Method for wireless communication, and terminal device

Abstract

Provided are a method for wireless communication, and a terminal device. The method for wireless communication comprises: when a first condition is met and a terminal device has predicted that a handover trigger condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for conditional handover is met in the future, or when the terminal device has predicted that a radio link failure and / or a beam failure is about to occur in a serving cell in the future, the terminal device initiating a handover procedure to a first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiating a rapid recovery process for conditional handover, wherein the first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

Description

Methods and terminal devices for wireless communication Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a method and terminal device for wireless communication. Background Technology

[0002] To reduce handover latency, some communication systems (such as new radio (NR) systems) have introduced conditional handover mechanisms. In conditional handover, the terminal device hands over to a candidate cell when the handover triggering conditions associated with that candidate cell are met. However, in some cases, communication between the terminal device and network equipment may be interrupted before the handover is triggered. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method and terminal device for wireless communication. The various aspects covered in this application are described below.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for wireless communication is provided, comprising: when a first condition is met and a terminal device predicts that a handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell in one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in a future serving cell, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to a first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover; wherein the first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

[0005] In a second aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising: a processing module, configured to initiate a handover procedure to a first candidate cell, or to initiate a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that a handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in a future serving cell; wherein the first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

[0006] Thirdly, a terminal device is provided, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer programs, and the processor is used to invoke the computer programs in the memory to cause the terminal device to perform some or all of the steps in the method of the first aspect.

[0007] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system that includes the aforementioned terminal device. In another possible design, the system may further include other devices that interact with the terminal device as described in the embodiments of this application.

[0008] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps in the method described in the first aspect.

[0009] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps in the method of the first aspect described above. In some implementations, the computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a memory and a processor, the processor being able to call and run a computer program from the memory to implement some or all of the steps described in the method of the first aspect above.

[0011] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can initiate a handover process or a fast recovery process for conditional handover when the first condition is met and it is predicted that the handover triggering condition associated with a candidate cell will be met in the future. Alternatively, the terminal device can initiate a handover process or a fast recovery process for conditional handover when it is predicted that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future. This helps to avoid radio link failure and / or beam failure in the serving cell before the handover is triggered, thereby helping to ensure that the terminal device maintains a radio link connection with a cell with a better signal in a timely manner and improving the quality of wireless communication. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 is a system architecture example diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the triggering conditions for measurement events applicable to embodiments of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for wireless communication provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the input and output of the first model according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Communication system architecture

[0019] Figure 1 is a system architecture example diagram of a wireless communication system 100 to which embodiments of this application can be applied. The wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120. The network device 110 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 120. The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and may communicate with the terminal device 120 located within that coverage area.

[0020] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary network device and two terminal devices. Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple network devices, and each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices within its coverage area. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0021] Optionally, the wireless communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a network controller and a mobility management entity, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0022] It should be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: 5th generation (5G) systems or new radio (NR), long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, etc. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as 6th generation mobile communication systems, satellite communication systems, and so on.

[0023] The terminal device in this application embodiment can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal device in this application embodiment can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, and can be used to connect people, objects, and machines, such as a handheld device with wireless connectivity, vehicle-mounted device, etc. The terminal devices in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, self-driving, remote medical surgery, smart grids, transportation safety, smart cities, and smart homes, etc. Optionally, the UE can act as a base station. For example, the UE can act as a scheduling entity, providing sidelink signals between UEs in V2X or D2D, etc. For example, cellular phones and cars communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Cellular phones and smart home devices communicate without relaying communication signals through a base station.

[0024] The network device in this application embodiment can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. This network device can also be called an access network device or a wireless access network device, such as a base station. In this application embodiment, the network device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to the wireless network. A base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names including: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master MeNB, auxiliary SeNB, multi-mode radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. A base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or similar, or a combination thereof. A base station can also refer to a communication module, modem, or chip installed within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus. Base stations can also be mobile switching centers, devices that perform base station functions in device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, network-side devices in 6G networks, and devices that perform base station functions in future communication systems. Base stations can support networks using the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies or device forms used in the network equipment.

[0025] Base stations can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move depending on the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured as a device to communicate with another base station.

[0026] In some deployments, the network device in this application embodiment may refer to a CU or a DU, or the network device may include both a CU and a DU. The gNB may also include an AAU.

[0027] Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

[0028] It should be understood that all or part of the functions of the communication device in this application can also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0029] Condition switching

[0030] To reduce handover latency, some communication systems (such as NR systems) have introduced conditional handover mechanisms. Conditional handover refers to the ability of a network device to indicate a list of candidate cells and information corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the received Layer 3 measurement report to a terminal device. For example, after receiving a Layer 3 measurement report, the network device can use a handover command message to indicate a list of candidate cells and information corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the list to the terminal device.

[0031] The information corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the candidate cell list may include one or more of the following: measurement tasks and handover triggering conditions. Measurement tasks include the identifier of the measurement task, the measurement object, and measurement reporting configuration information. The measurement object can be used to indicate the frequency point being measured. The measurement reporting configuration information can be used by the terminal device to perform measurement reporting. For example, the measurement reporting configuration information can indicate the method of measurement reporting (such as periodic reporting or reporting based on measurement events). When the handover triggering condition associated with a candidate cell is met, the terminal device can initiate a handover to that candidate cell. In some embodiments, the handover triggering condition can typically be indicated by the configuration information of measurement events. For example, the handover triggering condition can be indicated by the configuration information of one or two measurement events, so that when the terminal device meets the measurement event, the terminal device initiates a handover to the corresponding candidate cell.

[0032] In some embodiments, the switching trigger condition can be indicated by the identifier of the measurement task, which is associated with measurement reporting configuration information containing configuration information of the measurement event.

[0033] Conditional switching can include two types: layer 3 conditional switching and layer 1 / layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) conditional switching.

[0034] In Layer 3 conditional handover, network devices can use measurement tasks based on Layer 3 measurement results to indicate handover triggering conditions. These measurement tasks can be configured by the network device before the handover command or within the handover command itself. The network device can configure one or two measurement task identifiers for the terminal device, using these identifiers to indicate the conditional handover triggering conditions. When the terminal device discovers a candidate cell that meets its associated conditional handover triggering conditions during the measurement process, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to that candidate cell (i.e., the terminal device starts or triggers the handover process).

[0035] In LTM conditional handover, the handover trigger condition can be either a Layer 3 measurement event or a Layer 1 measurement event. For example, in LTM conditional handover, the trigger condition can be a measurement task based on Layer 3 measurement results or a measurement task based on Layer 1 measurement results. The Layer 3 measurement task can be a measurement task configured by the network device before the handover command or a measurement task configured by the network device in the handover command. The Layer 1 measurement task can be a measurement task configured by the network device in the handover command. The measurement reporting configuration of these measurement tasks can include LTM L1 event configuration information. Thus, when a candidate cell meets the LTM L1 event, the terminal device initiates an LTM handover procedure to that candidate cell (i.e., the terminal device starts or triggers the LTM handover process). In some embodiments, before performing LTM conditional handover, the terminal device may report a measurement report to the network device to initiate the uplink pre-synchronization and transmission configuration indicator (TCI) status activation process.

[0036] Before initiating (or starting) a conditional handover, if the terminal device experiences a radio link failure or beam failure in the serving cell, it will reselect a cell (i.e., perform cell reselection). In some embodiments, if the cell selected by the terminal device happens to be an already assigned candidate cell, the terminal device will initiate a radio resource control (RRC) reconstruction process in that candidate cell to quickly restore radio connectivity with that candidate cell. This process is called the fast recovery process of conditional handover.

[0037] Radio link monitoring (RLM)

[0038] Link quality monitoring (RLM) is a method used by terminal equipment to monitor the link quality of a serving cell. The terminal equipment monitors the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of one or more reference signals specifically used for RLM, such as L1-SINR. When the SINR of all reference signals in these one or more reference signals is below a threshold (via Q...), the RLM is activated. out When the SINR of any one or more reference signals is lower than a threshold (via Q), the physical layer of the terminal device will send an "out-of-sync" indication message to the RRC layer protocol entity of the terminal device; in When an instruction is given, the physical layer of the terminal device will send an "in-sync" instruction message to the RRC layer protocol entity of the terminal device.

[0039] When the RRC layer of the terminal device receives K consecutive "asynchronization" indication messages, the terminal device starts timer T310. K is indicated by counter N310. During the execution of timer T310, if the RRC layer of the terminal device receives N consecutive "synchronization" indication messages, the terminal device stops timer T310. N is indicated by counter N311. When timer T310 expires, the terminal device considers a radio link failure to have occurred in the serving cell. In this case, the terminal device will initiate the RRC reconstruction process according to the prescribed behavior.

