Orthodontic appliance

Abstract

Provided is an orthodontic appliance, comprising a fixed base (1) that can be bonded and fixed to a tooth surface, a movable wing (2), and a spring (3). The movable wing (2) is slidably positioned on the fixed base (1); a bottom surface of the fixed base (1) is machined with a bonding pattern, one end of the surface is machined with a wing base (12), and the middle of the wing base (12) is provided with a sliding groove (121) in a direction of the central plane; the movable wing (2) comprises an occlusal splint (21) and a sliding rod (22), and the sliding rod (22) is positioned in the sliding groove (121) and can move back and forth along the sliding groove (121); the spring (3) is sleeved on the sliding rod (22), and one end of the spring (3) abuts against the wing base (12) and always maintains a tendency in which the movable wing (2) is away from the wing base (12); the occlusal splint (21) can move toward the wing base (12) end under the driving of the tooth occlusal force and generate an orthodontic thrust on the wing base (12) by means of the spring (3). Using the occlusal splint (21) on the movable wing (2), the occlusal force generated by each occlusal action is picked up and converted into an adduction force on the anterior teeth, thereby forming a dynamic orthodontic process and minimizing the impact on the posterior teeth.

Description

A type of orthodontic appliance Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of orthodontic technology, and particularly relates to an orthodontic appliance, especially a scheme that can be guided by the force of the occlusal muscles. Background technology:

[0002] Current orthodontic appliances are all passive, relying on external force from the archwire for guidance. For cases of protruding teeth, the traditional approach involves extracting the premolars and then using the posterior teeth to move the anterior teeth backward to correct the protrusion. However, when the posterior and anterior teeth are pulled against each other, the posterior teeth can also move forward, thus affecting the effectiveness of anterior tooth retraction.

[0003] Since humans eat and chew every day, if the muscle force of biting could be transformed into the force of retracting the anterior teeth, it would greatly simplify the orthodontic process, better protect the posterior teeth from external forces, and thus achieve full retraction of protruding anterior teeth. This is undoubtedly a novel approach with promising clinical prospects. Therefore, how to provide an orthodontic appliance that conforms to this approach is the subject of this invention. Summary of the Invention:

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to design an orthodontic appliance that can convert biting force into tooth retraction force.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: an orthodontic appliance includes a fixed base for bonding tooth surfaces, a movable wing, and a spring, with the movable wing slidably positioned on the fixed base; characterized in that: the bottom surface of the fixed base is machined with bonding texture, and one end of the surface is machined with a wing seat, the wing seat having a groove in the middle along the central plane direction; the movable wing includes an occlusal plate and a sliding rod, the sliding rod being positioned in the groove and capable of moving back and forth along the groove; the spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the spring abutting against the wing seat, and always maintaining the tendency of the movable wing to move away from the wing seat; the occlusal plate can move towards the wing seat end under the drive of the tooth occlusal force, and generates an orthodontic thrust on the wing seat with the help of the spring.

[0006] The sliding rod is a straight rod or an arc-shaped rod similar to the surface of the fixed seat, and there is an angle between it and the engagement plate. The two are combined to form a closed or open triangular structure.

[0007] The angle between the engagement plate and the sliding rod in the movable wing is between 30 and 80 degrees, the width of the engagement plate is no more than 8 mm, and it is 4 to 8 times the width of the sliding rod.

[0008] The sliding rod of the movable wing extends rearward with a long hook. The width of the long hook is greater than the width of the sliding rod and can abut against the wing seat of the fixed seat to form a limit. The hook length is greater than the sliding stroke of the movable wing. The long hook has a rectangular hook groove, the two sides forming the hook groove are parallel to each other, and can be constrained by the inserted bowwire, only moving in the forward and backward direction.

[0009] The closed triangular structure formed by the bite plate and sliding rod of the movable wing refers to the following two structures: 1. The bite plate and sliding rod are machined as a single piece, with a supporting central rod between them, located at the junction of the sliding rod and the long hook; 2. The bite plate and sliding rod are machined separately and connected by a mortise and tenon structure; the rear end of the bite plate has a bent section, and tenons or mortises are machined at the end of the bent section and the front end of the bite plate, and mortises or tenons are machined at the front end of the sliding rod and the end of the long hook to match them.

