein the third resource and the fourth resource are associated. That is, the association and transmission of the first superimposed pilot data and the third superimposed pilot data are completed in the form of a "resource pair". Optionally, the association relationship between the third resource and the fourth resource may be configured, for example, in the same resource group configuration.

[0142] Optionally, the third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

[0143] Method B: The association between the first superimposed pilot data and the tag data is determined based on the ID.

[0144] For example, the fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0145] For example, the first device determines the data information with the same ID or with a related ID from the transmitted data information based on the ID of the first superimposed pilot data as the corresponding tag data.

[0146] It should be understood that the above method for determining the correlation between the first superimposed pilot data and the tag data is merely exemplary. In practical applications, other methods can also be used to determine the correlation between the first superimposed pilot data and the tag data, and this application does not limit this.

[0147] In some embodiments, in the method performed by the first device, the first device receiving dataset information from the second device includes: the first device receiving fifth information from the second device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of a second channel, and the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device. Correspondingly, in the method performed by the second device, the second device sending dataset information to the first device includes: the second device sending fifth information to the first device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of a second channel, and the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

[0148] For example, the fifth information may include information about the second channel, that is, the second device directly informs the first device of the information about the second channel, enabling the first device to construct a dataset based on the information about the second channel. For example, the first device is a network device and the second device is a UE. For model training / monitoring of the downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, the UE can transmit the fifth information to the network device. The fifth information is the downlink channel information obtained by the UE based on channel estimation.

[0149] For example, the fifth information may include a reference signal, such as one or more of DMRS, PTRS, and CSI-RS. Optionally, the second device sends a reference signal to the first device, and based on this reference signal, the first device can infer and predict the information of the second channel. Further, the first device can construct a dataset based on the information of the second channel. For example, if the first device is a network device and the second device is a UE, for model training / monitoring of the downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, the UE can transmit the fifth information to the network device. The fifth information is uplink DMRS, SRS, etc., and the network device can infer and predict the corresponding downlink channel information based on the uplink DMRS.

[0150] In some embodiments, information from the second channel is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data. Accordingly, the data acquisition method performed by the first device further includes: the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on information from the second channel.

[0151] For example, the data information generated by the first device is used as tag data, and the first superimposed pilot data is constructed based on the information of the second channel and the self-generated data information, thereby obtaining a pair of first superimposed pilot data and tag data.

[0152] In some embodiments, the information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device. That is, the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel includes: the first device determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

[0153] For example, the data information generated by the first device is used as tag data, and the data information and pilot signal are superimposed. The first device obtains the first superimposed pilot data by passing the superimposed signal of the data information and pilot signal through the information of the second channel.

[0154] According to the above embodiments, relying on the fifth information, the first device can indirectly construct the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data. The second device only needs to transmit the fifth information to help the first device complete the collection of the dataset, which can reduce transmission overhead.

[0155] In some embodiments, the method performed by the first device further includes: the first device sending first capability information to the second device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data. Correspondingly, the method performed by the second device further includes: the second device receiving the first capability information from the first device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data.

[0156] For example, the first capability information can indicate whether the first device has the capability to construct first overlay pilot data and / or tag data. By transmitting the first capability information, the second device can provide dataset information to the first device in an appropriate manner.

[0157] To facilitate understanding of the above methods, specific application examples are provided below for the downlink and uplink superimposed pilot transmission schemes, respectively, to illustrate the specific methods for collecting datasets by the UE (terminal device) or network device.

[0158] For the downlink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, i.e., the network device transmits superimposed pilot data to the UE, application examples one to four are provided.

[0159] Application Example 1:

[0160] Figure 7 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 1. In Application Example 1, the network device instructs / transmits first information to the UE, and the network device instructs / transmits second information to the UE. Wherein:

[0161] The first information is superimposed pilot data Y (corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data in the above embodiment). The superimposed pilot data Y is characterized by the fact that data and pilot signals are transmitted on the same transmission resources, for example, on the same time and frequency domain resources, simultaneously transmitting data and pilot signals. Pilot signals, such as CSI-RS, DMRS, PT-RS, SRS, SSB, PRS, etc., can be transmitted on the same transmission resources as the transmitted data (superimposed transmission).

[0162] The second piece of information is the label data X. The characteristic of label data X is that X can be the corresponding data information D in the superimposed pilot data Y. For example, when training a receiving scheme / model, D needs to be used as label data. For example, when performing performance monitoring, label data D needs to be obtained to determine the reception effect of the superimposed pilot data.

[0163] Application Example 1 is a scheme for directly constructing overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0164] Additionally, it is important to note that the association between the first superimposed pilot data Y and the tag data X needs to be determined. The superimposed pilot data Y and the tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D) need to be paired and matched.

[0165] For example, the association and transmission of overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be accomplished in the form of "resource pairs". For example, as shown in Figure 8, the network indicates that the first resource is used to transmit overlay pilot data Y, and the network indicates that the second resource is used to transmit tag data X. The first and second resources are associated, for example, configured for the UE in the same resource group configuration.