[0040] Beam monitoring

[0041] Beam monitoring is a method used by terminal devices to further determine whether a beam is functioning correctly. Beam monitoring is typically applied to mid-to-high frequency bands because, at these bands, communication systems usually need to focus energy using beams to extend the coverage of wireless signals. In scenarios where energy is focused using beams, the beam capability is relatively concentrated, making it more susceptible to obstruction by objects (such as fixed or moving objects) between the terminal device and network equipment, thus causing the current beam to malfunction. Therefore, communication systems (such as NR systems) can monitor for beam failures and replace the beam accordingly to avoid beam failures.

[0042] The terminal device can measure one or more reference signals used for beam monitoring according to the network device configuration. Similar to wireless link monitoring, when the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) of all reference signals in one or more reference signals used for beam monitoring, such as L1-RSRP, is below a threshold (via Q...), the measurement is performed. out，LR When a beam failure instance indication (BFID) is received, the physical layer of the terminal device sends a BFID to the medium access control (MAC) layer. Upon first receiving the BFID, the MAC layer starts a timer called beamFailureDetectionTimer. During the execution of beamFailureDetectionTimer, if the number of BFID messages received by the MAC layer exceeds the threshold specified by the parameter beamFailureInstanceMaxCount, the terminal device considers a beam failure event to have occurred.

[0043] Simultaneously, the terminal device can also measure candidate beams, where the quality of the reference signal is higher than a threshold (via Q). in，LR The beam indicated is a valid beam. When a beam failure occurs, the terminal device initiates a beam failure recovery process. For example, the terminal device can select a preamble corresponding to a synchronization signal block (SSB) associated with a valid beam to initiate a random access procedure. Alternatively, the terminal device can indicate a valid beam to the network device via the MAC control element (MAC CE). Upon receiving the specific preamble or the MAC CE indicating a valid beam from the terminal device, the network device will send a response on the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with the valid beam, thus confirming successful beam recovery.

[0044] Mobility Management

[0045] In 3GPP cellular communication systems, terminal devices need to measure the strength or quality of the radio signals in the current serving cell and neighboring cells. This information is then reported to the network equipment in the form of a measurement report, carried in an RRC message. Typically, the network equipment can make relevant handover decisions based on this information, such as cell handover or beam switching.

[0046] Based on the method of reporting measurement reports, the following three methods can be used:

[0047] 1) Periodic reporting;

[0048] 2) Based on measurement event reporting;

[0049] 3) Report based on measurement events, and continue to report periodically thereafter.

[0050] Regardless of the reporting method used, the measurement report can include specific measurement events and / or results. For example, it may include cell signal strength, such as the cell's RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Quality), measured in dBm; or it may include cell signal quality, such as the cell's Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ), measured in dB. The reported cell may include the current serving cell and / or neighboring cells. The measurement objects in the report may include frequencies from the same frequency, different frequencies, or different communication systems.

[0051] As mentioned earlier, measurement reports can be submitted based on the triggering of measurement events. The triggering of such events is described below. A measurement event trigger can include the following basic elements:

[0052] 1) Measurement results, i.e., the measurement results of the serving cell and / or neighboring cells, such as the signal strength of the cell.

[0053] 2) Compare parameters, such as threshold, hysteresis value, offset value, etc.

[0054] Typically, the dimensions of measurement results in standard protocols are such that the larger the value, the higher the signal strength or quality. Absolute comparison refers to comparing the cell's measurement value with a certain threshold. In this case, if the measurement result is greater than the sum of the threshold and the hysteresis value, it indicates that the conditions for entering the cell are met; if the measurement result is less than the difference between the threshold and the hysteresis value, it indicates that the conditions for leaving the cell are met.

[0055] Relative comparison refers to comparing the measurement results of neighboring cells with the measurement results of the serving cell. Before comparison, each cell needs to add its own relevant offset value. For the serving cell, an offset value (Off_event) related to the corresponding event also needs to be added. Finally, hysteresis (Hys) also needs to be considered during comparison. Taking event A3 as an example, the entry and exit conditions for event A3 are expressed as follows:

[0056] Entry condition: M n +Of n >M s +Of s +Hys+Off_event;

[0057] Exit condition: M n +Of n <M s +Of s -Hys+Off_event;

[0058] Among them, M n Indicates the measurement results of neighboring cells, Of n M represents the offset value related to neighboring cells. s Indicates the measurement results of the serving cell, Of s This represents the offset value related to the serving cell, Hys represents the hysteresis value, and Off_event represents the offset value related to the corresponding event.

[0059] 3) Timers that indicate the robustness of measurement results, such as time-to-trigger (TTT) timers.

[0060] When a cell meets the entry condition for a measurement event, the Time-to-Time (TTT) timer starts. If the cell continues to meet the entry condition for the measurement event until the TTT timer expires, the cell is considered to have triggered the measurement event. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the target cell meets the entry condition for the measurement event at time T0, at which point the TTT timer starts, and the TTT timer's duration is t. If the target cell continues to meet the entry condition for the measurement event from T0 to T0+t, then the target cell is considered to have triggered the measurement event.

[0061] The purpose of setting a TTT (Time To Handover) timer is primarily to avoid ping-pong handovers or handovers that are too short, i.e., when a terminal device switches from a source cell (e.g., cell A) to a target cell (e.g., cell B), and then switches back to cell A or cell C within a very short time. This happens because the signals of the serving cell and neighboring cells are constantly changing during the TTT period. If only the entry condition is relied upon, a handover is unnecessary if that condition is no longer met within a short time. Taking event A3 as an example, if the signal strength of a neighboring cell is 3 dB greater than the signal strength of the serving cell at a certain moment, this relationship may no longer be satisfied in subsequent time periods. This could be because the terminal device moves a distance towards a neighboring cell and then immediately turns back. In this example, if the terminal device hands over immediately after meeting the entry condition, it might switch back to its original serving cell within a very short time.

[0062] In other words, during the condition switching process, the terminal device needs to further decide whether to execute the switching process based on real-time measurement results and the measurement events triggered by these measurement results. However, due to the uncertainty of wireless signals, the triggering of each measurement event needs to meet the following two conditions: Condition 1: The entry condition corresponding to the measurement event is met; Condition 2: The entry condition corresponding to the measurement event is met continuously within the time specified by the configured TTT timer.

[0063] As described above, during conditional handover, the terminal device must wait until the handover trigger condition is met before initiating the handover process. If a radio link failure occurs between the terminal device and the serving cell before the handover process is initiated, the terminal device will lose this connection. In this case, the terminal device needs to perform cell selection and initiate an RRC re-establishment process with the selected cell, which is time-consuming. Furthermore, data communication between the terminal device and network equipment is interrupted during this process, resulting in a poor user experience.

[0064] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes that, during conditional handover, the terminal device can predict the measurement events indicated in the conditional handover triggering conditions, and / or predict radio link failure / beam failure. In this way, when the serving cell no longer provides a reliable radio link, the terminal device can initiate the conditional handover process or a fast recovery process in advance, thereby helping to avoid potential handover failures and ensuring that the terminal device always maintains a timely radio link connection with cells with better signal strength or quality, thus improving the quality of wireless communication.

[0065] The method embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0066] The embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios involving condition switching. For example, the embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios involving condition switching based on Layer 3 measurement events. As another example, the embodiments of this application can be applied to scenarios involving LTM condition switching.

[0067] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for wireless communication provided in an embodiment of this application. The method shown in Figure 3 can be executed by a terminal device, such as the terminal device 120 shown in Figure 1. The method shown in Figure 3 includes step S310, which will be described below.

[0068] In step S310, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell in one or more candidate cells for future condition handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for condition handover.

[0069] For example, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future handover is met, the terminal device may initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0070] For example, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell in one or more candidate cells for future handover is met, the terminal device can initiate a fast recovery process for the handover.

[0071] For example, when a terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in a future serving cell, the terminal device can initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0072] For example, when a terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, the terminal device can initiate a fast recovery process for conditional handover.

[0073] In some embodiments, the terminal device may also initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell when the first condition is met, and it is predicted that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future handover is met, and it is predicted that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future. Alternatively, the terminal device may also initiate a fast recovery procedure for the handover when the first condition is met, and it is predicted that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future handover is met, and it is predicted that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future. That is, when the first condition is met, the terminal device may initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell in advance or initiate a fast recovery procedure for the handover in advance when it is predicted that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is met, and it is predicted that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future.

[0074] It should be noted that the timing when the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover may differ from the timing when it predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell. For example, at a first moment, it may predict that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for conditional handover will be met, while at a second moment, it may predict that the terminal device will experience a radio link failure and / or beam failure in the serving cell. In this case, the terminal device may initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell or initiate a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover after the later of the first and second moments has arrived.

