Reconfiguration of transmission paths using a predetermined control function

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (100) for controlling a transmission (102) of different data by means of an Ethernet network (10), in which a transmission (102) of data of a first type is controlled (104) in a network (12) of a first type according to an MR protocol and a transmission (102) of the data of the first type is carried out in a network (14) of a second type by means of network switches (16, 18, 24, 26) between a network (12) of the first type and at least one further network (12) of the first type and is controlled (104) according to an MRP-I protocol. In a first operating state of the Ethernet network (10), data of a second type are transmitted (102) between two network switches (16, 18, 24, 26) of the network (12) of the first type according to the MR protocol. In a second operating state, the data of the second type are transmitted (102) between the aforementioned two network switches (16, 18, 24, 26) according to a predetermined control function.

Description

[0001] 202419904

[0002] 1

[0003] Description

[0004] Reconfiguration of transmission paths based on a predefined control function

[0005] The invention relates to a method for controlling the transmission of various types of data, an Ethernet network for carrying out the method, and a rail-bound vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program and a computer-readable medium.

[0006] To provide efficient and reliable data transmission via an Ethernet network, a unique connection path at the physical layer is required between two network participants. Redundant connections between two network participants, on the other hand, impair the capacity of the Ethernet network. For example, in the case of loops at the physical layer, data packets circulate. Nevertheless, network topologies of varying complexity are often desired or necessary at the physical layer of the Ethernet network to meet predetermined requirements. For example, safety-critical systems have high demands regarding availability, reliability, and / or fault tolerance. Such requirements can only be met with redundant connections between network participants in the Ethernet network.In other applications, a flexibly configurable network topology may be relevant. To nevertheless enable the efficient and reliable operation of Ethernet networks designed according to specific requirements at the physical level, redundancy protocols are provided. These protocols control data transmission in networks with redundant connections between two network participants. Well-known redundancy protocols include the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RST protocol) and the Media Redundancy Protocol (MR protocol). The MR protocol is standard 202419904.

[0007] 2

[0008] The MR protocol further defines ring topologies. For ring topologies, high availability with short reconfiguration times can be provided using the MR protocol. In preferred use cases, reconfiguration times of preferably 200 ms or less can be achieved. Therefore, ring topologies are frequently used for transmitting time-critical data, such as process data. To prevent data packets from circulating, data transmission in a ring topology is controlled using the MR protocol. Predefined connections are blocked for data transmission, ensuring unique connection paths between two network participants. Nevertheless, test packets are sent cyclically in the ring topology to regularly check continuity. This allows for the rapid detection of errors and the swift restoration of a continuous data transmission connection within the aforementioned reconfiguration time.

[0009] Rail-bound vehicles typically have separate networks with different network topologies to provide optimal conditions for the transmission of various types of data.

[0010] For example, a first network is used for transmitting time-critical data, such as process data. In this first network, the network participants are interconnected according to a ring topology. Using the MR protocol, this ensures high availability and a short reconfiguration time, preferably 200 ms. This allows for the implementation of an Ethernet network with high fault tolerance. This first network is often referred to as a "train control network." Furthermore, a second network is provided for transmitting message data, which should offer a flexible network topology with a high data transmission rate. This message data typically consists of data with relatively low priority and usually a high data volume.

[0011] For example, the second network 202419904

[0012] 3

[0013] Media data and / or recordings from video surveillance systems are transmitted. In the context of rail vehicles, the second network is usually referred to as the "Train Operator Network." The RST protocol is typically used as the redundancy protocol for the second network. This allows for a network topology that can be flexibly designed at the physical level. However, this comes at the cost of significantly longer reconfiguration times of up to a few seconds. Separate networks, however, involve high installation costs, high material requirements, high maintenance and repair costs, high configuration costs, high development costs, and / or high weight.Furthermore, when designing new data transmission systems, migrating network participants that only support older standards or are limited to a predetermined data transmission rate presents a particular challenge.

[0014] The invention is based on the objective of providing an improved method for controlling the transmission of different types of data using a common Ethernet network.

[0015] This problem is solved by a method having the features of claim 1.

[0016] Furthermore, the invention is based on the objective of providing an Ethernet network for carrying out the method.

[0017] This problem is solved by an Ethernet network having the features of claim 11.

[0018] Furthermore, the invention is based on the objective of providing a rail-bound vehicle with an Ethernet network. 202419904

[0019] This problem is solved by a rail-bound vehicle with the features of claim 13.

[0020] Furthermore, the invention is based on the objectives of providing a computer program and a computer-readable medium.

[0021] These tasks are solved by a computer program having the features of claim 14 and by a computer-readable medium having the features of claim 15.

[0022] The method according to the invention is designed to control the transmission of different types of data using an Ethernet network.

[0023] In the method according to the invention, the transmission of first-order data in a first-order network of an Ethernet network is controlled according to a Media Redundancy Protocol (MR protocol). In the context of the present invention, the Media Redundancy Protocol is understood to be the standard defined in IEC 62439-2. Using the MR protocol, which is a redundancy protocol for Ethernet networks, individual failures in a simple ring topology can be compensated for. Preferably, the MR protocol enables reconfiguration times of 200 ms or less. According to the MR protocol, a network participant is typically configured as a redundancy manager. During operation of the Ethernet network, the redundancy manager verifies the continuity of the ring topology by sending test packets.Furthermore, the redundancy manager allows data packets to be forwarded only along predetermined, unique connection paths between two network participants, in order to prevent impairment of Ethernet network capacity due to circulating data packets. 202419904.

