Power conversion apparatus, component controller, power system, and communication method

Abstract

A power conversion apparatus, a component controller, a power system, and a communication method. The power conversion apparatus is configured to communicate with the component controller using a plurality of designated frequency bands, the plurality of designated frequency bands comprising frequency-hopping frequency bands and a common frequency band. The power conversion apparatus comprises a control module, the control module being configured to: generate a frequency-hopping frequency-band sequence on the basis of a target frequency-hopping frequency band in an idle state among a plurality of frequency-hopping frequency bands; and provide the frequency-hopping frequency-band sequence to the component controller by using a common frequency band, so as to instruct the component controller to perform frequency-hopping communication with the power conversion apparatus according to the frequency-hopping frequency-band sequence.

Description

Power conversion devices, component controllers, power systems and communication methods

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024119983018, filed on December 31, 2024, entitled "Power Conversion Device, Component Controller, Power System and Communication Method", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to a power conversion device, a component controller, a power system, and a communication method. Background Technology

[0003] In power systems, DC sources are typically connected to power conversion devices via component controllers. To achieve efficient operation and maximize output power, the component controllers and power conversion devices need to work together through real-time communication so that the power conversion devices can acquire the operating status of each DC source and optimize accordingly.

[0004] Power system communication schemes typically employ fixed-frequency communication methods. However, fixed-frequency communication is prone to communication interruptions or data loss in the event of interference from other signals or frequency band congestion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is a summary of the detailed description of the embodiments of this disclosure. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The embodiments of this disclosure provide a power conversion device, a component controller, a power system, and a communication method. The embodiments of this disclosure adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] This disclosure provides a power conversion device capable of communicating with a component controller using multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the power conversion device includes: a control module configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to provide the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band to instruct the component controller to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0007] In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to monitor the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; filter out multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; and randomly sort at least some of the target frequency hopping bands to form a frequency hopping band sequence.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, issue a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0009] In some embodiments, the power conversion device is configured to communicate with multiple component controllers; different component controllers are located in different positions; the control module is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controllers according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, instruct the neighboring component controllers of the designated component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein, the neighboring component controllers are component controllers whose distance from the designated component controller meets a specified condition; the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power conversion device and the component controller are connected via power cables; the power conversion device and the component controller use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0011] This disclosure provides a component controller configured to communicate with a power conversion device via multiple specified frequency bands; the multiple specified frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the component controller includes: a control unit configured to receive a frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence; wherein the frequency hopping band sequence is generated by a target frequency hopping band that is in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, receive a band alignment instruction issued by the power conversion device using a common band carrying the current frequency hopping band, and receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; and the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, receive a band alignment instruction issued by a neighboring component controller using a common band, carrying the current frequency hopping band, and receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication; and the distance between the neighboring component controller and the component controller meets specified conditions.

[0014] In some embodiments, the component controller and the power conversion device are connected via power cables; the component controller and the power conversion device use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0015] This disclosure provides a power system including a power conversion device and a component controller; the power conversion device and the component controller communicate via multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the power conversion device is configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to provide the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band; the component controller is configured to receive the frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power conversion device is further configured to monitor the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands, and select multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to randomly sort at least some of the target frequency hopping bands to form a frequency hopping band sequence.

[0017] In some embodiments, the component controller includes a designated component controller; during the process of frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it issues a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band; upon receiving the frequency band alignment command issued by the power conversion device using the common frequency band and carrying the current frequency hopping band, the designated component controller receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

[0018] In some embodiments, there are multiple component controllers; the multiple component controllers include a designated component controller and neighboring component controllers of the designated component controller; the distance between the neighboring component controller and the designated component controller meets a specified condition; during the process of frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it instructs the neighboring component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; when the designated component controller receives the frequency band alignment command carrying the current frequency hopping band issued by the neighboring component controller using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power conversion device and the component controller are connected via power cables; the power conversion device and the component controller use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power conversion device is connected to a DC source via a component controller.

