Power control method, communication apparatus, and communication system

Abstract

A power control method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system. The method comprises: a terminal determining a path loss of a sensing target on the basis of receive power of a path loss reference signal on a sensing target path; determining first transmit power on the basis of the path loss of the sensing target; and transmitting a sensing signal on the basis of the first transmit power. A terminal only performs measurement for a path loss of a sensing target path, thereby eliminating the impact of the path loss of a non-sensing target path. Accordingly, transmit power of a sensing signal can be accurately determined, thereby facilitating an improvement in the sensing precision.

Description

A power control method, a communication device, and a communication system

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411931376.4, filed on December 24, 2024, entitled "A Power Control Method, Communication Device and Communication System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a power control method, communication device and communication system. Background Technology

[0004] During the propagation of electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the transmitter in a wireless channel, the signal strength decreases upon arrival at the receiver due to path loss. When the receiver is far away, the transmitter needs to appropriately increase the signal transmission power to compensate for the effects of path loss.

[0005] For sensing services, higher transmit power can improve the receive signal-to-noise ratio and ensure sensing accuracy. However, if the transmitter uses excessively high transmit power, it will cause strong interference to other transmission processes at the same time, consume more energy, and be detrimental to energy conservation, especially to the battery life of the terminal. Therefore, transmit power control at the transmitter is necessary.

[0006] For sensing services, how to control power to improve sensing accuracy requires further research. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a power control method, a communication device, and a communication system to improve sensing accuracy.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power control method that can be applied to the terminal side, for example, where the execution entity is a terminal or a communication module within the terminal, or a circuit or chip (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core) responsible for communication functions within the terminal. The method includes: determining the path loss of a sensing target path based on a first received power, where the first received power is the received power of a path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path is the path where the sensing target is located, where M is a positive integer; determining a first transmitted power based on the path loss of the sensing target path; and transmitting a sensing signal based on the first transmitted power.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the terminal determines the path loss of the sensing target based on the received power of the path loss reference signal on the sensing target path, determines the first transmission power based on the path loss of the sensing target, and transmits the sensing signal according to the first transmission power. Since the terminal only measures the path loss of the sensing target path, the influence of the path loss of non-sensing target paths is eliminated, thus enabling accurate determination of the transmission power of the sensing signal, which helps to improve the sensing accuracy.

[0010] As one possible implementation method, it also includes: receiving the path loss reference signal through N paths, where the N paths include the M sensing target paths, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0011] As one possible implementation, the M sensing target paths are associated with one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, by using one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range to indicate the path of the perceived target, accurate indication of the path of the perceived target can be achieved.

[0013] As one possible implementation method, the method includes: receiving first information, the first information including one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or including the index of the M sensing target paths.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, by using one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angle range to indicate the path of the perceived target, or by using the index of the perceived target path to indicate the path of the perceived target, the path of the perceived target can be accurately indicated.

[0015] As one possible implementation method, it also includes: selecting the M target perception paths from the N paths based on the first information.

[0016] As one possible implementation, the first received power is the average of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, the first received power is defined to be related only to the path of the sensing target and not to the path of the non-sensing target. Therefore, the transmission power of the sensing signal can be accurately determined, which helps to improve the sensing accuracy.

[0018] As one possible implementation method, the M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; the first received power is the minimum value among multiple second received powers, each of the multiple second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal in one of the multiple sensing target path groups, and the multiple second received powers correspond one-to-one with the multiple sensing target path groups.

[0019] Based on the above scheme, for each sensing target, corresponding to one or more sensing target paths, it is possible to accurately measure the received power corresponding to each sensing target.

[0020] As one possible implementation method, it also includes: receiving second information, which is used to indicate the plurality of perceived target path groups.

[0021] Based on the above scheme, the path group of the perceived target can be accurately determined by the indication of the second information.

[0022] As one possible implementation, the second information includes information on a plurality of sensing target path groups, wherein the information of each sensing target path group includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

[0023] As one possible implementation, transmitting a sensing signal based on the first transmission power includes: transmitting the sensing signal based on the first transmission power and the minimum value among all powers in the power set; wherein the power set includes one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, a third transmission power, or a fourth transmission power; the third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network device.

[0024] Based on the above scheme, by sending the sensing signal according to the first transmission power and the minimum value among all powers in the power set, the most suitable transmission power can be selected to send the sensing signal, which helps to avoid interference with the communication of other terminals due to excessive transmission power.

[0025] As one possible implementation, the method further includes: transmitting the path loss reference signal according to a fifth transmission power; wherein the fifth transmission power is the initial transmission power, or the minimum value among the initial transmission power and all powers in the power set, the power set including one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, the third transmission power, or the fourth transmission power; the third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network device.

[0026] Based on the above scheme, for scenarios where the terminal transmits and receives path loss reference signals and sensing signals on its own, the appropriate transmission power of the path loss reference signal can be determined for the terminal, which in turn helps the terminal to accurately determine the transmission power of the sensing signal, thereby improving the sensing accuracy.

[0027] As one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving third information, which indicates the initial transmission power or indicates a mapping relationship between the initial transmission power and a set of parameters, the set of parameters including one or more of the sensing service type, the sensing range, or the radar cross section (RCS) of the sensing target.

[0028] Based on the above scheme, indicating the initial transmission power through third information, or indicating the mapping relationship between the initial transmission power and the parameter set, helps the terminal to quickly and accurately determine the initial transmission power.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power control method that can be applied to the network side, for example, the executing entity being an access network device on the network side, a module (e.g., a circuit, chip, or chip system) within the access network device, or a logic node, logic module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device. The method includes: transmitting a path loss reference signal; and receiving a sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal is transmitted based on a first transmission power, the first transmission power being determined based on the path loss of the sensing target path, the path loss of the sensing target path being determined based on a first reception power, the first reception power being the reception power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path being the path where the sensing target is located.

[0030] As one possible implementation method, it also includes: sending path loss reference signals through N paths, where the N paths include the M sensing target paths, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0031] As one possible implementation, the M sensing target paths are associated with one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

[0032] As one possible implementation method, the method includes: sending first information, the first information including one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or including the index of the M sensing target paths.

[0033] As one possible implementation, the first information is used to select the M target paths from the N paths.

[0034] As one possible implementation, the first received power is the average of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

[0035] As one possible implementation method, the M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; the first received power is the minimum value among multiple second received powers, each of the multiple second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal in one of the multiple sensing target path groups, and the multiple second received powers correspond one-to-one with the multiple sensing target path groups.

[0036] As one possible implementation method, it also includes: sending a second message, which is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups.

[0037] As one possible implementation, the second information includes information on a plurality of sensing target path groups, wherein the information of each sensing target path group includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

[0038] For the beneficial effects of the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect, refer to the beneficial effects of the first aspect or the corresponding implementation of the first aspect.

[0039] As one possible implementation, the first received power in this application may also refer to the received power (e.g., average power or total power) of the path loss reference signal within the range to be sensed.

[0040] As one possible implementation, the first received power in this application may also refer to the minimum received power of the path loss reference signal within one or more sub-ranges to be sensed, where each sub-range corresponds to a received power. The received power of the path loss reference signal within each sub-range may be the average power or total power of the path loss reference signal within that sub-range.

[0041] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device that has the functions of the first aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units or means for performing the operations involved in the first aspect above. These modules, units or means can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of software and hardware.

[0042] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device that has the functions of the second aspect above. For example, the communication device includes modules, units or means corresponding to the operations involved in the second aspect above. The modules, units or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0043] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the first aspect. The one or more processors can execute the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0044] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0045] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0046] The aforementioned communication device may be a terminal, a communication module in a terminal, or a chip in a terminal that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip containing a modem module.