[0024] 5

[0025] Furthermore, the inventive method provides that in a second type of Ethernet network, data of the first type is transmitted between a first type network and at least one other first type network using network switches and is controlled according to a Media Redundancy Protocol - Interconnection Protocol (MRP-I protocol). The MRP-I protocol is the standard described in IEC 62439-2:2021. Moreover, the inventive method provides that data of the second type is transmitted using network switches of the second type network.

[0026] Furthermore, in a first operating state of the Ethernet network, the inventive method provides that the second type of data is transmitted between two network switches of a first type of network of the Ethernet network according to the MR protocol. In a second operating state, it is provided that the second type of data is transmitted between the aforementioned two network switches of the first type of network of the Ethernet network according to a predefined control function.

[0027] In this way, diverse requirements for different types of data can be met within a single Ethernet network. In a preferred use case, this allows different types of data, which previously required separate Ethernet networks, to be transmitted over a single, shared Ethernet network.

[0028] For example, this makes it possible to combine a train control network and a train operator network in a common Ethernet network.

[0029] Using the control function, initially high recovery time requirements can be met for the purpose of transmitting first-type data. Subsequently, based on the predefined control function, a reconfiguration of a 202419904 can be linked to low recovery time requirements.

[0030] 6

[0031] Regarding the transmission path for type II data, a recovery of type II data transmission can be implemented. In the event of a failure, a rapid reconfiguration of a loop-free transmission path for type I data based on the MR protocol can be provided in the type I network. Subsequently, a reconfiguration of the transmission path for type II data can then be implemented using the predefined control function. This prevents overloading of the type I data transmission path. Furthermore, in the event of a failure, the predefined control function allows the reconfiguration of the transmission path for type I data to be carried out separately from the reconfiguration of the transmission path for type II data. This allows different recovery times to be provided for different parts of an Ethernet network.Prioritized requirements can thus be fulfilled preferentially. Subsequently, lower-priority requirements can be addressed. This makes it possible to efficiently provide demand-driven availability of various types of data.

[0032] Preferably, process data is transmitted as data of the first type. In the context of the present invention, process data is understood to mean time-critical data with high priority. For example, process data is provided for the purpose of controlling and / or monitoring systems and / or automated processes. In a vehicle, this typically allows for the control and / or monitoring of operating components such as a door, a lighting system, and / or an air handling system. To ensure a high level of functional safety, the associated process data must generally be transmitted within a predetermined time interval. Otherwise, an operational interruption may occur. In rail vehicles, process data is currently usually transmitted via the Train Control Network and often according to [202419904].

[0033] 7

[0034] Transmitted according to Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards.

[0035] Furthermore, message data is preferably transmitted as secondary data. In the context of the present invention, message data refers to other data which, compared to process data, has a lower priority. Message data often has a large volume. For example, message data includes media data and / or recordings from video surveillance systems. In rail vehicles, message data is currently transmitted via the Train Operator Network.

[0036] Advantageously, first-type data is transmitted along at least one segment of the first-type network at a data transmission rate of no more than 100 Mbit / s. This enables a cost-effective and simple migration of existing network participants. Such devices can thus be retained and / or continue to be used. In the preferred use case, this allows existing PROFInet-based devices, such as SIBAS-PN devices, to continue to be used.

[0037] Second type data can be transmitted at a data transmission rate of at least 200 Mbit / s, preferably at least 500 Mbit / s, particularly preferably at least 1 Gbit / s and particularly advantageously at 10 Gbit / s or more.

[0038] Furthermore, the second type of data is advantageously transmitted by means of network switches of the second type of network connected to one another according to an H-topology. In the context of the present invention, a topology is understood to be a type of connection of network participants of the Ethernet network for the purpose of data transmission at a physical layer. The physical layer corresponds to the first layer.

[0039] 8

[0040] of the OSI reference model. An H-topology is also frequently referred to as a ladder topology, which is accordingly called a "ladder topology" in English. Based on the network switches connected according to the H-topology, a flexibly configurable network topology for transmitting second-order data at a high data transmission rate can be provided. Likewise, interconnected ring topologies can be implemented as part of the Ethernet network using the MRP-I protocol.

[0041] The second operating state is preferably realized when an interruption of data transmission occurs between two network switches of one of the networks of the first type.

[0042] Another advantageous implementation variant involves transmitting type I and type II data via separate connections between two network switches of the type II network. Different types of data can be easily transmitted separately over the same Ethernet network. This avoids the need to transmit type II data along a connection path that is limited to a data transfer rate of, for example, 100 Mbit / s. Furthermore, it enables highly reliable transmission of process data. Overloading of connection paths where network participants limit the data transfer rate, for example, due to the transmission of large amounts of message data, can be avoided cost-effectively.

[0043] An advantageous further development provides that, for the transmission of data between the two network switches of the first-type network, one first-type path and two second-type paths are provided. In the first operating state of the Ethernet network, the first-type data and the second-type data are transmitted together along one of the two second-type paths. Preferably, along the 202419904

[0044] 9

[0045] The first-type path transmits only first-type data. Both first-type and second-type data can be transmitted along one of the two second-type paths. Providing the two second-type paths and the first-type path allows for multiple redundant connection options between the two network participants. Furthermore, the additional second-type path can be used to prevent overloading the first-type path. Second-type data, which typically has large data volumes, can still be forwarded between the two network switches via the additional second-type path if the first of the two second-type paths fails. Therefore, forwarding of second-type data does not have to be forgone if the first of the two second-type paths fails.This allows for the transmission of first-order data exclusively along the first-order path in the aforementioned error scenario. Preferably, the first-order path is a segment of a ring topology of the first-order network.