[0021] This disclosure provides a communication method applied to a power system. The power system includes a master node and slave nodes. The master node and slave nodes communicate using multiple designated frequency bands. The multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band. The communication method includes: the master node generating a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; the master node providing the frequency hopping band sequence to the slave node using the common frequency band; and the slave node receiving the frequency hopping band sequence provided by the master node using the common frequency band to perform frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0022] In some embodiments, before the step of the master node generating the frequency hopping band sequence, the communication method further includes: the master node monitoring the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; the master node filtering out multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; correspondingly, the step of the master node generating the frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping bands that are in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands includes: randomly sorting at least some of the target frequency hopping bands by the master node to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0023] In some embodiments, the slave node includes a designated slave node; the communication method further includes: during the process of the master node communicating with the slave node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, the master node issues a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated slave node through a common frequency band; wherein the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band; and the designated slave node, upon receiving the frequency band alignment instruction issued by the master node using the common frequency band and carrying the current frequency hopping band, receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band.

[0024] In some embodiments, the number of slave nodes is multiple; the multiple slave nodes include a designated slave node and neighboring slave nodes of the designated slave node; a neighboring slave node is a slave node whose distance from the designated slave node meets a specified condition; the communication method further includes: during the process of the master node communicating with the slave nodes according to the frequency hopping frequency band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping frequency band in the frequency hopping frequency band sequence, it instructs the neighboring slave node to issue a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated slave node through a common frequency band; when the designated slave node receives the frequency band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping frequency band issued by the neighboring slave node using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping frequency band.

[0025] In some embodiments, the master node and the slave node are connected via power cables; the master node and the slave node use power cables as the transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0026] After reading and understanding the accompanying diagrams and detailed descriptions, the other aspects can be understood.

[0027] Brief description of the attached figures

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the communication relationship between a power conversion device and a component controller according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between a power conversion device and a component controller provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a power system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency hopping communication provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between a power conversion device and a component controller provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the interaction between a power conversion device and a component controller provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

[0036] In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In related technologies, power systems typically contain multiple devices. Each device can function as a node, and communication between nodes enables collaborative operation among the devices. For example, multiple nodes may include master nodes and slave nodes. A master node can refer to a power conversion device, while a slave node can refer to a component controller connected between the power conversion device and the DC source. The power conversion device can communicate with the component controller and is configured to acquire operating status information of the DC source, such as voltage, current, or temperature, for optimized regulation and fault diagnosis.

[0038] However, due to the large area of ​​the power system deployment and the complex working environment, the communication lines between nodes are easily affected by electromagnetic interference, power line noise, or frequency band congestion, which puts forward higher requirements for the anti-interference capability of node communication in the power system in related technologies.

[0039] In some embodiments, the master and slave nodes in a power system can use power line communication (PLC) for data transmission. PLCs utilize existing power cables as the communication medium, reducing the cost of additional wiring and simplifying the power system structure. However, because the power lines connecting the master and slave nodes undertake multiple tasks, including transmitting electrical energy and data, they place higher demands on the node communication's resistance to interference.

[0040] In related technologies, master-slave node communication schemes typically employ fixed-frequency communication. This fixed-frequency communication is susceptible to interference from other signals or frequency band congestion in the complex electromagnetic environment of power systems, leading to communication interruptions, data loss, or increased latency, thereby affecting the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0041] Therefore, proposing a master-slave node communication scheme with strong anti-interference capabilities is crucial for the precise control and optimized power output of power systems.

[0042] To address this, embodiments of this disclosure provide a power conversion device, a component controller, a power system, and a communication method. For example, a master node generates a frequency hopping band sequence based on idle target frequency hopping bands from a plurality of frequency hopping bands, and provides this sequence to a slave node using a common frequency band, instructing the slave node to perform frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the sequence. By employing a dynamic communication scheme based on idle frequency hopping bands, even if some frequency hopping bands are interfered with, the master and slave nodes can still complete effective communication through the undisturbed frequency hopping bands, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of communication in the power system to a certain extent.

[0043] Furthermore, the master node can dynamically detect the status of frequency hopping bands and generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on the dynamically identified idle frequency hopping bands, thereby enabling communication between the master and slave nodes. This ensures the continuity and stability of communication to a certain extent, effectively improving the communication quality between master and slave nodes in the power system and providing reliable technical support for the efficient operation and maintenance of the power system.