[0075] In some embodiments, the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is satisfied when the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is met, and the entry condition of the measurement event is met continuously for the time specified by the configured TTT timer. Taking the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell as event A3, the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is satisfied when event A3 is met, and event A3 is met continuously for the time specified by the configured TTT timer. Taking the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell as event A5, the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is satisfied when event A5 is met, and event A5 is met continuously for the time specified by the configured TTT timer. Taking the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell as LTM event 3, the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell is satisfied when LTM event 3 is met, and event LTM event 3 is met continuously for the time specified by the configured TTT timer. Taking the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell as LTM event 4 as an example, the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell being satisfied means that LTM event 4 associated with at least one candidate cell is satisfied, and LTM event 4 is satisfied for the time specified by the configured TTT timer.

[0076] During conditional handover, the terminal device can predict the measurement events indicated in the conditional handover trigger conditions, and / or predict radio link failure / beam failure. In this way, when the serving cell no longer provides a reliable radio link, the terminal device can initiate the handover procedure or a fast recovery process in advance, thereby helping to avoid potential handover failures and ensuring that the terminal device always maintains a timely radio link connection with a cell with better signal strength or quality, thus improving the quality of wireless communication.

[0077] Let's first introduce the first condition.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell. For example, the first condition is used to indicate that the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell is deteriorating. In embodiments of this application, the terminal device can observe the measurement results of one or more candidate cells for conditional handover, and can also monitor the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell. When the terminal device determines that the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell is deteriorating, the terminal device can avoid radio link failure and / or beam failure by switching to the first candidate cell in advance or initiating a fast recovery process for conditional handover in advance.

[0079] In some embodiments, the deterioration of the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell is determined by the terminal device based on actual measurement results. That is, the first condition is determined based on the signal quality and / or signal strength actually measured by the terminal device.

[0080] In some embodiments, the deterioration of the serving cell's signal quality and / or signal strength is predicted by the terminal device. That is, the first condition is determined based on the signal quality and / or signal strength predicted by the terminal device.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first condition may include one or more of the following: the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold, the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold, and a timer is running.

[0082] As an example, the first condition may include the signal quality of the serving cell being less than or equal to a first threshold.

[0083] As another example, the first condition may include the signal strength of the serving cell being less than or equal to a second threshold.

[0084] As yet another example, the first condition could include that the timer is running.

[0085] As another example, the first condition may include the serving cell's signal quality being less than or equal to a first threshold, and the serving cell's signal strength being less than or equal to a second threshold.

[0086] As yet another example, the first condition may include the serving cell's signal quality being less than or equal to a first threshold, and a timer being running.

[0087] As yet another example, the first condition could include the serving cell's signal strength being less than or equal to a second threshold, and the timer being running.

[0088] As another example, the first condition may include the serving cell's signal quality being less than or equal to a first threshold, the serving cell's signal strength being less than or equal to a second threshold, and a timer being running.

[0089] In some embodiments, whether the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold is determined by the terminal device based on actual measurement results; and / or, whether the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold is determined by the terminal device based on actual measurement results. For example, the terminal device can determine whether the radio link of the serving cell has deteriorated by measuring the SINR or RSRP of a reference signal used for radio link monitoring.

[0090] In some embodiments, whether the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold is predicted by the terminal device; and / or whether the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold is predicted by the terminal device. For example, the terminal device can use a first model to predict whether the radio link of the serving cell will deteriorate.

[0091] The embodiments of this application do not limit the first threshold. For example, the first threshold can be -20dB. Or, for example, the first threshold can be -15dB.

[0092] The embodiments of this application do not limit the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be -90dBm. Or, for example, the second threshold can be -60dBm.

[0093] In some embodiments, the timer can be used for wireless link failure detection and / or beam failure detection.

[0094] In some embodiments, the operation of a timer can be used to indicate the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell. For example, the timer being running indicates that the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell is poor. That is, when a timer used to determine radio link failure or beam failure is started, it already indicates that the radio link of the serving cell is deteriorating.

[0095] In some embodiments, the timer may include one or more of the following: a T310 timer, a beam failure detection timer. For example, the timer may be a T310 timer. Another example is that the timer may be a beam failure detection timer. Yet another example is that the timer may include both a T310 timer and a beam failure detection timer.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first condition may include other conditions besides those listed above. For example, if the first condition relates to wireless link failure detection, the first condition may be related to the RRC layer of the terminal device receiving a Q signal sent by the physical layer of the terminal device. in The number is related. For example, the first condition may include the terminal device's RRC layer receiving a Q signal sent by the terminal device's physical layer. inThe number of instances is less than or equal to the third threshold. Taking the first condition related to beam monitoring as an example, the first condition may be related to the number of "beam failure instance indications" received by the MAC layer of the terminal device from the physical layer of the terminal device. For example, the first condition may include the number of "beam failure instance indications" received by the MAC layer of the terminal device from the physical layer of the terminal device being greater than or equal to the fourth threshold.

[0097] In some embodiments, the third threshold is less than the threshold indicated by counter N311.

[0098] In some embodiments, the fourth threshold is less than the threshold indicated by the parameter beamFailureInstanceMaxCount.

[0099] Regarding Q in For an introduction to this, please refer to the "Wireless Link Monitoring" section above; it will not be repeated here. For an introduction to "Beam Failure Instance Indicator" and the parameter beamFailureInstanceMaxCount, please refer to the "Beam Monitoring" section above; it will not be repeated here.

[0100] In some embodiments, when the first condition relates to radio link monitoring, the first condition may include one or more of the following: the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold, the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold, the T310 timer is running, the T310 timer is running, and the RRC layer of the terminal device receives the Q from the physical layer. in The number of values ​​is less than or equal to the third threshold (the third threshold is less than the threshold indicated by N311).

[0101] In some embodiments, when the first condition is related to beam monitoring, the first condition may include one or more of the following: the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold, the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold, the beam failure detection timer is running, the beam failure detection timer is running and the number of "beam failure instance indications" received by the MAC layer of the terminal device from the physical layer is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold (the fourth threshold is less than the threshold indicated by the parameter beamFailureInstanceMaxCount).

[0102] This application does not limit the method of indicating the signal quality of the serving cell. Exemplarily, the signal quality of the serving cell can be indicated by one or more of the following: the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell, or the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell. For example, the signal quality of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell. Or, for example, the signal quality of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell. Or, for example, the signal quality of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell and the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam.

[0103] This application does not limit the method of indicating the signal strength of the serving cell in its embodiments. Exemplarily, the signal strength of the serving cell can be indicated by one or more of the following: the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell, or the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell. For example, the signal strength of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell. As another example, the signal strength of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell. As yet another example, the signal strength of the serving cell can be indicated by the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell and the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam.

[0104] In some embodiments, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future condition handover is met, the terminal device may immediately initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or immediately initiate a fast recovery procedure for condition handover.

[0105] In some embodiments, when the terminal device anticipates that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, it may immediately initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or immediately initiate a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover.

[0106] In some embodiments, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future condition handover is met, the terminal device may wait for a period of time before initiating a handover process to the first candidate cell, or wait for a period of time before initiating a fast recovery process for condition handover.

[0107] In some embodiments, when a terminal device anticipates a future radio link failure and / or beam failure in the serving cell, it may wait for a period of time before initiating a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or wait for a period of time before initiating a rapid recovery procedure for conditional handover.

[0108] This application does not limit the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell. For example, the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell may include one of the following: primary cell handover, or primary-secondary cell handover. That is, this application can be used for both primary cell handover and primary-secondary cell handover scenarios.

[0109] In some embodiments, the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell is a one-time handover. That is, the conditional handover in the embodiments of this application is a one-time handover. A one-time handover means that the terminal device releases the conditional handover configuration after completing the conditional handover.

[0110] In some embodiments, the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell is a sequential (or continuous, sub-sequent) cell handover. That is, the conditional handover in this embodiment is a sequential handover. A sequential handover means that after completing the conditional handover, the terminal device retains all conditional handover configurations and performs another handover when the handover triggering conditions are met again.

[0111] In some embodiments, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell or initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover based on certain conditions. For example, if at least one candidate cell in one or more conditional handover candidate cells meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell; and / or, if the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition is not met in all one or more conditional handover candidate cells, the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover.

[0112] In some embodiments, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell in one or more candidate cells for future condition handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in a future serving cell, if no candidate cell has yet met the entry condition for the measurement event, the terminal device initiates a fast recovery process for condition handover.