[0047] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the second aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect above. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0048] The aforementioned communication device may be an access network device, a module (e.g., a circuit, chip, or chip system) within the access network device, or a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network device.

[0049] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a chip (or chip system) including a processor for implementing any of the possible implementation methods of the first to second aspects described above.

[0050] Eighthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the method in any of the possible designs of the first to second aspects described above.

[0051] Ninthly, this application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the method in any of the possible designs of the first to second aspects described above.

[0052] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a communication system, including a terminal and an access network device. The terminal is used to perform any of the possible implementations of the first aspect described above. The access network device is used to receive sensing signals.

[0053] Eleventhly, this application provides a communication system including a terminal and an access network device. The access network device is configured to perform any possible implementation of the second aspect described above; the terminal is configured to receive a path loss reference signal; and to transmit a sensing signal to the access network device, the sensing signal being transmitted based on a first transmission power determined based on the path loss of a sensing target path, the path loss of the sensing target path being determined based on a first reception power, the first reception power being the reception power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, the sensing target path being the path where the sensing target is located. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of a possible, non-limiting system;

[0055] Figure 1(b) is an example diagram of the O-RAN system provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 1(c) is a diagram showing the network element function division and protocol layer structure of the O-RAN equipment provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of collaborative sensing between access network equipment and terminals;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of terminal-to-terminal collaborative sensing;

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the terminal's self-sensing and self-receiving capabilities;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of one sensing target corresponding to multiple sensing target paths provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 8 is a possible exemplary block diagram of the communication device involved in the embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0065] Figure 1(a) is a possible, non-limiting system schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 1(a), the communication system 10 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. Optionally, the communication system also includes an Internet 300. RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (110a and 110b in Figure 1(a), collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (120a-120j in Figure 1(a), collectively referred to as 120). RAN 100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay devices and / or wireless backhaul devices (not shown in Figure 1(a)). Terminal 120 is wirelessly connected to RAN node 110. RAN node 110 is wirelessly or wired connected to core network 200. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0066] RAN100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4th generation (4G), 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems. RAN100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0067] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative. For example, in Figure 1(a), network element 120i can be a helicopter or drone, which can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j accessing RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes both referred to as communication devices. For example, in Figure 1(a), network elements 110a and 110b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, and network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0068] In one possible scenario, the RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. The RAN node can be a macro base station (110a in Figure 1(a)), a micro base station or indoor station (110b in Figure 1(a)), a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the RAN node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The RAN node can also be equipped with communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. The RAN node can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions, as well as corresponding program instructions. The RAN node in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the RAN node's functions.

[0069] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU) (also called a control unit), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio equipment, such as in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0070] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0071] A terminal can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. A terminal can also be called a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, transportation vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, communication modules, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. A terminal typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication function. The terminal can also be configured with program instructions for performing the corresponding communication function.

[0072] Figure 1(b) is an example diagram of the O-RAN system provided in this application. In this system, the access network equipment (e.g., an eNB, gNB, or next-generation access network equipment) communicates with the core network via a backhaul link and with the terminal via an air interface. Specifically, the baseband unit in the access network equipment communicates with the core network via a backhaul link, and the radio frequency unit in the access network equipment communicates with at least one terminal via an air interface. The baseband unit communicates with at least one radio frequency unit via a fronthaul link. The baseband unit and the RU may or may not be co-located. The baseband unit includes at least one centralized unit and at least one distributed unit, which can communicate via at least one midhaul link. It should be noted that the O-RAN system may include other components besides those shown in Figure 1(b).

[0073] Figure 1(c) shows the network element function partitioning and protocol layer structure of the O-RAN equipment provided in this application. In some examples, the CU is a logical node that carries the radio resource control (RRC) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network equipment. The CU is connected to network nodes such as the core network through some interfaces, which may be interfaces such as E2 interfaces. Optionally, the CU may have some functions of the core network. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and higher layers) is connected to the DU (e.g., the RLC layer and lower layers) through some interfaces, which may be interfaces such as F1 interfaces. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, terminal context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). F1AP is the application protocol of the F1 interface, and in some examples, the signaling procedures of F1 are defined. The F1 interface supports the control plane F1-C and the user plane F1-U.

[0074] In some examples, the CU can be split into CU-CP (control unit-control plane) and CU-UP (control unit-user plane). CU-CP is a logical node carrying the RRC layer and PDCP-C (control plane part of PDCP) layer, used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements in the core network can be access and mobility function network elements, such as the access and mobility management function (AMF) network element in a 5G system. The AMF network element is responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, such as terminal location updates, terminal registration with the network, and terminal handover. CU-UP is a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and PDCP-U (user plane part of PDCP) layer, used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. In the core network, network elements used to implement user plane functions, such as the user plane function (UPF) network element in a 5G system, are responsible for forwarding and receiving data in terminals. The above configuration of CU and DU is merely an example; the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or to have only some protocol layer processing functions. For instance, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency, placing functions that need to meet low latency requirements in the DU and functions that do not need to meet such latency requirements in the CU.

[0075] In some examples, a DU is a logical node that carries the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, higher physical layer (PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU connects to the RU through interfaces, which may be fronthaul interfaces. In some examples, the higher PHY layer includes the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, and demodulation.

[0076] In some examples, the RU is a logical node that carries both lower physical layer (PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, the RU can be a 3GPP transmission reception point (TRP), a remote radio head (RRH), or other similar entities. In some examples, the low-PHY includes PHY processing functions such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering. The RU communicates with one or more terminals via a wireless link.

[0077] The DU and RU can be co-located or not. The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a lower-layer split-control, user, and synchronization (LLS-CUS) interface through a fronthaul link. LLS-CUS may include LLS-C and LLS-U interfaces, respectively providing the control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane). In some examples, the control plane (C-plane) refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The DU and RU exchange management information via an LLS-M interface on the fronthaul link; the management plane (M-plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU.

[0078] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0079] During the propagation of electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the transmitter in a wireless channel, the signal strength decreases upon arrival at the receiver due to path loss. When the receiver is far away, the transmitter needs to appropriately increase the signal transmission power to compensate for the impact of path loss. On the one hand, for communication services, higher transmission power helps reduce block error rate and packet loss rate, improves transmission reliability, and also facilitates the application of higher-order modulation and coding schemes (MCS), improving spectral efficiency. For sensing services, higher transmission power also helps improve the received signal-to-noise ratio, ensuring sensing accuracy. However, if the transmitter uses excessively high transmission power, it will cause strong interference to other transmission processes at the same time and consume more energy, which is detrimental to energy conservation, especially to the battery life of the terminal. Therefore, it is necessary to control the transmission power of the transmitter.

[0080] The 3GPP protocol describes uplink power control. Access network equipment indicates to the terminal the desired received power, partial path loss compensation factor, path loss reference signal resources, etc. The terminal estimates downlink path loss based on the path loss reference signal and then determines the transmit power based on the downlink path loss. In this application, the path loss reference signal is also called a reference signal, or a reference signal used for path loss estimation. The path loss reference signal can be a synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a sidelink SSB (SL-SSB), or a sidelink PRS (SL-PRS).