[0044] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, embodiments of this disclosure provide a power conversion device. The power conversion device can communicate with a component controller using multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the power conversion device includes: a control module configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to provide the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band to instruct the component controller to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0045] A power conversion device is configured to perform electrical energy conversion. For example, a power conversion device can be an inverter configured to convert direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). Alternatively, a power conversion device can be a DC-DC converter configured to convert DC current of different voltages. The power conversion device can also be a combiner box, rectifier, converter, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this. The DC source can be photovoltaic (PV), etc., and this embodiment does not specifically limit its application.

[0046] In some embodiments, the power conversion device can be applied to a power system. Accordingly, the power conversion device can serve as a master node in the power system.

[0047] The control module of the power conversion device is configured to control the operation of the power conversion circuit of the power conversion device, and the computing module is configured to communicate with the component controller. For example, the computing module may be one or more processors, etc.

[0048] Referring to Figure 3, in a power system, the DC side of the power conversion device can be connected to a DC source via a module controller. The DC source can be a device that generates or stores DC power, such as a photovoltaic module or an energy storage battery. The AC side of the power conversion device can be connected to the power grid.

[0049] A component controller is a device configured to monitor and manage the operating status of a DC source connected to it. For example, a component controller may be a power optimizer or a shutdown device. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0050] In some embodiments, the component controller can also be applied to a power system. Accordingly, the component controller can act as a slave node in the power system.

[0051] In this embodiment, a designated frequency band refers to a specific frequency range configured for communication between the power conversion device and the component controller. Different designated frequency bands represent different frequency ranges. Designated frequency bands can be preset as needed and configured to ensure communication stability and interference resistance.

[0052] For example, the specified frequency band can be a narrowband signal, with specific frequency ranges of multiple specified frequency bands being 431MHz±10kHz, 432MHz±10kHz, and 433MHz±10kHz, etc. Alternatively, the specified frequency band can also be a wideband signal, with specific frequency ranges of multiple specified frequency bands being 431MHz±1MHz, 433MHz±1MHz, 435MHz±1MHz, and 437MHz±1MHz, etc. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0053] In this embodiment, the designated frequency band is divided into a common frequency band and multiple frequency-hopping bands. The frequency-hopping bands are configured for data transmission between the power conversion device and the component controller. That is, data transmitted from the power conversion device to the component controller, or vice versa, is transmitted to the receiver via the frequency-hopping bands. The common frequency band is configured for the transmission of control information between the power conversion device and the component controller. For example, the power conversion device can broadcast control information to the component controller via the common frequency band, ensuring synchronization and effectiveness during communication to a certain extent. The control information may include a frequency-hopping band sequence.

[0054] In this embodiment, the target frequency hopping band is an idle frequency hopping band. An idle frequency hopping band indicates that it is not occupied, has a low occupancy rate, and experiences little or no external interference. When a frequency hopping band is idle, it is suitable for data communication. By detecting the idle state of the frequency hopping band, the power conversion device can select a suitable frequency hopping band, generate a frequency hopping band sequence, and perform frequency hopping communication based on this sequence. This improves the continuity and stability of communication.

[0055] A frequency hopping band sequence is a sequence of frequency bands obtained by sorting at least some of the target frequency hopping bands. It is configured so that power conversion devices and component controllers can dynamically switch target frequency hopping bands to transmit data during frequency hopping communication in accordance with the order of the target frequency hopping bands in the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0056] In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to monitor the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; filter out multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; and randomly sort at least some of the target frequency hopping bands to form a frequency hopping band sequence.

[0057] Specifically, the power conversion device can monitor the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands by detecting one or more parameters such as the occupancy rate, interference density, data traffic, or noise level of the frequency hopping bands, and then filter out the target frequency hopping bands that are in an idle state based on these parameters. For example, when the occupancy rate of a certain frequency hopping band is less than the corresponding set occupancy rate threshold, that frequency hopping band can be identified as the target frequency hopping band.

[0058] The power conversion device can use physical random number generation or pseudo-random algorithm to randomly sort at least some of the target frequency hopping bands to obtain a frequency hopping band sequence.

