Gravity self-centering friction sliding bearing
By incorporating a gravity-driven self-resetting friction sliding bearing with a corrugated friction plate meshing structure within the rubber bearing, the problem of existing seismic isolation bearings being unable to simultaneously achieve energy dissipation and vibration reduction as well as post-earthquake recoverability has been solved, thus realizing the self-resetting of the bearing and reducing post-earthquake maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TONGJI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing seismic isolation bearings are difficult to balance energy dissipation and vibration reduction with post-earthquake recovery performance. In particular, rubber bearings are prone to residual displacement and tearing, while friction pendulum bearings have insufficient restoring force for self-resetting when the slider is close to the geometric center.
A gravity-driven self-resetting friction sliding bearing is designed. By setting a friction component inside the rubber bearing, the self-resetting is achieved under the action of gravity through the meshing structure of the corrugated friction plates. The elastic recovery deformation of the rubber bearing provides the reset force, preventing further deformation and tearing of the rubber bearing.
It effectively limits the residual displacement and tearing of rubber bearings, improves the self-resetting capability of bearings after earthquakes, reduces the cost of replacement or repair after earthquakes, and achieves low-cost self-resetting after earthquakes.
Smart Images
Figure CN2025143779_02072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of support technology, specifically relating to a gravity self-resetting friction sliding support. Background Technology
[0002] In existing technologies, rubber bearings and friction pendulum bearings are the most widely used types of seismic isolation bearings in practical engineering. However, the seismic isolation bearings commonly used in existing engineering projects cannot effectively balance energy dissipation and vibration reduction with post-earthquake recoverability.
[0003] Among rubber bearings, lead-core rubber bearings or high-damping rubber bearings, which have better energy dissipation capacity, are usually selected. However, earthquake damage surveys and experimental studies have shown that the energy dissipation caused by the plastic deformation of the lead core or the strain hysteresis of the high-damping rubber can lead to large residual displacements in the bearings, and even rubber tearing. This seriously affects the post-earthquake recoverability and seismic isolation performance of rubber bearings, and also increases the cost of post-earthquake replacement or repair.
[0004] Friction pendulum bearings can theoretically balance good period extension capability, energy dissipation capability, and a certain degree of self-resetting capability. However, some seismic damage and experimental results show that, in order to achieve better seismic isolation, the radius of curvature of friction pendulum bearings is usually large. Their mechanical geometry determines that the restoring force is smaller the closer the slider is to the geometric center, so that it cannot overcome the friction force to achieve self-resetting. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a gravity self-resetting friction sliding support to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0006] This application is implemented in this way:
[0007] This application provides a gravity self-resetting friction sliding support, including a first support plate, a rubber support body, a second support plate, and at least one set of friction components; the first support plate, the rubber support body, and the second support plate are sequentially overlapped and fixed along a first direction, and the friction components are fixedly installed inside the rubber support body; the friction components include a first friction plate and a second friction plate sequentially overlapped along the first direction, the first friction plate has a first friction surface, the second friction plate has a second friction surface, both the first friction surface and the second friction surface are wavy, the first friction surface and the second friction surface are arranged facing each other, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are meshed with each other.
[0008] The beneficial effects of this application are:
[0009] In this application, by setting a friction assembly inside the rubber bearing body, after the shear deformation of the rubber bearing body reaches the design target value during an earthquake, the first and second friction plates in the friction assembly can dissipate the seismic force through mutual friction, thereby preventing the rubber bearing body from further deforming to dissipate the seismic force, avoiding large residual displacement of the bearing, and preventing rubber tearing. Furthermore, the first and second friction plates are set by a wavy first and second friction surface meshing. The wavy structure can provide a restoring force for the first and second friction plates, enabling the bearing to tend to return to its initial state under gravity. The wavy structure also increases the number of points of application of the restoring force between the first and second friction plates, enhancing the restoring ability of the bearing. At the same time, since the friction assembly is located inside the rubber bearing body, it can also provide a restoring force for the first and second friction plates during the process of the rubber bearing body recovering its deformation, further improving the restoring ability of the bearing. The self-restoring ability of the bearing can be achieved by gravity, overcoming the disadvantage of traditional self-restoring bearings requiring an additional spring device, greatly improving the post-earthquake practical performance of the bearing, and achieving post-earthquake self-restoring of the bearing at low cost. Attached Figure Description
[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the support provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a friction assembly provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0014] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0015] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the support provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0016] Figure 6 is a top view of a support provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0017] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second friction plate provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0018] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second friction plate provided in some embodiments of this application;
[0019] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the fit between the rubber support body and the friction assembly provided in some embodiments of this application.