[0046] One advantageous implementation variant provides that, in the initial operating state of the Ethernet network, according to the predefined control function, an access point is blocked for data transmission on at least one of the two aforementioned network switches with respect to another of the two paths of the second type. This allows for a loop-free Ethernet network to be achieved in a cost-effective and reliable manner.

[0047] In the event that only one access point of the other of the two paths of the second type is blocked, another network switch, such as an access switch, can be connected to the shared Ethernet network via the other of the two aforementioned paths of the second type to expand connectivity options. Preferably, data forwarded by the access switch is transmitted using a virtual network. This allows

[0048] 10

[0049] to continue providing loop-free operation despite the additional connection of an access switch.

[0050] A further advantageous enhancement provides that, in the initial operating state of the Ethernet network, according to the predefined control function, all access points of the aforementioned two network switches are blocked for data transmission on the other of the two paths of the second type. This prevents data transmission along the other of the two paths of the second type between the aforementioned two network switches.

[0051] An advantageous embodiment provides that, in the second operating state of the Ethernet network, according to the predefined control function, at least one access point of the aforementioned two network switches is blocked for data transmission with respect to the aforementioned first of the two secondary paths. Particularly preferably, all access points of the aforementioned two network switches are blocked for data transmission with respect to the aforementioned first of the two secondary paths in the second operating state. In the event of a fault affecting the first of the two secondary paths, data transmission along this first of the two secondary paths can be prevented. In this way, a unique, error-free path can be provided for data packets to be transmitted.

[0052] In a further advantageous embodiment, in the second operating state of the Ethernet network, access points of the aforementioned two network switches are enabled for data transmission on the other of the two type II paths, according to the predefined control function. An intact and redundant type II path can thus be put into operation cost-effectively. In the event of a failure of the first of the two type II paths, a reliable transmission path can be established for type II data, which typically has a large data volume.

[0053] 11

[0054] High data transmission capacity is provided. Therefore, a reconfiguration of the Ethernet network can be designed as needed for the transmission of type II data, independently of the transmission of type I data.

[0055] Furthermore, an advantageous refinement provides for the implementation of the specified control function as a virtual network function. A predetermined portion of the Ethernet network can then be easily configured individually using this control function. Consequently, reconfiguration of the Ethernet network to restore Type II data transmission capability can be performed independently of reconfiguration of the Ethernet network to restore Type I data transmission capability.

[0056] Preferably, the specified control function is provided as a containerized software function. This allows the specified control function to be implemented on one or more arbitrary network participants.

[0057] This allows for minimal technical requirements on network devices, especially network switches. Furthermore, older network devices with limited functionality can be used and individually configured based on the predefined control function.

[0058] Furthermore, an advantageous advanced training provides for the configuration of network switches of the Ethernet network based on a network management protocol using the specified control function. Preferably, the two aforementioned network switches of a network of the first type are configured based on the network management protocol.

[0059] This eliminates the need for specific functional enhancements to existing network switches. Furthermore, functional enhancements to COTS network switches are unnecessary. Network switches of different designs, 202419904

[0060] 12

[0061] Protocols with varying functionalities and / or different levels of currency can be used together to carry out the procedure. For example, an SNMP protocol, such as one specified in IETF RFC 1157 or RFCs 3410-3418, or a Netconf protocol, such as one specified in IETF RFC 6241, can be used as the network management protocol.

[0062] In another advantageous embodiment, access points of network switches in the Ethernet network are monitored for errors based on a predefined control function. In the event of an error, data transmission can thus be quickly restored. Preferably, access points in a first-order network, i.e., access points of network switches in the first-order network, are monitored. Particularly preferably, this monitoring is performed using SNMP traps. In particular, this allows an error concerning the first of the two second-order paths to be detected quickly and reliably.

[0063] Another advantageous further development provides that, in the second operating state of the Ethernet network, first-type data and second-type data are transmitted at least partially along separate paths according to a virtual network. Preferably, the first-type data and the second-type data are transmitted according to the virtual network such that the first-type data is transmitted exclusively along the first-type path and the second-type data is transmitted exclusively along one of at least two second-type paths between two network switches of the first-type network.

[0064] The virtual network is a logical subnetwork within the Ethernet network, which is referred to in English as a "Virtual Local Area Network" (VLAN). This allows for the secure control of separate transmission of Type I and Type II data. In case of an error, 202419904

[0065] 13

[0066] This prevents the transmission of second-type data via the virtual network in a cost-effective manner.

[0067] Furthermore, VLANs allow predefined access points of predefined network switches to be excluded from data transmission. With a suitable VLAN design, loop-free operation can be easily achieved, at least locally. Type I and Type II data can also be transmitted separately and reliably within the shared Ethernet network. In addition, virtual networks enable data streams to be selectively transferred between different segments of the Ethernet network or routed to predefined segments. For example, VLANs can prevent a data packet from being forwarded through multiple access points of a network switch. As a result, efficient operation of the Ethernet network can be achieved.

[0068] Furthermore, the invention provides for an Ethernet network by means of which the method according to the invention can be carried out.