[0166] For example, the association and transmission of overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be achieved through "retransmission," with the initial transmission and retransmission methods differing. For instance, as shown in Figure 9, the first transmission transmits overlay pilot data Y to the UE, for example, using overlay pilot transmission. The second transmission transmits tag data X to the UE, for example, using normal transmission, such as orthogonal pilot transmission. Both transmissions can use the same process (e.g., both process numbers are K), and the two transmissions can be distinguished by specific indication information (e.g., bit indication) to determine whether it is a transmission of overlay pilot data Y or tag data X.

[0167] For example, overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be directly associated using IDs. For instance, as shown in Figure 10, one or a group of overlay pilot data Y and the corresponding one or a group of tag data X are marked and indicated with the same ID (e.g., id_1 in Figure 10). Alternatively, the ID of one or a group of overlay pilot data Y can be associated with the ID of the corresponding one or a group of tag data X; this association can be indicated to the UE via the network.

[0168] Alternatively, the second information can be the specific tag data X agreed upon by the protocol, the network and the UE, or the network instructing the UE to specify it. The UE can determine the tag data X, and the network may not need to separately instruct or transmit the second information to the UE.

[0169] Application Example 2:

[0170] In application example two, the network device transmits third information to the UE. The third information is channel-related information or reference signal, such as one or more of DMRS, PTRS, and CSI-RS.

[0171] For example, network devices transmit specific DMRS, which can be used to estimate channels, such as channel information with precoding information. The UE can use the aforementioned channel information to construct superimposed pilot data Y (e.g., locally generated data information D, using the aforementioned channel information to assist in generating superimposed pilot data Y).

[0172] The aforementioned reference signal is characterized as follows: in the time domain, it represents all symbols within one or more time slots, or one or more specific symbols within one or more time slots; in the frequency domain, it represents all subcarriers within one or more resource blocks, or one or more specific subcarriers within one or more resource blocks. Unlike traditional reference signals, this reference signal is used to construct a dataset for the UE. Therefore, for the UE, this reference signal is part of the required dataset; although it is formally a reference signal, it is processed more like data. For example, the UE can trigger the transmission of the aforementioned reference signal. For instance, the UE can trigger the collection of datasets related to overlaid pilot data by triggering the transmission of a specific DMRS reference signal. Of course, the network can also configure the transmission of specific reference signals.

[0173] The aforementioned reference signal (e.g., DMRS) is used to provide channel information to the UE. This reference signal can be a type of reference signal specifically used for channel estimation. Taking the first DMRS as an example, the first DMRS may not be accompanied by data transmission. For instance, as shown in Figure 11, the first DMRS can be transmitted in the same time slot as other data (e.g., conventional data, i.e., non-overlay transmitted data) and other reference signals (e.g., DMRS for auxiliary data demodulation), occupying different time-frequency resources.

[0174] Application Example 2 is a scheme for indirectly constructing superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). For example, the UE generates original data D, superimposes the original data D with pilot P, obtains channel information H through third information, and then transmits the superimposed signal of the original data D and pilot P through channel H to obtain superimposed pilot data Y. In other words, relying on third information, the UE can indirectly construct superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). Compared to Application Example 1, Application Example 2 only requires the transmission of a specific reference signal (downlink channel information) to help the UE complete the construction of superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0175] Application Example 3:

[0176] Figure 12 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 3. As shown in Figure 12, in Application Example 3, the UE instructs / transmits the fourth piece of information to the network. Wherein:

[0177] The fourth piece of information is the superimposed pilot data Y. The characteristic of superimposed pilot data Y is that data and pilot signals are transmitted on the same transmission resources, for example, on the same time and frequency domain resources, simultaneously transmitting data and pilot signals. Pilot signals, such as CSI-RS, DMRS, PT-RS, SRS, SSB, PRS, etc., can be transmitted on the same transmission resources as the transmitted data (superimposed transmission).

[0178] For the downlink overlay pilot transmission scheme, the network side has tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D, since the source of transmission is the network), but the network side lacks overlay pilot data Y. The UE needs to transmit the overlay pilot data Y corresponding to X back to the network, thereby forming an overlay pilot data set on the network side.

[0179] Application Example 3 is a scheme for directly constructing overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0180] Additionally, it is important to note that the association between the overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X needs to be determined. The overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D) need to be paired and matched.

[0181] For example, as shown in Figure 13, the network configures a third configuration for the UE to receive superimposed pilot data. The network configures a fourth configuration for the UE to transmit superimposed pilot data to the network. For example, the network configures the UE to receive superimposed pilot data on the third resource and to transmit superimposed pilot data on the fourth resource. Optionally, the third and fourth configurations can be associated, such as being configured simultaneously in the same configuration (configuration set). Similarly, the third and fourth resources can be associated, such as being configured simultaneously in the same configuration (configuration set). The configurations here can include configurations required for transmission, such as transmission resources and transmission methods (modulation, coding, etc.). These resources can be time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, etc.

[0182] For example, as shown in Figure 14, overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be directly associated using IDs. For instance, when a UE transmits overlay pilot data Y to the network, the UE also transmits the associated ID information (e.g., id_1) to the network. For example, the ID of one or a group of overlay pilot data Y can be associated with one or a group of tag data X.