[0059] For example, designated frequency band A is a common frequency band. Designated frequency bands B, C, D, E, and F are frequency hopping bands. The power conversion device monitors in real time and identifies the idle target frequency hopping bands as designated frequency bands B, C, D, and E. In one implementation, the power conversion device can use a pseudo-random algorithm to sort the target frequency hopping bands to obtain a frequency hopping band sequence. The frequency hopping band sequence can be [designated frequency band B, designated frequency band D, designated frequency band E, designated frequency band C]. Therefore, referring to Figure 4, the power conversion device and the component controller can sequentially transmit data segments via designated frequency bands B, D, E, and C. This method of sorting the target frequency hopping bands to obtain the frequency hopping band sequence is merely an example and not a limitation, and the frequency hopping band sequence in this example is also merely an example and not a limitation. After the power conversion device provides the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band, the power conversion device and the component controller will transmit data through frequency hopping communication in the order of the target frequency hopping bands in the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0060] For example, the power conversion device can issue a frequency hopping communication command to the component controller via broadcast communication. The frequency hopping communication command carries a frequency hopping band sequence and instructs the component controller to switch the frequency hopping band according to the frequency hopping band sequence. In another implementation, the power conversion device can also issue a frequency hopping communication command to the component controller via unicast communication and provide the carried frequency hopping band sequence to the corresponding component controller. This embodiment is not specifically limited here.

[0061] During frequency hopping communication, the power conversion device and component controller switch between different target frequency hopping bands according to the order of the target frequency hopping bands in the frequency hopping band sequence. The communication duration using a particular target frequency hopping band can be preset. The communication durations maintained across different target frequency hopping bands in the frequency hopping band sequence can be all the same, or at least partially different.

[0062] In some embodiments, after a certain period of time, the power conversion device may also update the frequency hopping band sequence based on the current communication status and communicate with the component controller based on the new frequency hopping band sequence.

[0063] Frequency hopping communication can improve the anti-interference capability of power conversion devices and component controllers to a certain extent. Furthermore, because the target frequency hopping bands are dynamically generated, the communication content is more difficult to intercept and analyze, thus enhancing communication security. At the same time, frequency hopping communication can effectively share spectrum resources and reduce conflicts with other wireless systems.

[0064] In some embodiments, the power conversion device and the component controller are connected via power cables; the power conversion device and the component controller use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0065] In this embodiment, power cables can serve as the transmission medium for communication between the power conversion device and the component controller. For example, power line communication (PLC) can be used between the power conversion device and the component controller. In PLC, the power line can be configured not only to transmit power but also to serve as a data transmission medium. Data transmission is achieved through the existing power cables between the inverter and the component controller, reducing wiring costs and improving the stability and accuracy of data transmission by selecting appropriate frequency bands and modulation methods.

[0066] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5, the control module is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, issue a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0067] During frequency hopping communication between the power converter and the component controller, the component controller may fail to switch to a specific frequency band in a timely manner due to interference, packet loss, or delay. This can cause the frequency hopping sequence to fail to execute as planned, resulting in synchronization failure between the component controller and the power converter. To address this, after detecting a synchronization failure, the power converter can send synchronization information to the component controller via a common frequency band, enabling the component controller to resynchronize with the frequency hopping sequence of the power converter.

[0068] When the power conversion device sends data to the module controller, it switches between frequency hopping bands sequentially according to the frequency hopping band sequence to achieve dynamic frequency changes. The current frequency hopping band is the one currently in use within the frequency hopping band sequence. That is, at the current moment, the power conversion device sends data to the module controller by emitting a signal located in the current frequency hopping band.

[0069] A designated component controller refers to a component controller in a power system that communicates with the power conversion device. For example, when a component controller experiences a communication failure or resynchronization, the power conversion device will identify it as a designated component controller.

[0070] A data segment is a piece of data sent by the power conversion device to a designated component controller. A data segment may contain control commands, status queries, or other information. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0071] An acknowledgment signal is a signal sent by the designated component controller to the power conversion device after receiving a data segment from the power conversion device. The acknowledgment signal is configured to indicate that the designated component controller has successfully received the data segment.

[0072] The specified duration refers to the preset time length during which the power conversion device waits for a response signal after sending a data segment to the designated component controller. For example, the specified duration can be set to 10 milliseconds or 200 milliseconds, etc. This embodiment does not impose a specific limitation. The specified duration can be configured to determine whether the communication between the power conversion device and the designated component controller is normal. When the power conversion device receives a response signal within the specified duration, the communication is considered normal. Otherwise, the communication is considered abnormal.