[0020] In the diagram: 100 - First support plate, 200 - Rubber support body, 210 - First mounting groove, 220 - Second mounting groove, 230 - Third mounting groove, 300 - Second support plate, 400 - Friction assembly, 410 - First friction plate, 411 - First friction surface, 420 - Second friction plate, 421 - Second friction surface, 500 - Flat steel plate, 600 - First sealing plate, 700 - Second sealing plate, 800 - Connecting bolt. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various features of the invention. The elements and arrangements described in the specific examples below are only for concise expression of the invention and are merely examples, not intended to limit the invention. Example
[0022] This application provides a gravity self-resetting friction sliding support. Referring to Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5, the support includes a first support plate 100, a rubber support body 200, a second support plate 300 and at least one set of friction components 400.
[0023] The first support plate 100, the rubber support body 200, and the second support plate 300 are sequentially overlapped and fixedly arranged. The overlap direction of the three is defined as the first direction, which can be referred to as the direction shown by the dotted lines in Figures 1 to 5. The rubber support body 200 is fixed between the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300. As the main component of the support, the rubber support body 200 deforms to adapt to the change in position of the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 when there is a relative position.
[0024] In practical use, one of the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 is fixed to the superstructure of the bridge, and the other is fixed to the substructure. The main material of the rubber bearing body 200 is rubber, which has a certain degree of elasticity and can deform under external force. Fixing the rubber bearing body 200 between the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 adapts to changes in position between the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300, and adapts to bridge vibrations, allowing the bridge to operate normally. Furthermore, the rubber bearing body 200 can recover its deformation after the external force is removed.
[0025] Supports can be bridge supports, used in the field of bridges, building supports, used in the field of buildings, or other fields that require the use of supports.
[0026] Referring to Figures 1 and 4, the friction assembly 400 is fixedly installed inside the rubber support body 200. The friction assembly 400 includes a first friction plate 410 and a second friction plate 420 overlapping each other along a first direction. The overlap direction of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 is the same as the overlap direction of the first support plate 100, the rubber support body 200, and the second support plate 300. Referring to Figure 3, the first friction plate 410 has a first friction surface 411, and the second friction plate 420 has a second friction surface 421. Both the first friction surface 411 and the second friction surface 421 are wavy. A wavy shape is a shape with wave-like undulations. The first friction surface 411 and the second friction surface 421 are undulating to form multiple grooves or protrusions. The first friction surface 411 and the second friction surface 421 are arranged facing each other. The grooves or protrusions of the first friction surface 411 and the protrusions or grooves of the second friction surface 421 engage with each other, so that the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 engage with each other. In this way, the support can achieve post-earthquake self-resetting under the action of gravity. The first friction surface 411 and the second friction surface 421 can be a smooth curved surface structure, or they can be formed by continuous bending of a plane.
[0027] When the length of the bridge changes due to temperature changes, material shrinkage, creep, etc., the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 can move relative to each other to adapt to the positional changes between the bridge superstructure and the bridge substructure.
[0028] When an earthquake occurs and the intensity is low, the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 undergo relative displacement, and the rubber bearing body 200 deforms to perform its seismic isolation function and dissipate seismic forces. Due to the low earthquake intensity and the small relative displacement of the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300, the rubber bearing body 200 can achieve self-resetting after deformation. As the earthquake intensity gradually increases, the relative displacement of the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 further increases. After the shear deformation of the rubber bearing body 200 reaches the design target value, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 in the friction assembly 400 can rub against each other to dissipate seismic forces, limit the further increase of rubber shear strain, and prevent further deformation of the rubber bearing body 200, which could lead to large residual displacement or rubber tearing. In addition, under the action of rare or even extremely rare earthquakes, the sliding displacement between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 can approach the maximum design value, further limiting the increase of rubber shear strain and reducing the possibility of tearing of the rubber support body 200.