[0010] The central pole has a rear protrusion on the side facing the long hook. This rear protrusion covers the hook opening of the long hook, forming a C-shaped path for the bow wire to cut into.

[0011] The rear protrusion is processed into a sheet shape, which can be bent to block the opening of the long hook.

[0012] The fixed seat has barbs machined on its wing seat to prevent the spring from coming out.

[0013] An auxiliary tube hole is provided at the end of the fixed seat away from the wing seat.

[0014] This invention utilizes a movable wing-shaped occlusal plate to capture the occlusal force generated by each biting action and convert it into a retractive force on the anterior teeth, forming a dynamic orthodontic process that minimizes the impact on the posterior teeth. Continuous biting also generates a continuous retractive force, effectively driving the anterior teeth inward and achieving the effect of correcting anterior protrusion. The appliance design is characterized by its unique concept and rational structure. Attached image description:

[0015] The invention will be further described below with reference to specific figures:

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the orthodontic appliance in an unloaded state.

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the force state of the orthodontic appliance.

[0018] Figure 3 is a side view of the orthodontic appliance in an unloaded state.

[0019] Figure 4 is a side view of the force state of the orthodontic appliance.

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled orthodontic appliance.

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the orthodontic appliance.

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an orthodontic appliance with an archwire.

[0023] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the movable wing.

[0024] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the movable wing in Figure 8 in use.

[0025] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the second orthodontic appliance.

[0026] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the two-part disassembly of the orthodontic appliance.

[0027] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of teeth with orthodontic appliances.

[0028] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the front teeth wearing orthodontic appliances.

[0029] Wherein: 1—Fixed seat; 11—Adhesive pattern; 12—Wing seat; 121—Slide groove; 122—Barb; 13—Auxiliary pipe hole; 2—Modible wing; 21—Interlocking plate; 211—Bending section; 212—Rivet; 22—Sliding rod; 221—Tenon; 23—Central upright rod; 24—Long hook; 241—Rectangular hook groove; 25—Rear protrusion; 3—Spring; 4—Archive wire; 5—Front tooth; A—Included angle; L—Hook length; F—Interlocking force; F*sinA—Component force of parallel sliding rod; F*cosA—Component force of perpendicular sliding rod; Detailed implementation method:

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] Referring to Figures 1 to 6, the orthodontic appliance includes a fixed base 1, a movable wing 2, and a spring 3. The bottom surface of the fixed base 1 is machined with an adhesive groove 11 for bonding to the lingual tooth surface, and one end of the surface is machined with a wing seat 12. The wing seat 12 has a groove 121 in the middle along the direction of the center plane. Preferably, the wing seat 12 of the fixed base is machined with a barb 122 facing forward, which can prevent the spring 3 and the movable wing 2 from falling out. An auxiliary tube hole 13 is opened at the end of the fixed base 1 away from the wing seat, that is, at the front end.

[0032] The movable wing 2 includes a biting plate 21 and a sliding rod 22. More specifically, the sliding rod 22 is a straight rod or an arc-shaped rod similar to the surface of the fixed base 1, and there is an angle A between it and the biting plate 21. The two combine to form a closed or open triangular structure. In this example, the biting plate 21 and the sliding rod 22 are integrally machined, with a supporting central rod 23 between them. The central rod 23 is located at the junction of the sliding rod 22 and the long hook 24. This example preferably uses a closed triangular structure, which has better rigidity. If it is an open triangular structure, the opening can be on the sliding rod 22 and the central rod 23, or at the junction of the sliding rod 22 with the biting plate 21 and the central rod 23, as long as the integrity of the biting plate 21 is maintained as much as possible.

[0033] The movable wing 2 is positioned in the groove 121 by means of the sliding rod 21 and can move back and forth along the groove 121. The spring 3 is sleeved on the sliding rod 21, with one end of the spring 3 abutting against the wing seat 12, and always keeping the movable wing 2 away from the wing seat 12. The occlusal plate 21 can move towards the end of the wing seat 12 under the drive of the occlusal force of the teeth, and generates an orthodontic thrust on the wing seat with the help of the spring, that is, an inward force on the anterior teeth. It should be noted that the spring 3 is sleeved on the sliding rod 21. If it is an open structure, it is installed from the open end. If it is a closed structure, it is screwed in by the spring 3.