[0073] In this embodiment, the frequency band alignment command is a control command sent by the power conversion device to the designated component controller via a common frequency band. The frequency band alignment command carries information about the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication, so that the power conversion device and the designated component controller can re-establish a communication link on the same frequency.

[0074] Based on this, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period during frequency hopping communication, it can promptly issue a frequency band alignment command through the common frequency band. Even in the event of communication interference or asynchrony, communication with the designated component controller can be effectively restored, thereby improving the power system's anti-interference capability to a certain extent.

[0075] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6, the power conversion device is configured to communicate with multiple component controllers; different component controllers are located in different positions; the control module is also configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controllers according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, instruct the neighboring component controllers of the designated component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein, the neighboring component controllers are component controllers whose distance from the designated component controller meets a specified condition; the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0076] In some cases, if synchronization between the power converter and the designated component controller fails, the designated component controller may still be unable to receive the frequency band alignment command issued by the power converter through the common frequency band. Therefore, the power converter can issue a command to a nearby component controller that is closer to the designated component controller, instructing the nearby component controller to provide the current frequency hopping band to the designated component controller.

[0077] A neighboring component controller refers to a component controller whose distance from a specified component controller meets a specified condition. For example, a neighboring component controller meeting the specified condition could be the component controller that is closest to the specified component controller and can maintain normal communication with the power conversion device. Alternatively, the specified condition may include a preset distance threshold. Accordingly, a neighboring component controller meeting the specified condition could be a component controller whose distance from the specified component controller is within the distance threshold and can maintain normal communication with the power conversion device.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the power conversion device and the component controller communicate via power line carrier communication technology, the adjacent component controller that meets the specified conditions may also be a component controller whose power cable length with the specified component controller meets the specified conditions.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller, it utilizes a neighboring component controller that is closer to the designated component controller to assist in transmitting the frequency band alignment command, thereby increasing the probability of the designated component controller resuming communication. Therefore, even if the designated component controller fails to provide a timely response signal for some reason, the power conversion device can still use the assistance of neighboring component controllers to prompt the designated component controller to resynchronize with the power conversion device, thus improving the communication stability and reliability of the power system to a certain extent.

[0080] This disclosure provides a component controller. The component controller is configured to communicate with a power conversion device via multiple specified frequency bands; the multiple specified frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the component controller includes: a control unit configured to receive a frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence; wherein, the frequency hopping band sequence is generated from a target frequency hopping band that is in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands.

[0081] In this embodiment, the control unit is the arithmetic unit of the component controller, configured to control the operating state of the component controller and to communicate with the power conversion device. For example, the arithmetic unit may be one or more processors, etc.

[0082] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, receive a band alignment instruction issued by the power conversion device using a common band carrying the current frequency hopping band, and receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; and the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0083] In some embodiments, the control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, receive a band alignment instruction issued by a neighboring component controller using a common band, carrying the current frequency hopping band, and receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication; and the distance between the neighboring component controller and the component controller meets specified conditions.

[0084] In some embodiments, the component controller and the power conversion device are connected via power cables; the component controller and the power conversion device use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0085] For a description of its application to the component controller, please refer to other embodiments in this disclosure. This embodiment will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0086] This disclosure provides a power system including a power conversion device and a component controller; the power conversion device and the component controller communicate via multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the power conversion device is configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to provide the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band; the component controller is configured to receive the frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0087] In some embodiments, the power conversion device is further configured to monitor the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands, and select multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of the multiple frequency hopping bands; and to randomly sort at least some of the target frequency hopping bands to form a frequency hopping band sequence.

[0088] In some embodiments, the component controller includes a designated component controller; during the process of frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it issues a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band; upon receiving the frequency band alignment command issued by the power conversion device using the common frequency band and carrying the current frequency hopping band, the designated component controller receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

[0089] In some embodiments, there are multiple component controllers; the multiple component controllers include a designated component controller and neighboring component controllers of the designated component controller; the distance between the neighboring component controller and the designated component controller meets a specified condition; during the process of frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it instructs the neighboring component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through a common frequency band; when the designated component controller receives the frequency band alignment command carrying the current frequency hopping band issued by the neighboring component controller using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

[0090] In some embodiments, the power conversion device and the component controller are connected via power cables; the power conversion device and the component controller use power cables as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0091] In some embodiments, the power conversion device is connected to a DC source via a component controller.