[0113] In some embodiments, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future condition handover is associated with a handover triggering condition, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, if at least one candidate cell meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device may select a first candidate cell from the at least one candidate cell and initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0114] For example, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells for future conditional handover is associated with a handover triggering condition, if at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells for conditional handover meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device can determine a first candidate cell from the at least one candidate cell and initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell. As another example, when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, if at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells for conditional handover meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device can determine a first candidate cell from the at least one candidate cell and initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first candidate cell belongs to one or more candidate cells in a conditional handover that meets the entry condition for the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition. For example, the first candidate cell meets the entry condition for the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell in one or more conditional handover candidate cells will meet its associated handover triggering condition. As another example, the first candidate cell meets the entry condition for the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the serving cell in the future. As an example, one or more candidate cells for conditional handover include candidate cell A, candidate cell B, and candidate cell C. When a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future conditional handover is met, if candidate cell A meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, candidate cell C meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, while candidate cell B does not meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, then the first candidate cell belongs to one of candidate cell A and candidate cell B.

[0116] In some embodiments, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells for future condition handover is associated with a handover triggering condition, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure will occur in the serving cell in the future, if only one candidate cell meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device determines that candidate cell as the first candidate cell and initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0117] In some embodiments, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future condition handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure will occur in the future serving cell, if multiple candidate cells meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their associated handover trigger conditions, the terminal device may select one candidate cell from the multiple candidate cells as the first candidate cell and initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell.

[0118] In some embodiments, the determination of the first candidate cell is related to one or more of the following: the time when the first candidate cell satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition, the signal quality of the first candidate cell, the signal strength of the first candidate cell, and the duration for which the first candidate cell satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first candidate cell may satisfy one or more of the following conditions: the first candidate cell is the first to satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell; the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among the candidate cells with handover conditions; the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among the candidate cells with handover conditions; the duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest; and the ratio of the remaining time of the first candidate cell from satisfying the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

[0120] As an example, the first candidate cell is the one that first satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover trigger condition. For instance, in a scenario where only one candidate cell satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover trigger condition, or in a scenario where multiple candidate cells satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their associated handover trigger conditions, the terminal device can select the candidate cell that first satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in its associated handover trigger condition as the first candidate cell. Assuming that when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells undergoing a future handover condition will satisfy its associated handover trigger condition, both candidate cell A and candidate cell B satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover trigger conditions, and candidate cell A satisfies its associated entry condition earlier than candidate cell B, then the terminal device can determine that the first candidate cell is candidate cell A.

[0121] As another example, the first candidate cell has the best signal quality among one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover. For instance, in a scenario where multiple candidate cells meet the entry conditions for the measurement event indicated in their associated handover trigger conditions, the terminal device can select the candidate cell with the best signal quality as the first candidate cell; that is, the terminal device selects the candidate cell with the best current signal quality as the first candidate cell. Assuming that when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells undergoing conditional handover will meet its associated handover trigger conditions in the future, both candidate cell A and candidate cell B meet the entry conditions for the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover trigger conditions, and candidate cell A has the best signal quality among one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover, then the terminal device can determine candidate cell A as the first candidate cell.

[0122] As another example, the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover. For instance, in a scenario where multiple candidate cells meet the entry conditions for the measurement event indicated in their associated handover trigger conditions, the terminal device can select the candidate cell with the highest signal strength as the first candidate cell; that is, the terminal device selects the candidate cell with the highest current signal strength as the first candidate cell. Assuming that when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells undergoing conditional handover will meet its associated handover trigger conditions in the future, both candidate cell A and candidate cell B meet the entry conditions for the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover trigger conditions, and the signal strength of candidate cell A is the highest among one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover, then the terminal device can determine candidate cell A as the first candidate cell.

[0123] As another example, the duration of the measurement event entry condition indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest. That is, the first candidate cell will be the first to satisfy its associated handover triggering condition. For example, when the first condition is satisfied and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells undergoing future handover conditions will satisfy its associated handover triggering condition, if both candidate cell A and candidate cell B satisfy the measurement event entry condition indicated in their respective associated handover triggering conditions, and the duration of the measurement event entry condition associated with candidate cell A is 2 seconds away from the first duration threshold, and the duration of the measurement event entry condition associated with candidate cell B is 5 seconds away from the first duration threshold, then the terminal device determines candidate cell A as the first candidate cell.

[0124] As another example, the ratio of the remaining time of the first candidate cell from satisfying the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest. For example, when the first condition is satisfied and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future handover condition is satisfied, both candidate cell A and candidate cell B satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover triggering conditions. The remaining time of the entry condition of the measurement event associated with candidate cell A is 1 second, and the first duration threshold corresponding to candidate cell A is 6 seconds. The remaining time of the entry condition of the measurement event associated with candidate cell B is 1 second, and the first duration threshold corresponding to candidate cell B is 3 seconds. Then, the terminal device determines candidate cell A as the first candidate cell.

[0125] As another example, the first candidate cell can be the first to meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell, and the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among one or more candidate cells with conditional handover.

[0126] As another example, the first candidate cell can be the first to meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell, and the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among one or more candidate cells with handover conditions.

[0127] As another example, the first candidate cell can be the first to meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell, and the duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell can reach the first duration threshold earliest.

[0128] As another example, the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among one or more candidate cells with conditional handover, and the duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest.

[0129] As another example, the first candidate cell has the best signal quality among one or more candidate cells with handover conditions, the duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest, and the ratio of the remaining duration of the first candidate cell from satisfying the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

[0130] As another example, the first candidate cell can be the first to meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell, the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among one or more candidate cells with conditional handover, and the ratio of the remaining time of the first candidate cell from meeting the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

[0131] As another example, the first candidate cell can be the first to meet the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition associated with the first candidate cell, the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among one or more candidate cells with handover conditions, the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among one or more candidate cells with handover conditions, and the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among one or more candidate cells with handover conditions.

[0132] It should be noted that the above examples are merely illustrations. The first candidate cell can satisfy any one or more of the above conditions, but for the sake of brevity, they will not be listed here.

[0133] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the signal quality of the first candidate cell among one or more candidate cells in conditional handover is best when the terminal device is about to initiate the handover process, or in other words, when the terminal device is about to initiate the handover process, the signal quality of the first candidate cell is currently best among one or more candidate cells in conditional handover.

[0134] In some embodiments, the signal quality of the first candidate cell among one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover preferably means that the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among the candidate cells that satisfy the associated handover triggering condition in the one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover. For example, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell among the one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover is met in the future, if candidate cell A, candidate cell B, and candidate cell C all satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover triggering conditions, and the signal quality of candidate cell A is better than the signal quality of candidate cell B and candidate cell C, then the terminal device can determine the first candidate cell as candidate cell A.

[0135] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the highest signal strength of the first candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for conditional handover means that when the terminal device is about to initiate the handover process, the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among one or more candidate cells for conditional handover, or in other words, when the terminal device is about to initiate the handover process, the signal strength of the first candidate cell is currently the highest among one or more candidate cells for conditional handover.

[0136] In some embodiments, "the first candidate cell has the highest signal strength among one or more candidate cells in a conditional handover" means that the first candidate cell has the highest signal strength among the candidate cells in the one or more conditional handover candidate cells that satisfy the associated handover triggering condition. For example, when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell in one or more conditional handover candidate cells will satisfy the associated handover triggering condition in the future, if candidate cell A, candidate cell B, and candidate cell C all satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in their respective associated handover triggering conditions, and the signal strength of candidate cell A is higher than the signal strength of candidate cell B and candidate cell C, then the terminal device can determine the first candidate cell as candidate cell A.

[0137] This application does not limit the method of indicating the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell. Exemplarily, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by one or more of the following: the layer 1 measurement result of the best beam in the first candidate cell, the cell-level layer 1 measurement result of the first candidate cell, and the cell-level layer 3 measurement result of the first candidate cell.

[0138] As an example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the layer 1 measurement results of the best beam in the first candidate cell.

[0139] As another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the cell-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

[0140] As yet another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the cell-level layer 3 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

[0141] As yet another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the layer 1 measurement of the best beam in the first candidate cell and the cell-level layer 1 measurement of the first candidate cell.

[0142] As yet another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the layer 1 measurement of the best beam in the first candidate cell and the cell-level layer 3 measurement of the first candidate cell.

[0143] As yet another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by cell-level layer 1 measurements and cell-level layer 3 measurements of the first candidate cell.

[0144] As yet another example, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the layer 1 measurement of the best beam in the first candidate cell, the cell-level layer 1 measurement of the first candidate cell, and the cell-level layer 3 measurement of the first candidate cell.

[0145] In some embodiments, if the conditional handover is LTM conditional handover, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell can be indicated by the layer 1 measurement results of the best beam in the first candidate cell and / or the cell-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

[0146] In some embodiments, the cell-level layer 1 measurement result of the first candidate cell refers to the result obtained by merging the beam-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

[0147] This application does not limit the measurement quantity corresponding to the measurement result (such as the layer 1 measurement result, the layer 3 measurement result). For example, the measurement quantity corresponding to the measurement result may include one or more of the following: reference signal receiving power (RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ), and signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR).