[0069] The Ethernet network according to the invention comprises several networks of the first type. Preferably, each of the several networks of the first type comprises network participants which are interconnected according to a ring topology for the purpose of data transmission. Furthermore, the Ethernet network according to the invention comprises a network of the second type with several network switches. The networks of the first type, the network of the second type, and the network switches are, in particular, of the type already described previously in connection with the method. The several network switches are interconnected according to an H-topology for the purpose of data transmission. Advantageously, the network of the second type is configured to transmit data of the first type between the several networks of the first type. The data of the first type is, in particular, the data described in the preceding paragraph.

[0070] 14

[0071] The first-order data described in the context. Furthermore, each of the multiple first-order networks has two of the multiple network switches of the second-order network as network participants. In this way, the second-order network links the multiple first-order networks together. Starting from the network switches of the second-order network, a freely configurable network topology can advantageously be provided, by means of which second-order data can preferably be transmitted.

[0072] Furthermore, the Ethernet network according to the invention provides that between each of the aforementioned two network switches, a connection line of the first type and two connection lines of the second type are connected for the purpose of data transmission to separate access points of the aforementioned two network participants.

[0073] Specifically, the first-type connection is the first-type path described in the preceding context, and one of the second-type connections is one of the second-type paths described in the preceding context. This enables the provision of a shared Ethernet network in which different types of data can be reliably transmitted together. Furthermore, a high level of functional safety can be achieved using the Ethernet network.

[0074] Preferably, the operating state of the access points of the aforementioned two network switches can be controlled according to the predetermined control function of the type described in connection with the method.

[0075] Ethernet networks allow different network topologies to be combined within a single Ethernet network. Different types of data can be handled concurrently, fulfilling diverse requirements. In particular, this enables the provision of a single Ethernet network at a single physical layer.

[0076] 15

[0077] Installation effort, material costs, installation space, and / or weight of the Ethernet network can be minimized. Furthermore, maintenance and repair costs can be reduced. In addition, data can be transmitted with a high data transfer rate and high availability.

[0078] In the preferred use case, communication participants limited to a predetermined data transmission rate can nevertheless be migrated to the Ethernet network cost-effectively and reliably without restricting the data transmission rate for other data from the outset. A data transmission rate along the first-type connection line can be limited to a maximum of 100 Mbit / s along at least one segment. Data can be transmitted via one of the second-type connection lines at a data transmission rate of at least 200 Mbit / s, preferably at least 500 Mbit / s, and particularly preferably at least 1 Gbit / s, and most advantageously at least 10 Gbit / s.

[0079] An advantageous extension of the Ethernet network involves an additional network switch connected to one of the two secondary connection lines for data transmission. This allows for the simple integration of an access switch into the existing Ethernet network. Therefore, interrupting the ring topology of the primary network for the purpose of integrating the access switch is unnecessary. Additional connection options can be provided for any network participants.

[0080] Preferably, four of the multiple network switches of the second type of network are configured according to the MRP-I protocol such that data can be transferred between two of the multiple first type networks. The MRP-I protocol is the previously mentioned MR protocol, which corresponds to IEC 62439-2: 2021202419904.

[0081] 16

[0082] This complies with the defined standard. This allows network types of the first type, in which data transmission is controlled by the MR protocol, to be linked together. Furthermore, reconfiguration times of 200 ms can be provided in case of errors. The four network switches of the second type network can also be used as a starting point for the transmission of second type data.

[0083] Furthermore, the invention provides for a rail-bound vehicle which has the Ethernet network according to the invention.

[0084] The rail-bound vehicle according to the invention has, in addition to the Ethernet network, several separate vehicle sections. A network of the first type is arranged in each of the several vehicle sections, by means of which process data is transmitted. Furthermore, the networks of the first type provided in each of the several vehicle sections are interconnected by means of a network of the second type of Ethernet network for the purpose of data transmission. This makes it possible to combine different network types and network topologies of a rail-bound vehicle in a common Ethernet network. Transmissions of different types of data, previously implemented using physically separate networks, can thus be combined in a common physical network.

[0085] In a preferred use case, this allows for the implementation of an Ethernet train backbone network, a train control network, and / or a train operator network based on a shared physical Ethernet network. This reduces the weight of the rail vehicle. Furthermore, it reduces maintenance and repair costs for the rail vehicle. Additionally, the Ethernet network can be arranged in a space-saving manner. Moreover, high data transmission rates of at least 1 Gbit / s are possible.

[0086] 17

[0087] This can be achieved. Preferably, data can be transmitted at a data transfer rate of 10 Gbit / s. Furthermore, it allows existing network participants to be easily integrated into the Ethernet network. Devices specifically designed for operating rail vehicles can therefore be retained and used even if the communication technology is changed. Such devices, like SIBAS-PN devices, which are typically based on PROFInet and therefore limited to a maximum data transfer rate of 100 Mbit / s, can be integrated into the Ethernet network without restricting the data transfer rate for other network participants.

[0088] Furthermore, according to the invention, a computer program is provided which, when executed, causes the Ethernet network according to the invention to carry out the method according to the invention.

[0089] Furthermore, the invention provides for a computer-readable medium. This medium contains instructions that cause the Ethernet network according to the invention to carry out the method according to the invention. The computer-readable medium can be, for example, a CD-ROM, a DVD, a USB or flash memory, or a non-physical medium such as a data stream and / or a data carrier signal.