[0081] Taking closed-loop power control as an example, the transmission power of the sounding reference signal (SRS) at transmission time i can be determined by the following formula:

[0082] Where b, f, and c represent the currently active uplink bandwidth part (BWP), carrier, and serving cell, respectively, and q s represents the SRS resource set, l represents the current SRS power control adjustment state index, and the final transmit power can be regarded as the minimum value between the terminal's maximum transmit power and the expected uplink transmit power. P CMAX,f,c (i) represents the terminal's maximum transmit power. The polynomial in the above formula represents the expected uplink transmit power, where the first term P O_SRS,b,f,c (q s The second term, 10log, represents the expected received power of the access network equipment. 10 (2 μ ·M SRS,b,f,c (i) represents the adjustment amount related to frequency domain resource allocation, M SRS,b,f,c (i) represents the number of resource blocks (RBs) included within the SRS transmission bandwidth, μ represents the subcarrier width configuration factor, and the third term α SRS,b,f,c (q s )·PL b,f,c (q d ) represents a partial road damage compensation item, α SRS,b,f,c (q s ) represents a partial road loss compensation factor, with a value range of 0 to 1. b,f,c (q d ) represents the estimated downlink path loss at the terminal, q d This indicates the path loss reference signal resource index, the fourth item h. b,f,c (i,l) represents the closed-loop power control quantity, which is related to the historical transmission power. If h b,f,c If (i,l) is 0, then the above power formula degenerates into an open-loop power control formula.

[0083] In the above formula, PL b,f,c (q d) = AB. Where A represents the transmit power of the path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network equipment, and B represents the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal. This RSRP can be the RSRP after higher-layer filtering, reflecting the path loss situation along the entire path between the access network equipment and the terminal. The entire path can be understood as all transmission paths between the access network equipment and the terminal. This RSRP can be understood as the received power of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on all transmission paths. Specifically, due to the existence of multipath propagation in the actual propagation environment, the terminal will receive signal copies from different transmission paths. Signal copies arriving from different transmission paths have different time delays and energy attenuations. RSRP is the received power obtained by superimposing signal copies from different transmission paths. For example, if the transmitted signal is x(t), the received signal can be expressed as... Where l represents the path index, L represents the total number of paths, and α l (t) and τ l (t) represents the amplitude attenuation and time delay corresponding to the l-th path, respectively. This represents the phase change of the signal along the l-th path. RSRP can be viewed as the total power of the received signal y(t), such as |y(t)|. 2 The received power of each path is related to the amplitude attenuation corresponding to that path, such as |α l (t)| 2 .

[0084] In communications, access network devices and terminals can use all transmission paths between them to transmit data, while the purpose of sensing is to obtain relevant information about the sensing target (such as location, velocity, micro-Doppler, etc.), so the main focus is on the quality of the transmission path between the sensing signal transmitting device, the sensing target, and the sensing signal receiving device.

[0085] Figure 2 illustrates the collaborative sensing between access network equipment and terminals. It can be seen that the propagation environment for signal transmission between access network equipment and terminals includes both sensing target paths and non-sensing target paths. The sensing target path refers to the path where the sensing target is located, i.e., the sensing target path is: terminal <-> sensing target <-> access network equipment. In the example in Figure 2, the sensing targets include vehicles and pedestrians. The figure shows two sensing target paths: one is: terminal <-> vehicle <-> access network equipment, and the other is: terminal <-> pedestrian <-> access network equipment. The non-sensing target path refers to any path other than the sensing target path. A non-sensing target path can be: terminal <-> non-sensing target -> access network equipment, or it can be: terminal <-> access network equipment. In the example in Figure 2, two non-sensing target paths are shown: terminal <-> building <-> access network equipment, and terminal <-> access network equipment. It should be noted that in the sensing target path shown in Figure 2, the example is a line-of-sight (LoS) path between the sensing target and the terminal or receiving network device. In addition to the LoS path, the sensing target path also includes some non-LoS paths, such as terminal <-> building <-> sensing target <-> access network device, terminal <-> sensing target <-> building <-> access network device, and terminal <-> building <-> sensing target <-> building <-> access network device.

[0086] In the scenario shown in Figure 2, the access network device sends a path loss reference signal to the terminal. The terminal can receive the path loss reference signal on both the target path and the non-target path. The terminal measures the path loss reference signal to obtain the received path loss reference signal's RSRP, which can be understood as the received power of the path loss reference signal across all transmission paths. Based on this RSRP and using the aforementioned formula, the terminal calculates the transmission power of the sensing signal and uses this power to transmit the sensing signal. Correspondingly, the access network device can receive the sensing signal on both the target path and the non-target path. Based on the received sensing signal, the access network device obtains relevant information about the sensing target (e.g., location, speed, micro-Doppler, etc.).

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, the perceived target path is also referred to as the perceived path, target path, perceived target link, perceived link, or target link. This will be used uniformly here and will not be repeated later.

[0088] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of terminal-to-terminal collaborative sensing. It can be seen that the propagation environment for signal transmission between Terminal #1 and Terminal #2 includes both sensing target paths and non-sensing target paths. The sensing target path refers to the path where the sensing target is located, i.e., the sensing target path is: Terminal #1 <-> Sensing Target <-> Terminal #2. In the example in Figure 3, the sensing targets include vehicles and pedestrians. The figure shows two sensing target paths: one is: Terminal #1 <-> Vehicle <-> Terminal #2, and the other is: Terminal #1 <-> Pedestrian <-> Terminal #2. The non-sensing target path refers to any path other than the sensing target path. A non-sensing target path can be: Terminal #1 <-> Non-sensing Target -> Terminal #2, or it can be: Terminal #1 <-> Terminal #2. In the example in Figure 3, two non-sensing target paths are shown: Terminal #1 <-> Building <-> Terminal #2, and Terminal #1 <-> Terminal #2.

[0089] In the scenario shown in Figure 3, terminal #2 sends a path loss reference signal to terminal #1. Terminal #1 can receive the path loss reference signal on both the target path and the non-target path. Terminal #1 measures the path loss reference signal to obtain the received path loss reference signal's RSRP, which can be understood as the received power of the path loss reference signal received by terminal #1 on all transmission paths. Based on this RSRP and using the aforementioned formula, terminal #1 calculates the transmission power of the sensing signal and uses this transmission power to send the sensing signal. Correspondingly, terminal #2 can receive the sensing signal on both the target path and the non-target path. Terminal #2 obtains relevant information about the sensing target (e.g., position, velocity, micro-Doppler, etc.) based on the received sensing signal.

[0090] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a terminal's self-transmitting and self-receiving sensing mechanism. It can be seen that when the terminal performs self-transmitting and self-receiving signals, the signal propagation environment includes both sensing target paths and non-sensing target paths. The sensing target path refers to the path where the sensing target is located, i.e., the sensing target path is: terminal <-> sensing target <-> terminal. In the example in Figure 4, the sensing targets include vehicles and pedestrians. The figure shows two sensing target paths: one is: terminal <-> vehicle <-> terminal, and the other is: terminal <-> pedestrian <-> terminal. The non-sensing target path refers to any path other than the sensing target path, and the non-sensing target path is: terminal <-> non-sensing target -> terminal. In the example in Figure 4, one non-sensing target path is shown, i.e., terminal <-> building <-> terminal.

[0091] In the scenario shown in Figure 4, the terminal sends a path loss reference signal. This signal is reflected by both the sensing target and the non-sensing target and is received by the terminal. Therefore, the terminal can receive the reflected path loss reference signal on both the sensing target path and the non-sensing target path. The terminal measures the path loss reference signal to obtain the RSRP of the received path loss reference signal. This RSRP can be understood as the received power of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on all transmission paths. Based on this RSRP and using the aforementioned formula, the terminal calculates the transmission power of the sensing signal and uses this transmission power to send the sensing signal. This sensing signal is reflected by both the sensing target and the non-sensing target and is received by the terminal. Therefore, the terminal can receive the reflected sensing signal on both the sensing target path and the non-sensing target path. Based on the received sensing signal, the terminal obtains relevant information about the sensing target (e.g., position, velocity, micro-Doppler, etc.).