[0092] In this embodiment, the power system is configured to exchange and transmit power. For example, the power system may be a photovoltaic system configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic system may include photovoltaic modules, module controllers, and power conversion devices. The power conversion device may be an inverter. Each photovoltaic module is connected to the DC side of the inverter through a corresponding module controller, and the AC side of the inverter is connected to the power grid.

[0093] For further description of the power system, please refer to other embodiments in this disclosure. This embodiment will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0094] This disclosure provides a communication method applied to a master node in a power system. The communication method utilizes multiple specified frequency bands to achieve communication between the master node and slave nodes in the power system. These specified frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band. The communication method includes: generating a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; and providing the frequency hopping band sequence to the slave node using the common frequency band to instruct the slave node to perform frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0095] In some embodiments, communication is used between various devices in a power system during operation to achieve collaborative work and thus efficient and stable energy output. Nodes participating in communication in a power system may include master nodes and slave nodes. The communication scheme described above for power conversion devices and component controllers can also be used between any master node and slave node in the power system.

[0096] In this embodiment, the master node is a device in the power system configured to lead communication between slave nodes. Specifically, the master node can be an inverter in the power system. Of course, the master node can also refer to the control module of the inverter.

[0097] In this embodiment, a slave node is a device in the power system that communicates with the master node. The slave node communicates according to the instructions of the master node. For example, a slave node can be a component controller. When the power system is a photovoltaic system, the component controller is configured to monitor and manage the photovoltaic modules connected to it. Alternatively, when the power system is an energy storage system, the component controller can also be configured to monitor and manage the energy storage units connected to it. This embodiment is not specifically limited to this.

[0098] In some embodiments, the power system includes multiple inverters operating in coordination. One of the inverters, a master inverter, may act as a master node. The other inverters act as slave nodes. This embodiment is not specifically limited herein.

[0099] In some embodiments, before the step of generating the frequency hopping band sequence, the communication method further includes: monitoring the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; filtering out multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; correspondingly, the step of generating the frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping bands that are in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands includes: randomly sorting at least a portion of the target frequency hopping bands to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0100] In some embodiments, during frequency hopping communication with a slave node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the specified slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the specified slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, a frequency band alignment instruction is issued to the specified slave node through a common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the specified slave node to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0101] In some embodiments, the power system includes multiple slave nodes located at different locations; the method further includes: during frequency hopping communication with slave nodes according to a frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, instructing neighboring slave nodes of the designated slave node to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated slave node through a common frequency band; wherein, a neighboring slave node is a slave node whose distance from the designated slave node meets a specified condition; the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated slave node to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0102] In some embodiments, the master node and the slave node are connected via power cables; the master node and the slave node use power cables as the transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0103] In some embodiments, the master node is a power conversion device; the slave node is a component controller.

[0104] For a description of the communication method provided in this embodiment, please refer to other embodiments in this disclosure. This embodiment will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0105] This disclosure provides a communication method applied to a slave node in a power system. The communication method utilizes multiple specified frequency bands to achieve communication between the slave node and the master node in the power system. These specified frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band. The communication method includes: receiving a frequency hopping band sequence provided by the master node using the common frequency band, and then performing frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence; wherein the frequency hopping band sequence is generated from a target frequency hopping band that is in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands.

[0106] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes: during frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, upon receiving a frequency band alignment instruction issued by the master node using a common frequency band carrying the current frequency hopping band, receiving a data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; and the frequency band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the slave node to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

[0107] In some embodiments, the communication method further includes: during frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, when a neighboring slave node issues a frequency band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping band using a common frequency band, receiving a data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; the frequency band alignment instruction is configured to instruct a specified slave node to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication; and the distance between neighboring slave nodes and slave nodes meets a specified condition.

[0108] In some embodiments, the master node and the slave node are connected via power cables; the master node and the slave node use power cables as the transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0109] In some embodiments, the master node is a power conversion device; the slave node is a component controller.