[0090] The properties, features, and advantages of the invention described above, as well as the manner in which these are achieved, are explained in more detail in the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the figures. Where expedient, the same reference numerals are used in the figures for the same or corresponding elements of the invention. The exemplary embodiments serve to illustrate the invention and do not limit the invention to the combinations of features specified therein, even with regard to 202419904

[0091] 18

[0092] Functional features. Furthermore, all features specified in the exemplary embodiments can be considered in isolation and combined appropriately with the features of any claim. The figures described below are schematic and not to scale.

[0093] They show:

[0094] FIG 1 shows an embodiment of a rail-bound vehicle according to the invention with an embodiment of the Ethernet network according to the invention and an illustration of an example of the method according to the invention for controlling the transmission of different types of data by means of the embodiment of the Ethernet network;

[0095] FIG 2 shows a configuration of access points of two network switches of a first implementation form of a network section of the Ethernet network during normal operation;

[0096] FIG 3 shows a configuration of the access points of the two network switches of the network section according to the first embodiment in an operating state which is provided for in case of a fault;

[0097] FIG 4 shows a configuration of access points of two network switches of a second implementation form of a network section of the Ethernet network during normal operation;

[0098] FIG 5 shows a configuration of the access points of the two network switches of the network section according to the second embodiment in an operating state which is provided for in the event of a fault; 202419904

[0099] 19

[0100] FIG 6 illustrates the example of the method for controlling the transmission of different types of data using a schematic flow diagram.

[0101] FIG 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a rail-bound vehicle 32. The rail-bound vehicle 32 includes an embodiment of an Ethernet network 10. Furthermore, FIG 1 illustrates an example of a method 100 for controlling the transmission 102 of different types of data using the Ethernet network 10.

[0102] The embodiment of the rail-bound vehicle 32 comprises three coupled vehicle sections 34. By way of example, the vehicle sections 34 are separate carriages of the rail-bound vehicle 32.

[0103] The embodiment of the Ethernet network 10 comprises several network sections 30a, 30b according to different implementation forms. Each of the network sections 30a, 30b has a network of the first type 12. Network participants of the network of the first type 12 are interconnected at a physical layer according to a ring topology. In order to achieve reconfiguration times of less than 200 ms in the event of a fault, data transmission 102 via the network of the first type 12 is controlled according to an MR protocol 104. Furthermore, each of the three networks of the first type 12 is configured to transmit process data 102. This process data can therefore be transmitted with high availability of the network of the first type 12 102.

[0104] Furthermore, the embodiment of the Ethernet network 10 includes a second-order network 14, which comprises all network segments 30a, 30b. The second-order network 202419904

[0105] 20

[0106] 14 has several network switches 16, 18, 24, 26. This second-type network 14 is configured to transmit process data between the three example first-type networks 12 102. For this purpose, two of the several network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 are each part of a ring topology of one of the three first-type networks 12 and are thus intended as network participants of one of the three first-type networks 12. The transmission 102 of the process data between the first-type networks 12 is controlled here according to an MRP-I protocol 104, which is defined in IEC 62439-2:2021. Accordingly, access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26, which pertain to the second-type network 14, are configured according to the MRP-I protocol. For example, network switches 16 and 24 are configured as MRP interconnection clients according to the MRP-I protocol.Furthermore, network switch 18 is configured as an example MRP interconnection manager. Another network switch 26 is also configured as both an MRP interconnection client and an MRP interconnection manager. Preferably, network switches 18 and 26, which are configured as MRP interconnection managers, are located unilaterally along an H-topology of the secondary network 14. This allows a unilateral data connection to be provided without having to switch sides of the H-topology of the secondary network 14. Delays in the transmission of data packets due to a side switch in the H-topology can therefore be avoided. In addition, the secondary network 14 is configured to transmit message data via the aforementioned network switches 16, 18, 24, and 26.

[0107] In the present embodiment, the second-type network 14 is configured to transmit data at a data transmission rate of at least 1 Gbit / s. In this way, both message data and process data can be transmitted using the second-type network 14. 102. According to the MR protocol and MRP-I-202419904

[0108] 21

[0109] Nevertheless, the protocol can provide a reconfiguration time of preferably 200 ms or less for the transmission of process data in the event of an interruption of data transmission. Process data can therefore be transmitted reliably. 102. In addition, the second-order network 14 can be used as a train operator network. Starting from the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of the second-order network 14, freely configurable network topologies can be provided for the purpose of transmitting message data at high speeds. 102. Furthermore, using the first-order networks 12, network participants can be integrated into the Ethernet network 10 that support a data transmission rate of at most 100 Mbit / s or less, without causing a reduction in the data transmission rate during the normal operation of the Ethernet network 10.This allows, for example, SIBAS-PN devices, which are mostly based on PROFInet, to be reliably and cost-effectively integrated into the Ethernet network 10. Nevertheless, a high data transmission rate for message data can be maintained unchanged during normal operation of the Ethernet network 10. Preferably, the networks of the first type 12 are each configured such that a network participant of the network of the first type 12, which is configured as an MRP manager 36 according to the MR protocol, is directly connected via a network switch 18, 26, which is configured as an MRP interconnection manager according to the MRP-I protocol.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission 102 of the various types of data is controlled 104 such that predetermined connection paths to network switches 18, 24, 26, which are arranged along a lower line of the H-topology of the network of the first type 14 as shown in FIG. 1, are blocked for data transmission 102 by means of the network switches 18, 26 and the network participant of the network of the first type 12 configured as an MRP manager 36. This prevents data transmission 102 via redundant connection paths.