[0092] As mentioned earlier, in the current protocol, the transmit power of the sensing signal determined by the transmitter is the minimum between the terminal's maximum transmit power and the expected uplink transmit power. The path loss used to calculate the expected uplink transmit power is determined by the terminal based on the RSRP of the path loss reference signal. The RSRP reflects the received power of the path loss reference signal on all transmission paths, and the path loss calculated based on the RSRP also reflects the signal attenuation caused by the combined effect of all transmission paths between the transmitter and receiver. Sensing, however, only focuses on the path where the sensing target is located (i.e., the sensing target path). When sensing devices (e.g., terminals, or terminals and access network devices) obtain sensing results based on the received sensing signals, they typically eliminate the influence of non-sensing target paths in the received sensing signals and extract the signals transmitted through the sensing target path for further analysis of relevant information about the sensing target. The channel component composed of non-sensing target paths can be called the background channel, and this processing operation can be called background cancellation. The channel component composed of sensing target paths can also be called the target channel. The target channel and the background channel together form a complete channel. Since only the signals transmitted along the target path contain information about the target, low reception power of these signals can lead to reduced sensing accuracy. Current protocols calculate the transmission power of sensing signals based on path losses across all transmission paths, which may result in lower reception power for the signals transmitted along the target path, further reducing sensing accuracy.

[0093] The specific analysis is as follows: Taking the scenario shown in Figure 2 as an example, the access network device sends a path loss reference signal. This path loss reference signal reaches the terminal through the sensing target path and the non-sensing target path. The terminal receives the path loss reference signal through the sensing target path and the non-sensing target path and calculates the received path loss reference signal's RSRP. This RSRP is the received power of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on all transmission paths. Generally, the energy attenuation of a signal reaching the receiving end after reflection is greater than the energy attenuation of a signal reaching the receiving end through direct transmission. Since the sensing target path is the reflection path between the access network device and the terminal, because the path where a sensing target is located passes through at least that sensing target for reflection, the received power of the path loss reference signal measured by the terminal on the sensing target path is usually less than the received power measured on the direct path between the access network device and the terminal. On the other hand, the energy attenuation of a signal after reflection by a sensing target with a small RCS is usually greater. For example, a person has a small RCS, and the received power of the path loss reference signal measured by the terminal on the sensing target path where the person is located may be less than the received power of the path loss reference signal measured on the non-sensing target path reflected by a building. Taking Figure 2 as an example, the transmission path of the road loss reference signal reaching the terminal after reflection from buildings is called path #1; the transmission path of the road loss reference signal directly reaching the terminal is called path #2; the transmission path of the road loss reference signal reaching the terminal after reflection from vehicles is called path #3; and the transmission path of the road loss reference signal reaching the terminal after reflection from pedestrians is called path #4. The downlink road loss calculated by the terminal based on the RSRP of the road loss reference signal reflects the signal attenuation caused by the combined effect of paths #1 to #4. This mainly depends on the stronger path, such as path #2, or path #2 and path #1. The actual compensation for the signal attenuation caused by the target sensing path should be the signal attenuation when the terminal adjusts the transmission power of the sensing signal. This ensures that the sensing signal transmitted through the target sensing path has high receiving power, thereby guaranteeing sensing accuracy. As the above analysis shows, the downlink path loss calculated based on RSRP will be less than the actual loss caused by the target sensing path. This results in the uplink expected transmission power adjusted based on the path loss being too low, meaning that the compensation for the actual loss caused by the target sensing path is insufficient. Consequently, the received power of the sensing signal transmitted through the target sensing path in the received sensing signal is low, and the sensing accuracy is reduced.

[0094] The same problem of reduced perception accuracy also exists for the perception scenarios shown in Figures 3 and 4.

[0095] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides corresponding solutions.

[0096] The power control method and communication device are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that this application uses access network equipment and terminals as illustrative examples, but this application does not limit the illustrative execution entities. The steps can be implemented by devices within the device; for example, the steps executed by the terminal can be implemented by modules or devices within the terminal, and the steps executed by the access network equipment can be implemented by devices within the access network equipment or by other network-side devices. For example, when the functions implemented by the access network equipment are implemented by multiple network-side devices, the scheme implemented by the access network equipment in this application can be implemented by network-side devices.

[0097] For example, the method executed by the access network device in this application can also be implemented by a module (e.g., circuit, chip, or chip system) in the access network device, or by a logical node, logical module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the access network device.

[0098] The method executed by the terminal in this application can also be implemented by the communication module in the terminal, or by the circuit or chip responsible for communication function in the terminal (such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip), or a SoC chip containing a modem core, or a SIP chip).

[0099] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method is applicable to the scenario of collaborative sensing between the access network and the terminal shown in Figure 2, the scenario of collaborative sensing between terminals shown in Figure 3, and the scenario of self-sensing and self-receiving by the terminal shown in Figure 4.

[0100] The method includes the following steps:

[0101] Step 501: The terminal determines the path loss of the target path based on the first received power.

[0102] In the scenario shown in Figure 2, the access network device transmits path loss reference signals through N paths, and then the terminal receives the path loss reference signals through N paths, determining the first received power based on the received power of the received path loss reference signals. In the scenario shown in Figure 3, terminal #2 transmits path loss reference signals through N paths, and then terminal #1 receives the path loss reference signals through N paths, determining the first received power based on the received power of the received path loss reference signals. In the scenario shown in Figure 4, the terminal transmits and receives path loss reference signals through N paths, determining the first received power based on the received power of the received path loss reference signals.

[0103] The N paths include M perceived target paths and K non-perceived target paths, where N is an integer greater than 1, M is a positive integer, and K is a positive integer. For the meaning and examples of perceived and non-perceived target paths, please refer to the descriptions in Figures 2, 3, and 4 above; they will not be repeated here.

[0104] For example, the specific implementation method of the first received power is described below.

[0105] In the first implementation method, the first received power is the average of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers. For example, the received power of the terminal receiving the path loss reference signal on the i-th sensing target path is denoted by R. i Indicate, then or For example, the terminal can obtain a time-delay domain signal by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the received path loss reference signal in the frequency domain, or by performing correlation processing on the received path loss reference signal and the sequence used by the path loss reference signal to obtain a time-delay domain signal. The signal will exhibit one or more peaks as the time delay changes. A peak can be regarded as a detected path. Then, based on each peak, the received power of the path loss reference signal on each sensing target path can be obtained.

[0106] In this application, the sum of the M received powers is also referred to as the sum of the M received powers, the summation value, the summation value, or the total sum, etc. This is a unified explanation here and will not be repeated later.

[0107] In this first implementation method, the terminal determines the path loss of the sensing target based on the first received power of the path loss reference signal on the sensing target path, and determines the first transmitted power based on the path loss of the sensing target. Subsequently, the terminal can transmit the sensing signal according to the first transmitted power. Since the terminal only measures the path loss of the sensing target path, the influence of the path loss of non-sensing target paths is eliminated, thus enabling accurate determination of the transmitted power of the sensing signal, which helps to improve the sensing accuracy.

[0108] In this application, the sensing signal is also referred to as the sensing reference signal, the signal used for sensing, or the reference signal used for sensing, etc., which will be explained uniformly here and will not be repeated later.

[0109] In the second implementation method, the M sensing target paths are divided into one or more sensing target path groups. Each sensing target path group includes one or more sensing target paths from the aforementioned M sensing target paths. Each sensing target path group corresponds to one sensing target, and different sensing target path groups correspond to different sensing targets. The first received power is the minimum value among multiple second received powers. Each of the multiple second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on one of the sensing target path groups in the multiple sensing target path groups. These multiple second received powers correspond one-to-one with the multiple sensing target path groups.