[0183] Application Example 4:

[0184] The UE transmits the fifth piece of information to the network. The fifth piece of information is downlink channel-related information, such as downlink channel H1, or downlink channel H2 with precoding information. Alternatively, the fifth piece of information is uplink channel-related information or reference signal, such as uplink DMRS or SRS (for example, the network infers or predicts the corresponding downlink channel or downlink channel with precoding information based on the uplink DMRS).

[0185] Application Example 4 uses a scheme to indirectly construct superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). For example, the network generates raw data D, superimposes the raw data D with pilot P, obtains channel information H through the fifth information, and then passes the superimposed signal of the raw data D and pilot P through channel H to obtain superimposed pilot data Y. In other words, relying on the fifth information, the network can indirectly construct superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0186] Additionally, the UE may indicate whether it has the capability to construct overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0187] For the uplink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, i.e., the UE transmits superimposed pilot data to the network device, application examples five to eight are provided.

[0188] Application Example 5:

[0189] Figure 15 is the interaction flowchart for Application Example 5. In Application Example 1, the UE instructs and transmits the first piece of information to the network, and the UE instructs and transmits the second piece of information to the network, wherein:

[0190] The first piece of information is the superimposed pilot data Y. The characteristic of the superimposed pilot data Y is that the data and pilot signals are transmitted on the same transmission resources, for example, on the same time and frequency domain resources, simultaneously transmitting both data and pilot signals. Pilot signals, such as CSI-RS, DMRS, PT-RS, SRS, SSB, PRS, etc., can be transmitted on the same transmission resources as the transmitted data (superimposed transmission).

[0191] The second piece of information is the label data X. The characteristic of label data X is that X can be the corresponding data information D in the superimposed pilot data Y. For example, when training a receiving scheme / model, D needs to be used as label information. For example, when performing performance monitoring, label data D needs to be obtained to determine the reception effect of the superimposed pilot data.

[0192] Application Example 5 is a scheme for directly constructing overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0193] Additionally, it is important to note that the association between the overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X needs to be determined. The overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D) need to be paired and matched.

[0194] For example, the association and transmission of overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be accomplished in the form of "resource pairs". For example, as shown in Figure 16, the network indicates that the first resource is used to transmit overlay pilot data Y, and the network indicates that the second resource is used to transmit tag data X. The first and second resources are associated, for example, configured for the UE in the same resource group configuration.

[0195] For example, the association and transmission of superimposed pilot data Y and tag data X can be achieved through "retransmission," with the initial transmission and retransmission methods differing. For instance, as shown in Figure 17, the first transmission transmits the superimposed pilot data Y to the network, using a superimposed pilot transmission method. The second transmission transmits the tag data X to the network, using a normal transmission method, such as orthogonal pilot transmission. For example, both transmissions can use the same process (e.g., both process numbers are K), and the two transmissions can be distinguished by specific indication information (e.g., bit indication) to determine whether it is a transmission of superimposed pilot data Y or tag data X.

[0196] For example, overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be directly associated using IDs. For instance, as shown in Figure 18, one or a group of overlay pilot data Y and the corresponding one or a group of tag data X are marked and indicated with the same ID (e.g., id_1 in Figure 18). Alternatively, for example, the ID of one or a group of overlay pilot data Y can be associated with the ID of the corresponding one or a group of tag data X; this association can be indicated to the UE via the network.

[0197] Alternatively, the second information can be the specific tag information X agreed upon by the protocol, the network and the UE, or the network instructing the UE to transmit the second information separately. The network can determine the tag information X, and the UE does not need to separately instruct or transmit the second information to the UE.

[0198] Application Example Six:

[0199] In application example six, the UE transmits third information to the network. The third information is channel-related information or reference signals, such as DMRS or SRS.

[0200] For example, the UE transmits a specific DMRS, which can be used to estimate the channel, such as estimating a channel with precoded information. The network can then use this channel information to construct superimposed pilot data Y (e.g., locally generated data information D, using the aforementioned channel information to assist in generating the superimposed pilot data Y).

[0201] The aforementioned reference signal is characterized as follows: in the time domain, it comprises all symbols within one or more time slots, or one or more specific symbols within one or more time slots; in the frequency domain, it comprises all subcarriers within one or more resource blocks, or one or more specific subcarriers within one or more resource blocks. Unlike traditional reference signals, this reference signal is used to construct a dataset for the network. Therefore, for the network, this reference signal is part of the required dataset. Although it is formally a reference signal, it is processed more like data. For example, the network can configure the transmission of the aforementioned reference signal, such as configuring the collection of datasets related to superimposed pilot data, which is achieved by configuring the transmission of a specific DMRS reference signal.

[0202] The aforementioned reference signal (e.g., uplink DMRS) is used to provide channel information to the network. This reference signal can be a type of reference signal specifically used for channel estimation. Taking the reference signal including the first DMRS as an example, the first DMRS may not be accompanied by data transmission. For example, the first DMRS can be transmitted in the same time slot as other data and other reference signals (e.g., DMRS for auxiliary data demodulation), occupying different time-frequency resources, as shown in Figure 11.