[0111] 22

[0112] This allows for loop-free operation. In case of an error, connection paths can then be activated as needed to utilize redundant connection paths at the physical level for the purpose of maintaining data transmission.

[0113] Furthermore, two network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of one of the first-type networks 12 are connected to each other by means of two connection lines 21, 22 due to the intended ring topology. Network participants of the first-type network 12 are arranged along a first connection line 21. Consequently, the data transmission rate along the first connection line 21 is limited to 100 Mbit / s. Both message data and process data are transmitted along the second connection line 22 102. Therefore, data can be transmitted along the second connection line 22 at a data transmission rate of more than 100 Mbit / s, preferably at about 1 Gbit / s 102. However, if, for example, the first connection line 21 is interrupted due to a fault, both message data and process data would be routed solely via the second connection line 22 of the first-type network 12.However, the data transmission rate here is limited to 100 Mbit / s. This exceeds a capacity limit, and time-critical process data cannot be forwarded and / or transmitted within the required time interval. To avoid this and to also be able to continue transmitting message data in the exemplary error case described, an additional connection line 20 is provided between the two network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of each of the networks of the first type 12. This additional connection line 20 is of the same type as the second connection line 22. In a first embodiment of one of the network sections 30a, the two network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of one of the networks of the first type 12 are directly connected by means of the second connection line 22.

[0114] 23

[0115] The second connection line 20, 22 is connected. In a second embodiment of one of the network sections 30b, the two network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of one of the networks of the first type 12 are directly connected via the second connection line 22. Using the second connection line 20, an additional network switch 28, configured as an access switch, is connected to the Ethernet network 10 to expand connectivity options. To achieve loop-free operation in network section 30b according to the second embodiment, a virtual network 106 is provided as an example, based on which data to and from the additional network switch 28 is routed along a unique path. In the following, the provided virtual network 106 will be referred to as VLAN.

[0116] In normal operation of the Ethernet network 10, as previously explained, the transmission 102 of process data in the first-order network 12 is controlled 104 and monitored according to the MR protocol. The transmission 102 of process data between the first-order networks 12 is controlled according to the MRP-I protocol 104. Accordingly, the transmission of message data is controlled according to the MRP-I protocol 104. Furthermore, the Ethernet network 10 has a control function by means of which access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of the second-order network 14 are monitored for their operating status 108. This control function is implemented as a virtual network function. By means of the aforementioned control function, each of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of the second-order network 14 can be configured on the basis of a network management protocol 114.A configuration 114 of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 is achieved here by means of the control function by blocking 110 or enabling 112 the operating state of at least some of the access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 for data transmission 102. This allows the use of commercially available network switches 16, 18, 24, 26.

[0117] 24

[0118] This can be achieved without requiring specific functional extensions. Preferably, functional extensions on COTS switches can be dispensed with. Using the control function, access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 are blocked 110 or enabled 112 according to the operating state of the Ethernet network 10, as described here.

[0119] FIG 2 shows a schematic representation of a detailed view of network section 30a according to the first implementation form in a normal operating state of the Ethernet network 10.

[0120] Network section 30a according to the first embodiment includes, for example, a first-type network 12, to which two network switches 24, 26 of the several network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of the second-type network 14 are assigned. These two network switches 24, 26 are connected to each other in network section 30a according to the first embodiment by means of the first connection line 21, the second connection line 22, and the further connection line 20 for the purpose of transmitting 102 data. In the normal operating state of the Ethernet network 10, message data and process data are transmitted together between the two network switches 24, 26 along a second-type path 102, which in this case corresponds to the second connection line 22. For this purpose, access points 38 of the two network switches 24, 26 relating to the second connection line 22 are enabled for data transmission 112.An access point 38 authorized for data transmission is illustrated here by showing the exemplary rectangular access points 38 with a white fill. An access point 38 of a first network switch 24 of the two network switches 24, 26, and an access point 38 of a second network switch 26 of the two network switches 24, 26, concerning the further connection line 20, are, however, designated for a 202419904.

[0121] 25

[0122] Data transmission 102 is blocked according to the control function 110. An access point 38 blocked for data transmission 102 is illustrated here by the fact that the access points 38, shown as rectangular examples, have a black fill. Data transmission 102 via the further connection line 20, and thus along a further path of the second type 20, is thereby excluded. Control of an operating state of the access points 38 concerning the further connection line 20 is carried out here according to the control function. Furthermore, in the normal operating state of the Ethernet network 10 described here, process data is transmitted along a path of the first type 21, which corresponds to at least a section of the first connection line 21. According to the MR protocol, an access point 38 of the second network switch 26, which concerns the first connection line 21, is blocked here as an example.In this way, loop-free transfer of process data based on the ring topology can be achieved.

[0123] FIG 3 shows a configuration of the access points 38 of the two network switches 24, 26 in the network section 30a according to the first implementation form in the event of an interruption of the second connection line 22 and thus in the event of an interruption of the path of the second type 22 used jointly for a transmission 102 in a schematic representation .

[0124] In the previously described fault condition, the Ethernet network 10 operates differently from its normal operating state. According to the MR protocol, a path for transmitting 102 the process data is first reconfigured. For this purpose, according to the MR protocol, the blocked 110 access point 38 at the first network switch 24 is released with respect to the first connection line 21. 112. In this way, a transmission 102 of the process data along the path of the first type 21202419904 is established.