[0110] The received power (i.e., the second received power) of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on a group of sensing target paths can be the average of the received power of the path loss reference signal on all sensing paths within that group, or the sum of the received power of all sensing paths, and so on. For example, for any group of sensing target paths, assuming there are Z sensing target paths within that group, the received power of the path loss reference signal received by the terminal on the i-th sensing target path within that group is denoted by R. i This indicates that the path loss reference signal received by the terminal is on the target path group being sensed. or

[0111] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating one sensing target corresponding to multiple sensing target paths according to an embodiment of this application. It can be seen that one sensing target corresponds to one sensing target path group, which includes one or more sensing target paths. In this example, the sensing target is a vehicle, and the sensing target path group corresponding to the vehicle includes 6 sensing target paths. This is illustrated using the example of a sensing target path group corresponding to a vehicle containing 6 sensing target paths; in practical applications, the sensing target path group corresponding to a vehicle can include any other number of sensing target paths, and this application does not limit this.

[0112] The following example illustrates this. Assume M = 10, and these 10 sensing target paths are divided into two sensing target path groups. Sensing target path group #1 includes sensing target paths #1 to #4, and sensing target path group #2 includes sensing target paths #5 to #10. The received power of the terminal receiving the path loss reference signal on sensing target path #i is denoted by R. i Let i = 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 10. Then the second received power corresponding to the sensing target path group #1 can be... Or The second received power corresponding to target path group #2 can be Or The first receiving power determined by the terminal is the minimum value between the second receiving power corresponding to the sensing target path group #1 and the second receiving power corresponding to the sensing target path group #2.

[0113] For this second implementation method, the M sensing target paths are grouped, with each group corresponding to a sensing target. The terminal determines the second received power corresponding to each group of sensing target paths, and selects the minimum second received power from the group's corresponding second received power as the first received power. Subsequently, the terminal determines the first transmitted power based on the first received power and transmits the sensing signal according to the first transmitted power. In addition to having the advantages of the first implementation method, this method, because it selects the minimum second received power from each group's corresponding second received power as the first received power, can also ensure accurate sensing of weak targets. Here, weak targets refer to sensing targets with relatively low corresponding second received power.

[0114] Regarding the second implementation method described above, as one approach, the terminal can receive second information from the access network device or the sensing function (SF) network element. This second information is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups. For example, the second information includes information about the plurality of sensing target path groups, and the information of each sensing target path group includes the identifier of one or more sensing target paths from the aforementioned M sensing target paths.

[0115] In this application, the SF network element can be a core network element or a newly added network element independent of the core network. The SF network element has sensing capabilities and can assist terminals and / or access network devices in achieving sensing objectives. For example, the SF network element can be used to store relevant information for sensing, such as information related to the sensing target path. Furthermore, the SF network element can also determine the sensing result. This will be explained in detail here and will not be elaborated further later.

[0116] In both implementation methods one and two, the M target sensing paths are related to one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range. For example, before step 501, the terminal receives first information from the access network device or SF network element. This first information includes one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range, or the first information includes an index of the M target sensing paths. Based on this first information, the terminal selects the M target sensing paths from N paths and determines a first received power based on the M target sensing paths. This first received power is the received power of the path loss reference signal on the M target sensing paths. In one possible implementation, the time delay range, Doppler range, and angular range are the time delay range, Doppler range, and angular range to be sensed by the sensing device. For example, the sensing device performs target detection within one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range to determine whether a target is sensed or to estimate relevant information about the target. For example, the latency corresponding to the perceived target is within the aforementioned latency range, and / or, the Doppler effect corresponding to the perceived target is within the aforementioned Doppler range, and / or, the angle of the perceived target relative to the sensing device is within the aforementioned angle range. Therefore, the path detected within the aforementioned latency range, Doppler range, or angle range can be considered as the path of the perceived target. Optionally, the aforementioned latency range can be a relative latency range, for example, it can be a latency range relative to the first path, that is, the latency of the first path is considered to be 0. In another possible implementation, the terminal has reported multipath information to the access network device or SF network element. For example, the multipath information may include the index of the path and one or more of the measurements of latency, Doppler effect, and angle corresponding to the path. The access network device or SF network element can send the index of the perceived target path to the terminal. The aforementioned sensing device is the terminal, or it may be the terminal and the access network device.

[0117] In this application, the index of the perceived target path can also be replaced with the identifier or sequence number of the perceived target path, etc. This will be explained uniformly here and will not be repeated later.

[0118] The above describes two different methods for calculating the first received power from the perspective of sensing the target path. Below, we will introduce two other methods for calculating the first received power from the perspective of the range to be sensed.

[0119] In the third implementation method, the first received power is the received power of the path loss reference signal within the range to be sensed. This range includes M paths, which are the aforementioned M sensing paths. The range to be sensed can be one or more of a time delay range, a Doppler range, or an angular range. For example, the range to be sensed can be the time delay range, the angular range, the Doppler range, a combination of the time delay range and the angular range, a combination of the time delay range and the Doppler range, or a combination of the angular range and the Doppler range, or a combination of the time delay range, the angular range, and the Doppler range. Taking the perceived delay range as an example, the terminal can obtain a delay domain signal by performing an inverse Fourier transform in the frequency domain on the received path loss reference signal, or by performing correlation processing on the received path loss reference signal and the sequence used by the path loss reference signal. The signal will exhibit one or more peaks as the delay changes. A peak can be considered a detected path, and the delay position of the peak can be considered the delay corresponding to that path. If the perceived delay range includes M paths, then M peaks will be detected within the perceived delay range. For example, the first received power is... or Where r(τ) represents the time-delay domain signal, and the time delay range to be sensed is τ. a ~τ b Or, the time delay range to be perceived includes τ1, τ2, ..., τ L Or the first received power is proportional to or For example, the first receiving power is or A and C can be constants independent of r(τ).

[0120] The relationship between the third implementation method and the first implementation method is that the range to be sensed in the third implementation method corresponds to the M sensing target paths in the first implementation method. For example, the M sensing target paths can be determined through the range to be sensed.

[0121] The fourth method involves dividing the area to be sensed into one or more sub-areas. The first received power is the minimum received power of the path loss reference signal in the one or more sub-areas to be sensed. Each sub-area to be sensed corresponds to a sensing target, and each sub-area to be sensed corresponds to a received power.

[0122] For example, if the received power of the path loss reference signal within a sub-range to be sensed is called the second received power, then each sub-range to be sensed corresponds to a second received power, and the first received power is the minimum received power of the path loss reference signal among the corresponding second received powers in each sub-range to be sensed. The method for determining the second received power corresponding to each sub-range to be sensed can refer to the method for determining the first received power in implementation method three above, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] The sub-range to be sensed here can be one or more of a time delay sub-range, a Doppler sub-range, or an angle sub-range. For example, the sub-range to be sensed is a time delay sub-range to be sensed, or an angle sub-range to be sensed, or a Doppler sub-range to be sensed, or a combination of a time delay sub-range and an angle sub-range to be sensed, or a combination of an angle sub-range and a Doppler sub-range to be sensed, or a combination of a time delay sub-range, an angle sub-range, and a Doppler sub-range to be sensed.

[0124] Regarding the above-mentioned implementation method four, as one implementation method, the terminal can receive second information from the access network device or SF network element. The second information includes information of the plurality of sensing target path groups. The information of each sensing target path group includes a sub-range to be sensed. The sub-range to be sensed can be used to determine a sensing target path group.

[0125] The relationship between the fourth implementation method and the second implementation method is that the sub-range to be sensed in the fourth implementation method corresponds to the group of sensing target paths in the second implementation method. For example, a group of sensing target paths can be determined through each sub-range to be sensed.