[0029] Due to the presence of the friction assembly 400, the relative movement of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 can dissipate some of the seismic force, preventing further deformation of the rubber bearing body 200 to dissipate the seismic force and reducing or even preventing tearing of the rubber bearing body 200. Furthermore, because the rubber bearing body 200 is elastic, and the friction assembly 400 is installed inside the rubber bearing body 200, after the earthquake, during the process of the rubber bearing body 200 recovering its deformation, it can also provide a restoring force to the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, causing them to return to their original positions.
[0030] Because the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are engaged by a wavy first friction surface 411 and a wavy second friction surface 421, the wavy surface structure can provide multiple engagement positions between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420. When the two friction plates undergo relative displacement, there can be multiple contact points between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420. Since the contact points of the two friction plates are inclined surfaces, under the action of gravity, the inclined surfaces can provide a restoring force to the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, so that the support tends to return to its initial state under the action of gravity. Because there are multiple contact points between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, the restoring force on both can be distributed more evenly within them, thereby enhancing the restoring ability of the support. In addition, the friction assembly 400 is located inside the rubber support body 200. During the process of restoring deformation, the rubber support body 200 can also provide a restoring force to the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, further improving the restoring ability of the support. Furthermore, during the reset process of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, the two friction plates can also drive the rubber connected to them back to its initial state. The friction assembly 400 and the rubber support body 200 cooperate with each other to improve the support's recoverability. The support can achieve self-reset capability by relying on gravity, overcoming the disadvantage of traditional self-reset supports that require an additional spring device. This significantly improves the post-earthquake practical performance of the support and achieves post-earthquake self-reset of the support at a low cost.
[0031] In some preferred embodiments, referring to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, a plurality of planar steel plates 500 are also installed within the rubber bearing body 200. The planar steel plates 500 are arranged parallel to the first support plate 100 and bear vertical loads. Furthermore, the plurality of planar steel plates 500 are arranged along a first direction, with rubber filling the spaces between adjacent planar steel plates 500. The planar steel plates 500 improve the vertical load-bearing capacity of the rubber bearing body 200, and also enhance the structural strength of the rubber bearing body 200, reducing the possibility of the rubber tearing during deformation.
[0032] The friction assembly 400 installed within the rubber bearing body 200 can be fixedly installed between two adjacent planar steel plates 500. The first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are directly fixed to the planar steel plates 500, improving the installation stability of the friction assembly 400 within the rubber bearing body 200. Furthermore, during the reset process of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 after an earthquake, the interaction force between the planar steel plates 500 and the friction assembly 400 is stronger, allowing both the friction assembly 400 and the rubber bearing body 200 to reset more quickly.
[0033] In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 1 to 5, in the friction assembly 400, the circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are flush. The friction assembly 400 is fixed inside the rubber support body 200. The circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 abut against the rubber support body 200. Since the circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are flush, the surface of the rubber support body 200 that abuts against the circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 is a flat surface. This part of the rubber support body 200 has fewer stress concentration points, and during the relative sliding process of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, the rubber support body 200 is less prone to tearing or other damage when subjected to tension.
[0034] More preferably, the circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are both arranged parallel to the first direction, so that the thickness of the rubber support body 200 covering the circumference of the friction assembly 400 can remain stable along the first direction, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the rubber support body 200. The thickness of the rubber support body 200 refers to the thickness of the rubber support body 200 between the circumferential sidewall of the rubber support body 200 and the circumferential sidewall of the friction assembly 400 in the radial direction of the support.
[0035] The friction assembly 400 is fixedly installed between two adjacent planar steel plates 500. In some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the projection of the friction assembly 400 along the first direction onto the planar steel plate 500 is within the range of the planar steel plate 500. That is, in the radial direction of the support, the size of the friction assembly 400 is smaller than the size of the planar steel plate 500. Because the friction assembly 400 is smaller, the thickness of its circumferentially encased rubber support body 200 is greater. In the event of slippage between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420, the rubber support body 200 has a higher capacity to withstand lateral loads and is less prone to tearing.