[0125] 26

[0126] within a recovery time of 200 ms or less. Based on the planned VLAN 106, the transmission of process data and message data is physically separated. In the event of an error, this prevents the transmission of message data along the path of the first type 21. In this way, it can be prevented that, in the event of an error, message data prevents or restricts the forwarding and transmission of time-critical process data.

[0127] Subsequently, the access points 38 of the two network switches 24, 26 relating to the second and the further connection line 20, 22 are reconfigured using the control function 114. In the example described here, this is done such that access points 38 of the network switches 24, 26 relating to the further connection line 20 are enabled for data transmission 112. Furthermore, access points 38 relating to the faulty second connection line 22 are blocked for data transmission 110. This ensures that data packets are not erroneously forwarded along the faulty path of the second type 22.

[0128] Furthermore, the provided VLAN ensures that only message data is transmitted along the additional connection line 20 102. This means that, in the event of an error described here, message data and process data are transmitted separately via separate connection lines 21, 22 102. Therefore, reconfiguring a path for the purpose of transmitting message data can be carried out with less configuration time, as specified by the control function.

[0129] FIG 4 shows the network section 30b according to a second implementation form during normal operation of the Ethernet network 10 in a schematic representation. 202419904

[0130] 27

[0131] By way of example, network section 30b according to a second embodiment has a network of the first type 12, to which two network switches 16, 18 of the several network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 of the network of the second type 14 are assigned. These two network switches 16, 18 are connected to each other in network section 30b according to the second embodiment by means of the first connecting line 21, the second connecting line 22 and the further connecting line 20 for the purpose of transmitting 102 data. In contrast to the network section 30a described previously in connection with FIG. 2 according to the first embodiment, an additional network switch 28, which is implemented as an access switch, is connected to the further connecting line 20 here.

[0132] This allows for an expansion of connection options. Furthermore, in contrast to network section 30a according to the first implementation, an access point 38 of a first network switch 16 of the two aforementioned network switches 16, 18 is enabled for data transmission via the additional connection line 20 112. In order to maintain loop-free operation despite the connection of the additional network switch 28, the access point 38 of the first network switch 16 is configured via the provided VLAN 106 such that only data to or from the access switch is forwarded. An access point 38 of a second network switch 18 of the two aforementioned network switches 16, 18 of the network of the first type 12, on the other hand, is blocked for data transmission 102 110.Furthermore, a configuration of the access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18 corresponds to a configuration of the access points 38 of the network switches 24, 26, as described in connection with FIG 2.

[0133] In an advantageous embodiment, a first section of the further connecting line 20 between the additional 202419904 is also controlled by means of the control function.

[0134] 28

[0135] Network switch 28 and the first network switch 16 as well as a second section of the further connecting line 20 between the additional network switch 28 and the second network switch 18 are monitored for fault conditions.

[0136] Advantageously, this monitoring is performed using SNMP traps according to an SNMP protocol. Preferably, the access switch itself provides information on error states concerning the additional connection line 20. This enables redundant monitoring.

[0137] If a fault is detected concerning the first section of the additional connection line 20, the corresponding access point 38 of the first network switch 16 is blocked 110. Then, the blocked access point 38 of the second network switch 18 concerning the second section of the additional connection line 20 is enabled for data transmission 112 in a manner not described in detail 110. Furthermore, the VLAN 106 intended for data transmission via the additional network switch 28 is configured such that data concerning the devices connected via the access switch is forwarded via access point 38 of the second network switch 18 instead of the first network switch 16. Devices connected to the access switch can thus be reintegrated into the Ethernet network 10.To ensure that all devices connected to the access switch remain accessible, in the event of a failure of the first section of the second connection line 20, the control function must also reconfigure all 106 VLANs, on the basis of which data transmission to and from the devices connected to the access switch is realized. These cannot be statically preconfigured, as this would create an avoidable loop in the event of a failure of the second connection line 22.

[0138] 29

[0139] In a particularly preferred implementation variant, in the event of an error, the control function deletes the information stored in a forwarding database for affected network switches 16, 18, 24, 26 to enable rapid reconfiguration. This allows for a quick relearning process to new paths.

[0140] In the event of an interruption of the second section of the further connection line 20, no reconfiguration will take place. However, it is planned that a maintenance message will be issued in order to initiate a repair.

[0141] FIG 5 shows a configuration of the access points 38 of the two network switches 16, 18 in the network section 30b according to the second implementation form in the event of an interruption of the second connection line 22 and thus in the event of an interruption of the path of the second type 22 used jointly for a transmission 102 in a schematic representation .

[0142] The configuration of the access points 38 of the network switches 16, 18 concerning the first, the second and the further connection line 20, 21, 22 corresponds to the configuration of the access points 38 of the network switches 24, 26 described in connection with FIG 3 concerning the first, the second and the further connection line 20, 21, 22. However, with regard to the further connection line 20, in contrast to the configuration described in FIG 3, only one access point 38 of the second network switch 18 needs to be enabled for data transmission in the event of a fault.

[0143] Preferably, it is further provided that, in the event of the elimination of the fault condition, the access points 38 are reconfigured such that they are configured in the manner previously described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 4. Advantageously, first, 202419904

[0144] 30

[0145] The control function monitors whether the second connection line 22 is functional again. If the connection line 22 is functional, the control function then blocks data transmission between the first network switch 16 and the second network switch 18 via the further connection line 20. Assuming that the further connection line 20 is continuously functional, the access points 38 of the first and second network switches 16, 18 are reconfigured such that the configuration described by way of example in connection with FIG. 4 is achieved.Before enabling access to the corresponding access points 38, the designated VLAN 106 is configured such that data transmission from the devices connected to the additional network switch 28 (the access switch) via access point 38 of the second network switch 18 is prevented with respect to the second section of the additional connection line 20. This allows normal operation of the Ethernet network 10 to be quickly restored in the event of a fault. This ensures a high level of functional reliability in the event of a further fault.