[0126] Step 502: The terminal determines the first transmission power based on the path loss of the perceived target path.

[0127] As one implementation method, the first transmission power can be determined according to the following formula:

[0128] First transmission power = P1 + P2 + P3 + P4.

[0129] Where P1 represents the expected received power of the access network device or terminal. For example, in the scenario of Figure 2, P1 represents the expected received power of the access network device; in the scenario of Figure 3, P1 represents the expected received power of terminal #2; and in the scenario of Figure 4, P1 represents the expected received power of the terminal. P2 represents the adjustment amount related to frequency domain resource allocation, for example... The number of resource blocks (RBs) occupied by the sensed signal is represented by μ, and the subcarrier width configuration factor is represented by P3. P3 represents a partial path loss compensation term, which can be obtained based on the path loss of the sensed target path. For example, the path loss of the sensed target path is the difference between the power associated with the path loss reference signal indicated by the access network device or SF network element and the aforementioned first received power. The power associated with the path loss reference signal indicated by the access network device can, for example, be the transmission power of the path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network device. For example, P3 = α·PL, where α represents the partial path loss compensation factor, ranging from 0 to 1, and PL represents the path loss of the sensed target path. P4 represents the closed-loop power control quantity, which is related to the historical transmission power. If P4 is 0, the calculation formula for the first transmitted power degenerates into an open-loop power control formula.

[0130] Step 503: The terminal sends a sensing signal according to the first transmission power.

[0131] As one implementation method, the terminal can use a first transmission power to transmit a sensing signal.

[0132] As another implementation method, the terminal can transmit a sensing signal based on a first transmission power and the minimum power among all powers in the power set. The power set includes one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, a third transmission power, or a fourth transmission power. The third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority. The channel busy rate represents the percentage of time the channel is detected as busy, which can be measured by the terminal within several time units before transmitting the sensing signal. The transmission priority represents the transmission priority of the current sensing service, which can be indicated by a higher layer. The fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network equipment. As a specific example, if the power set includes the terminal's maximum transmission power, third transmission power, and fourth transmission power, then the first transmission power, the terminal's maximum transmission power, the third transmission power, and the fourth transmission power are compared, and the minimum transmission power is used to transmit the sensing signal.

[0133] The fourth transmission power is used to avoid significant interference with the uplink reception of the access network equipment. Specifically, the resources used for the terminal to transmit sensing signals are uplink resources. Another terminal may be transmitting uplink signals to the access network equipment on these resources, meaning the access network equipment may be receiving signals on these resources and therefore may also receive the sensing signals transmitted by the terminal. To prevent the sensing signals transmitted by the terminal from causing significant interference to the uplink transmission between the other terminal and the access network equipment, the transmission power of the terminal's sensing signals needs to be limited. This can be achieved through the aforementioned fourth transmission power. For example, the fourth transmission power is determined according to the following formula: Where P D P represents the fourth transmission power. O,D α represents the maximum permissible interference received power. D This indicates the downlink path loss compensation factor; these two items can be indicated by the access network equipment. D This indicates the downlink path loss estimated by the terminal based on the downlink path loss reference signal. This indicates the number of resource blocks occupied by the sensing signal.

[0134] As one implementation method, the terminal also receives configuration information from the access network device, which is used to configure the resources of the sensing signal. The resources of the sensing signal can be associated with the resources of the path loss reference signal; the two can have the same or similar bandwidth and / or the same or similar period, thus ensuring relatively consistent time delay and Doppler resolution when determining the path of the sensing target.

[0135] Based on the above scheme, the terminal determines the path loss of the sensing target based on the received power of the path loss reference signal on the sensing target path, determines the first transmission power based on the path loss of the sensing target, and transmits the sensing signal according to the first transmission power. Since the terminal only measures the path loss of the sensing target path, the influence of the path loss of non-sensing target paths is eliminated, thus enabling accurate determination of the transmission power of the sensing signal, which helps to improve the sensing accuracy.

[0136] When the embodiment described in Figure 5 is applied to the scenario shown in Figure 2, steps 501 to 503 are executed by the terminal shown in Figure 2. Specifically, the access network device sends path loss reference signals through N paths, and the terminal receives the path loss reference signals through N paths. Based on the received power of the path loss reference signals, the terminal determines a first received power and then continues to execute subsequent steps 501 to 503. In step 503, the terminal sends a sensing signal to the access network device based on the first transmission power. Subsequently, the access network device determines the sensing result, or the access network device and the terminal jointly determine the sensing result.

[0137] When the embodiment described in Figure 5 is applied to the scenario shown in Figure 3, steps 501 to 503 are executed by terminal #1 shown in Figure 3. Specifically, terminal #2 sends path loss reference signals through N paths, and then terminal #1 receives the path loss reference signals through N paths. Based on the received power of the path loss reference signals, it determines a first received power and then continues to execute subsequent steps 501 to 503. In step 503, terminal #1 sends a sensing signal to terminal #2 based on the first sending power. Subsequently, terminal #2 determines the sensing result, or terminal #2 and terminal #1 jointly determine the sensing result.

[0138] When the embodiment described in Figure 5 is applied to the scenario shown in Figure 4, steps 501 to 503 are executed by the terminal shown in Figure 4. Specifically, the terminal sends a path loss reference signal, receives the path loss reference signal through N paths, determines a first receiving power based on the received power of the path loss reference signal, and then continues to execute subsequent steps 501 to 503. Furthermore, in step 503, the terminal sends a sensing signal based on the first sending power, and the terminal can also receive the reflected sensing signal. The terminal then determines the sensing result.

[0139] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method is applicable to scenarios involving self-transmitted and self-received path loss reference signals and self-transmitted and self-received sensing signals from the terminal. The method includes the following steps:

[0140] Step 701: The terminal sends a path loss reference signal based on the fifth transmission power.

[0141] After the terminal sends the path loss reference signal, the path loss reference signal is received by the terminal after being reflected by the sensing target, or after being reflected by both the sensing target and the non-sensing target.

[0142] The fifth transmission power is either the initial transmission power, or the minimum value among the initial transmission power and all powers within the power set. The meaning of this power set can be found in the preceding description and will not be repeated here.

[0143] For example, the initial transmission power can be protocol-defined or pre-configured. For instance, the terminal receives third information from the access network device or SF network element. This third information is used to indicate the initial transmission power or to indicate the mapping relationship between the initial transmission power and a set of parameters. The set of parameters includes one or more of the sensing service type, the sensing range, or the radar cross-section of the sensing target. Thus, the terminal determines the initial transmission power based on the mapping relationship and one or more of the current sensing service type, the sensing range, or the radar cross-section of the sensing target.

[0144] For example, the protocol defines multiple calculation formulas for the initial transmit power, or the access network device or SF network element pre-configures multiple calculation formulas for the initial transmit power to the terminal, and then the access network device or SF network element sends the index of the calculation formula to the terminal, so that the terminal calculates the initial transmit power based on the calculation formula indicated by the index of the calculation formula.

[0145] Step 702: The terminal determines the path loss of the target path based on the first received power.

[0146] The first received power is determined based on the path loss reference signals received on the M sensing target paths. For the specific method of determining the first received power, please refer to the implementation method described in the embodiment of Figure 5 above.

[0147] Step 703: The terminal determines the first transmission power based on the path loss of the perceived target path.

[0148] Step 704: The terminal sends a sensing signal according to the first transmission power.

[0149] Steps 702 to 704 described above are the same as steps 501 to 503 in the embodiment of FIG5 above, and can be referred to the above description.

[0150] In this application, the path loss reference signal sent and received by the terminal can also be understood as the initial sensing signal.