[0036] Within the rubber bearing body 200, the number of friction components 400 is generally selected based on the target equivalent damping ratio. If the designed damping ratio is high, more friction components 400 can be arranged; conversely, fewer friction components 400 can be arranged. Among the friction components 400, the friction coefficient between the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 is determined according to design requirements. In some embodiments, the friction coefficient can be set between 0.03 and 0.15, enhancing the energy dissipation capacity of the bearing without affecting the reset capability of the rubber bearing body 200.
[0037] When the number of friction components 400 is greater than or equal to two, multiple sets of friction components 400 are arranged in parallel inside the rubber bearing body 200, and a certain distance needs to be spaced between adjacent sets of friction components 400 to reduce the impact on the structural strength of the rubber bearing body 200. In some embodiments of this application, the number of planar steel plates 500 between adjacent sets of friction components 400 is greater than or equal to three, and the spaces between adjacent planar steel plates 500 are filled with rubber, so that there are at least two layers of rubber between adjacent sets of friction components 400. The friction components 400 are spaced apart, so that both sets of friction components 400 can be fully utilized when dissipating seismic forces.
[0038] In addition, in some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the planar steel plate 500 is less than the distance between two adjacent planar steel plates 500. The planar steel plate 500 should not be too thick, as excessive thickness will affect the buffering and vibration isolation effect of the rubber bearing body 200.
[0039] In some other embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, a first mounting groove 210 is formed by recessing the surface of the rubber support body 200 that is close to the first support plate 100. A first sealing plate 600 is fixedly installed in the first mounting groove 210. The first sealing plate 600 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 100, and the circumferential sidewalls of the first sealing plate 600 are all abutted against the inner wall of the first mounting groove 210.
[0040] The first sealing plate 600 is embedded in the rubber bearing body 200. The rubber bearing body 200 is connected to the first support plate 100 through the first sealing plate 600, and part of the rubber bearing body 200 is arranged around the first sealing plate 600, which can improve the overall structural stability of the bearing. If the rubber bearing body 200 is directly connected to the first support plate 100, the connection structure between the rubber bearing body 200 and the first support plate 100 is easily damaged after shear deformation, affecting the normal use of the bearing.
[0041] And / or, referring to Figure 2, a second mounting groove 220 is formed by recessing the surface of the rubber bearing body 200 that is close to the second bearing plate 300. A second sealing plate 700 is fixedly installed in the second mounting groove 220. The second sealing plate 700 is fixedly connected to the second bearing plate 300, and the circumferential sidewalls of the second sealing plate 700 are all tightly fitted against the inner wall of the second mounting groove 220. The second sealing plate 700 is embedded in the rubber bearing body 200, thereby improving the connection stability between the rubber bearing body 200 and the second bearing plate 300.
[0042] In practice, the second sealing plate 700 and the second support plate 300, as well as the first sealing plate 600 and the first support plate 100, are usually fixed by connecting bolts 800.
[0043] In some other embodiments of this application, the friction assembly 400 is directly connected to the first support plate 100 or the second support plate 300. Specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, a third mounting groove 230 is formed by recessing the surface of the rubber support body 200 that is close to the first support plate 100 and / or the second support plate 300. The friction assembly 400 is fixedly installed in this third mounting groove 230, and the friction assembly 400 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 100 or the second support plate 300 corresponding to the third mounting groove 230. The circumferential sidewalls of the friction assembly 400 are all tightly fitted against the inner wall of the third mounting groove 230.
[0044] The rubber bearing body 200 is directly connected to the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300 via the friction assembly 400, improving the connection stability between the rubber bearing body 200 and the first support plate 100 and the second support plate 300. The first support plate 100 or the second support plate 300 corresponding to the third mounting groove 230 means that if the third mounting groove 230 is located on the surface of the rubber bearing body 200 close to the first support plate 100, then the third mounting groove 230 corresponds to the first support plate 100; if the third mounting groove 230 is located on the surface of the rubber bearing body 200 close to the second support plate 300, then the third mounting groove 230 corresponds to the second support plate 300.
[0045] A set of friction components 400 is installed in a third mounting groove 230. Friction components 400 can be installed on both the top and bottom of the rubber support body 200, or only on the top or bottom. The side of the rubber support body 200 closest to the first support plate 100 is the top, and the side closest to the second support plate 300 is the bottom. The inner wall of the third mounting groove 230 abuts against the circumferential side wall of the friction components 400, stabilizing the position of the friction components 400.