[0203] Application Example 6 is a scheme for indirectly constructing superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). For example, the network generates original data D, and the network itself performs the superposition of the original data D and pilot P. The network obtains channel information H through third information, and the UE obtains superimposed pilot data Y through channel H. In other words, relying on third information, the UE can indirectly construct superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). Compared to Application Example 5, Application Example 6 only requires the transmission of a specific reference signal (uplink channel information) to help the network complete the construction of superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0204] Application Example 7

[0205] Figure 19 is an interactive flowchart of the data acquisition method in Application Example 7. As shown in Figure 19, in Application Example 7, the network transmits the fourth piece of information to the UE. Wherein:

[0206] The fourth piece of information is the superimposed pilot data Y. The characteristic of superimposed pilot data Y is that data and pilot signals are transmitted on the same transmission resources, for example, on the same time and frequency domain resources, simultaneously transmitting data and pilot signals. Pilot signals, such as CSI-RS, DMRS, PT-RS, SRS, SSB, PRS, etc., can be transmitted on the same transmission resources as the transmitted data (superimposed transmission).

[0207] For the uplink superimposed pilot transmission scheme, the UE side has tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D, since the source of transmission is the UE), but the UE side lacks superimposed pilot data Y. The network needs to transmit the superimposed pilot data Y corresponding to X back to the UE, thereby forming a superimposed pilot data set on the UE side.

[0208] Application Example 7 is a scheme for directly constructing overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0209] Additionally, it is important to note that the association between the overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X needs to be determined. The overlaid pilot data Y and the tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D) need to be paired and matched.

[0210] For example, as shown in Figure 20, the network configures a third configuration for the UE to transmit superimposed pilot data. The network configures a fourth configuration for the UE to receive superimposed pilot data. For example, the network configures the UE to transmit superimposed pilot data on the third resource and to receive superimposed pilot data on the fourth resource. For example, the third and fourth configurations can be associated, such as being configured simultaneously in the same configuration (configuration set). Similarly, the third and fourth resources can be associated, such as being configured simultaneously in the same configuration (configuration set). The configurations here can include configurations required for transmission, such as transmission resources and transmission methods (modulation, coding, etc.). These resources can be time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, etc.

[0211] For example, as shown in Figure 21, overlay pilot data Y and tag data X can be directly associated using IDs. For instance, the network transmits overlay pilot data to the UE, and also transmits the associated ID information (e.g., id_1) to the UE. For example, the ID of one or a group of overlay pilot data Y can be associated with one or a group of tag data X.

[0212] Application Example 8:

[0213] The network transmits the fifth piece of information to the UE.

[0214] The fifth piece of information is uplink channel related information, such as uplink channel H1, or uplink channel H2 with precoding information. Alternatively, the fifth piece of information may be downlink channel related information or reference signals, such as DMRS, PTRS, or CSI-RS (e.g., the UE infers or predicts the corresponding uplink channel or uplink channel with precoding information based on downlink DMRS).

[0215] Application Example 8 is a scheme for indirectly constructing superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets). For example, the UE generates raw data D, superimposes the raw data D with pilot P, obtains channel information H through the fifth information, and then passes the superimposed signal of the raw data D and pilot P through channel H to obtain superimposed pilot data Y. In other words, relying on the fifth information, the UE can indirectly construct superimposed pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0216] Additionally, the UE may indicate whether it has the capability to construct overlay pilot data and / or tag data (sets).

[0217] In the above embodiments and application examples, when the network indication information is given to the UE, one or more of the following can be used: (1) broadcast message, (2) RRC message, (3) MAC CE, (4) DCI message, (5) PDCCH, (6) PDSCH, (7) downlink reference signal transmission, (8) AI / ML dedicated downlink channel, (9) network-side capability indication, (10) specific dataset transmission channel, (11) specific dataset transmission container.

[0218] In the above process, when the UE indicates information to the network, one or more of the following can be used: (1) RRC message, (2) UCI ​​message, (3) PUCCH, (4) PUSCH, (5) Uplink reference signal transmission, (6) AI / ML dedicated uplink channel, (7) UE-side capability indication, (8) specific dataset transmission channel, (9) specific dataset transmission container.

[0219] As can be seen, this application provides a data acquisition method that can be applied to scenarios using a superimposed pilot transmission scheme to form superimposed pilot data and matched tag data for model training and performance monitoring. For the superimposed pilot SIP scheme, the air interface transmits information obtained by superimposing data and pilot signals (original data information D, pilot signal P, and Y obtained under the combined influence of channel H), and the desired outcome is to recover the original data information D. During the model training and performance monitoring phases, it is necessary to consider how to construct a data acquisition scheme for the superimposed pilot SIP scheme, thereby forming superimposed pilot data and matched tag data for constructing model training data and performance monitoring data. This application mainly solves two problems:

[0220] (1) The dataset not only contains superimposed pilot data Y, but can also be obtained directly or indirectly by means of superimposed pilot data Y and label data X (e.g., corresponding original data information D) for model training and performance monitoring.