[0148] The aforementioned first duration threshold is used to indicate the duration for which the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with a candidate cell needs to be satisfied if the handover triggering condition associated with that candidate cell is satisfied. In other words, the first duration threshold can be used to indicate how long it needs to remain after the entry condition of the measurement event associated with a candidate cell is satisfied before it is considered that the handover triggering condition associated with that candidate cell is satisfied.

[0149] In some embodiments, the aforementioned first duration threshold can be indicated by a TTT timer.

[0150] In some embodiments, the earliest duration of the measurement event entry condition indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaching the first duration threshold can also be understood or replaced as the earliest timeout of the TTT timer corresponding to the first candidate cell, or the closest timeout of the TTT timer corresponding to the first candidate cell.

[0151] In some embodiments, the minimum ratio of the remaining duration of the measurement event entry condition indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold can also be understood or replaced as the minimum proportion of the remaining time of the TTT timer corresponding to the first candidate cell to the TTT timer.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first duration threshold corresponding to different measurement events may be the same.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first duration threshold may be different for different measurement events.

[0154] In some embodiments, the first duration thresholds for different candidate cells may be the same.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first duration threshold may be different for different candidate cells.

[0156] In some embodiments, one or more of the following conditions are predicted by a first model: at least one candidate cell among the candidate cells for future conditional handover is satisfied, a radio link failure occurs in the future serving cell, a beam failure occurs in the future serving cell, or a first condition is satisfied. The first model is described below.

[0157] For example, the first model can be used to predict that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover will be associated with a handover triggering condition that is met.

[0158] For example, the first model can be used to predict radio link failures in future serving cells.

[0159] For example, the first model can be used to predict beam failures in future serving cells.

[0160] For example, the first model can be used to predict whether the first condition will be met in the future. For instance, the first model can predict whether the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold, or whether the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold.

[0161] In some embodiments, where the first model can be used to predict that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover is associated with a handover triggering condition, the input of the first model may include one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results; the output of the first model may include one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results, and relevant information about the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell.

[0162] As an example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results (such as beam-level layer 1 measurement results), and the output of the first model may include layer 1 measurement results (such as beam-level layer 1 measurement results or cell-level beam measurement results).

[0163] As another example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results (such as layer 1 measurement results at the beam level), and the output of the first model may include layer 3 measurement results.

[0164] As yet another example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results (such as beam-level layer 1 measurement results), and the output of the first model may include relevant information about measurement events indicated in at least one handover trigger event associated with a candidate cell.

[0165] As yet another example, the input to the first model may include cell-level layer 3 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include layer 3 measurement results.

[0166] As another example, the input to the first model may include cell-level Layer 3 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include relevant information about measurement events indicated in at least one handover trigger event associated with a candidate cell.

[0167] As another example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results (such as beam-level layer 1 measurement results), and the output of the first model may include layer 1 measurement results and related information of measurement events indicated in handover trigger events associated with at least one candidate cell.

[0168] It should be noted that the above examples are merely illustrations, and the input and output of the first model can include any combination of the above. For the sake of brevity, they will not be listed here.

[0169] In some embodiments, Layer 1 measurement results may include beam-level Layer 1 measurement results. In some embodiments, Layer 1 measurement results may include cell-level Layer 1 measurement results. That is, Layer 1 measurement results refer to the signal strength (i.e., RSRP) or signal quality (i.e., RSRQ) of the reference signal. Whether the Layer 1 measurement results are filtered by Layer 1, and how they are filtered, is not the focus of this application embodiment.

[0170] In some embodiments, the Layer 1 measurement results included in the input of the first model may include beam-level Layer 1 measurement results. Compared to using cell-level Layer 1 measurement results as the input of the first model, using beam-level Layer 1 measurement results as the input of the first model helps reduce the processing complexity of the terminal device. This is because if cell-level Layer 1 measurement results are used as the input of the first model, the terminal device needs to filter the measurement results obtained from the measured beam to obtain cell-level Layer 1 measurement results, and then use those cell-level Layer 1 measurement results as the input of the first model.

[0171] This application does not limit the information related to the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell. Exemplarily, the information related to the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell may include one or more of the following: the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell, and the time or time window in which the measurement event occurs.

[0172] In some embodiments, for Layer 1 measurement results, the output beam of the first model may include some or all of the input beams, or the input beams of the first model may include some or all of the output beams. For example, using historical Layer 1 measurement results of beams, future Layer 1 measurement results for the same beams can be predicted. In this case, the output beam is the same as the input beam, or in other words, the output beam is the entire set of input beams. Another example is that the output beams are the top K beams of the input beams with the best Layer 1 measurement results. In this case, the output beam is a subset of the input beams. Yet another example is that using Layer 1 measurement results of a portion of the beams, the Layer 1 measurement results for all beams can be predicted. In this case, the input beams are a subset of the output beams.

[0173] As an example, the first model shown in Figure 4, taking the prediction of Layer 1 measurement results as an example, has inputs and outputs from a set of beams from the same cell (e.g., cell A). At the output port of the first model, the output beams have a specific order, thus determining the correspondence between the predicted Layer 1 measurement results and the Layer 1 beams. For the prediction of serving beams and candidate cell beams, the output of the first model can also be a subset of the input beams, i.e., the output beams are the top K beams from the input beams determined based on the predicted Layer 1 measurement results. In the case of outputting K beams, the first model can output the index information of these K beams.

[0174] In some embodiments, the input and / or output of the first model may include measurement results of the serving beam of the serving cell. For example, the input of the first model may include Layer 1 measurement results of the serving beam, and the output of the first model may include Layer 1 measurement results of the serving beam. As another example, the input of the first model may include Layer 1 measurement results of the serving beam, and the output of the first model may include cell-level Layer 1 measurement results of the serving cell. As yet another example, the input of the first model may include Layer 1 measurement results of the serving beam, and the output of the first model may include Layer 3 measurement results of the serving cell. As yet another example, the input of the first model may include Layer 1 measurement results of the serving beam, and the output of the first model may include relevant information about measurement events indicated in a handover trigger event associated with at least one candidate cell.

[0175] In some embodiments, the serving beam includes a beam associated with a first reference signal contained in the TCI state currently used by the terminal device; and / or a second reference signal having a QCL relationship with the first reference signal. Specifically, the network device can configure a list of TCI states via RRC messages, where each TCI state can include one or two reference signals. When the terminal device uses a certain TCI state to transmit or receive on a certain physical channel, it needs to refer to the QCL position characteristics of the reference signal in that TCI state between the physical channel and the time domain, frequency domain, or spatial domain to complete the operation. Then, the network device activates some of the TCI states (e.g., up to 8 TCI states) via, for example, MAC CE signaling. Finally, during each dynamic scheduling, the network device indicates which TCI state among the activated TCI states to use via downlink signaling at the physical layer, such as downlink control information (DCI). If a beam is a reference signal within the TCI state indicated in the DCI, or has a QCL relationship with a reference signal within the indicated TCI state, then such a beam may be called the serving beam.

[0176] When the first model is used to predict the serving beam, the input and output of the first model refer to those beams that may become serving beams (hereinafter referred to as candidate serving beams), that is, the reference signals included in the currently activated TCI states or the beams that have a QCL relationship with these reference signals.

[0177] In some embodiments, the inputs and / or outputs of the first model may include layer 1 and / or layer 3 measurement results of one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams. These one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams can be used by the terminal device to measure the one or more conditionally switched candidate cells. For example, when the first model is used to predict candidate cell beams, the inputs and / or outputs of the first model may include layer 1 measurement results of one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams.

[0178] When the first model is used to predict candidate cell beams, its output refers to the set of reference signals configured by the network device for Layer 1 measurements of the candidate cells via, for example, RRC messages. In each measurement task, the measurement object may include one or more reference signals from one or more candidate cells. If the prediction occurs within the same frequency layer, the input beam of the first model can be the entire set or a subset of the output beams. If the prediction occurs between different frequency layers, the input beam of the first model may include relevant beams from related cells at other frequencies. These relevant beams refer to the beams of cells that are frequency-domain correlated with the beam of the candidate cell being predicted, such as cells with the same or similar beam transmission patterns on the same site and / or in the same sector, and the beams of those cells.

[0179] In some embodiments, for Layer 3 measurement results, the output cells of the first model may include some or all of the input cells, or the input cells of the first model may include some or all of the output cells. For example, using historical Layer 3 measurement results of cells, future Layer 3 measurement results of the same cells can be predicted. In this case, the output cells are the same as the input cells, or in other words, the output cells are the entire set of input cells. Another example is that the output cells are the K best (top K) cells among the input cells in terms of Layer 3 measurement results. In this case, the output cells are a subset of the input cells. Yet another example is that using the Layer 3 measurement results of some cells, the Layer 3 measurement results of all cells can be predicted. In this case, the input cells are a subset of the output cells.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first model can be used to predict whether a radio link failure event will occur in the serving cell in the future and / or whether a beam failure event will occur in the serving cell in the future. In this scenario, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results; the output of the first model may include one or more of the following: beam-level layer 1 measurement results, a radio link failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window, or a beam failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window.