[0034] The aforementioned active wing has an included angle A between the interlocking plate 21 and the sliding rod 22, which is between 30 and 80 degrees. The width of the interlocking plate 21 is no more than 8 mm and is 4 to 8 times the width of the sliding rod 22. The smaller mating groove 121 can ensure that the wing seat 12 has sufficient strength.

[0035] Furthermore, the sliding rod 22 of the movable wing extends rearward with a long hook 24. The width of the long hook 24 is greater than the width of the sliding rod 22, and it can abut against the wing seat 12 of the fixed seat to form a limit. The hook length L of the long hook 24 is greater than the sliding stroke of the movable wing 2. The long hook 24 can be passed through by the bow wire 4, which in turn uses the bow wire 4 to constrain the sliding stroke and direction of the movable wing 2, especially to keep the movable wing moving only in the direction of the center plane. Furthermore, the central rod 23 is machined with a rear protrusion 25 on the side of the long hook. The rear protrusion 25 can extend directly from the engagement plate 21 rearward as shown in the figure. The rear protrusion 25 covers the hook opening of the long hook 24, forming a C-shaped channel for the bow wire 4 to cut into, preventing the bow wire 4 from accidentally slipping out. Furthermore, the long hook 24 has a rectangular hook groove 241. The two surfaces forming the hook groove 241 are parallel to each other and can cooperate with the bow wire with a rectangular cross section. The bow wire inserted into the groove is constrained and can only move in the back-and-forth direction, as shown in Figure 7. In addition to its guiding function, the archwire 4, when adjusted clinically, is positioned at the bottom of the long hook rectangular groove 241 in the open mouth state, forming a limit and restraining the possibility of the movable wing 2 moving forward due to occlusion.

[0036] When the wire is engaged to its limit, the movable wing 2 moves backward, and the bowwire 4 moves forward to the end of the groove 241. To eliminate safety hazards, the rear protrusion 25 is further refined and processed into a bendable sheet structure, which is placed on the central support 23. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the rear protrusion 25 is processed into a sheet shape. The sheet-like rear protrusion 25 is bent to block the opening of the long hook 24, preventing the bowwire from coming out.

[0037] In this example, the fixed base 1 has one end with the wing 11 as the rear and the auxiliary tube hole 13 as the front, as shown in the steering wheel figure. The fixed base 1 is bonded to the lingual side of the upper anterior teeth. This orthodontic appliance is suitable for the correction of protruding anterior teeth.

[0038] Referring to Figure 6, the force analysis of the orthodontic appliance shows that the occlusal force F theoretically generates a vertical force on the movable wing. The angle A between the occlusal plate 21 and the sliding bar 22 (an arc-shaped bar equivalent to a straight bar) is significant. The sliding bar 22 is mounted on the inclined bonding base 1, generating a component force F*cosA perpendicular to the sliding bar 22 and a component force F*sinA parallel to the sliding bar. The component force F*cosA generates a resistance parallel to the sliding bar at the contact surface with the base 1. Due to the small contact area, the resistance is greatly reduced and significantly less than F*sinA. The component force F*sinA drives the movable wing, overcoming the spring force and moving it backward. The spring force also acts on the base 1, generating a backward thrust. This thrust is converted into an inward force on the anterior teeth. Each occlusal action generates an inward force, helping to retract protruding anterior teeth. In addition to occlusal actions, intentional, relatively long-term occlusal training generates a relatively sustained inward orthodontic force.

