Nanoparticles in a gas cell improve wakefield electron injection, enabling >10 GeV beams in compact accelerators with better beam quality.
Oblique s-polarized laser reflection from dense plasma injects higher-charge electrons into a wake while keeping beam divergence and energy spread low.
A gantry-mounted mix of horizontal and inclined beam lines enables multi-angle ion irradiation across multiple rooms while cutting beam length and cost.
Planar-split cavity parts and radially widening protrusions simplify machining and assembly of accelerating cavities with nose cones.
Niobium cooling rings, copper links, and contraction-matched joints cut thermal contact resistance and speed accelerator cavity cooldown.