[0221] (2) The association between the overlay pilot data Y and the tag data X can be determined. The overlay pilot data Y and the tag data X (e.g., corresponding to the original data information D) need to be matched in pairs, and this matching relationship needs to be known by the UE or the network.

[0222] In summary, the method according to the embodiments of this application enables the first device to collect first superimposed pilot data and / or corresponding tag data, thereby enabling the use of dataset information for training or monitoring of related models. This facilitates the application of superimposed pilot data in actual data transmission processes and improves the utilization rate of transmission resources.

[0223] Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a first device 2200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The first device 2200 may include:

[0224] The first communication module 2210 is used to receive dataset information from the second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes data information.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0227] The first device receives second superimposed pilot data from the second device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

[0228] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0229] Receive first information from the second device; wherein the first information includes first superimposed pilot data.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0231] Receive second information from the second device; wherein the second information includes tag data.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first information is received based on a first configuration, the second information is received based on a second configuration, and the first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

[0233] In some embodiments, the first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

[0235] In some embodiments, the first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

[0236] In some embodiments, the second information further includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes label data.

[0237] In some embodiments, the second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

[0238] In some embodiments, the first information further includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes first superimposed pilot data.

[0239] In some embodiments, the first information may further include the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

[0240] In some embodiments, the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data are the same; the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

[0241] In some embodiments, the tag data is pre-agreed upon.

[0242] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is configured to: receive third information from the second device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of the first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

[0243] In some embodiments, the third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

[0244] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG23, the first device further includes:

[0245] The first processing module 2310 is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel.

[0246] In some embodiments, the first processing module 2310 is configured to:

[0247] Based on the information from the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device, the first superimposed pilot data is determined.

[0248] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0249] Send third superimposed pilot data to the second device; wherein, the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

[0250] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0251] The device receives fourth information from the second device; wherein the fourth information includes first superimposed pilot data, which is received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

[0252] In some embodiments, the third superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on a third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is received based on a fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are associated.

[0253] In some embodiments, the third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

[0254] In some embodiments, the fourth information further includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0255] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is configured to: receive fifth information from the second device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

[0256] In some embodiments, the fifth information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

[0257] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG24, the first device further includes:

[0258] The second processing module 2410 is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the second channel.

[0259] In some embodiments, the second processing module 2410 is used for:

[0260] Based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device, the first superimposed pilot data is determined.

[0261] In some embodiments, the first communication module 2210 is used for:

[0262] Send first capability information to the second device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data.

[0263] The first device 2200 in this application embodiment can realize the corresponding functions of the first device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processes, functions, implementation methods, and beneficial effects of each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the first device 2200 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the first device 2200 of this application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units, or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.).

[0264] Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a second device 2500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The second device 2500 may include:

[0265] The second communication module 2510 is used to send dataset information to the first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0266] In some embodiments, the first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes data information.

[0267] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is used for:

[0268] Send second superimposed pilot data to the first device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

[0269] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is used for:

[0270] Send first information to the first device; wherein the first information includes first superimposed pilot data.

[0271] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is used for:

[0272] Send second information to the first device; wherein the second information includes tag data.

[0273] In some embodiments, the first information is received based on a first configuration, the second information is received based on a second configuration, and the first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

[0275] In some embodiments, the first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

[0277] In some embodiments, the second information further includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes label data.

[0278] In some embodiments, the second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

[0279] In some embodiments, the first information further includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes first superimposed pilot data.

[0280] In some embodiments, the first information may further include the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

[0281] In some embodiments, the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data are the same; the ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

[0282] In some embodiments, the tag data is pre-agreed upon.

[0283] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is configured to: send third information to the first device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of the first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

[0284] In some embodiments, the third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

[0285] In some embodiments, information from the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

[0286] In some embodiments, the information of the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

[0287] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is used for:

[0288] The third superimposed pilot data is received from the first device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

[0289] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is used for:

[0290] Send a fourth message to the first device; wherein the fourth message includes first superimposed pilot data, which is the received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

[0291] In some embodiments, the third superimposed pilot data is received based on a third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on a fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are associated.

[0292] In some embodiments, the third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

[0293] In some embodiments, the fourth information further includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0294] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is configured to: send fifth information to the first device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

[0295] In some embodiments, the fifth information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

[0296] In some embodiments, information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

[0297] In some embodiments, the information of the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

[0298] In some embodiments, the second communication module 2510 is configured to: receive first capability information from the first device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data.

[0299] The second device 2500 in this application embodiment can realize the corresponding functions of the second device in the foregoing method embodiments. The processes, functions, implementation methods, and beneficial effects of each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the second device 2500 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.) in the second device 2500 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units, or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit, or component, etc.).

[0300] Figure 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2600 according to an embodiment of this application. The communication device 2600 includes a processor 2610, which can call and run computer programs from memory to enable the communication device 2600 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0301] In one embodiment, the communication device 2600 may further include a memory 2620. The processor 2610 can retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 2620 to enable the communication device 2600 to implement the methods described in the embodiments of this application.

[0302] The memory 2620 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2610, or it can be integrated into the processor 2610.