[0181] As an example, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results.

[0182] As another example, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include a radio link failure event that occurs in the serving cell at a certain moment or within a time window.

[0183] As yet another example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results at the beam level, and the output of the first model may include a beam failure event that occurs in the serving cell at a certain moment or within a time window.

[0184] As another example, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results and a radio link failure event that occurs in the serving cell at a certain moment or time window.

[0185] As another example, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results and a beam failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain moment or time window.

[0186] As another example, the input to the first model may include layer 1 measurement results at the beam level, and the output of the first model may include a radio link failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window, and a beam failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window.

[0187] As another example, the input to the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, and the output of the first model may include beam-level layer 1 measurement results, a radio link failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window, and a beam failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window.

[0188] This application does not limit the unit of the predicted time or time window in its embodiments. Exemplarily, the predicted time or time window may include one or more of the following: seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, frames, subframes, and time slots.

[0189] In some embodiments, to evaluate the performance of the first model, it is necessary to introduce metrics for monitoring the performance of the first model, such as key performance indicators (KPIs), to facilitate quantitative evaluation of the first model. In some implementations, the performance metrics of the first model may include one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement error, Layer 3 measurement error, and optimal beam prediction accuracy. The Layer 1 measurement error can be determined based on the difference between the predicted and actual values ​​of the Layer 1 measurement results. The Layer 3 measurement error can be determined based on the difference between the predicted and actual values ​​of the Layer 3 measurement results. The optimal beam prediction accuracy can be determined based on the probability of the actual optimal beam being located among the predicted K optimal beams, where K is a positive integer.

[0190] In some embodiments, where the model is running, such as inside a terminal device, the terminal device needs to acquire the actual measurement result (or true measurement result) of the beam (or reference signal) corresponding to the Layer 1 measurement result output by the first model at the predicted measurement time. Based on this, it introduces metrics such as Layer 1 measurement error and optimal beam prediction accuracy for monitoring the first model. For example, Layer 1 measurement error refers to the mathematical average of the absolute difference between the L1 measurement result predicted by the reference signal (denoted as RS_n) at the measurement time (denoted as t_m) and its corresponding true measurement result in the spatial domain (i.e., n>=1) and / or the time domain (i.e., m>=1). As another example, optimal beam prediction accuracy refers to the probability (or proportion) that, at a certain measurement time, the actual optimal beam (i.e., the optimal beam obtained based on the true measurement result) belongs to one of the predicted K optimal beams (i.e., the K optimal beams determined based on the predicted L1 measurement results), where K≥1. As an example, K=1 means that the one best beam predicted is the actual best beam; K=2 means that one of the two best beams predicted is the actual best beam; K=3 means that one of the three best beams predicted is the actual best beam; and so on for other values ​​of K.

[0191] In some embodiments, where the model is running, such as inside the terminal device, the terminal device needs to obtain the actual measurement results (or real measurement results) of the cell corresponding to the Layer 3 measurement results output by the first model at the predicted measurement time, and introduce indicators such as Layer 3 measurement error for monitoring the first model.

[0192] In some embodiments, the prediction method of the first model may include one or more of time-domain prediction, spatial-domain prediction, and frequency-domain prediction. Specifically, time-domain prediction is used to predict layer 1 and / or layer 3 measurement results within a prediction window based on layer 1 and / or layer 3 measurement results within the observation window. Spatial-domain prediction is used to predict layer 1 measurement results of other beams within the same beam set at the same measurement time based on layer 1 measurement results of a subset of beams. Frequency-domain prediction is used to predict layer 1 measurement results of beams in a second cell based on layer 1 measurement results of beams in a first cell, or frequency-domain prediction is used to predict layer 3 measurement results of a second cell based on layer 3 measurement results of the first cell, wherein the second cell is a related cell located at a different frequency point from the first cell.

[0193] The time-domain prediction methods can include, for example, time-domain prediction method 1 and time-domain prediction method 2. These two time-domain prediction methods are described below.

[0194] Temporal prediction method 1 refers to using a first model to derive future measurement results within a prediction window (PW) based on historical measurement results within the observation window (OW). Here, the measurement results in the observation window are all actual measurements. After obtaining N more actual measurement results, both the observation window and the prediction window are shifted forward by N measurement results. The purpose of temporal prediction method 1 is to use the actual measurement results within the observation window to predict future measurement results as far as possible within the prediction window.

[0195] Time-domain prediction method 2: This method uses the same observation and prediction windows as method 1. The difference is that only some measurement times within the observation window represent the actual L1 measurement results. Measurement times without actual L1 measurement results in the observation window correspond to previously predicted L1 measurement results. The main purpose of time-domain prediction method 2 is to reduce the measurement burden.

[0196] Spatial prediction refers to using the actual L1 measurement results of a portion of the input beams to obtain the L1 measurement results of the remaining beams within the same beam set at the same measurement time, thereby obtaining the L1 measurement results of all beams within that beam set. The main purpose of spatial prediction is also to reduce the measurement burden. For example, the L1 measurement results of 4 beams within a certain beam set can be used to predict the L1 measurement results of another 4 beams within that beam set at the same measurement time, thereby obtaining the L1 measurement results of all 8 beams within that beam set; or, for another example, the L1 measurement results of 8 beams within a certain beam set can be used to predict the L1 measurement results of another 24 beams within that beam set at the same measurement time, thereby obtaining the L1 measurement results of all 32 beams within that beam set.

[0197] In some embodiments, the prediction method of the first model may include indirect prediction and / or direct prediction.

[0198] In some embodiments, when the first model is used to predict relevant information of measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with at least one candidate cell, the prediction method of the first model may include indirect prediction and / or direct measurement. Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain time or within a certain time window based on actual measurements and / or predicted measurement results (Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results), and configuration parameters of the measurement event. Direct prediction is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain time or within a certain time window based on actual measurements of Layer 1 and / or Layer 3 measurement results (such as the actual measurements of Layer 1 and / or Layer 3 measurement results in the input of the first model). In some embodiments, when the first model is used to predict radio link failure events and / or beam failure events, the prediction method of the first model may include indirect prediction and / or direct measurement. Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of radio link failure events and / or beam failure events at a certain time or within a certain time window based on actual measurements and / or predicted Layer 1 measurement results, and configuration parameters of radio link failure events and / or the beam failure events. Direct predictions are used for beam-level Layer 1 measurements to predict when a wireless link failure event and / or beam failure event will be triggered at a certain moment or within a time window.

[0199] In some embodiments, the layer 1 measurement results and / or layer 3 measurement results obtained from the actual measurements described above are measurement results from the input of the first model. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. For example, the layer 1 measurement results and / or layer 3 measurement results obtained from the actual measurements described above may include measurement results from inputs other than those of the first model.

[0200] For indirect prediction methods, firstly, the aforementioned time-domain prediction method can be used to predict the measurement results (Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results); secondly, the predicted measurement results and / or actual measurement results are input to a post-processing node for processing. This post-processing node evaluates whether a measurement event will be triggered at a certain time or within a certain time window based on the configuration parameters of measurement events associated with at least one candidate cell; or, the post-processing node evaluates whether a radio link failure event and / or beam failure event will be triggered at a certain time or within a certain time window based on the configuration parameters of radio link failure events and / or beam failure events.

[0201] In some embodiments, configuration parameters of a measurement event can be used to determine the switching triggering conditions associated with the measurement event (i.e., the entry conditions of the measurement event and the TTT duration required for the entry conditions to continue).

[0202] In some embodiments, configuration parameters for wireless link failure events and / or beam failure events can be used to determine whether a wireless link failure event and / or beam failure event has occurred. This application embodiment does not limit the configuration parameters for wireless link failure events and / or beam failure events. Exemplarily, the configuration parameters for wireless link failure events and / or beam failure events may include one or more of the following: a first duration threshold (i.e., the timing duration of the timer), a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, and a fourth threshold. For a detailed description of the first duration threshold, the first threshold, the second threshold, the third threshold, and the fourth threshold, please refer to the above text; it will not be repeated here.

[0203] For the direct prediction method, the actual measurement results (Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results) involved in the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with at least one candidate cell can be used as the input of the first model to predict the probability of triggering the measurement event at a certain moment or within a certain time window; or, the actual measurement results (Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results) involved in the radio link failure event and / or beam failure event can be used as the input of the first model to predict the probability of triggering the radio link failure event and / or beam failure event at a certain moment or within a certain time window.