[0110] For a description of the communication method provided in this embodiment, please refer to other embodiments in this disclosure. This embodiment will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0111] This disclosure provides a communication method applied to a power system. The power system includes a master node and slave nodes; the master node and slave nodes communicate using multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and a common frequency band; the communication method includes: the master node generating a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among the multiple frequency hopping bands; the master node providing the frequency hopping band sequence to the slave node using the common frequency band; and the slave node receiving the frequency hopping band sequence provided by the master node using the common frequency band, and performing frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0112] In some embodiments, before the step of the master node generating the frequency hopping band sequence, the communication method further includes: the master node monitoring the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; the master node filtering out multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of multiple frequency hopping bands; correspondingly, the step of the master node generating the frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping bands that are in an idle state among the multiple frequency hopping bands includes: randomly sorting at least some of the target frequency hopping bands by the master node to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

[0113] In some embodiments, the slave node includes a designated slave node; the communication method further includes: during the process of the master node communicating with the slave node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, the master node issues a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated slave node through a common frequency band; wherein the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band; and the designated slave node, upon receiving the frequency band alignment instruction issued by the master node using the common frequency band and carrying the current frequency hopping band, receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band.

[0114] In some embodiments, the number of slave nodes is multiple; the multiple slave nodes include a designated slave node and neighboring slave nodes of the designated slave node; a neighboring slave node is a slave node whose distance from the designated slave node meets a specified condition; the method further includes: during the process of the master node communicating with the slave nodes according to the frequency hopping frequency band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping frequency band in the frequency hopping frequency band sequence, it instructs the neighboring slave node to issue a frequency band alignment instruction to the designated slave node through a common frequency band; when the designated slave node receives the frequency band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping frequency band issued by the neighboring slave node using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping frequency band.

[0115] In some embodiments, the master node and the slave node are connected via power cables; the master node and the slave node use power cables as the transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

[0116] In some embodiments, the master node is a power conversion device; the slave node is a component controller.

[0117] For a description of the communication method provided in this embodiment, please refer to other embodiments in this disclosure. This embodiment will not be elaborated upon further here.

[0118] In the above embodiments, the term "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., can transmit electrical signals or data to each other.

[0119] The specific examples in this document are provided only to help those skilled in the art better understand the embodiments of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0120] In the various embodiments of this disclosure, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0121] The various embodiments described in this disclosure can be implemented individually or in combination, and the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited in this respect.

[0122] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used in this disclosure includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" as used in the embodiments of this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] In the several embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0126] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0127] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power conversion device, wherein the power conversion device communicates with a component controller using multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and common frequency bands; The power conversion device includes: The control module is configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping band that is in an idle state among multiple frequency hopping bands; In addition, the frequency hopping band sequence is provided to the component controller using the common frequency band to instruct the component controller to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

2. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein, The control module is further configured to monitor the communication status of the plurality of frequency hopping bands; filter out a plurality of target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of the plurality of frequency hopping bands; and randomly sort at least a portion of the target frequency hopping bands to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

3. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein, The control module is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through the common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

4. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the power conversion device is configured to communicate with multiple component controllers; different component controllers are located in different positions; The control module is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if no response signal is received from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, instruct the neighboring component controller of the designated component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through the common frequency band; wherein... The neighboring component controller is a component controller whose distance from the designated component controller meets a specified condition; the frequency band alignment instruction carries the current frequency hopping band and is configured to instruct the designated component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

5. The power conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power conversion device and the component controller are connected via a power cable; and the power conversion device and the component controller use the power cable as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

6. A component controller configured to communicate with a power conversion device via a plurality of designated frequency bands; the plurality of designated frequency bands including frequency hopping bands and common bands; The component controller includes: The control unit is configured to receive a frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence; wherein the frequency hopping band sequence is generated by a target frequency hopping band that is in an idle state among a plurality of frequency hopping bands.

7. The component controller according to claim 6, wherein, The control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, upon receiving a band alignment instruction issued by the power conversion device using the common band carrying the current frequency hopping band, receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; and the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication.

8. The component controller according to claim 6, wherein, The control unit is further configured to, during frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence, upon receiving a band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping band issued by a neighboring component controller using the common band, receive a data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band; wherein the current frequency hopping band belongs to the frequency hopping band sequence; the band alignment instruction is configured to instruct the component controller to switch to the current frequency hopping band for communication; and the distance between the neighboring component controller and the component controller satisfies a specified condition.