[0303] In one embodiment, the communication device 2600 may further include a transceiver 2630, and the processor 2610 may control the transceiver 2630 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it may send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0304] The transceiver 2630 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 2630 may further include an antenna, which may be one or more.

[0305] In one embodiment, the communication device 2600 may be the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 2600 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0306] In one embodiment, the communication device 2600 may be the second device in the embodiments of this application, and the communication device 2600 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0307] Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 2700 according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 2700 includes a processor 2710, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0308] In one embodiment, chip 2700 may further include memory 2720. Processor 2710 can retrieve and run computer programs from memory 2720 to implement the methods executed by a terminal device or network device in this embodiment.

[0309] The memory 2720 can be a separate device independent of the processor 2710, or it can be integrated into the processor 2710.

[0310] In one embodiment, the chip 2700 may further include an input interface 2730. The processor 2710 can control the input interface 2730 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0311] In one embodiment, the chip 2700 may further include an output interface 2740. The processor 2710 can control the output interface 2740 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0312] In one implementation, the chip can be applied to the first device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0313] In one implementation, the chip can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0314] The chips used in the first device and the second device can be the same chip or different chips.

[0315] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0316] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processors mentioned above can be microprocessors or any conventional processor.

[0317] The aforementioned memory can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or a combination of both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM).

[0318] It should be understood that the above-described memory is exemplary and not a limiting description. For example, the memory in the embodiments of this application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM), etc. That is to say, the memory in the embodiments of this application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0319] Figure 28 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2800 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 2800 includes a first device 2810 and a second device 2820.

[0320] The second device 2820 is used to send dataset information to the first device 2810;

[0321] The first device 2810 is used to receive dataset information from the second device 2820. The dataset information is used by the first device 2810 to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

[0322] The first device 2810 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first device in the above method, and the second device 820 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, further details are omitted here.

[0323] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0324] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0325] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0326] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A data acquisition method, comprising: The first device receives dataset information from the second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The method further includes: The first device receives second superimposed pilot data from the second device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first device receives dataset information from the second device, including: The first device receives first information from the second device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The first device receives dataset information from the second device, and also includes: The first device receives second information from the second device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

8. The method of any one of claims 5-7, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

10. The method of any one of claims 5-9, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

11. The method of any one of claims 4-10, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

12. The method of any one of claims 5-10, wherein, The second information also includes the identifier ID of the tag data.

13. The method of any one of claims 4-12, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

14. The method of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

15. The method of any one of claims 1-14, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

16. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first device receives dataset information from the second device, including: The first device receives third information from the second device; wherein the third information is used to determine information about a first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

18. The method of claim 16 or 17, wherein, The method further includes: The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, including: The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

20. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The method further includes: The first device sends third superimposed pilot data to the second device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

21. The method of claim 1, 2, or 20, wherein, The first device receives dataset information from the second device, including: The first device receives fourth information from the second device; wherein the fourth information includes the first superimposed pilot data, which is the received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is received based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

24. The method of any one of claims 21-23, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

25. The method of claim 1, 2, or 20, wherein, The first device receives dataset information from the second device, including: The first device receives fifth information from the second device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

27. The method of claim 25 or 26, wherein, The method further includes: The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein, The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on information from the second channel, including: The first device determines the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

29. The method of any one of claims 1-28, wherein, The method further includes: The first device sends first capability information to the second device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

30. A data acquisition method, comprising: The second device sends dataset information to the first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

32. The method of claim 30 or 31, wherein, The method further includes: The second device sends second superimposed pilot data to the first device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

33. The method of any one of claims 30-32, wherein, The second device sends dataset information to the first device, including: The second device sends first information to the first device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein, The second device sends dataset information to the first device, and also includes: The second device sends second information to the first device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

37. The method of any one of claims 34-36, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

39. The method of any one of claims 34-38, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

40. The method of any one of claims 33-39, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

41. The method of any one of claims 34-39, wherein, The second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

42. The method of any one of claims 33-41, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

43. The method of any one of claims 30-42, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

44. The method of any one of claims 30-43, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

45. The method of any one of claims 30-32, wherein, The second device sends dataset information to the first device, including: The second device sends third information to the first device; wherein the third information is used to determine information about the first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

47. The method of claim 45 or 46, wherein, The information from the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein, The information of the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

49. The method of claim 30 or 31, wherein, The method further includes: The second device receives third superimposed pilot data from the first device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

50. The method of claim 30, 31, or 49, wherein, The second device sends dataset information to the first device, including: The second device sends fourth information to the first device; wherein the fourth information includes the first superimposed pilot data, and the first superimposed pilot data is the received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is received based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

53. The method of any one of claims 50-52, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

54. The method of claim 30, 31, or 49, wherein, The second device sends dataset information to the first device, including: The second device sends fifth information to the first device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information about the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

55. The method of claim 54, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

56. The method of claim 54 or 55, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

58. The method of any one of claims 30-57, wherein, The method further includes: The second device receives first capability information from the first device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

59. A first device, comprising: A first communication module is configured to receive dataset information from a second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