[0146] FIG 6 shows the example of method 100 for controlling the transmission 102 of different types of data, as described in connection with FIGS 1 to 5, by means of a schematic flow diagram.

[0147] Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived by the person skilled in the art without leaving the scope of protection of the invention.

[0148] Regardless of the grammatical gender of a particular term, persons with male, female or other gender identities are included.

Claims

202419904 31 Patent claims 1. Method ( 100 ) for controlling a transmission ( 102 ) of different types of data using an Ethernet network ( 10 ) , at which - in a first-type network ( 12 ) of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) a transmission ( 102 ) of first-type data is controlled according to an MR protocol ( 104 ) ; - in a second type network ( 14 ) of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) a transmission ( 102 ) of first type data is realized by means of network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) between a first type network ( 12 ) and at least one other first type network ( 12 ) and is controlled according to an MRP-I protocol ( 104 ); - Second type data can be transmitted using the aforementioned network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) ( 102 ) ; - in a first operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) the second type of data is transmitted between two network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) of a first type of network ( 12 ) of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) according to the MR protocol ( 102 ); - in a second operating state, the second type of data is transferred between the aforementioned two network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) of the first type of network ( 12 ) of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) according to a predefined control function ( 102 ).

2. Method ( 100 ) according to claim 1 , at which - for the transmission ( 102 ) of data between the aforementioned two network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) a path of the first kind ( 21 ) and two paths of the second kind ( 20 , 22 ) are provided; - in the first operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) the first type of data and the second type of data are transmitted along one of the first of the two second type paths ( 22 ) common to ( 102 ).202419904 32 3. Method ( 100) according to claim 2, in which, in the first operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10) according to the specified control function, an access point (38) is blocked ( 110) with respect to at least one of the two network switches ( 16, 18, 24, 26) concerning another of the two paths of the second type (20) for data transmission ( 102 ).

4. Method ( 100) according to claim 2, in which, in the first operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10) according to the specified control function, access points (38 ) of both of the aforementioned two network switches ( 16, 18, 24, 26) are blocked for data transmission on the further of the two paths of the second type (20) ( 110) .

5. Method ( 100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, in which, in the second operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10) according to the specified control function, an access point (38) blocks at least one of the two network switches ( 16, 18, 24, 26) concerning the first of the two paths of the second type (22) for data transmission ( 110).

6. Method ( 100) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, in which, in the second operating state of the Ethernet network ( 10) according to the specified control function, access points (38 ) of the aforementioned two network switches ( 16, 18, 24, 26) are enabled for data transmission on the further of the two paths of the second type (20) ( 112 ).

7. Method ( 100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the specified control function is implemented as a virtual network function.

8. Method ( 100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein network switches ( 16, 18, 24, 26) of the Ethernet network are controlled by means of the specified control function. 33 ( 10 ) , in particular the two network switches mentioned ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) , are configured on the basis of a network management protocol ( 114 ) .

9. Method ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein access points ( 38 ) of the network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) of the Ethernet network ( 10 ) are monitored for a fault on the basis of the specified control function ( 108 ).

10. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the second operating state of the Ethernet network (10) data of the first type and data of the second type are transmitted at least partially along separate paths (20, 21) according to a virtual network, preferably such that the data of the first type (12) are transmitted exclusively along a path of the first type (21) and the data of the second type are transmitted exclusively along one of at least two paths of the second type (20, 22) between two network switches (16, 18, 24, 26) of the network of the first type (12) (102).

11. Ethernet network ( 10 ) which is configured to carry out the method ( 100 ) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: - several networks of the first type ( 12 ) , wherein network participants of each of the several networks of the first type ( 12 ) are interconnected according to a ring topology for the purpose of data transmission; - a second type of network ( 14 ) which has several network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) which are interconnected according to an H-topology for the purpose of data transmission; - wherein each of the several networks of the first kind ( 12 ) has two of the several network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ) of the network of the second kind ( 14 ) as network participants and wherein a connecting line 202419904 exists between the aforementioned two network switches ( 16 , 18 , 24 , 26 ). 34 first type (21) and two second type connection lines (20, 22) are connected for the purpose of data transmission to each separate access point (38) of the aforementioned two network switches (16, 18, 24, 26).

12. Ethernet network ( 10) according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that an additional network switch (28 ) is provided which is connected to one of the two second type connection lines (20, 22 ) for the purpose of data transmission .

13. Rail-bound vehicle (32) with several separate vehicle sections (34) and an Ethernet network (10) according to one of claims 11 to 12, characterized by the fact that - in each of the several vehicle sections (34) a network of the first type (12) is provided; - the first-type networks (12) provided in each of the several vehicle sections (34) are linked together by means of the second-type network (14) of the Ethernet network (10) for the purpose of data transmission.

14. Computer program which, when executed, causes the Ethernet network ( 10) according to one of claims 11 to 12 to carry out the method ( 100) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

15. Comprising a computer-readable medium containing instructions which cause the Ethernet network ( 10) according to any one of claims 11 to 12 to execute the method ( 100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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