9. The component controller according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the component controller and the power conversion device are connected via a power cable; and the component controller and the power conversion device use the power cable as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

10. A power system, comprising a power conversion device and a component controller; the power conversion device and the component controller communicate with each other via multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and common frequency bands; The power conversion device is configured to generate a frequency hopping band sequence based on a target frequency hopping band that is idle among a plurality of frequency hopping bands; and to provide the frequency hopping band sequence to the component controller using the common frequency band. The component controller is configured to receive a frequency hopping band sequence provided by the power conversion device using the common frequency band, so as to perform frequency hopping communication with the power conversion device according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

11. The power system according to claim 10, wherein, The power conversion device is also configured to monitor the communication status of the plurality of frequency hopping bands and filter out a plurality of target frequency hopping bands based on the communication status of the plurality of frequency hopping bands; In addition, at least a portion of the target frequency hopping bands are randomly sorted to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

12. The power system according to claim 10, wherein, The component controller includes a designated component controller; During the frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it issues a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through the common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band; When the designated component controller receives a frequency band alignment instruction from the power conversion device using the common frequency band, carrying the current frequency hopping band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

13. The power system according to claim 10, wherein, The number of component controllers is multiple; the multiple component controllers include a designated component controller and neighboring component controllers of the designated component controller; the distance between the neighboring component controllers and the designated component controller satisfies a specified condition; During the process of frequency hopping communication between the power conversion device and the component controller according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the power conversion device does not receive a response signal from the designated component controller within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated component controller using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it instructs the neighboring component controller to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated component controller through the common frequency band. When the designated component controller receives a frequency band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping band from a neighboring component controller using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the power conversion device through the current frequency hopping band.

14. The power system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein, The power conversion device and the component controller are connected by a power cable; the power conversion device and the component controller use the power cable as a transmission medium for frequency hopping communication.

15. The power system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein, The power conversion device is connected to a DC source through the component controller.

16. A communication method, the communication method comprising: The master node generates a frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping band that is idle among multiple frequency hopping bands; wherein, the power system includes the master node and the slave node; the master node and the slave node communicate using multiple designated frequency bands; the multiple designated frequency bands include frequency hopping bands and common frequency bands; The master node provides the frequency hopping band sequence to the slave node using the common frequency band; The slave node receives the frequency hopping band sequence provided by the master node using the common frequency band, and performs frequency hopping communication with the master node according to the frequency hopping band sequence.

17. The communication method according to claim 16, prior to the step of the master node generating the frequency hopping band sequence, the communication method further includes: The master node monitors the communication status of the multiple frequency hopping bands. The master node selects multiple target frequency hopping bands based on the actual communication status of the multiple frequency hopping bands; Accordingly, the step of the master node generating a frequency hopping band sequence based on the target frequency hopping bands that are in an idle state among multiple frequency hopping bands includes: the master node randomly sorting at least a portion of the target frequency hopping bands to form the frequency hopping band sequence.

18. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein the slave node includes a designated slave node; the communication method further includes: During the frequency hopping communication between the master node and the slave node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it issues a frequency band alignment command to the designated slave node through the common frequency band; wherein, the frequency band alignment command carries the current frequency hopping band; When the designated slave node receives a frequency band alignment instruction issued by the master node using the common frequency band, which carries the current frequency hopping band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band.

19. The communication method according to claim 16, wherein the number of slave nodes is plurality of slave nodes; the plurality of slave nodes includes a designated slave node and neighboring slave nodes of the designated slave node; The neighboring slave node is a slave node whose distance from the specified slave node satisfies the specified condition; The communication method further includes: During the process of frequency hopping communication between the master node and the slave node according to the frequency hopping band sequence, if the master node does not receive a response signal from the designated slave node within a specified time period after sending a data segment to the designated slave node using the current frequency hopping band in the frequency hopping band sequence, it instructs the neighboring slave node to issue a frequency band alignment command to the designated slave node through the common frequency band. When the designated slave node receives a frequency band alignment instruction carrying the current frequency hopping band from the neighboring slave node using the common frequency band, it receives the data segment transmitted by the master node through the current frequency hopping band.

20. The communication method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the master node and the slave node are connected via a power cable; the master node and the slave node use the power cable as a transmission medium to perform frequency hopping communication.

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