[0039] The vertical occlusal force also exerts a force perpendicular to the tooth surface on the anterior teeth. Because the archwire 4 controls the movable wing 2 via the long hook 24, it partially counteracts the vertical force. However, most patients with protruding anterior teeth also have excessive vertical elongation of the anterior teeth, resulting in excessive exposure of the alveolar bone and gingiva, accompanied by a gummy smile. They often desire additional vertical force to aid in correction. This occlusal plate effectively both retracts and intrudes the anterior teeth, achieving two goals at once.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] Referring to Figures 10 and 11, in this example, the occlusal plate 21 and the sliding bar 22 are machined separately and connected by mortise and tenon joints to form a closed, triangular-like structure. Separate parts facilitate machining, especially since the occlusal plate 21 has a wider occlusal surface. The rear end of the occlusal plate 21 has a bent section 211, with tenons or mortises 212 machined at the end of the bent section 211 and the front end of the occlusal plate 21. The front end of the sliding bar 22 and the end of the long hook 24 are respectively machined with matching mortises or tenons 221. Clinically, the sliding bar 22, spring 3, and fixing part 1 can be bonded to the tooth surface first, and the archwire adjusted before assembling the occlusal plate 31 to form a closed whole, which also prevents the archwire from slipping out. Furthermore, this approach also allows for the replacement of the occlusal plate 21 during orthodontic treatment to adjust the occlusal force.

[0042] The aforementioned occlusal plate 21 is preferably flat, but it can also be a curved surface that is convex or concave.

Claims

1. An appliance comprising a fixed base (1) of a bondable dental surface, a movable wing (2) and a spring (3), the movable wing (2) being slidingly positioned on the fixed base (1); characterized in that: The bottom surface of the fixed seat (1) is processed with a bonding line (11), and the surface one end is processed with a wing seat (12) which is opened with a sliding groove (121) along the central surface direction; the movable wing (2) comprises a bite plate (21) and a sliding rod (22), the sliding rod (22) is positioned in the sliding groove (121) and can move forward and backward along the sliding groove (121); the spring (3) is sleeved on the sliding rod (22), one end of the spring (3) abuts against the wing seat (12) and always keeps the tendency of the movable wing (2) away from the wing seat (12), the bite plate (21) can move to the wing seat (12) end under the driving of the tooth bite force and generates a correction thrust on the wing seat (12) by the spring (3).

2. The appliance of claim 1, wherein: The sliding rod (22) is a straight line or an arc surface similar to the surface of the fixed seat (1), and there is an included angle between the sliding rod (22) and the bite plate (21), and the two are combined into a closed or open triangular structure.

3. An appliance according to claim 2, wherein: The included angle between the bite plate (21) and the sliding rod (22) in the movable wing is between 30 to 80 degrees, the width of the bite plate (21) is not greater than 8mm, and is 4 to 8 times the width of the sliding rod (22).

4. An appliance according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein: The sliding rod (22) of the movable wing extends backward with a long hook (24), the width of the long hook (24) is greater than the width of the sliding rod (22), and can abut against the wing seat (12) of the fixed seat to form a limit; the hook length of the long hook (24) is greater than the sliding stroke of the movable wing (2), and the long hook (24) has a rectangular hook groove (241), two surfaces forming the hook groove (241) are parallel to each other, and the inserted arch wire (4) is restricted to move only in the forward and backward directions.

5. An appliance according to claim 4 wherein: The combination of the bite plate (21) and the sliding rod (22) of the movable wing into a closed triangular structure refers to the following two structures: one, the bite plate (21) and the sliding rod (22) are integrally processed, and a supporting neutral rod (23) is left between them, which is located at the intersection of the sliding rod (22) and the long hook (24); two, the bite plate (21) and the sliding rod (22) are separately processed and connected through a mortise and tenon structure; the rear end of the bite plate (21) has a bending section (211), and a tenon or mortise (212) is processed at the end of the bending section (211) and the front end of the bite plate (21), and the front end of the sliding rod (22) and the end of the long hook (24) are respectively processed with a mortise or tenon (221) matched therewith.

6. An appliance according to claim 5 wherein: The neutral rod (23) is processed with a rear convex part (25) towards the long hook (24) side, which covers above the hook opening of the long hook (24) to form a C-shaped channel for the arch wire to cut into.

7. An appliance according to claim 6 wherein: The rear convex part (25) is processed into a sheet shape, and the bending can block the opening of the long hook (24).

8. The appliance of claim 1, wherein: The wing seat (12) of the fixed seat is processed with an anti-spring falling out barb (122).

9. An appliance according to claim 1 or 8, wherein: The end of the fixed seat away from the wing seat (12) is opened with an auxiliary pipe hole (13).

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