[0151] Based on the above scheme, for scenarios where the terminal transmits and receives path loss reference signals and sensing signals on its own, the appropriate transmission power of the path loss reference signal (i.e., the fifth transmission power) can be determined for the terminal, which in turn helps the terminal to accurately determine the transmission power of the sensing signal (i.e., the first transmission power), thereby improving the sensing accuracy.

[0152] Figure 8 illustrates a possible exemplary block diagram of the communication device involved in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 800 may include modules or units for implementing the methods described above. In one possible design, the communication device 800 includes a processing unit 802 and a communication unit 803. Optionally, the communication device 800 may further include a storage unit 801 for storing device program code and / or data.

[0153] The communication device 800 can be a terminal-side device as described in the above embodiments, such as a terminal or a communication module in a terminal, or a circuit or chip in a terminal that is responsible for communication functions.

[0154] For example, in one embodiment, the processing unit 802 is configured to determine the path loss of the sensing target path based on the first received power, wherein the first received power is the received power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path is the path where the sensing target is located, where M is a positive integer; and to determine the first transmitted power based on the path loss of the sensing target path; and the communication unit 803 is configured to transmit the sensing signal based on the first transmitted power.

[0155] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also used to receive the path loss reference signal through N paths, the N paths including the M sensing target paths, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0156] As one possible implementation, the M sensing target paths are associated with one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

[0157] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also configured to receive first information, which includes one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or includes the index of the M sensing target paths.

[0158] As one possible implementation, the processing unit 802 is also configured to select the M sensing target paths from the N paths based on the first information.

[0159] As one possible implementation, the first received power is the average of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

[0160] As one possible implementation method, the M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; the first received power is the minimum value among multiple second received powers, each of the multiple second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal in one of the multiple sensing target path groups, and the multiple second received powers correspond one-to-one with the multiple sensing target path groups.

[0161] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also used to receive second information, which is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups.

[0162] As one possible implementation, the second information includes information on a plurality of sensing target path groups, wherein the information of each sensing target path group includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

[0163] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is configured to transmit a sensing signal based on the first transmission power, including: transmitting the sensing signal based on the first transmission power and the minimum value among all powers in the power set; wherein the power set includes one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, a third transmission power, or a fourth transmission power; the third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network device.

[0164] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is further configured to transmit the path loss reference signal according to a fifth transmission power; wherein the fifth transmission power is the initial transmission power, or the minimum value among the initial transmission power and all powers in the power set, the power set including one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, the third transmission power, or the fourth transmission power; the third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network equipment.

[0165] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also configured to receive third information, which indicates the initial transmission power or indicates the mapping relationship between the initial transmission power and a parameter set, the parameter set including one or more of the sensing service type, the sensing range, or the radar cross-section of the sensing target.

[0166] In one possible design, when the communication device 800 is a terminal or a communication module within a terminal, the function of the processing unit 802 can be implemented by one or more processors. Specifically, the processor may include a modem chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip or a SIP chip containing a modem core. The function of the communication unit 803 can be implemented by transceiver circuitry.

[0167] In one possible design, when the communication device 800 is a circuit or chip in a terminal responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) or SIP chip containing a modem core, the function of the processing unit 802 can be implemented by a circuit system in the aforementioned chip that includes one or more processors or processor cores. The function of the communication unit 803 can be implemented by an interface circuit or data transceiver circuit on the aforementioned chip.

[0168] The communication device 800 can also be a network-side device in the above embodiments, such as a network-side access network device, a module (e.g., circuit, chip or chip system) in the access network device, or a logic node, logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the access network device.

[0169] For example, in one embodiment, the communication unit 803 is used to transmit a path loss reference signal and receive a sensing signal, the sensing signal being transmitted based on a first transmission power determined based on the path loss of the sensing target path, the path loss of the sensing target path being determined based on a first reception power, the first reception power being the reception power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path being the path where the sensing target is located.

[0170] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also used to transmit path loss reference signals through N paths, which include the M sensing target paths, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0171] As one possible implementation, the M sensing target paths are associated with one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

[0172] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also used to send first information, which includes one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or includes the index of the M sensing target paths.

[0173] As one possible implementation, the first information is used to select the M target paths from the N paths.

[0174] As one possible implementation, the first received power is the average of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

[0175] As one possible implementation method, the M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; the first received power is the minimum value among multiple second received powers, each of the multiple second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal in one of the multiple sensing target path groups, and the multiple second received powers correspond one-to-one with the multiple sensing target path groups.

[0176] As one possible implementation, the communication unit 803 is also used to send second information, which is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups.

[0177] As one possible implementation, the second information includes information on a plurality of sensing target path groups, wherein the information of each sensing target path group includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

[0178] It is understood that the division of units in the above-described device is merely a logical functional division. One function can correspond to one functional unit, or two or more functions can be integrated into one functional unit. In actual implementation, all or some units can be integrated onto a single physical entity, or distributed across different physical entities. Furthermore, the aforementioned functional units can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether a function is executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0179] In one example, the functional unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microcontroller units (MCUs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0180] In one example, storage unit 801 may include random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory and / or registers, etc.

[0181] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal 900 provided in an embodiment of this application. This terminal 900 corresponds to the terminal shown in Figure 1(a) and is used to implement the operation of the terminal in the above embodiments. As shown in Figure 9, the terminal includes: one or more antennas 910, a radio frequency processing system 920, and a processor system 930.

[0182] In the downlink or sidelink direction, the RF processing system 920 receives RF signals through the antenna 910 and sends the RF-processed signals to the processor system 930 for further processing. In the uplink or sidelink direction, the processor system 930 processes the terminal-side information and sends it to the RF processing system 920, which then processes the signal and transmits it through the antenna 910.

[0183] In one example, the radio frequency (RF) processing system 920 serves as the communication interface for external communication of the terminal and may include a radio frequency frontend (RFFE) 921 and an RF transceiver 922. The RFFE 921 is primarily used for one or more processing operations, such as shaping, passband selection, or gain adjustment, on the RF signals received by the antenna or those to be transmitted through the antenna. It may include one or more components such as RF switches, duplexers, filters, power amplifiers, antenna tuners, and low-noise amplifiers. The RFFE 921 can be a circuit system composed of multiple discrete components or integrated into one or more chips. The RF transceiver 922 processes the RF signals received by the RFFE into baseband / IF signals for further processing by the processor system 930, and processes the baseband / IF signals provided by the processor system 930 into RF signals for transmission to the RFFE 921. The baseband / IF signals transmitted between the RF transceiver 922 and the processor system 930 can be digital or analog signals. The RF transceiver 922 can be implemented by one or more chips, which are commonly referred to as RF ICs.

[0184] In one example, the processor system 930 may include one or more processors for processing signals and executing one or more communication protocols. Optionally, the processor system 930 may also include a memory 936. In one example, the one or more processors include at least one baseband processor 931 (also known as a modem processor). The memory 936 is used to store data and / or computer program instructions. Optionally, the processor system 930 may also include one or more application processors 932 for implementing processing of the terminal operating system and application layer. Optionally, the processor system 930 may also include one or more of a voice subsystem 933, a multimedia subsystem 934, or an interface circuit 935. The voice subsystem 933 is used to process voice signals, the multimedia subsystem 934 is used to handle multimedia-related operations, such as video encoding / decoding, image processing, etc., and the interface circuit 935 is used to enable communication with other terminal components, such as a display 940, an input device 950, a memory 960, etc. The above-mentioned components in the processor system 930 can communicate with each other via a bus or communication interface circuit.