[0204] This application does not limit the measurement events. In some embodiments, the measurement event may include an LTM event. In some embodiments, the measurement event may include a measurement event defined based on the layer 3 measurement results. In some embodiments, the measurement event may include both an LTM event and a measurement event defined based on the layer 3 measurement results.

[0205] This application does not limit the LTM event. For example, the LTM event may include one or more of the following: LTM event 2, LTM event 3, LTM event 4, and LTM event 5.

[0206] LTM event 2 refers to a beam change in the serving cell that is worse than an absolute threshold.

[0207] LTM event 3 refers to the change in beam offset of a candidate cell to a beam offset that is superior to that of the serving cell.

[0208] LTM event 4 refers to a candidate cell whose beam change is better than an absolute threshold.

[0209] LTM event 5 refers to a situation where the serving cell's beam change is worse than one absolute threshold (e.g., d1), and the candidate cell's beam change is better than another absolute threshold (e.g., d2).

[0210] This application does not limit the measurement events defined based on Layer 3 measurement results. Exemplarily, measurement events defined based on Layer 3 measurement results may include one or more of the following: A2 event, A3 event, A4 event, A5 event, and A6 event.

[0211] An A2 event refers to a situation where the signal quality of the serving cell is worse than an absolute threshold.

[0212] An A3 event refers to a situation where the signal quality of a candidate cell is superior to that of the serving cell by a relative offset.

[0213] An A4 event refers to a candidate cell whose signal quality is better than an absolute threshold.

[0214] An A5 event occurs when the signal quality of the serving cell is worse than one absolute threshold, while the signal quality of the candidate cell is better than another absolute threshold.

[0215] An A6 event refers to a situation where the signal quality of a candidate cell is superior to that of a secondary cell by a relative offset.

[0216] It should be noted that some measurement events may only require measurement results for a single cell. For example, for LTM event 2 mentioned above, only Layer 1 measurement results for the candidate serving beam are needed. Similarly, for LTM event 4 mentioned above, only Layer 1 measurement results for the candidate cell beam are needed. For event A2 mentioned above, only Layer 3 measurement results for the serving cell are needed. For event A4 mentioned above, only Layer 3 measurement results for the candidate cell are needed. Some measurement events require measurement results for both the candidate cell and the serving cell. For example, for LTM events 3 and 5 mentioned above, Layer 1 measurement results for both the candidate serving beam and the candidate cell beam are needed. Similarly, for events A3 and A5 mentioned above, Layer 3 measurement results for both the candidate cell and the serving cell are needed.

[0217] It should also be noted that the "candidate cell" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can also be understood or replaced with "neighboring cell".

[0218] In this embodiment of the application, the beam and the reference signal can be used interchangeably. That is, a beam can be characterized by a reference signal, which includes, but is not limited to, SSB or channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0219] In this embodiment of the application, the measurement timing refers to the moment (or point in time) when the terminal device obtains the layer 1 measurement result or the moment when it obtains the layer 3 measurement result.

[0220] The method embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 1 to 4. The apparatus embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 5 and 6. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the apparatus embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the preceding method embodiments.

[0221] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of this application. The terminal device 500 shown in Figure 5 may include a processing module 510. The processing module 510 may be used to initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or to initiate a fast recovery procedure for the conditional handover, when a first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future conditional handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the future serving cell; wherein, the first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first condition includes one or more of the following: the signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold; the signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to a second threshold; a timer is running, wherein the timer is used for radio link failure detection and / or beam failure detection.

[0223] In some embodiments, the timer includes one or more of the following: a T310 timer, a beam failure detection timer.

[0224] In some embodiments, the signal quality of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; the signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell; and the signal strength of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; and the signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell.

[0225] In some embodiments, one or more of the following conditions are predicted by a first model: at least one candidate cell associated with a predicted future conditional handover is satisfied, a predicted future radio link failure is predicted, and a predicted future beam failure is predicted.

[0226] In some embodiments, the first model is used to predict that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover will be associated with a handover triggering condition. The input of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results; the output of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results, and relevant information of the measurement events indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the at least one candidate cell.

[0227] In some embodiments, the first model is used to predict relevant information of measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with the at least one candidate cell. The prediction method of the first model includes one or more of the following: indirect prediction, which is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain time or within a time window based on actual measurement and / or predicted Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results, and configuration parameters of the measurement event; and direct prediction, which is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain time or within a time window based on actual measurement Layer 1 measurement results and / or Layer 3 measurement results.

[0228] In some embodiments, the measurement events include LTM events and / or measurement events defined based on layer 3 measurement results.

[0229] In some embodiments, the input and / or output of the first model includes measurement results of the serving beam of the serving cell, the serving beam including a beam associated with the following reference signals: a first reference signal contained in the TCI state currently used by the terminal device; and a second reference signal having a quasi-co-location relationship with the first reference signal.

[0230] In some embodiments, the input and / or output of the first model includes layer 1 measurement results and / or layer 3 measurement results of one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams, which are used by the terminal device to measure the one or more conditionally switched candidate cells.

[0231] In some embodiments, the first model is used to predict that a radio link failure event will occur in the serving cell in the future and / or that a beam failure event will occur in the serving cell in the future. The input of the first model includes: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level. The output of the first model includes one or more of the following: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level, a radio link failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window, or a beam failure event occurring in the serving cell at a certain time or within a time window.

[0232] In some embodiments, the first model is used to predict the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event. The prediction method of the first model includes: indirect prediction, which is used to predict the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain time or time window based on the actual measurement and / or predicted layer 1 measurement results of the beam level, and the configuration parameters of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event; and direct prediction, which is used to predict the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain time or time window based on the actual measurement layer 1 measurement results of the beam level.

[0233] In some embodiments, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to a first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover, including: if at least one of the one or more candidate cells for conditional handover meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell; and / or if the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition is not met for all candidate cells in the one or more candidate cells for conditional handover, the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first candidate cell satisfies one or more of the following conditions: the first candidate cell is the first to satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell; the signal quality of the first candidate cell is the best among the one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover; the signal strength of the first candidate cell is the highest among the one or more candidate cells undergoing conditional handover; the duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches a first duration threshold earliest; and the ratio of the remaining time before the first candidate cell satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

[0235] In some embodiments, the signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell are indicated by one or more of the following: layer 1 measurement results of the best beam in the first candidate cell; cell-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell; cell-level layer 3 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

[0236] In some embodiments, the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell includes one of the following: primary cell handover, primary-secondary cell handover.

[0237] In some embodiments, the handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell is a continuous cell handover.

[0238] In some embodiments, the processing module 510 may be a processor 610. The terminal device 500 may also include a memory 620 and a transceiver 630, as shown in FIG6.

[0239] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of this application. The dashed lines in Figure 6 indicate that the unit or module is optional. This device 600 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. Device 600 can be a chip, a terminal device, or a network device.

[0240] Apparatus 600 may include one or more processors 610. The processor 610 may support apparatus 600 in implementing the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The processor 610 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0241] The apparatus 600 may further include one or more memories 620. The memories 620 store a program that can be executed by the processor 610, causing the processor 610 to perform the methods described in the preceding method embodiments. The memories 620 may be independent of the processor 610 or integrated within the processor 610.

[0242] The device 600 may also include a transceiver 630. The processor 610 can communicate with other devices or chips via the transceiver 630. For example, the processor 610 can send and receive data with other devices or chips via the transceiver 630.

[0243] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a program. This computer-readable storage medium can be applied to a terminal device or network device provided in this application embodiment, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal device or network device in the various embodiments of this application.

[0244] This application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a program. This computer program product can be applied to a terminal device or network device provided in the embodiments of this application, and the program causes a computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal device or network device in the various embodiments of this application.

[0245] This application also provides a computer program. This computer program can be applied to the terminal device or network device provided in this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the methods performed by the terminal device or network device in various embodiments of this application.

[0246] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" in this application can be used interchangeably. Furthermore, the terminology used in this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0247] In the embodiments of this application, the term "instruction" can be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an indication of a relationship. For example, A instructing B can mean that A directly instructs B, such as B being able to obtain information through A; it can also mean that A indirectly instructs B, such as A instructing C, so B can obtain information through C; or it can mean that there is a relationship between A and B.

[0248] In the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. However, it should also be understood that determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0249] In the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" can indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or an association between two things, or a relationship such as instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured.

[0250] In the embodiments of this application, the term "comprising" can refer to direct inclusion or indirect inclusion. Optionally, "comprising" in the embodiments of this application can be replaced with "instructing" or "used to determine". For example, "A includes B" can be replaced with "A instructs B" or "A is used to determine B".