60. The first device of claim 59, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

61. The first device of claim 59 or 60, wherein, The first communication module is used for: The first device receives second superimposed pilot data from the second device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

62. The first device of any of claims 59-61, wherein, The first communication module is used for: Receive first information from the second device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

63. The first device of claim 62, wherein, The first communication module is used for: Receive second information from the second device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

64. The first device of claim 63, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

65. The first device of claim 64, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

66. The first device according to any one of claims 63-65, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

67. The first device of claim 66, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

68. The first device of any one of claims 63-67, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

69. The first device of any one of claims 62-68, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

70. The first device of any one of claims 63-68, wherein, The second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

71. The first device of any of claims 62-70, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

72. The first device of any of claims 59-71, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

73. The first device of any of claims 59-72, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

74. The first device of any one of claims 59-61, wherein, The first communication module is used for: Receive third information from the second device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of the first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

75. The first device of claim 74, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

76. The first device of claim 74 or 75, wherein, The first device also includes: The first processing module is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel.

77. The first device of claim 76, wherein, The first processing module is used for: Based on the information from the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device, the first superimposed pilot data is determined.

78. The first device of claim 59 or 60, wherein, The first communication module is used for: Send third superimposed pilot data to the second device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

79. The first device of claim 59, 60, or 78, wherein, The first communication module is used for: The device receives fourth information from the second device; wherein the fourth information includes the first superimposed pilot data, and the first superimposed pilot data is received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

80. The first device of claim 79, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is received based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

81. The first device of claim 80, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

82. The first device of any one of claims 79-81, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

83. The first device of claim 59, 60, or 78, wherein, The first communication module is used for: The system receives fifth information from the second device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information about the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

84. The first device of claim 83, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

85. The first device of claim 83 or 84, wherein, The first device also includes: The second processing module is used to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the second channel.

86. The first device of claim 85, wherein, The second processing module is used for: The first superimposed pilot data is determined based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data generated by the first device.

87. The first device of any of claims 59-86, wherein, The first communication module is used for: Send first capability information to the second device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

88. A second device, comprising: The second communication module is used to send dataset information to the first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

89. The second device of claim 88, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

90. The second device of claim 88 or 89, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send second superimposed pilot data to the first device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

91. The second device according to any one of claims 88-90, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send first information to the first device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

92. The second device of claim 91, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send second information to the first device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

93. The second device of claim 92, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

94. The second device of claim 93, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

95. The second device according to any one of claims 92-94, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

96. The second device of claim 95, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

97. The second device of any of claims 92-96, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

98. The second device of any of claims 91-97, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

99. The second device of any of claims 92-97, wherein, The second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

100. The second device of any of claims 91-99, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

101. The second device of any of claims 88-100, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

102. The second device of any of claims 88-101, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

103. The second device according to any one of claims 88-90, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send third information to the first device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of the first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

104. The second device according to claim 103, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

105. The second device according to claim 103 or 104, wherein, The information from the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

106. The second device according to claim 105, wherein, The information of the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

107. The second device of claim 88 or 89, wherein, The second communication module is used for: The third superimposed pilot data is received from the first device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

108. The second device according to claim 88, 89 or 107, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send a fourth message to the first device; wherein the fourth message includes the first superimposed pilot data, and the first superimposed pilot data is the received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

109. The second device according to claim 108, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is received based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

110. The second device according to claim 109, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

111. The second device according to any one of claims 108-110, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

112. The second device according to claim 88, 89 or 107, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Send a fifth message to the first device; wherein the fifth message is used to determine information of the second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

113. The second device according to claim 112, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

114. The second device according to claim 112 or 113, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

115. The second device according to claim 114, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

116. The second device according to any one of claims 88-115, wherein, The second communication module is used for: Receive first capability information from the first device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

117. A first device, comprising: The transceiver, processor, and memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices, and the processor invokes and runs the computer program stored in the memory to cause the first device to perform: The first device receives dataset information from a second device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine first superimposed pilot data and / or tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

118. The first device according to claim 117, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

119. The first device according to claim 117 or 118, wherein, The processor is also configured to cause the first device to perform: The first device receives second superimposed pilot data from the second device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

120. The first device according to any one of claims 117-119, wherein, The processor is also configured to cause the first device to perform: Receive first information from the second device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

121. The first device according to claim 120, wherein, The processor is also configured to cause the first device to perform: Receive second information from the second device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

122. The first device according to claim 121, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

123. The first device according to claim 122, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

124. The first device according to any one of claims 121-123, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

125. The first device according to claim 124, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

126. The first device according to any one of claims 121-125, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

127. The first device according to any one of claims 121-126, wherein, The second information also includes the identifier ID of the tag data.

128. The first device according to any one of claims 120-127, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

129. The first device according to any one of claims 120-128, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

130. The first device according to any one of claims 117-129, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

131. The first device according to any one of claims 117-130, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

132. The first device according to any one of claims 117-119, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: receiving third information from the second device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of a first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

133. The first device according to claim 132, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

134. The first device according to claim 132 or 133, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: determining the first superimposed pilot data based on information from the first channel.