[0185] In one example, the processor system 930 can be packaged as a single processor chip, such as a SoC chip or a SIP chip. In another example, the processor system 930 can be a system composed of multiple chips; for example, the baseband processor 931 can be packaged as a single chip, or packaged with part or all of the circuitry of the radio frequency processing system into a single chip.

[0186] In one example, memory 936 can be on-chip memory, i.e., located on the system-on-a-chip (SoC) 930. In another example, memory 960 can be off-chip memory, i.e., located outside the SoC 930.

[0187] In one example, the baseband processor 931 may include one or more processor cores 9311 and interface circuitry 9314. The one or more processor cores 9311 are used to process signals and execute one or more communication protocols. Optionally, the baseband processor 931 may also include a memory 9312 for storing at least a portion of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data. In one example, the one or more processor cores 9311 execute the computer program instructions stored in the memory 9312 to implement the relevant operations in the above method embodiments. In this disclosure, the memory 9312 storing the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data may mean that the memory 9312 stores all the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data for the processor core 9311 to execute; or it may mean that the memory 9312 stores a portion of the corresponding computer program instructions and / or data, which includes the computer program instructions and / or data currently required to be executed by the processor core 9311. The memory 9312 can store different portions of computer program instructions and / or data multiple times for the processor core 9311 to execute in order to implement the relevant operations in the above method embodiments. Interface circuit 9314 serves as a communication interface for communication with other components, such as transmitting signals with RF processing system 920, communicating with other subsystems and related components of processor system 930 via bus, such as transmitting data control signals with application processor 932, and transmitting data or computer program instructions with memory 936 or memory 960. Optionally, to reduce the load on the processor core, baseband signal processing circuit 9313 can also be provided to perform at least some baseband signal processing, including one or more of signal demodulation, modulation, encoding, or decoding.

[0188] In one example, the communication device provided in this application may be a terminal 900, a communication module including a processor system 930 and a radio frequency system 920, or a baseband processor 931.

[0189] The processor, processor system, application processor, baseband processor, processor circuit, or processor core mentioned above can be collectively referred to as a processor. The processor may include one or more of the following: central processing unit (CPU), digital signal processor (DSP), microprocessor unit (MPU), microcontroller unit (MCU), graphics processing unit (GPU), field programmable gate array (FPGA), artificial intelligence processor (AI processor), or neural processing unit (NPU).

[0190] The aforementioned memory may include one or more of the following storage media: random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), phase-change memory (PCM), resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), cache, register, read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), hard disk, etc. In one example, computer program instructions for executing the above embodiments may be stored on non-volatile memory, such as at least a portion of the aforementioned memory 960 (e.g., one or more of ROM, flash memory, EPROM, or hard disk). When the terminal is running, the corresponding computer program instructions may be partially or wholly loaded onto a memory with a faster transfer speed than the processor, such as at least a portion of memory 936 and / or memory 9312 (e.g., one or more of RAM, SRAM, DRAM, PCM, RERAM, MRAM, FRAM, cache, or register), for the processor to execute in order to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0191] In one example, the RF transceiver 922 and the RF front-end 921 can also be packaged in a single chip. In another example, the RF transceiver 922, the RF front-end 921, and the baseband processor 931 can also be packaged in a single chip.

[0192] This application provides a chip (or chip system) including a processor for implementing any of the above-described method embodiments.

[0193] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement any of the above-described method embodiments.

[0194] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement any of the above-described method embodiments.

[0195] This application provides a communication system, including the terminal and access network device described in the above method embodiments.

[0196] The terms "system" and "network" in this application embodiment are used interchangeably. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of A, B, or C" includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC; "at least one of A, B, and C" can also be understood as including A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in this application embodiment are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the order, sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects.

[0197] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0198] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

[0199] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0200] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more block diagrams.

[0201] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power control method, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the first received power, the path loss of the sensing target path is determined. The first received power is the received power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths. The sensing target path is the path where the sensing target is located, and M is a positive integer. The first transmission power is determined based on the path loss of the perceived target path; Based on the first transmission power, a sensing signal is transmitted.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The path loss reference signal is received through N paths, where the N paths include the M sensing target paths, and N is an integer greater than 1.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The M sensing target paths are related to one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first information, which includes one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or includes the index of the M sensing target paths.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the first information, select the M target paths from the N paths.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first received power is the average value of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; The first received power is the minimum value among a plurality of second received powers, and each of the plurality of second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal on one of the plurality of sensing target path groups, and the plurality of second received powers correspond one-to-one with the plurality of sensing target path groups.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive second information, which is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second information includes information on multiple groups of sensing target paths, and the information of each of the multiple groups of sensing target paths includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The step of transmitting a sensing signal according to the first transmission power includes: The sensing signal is transmitted based on the first transmission power and the minimum value among all powers in the power set; The power set includes one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, the third transmission power, or the fourth transmission power; the third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network equipment.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The method further includes: The path loss reference signal is transmitted according to the fifth transmission power; The fifth transmission power is the initial transmission power, or the minimum value among the initial transmission power and all powers in the power set. The power set includes one or more of the following: the terminal's maximum transmission power, the third transmission power, or the fourth transmission power. The third transmission power is related to the channel busy rate and transmission priority, and the fourth transmission power is related to the downlink path loss corresponding to the downlink path loss reference signal transmitted by the access network device.

12. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third information, which is used to indicate the initial transmission power or to indicate the mapping relationship between the initial transmission power and a parameter set, wherein the parameter set includes one or more of the following: sensing service type, sensing distance range, or radar cross-section of the sensing target.

13. A power control method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send a path loss reference signal; A sensing signal is received, wherein the sensing signal is transmitted based on a first transmission power, the first transmission power is determined based on the path loss of the sensing target path, the path loss of the sensing target path is determined based on a first receiving power, the first receiving power is the receiving power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path is the path where the sensing target is located.

14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, Also includes: The path loss reference signal is sent through N paths, where the N paths include the M sensing target paths, and N is an integer greater than 1.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The M sensing target paths are related to one or more of the time delay range, Doppler range, or angular range.

16. The method as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The method includes: Send first information, which includes one or more of the time delay range, the Doppler range, or the angle range, or includes the index of the M sensing target paths.

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The first information is used to select the M target paths from the N paths.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The first received power is the average value of the M received powers of the path loss reference signal on the M sensing target paths, or the sum of the M received powers.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The M sensing target paths are divided into multiple sensing target path groups; The first received power is the minimum value among a plurality of second received powers, and each of the plurality of second received powers is the received power of the path loss reference signal on one of the plurality of sensing target path groups, and the plurality of second received powers correspond one-to-one with the plurality of sensing target path groups.

20. The method as described in claim 19, characterized in that, Also includes: Send a second message, which is used to indicate the plurality of sensing target path groups.

21. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The second information includes information on multiple groups of sensing target paths, and the information of each of the multiple groups of sensing target paths includes the identifiers of one or more sensing target paths.

22. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes modules for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 21.

23. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and an interface circuit, the processor being configured to communicate with other devices via the interface circuit to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or to implement the method of any one of claims 13 to 21.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 21.

25. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 21.

26. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes a processor for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method of any one of claims 13 to 21.

27. A communication system, characterized in that, Including terminals and access network equipment; The terminal is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12; The access network device is used to receive sensing signals from the terminal.

28. A communication system, characterized in that, Including terminals and access network equipment; The access network device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 13 to 21; The terminal is configured to receive a path loss reference signal and send a sensing signal to the access network device. The sensing signal is transmitted based on a first transmission power, which is determined based on the path loss of the sensing target path. The path loss of the sensing target path is determined based on a first reception power, where the first reception power is the reception power of the path loss reference signal on M sensing target paths, and the sensing target path is the path where the sensing target is located.

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