[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the number of friction components 400 is set to one or more. In each group of friction components 400, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are mutually limited and fitted in the same direction. The support corresponding to the friction component 400 is a unidirectional support, which dissipates seismic force in the limiting direction of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420.
[0047] In some other embodiments of this application, the friction assembly 400 is provided in two or more sets, as shown in FIG9. In one set of friction assemblies 400, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are mutually constrained and engaged along a second direction. In another set of friction assemblies 400, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are mutually constrained and engaged along a third direction. Both the second and third directions are perpendicular to the first direction and intersect each other. The first direction is referenced to the y-axis direction shown in FIG9, the second direction is referenced to the x-axis direction shown in FIG9, and the third direction is referenced to the z-axis direction shown in FIG9. This support is a bidirectional decoupled support, which can dissipate seismic forces in both the second and third directions.
[0048] In both unidirectional and bidirectional decoupled supports, the structures of the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 can be referenced as shown in Figure 8.
[0049] In other embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 6 and 7, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 are radially positioned and engaged with the support. The groove or protrusion formed by the first friction surface 411 and the second friction surface 421 is annular, allowing the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 to be radially positioned and engaged with the support. When the support moves in either radial direction, the first friction plate 410 and the second friction plate 420 can slide and engage, dissipating seismic forces; this support is a universal joint.
[0050] The cross-section of the rubber support body 200 can be circular or square, and no limitation is made in the embodiments provided in this application.
[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gravity-driven self-resetting friction sliding support, characterized in that, It includes a first support plate (100), a rubber support body (200), a second support plate (300), and at least one set of friction components (400); The first support plate (100), the rubber support body (200), and the second support plate (300) are sequentially overlapped and fixed along the first direction, and the friction assembly (400) is fixedly installed inside the rubber support body (200); The friction assembly (400) includes a first friction plate (410) and a second friction plate (420) that are sequentially overlapped along a first direction. The first friction plate (410) has a first friction surface (411), and the second friction plate (420) has a second friction surface (421). Both the first friction surface (411) and the second friction surface (421) are wavy. The first friction surface (411) and the second friction surface (421) are arranged facing each other, and the first friction plate (410) and the second friction plate (420) are meshed with each other. The first friction plate (410) and the second friction plate (420) are radially limited to each other along the support.
2. The gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber support body (200) is also equipped with a plurality of flat steel plates (500), which are arranged parallel to the first support plate (100) and the plurality of flat steel plates (500) are arranged along the first direction. Rubber is filled between two adjacent flat steel plates (500), and the friction component (400) is fixedly installed between two adjacent flat steel plates (500).
3. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circumferential sidewalls of the first friction plate (410) and the second friction plate (420) are flush and parallel to the first direction.
4. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projection of the friction assembly (400) along the first direction onto the adjacent planar steel plate (500) is within the range of the planar steel plate (500).
5. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of planar steel plates (500) between two adjacent sets of friction components (400) is greater than or equal to three.
6. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the planar steel plate (500) is less than the distance between two adjacent planar steel plates (500).
7. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the rubber support body (200) that is close to the first support plate (100) is recessed to form a first mounting groove (210). A first sealing plate (600) is fixedly installed in the first mounting groove (210). The first sealing plate (600) is fixedly connected to the first support plate (100), and the circumferential sidewalls of the first sealing plate (600) are all in abutting fit with the inner wall of the first mounting groove (210). And / or, a second mounting groove (220) is formed in the recess of the surface of the rubber support body (200) that is close to the second support plate (300). A second sealing plate (700) is fixedly installed in the second mounting groove (220). The second sealing plate (700) is fixedly connected to the second support plate (300), and the circumferential sidewalls of the second sealing plate (700) are all in tight fit with the inner wall of the second mounting groove (220).
8. A gravity self-resetting friction sliding support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the rubber support body (200) that is close to the first support plate (100) and / or the second support plate (300) is recessed to form a third mounting groove (230). The friction assembly (400) is fixedly installed in the third mounting groove (230), and the friction assembly (400) is fixedly connected to the first support plate (100) or the second support plate (300) corresponding to the third mounting groove (230). The circumferential sidewalls of the friction assembly (400) are all tightly fitted against the inner wall of the third mounting groove (230).