[0251] In this application embodiment, "predefined" or "preconfigured" can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other means that can be used to indicate relevant information in the device (e.g., including terminal devices and network devices). This application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined can refer to what is defined in the protocol.

[0252] In this application embodiment, the "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communication, such as the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0253] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0254] In the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0255] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0256] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0257] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0258] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can read or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs, DVDs) or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs), etc.

[0259] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: When the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future condition handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the future serving cell, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for the condition handover. The first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first condition includes one or more of the following: The signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold. The signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to the second threshold; The timer is running, and the timer is used for wireless link failure detection and / or beam failure detection.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The timer includes one or more of the following: T310 timer, beam failure detection timer.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The signal quality of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: The signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; The signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell; The signal strength of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: The signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; The signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The handover triggering condition associated with at least one of the candidate cells predicted to undergo a future handover under one or more conditions is met, the radio link failure predicted to occur in the future serving cell is predicted, and the beam failure predicted to occur in the future serving cell is predicted, or one or more of these conditions are predicted by the first model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover will be associated with a handover triggering condition. The input of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results; The output of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results, and information related to measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with the at least one candidate cell.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict relevant information about measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with the at least one candidate cell, and the prediction method of the first model includes one or more of the following: Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain moment or within a time window, based on actual measurements and / or predicted Layer 1 and / or Layer 3 measurement results, as well as the configuration parameters of the measurement event. Direct prediction is used to predict when the measurement event will be triggered at a certain moment or within a time window, based on the actual measurement results of Layer 1 and / or Layer 3.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The measurement events include mobility LTM events triggered by Layer 1 / Layer 2 and / or measurement events defined based on Layer 3 measurement results.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The input and / or output of the first model includes measurements of the serving beam of the serving cell, the serving beam comprising beams associated with the following reference signals: The first reference signal included in the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state currently used by the terminal device; A second reference signal that has a quasi-co-address relationship with the first reference signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The input and / or output of the first model includes layer 1 measurement results and / or layer 3 measurement results of one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams, which are used by the terminal device to measure the one or more conditionally switched candidate cells.

11. The method according to any one of claims 5-10, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict whether a radio link failure event will occur in the future serving cell and / or whether a beam failure event will occur in the future serving cell. The input of the first model includes: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level. The output of the first model includes one or more of the following: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level, the serving cell experiencing a radio link failure event at a certain time or within a time window, and the serving cell experiencing a beam failure event at a certain time or within a time window.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event, and the prediction method of the first model includes: Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain moment or within a time window, based on actual measurements and / or predicted layer 1 measurement results of the beam level, and the configuration parameters of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event. Direct prediction is used to predict, based on actual beam-level layer 1 measurement results, the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain moment or within a time window.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover, including: If at least one of the candidate cells in the one or more conditional handover candidate cells meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell; and / or If the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition of all candidate cells associated with the one or more candidate cells of the conditional handover is not met, the terminal device initiates a fast recovery process for the conditional handover.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The first candidate cell meets one or more of the following conditions: The first candidate cell is the first to satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell; The first candidate cell has the best signal quality among the candidate cells in the one or more condition handover scenarios. The first candidate cell has the highest signal strength among the candidate cells in the one or more condition handover scenarios. The duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest. The ratio of the remaining time of the first candidate cell that satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell are indicated by one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results of the best beam in the first candidate cell; The cell-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell; The cell-level layer 3 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell includes one of the following: primary cell handover, primary-secondary cell handover.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell is a continuous cell handover.

18. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: The processing module is configured to initiate a handover procedure to the first candidate cell or to initiate a fast recovery procedure for the condition handover when the first condition is met and the terminal device predicts that at least one candidate cell associated with a future condition handover is met, or when the terminal device predicts that a radio link failure and / or beam failure will occur in the future serving cell. The first condition is related to the signal quality and / or signal strength of the serving cell.

19. The terminal device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first condition includes one or more of the following: The signal quality of the serving cell is less than or equal to a first threshold. The signal strength of the serving cell is less than or equal to the second threshold; The timer is running, and the timer is used for wireless link failure detection and / or beam failure detection.

20. The terminal device according to claim 19, characterized in that, The timer includes one or more of the following: T310 timer, beam failure detection timer.

21. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-20, characterized in that: The signal quality of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: The signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; The signal quality of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell; The signal strength of the serving cell is indicated by one or more of the following: The signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving cell; The signal strength of the reference signal corresponding to the serving beam in the serving cell.

22. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-21, characterized in that, The handover triggering condition associated with at least one of the candidate cells predicted to undergo a future handover under one or more conditions is met, the radio link failure predicted to occur in the future serving cell is predicted, and the beam failure predicted to occur in the future serving cell is predicted, or one or more of these conditions are predicted by the first model.

23. The terminal device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict that at least one candidate cell among one or more candidate cells for future conditional handover will be associated with a handover triggering condition. The input of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results; The output of the first model includes one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results, Layer 3 measurement results, and information related to measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with the at least one candidate cell.

24. The terminal device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict relevant information about measurement events indicated in the handover triggering conditions associated with the at least one candidate cell, and the prediction method of the first model includes one or more of the following: Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of the measurement event at a certain moment or within a time window, based on actual measurements and / or predicted Layer 1 and / or Layer 3 measurement results, as well as the configuration parameters of the measurement event. Direct prediction is used to predict when the measurement event will be triggered at a certain moment or within a time window, based on the actual measurement results of Layer 1 and / or Layer 3.

25. The terminal device according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that, The measurement events include mobility LTM events triggered by Layer 1 / Layer 2 and / or measurement events defined based on Layer 3 measurement results.

26. The terminal device according to any one of claims 22-25, characterized in that, The input and / or output of the first model includes measurements of the serving beam of the serving cell, the serving beam comprising beams associated with the following reference signals: The first reference signal included in the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state currently used by the terminal device; A second reference signal that has a quasi-co-address relationship with the first reference signal.

27. The terminal device according to any one of claims 22-25, characterized in that, The input and / or output of the first model includes layer 1 measurement results and / or layer 3 measurement results of one or more conditionally switched candidate cell beams, which are used by the terminal device to measure the one or more conditionally switched candidate cells.

28. The terminal device according to any one of claims 22-27, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict whether a radio link failure event will occur in the future serving cell and / or whether a beam failure event will occur in the future serving cell. The input of the first model includes: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level. The output of the first model includes one or more of the following: layer 1 measurement results at the beam level, the serving cell experiencing a radio link failure event at a certain time or within a time window, and the serving cell experiencing a beam failure event at a certain time or within a time window.

29. The terminal device according to claim 28, characterized in that, The first model is used to predict the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event, and the prediction method of the first model includes: Indirect prediction is used to predict the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain moment or within a time window, based on actual measurements and / or predicted layer 1 measurement results of the beam level, and the configuration parameters of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event. Direct prediction is used to predict, based on actual beam-level layer 1 measurement results, the triggering of the wireless link failure event and / or the beam failure event at a certain moment or within a time window.

30. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-29, characterized in that, The terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell, or the terminal device initiates a fast recovery procedure for conditional handover, including: If at least one of the candidate cells in the one or more conditional handover candidate cells meets the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the associated handover triggering condition, the terminal device initiates a handover procedure to the first candidate cell; and / or If the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover trigger condition of all candidate cells associated with the one or more candidate cells of the conditional handover is not met, the terminal device initiates a fast recovery process for the conditional handover.

31. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-30, characterized in that, The first candidate cell meets one or more of the following conditions: The first candidate cell is the first to satisfy the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell; The first candidate cell has the best signal quality among the candidate cells in the one or more condition handover scenarios. The first candidate cell has the highest signal strength among the candidate cells in the one or more condition handover scenarios. The duration of the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell reaches the first duration threshold earliest. The ratio of the remaining time of the first candidate cell that satisfies the entry condition of the measurement event indicated in the handover triggering condition associated with the first candidate cell to the first duration threshold is the smallest.

32. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-31, characterized in that, The signal quality and / or signal strength of the first candidate cell are indicated by one or more of the following: Layer 1 measurement results of the best beam in the first candidate cell; The cell-level layer 1 measurement results of the first candidate cell; The cell-level layer 3 measurement results of the first candidate cell.

33. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-32, characterized in that, The handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell includes one of the following: primary cell handover, primary-secondary cell handover.

34. The terminal device according to any one of claims 18-33, characterized in that, The handover initiated by the terminal device to the first candidate cell is a continuous cell handover.

35. A terminal device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a program, and the processor being used to invoke the program in the memory to cause the terminal device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

36. An apparatus, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory to cause the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

37. A chip, characterized in that, Includes a processor for calling a program from memory, causing a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

38. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It contains a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

39. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a program that causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

40. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-17.

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