135. The first device according to claim 134, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

136. The first device according to claim 117 or 118, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: sending third superimposed pilot data to the second device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

137. The first device according to claim 117, 118 or 136, wherein, The processor is also configured to cause the first device to perform: The device receives fourth information from the second device; wherein the fourth information includes the first superimposed pilot data, and the first superimposed pilot data is received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

138. The first device according to claim 137, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is received based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

139. The first device according to claim 138, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

140. The first device according to any one of claims 137-139, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

141. The first device according to claim 117, 118 or 136, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: receiving fifth information from the second device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of a second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

142. The first device according to claim 141, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

143. The first device according to claim 141 or 142, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: determining the first superimposed pilot data based on information from the second channel.

144. The first device according to claim 143, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: determining the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

145. The first device according to any one of claims 117-144, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the first device to perform: sending first capability information to the second device; wherein the first capability information is used to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

146. A second device, comprising: The transceiver, processor, and memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices, and the processor invokes and runs the computer program stored in the memory to cause the second device to perform: Send dataset information to a first device; wherein the dataset information is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

147. The second device according to claim 146, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data is obtained based on data information and pilot signals, and the tag data includes the data information and / or pilot signals and / or channel information.

148. The second device according to claim 146 or 147, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending second superimposed pilot data to the first device; wherein the second superimposed pilot data is used by the first device to acquire data information.

149. The second device according to any one of claims 146-148, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending first information to the first device; wherein the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

150. The second device according to claim 149, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending second information to the first device; wherein the second information includes the tag data.

151. The second device according to claim 150, wherein, The first information is received based on a first configuration, and the second information is received based on a second configuration. The first configuration and the second configuration are associated.

152. The second device according to claim 151, wherein, The first configuration and the second configuration are configured by the network device.

153. The second device according to any one of claims 150-152, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted together in the form of retransmission.

154. The second device according to claim 153, wherein, The first information and the second information are transmitted using the same process.

155. The second device according to any one of claims 150-154, wherein, The second information also includes second indication information, which indicates that the second information includes the tag data.

156. The second device according to any one of claims 150-155, wherein, The second information also includes the ID of the tag data.

157. The second device according to any one of claims 149-156, wherein, The first information also includes first indication information, which indicates that the first information includes the first superimposed pilot data.

158. The second device according to any one of claims 149-157, wherein, The first information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data.

159. The second device according to any one of claims 146-158, wherein, The first superimposed pilot data and the tag data are confirmed to match when one or more of the following conditions are met: The ID of the first superimposed pilot data is the same as the ID of the tag data; The ID of the first superimposed pilot data and the ID of the tag data satisfy a predefined or pre-configured matching relationship.

160. The second device according to any one of claims 146-159, wherein, The tag data is pre-agreed upon.

161. The second device according to any one of claims 146-148, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending third information to the first device; wherein the third information is used to determine information of a first channel; wherein the first channel is used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

162. The second device according to claim 161, wherein, The third information includes information from the first channel or a reference signal.

163. The second device according to claim 161 or 162, wherein, The information from the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

164. The second device according to claim 163, wherein, The information of the first channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information of the first channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

165. The second device according to claim 146 or 147, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: receiving third superimposed pilot data from the first device; wherein the third superimposed pilot data is used by the second device to acquire data information.

166. The second device according to claim 146, 147 or 165, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending fourth information to the first device; wherein the fourth information includes the first superimposed pilot data, the first superimposed pilot data being received data received by the second device corresponding to the third superimposed pilot data.

167. The second device according to claim 166, wherein, The third superimposed pilot data is received based on the third configuration, and the first superimposed pilot data is transmitted based on the fourth configuration; the third configuration and the fourth configuration are related.

168. The second device according to claim 167, wherein, The third and fourth configurations are configured by the network device.

169. The second device according to any one of claims 166-168, wherein, The fourth information also includes the ID of the first superimposed pilot data, which is used by the first device to determine the tag data corresponding to the first superimposed pilot data.

170. The second device according to claim 146, 147 or 165, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: sending fifth information to the first device; wherein the fifth information is used to determine information of a second channel; wherein the second channel is used by the first device to transmit data to the second device.

171. The second device according to claim 170, wherein, The fifth piece of information includes information from the second channel or a reference signal.

172. The second device according to claim 170 or 171, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data.

173. The second device according to claim 172, wherein, The information from the second channel is used by the first device to determine the first superimposed pilot data based on the information from the second channel, the pilot signal, and the data information generated by the first device.

174. The second device according to any one of claims 146-173, wherein, The processor is further configured to cause the second device to perform: receiving first capability information from the first device; wherein the first capability information is configured to indicate whether the first device has the capability to determine the first superimposed pilot data and / or the tag data.

175. A chip, comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 29.

176. A chip, comprising: A processor for retrieving and running a computer program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 30 to 58.

177. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29.

178. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run by a device, causes the device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 30 to 58.

179. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29.

180. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 30 to 58.

181. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29.

182. A computer program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 30 to 58.

183. A communication system, comprising: A first device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 29; A second device for performing the method as described in any one of claims 30 to 58.

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